1
|
Song J, Du J, Tan X, Chen H, Cong B. Bradykinin attenuates endothelial-mesenchymal transition following cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176556. [PMID: 38574840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a crucial pathological process contributing to cardiac fibrosis. Bradykinin has been found to protect the heart against fibrosis. Whether bradykinin regulates EndMT has not been determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 1 h and subsequent reperfusion to induce cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Bradykinin (0.5 μg/h) was infused by an osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously at the onset of reperfusion. Fourteen days later, the functional, histological, and molecular analyses were performed to investigate the changes in cardiac fibrosis and EndMT. Human coronary artery endothelial cells were utilized to determine the molecular mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS Bradykinin treatment improved cardiac function and decreased fibrosis following cardiac IR injury, accompanied by ameliorated EndMT and increased nitric oxide (NO) production. In vitro experiments found that bradykinin mitigated transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced EndMT. Significantly, the bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist or endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor abolished the effects of bradykinin on EndMT inhibition, indicating that the bradykinin B2 receptor and NO might mediate the effects of bradykinin on EndMT inhibition. CONCLUSION Bradykinin plays an essential role in the process of cardiac fibrosis. Bradykinin preserves the cellular signature of endothelial cells, preventing them from EndMT following cardiac IR injury, possibly mediated by bradykinin B2 receptor activation and NO production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jiankui Du
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Tan
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China; Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhai Cong
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qin Y, Ye X, Luo Y, Peng L, Zhou G, Zhu Y, Pan C. hKLK alleviates myocardial fibrosis in mice with viral myocarditis. J Appl Biomed 2023; 21:15-22. [PMID: 37016776 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is the most serious complication of viral myocarditis (VMC). This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic benefits and underlying mechanisms of lentivirus-mediated human tissue kallikrein gene transfer in myocardial fibrosis in VMC mice. We established VMC mouse model via intraperitoneal injection with Coxsackie B3 virus. The effect was then assessed after treatment with vehicle, the empty lentiviral vectors (EZ.null), and the vectors expressing hKLK1 (EZ.hKLK1) via tail vein injection for 30 days, respectively. The results showed that administering EZ.hKLK1 successfully induced hKLK1 overexpression in mouse heart. Compared with EZ.null treatment, EZ.hKLK1 administration significantly reduced the heart/weight ratio, improved cardiac function, and ameliorated myocardial inflammation in VMC mice, suggesting that hKLK1 overexpression alleviates VMC in mice. EZ.hKLK1 administration also significantly abrogated the increased myocardial collagen content, type I/III collagen ratio, TGF-β1 mRNA and protein expression in VMC mice, suggesting that hKLK1 overexpression reduces collagen accumulation and blunts TGF-β1 signaling in the hearts of VMC mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that hKLK1 alleviates myocardial fibrosis in VMC mice, possibly by downregulating TGF-β1 expression.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu N, Huang B, Zhu L. Bibliometric analysis of the inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1006213. [PMID: 36582738 PMCID: PMC9792483 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1006213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maladaptive inflammation is implicated in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study aimed to visually analyze the global scientific output over the past two decades regarding research on inflammation associated with DCM. Methods All relevant articles and reviews were retrieved in the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection (limited to SCIE) using "inflammation" and "diabetic cardiomyopathy" as search terms. Articles and reviews published from 1 January 2001 to 28 February 2021 were collected. Visualization analysis and statistical analysis were conducted by Microsoft 365 Excel and VOSviewer 1.6.18. Results A total of 578 documents were finally selected for further analysis. The publications regarding inflammation and DCM increased gradually over approximately 20 years. The most prolific country was China, with 296 documents and the most citations (9,366). The most influential author groups were Lu Cai and Yihui Tan who were from the United States. The bibliometric analysis of co-occurrence keywords showed that inflammation in DCM is composed of numerous molecules (NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, Nrf-2, TNF-α, protein kinase C, PPARα, TLR4, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, TGF-β, Sirt1, and AKT), a variety of cardiac cell types (stem cell, fibroblast, and cardiomyocyte), physiological processes (apoptosis, oxidative stress, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hypertrophy, mitochondrion dysfunction, and proliferation), and drugs (sulforaphane, metformin, empagliflozin, and rosuvastatin). Conclusion Our bibliometric analysis presents the characteristics and trends of inflammation in DCM and shows that research on inflammation in DCM will continue to be a hotspot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ning Zhu,
