1
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Jiachen Z, Paul Kwong Hang T, Kenneth Kak Yuen W, Vincent Chi Hang L. Pathological role of methionine in the initiation and progression of biliary atresia. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1263836. [PMID: 37772039 PMCID: PMC10522914 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1263836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid, and its excessive dietary intake and/or its metabolism disturbance could lead to accumulation/depletion of hepatic Met and some of the key intermediates of these pathways, which would interfere normal liver function and would be associated with liver diseases. Biliary atresia (BA) is a life-threatening disease characterized by inflammatory fibrosclerosing changes of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary systems and is the primary cause of obstructive neonatal cholestasis with a rapid course of liver failure. However, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Previous studies reported elevated Met level in patients with obstructive cholestasis, suggesting a potential link between Met and BA. This paper reviews the Met metabolism in normal conditions and its dysregulation under abnormal conditions, the possible causes of hypermethioninemia, and its connection to BA pathogenesis: Abnormal hepatic level of Met could lead to a perturbation of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial functions of hepatocytes, enhancement of viral infectivity, and dysregulation of innate and adaptative immune cells in response to infection/damage of the liver contributing to the initiation/progression of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiachen
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tam Paul Kwong Hang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Wong Kenneth Kak Yuen
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lui Vincent Chi Hang
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Kubo Y, Shoji K, Tajima A, Horiguchi S, Fukuoka H, Nishikawa M, Kagawa Y, Kawabata T. Serum 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate Status Is Associated with One-Carbon Metabolism-Related Metabolite Concentrations and Enzyme Activity Indicators in Young Women. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10993. [PMID: 37446171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining optimal one-carbon metabolism (OCM) is essential for health and pregnancy. In this cross-sectional study, folate status was assessed based on 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) levels, and the association between 5-MTHF and OCM-related metabolites was investigated in 227 female Japanese university students aged 18-25 years. The participants were divided into high and low 5-MTHF groups based on their folate status. Serum samples of the participants were collected while they were fasting, and 18 OCM-related metabolites were measured using stable-isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The association between serum 5-MTHF and OCM-related metabolite concentrations was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Serum 5-MTHF concentrations were negatively correlated with total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and positively correlated with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and total cysteine (tCys) concentrations. Serum 5-MTHF concentrations demonstrated a stronger negative correlation with tHcy/tCys than with tHcy alone. The negative correlation between betaine and tHcy concentrations was stronger in the low 5-MTHF group than in the high 5-MTHF group. The 5-MTHF status could be linked to Hcy flux into the transsulfuration pathway via SAM. Therefore, the tHcy/tCys ratio may be a more sensitive indicator of the 5-MTHF status than tHcy alone. Furthermore, a low 5-MTHF status can enhance Hcy metabolism via betaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kubo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kumiko Shoji
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Akiko Tajima
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Sayaka Horiguchi
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Hideoki Fukuoka
- Department of Perinatal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masazumi Nishikawa
- Department of Food Management, School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kagawa
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Terue Kawabata
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
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3
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Guerrero L, Paradela A, Corrales FJ. Targeted Proteomics for Monitoring One-Carbon Metabolism in Liver Diseases. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090779. [PMID: 36144184 PMCID: PMC9501948 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases cause approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide and had an increasing incidence during the last decade. Risk factors for liver diseases include alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, the intake of hepatotoxic substances like aflatoxin, viral infection, and genetic determinants. Liver cancer is the sixth most prevalent cancer and the third in mortality (second in males). The low survival rate (less than 20% in 5 years) is partially explained by the late diagnosis, which remarks the need for new early molecular biomarkers. One-carbon metabolism integrates folate and methionine cycles and participates in essential cell processes such as redox homeostasis maintenance and the regulation of methylation reactions through the production of intermediate metabolites such as cysteine and S-Adenosylmethionine. One-carbon metabolism has a tissue specific configuration, and in the liver, the participating enzymes are abundantly expressed—a requirement to maintain hepatocyte differentiation. Targeted proteomics studies have revealed significant differences in hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis, suggesting that monitoring one-carbon metabolism enzymes can be useful for stratification of liver disease patients and to develop precision medicine strategies for their clinical management. Here, reprogramming of one-carbon metabolism in liver diseases is described and the role of mass spectrometry to follow-up these alterations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guerrero
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC. C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC. C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Corrales
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC. C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-585-46-96
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4
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Yang X, Huang T, Wang T, Gao H, Zhang H, Peng W, Zhao J, Hu S, Lu P, Hong Z, Li B, Deng K. MAT2A-Mediated S-Adenosylmethionine Level in CD4 + T Cells Regulates HIV-1 Latent Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:745784. [PMID: 34616406 PMCID: PMC8488394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral drugs effectively halt HIV-1 replication and disease progression, however, due to the presence of a stable viral latent reservoir, the infection cannot be cured by antiretroviral drugs alone. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-1 latent infection remains a critical hurdle that precludes the development of novel therapeutic strategies aiming for a potential functional cure. Cellular metabolism has been reported to affect HIV-1 replication in CD4+ T cells, but it remains largely unclear whether it is involved in the regulation of HIV-1 latency. Here, we performed a sub-pooled CRISPR library knockout screen targeting 1773 metabolic-related genes in a cell model of HIV-1 latent infection and found that Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) contributes to HIV-1 latency. MAT2A knockout enhanced the reactivation of latent HIV-1 while MAT2A overexpression did the opposite. Mechanistically, MAT2A modulates HIV-1 latency through S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM)-mediated one-carbon flux. MAT2A knockout resulted in a significant downregulation of DNA and histone methylation at the HIV-1 5’-LTR. Importantly, we found that the plasma level of SAM is positively correlated with HIV-1 DNA in PBMCs from ART-treated infected individuals, suggesting SAM could serve as a potential biomarker for the latent viral reservoir. Overall, this study reveals an important role of MAT2A-mediated one-carbon metabolism in regulating HIV-1 latency and provides a promising target for the development of new strategies for a functional cure of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiacong Zhao
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujing Hu
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Lu
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongsi Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Palombo V, Alharthi A, Batistel F, Parys C, Guyader J, Trevisi E, D'Andrea M, Loor JJ. Unique adaptations in neonatal hepatic transcriptome, nutrient signaling, and one-carbon metabolism in response to feeding ethyl cellulose rumen-protected methionine during late-gestation in Holstein cows. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:280. [PMID: 33865335 PMCID: PMC8053294 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methionine (Met) supply during late-pregnancy enhances fetal development in utero and leads to greater rates of growth during the neonatal period. Due to its central role in coordinating nutrient and one-carbon metabolism along with immune responses of the newborn, the liver could be a key target of the programming effects induced by dietary methyl donors such as Met. To address this hypothesis, liver biopsies from 4-day old calves (n = 6/group) born to Holstein cows fed a control or the control plus ethyl-cellulose rumen-protected Met for the last 28 days prepartum were used for DNA methylation, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome, and one-carbon metabolism enzyme activities. RESULTS Although greater withers and hip height at birth in Met calves indicated better development in utero, there were no differences in plasma systemic physiological indicators. RNA-seq along with bioinformatics and transcription factor regulator analyses revealed broad alterations in 'Glucose metabolism', 'Lipid metabolism, 'Glutathione', and 'Immune System' metabolism due to enhanced maternal Met supply. Greater insulin sensitivity assessed via proteomics, and efficiency of transsulfuration pathway activity suggested beneficial effects on nutrient metabolism and metabolic-related stress. Maternal Met supply contributed to greater phosphatidylcholine synthesis in calf liver, with a role in very low density lipoprotein secretion as a mechanism to balance metabolic fates of fatty acids arising from the diet or adipose-depot lipolysis. Despite a lack of effect on hepatic amino acid (AA) transport, a reduction in metabolism of essential AA within the liver indicated an AA 'sparing effect' induced by maternal Met. CONCLUSIONS Despite greater global DNA methylation, maternal Met supply resulted in distinct alterations of hepatic transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome profiles after birth. Data underscored an effect on maintenance of calf hepatic Met homeostasis, glutathione, phosphatidylcholine and taurine synthesis along with greater efficiency of nutrient metabolism and immune responses. Transcription regulators such as FOXO1, PPARG, E2F1, and CREB1 appeared central in the coordination of effects induced by maternal Met. Overall, maternal Met supply induced better immunometabolic status of the newborn liver, conferring the calf a physiologic advantage during a period of metabolic stress and suboptimal immunocompetence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Palombo