| | - Bingwu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liuyan Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pappritz K, Dong F, Miteva K, Kovacs A, El-Shafeey M, Kerim B, O'Flynn L, Elliman SJ, O'Brien T, Hamdani N, Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S. Impact of Syndecan-2-Selected Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on the Early Onset of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic db/db Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:632728. [PMID: 34095245 PMCID: PMC8175674 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.632728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell type for cell therapy given their immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic, and endothelial-protective features. The heparin sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-2/CD362, has been identified as a functional marker for MSC isolation, allowing one to obtain a homogeneous cell product that meets regulatory requirements for clinical use. We previously assessed the impact of wild-type (WT), CD362-, and CD362+ MSCs on local changes in protein distribution in left ventricular (LV) tissue and on LV function in an experimental model of early-onset diabetic cardiomyopathy. The present study aimed to further explore their impact on mechanisms underlying diastolic dysfunction in this model. Materials: For this purpose, 1 × 106 WT, CD362-, or CD362+ MSCs were intravenously (i.v.) injected into 20-week-old diabetic BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/BomTac, i.e., db/db mice. Control animals (db+/db) were injected with the equivalent volume of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) alone. After 4 weeks, mice were sacrificed for further analysis. Results: Treatment with all three MSC populations had no impact on blood glucose levels in db/db mice. WT, CD362-, and CD362+ MSC application restored LV nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in db/db mice, which correlated with a reduction in cardiomyocyte stiffness. Furthermore, all stromal cells were able to increase arteriole density in db/db mice. The effect of CD362+ MSCs on NO and cGMP levels, cardiomyocyte stiffness, and arteriole density was less pronounced than in mice treated with WT or CD362- MSCs. Analysis of collagen I and III protein expression revealed that fibrosis had not yet developed at this stage of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. All MSCs reduced the number of cardiac CD3+ and CD68+ cells in db/db mice, whereas only splenocytes from CD362-- and CD362+-db/db mice exhibited a lower pro-fibrotic potential compared to splenocytes from db/db mice. Conclusion: CD362+ MSC application decreased cardiomyocyte stiffness, increased myocardial NO and cGMP levels, and increased arteriole density, although to a lesser extent than WT and CD362- MSCs in an experimental model of early-onset diabetic cardiomyopathy without cardiac fibrosis. These findings suggest that the degree in improvement of cardiomyocyte stiffness following CD362+ MSC application was insufficient to improve diastolic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fengquan Dong
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kapka Miteva
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, Department of Medicine Specialized Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arpad Kovacs
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Muhammad El-Shafeey
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Biotechnology Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Bahtiyar Kerim
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa O'Flynn
- Orbsen Therapeutics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang M, Zhu NW, Ma WC, Chen MJ, Zheng L. Combined treatment with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technique and NM-aFGF-loaded PEG-nanoliposomes protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy-induced oxidative stress by activating the AKT/GSK-3β1/Nrf-2 pathway. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:938-952. [PMID: 32611270 PMCID: PMC8216439 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1785052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to investigate the effect of non-mitogenic acidic fibroblast growth factor (NM-aFGF) loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (NM-aFGF-PEG-lips) combined with the ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technique on modulating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM)and the mechanism involved. Animal studies showed that the diabetes mellitus (DM) group exhibited typical myocardial structural and functional changes of DCM. The indexes from the transthoracic echocardiography showed that the left ventricular function in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group was significantly improved compared with the DM group. Histopathological observation further confirmed that the cardiomyocyte structural abnormalities and mitochondria ultrastructural changes were also significantly improved in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group compared with DM group. The cardiac volume fraction (CVF) and apoptosis index in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group decreased to 10.31 ± 0.76% and 2.16 ± 0.34, respectively, compared with those in the DM group (CVF = 21.4 ± 2.32, apoptosis index = 11.51 ± 1.24%). Moreover, we also found significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity as well as clearly decreased lipid hydroperoxide levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group compared with those in the DM group (p < .05). Western blot analysis further revealed the highest level of NM-aFGF, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β1, Nrf-2, SOD2 and NQO1 in the NM-aFGF-PEG-lips + UTMD group. This study confirmed using PEGylated nanoliposomes combined with the UTMD technique can effectively deliver NM-aFGF to the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. The NM-aFGF can then inhibit myocardial oxidative stress damage due to DM by activating the AKT/GSK/Nrf-2 signaling pathway, which ultimately improved the myocardial structural and functional lesions in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning-Wei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Meng-Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Yinzhou NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pappritz K, Klein O, Dong F, Hamdani N, Kovacs A, O'Flynn L, Elliman S, O'Brien T, Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S. MALDI-IMS as a Tool to Determine the Myocardial Response to Syndecan-2-Selected Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Application in an Experimental Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 15:e2000050. [PMID: 33068073 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an attractive tool for treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Syndecan-2/CD362 has been identified as a functional marker for MSC isolation. Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows for the characterization of therapeutic responses in the left ventricle. This study aims to investigate whether IMS can assess the therapeutic effect of CD362+ -selected MSC on early onset experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 1 × 106 wild type (WT), CD362- , or CD362+ MSC are intravenously injected into db/db mice. Four weeks later, mice are hemodynamically characterized and subsequently sacrificed for IMS combined with bottom-up mass spectrometry, and isoform and phosphorylation analyses of cardiac titin. RESULTS Overall alterations of the cardiac proteome signatures, especially titin, are observed in db/db compared to control mice. Interestingly, only CD362+ MSC can overcome the reduced titin intensity distribution and shifts the isoform ratio toward the more compliant N2BA form. In contrast, WT and CD362- MSCs improve all-titin phosphorylation and protein kinase G activity, which is reflected in an improvement in diastolic performance. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE IMS enables the characterization of differences in titin intensity distribution following MSC application. However, further analysis of titin phosphorylation is needed to allow for the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of MSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, 13353 and 10178, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, 13347, Germany