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Abdulrahman Alharthi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fernanda Batistel
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Claudia Parys
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Essen, Germany
| | - Jessie Guyader
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Essen, Germany
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Mariasilvia D'Andrea
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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6
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A novel delivery system for enhancing bioavailability of S-adenosyl-l-methionine: Pectin nanoparticles-in-microparticles and their in vitro - in vivo evaluation'. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Wang X, Liang F, Fan H, Wang Z, Gou X, Ning Y. Proteinase-activated receptor 2 promotes 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation through activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and MAT2A gene expression. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:468-475. [PMID: 32990471 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1817094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the function and mechanisms of PAR2 in preadipocyte differentiation. This study found that the expression level of PAR2 was increased during 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocyte differentiation towards adipocytes. In addition, PAR2 overexpression significantly stimulated the expression of adipogenic proteins including ACC1, PPARγ, and SREBF1. Moreover, PAR2 overexpression increased the content of triglyceride (TG) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Knockdown of PAR2 suppressed 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Mechanistically, PAR2 promoted 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and TG production through activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and MAT2A gene expression. The research sheds light on the adipogenic effects of PAR2 and its underlying mechanisms. Thus, PAR2 may have therapeutic significance for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- Nursing Department, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Fang Liang
- CPC Committee, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Nursing Department, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Gou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, China
| | - Yu Ning
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, China
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8
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Zhao Y, Feng F, Guo QH, Wang YP, Zhao R. Role of succinate dehydrogenase deficiency and oncometabolites in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:5074-5089. [PMID: 32982110 PMCID: PMC7495036 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i34.5074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. At the molecular level, GISTs can be categorized into two groups based on the causative oncogenic mutations. Approximately 85% of GISTs are caused by gain-of-function mutations in the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA). The remaining GISTs, referred to as wild-type (WT) GISTs, are often deficient in succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDH), a key metabolic enzyme complex in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain. SDH deficiency leads to the accumulation of succinate, a metabolite produced by the TCA cycle. Succinate inhibits α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family enzymes, which comprise approximately 60 members and regulate key aspects of tumorigenesis such as DNA and histone demethylation, hypoxia responses, and m6A mRNA modification. For this reason, succinate and metabolites with similar structures, such as D-2-hydroxyglutarate and fumarate, are considered oncometabolites. In this article, we review recent advances in the understanding of how metabolic enzyme mutations and oncometabolites drive human cancer with an emphasis on SDH mutations and succinate in WT GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qing-Hong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
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9
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Biological Effects of Korean Red Ginseng Polysaccharides in Aged Rat Using Global Proteomic Approach. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133019. [PMID: 32630349 PMCID: PMC7412055 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Much has been written on the physiological benefits of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG). Among its various components, ginsenosides have been widely investigated for their various pharmacological effects. However, polysaccharides are a major KRG component that has not received scrutiny similar to that of ginsenosides. The present study aims to fill that gap in the existing literature and to investigate the possible functions of polysaccharide in KRG. The researchers evaluated proteomic changes in non-saponin fractions with rich polysaccharides (NFP) in KRG. Based on the serum analysis, proteomics analysis of the liver and the spleen was additionally conducted to identify related functions. We validated the suggested functions of NFP with the galactosamine-induced liver injury model and the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression model. Then, we evaluated the antimetastatic potential of NFP in the lungs. Further proteomics analysis of the spleen and liver after ingestion confirmed functions related to immunity, cancer, hepatoprotection, and others. Then, we validated the suggested corresponding functions of the NFP in vivo model. NFP showed immune-enhancing effects, inhibited melanoma cell metastasis in the lung, and decreased liver damage. The results show that using the proteomic approach uncovers the potential effects of polysaccharides in KRG, which include enhancing the immune system and protecting the liver.
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10
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Mabasa L, Samodien E, Sangweni NF, Pheiffer C, Louw J, Johnson R. In Utero One-Carbon Metabolism Interplay and Metabolic Syndrome in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 64:e1900377. [PMID: 31408914 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The maternal obesogenic environment plays a role in programing the susceptibility of the fetus to postnatal non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). NAFLD is a multisystem disease that is characterized by hepatic fat accumulation due in part to dysregulated energy metabolism network through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. DNA methylation affects fetal programing and disease risk via regulation of gene transcription; it is affected by methyl donor nutrients such as vitamin B12 , methionine, folic acid, vitamin B6 , and choline. Although several studies have documented the role of several maternal methyl donor nutrients on obesity-induced NAFLD in offspring, currently, data are lacking on its impact on CVD risk as an endpoint. The aim of this paper is to use current knowledge to construct a postulation for the potential role of a comprehensive gestational methyl donor nutrients supplementary approach on the susceptibility of offspring to developing metabolic-syndrome-related cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mabasa
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ebrahim Samodien
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlakanipho F Sangweni
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.,Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.,Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Rabia Johnson
- South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.,Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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11
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Murray B, Barbier-Torres L, Fan W, Mato JM, Lu SC. Methionine adenosyltransferases in liver cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:4300-4319. [PMID: 31496615 PMCID: PMC6710175 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i31.4300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) are essential enzymes for life as they produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the biological methyl donor required for a plethora of reactions within the cell. Mammalian systems express two genes, MAT1A and MAT2A, which encode for MATα1 and MATα2, the catalytic subunits of the MAT isoenzymes, respectively. A third gene MAT2B, encodes a regulatory subunit known as MATβ which controls the activity of MATα2. MAT1A, which is mainly expressed in hepatocytes, maintains the differentiated state of these cells, whilst MAT2A and MAT2B are expressed in extrahepatic tissues as well as non-parenchymal cells of the liver (e.g., hepatic stellate and Kupffer cells). The biosynthesis of SAMe is impaired in patients with chronic liver disease and liver cancer due to decreased expression and inactivation of MATα1. A switch from MAT1A to MAT2A/MAT2B occurs in multiple liver diseases and during liver growth and dedifferentiation, but this change in the expression pattern of MATs results in reduced hepatic SAMe level. Decades of study have utilized the Mat1a-knockout (KO) mouse that spontaneously develops non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to elucidate a variety of mechanisms by which MAT proteins dysregulation contributes to liver carcinogenesis. An increasing volume of work indicates that MATs have SAMe-independent functions, distinct interactomes and multiple subcellular localizations. Here we aim to provide an overview of MAT biology including genes, isoenzymes and their regulation to provide the context for understanding consequences of their dysregulation. We will highlight recent breakthroughs in the field and underscore the importance of MAT’s in liver tumorigenesis as well as their potential as targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Murray
- Division of Digestive and Liver diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Lucia Barbier-Torres
- Division of Digestive and Liver diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Wei Fan
- Division of Digestive and Liver diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - José M Mato
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Shelly C Lu
- Division of Digestive and Liver diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
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12
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Zhao C, Wu H, Chen P, Yi B, Ma Y, Deng K. MAT2A/2B promote porcine intramuscular preadipocyte proliferation through ERK signaling pathway. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1278-1286. [PMID: 31293025 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content has been identified as a crucial factor of porcine meat quality. MAT2A and MAT2B coordinately catalyzes the synthesis of the major biological methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe). However, the regulatory effect of MAT2A and MAT2B on porcine intramuscular preadipocyte proliferation has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the effect of MAT2A and MAT2B and its potential mechanism during porcine intramuscular proliferation. We demonstrated that overexpression of MAT2A and MAT2B promoted the cell cycle progression of porcine preadipocyte by flow cytometry and EdU-labeling assay, as well as promoted the expression of cell cycle marker genes including Cyclin B, Cyclin D, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 4, but reduced the expression of cell cycle inhibitor P27. Consistently, knockdown of MAT2A and MAT2B inhibited cell cycle progression and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of the above genes. Furthermore, overexpression of MAT2A and MAT2B activated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of U0126 (a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor) on the ERK1/2 activities was partially recovered by overexpression of MAT2A and MAT2B in porcine intramuscular preadipocytes. Taken together, our findings suggested that MAT2A and MAT2B promote porcine preadipocyte proliferation by ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhen Zhao