| | - Oliver Klein
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, 13353 and 10178, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, 13347, Germany
| | - Fengquan Dong
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, 13353 and 10178, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, 44780, Germany
| | - Arpad Kovacs
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, 44780, Germany
| | - Lisa O'Flynn
- Orbsen Therapeutics, National University of Ireland (NUIG), Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Steve Elliman
- Orbsen Therapeutics, National University of Ireland (NUIG), Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Medicine, NUIG, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, 13353 and 10178, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, 13347, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CVK, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, 13353 and 10178, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, 13347, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S, Jäger S, Arndt R, Trippel T, Müller I, Elsanhoury A, Rutschow S, Anker SD, Schultheiss HP, Pauschinger M, Spillmann F, Pappritz K. Modulation of the acute defence reaction by eplerenone prevents cardiac disease progression in viral myocarditis. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2838-2852. [PMID: 32662949 PMCID: PMC7405199 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in viral myocarditis is attributed to myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, inducing acute and long‐time cardiac damage. Interventions are not established. On the basis of the link between inflammation, fibrosis, aldosterone, and extracellular matrix regulation, we aimed to investigate the effect of an early intervention with the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) eplerenone on cardiac remodelling in a murine model of persistent coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)‐induced myocarditis. Methods and results SWR/J mice were infected with 5 × 104 plaque‐forming units of CVB3 (Nancy strain) and daily treated either with eplerenone (200 mg/kg body weight) or with placebo starting from Day 1. At Day 8 or 28 post infection, mice were haemodynamically characterized and subsequently sacrificed for immunohistological and molecular biology analyses. Eplerenone did not influence CVB3 load. Already at Day 8, 1.8‐fold (P < 0.05), 1.4‐fold (P < 0.05), 3.2‐fold (P < 0.01), and 2.1‐fold (P < 0.001) reduction in LV intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression, presence of monocytes/macrophages, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, respectively, was observed in eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected mice. In vitro, eplerenone led to 1.4‐fold (P < 0.01) and 1.2‐fold (P < 0.01) less CVB3‐induced cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis. Furthermore, collagen production was 1.1‐fold (P < 0.05) decreased in cardiac fibroblasts cultured with medium of eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected HL‐1 cardiomyocytes. These ameliorations were in vivo translated into prevention of cardiac fibrosis, as shown by 1.4‐fold (P < 0.01) and 2.1‐fold (P < 0.001) lower collagen content in the LV of eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected mice at Days 8 and 28, respectively. This resulted in an early and long‐lasting improvement of LV dimension and function, as indicated by reduced LV end‐systolic volume and end‐diastolic volume, and an increase in LV contractility (dP/dtmax) and LV relaxation (dP/dtmin), respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions Early intervention with the MRA eplerenone modulates the acute host and defence reaction and prevents cardiac disease progression in experimental CVB3‐induced myocarditis without aggravation of viral load. The findings advocate for an initiation of therapy of viral myocarditis as early as possible, even before the onset of inflammation‐induced myocardial dysfunction. This may also have implications for coronavirus disease‐19 therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Hospital Hedwigshöhe, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Arndt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin (CBF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Trippel
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Müller
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elsanhoury
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Rutschow
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology Johanniter-Kliniken, Stendal, Germany
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Pauschinger
- Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus University, Klinikum Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Frank Spillmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Human Tissue Kallikrein 1 Improves Erectile Dysfunction of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Inhibition of Excessive Oxidative Stress and Activation of the PI3K/AKT/eNOS Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6834236. [PMID: 32190176 PMCID: PMC7066404 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6834236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of human tissue kallikrein 1 (hKLK1) on type 1 diabetes mellitus- (DM-) induced erectile dysfunction in rats. Materials and Methods. The homozygous transgenic rats (TGR) harboring the hKLK1 gene and age-matched wild-type Sprague Dawley rats (WTR) were involved, and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was utilized to induce diabetes in rats. Forty-eight-week-old male rats were randomly divided into a WTR group, TGR group, diabetic WTR group (WTDM), diabetic TGR group (TGDM), and TGDM with HOE140 group (TGDMH), with eight rats in each group. Twelve weeks later, the erectile response of all rats was detected by cavernous nerve electric stimulation, and corpus cavernosums were harvested to