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Haigang Wu
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Benchi Yi
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Kaiwei Deng
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry, Xinyang, Henan, China
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13
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Xu L, Shi L, Liu L, Liang R, Li Q, Li J, Han B, Sun D. Analysis of Liver Proteome and Identification of Critical Proteins Affecting Milk Fat, Protein, and Lactose Metabolism in Dariy Cattle with iTRAQ. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800387. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Xu
- Department of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Lin Liu
- Beijing Dairy Cattle Center Beijing 100192 China
| | - Ruobing Liang
- Department of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Animal Production and Environmental ControlCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyHebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Animal Production and Environmental ControlCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyHebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
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14
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Panmanee J, Bradley-Clarke J, Mato JM, O'Neill PM, Antonyuk SV, Hasnain SS. Control and regulation of S-Adenosylmethionine biosynthesis by the regulatory β subunit and quinolone-based compounds. FEBS J 2019; 286:2135-2154. [PMID: 30776190 PMCID: PMC6850014 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylation is an underpinning process of life and provides control for biological processes such as DNA synthesis, cell growth, and apoptosis. Methionine adenosyltransferases (MAT) produce the cellular methyl donor, S‐Adenosylmethionine (SAMe). Dysregulation of SAMe level is a relevant event in many diseases, including cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma and colon cancer. In addition, mutation of Arg264 in MATα1 causes isolated persistent hypermethioninemia, which is characterized by low activity of the enzyme in liver and high level of plasma methionine. In mammals, MATα1/α2 and MATβV1/V2 are the catalytic and the major form of regulatory subunits, respectively. A gating loop comprising residues 113–131 is located beside the active site of catalytic subunits (MATα1/α2) and provides controlled access to the active site. Here, we provide evidence of how the gating loop facilitates the catalysis and define some of the key elements that control the catalytic efficiency. Mutation of several residues of MATα2 including Gln113, Ser114, and Arg264 lead to partial or total loss of enzymatic activity, demonstrating their critical role in catalysis. The enzymatic activity of the mutated enzymes is restored to varying degrees upon complex formation with MATβV1 or MATβV2, endorsing its role as an allosteric regulator of MATα2 in response to the levels of methionine or SAMe. Finally, the protein–protein interacting surface formed in MATα2:MATβ complexes is explored to demonstrate that several quinolone‐based compounds modulate the activity of MATα2 and its mutants, providing a rational for chemical design/intervention responsive to the level of SAMe in the cellular environment. Enzymes Methionine adenosyltransferase (http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/5/1/6.html). Database Structural data are available in the RCSB PDB database under the PDB ID http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FBN (Q113A), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FBP (S114A: P22121), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FBO (S114A: I222), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FCB (P115G), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FCD (R264A), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6FAJ (wtMATα2: apo), http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/search/structidSearch.do?structureId=6G6R (wtMATα2: holo)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Panmanee
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Jack Bradley-Clarke
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Jose M Mato
- Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
| | - Paul M O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Svetlana V Antonyuk
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - S Samar Hasnain
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
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15
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Hepatic accumulation of S-adenosylmethionine in hamsters with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome under selenium and vitamin E deficiency. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:409-423. [PMID: 29122967 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is only partially explored due to the lack of preclinical models. In order to study the alterations in hepatic metabolism that accompany this condition, we developed a model of MetS accompanied by the onset of steatohepatitis (NASH) by challenging golden hamsters with a high-fat diet low in vitamin E and selenium (HFD), since combined deficiency results in hepatic necroinflammation in rodents. Metabolomics and transcriptomics integrated analyses of livers revealed an unexpected accumulation of hepatic S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) when compared with healthy livers likely due to diminished methylation reactions and repression of GNMT. SAM plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and cell cycle control. In agreement, analysis of over-represented transcription factors revealed a central role of c-myc and c-Jun pathways accompanied by negative correlations between SAM concentration, MYC expression and AMPK phosphorylation. These findings point to a drift of cell cycle control toward senescence in livers of HFD animals, which could explain the onset of NASH in this model. In contrast, hamsters with NAFLD induced by a conventional high-fat diet did not show SAM accumulation, suggesting a key role of selenium and vitamin E in SAM homeostasis. In conclusion, our results suggest that progression of NAFLD in the context of MetS can take place even in a situation of hepatic SAM excess and that selenium and vitamin E status might be considered in current therapies against NASH based on SAM supplementation.
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16
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Li Y, Wang Y, Wu P. 5'-Methylthioadenosine and Cancer: old molecules, new understanding. J Cancer 2019; 10:927-936. [PMID: 30854099 PMCID: PMC6400808 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While the metabolic changes in cancer tissues were first observed by Warburg Otto almost a century ago, altered metabolism has recently returned as a focus of cancer research. 5'-Methylthioadenosine (MTA) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing nucleoside found in numerous species. While MTA was first isolated several decades ago, a lack of sensitive and specific analytical methodologies designed for its direct quantification has hampered the study of its physiological and pathophysiological features. Many studies indicate that MTA suppresses tumors by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and the induction of apoptosis while controlling the inflammatory micro-environments of tumor tissue. In this review, we assessed the effects of MTA and of related materials on the growth and functions of normal and malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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17
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Zhou YF, Zhou Z, Batistel F, Martinez-Cortés I, Pate RT, Luchini DL, Loor JJ. Methionine and choline supply alter transmethylation, transsulfuration, and cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine pathways to different extents in isolated primary liver cells from dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:11384-11395. [PMID: 30316602 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient supply of Met and choline (Chol) around parturition could compromise hepatic metabolism and milk protein synthesis in dairy cows. Mechanistic responses associated with supply of Met or Chol in primary liver cells enriched with hepatocytes (PHEP) from cows have not been thoroughly ascertained. Objectives were to isolate and culture PHEP to examine abundance of genes and proteins related to transmethylation, transsulfuration, and cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) pathways in response to Met or Chol. The PHEP were isolated from liver biopsies of Holstein cows (160 d in lactation). More than 90% of isolated cells stained positively for the hepatocyte marker cytokeratin 18. Cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) mRNA abundance was only detectable in the PHEP and liver tissue compared with mammary tissue. Furthermore, in response to exogenous Met (80 μM vs. control) PHEP secreted greater amounts of albumin and urea. Subsequently, PHEP were cultured with Met (40 μM) or Chol (80 mg/dL) for 24 h. Compared with control or Chol, mRNA and protein abundance of methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) and phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase (PEMT) were greater in PHEP treated with Met. The mRNA abundance of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), and sarcosine dehydrogenase (SARDH) was greater in Met-treated PHEP compared with control or Chol. Compared with control, greater expression of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR), betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), and choline dehydrogenase (CHDH) was observed in cells supplemented with Met and Chol. However, Chol led to the greatest mRNA abundance of CHDH. Abundance of choline kinase α (CHKA), choline kinase β (CHKB), phosphate cytidylyltransferase 1 α (PCYT1A), and choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1) in the CDP-choline pathway was greater in PHEP treated with Chol compared with control or Met. In the transsulfuration pathway, mRNA and protein abundance of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) was greater in PHEP treated with Met compared with control or Chol. Similarly, abundance of cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit (GCLC), and glutathione reductase (GSR) was greater in response to Met compared with control or Chol. Overall, these findings suggest that transmethylation and transsulfuration in dairy cow primary liver cells are more responsive to Met supply, whereas the CDP-choline pathway is more responsive to Chol supply. The relevance of these data in vivo merit further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson 29634
| | - F Batistel
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - I Martinez-Cortés
- Department of Immunology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico 04510
| | - R T Pate