evaluate the levels of cavernous oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis, fibrosis, and involved pathways. Moreover, cavernous smooth muscle cells (CSMC) and endothelial cells (EC) were primarily isolated to build a coculture system for a series of in vitro verification. Results The hKLK1 gene and age-matched wild-type Sprague Dawley rats (WTR) were involved, and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was utilized to induce diabetes in rats. Forty-eight-week-old male rats were randomly divided into a WTR group, TGR group, diabetic WTR group (WTDM), diabetic TGR group (TGDM), and TGDM with HOE140 group (TGDMH), with eight rats in each group. Twelve weeks later, the erectile response of all rats was detected by cavernous nerve electric stimulation, and corpus cavernosums were harvested to evaluate the levels of cavernous oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis, fibrosis, and involved pathways. Moreover, cavernous smooth muscle cells (CSMC) and endothelial cells (EC) were primarily isolated to build a coculture system for a series of Conclusions hKLK1 preserves erectile function of DM rats through its antitissue excessive OS, apoptosis, and fibrosis effects, as well as activation of the PI3K/AKT/eNOS/cGMP pathway in the penis. Moreover, hKLK1 promotes relaxation and prevents high glucose-induced injuries of CSMC mediated by EC-CSMC crosstalk.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramugounder R. The impact of p38 MAPK, 5-HT/DA/E signaling pathways in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases and heart failure in type 1 diabetes. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
10
|
Alhenc-Gelas F, Bouby N, Girolami JP. Kallikrein/K1, Kinins, and ACE/Kininase II in Homeostasis and in Disease Insight From Human and Experimental Genetic Studies, Therapeutic Implication. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:136. [PMID: 31316987 PMCID: PMC6610447 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallikrein-K1 is the main kinin-forming enzyme in organs in resting condition and in several pathological situations whereas angiotensin I-converting enzyme/kininase II (ACE) is the main kinin-inactivating enzyme in the circulation. Both ACE and K1 activity levels are genetic traits in man. Recent research based mainly on human genetic studies and study of genetically modified mice has documented the physiological role of K1 in the circulation, and also refined understanding of the role of ACE. Kallikrein-K1 is synthesized in arteries and involved in flow-induced vasodilatation. Endothelial ACE synthesis displays strong vessel and organ specificity modulating bioavailability of angiotensins and kinins locally. In pathological situations resulting from hemodynamic, ischemic, or metabolic insult to the cardiovascular system and the kidney K1 and kinins exert critical end-organ protective action and K1 deficiency results in severe worsening of the conditions, at least in the mouse. On the opposite, genetically high ACE level is associated with increased risk of developing ischemic and diabetic cardiac or renal diseases and worsened prognosis of these diseases. The association has been well-documented clinically while causality was established by ACE gene titration in mice. Studies suggest that reduced bioavailability of kinins is prominently involved in the detrimental effect of K1 deficiency or high ACE activity in diseases. Kinins are involved in the therapeutic effect of both ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockers. Based on these findings, a new therapeutic hypothesis focused on selective pharmacological activation of kinin receptors has been launched. Proof of concept was obtained by using prototypic agonists in experimental ischemic and diabetic diseases in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francois Alhenc-Gelas
- INSERM U1138-CRC, Paris, France.,CRC-INSERM U1138, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France.,CRC-INSERM U1138, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Nadine Bouby
- INSERM U1138-CRC, Paris, France.,CRC-INSERM U1138, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France.,CRC-INSERM U1138, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
He A, Fang W, Zhao K, Wang Y, Li J, Yang C, Benadjaoud F, Shi GP. Mast cell-deficiency protects mice from streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. Transl Res 2019; 208:1-14. [PMID: 30738862 PMCID: PMC6527494 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators. Patients and animals with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) also show inflammatory cell accumulation in the heart. Here, we detected MCs in mouse heart after streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DCM. DCM production caused significant systole and diastole interventricular septum and left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thinning, and systolic LV internal dilation in wild-type (WT) mice. DCM production also led to significant reductions of fractional shortening percentage, heart rate, body weight, heart weight, and significant increases of kidney, pancreas, and lung weight to body weight ratios, and blood hemoglobin HbA1c and glucose levels in WT mice. All these changes were improved or disappeared in MC-deficient KitW-sh/W-sh mice. In the myocardium from WT DCM mice, we detected significant decrease of cardiac cell proliferation and increases of cardiac cell death, chemokine expression, macrophage infiltration, inflammatory cytokine expression, and collagen deposition. These changes were also improved or disappeared in KitW-sh/W-sh DCM mice. Adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) from WT mice fully or partially reversed these cardiac functional and morphologic changes in KitW-sh/W-sh DCM recipient mice. Yet, adoptive transfer of BMMCs from Il6-/- and Tnf-/- mice failed to make these corrections or at much less extent than the WT BMMCs. Mechanistic studies demonstrated a role of MC and MC-derived IL6 and TNF-α in promoting cardiomyocyte death and cardiac fibroblast TGF-β signaling, and collagen synthesis and deposition. Therefore, MC inhibition may have therapeutic potential in attenuating DCM progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wenqian Fang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Li
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chongzhe Yang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Feriel Benadjaoud
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Intermittent hypoxia induces beneficial cardiovascular remodeling in left ventricular function of type 1 diabetic rat. Anatol J Cardiol 2019; 19:259-266. [PMID: 29615543 PMCID: PMC5998850 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2018.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressed mechanical activity is a marked complication in diabetics. Hypoxia has properties for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, while intermittent hypoxia (IH) provides early functional and histologic remodeling, including some cardio benefits in early hemodynamic alterations with histologic remodeling and delayed changes in peripheral vasoreactivity. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether IH application presents a cardioprotective effect, via stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat heart. METHODS Male 10-week-old Wistar rats were randomly assigned as control group (C), IH group, (STZ)-induced diabetic group (DM) and IH applied DM group (DM+IH). Diabetes duration was kept 6 weeks and IH groups were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia at about 70 kPa (including ~14% PO2; 6 h/day for 6-weeks). RESULTS Depressed left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and prolonged contraction and relaxation of Langendorff-perfused hearts, as well as increased total oxidative status from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were markedly prevented with IH application. IH application induced significant increase in protein expression levels of both HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in both control and diabetic rat hearts, whereas there were significant decreases in the protein levels of prolyl-4 hydroxylase domain enzymes, PHD2, and PHD3 in diabetic hearts. Furthermore, IH application induced marked increases in protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and capillary density in left ventricle of diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Overall, we presented how IH application has a beneficial cardiovascular remodeling effect in left ventricular function of diabetic rats, at most, via affecting increased oxidative stress and HIF-VEGF related angiogenesis, providing information on hyperglycemia associated new targets and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
13
|
Favorable outcomes of metformin on coronary microvasculature in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Histol 2018; 49:639-649. [PMID: 30317407 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-018-9801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although metformin is widely prescribed in diabetes, its use with associated cardiac dysfunction remains debatable. In the current study, we investigated the effect of metformin on coronary microvasculature in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) induced by streptozotocin. Administration of metformin after induction of DCM, reversed almost all cardiomyocyte degenerative changes induced by DCM. Metformin diminished the significantly increased (p < 0.05) collagen deposited in the DCM. In addition metformin had improved the density of the significantly decreased arteriolar (αSMA+) and capillary (CD31+) coronary microvasculature compared to that of the DCM and non-diabetics (ND) with downregulation of the significantly increased expression (p < 0.05) of COL-I, III, TGF-β, CTGF, ICAM and VCAM genes. Therefore metformin may be beneficial in limiting the fibrotic and the vascular remodeling occurring in DCM at the genetic as well as the structural levels.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu M, Yang Y, Wang M, Zeng F, Li Q, Liu W, Guo S, He M, Wang Y, Huang J, Zhou L, Li Y, Hu J, Gong W, Zhang Z. Exogenous Pancreatic Kallikrein Improves Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:855. [PMID: 30131697 PMCID: PMC6091235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the protective effects of exogenous pancreatic kallikrein (PKK) treatment on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, a type 1 diabetic model, were treated with either PKK or saline for 12 weeks. Non-diabetic rats were used as controls. PKK administration attenuated the mitochondria swelling, Z line misalignments, myofibrosis and interstitial collagen accumulation in diabetic myocardial tissue. The oxidative stress imbalance including increased nitrotyrosine, decreased anti-oxidative components such as nuclear receptor nuclear factor like 2 (Nrf2), glutathione peroxidase 1(GPx-1), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were recovered in the heart of PKK-treated diabetic rats. In diabetic rats, protein expression of TGF-β1 and accumulation of collagen I in the heart tissues was decreased after PKK administration. Markers for inflammation were decreased in diabetic rats by PKK treatment. Compared to diabetic rats, PKK reversed the degradation of IκB-α, an inhibitive element of heterotrimer nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein and myocardial nitrate/nitrite were impaired in the heart of diabetic rats, which, however, were restored after PKK treatment. The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and phospholamban (PLN) were mishandled in diabetic rats, while were rectified in PKK-treated diabetic rats. The plasma NT-proBNP level was increased in diabetic rats while was reduced with PKK treatment. Conclusion: PKK protects against DCM via reducing fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, promoting nitric oxide production, as well as restoring the function of the calcium channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yeping Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shizhe Guo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min He
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Changzhou Qianhong Biopharma Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China
| | - Linuo Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Devetzi M, Goulielmaki M, Khoury N, Spandidos DA, Sotiropoulou G, Christodoulou I, Zoumpourlis V. Genetically‑modified stem cells in treatment of human diseases: Tissue kallikrein (KLK1)‑based targeted therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:1177-1186. [PMID: 29328364 PMCID: PMC5819898 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissue kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is an endogenous multiprotein metabolic cascade which is implicated in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular, renal and central nervous system. Human tissue kallikrein (KLK1) is a serine protease, component of the KKS that has been demonstrated to exert pleiotropic beneficial effects in protection from tissue injury through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic and anti-oxidative actions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) constitute populations of well-characterized, readily obtainable multipotent cells with special immunomodulatory, migratory and paracrine properties rendering them