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | | | - J J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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18
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Ryan DP, Henzel KS, Pearson BL, Siwek ME, Papazoglou A, Guo L, Paesler K, Yu M, Müller R, Xie K, Schröder S, Becker L, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Neff F, Rácz I, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, Ehninger G, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Wolf E, Wurst W, Zimmer A, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabě de Angelis M, Sidiropoulou K, Weiergräber M, Zhou Y, Ehninger D. A paternal methyl donor-rich diet altered cognitive and neural functions in offspring mice. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1345-1355. [PMID: 28373690 PMCID: PMC5984088 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake of methyl donors, such as folic acid and methionine, shows considerable intra-individual variation in human populations. While it is recognized that maternal departures from the optimum of dietary methyl donor intake can increase the risk for mental health issues and neurological disorders in offspring, it has not been explored whether paternal dietary methyl donor intake influences behavioral and cognitive functions in the next generation. Here, we report that elevated paternal dietary methyl donor intake in a mouse model, transiently applied prior to mating, resulted in offspring animals (methyl donor-rich diet (MD) F1 mice) with deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity and reduced hippocampal theta oscillations. Gene expression analyses revealed altered expression of the methionine adenosyltransferase Mat2a and BK channel subunit Kcnmb2, which was associated with changes in Kcnmb2 promoter methylation in MD F1 mice. Hippocampal overexpression of Kcnmb2 in MD F1 mice ameliorated altered spatial learning and memory, supporting a role of this BK channel subunit in the MD F1 behavioral phenotype. Behavioral and gene expression changes did not extend into the F2 offspring generation. Together, our data indicate that paternal dietary factors influence cognitive and neural functions in the offspring generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Ryan
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - K S Henzel
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - B L Pearson
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - M E Siwek
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - A Papazoglou
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - L Guo
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - K Paesler
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - R Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Xie
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - S Schröder
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - L Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - L Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - S M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - F Neff
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - I Rácz
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Chair of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - G Ehninger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - T Klopstock
- Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - E Wolf
- Chair of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - W Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Technische Universität München, c/o Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Zimmer
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - V Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - K Sidiropoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklio, Greece
| | - M Weiergräber
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - D Ehninger
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, Bonn 53127, Germany. E-mail:
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19
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Tomasi ML, Ramani K, Ryoo M, Cossu C, Floris A, Murray BJ, Iglesias-Ara A, Spissu Y, Mavila N. SUMOylation regulates cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and activity in alcoholic liver disease. FASEB J 2018; 32:3278-3288. [PMID: 29401608 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701124r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol acts through numerous pathways leading to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1), an ethanol-inducible enzyme, metabolizes ethanol-producing toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is regulated at the posttranslational level. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation is a posttranslational modification that involves the addition of SUMOs, which modulate protein stability, activity, and localization. We demonstrated that ubiquitin-conjugation enzyme 9, the SUMO-conjugating enzyme, is induced in the livers of an intragastric ethanol mouse model. Our aim is to examine whether SUMOylation could regulate ethanol-induced CYP2E1 expression in ALD and to elucidate the molecular mechanism(s). CYP2E1 and UBC9 expression in vitro and in vivo was detected by real-time PCR and immunoblotting/immunostaining. SUMOylation was assayed by mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation. Ubc9 expression was induced in ethanol-fed mouse livers, and silencing inhibited ethanol-mediated CYP2E1 microsomal retention and enzymatic activity. CYP2E1 SUMOylation was found to be induced by ethanol in vitro and in vivo. Ubc9 silencing prevents ethanol-induced lipid accumulation and ROS production. UBC9 was highly expressed in human ALD livers. Finally, we found that lysine 410 is a key SUMOylated residue contributing to CYP2E1 protein stability and activity preventing CYP2E1 SUMOylation. Ethanol-mediated up-regulation of CYP2E1 via SUMOylation enhancing its protein stability and activity and may have important implications in ALD.-Tomasi, M. L., Ramani, K., Ryoo, M., Cossu, C., Floris, A., Murray, B. J., Iglesias-Ara, A., Spissu, Y., Mavila, N. SUMOylation regulates cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and activity in alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lauda Tomasi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Komal Ramani
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Minjung Ryoo
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carla Cossu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Floris
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ben J Murray
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ainhoa Iglesias-Ara
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nirmala Mavila
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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20
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Maldonado LY, Arsene D, Mato JM, Lu SC. Methionine adenosyltransferases in cancers: Mechanisms of dysregulation and implications for therapy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 243:107-117. [PMID: 29141455 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217740860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase genes encode enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine, the principal biological methyl donor and precursor of polyamines and glutathione. Mammalian cells express three genes - MAT1A, MAT2A, and MAT2B - with distinct expression and functions. MAT1A is mainly expressed in the liver and maintains the differentiated states of both hepatocytes and bile duct epithelial cells. Conversely, MAT2A and MAT2B are widely distributed in non-parenchymal cells of the liver and extrahepatic tissues. Increasing evidence suggests that methionine adenosyltransferases play significant roles in the development of cancers. Liver cancers, namely hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, involve dysregulation of all three methionine adenosyltransferase genes. MAT1A reduction is associated with increased oxidative stress, progenitor cell expansion, genomic instability, and other mechanisms implicated in tumorigenesis. MAT2A/MAT2B induction confers growth and survival advantage to cancerous cells, enhancing tumor migration. Highlighted examples from colon, gastric, breast, pancreas and prostate cancer studies further underscore methionine adenosyltransferase genes' role beyond the liver in cancer development. In this subset of extra-hepatic cancers, MAT2A and MAT2B are induced via different regulatory mechanisms. Understanding the role of methionine adenosyltransferase genes in tumorigenesis helps identify attributes of these genes that may serve as valuable targets for therapy. While S-adenosylmethionine, and its metabolite, methylthioadenosine, have been largely explored as therapeutic interventions, targets aimed at regulation of MAT gene expression and methionine adenosyltransferase protein-protein interactions are now surfacing as potential effective strategies for treatment and chemoprevention of cancers. Impact statement This review examines the role of methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) in human cancer development, with a particular focus on liver cancers in which all three MAT genes are implicated in tumorigenesis. An overview of MAT genes, isoenzymes and their regulation provide context for understanding consequences of dysregulation. Highlighting examples from liver, colon, gastric, breast, pancreas and prostate cancers underscore the importance of understanding MAT's tumorigenic role in identifying future targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Y Maldonado
- 1 Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Diana Arsene
- 2 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - José M Mato
- 3 CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain
| | - Shelly C Lu
- 4 Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, 22494 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, LA, CA 90048, USA
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MAT2A promotes porcine adipogenesis by mediating H3K27me3 at Wnt10b locus and repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1863:132-142. [PMID: 29133280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is a critical biological enzyme and that can catalyze L-met and ATP to form S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is acted as a biological methyl donor in transmethylation reactions involving histone methylation. However, the regulatory effect of methionine adenosyltransferase2A (MAT2A) and its associated methyltransferase activity on adipogenesis is still unclear. In this study, we investigate the effect of MAT2A on adipogenesis and its potential mechanism on histone methylation during porcine preadipocyte differentiation. We demonstrated that overexpression of MAT2A promoted lipid accumulation and significantly up-regulated the levels of adipogenic marker genes including PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and aP2. Whereas, knockdown of MAT2A or inhibition MATII enzyme activity inhibited lipid accumulation and down-regulated the expression of the above-mentioned genes. Mechanistic studies revealed that MAT2A interacted with histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Ezh2 and was recruited to Wnt10b promoter to repress its expression by promoting H3K27 methylation. Additionally, MAT2A interacted with MafK protein and was recruited to MARE element at Wnt10b gene. The catalytic activity of MAT2A as well as its interacting factor-MAT2B, was required for Wnt10b repression and supplying SAM for methyltransferases. Moreover, MAT2A suppressed Wnt10b expression and further inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote adipogenesis.