appealing potential therapeutics in experimental animal models of various diseases. Genetic modification enhances their inherent properties. MSCs or EPCs are competent cellular vehicles for drug and/or gene delivery in the targeted treatment of diseases. KLK1 gene delivery using adenoviral vectors or KLK1 protein infusion into injured tissues of animal models has provided particularly encouraging results in attenuating or reversing myocardial, renal and cerebrovascular ischemic phenotype and tissue damage, thus paving the way for the administration of genetically modified MSCs or EPCs with the human tissue KLK1 gene. Engraftment of KLK1-modified MSCs and/or KLK1-modified EPCs resulted in advanced beneficial outcome regarding heart and kidney protection and recovery from ischemic insults. Collectively, findings from pre-clinical studies raise the possibility that tissue KLK1 may be a novel future therapeutic target in the treatment of a wide range of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Devetzi
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Nicolas Khoury
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Christodoulou
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rabadiya S, Bhadada S, Dudhrejiya A, Vaishnav D, Patel B. Magnesium valproate ameliorates type 1 diabetes and cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats through estrogen receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:919-927. [PMID: 29136770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is known to exhibit cardioprotective and antihyperlipidemic action. Valproic acid has been shown to upregulate estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast and prostate cancer tissues. No pharmacological evaluations for magnesium valproate (MgV) so far have been done for diabetic cadio-lipidemic complications. Based on the above context, current study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of MgV in cardiac complications associated with type-1 diabetes mellitus in rats wherein diabetes was induced by single tail vein injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 45mg/kg, IV) in female Sprague Dawley rats and treatment of MgV (210mg/kg, PO) was given for eight weeks to diabetic animals, after which, various biochemical and cardiac biomarkers, hypertrophic, hemodynamic and histological parameters along with immunohistochemistry of ERs in the left ventricle (LV) were estimated. MgV treatment significantly controlled hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, reduced elevated cardiac biomarkers and C-reactive protein(CRP), significantly improved hemodynamic functions and increased the rate of pressure development and decay. MgV also significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy index and cardiac hypertrophy index, LV wall thickness, LV collagen, cardiomyocyte diameter and prevented the oxidative stress with significant increase in Na+-K+-ATPase activity in LV. Moreover, MgV reversed STZ-induced histological alterations and decreased glycogen content in LV and increased the ERβ expressions in LV as evidenced by immunohistochemistry. The result indicated that MgV prevented disease progression in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy which seems to be mediated by upregulation of estrogen receptors in LV tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Rabadiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Shradhha Bhadada
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashvin Dudhrejiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Devendra Vaishnav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhoomika Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Van Linthout S, Hamdani N, Miteva K, Koschel A, Müller I, Pinzur L, Aberman Z, Pappritz K, Linke WA, Tschöpe C. Placenta-Derived Adherent Stromal Cells Improve Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Left Ventricular Diastolic Performance. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:2135-2145. [PMID: 29024485 PMCID: PMC5702519 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is among others attributed to cardiomyocyte stiffness. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have cardiac-protective properties. We explored whether intravenous (i.v.) application of PLacenta-eXpanded (PLX) MSC-like cells (PLX) improves LV diastolic relaxation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and investigated underlying mechanisms. Diabetes mellitus was induced by STZ application (50 mg/kg body weight) during five subsequent days. One week after the first STZ injection, PLX or saline were i.v. applied. Two weeks later, mice were hemodynamically characterized and sacrificed. At this early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy with low-grade inflammation and no cardiac fibrosis, PLX reduced LV vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, transforming growth factor-β1, and interferon-γ mRNA expression, induced the percentage of circulating regulatory T cells, and decreased the splenic pro-fibrotic potential in STZ mice. STZ + PLX mice exhibited higher LV vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression and arteriole density versus STZ mice. In vitro, hyperglycemic PLX conditioned medium restored the hyperglycemia-impaired tube formation and adhesion capacity of human umbelical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) via increasing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. PLX further induced the diabetes-downregulated activity of the NO downstream protein kinase G, as well as of protein kinase A, in STZ mice, which was associated with a raise in phosphorylation of the titin isoforms N2BA and N2B. Concomitantly, the passive force was lower in single isolated cardiomyocytes from STZ + PLX versus from STZ mice, which led to an improvement of LV diastolic relaxation. We conclude that i.v. PLX injection improves diabetes mellitus-associated diastolic performance via decreasing cardiomyocyte stiffness. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:2135-2145.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kapka Miteva
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Koschel
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Campus Virchow Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schwarzer M, Noutsias M, Spillmann F, Schulze PC, Doenst T, Tschöpe C. Complexity of pathomechanisms leading to diastolic heart failure in diabetes mellitus - potential field for therapeutic interventions? BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:253. [PMID: 28934928 PMCID: PMC5609018 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGE) have been implicated in diabetes associated complications. They have been suggested as potential mediators in the progression of diabetic heart failure and as a potential target for treatment. Brunvand et al. now provided evidence in that the suggested causal relationship between AGE and diastolic myocardial dysfunction cannot be confirmed in children with type 1 diabetes. The early signs of diastolic myocardial impairment were associated with higher BMI, but not with HbA1c levels. Furthermore, higher serum levels of MG-H1 and increased arterial stiffness were not significantly associated with diastolic dysfunction. The lack of association argues against an essential role of AGEs. This sobering finding does not support the potential to treat diastolic dysfunction by reduction approaches AGE in type 1 diabetic patients. Further pathogenic mechanisms involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy, such as alterations of calcium metabolism, or remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and intramyocardial inflammation may be further promising therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, - Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Michel Noutsias
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Spillmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz Kreislaufforschung (DZHK) - Standort Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, - Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz Kreislaufforschung (DZHK) - Standort Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cui K, Luan Y, Wang T, Zhuan L, Rao K, Wang SG, Ye ZQ, Liu JH, Wang DW. Reduced corporal fibrosis to protect erectile function by inhibiting the Rho-kinase/LIM-kinase/cofilin pathway in the aged transgenic rat harboring human tissue kallikrein 1. Asian J Androl 2017; 19:67-72. [PMID: 27678468 PMCID: PMC5227678 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.189209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that erectile function was preserved in aged transgenic rats (TGR) harboring the human tissue kallikrein 1 (hKLK1), while the molecular level of hKLK1 on corporal fibrosis to inhibit age-related erectile dysfunction (ED) is poorly understood. Male wild-type Sprague-Dawley rats (WTR) and TGR harboring the hKLK1 gene were fed to 4- or 18-month-old and divided into three groups: young WTR (yWTR) as the control, aged WTR (aWTR), and aged TGR (aTGR). Erectile function of all rats was assessed by cavernous nerve electrostimulation method. Masson's trichrome staining was used to evaluate corporal fibrosis in the corpus cavernosum. We found that the erectile function of rats in the aWTR group was significantly lower than that of other two groups. Masson's trichrome staining revealed that compared with those of the yWTR and aTGR groups, the ratio of smooth muscle cell (SMC)/collagen (C) was significantly lower in the aWTR group. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were performed, and results demonstrated that expression of α-SMA was lower, while expressions of transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1), RhoA, ROCK1, p-MYPT1, p-LIMK2, and p-cofilin were higher in the aWTR group compared with those in other two groups. However, LIMK2 and cofilin expressions did not differ among three groups. Taken together, these results indicated that the RhoA/ROCK1/LIMK/cofilin pathway may be involved in the corporal fibrosis caused by advanced age, and hKLK1 may reduce this corporal fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of this pathway to ameliorate age-related ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cui
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Zhuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Ke Rao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhang-Qun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao-Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Noutsias M, Tschöpe C. Giant cell myocarditis: still a conundrum. The need for a worldwide registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 18:1459-1461. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Noutsias
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumonology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena; Friedrich-Schiller-University; Jena Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Charité; University Medicine Berlin; Campus Virchow Berlin Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité; University Medicine Berlin; Campus Virchow Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guan J, Liu WQ, Xing MQ, Shi Y, Tan XY, Jiang CQ, Dai HY. Elevated expression of periostin in diabetic cardiomyopathy and the effect of valsartan. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:90. [PMID: 26281830 PMCID: PMC4539668 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, plays a significant role in adverse cardiac remodeling. However, no report has documented the function of periostin in left ventricular remodeling of streptozototin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The aim of the present study was to observe the expression of periostin in Wistar rat’s myocardium of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and the effect of valsartan on it. Methods Immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis were used to determine the degree of expression and location of periostin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β1 type II receptor (TGF-β1 R II), and Type I and III collagens in the myocardium of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results Periostin, TGF-β1, TGF-β1 R II, and Type I and III collagens were significantly increased in the myocardium of diabetic rats compared with control group on both messenger ribonucleic acid and protein levels. In addition, diabetic rats treated with valsartan could have reduced expression of periostin and improved cardiac remodeling of DCM. Conclusions Periostin may play a crucial role in cardiac remodeling and myocardial interstitial fibrosis process of DCM and it could be one of the important mechanisms for valsartan to improve the ventricular remodeling of DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Qi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of cellular transplantation , Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ming-Qing Xing
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Ying Tan
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of cellular transplantation , Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chang-Qing Jiang