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Mora MI, Molina M, Odriozola L, Elortza F, Mato JM, Sitek B, Zhang P, He F, Latasa MU, Ávila MA, Corrales FJ. Prioritizing Popular Proteins in Liver Cancer: Remodelling One-Carbon Metabolism. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4506-4514. [PMID: 28944671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (HCC) is recognized as the fifth most common neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Most risk factors are known, and the molecular pathogenesis has been widely studied in the past decade; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be unveiled, as they will facilitate the definition of novel biomarkers and clinical targets for more effective patient management. We utilize the B/D-HPP popular protein strategy. We report a list of popular proteins that have been highly cocited with the expression "liver cancer". Several enzymes highlight the known metabolic remodeling of liver cancer cells, four of which participate in one-carbon metabolism. This pathway is central to the maintenance of differentiated hepatocytes, as it is considered the connection between intermediate metabolism and epigenetic regulation. We designed a targeted selective reaction monitoring (SRM) method to follow up one-carbon metabolism adaptation in mouse HCC and in regenerating liver following exposure to CCl4. This method allows systematic monitoring of one-carbon metabolism and could prove useful in the follow-up of HCC and of chronically liver-diseased patients (cirrhosis) at risk of HCC. The SRM data are available via ProteomeXchange in PASSEL (PASS01060).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Mora
- Proteomics Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra , ProteoRed-ISCIII, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuela Molina
- Proteomics Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra , ProteoRed-ISCIII, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leticia Odriozola
- Proteomics Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra , ProteoRed-ISCIII, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE , CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - José María Mato
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE , CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Barbara Sitek
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Pumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100039, China.,National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing) , Beijing 102206, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100039, China.,National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing) , Beijing 102206, China
| | - María Uxue Latasa
- Hepatology Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra , CIBERehd, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matías Antonio Ávila
- Hepatology Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra , CIBERehd, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando José Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC , Proteored-ISCIII, CIBERehd. 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Hao X, Zhou M, Li H, Angres IA. Novel immunoassays to detect methionine adenosyltransferase activity and quantify S-adenosylmethionine. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:1114-1125. [PMID: 28337758 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel real-time immunoassay to measure methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) activity that integrates the MAT-catalyzed reaction of Met and adenosine triphosphate to produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and a highly sensitive immunoassay to specifically quantify SAM simultaneously. The cellular localization of SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine varies with cell proliferation status: in normal cells, they are found mostly in the cytoplasm, but localize to the nucleus in proliferating cells. MAT-I/III activity is stimulated by Met, but inhibited by S-nitrosoglutathione, and the methylation index (MI) increases after Met stimulation of L02 cells. Met and S-nitrosoglutathione inhibit MAT-II activity, and the MI decreases after Met stimulation of HepG2 cells. The method described provides a significant advancement in the field for the measurement of MAT activity under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Zhou
- Hunan SkyWorld Biotechnologies Co. Ltd., Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Hunan SkyWorld Biotechnologies Co. Ltd., Hunan, China
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Jacometo C, Zhou Z, Luchini D, Corrêa M, Loor J. Maternal supplementation with rumen-protected methionine increases prepartal plasma methionine concentration and alters hepatic mRNA abundance of 1-carbon, methionine, and transsulfuration pathways in neonatal Holstein calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3209-3219. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhang Q, Bertics SJ, Luchini N, White HM. The effect of increasing concentrations of dl-methionine and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid on hepatic genes controlling methionine regeneration and gluconeogenesis. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:8451-8460. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bigaud E, Corrales FJ. Methylthioadenosine (MTA) Regulates Liver Cells Proteome and Methylproteome: Implications in Liver Biology and Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:1498-510. [PMID: 26819315 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.055772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), a key enzyme in the adenine and methionine salvage pathways, catalyzes the hydrolysis of methylthioadenosine (MTA), a compound suggested to affect pivotal cellular processes in part through the regulation of protein methylation. MTAP is expressed in a wide range of cell types and tissues, and its deletion is common to cancer cells and in liver injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the proteome and methyl proteome alterations triggered by MTAP deficiency in liver cells to define novel regulatory mechanisms that may explain the pathogenic processes of liver diseases. iTRAQ analysis resulted in the identification of 216 differential proteins (p < 0.05) that suggest deregulation of cellular pathways as those mediated by ERK or NFκB. R-methyl proteome analysis led to the identification of 74 differentially methylated proteins between SK-Hep1 and SK-Hep1+ cells, including 116 new methylation sites. Restoring normal MTA levels in SK-Hep1+ cells parallels the specific methylation of 56 proteins, including KRT8, TGF, and CTF8A, which provides a novel regulatory mechanism of their activity with potential implications in carcinogenesis. Inhibition of RNA-binding proteins methylation is especially relevant upon accumulation of MTA. As an example, methylation of quaking protein in Arg(242) and Arg(256) in SK-Hep1+ cells may play a pivotal role in the regulation of its activity as indicated by the up-regulation of its target protein p27(kip1) The phenotype associated with a MTAP deficiency was further verified in the liver of MTAP± mice. Our data support that MTAP deficiency leads to MTA accumulation and deregulation of central cellular pathways, increasing proliferation and decreasing the susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drugs, which involves differential protein methylation. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002957 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/projects/PXD002957).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Bigaud
- From the §Department of Hepatology, Proteomics Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra; CIBERehd; IDISNA, Pamplona, 31008 Spain
| | - Fernando J Corrales
- From the §Department of Hepatology, Proteomics Laboratory, CIMA, University of Navarra; CIBERehd; IDISNA, Pamplona, 31008 Spain
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Monson MS, Cardona CJ, Coulombe RA, Reed KM. Hepatic Transcriptome Responses of Domesticated and Wild Turkey Embryos to Aflatoxin B₁. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8010016. [PMID: 26751476 PMCID: PMC4728538 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycotoxin, aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is a hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, and mutagenic contaminant of food and animal feeds. In poultry, AFB₁ can be maternally transferred to embryonated eggs, affecting development, viability and performance after hatch. Domesticated turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) are especially sensitive to aflatoxicosis, while Eastern wild turkeys (M. g. silvestris) are likely more resistant. In ovo exposure provided a controlled AFB₁ challenge and comparison of domesticated and wild turkeys. Gene expression responses to AFB₁ in the embryonic hepatic transcriptome were examined using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Eggs were injected with AFB₁ (1 μg) or sham control and dissected for liver tissue after 1 day or 5 days of exposure. Libraries from domesticated turkey (n = 24) and wild turkey (n = 15) produced 89.2 Gb of sequence. Approximately 670 M reads were mapped to a turkey gene set. Differential expression analysis identified 1535 significant genes with |log₂ fold change| ≥ 1.0 in at least one pair-wise comparison. AFB₁ effects were dependent on exposure time and turkey type, occurred more rapidly in domesticated turkeys, and led to notable up-regulation in cell cycle regulators, NRF2-mediated response genes and coagulation factors. Further investigation of NRF2-response genes may identify targets to improve poultry resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Monson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Carol J Cardona
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Roger A Coulombe
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | - Kent M Reed
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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Berasain C, Avila MA. Regulation of hepatocyte identity and quiescence. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3831-51. [PMID: 26089250 PMCID: PMC11114060 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a highly differentiated organ with a central role in metabolism, detoxification and systemic homeostasis. To perform its multiple tasks, liver parenchymal cells, the hepatocytes, express a large complement of enabling genes defining their complex phenotype. This phenotype is progressively acquired during fetal development and needs to be maintained in adulthood to guarantee the individual's survival. Upon injury or loss of functional mass, the liver displays an extraordinary regenerative response, mainly based on the proliferation of hepatocytes which otherwise are long-lived quiescent cells. Increasing observations suggest that loss of hepatocellular differentiation and quiescence underlie liver malfunction in chronic liver disease and pave the way for hepatocellular carcinoma development. Here, we briefly review the essential mechanisms leading to the acquisition of liver maturity. We also identify the key molecular factors involved in the preservation of hepatocellular homeostasis and finally discuss potential strategies to preserve liver identity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Berasain
- Division of Hepatology, CIMA, University of Navarra, CIBEREHD, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Avda. Pio XII, n55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Matías A Avila
- Division of Hepatology, CIMA, University of Navarra, CIBEREHD, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Avda. Pio XII, n55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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Osorio J, Ji P, Drackley J, Luchini D, Loor J. Smartamine M and MetaSmart supplementation during the peripartal period alter hepatic expression of gene networks in 1-carbon metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and the growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor 1 axis pathways. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7451-64. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bing Y, Zhu S, Yu G, Li T, Liu W, Li C, Wang Y, Qi H, Guo T, Yuan Y, He Y, Liu Z, Liu Q. Glucocorticoid-induced S-adenosylmethionine enhances the interferon signaling pathway by restoring STAT1 protein methylation in hepatitis B virus-infected cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:32639-55. [PMID: 25271158 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.589689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic hepatitis B usually exhibit a low response to treatment with interferon α (IFN-α). An alternative approach to increase the response rate of IFN-α might be to immunologically stimulate the host with glucocorticoids (GCs) before treatment with IFN-α, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We hypothesized that the GCs enhance IFN signaling by inducing S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) when hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication was effectively suppressed by IFN-α. Here, we investigated the effect of GCs and IFN-α on AdoMet production and methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) expression in vitro. Furthermore, we determined whether post-transcriptional regulation is involved in HBV-repressed MAT1A expression and AdoMet production induced by dexamethasone (Dex). We found that AdoMet homeostasis was disrupted by Dex and that Dex directly regulated MAT1A expression by enhancing the binding of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to the glucocorticoid-response element (GRE) of the MAT1A promoter. HBV reduced AdoMet production by increasing methylation at GRE sites within the MAT1A promoter. The X protein of hepatitis B virus led to hypermethylation in the MAT1A promoter by recruiting DNA methyltransferase 1, and it inhibited GR binding to the GRE in the MAT1A promoter. Dex could increase an antiviral effect by inducing AdoMet production via a positive feedback loop when HBV is effectively suppressed by IFN-α, and the mechanism that involves Dex-induced AdoMet could increase STAT1 methylation rather than STAT1 phosphorylation. These findings provide a possible mechanism by which GC-induced AdoMet enhances the antiviral activity of IFN-α by restoring STAT1 methylation in HBV-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Bing
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Siying Zhu
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guozheng Yu
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ting Li
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Weijun Liu
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Changsheng Li
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haolong Qi
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tao Guo
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yueming He
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhisu Liu
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Quanyan Liu
- From the Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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A genome-wide small interfering RNA screen identifies host factors required for vesicular stomatitis virus infection. J Virol 2014; 88:8355-60. [PMID: 24829348 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00642-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Viruses are dependent on their host cells for replication and thus have evolved in intimate association with them. The identification of host factors required for viral infection has led to advances in both viral and cellular biology. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a negative-sense RNA virus, replicates in all eukaryotic cells in culture, suggesting that the host requirements for its replication are ubiquitous. In this study, we performed a genome-wide small interfering RNA screen of human cells in culture and identified multiple cellular genes that influence the entry and replication of VSV. From a list of >300 genes, we selected the most promising candidates to perform further analysis to assign their functions to either the entry or intracellular replication step of infection. We implicate 3 new factors in VSV entry and 20 new factors in viral gene expression. These proteins have diverse cellular roles, including S-adenosylmethionine synthesis, respiration, and host translation machinery, underscoring the intimate relationship between VSV and the host cell. Together, these results provide a curated list of genes required for VSV replication. IMPORTANCE Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has long served as a model for understanding host-virus interactions and neuropathogenesis. We performed a genome-wide analysis of host factors and revealed genes critical for viral replication, including some involved in vesicular trafficking, cell cycling, and protein modification. Our results provide an enriched list of host factors that are required for specific stages of VSV entry and gene expression. This study may also potentially expand the repertoire of targets for antiviral therapy against negative-strand RNA viruses.
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Tivers MS, Lipscomb VJ, Smith KC, Wheeler-Jones CP, House AK. Markers of hepatic regeneration associated with surgical attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs. Vet J 2014; 200:305-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wang X, Guo X, Yu W, Li C, Gui Y, Cai Z. Expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A in renal cell carcinomas and potential mechanism for kidney carcinogenesis. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:196. [PMID: 24636201 PMCID: PMC4003826 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) by joining methionine and ATP. SAMe is a methyl donor for transmethylation and has an important role for DNA and/or protein methylation. MAT2A is expressed widely in many tissues especially in kidney. Several studies have demonstrated that there are abnormal expressions of MAT2A in several kinds of cancers such as liver and colon cancers. But the relationship of MAT2A between renal cell carcinomas (RCC) is less understood. Methods The mRNA expression level of the MAT2A gene was determined in 24 RCC patients and 4 RCC cell lines, using real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The MAT2A protein content was measured by western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis in 55 RCC patients. The mRNA levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were also analysized in patients using RT-PCR. The correlations between the MAT2A and HO-1 as well as COX-2 were analyzed with nonparametric Spearman method. Results MAT2A transcript was significantly downregulated in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting indicated that level of MAT2A protein was decreased in cancer tissues. The statistical analysis reveals a negative correlation between MAT2A and HO-1 expression in RCC patients and cell lines (P < 0.01). Conclusions This study demonstrated that MAT2A was lower expression in cancer tissues, suggesting that it may be involved in the development of RCC. MAT2A is a transcriptional corepressor for HO-1 expression by supplying SAM for methyltransferases, which may be one of potential mechanism of MAT2A as tumor suppressor in kidney carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhiming Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang J, Gong C, Bing Y, Li T, Liu Z, Liu Q. Hypermethylation-repressed methionine adenosyltransferase 1A as a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2013; 43:374-83. [PMID: 23072598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.01099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) is inactivated in HCC and may be stimulated by an epigenetic change involving promoter hypermethylation in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the possible clinical impact and prognosis of this inactivation have not been investigated. METHODS We studied the methylation status of the CpG sites in the promoter region and the mRNA and protein expression of MAT1A in HCC and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry techniques. RESULTS MAT1A promoter methylation was significantly higher in HCC than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues (P < 0.0001). Bisulfite sequencing showed that the four CpG sites were hypermethylated in HCC while hypomethylation was found in the corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, MAT1A methylation was significantly associated with protein expression (P = 0.022). Low expression of MAT1A was correlated with larger tumor size, higher tumor-node-metastasis stage, positive hepatitis B surface antigen status and high α-fetoprotein (AFP) serum levels (P < 0.05). MAT1A promoter methylation was also correlated with high AFP serum level (P < 0.05). In univariate survival analysis, low expression of MAT1A was significantly associated with shortened patient survival (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in multivariate analysis, MAT1A expression was found as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION Our observations suggest that hypermethylation of the MAT1A promoter may be one of the events in the development of HCC. Low expression of MAT1A is likely involved in the progression of the tumor and was found to be an independent factor for poor prognosis of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Anstee QM, Day CP. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) therapy in liver disease: a review of current evidence and clinical utility. J Hepatol 2012; 57:1097-109. [PMID: 22659519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe; AdoMet) is an important, metabolically pleiotropic molecule that participates in multiple cellular reactions as the precursor for the synthesis of glutathione and principle methyl donor required for methylation of nucleic acids, phospholipids, histones, biogenic amines, and proteins. SAMe synthesis is depressed in chronic liver disease and so there has been considerable interest in the utility of SAMe to ameliorate disease severity. Despite encouraging pre-clinical data confirming that SAMe depletion can exacerbate liver injury and supporting a hepatoprotective role for SAMe therapy, to date no large, high-quality randomised clinical trials have been performed that establish clinical utility in specific disease states. Here, we offer an in-depth review of the published scientific literature relating to the physiological and pathophysiological roles of SAMe and its therapeutic use in liver disease, critically assessing implications for clinical practice and offering recommendations for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin M Anstee
- Liver Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet, also known as SAM and SAMe) is the principal biological methyl donor synthesized in all mammalian cells but most abundantly in the liver. Biosynthesis of AdoMet requires the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT). In mammals, two genes, MAT1A that is largely expressed by normal liver and MAT2A that is expressed by all extrahepatic tissues, encode MAT. Patients with chronic liver disease have reduced MAT activity and AdoMet levels. Mice lacking Mat1a have reduced hepatic AdoMet levels and develop oxidative stress, steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In these mice, several signaling pathways are abnormal that can contribute to HCC formation. However, injury and HCC also occur if hepatic AdoMet level is excessive chronically. This can result from inactive mutation of the enzyme glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT). Children with GNMT mutation have elevated liver transaminases, and Gnmt knockout mice develop liver injury, fibrosis, and HCC. Thus a normal hepatic AdoMet level is necessary to maintain liver health and prevent injury and HCC. AdoMet is effective in cholestasis of pregnancy, and its role in other human liver diseases remains to be better defined. In experimental models, it is effective as a chemopreventive agent in HCC and perhaps other forms of cancer as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly C Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
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Schröder PC, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Bigaud E, Serna A, Renández-Alcoceba R, Lu SC, Mato JM, Prieto J, Corrales FJ. Proteomic analysis of human hepatoma cells expressing methionine adenosyltransferase I/III: Characterization of DDX3X as a target of S-adenosylmethionine. J Proteomics 2012; 75:2855-68. [PMID: 22270009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase I/III (MATI/III) synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in quiescent hepatocytes. Its activity is compromised in most liver diseases including liver cancer. Since SAM is a driver of hepatocytes fate we have studied the effect of re-expressing MAT1A in hepatoma Huh7 cells using proteomics. MAT1A expression leads to SAM levels close to those found in quiescent hepatocytes and induced apoptosis. Normalization of intracellular SAM induced alteration of 128 proteins identified by 2D-DIGE and gel-free methods, accounting for deregulation of central cellular functions including apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival. Human Dead-box protein 3 (DDX3X), a RNA helicase regulating RNA splicing, export, transcription and translation was down-regulated upon MAT1A expression. Our data support the regulation of DDX3X levels by SAM in a concentration and time dependent manner. Consistently, DDX3X arises as a primary target of SAM and a principal intermediate of its antitumoral effect. Based on the parallelism between SAM and DDX3X along the progression of liver disorders, and the results reported here, it is tempting to suggest that reduced SAM in the liver may lead to DDX3X up-regulation contributing to the pathogenic process and that replenishment of SAM might prove to have beneficial effects, at least in part by reducing DDX3X levels. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics: The clinical link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Schröder
- Division of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, CIMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Gomez-Santos L, Vazquez-Chantada M, Mato JM, Martinez-Chantar ML. SAMe and HuR in liver physiology: usefulness of stem cells in hepatic differentiation research. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 826:133-49. [PMID: 22167646 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-468-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
S-Adenosylmethionine, abbreviated as SAM, SAMe or AdoMet, is the principal methyl group donor in the mammalian cell and the first step metabolite of the methionine cycle, being synthesized by MAT (methionine adenosyltransferase) from methionine and ATP. About 60 years after its identification, SAMe is admitted as a key hepatic regulator whose level needs to be maintained within a specific range in order to avoid liver damage. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the regulatory role of SAMe in HGF (hepatocyte growth factor)-mediated hepatocyte proliferation through a mechanism that implicates the activation of the non-canonical LKB1/AMPK/eNOS cascade and HuR function. Regarding hepatic differentiation, cellular SAMe content varies depending on the status of the cell, being lower in immature than in adult hepatocytes. This finding suggests a SAMe regulatory effect also in this cellular process, which very recently was reported and related to HuR activity. Although in the last years this and other discoveries contributed to throw light into the tangle of regulatory mechanisms that govern this complex process, an overall understanding is still a challenge. For this purpose, the in vitro hepatic differentiation culture systems by using stem cells or fetal hepatoblasts are considered as valuable tools which, in combination with the methods used in current days to elucidate cell signaling pathways, surely will help to clear up this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gomez-Santos
- Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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Liu Q, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang D, Chen J, He Y, Wu J, Zhang Z, Liu Z. Hypoxia induces genomic DNA demethylation through the activation of HIF-1α and transcriptional upregulation of MAT2A in hepatoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:1113-23. [PMID: 21460102 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) emerges as a crucial player in tumor progression. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially its relation with global DNA methylation patterns in HCC under hypoxic tumor microenvironment is not completely understood. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) maintains the homeostasis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a critical marker of genomic methylation status. In this study, we investigated the link between HIF-1α and MAT2A as a mechanism responsible for the change in genomic DNA methylation patterns in liver cancer under hypoxia conditions. Our results showed that hypoxia induces genomic DNA demethylation in CpG islands by reducing the steady-state SAM level both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, HIF-1α and MAT2A expression is correlated with tumor size and TNM stage of liver cancer tissues. We further showed that hypoxia-induced MAT2A expression is HIF-1α dependent and requires the recruitment of p300 and HDAC1. We also identified an authentic consensus HIF-1α binding site in MAT2A promoter by site-directed mutagenesis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Taken together, we show for the first time that hypoxia induces genomic DNA demethylation through the activation of HIF-1α and transcriptional upregulation of MAT2A in hepatoma cells. These findings provide new insights into our understanding of the molecular link between genomic DNA methylation and tumor hypoxia in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Liu Q, Chen J, Liu L, Zhang J, Wang D, Ma L, He Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Wu J. The X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits apoptosis in hepatoma cells through enhancing the methionine adenosyltransferase 2A gene expression and reducing S-adenosylmethionine production. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:17168-80. [PMID: 21247894 PMCID: PMC3089560 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.167783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The X protein (HBx) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) promotes the growth of liver cancer cells through altering S-adenosylmethionine homeostasis. Thus, we speculated that a link between HBx and MAT2A may contribute to HCC development. In this study, the effects of HBx on MAT2A expression and cell apoptosis were investigated, and the molecular mechanism by which HBx and MAT2A regulate tumorigenesis was evaluated. Results from immunohistochemistry analyses of 37 pairs of HBV-associated liver cancer tissues/corresponding peritumor tissues showed that HBx and MAT2A are highly expressed in most liver tumor tissues. Our in vitro results revealed that HBx activates MAT2A expression in a dose-dependent manner in hepatoma cells, and such regulation requires the cis-regulatory elements NF-κB and CREB on the MAT2A gene promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) further demonstrated that HBx facilitates the binding of NF-κB and CREB to MAT2A gene promoter. In addition, overexpression of HBx or MAT2A inhibits cell apoptosis, whereas knockdown of MAT2A expression stimulates apoptosis in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HBx reduces MAT1A expression and AdoMet production but enhances MAT2β expression. Thus, we proposed that HBx activates MAT2A expression through NF-κB and CREB signaling pathways to reduce AdoMet production, inhibit hepatoma cell apoptosis, and perhaps enhance HCC development. These findings should provide new insights into our understanding how the molecular mechanisms underline the effects of HBV infection on the production of MAT2A and the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan 430071, China
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Yamaji S, Droggiti A, Lu SC, Martinez-Chantar ML, Warner A, Varela-Rey M. S-Adenosylmethionine regulates connexins sub-types expressed by hepatocytes. Eur J Cell Biol 2010; 90:312-22. [PMID: 21093098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication via GAP Junctions plays an important role in tissue homeostasis, apoptosis, carcinogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Hepatocyte connexins (Cx) 26 and 32 levels are decreased during the de-differentiation process of primary hepatocytes in culture, a situation that is also characterized by a decrease in S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) levels. In this current study, we show that SAMe supplementation in cultured hepatocytes every 12h, leads to an up-regulation of Cx26 and 32 mRNA and protein levels and blocks culture-induced Cx43 expression, although it failed to increase Cx26 and 32 membrane localization and GAP junction intracellular communication. SAMe reduced nuclear β-catenin accumulation, which is known to stimulate the TCF/LEF-dependent gene transcription of Cx43. Moreover SAMe-induced reduction in Cx43 and β-catenin was prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132, and was not mediated by GSK3 activity. SAMe, and its metabolite 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) increased Cx26 mRNA in a process partially mediated by Adenosine A(2A) receptors but independent of PKA. Finally livers from MAT1A knockout mice, characterized by low hepatic SAMe levels, express higher Cx43 and lower Cx26 and 32 protein levels than control mice. These results suggest that SAMe maintains a characteristic expression pattern of the different Cxs in hepatocytes by differentially regulating their levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Yamaji
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology (formerly Anatomy and Developmental Biology), University College London, London, UK
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Dever JT, Elfarra AA. The biochemical and toxicological significance of hypermethionemia: new insights and clinical relevance. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2010; 6:1333-46. [PMID: 20874374 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2010.522177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Disrupted l-methionine (Met) metabolism can lead to hepatic, neurological and cardiovascular dysfunction in humans. Aberrant methyl group flux likely contributes to the development of these pathologies, but when patients also become hypermethionemic, additional toxicological mechanisms may be relevant. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW Following a discussion of the causes of hypermethionemia in humans, evidence for the toxicological roles and clinical significance of the Met transmethylation (TM), transamination (TA) and sulfoxidation (SO) pathways will be presented. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN Recent data from freshly isolated mouse hepatocytes (FIMHs) confirmed previous in vivo results in rodents that Met TM is a detoxification pathway while Met TA leads to toxicity. Gender-related differences in Met accumulation and metabolism in FIMHs correlated with gender differences in toxicity. Data obtained from FIMHs also implicated Met SO in Met metabolism and toxicity. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms and biological significance of Met sulfoxidation in humans. TAKE HOME MESSAGE In hypermethionemic patients, clinical and dietary interventions should focus on increasing Met TM and decreasing Met TA and SO. Novel biomarkers of hypermethionemia in humans that correlate with pathological end points are needed to better understand the impact of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Dever
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Tomasi ML, Ramani K, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Rodríguez MS, Li TWH, Ko K, Yang H, Bardag-Gorce F, Iglesias-Ara A, Feo F, Pascale MR, Mato JM, Lu SC. S-adenosylmethionine regulates dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase expression in mouse and human hepatocytes. Hepatology 2010; 51:2152-61. [PMID: 20196119 PMCID: PMC2905543 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Increased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity correlates with a more malignant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) phenotype. There is a reciprocal regulation between p44/42 MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK]1/2) and the dual-specificity MAPK phosphatase MKP-1/DUSP1. ERK phosphorylates DUSP1, facilitating its proteasomal degradation, whereas DUSP1 inhibits ERK activity. Methionine adenosyltransferase 1a (Mat1a) knockout (KO) mice express hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) deficiency and increased ERK activity and develop HCC. The aim of this study was to examine whether DUSP1 expression is regulated by SAM and if so, elucidate the molecular mechanisms. Studies were conducted using Mat1a KO mice livers, cultured mouse and human hepatocytes, and 20S and 26S proteasomes. DUSP1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels were reduced markedly in livers of Mat1a KO mice and in cultured mouse and human hepatocytes with protein falling to lower levels than mRNA. SAM treatment protected against the fall in DUSP1 mRNA and protein levels in mouse and human hepatocytes. SAM increased DUSP1 transcription, p53 binding to DUSP1 promoter, and stability of its mRNA and protein. Proteasomal chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like activities were increased in Mat1a KO livers and cultured hepatocytes, which was blocked by SAM treatment. SAM inhibited chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like activities by 40% and 70%, respectively, in 20S proteasomes and caused rapid degradation of some of the 26S proteasomal subunits, which was blocked by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. SAM treatment in Mat1a KO mice for 7 days raised SAM, DUSP1, mRNA and protein levels and lowered proteosomal and ERK activities. CONCLUSION DUSP1 mRNA and protein levels are lower in Mat1a KO livers and fall rapidly in cultured hepatocytes. SAM treatment increases DUSP1 expression through multiple mechanisms, and this may suppress ERK activity and malignant degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lauda Tomasi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA,Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Komal Ramani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Cooperative Research Center in Biosciences, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Manuel S. Rodríguez
- Cooperative Research Center in Biosciences, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,Biochemistry Department, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Tony W. H. Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kwangsuk Ko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Heping Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Ainhoa Iglesias-Ara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Francesco Feo
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Pascale
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - José M. Mato
- Cooperative Research Center in Biosciences, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, The Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic and Pancreatic Diseases & Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Vázquez-Chantada M, Fernández-Ramos D, Embade N, Martínez-Lopez N, Varela-Rey M, Woodhoo A, Luka Z, Wagner C, Anglim PP, Finnell RH, Caballería J, Laird-Offringa IA, Gorospe M, Lu SC, Mato JM, Martínez-Chantar ML. HuR/methyl-HuR and AUF1 regulate the MAT expressed during liver proliferation, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:1943-53. [PMID: 20102719 PMCID: PMC2860011 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic de-differentiation, liver development, and malignant transformation are processes in which the levels of hepatic S-adenosylmethionine are tightly regulated by 2 genes: methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A). MAT1A is expressed in the adult liver, whereas MAT2A expression primarily is extrahepatic and is associated strongly with liver proliferation. The mechanisms that regulate these expression patterns are not completely understood. METHODS In silico analysis of the 3' untranslated region of MAT1A and MAT2A revealed putative binding sites for the RNA-binding proteins AU-rich RNA binding factor 1 (AUF1) and HuR, respectively. We investigated the posttranscriptional regulation of MAT1A and MAT2A by AUF1, HuR, and methyl-HuR in the aforementioned biological processes. RESULTS During hepatic de-differentiation, the switch between MAT1A and MAT2A coincided with an increase in HuR and AUF1 expression. S-adenosylmethionine treatment altered this homeostasis by shifting the balance of AUF1 and methyl-HuR/HuR, which was identified as an inhibitor of MAT2A messenger RNA (mRNA) stability. We also observed a similar temporal distribution and a functional link between HuR, methyl-HuR, AUF1, and MAT1A and MAT2A during fetal liver development. Immunofluorescent analysis revealed increased levels of HuR and AUF1, and a decrease in methyl-HuR levels in human livers with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CONCLUSIONS Our data strongly support a role for AUF1 and HuR/methyl-HuR in liver de-differentiation, development, and human HCC progression through the posttranslational regulation of MAT1A and MAT2A mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vázquez-Chantada
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nieves Embade
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nuria Martínez-Lopez
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ashwin Woodhoo
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Zigmund Luka
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Conrad Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA, Tennessee Valley Department of Medical Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul P. Anglim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9176, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Ite A. Laird-Offringa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9176, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Shelly C Lu
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - José M Mato
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - M Luz Martínez-Chantar
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160-Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle which co-ordinates protein folding, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage and release. Perturbations that disrupt ER homeostasis lead to ER stress and upregulation of a signaling pathway called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR while robust in young animals appears to be compromised with aging; many of the components of the UPR have decreased expression and activity with age. There is also considerable evidence of oxidative damage. There are suggestions that an impaired UPR may contribute to the acceleration of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirinjini Naidoo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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47
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TOMASI MARIALAUDA, IGLESIAS–ARA AINHOA, YANG HEPING, RAMANI KOMAL, FEO FRANCESCO, PASCALE MARIAROSA, MARTÍNEZ–CHANTAR MLUZ, MATO JOSÉM, LU SHELLYC. S-adenosylmethionine regulates apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 stability: implication in hepatocarcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2009; 136:1025-36. [PMID: 18983843 PMCID: PMC3600984 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Genomic instability participates in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1) participates in the base excision repair of premutagenic apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites. Mice deficient in methionine adenosyltransferase 1a (Mat1a KO) have chronic hepatic deficiency of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and increased oxidative stress, and develop HCC. We examined livers of Mat1a KO mice for genomic instability and dysregulation of APEX1. METHODS Studies were conducted using Mat1a KO mice livers and cultured mouse and human hepatocytes. RESULTS Genomic instability increased in the livers of 1-month-old Mat1a KO mice, compared with wild-type mice, whereas Apex1 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by 20% and 50%, respectively, in Mat1a KO mice of all ages. These changes correlated with increased numbers of AP sites and reduced expression of Bax, Fas, and p21 (all APEX targets). When human and mouse hepatocytes were placed in culture, transcription of MAT1A mRNA decreased whereas that of APEX1 and c-MYC increased. However, the protein levels of APEX1 decreased to 60% of baseline. Addition of 2 mmol/L SAMe prevented increases in APEX1 and c-MYC mRNA levels, as well as decreases in MAT1A expression and cytosolic and nuclear APEX1 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS By 1 month of age, genomic instability increases in livers of Mat1a KO mice, possibly due to reduced APEX1 levels. Although SAMe inhibits APEX1 transcription, it stabilizes the APEX1 protein. This novel aspect of SAMe on APEX1 regulation might explain the chemopreventive action of SAMe and the reason that chronic SAMe deficiency predisposes to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- MARIA LAUDA TOMASI
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC-UCLA Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - AINHOA IGLESIAS–ARA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC-UCLA Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - HEPING YANG
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC-UCLA Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - KOMAL RAMANI
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC-UCLA Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - FRANCESCO FEO
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - MARIA ROSA PASCALE
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - M. LUZ MARTÍNEZ–CHANTAR
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - JOSÉ M. MATO
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - SHELLY C. LU
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC-UCLA Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California
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Noll C, Hamelet J, Ducros V, Belin N, Paul JL, Delabar JM, Janel N. Resveratrol supplementation worsen the dysregulation of genes involved in hepatic lipid homeostasis observed in hyperhomocysteinemic mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:230-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Attia RR, Gardner LA, Mahrous E, Taxman DJ, Legros L, Rowe S, Ting JPY, Geller A, Kotb M. Selective targeting of leukemic cell growth in vivo and in vitro using a gene silencing approach to diminish S-adenosylmethionine synthesis. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:30788-95. [PMID: 18753136 PMCID: PMC2576526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m804159200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We exploited the fact that leukemic cells utilize significantly higher levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) than normal lymphocytes and developed tools that selectively diminished their survival under physiologic conditions. Using RNA interference gene silencing technology, we modulated the kinetics of methionine adenosyltransferase-II (MAT-II), which catalyzes SAMe synthesis from ATP and l-Met. Specifically, we silenced the expression of the regulatory MAT-IIbeta subunit in Jurkat cells and accordingly shifted the K(m L-Met) of the enzyme 10-15-fold above the physiologic levels of l-Met, thereby reducing enzyme activity and SAMe pools, inducing excessive apoptosis and diminishing leukemic cell growth in vitro and in vivo. These effects were reversed at unphysiologically high l-Met (>50 microm), indicating that diminished leukemic cell growth at physiologic l-Met levels was a direct result of the increase in MAT-II K(m L-Met) due to MAT-IIbeta ablation and the consequent reduction in SAMe synthesis. In our NOD/Scid IL-2Rgamma(null) humanized mouse model of leukemia, control shRNA-transduced Jurkat cells exhibited heightened engraftment, whereas cells lacking MAT-IIbeta failed to engraft for up to 5 weeks post-transplant. These stark differences in malignant cell survival, effected by MAT-IIbeta ablation, suggest that it may be possible to use this approach to disadvantage leukemic cell survival in vivo with little to no harm to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy R Attia
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Sánchez-del-Campo L, Rodríguez-López JN. Targeting the methionine cycle for melanoma therapy with 3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-epicatechin. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:2446-55. [PMID: 18729182 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The higher expression of methionine cycle genes in melanoma cells than in normal melanocytes may be related with increased protein synthesis and transmethylation reactions and the subsequent need for high levels of methionine. 3-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-(-)-epicatechin (TMECG), a trimethoxy derivative of epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), effectively suppressed proliferation of melanoma cells in cultures by inducing apoptosis. TMECG modulates the expression of genes involved in methionine metabolism, cellular methylation and glutathione synthesis in melanoma cells. TMECG treatment of melanoma cells resulted in the downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2, the upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and the activation of caspase-3; however, it did not induce the expression of the apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1). Having elucidated the effects of TMECG on the melanoma methionine cycle, we designed therapeuthical strategies to increase its effectiveness. Combinations of TMECG with S-adenosylmethionine or compounds that modulate the intracellular concentration of adenosine strongly increase the antiproliferative effects of TMECG. The ability of TMECG to target multiple aspects related with melanoma survival, with a high degree of potency, points to its clinical value in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Sánchez-del-Campo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, School of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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