- Department of pathology department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Yan Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Youcef G, Belaidi E, Waeckel L, Fazal L, Clemessy M, Vincent MP, Zadigue G, Richer C, Alhenc-Gelas F, Ovize M, Pizard A. Tissue kallikrein is required for the cardioprotective effect of cyclosporin A in myocardial ischemia in the mouse. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 94:22-9. [PMID: 25623731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental studies suggest that pharmacological postconditioning with Cyclosporin A (CsA) reduces infarct size in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. CsA interacts with Cyclophilin D (CypD) preventing opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Tissue kallikrein (TK) and its products kinins are involved in cardioprotection in ischemia. CypD knockout mice are resistant to the cardioprotective effects of both CsA and kinins suggesting common mechanisms of action. Using TK gene knockout mice, we investigated whether the kallikrein-kinin system is involved in the cardioprotective effect of CsA. Homozygote and heterozygote TK deficient mice (TK(-/-), TK(+/-)) and wild type littermates (TK(+/+)) were subjected to cardiac ischemia-reperfusion with and without CsA postconditioning. CsA reduced infarct size in TK(+/+) mice but had no effect in TK(+/-) and TK(-/-) mice. Cardiac mitochondria isolated from TK(-/-) mice had indistinguishable basal oxidative phosphorylation and calcium retention capacity compared to TK(+/+) mice but were resistant to CsA inhibition of mPTP opening. TK activity was documented in mouse heart and rat cardiomyoblasts mitochondria. By proximity ligation assay TK was found in close proximity to the mitochondrial membrane proteins VDAC and Tom22, and CypD. Thus, partial or total deficiency in TK induces resistance to the infarct size reducing effect of CsA in cardiac ischemia in mice, suggesting that TK level is a critical factor for cardioprotection by CsA. TK is required for the mitochondrial action of CsA and may interact with CypD. Genetic variability in TK activity has been documented in man and may influence the cardioprotective effect of CsA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Youcef
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - E Belaidi
- Inserm U 1060-CarMeN & Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - L Waeckel
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - L Fazal
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - M Clemessy
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - M P Vincent
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - G Zadigue
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - C Richer
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - F Alhenc-Gelas
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - M Ovize
- Inserm U 1060-CarMeN & Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - A Pizard
- Inserm UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Inserm UMRS 1116, faculté de médecine de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Inserm CIC-1433, Institut du Cœur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CHRU Nancy Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major metabolic disorder currently affecting over 250 million people globally. It costs the worldwide health services almost £800 billion annually to diagnose, treat and care for patients with diabetes. DM is predicted to rise to 350 million by 2030. If left unmanaged, DM can lead to numerous long-term complications including micro- and macro-angiopathy and heart failure (HF). Most diabetics usually die as a result of HF resulting from diabetes-induced coronary artery disease and cardiomyopathy. Coronary artery disease and cardiomyopathy are normally preceded by hyperglycaemia (HG). This review examines the structural changes, which occur within the myocardium and cardiomyocytes during exposure of the heart to diabetes-induced HG and HG-induced oxidative stress. HG and the resulting oxidative stress are associated with marked myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis compared to control heart. At the ultrastructural level, cardiomyocytes subjected to chronic HG and subsequent oxidative stress display swollen mitochondria, reduced mitochondrial number and defective myofibrils and intercalated discs. Evidence from many studies shows that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes-induced HG can cause myocardial fibrosis, mitochondriopathy, myocyte hypertrophy and deranged myofibrils. All of these structural changes may eventually result in HF if left untreated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li J, Li L, Chu H, Sun X, Ge Z. Oral sophocarpine protects rat heart against pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1045-1051. [PMID: 24618002 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.877038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sophocarpine, a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, is one of the most abundant active ingredients in Sophora alopecuroides Linn. (Kudouzi). Sophocarpine injection was found to have significant antiviral effects against coxsackievirus B3 and therapeutic effects for viral myocarditis in the clinic. OBJECTIVE This study assessed the effects of sophocapine on overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and investigated potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a suprarenal abdominal aorta constriction (AC) or sham to induce sustained pressure overload. Six weeks later, rats were randomly assigned to receive sophocapine (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, gavage) or vehicle treatment for an additional 6 weeks. Six weeks after treatment, cardiac dysfunction, cardiac coefficient, cardiac fibrosis, hydroxyproline concentration, and inflammation mediators were examined. RESULTS When compared with the model group, the left ventricular weight/body weight decreased by 25.4% and 39.0% in 20 and 40 mg/kg sophocarpine groups, respectively. The beneficial effects were associated with amelioration of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP). Moreover, pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis was attenuated in sophocarpine treated groups. Importantly, sophocarpine (20 and 40 mg/kg) decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6, 14.6% and 18.5%; IL-1β, 23.1% and 32.6%), collagen content (27.7% and 50.1%), as well as matrix metalloproteinases-2, 9 (MMP-2, 9) expression (MMP-2, 11.8% and 18.5%; MMP-9, 16.2% and 21.1%). Sophocarpine (40 mg/kg) inhibited IκB-α phosphorylation (19.0%). CONCLUSION These findings indicated that sophocarpine potentially had antifibrotic effects. The mechanism might be due to modulation of the balance between pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and collagen content level as well as MMPs expression via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University , Jinan , PR China and
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Non-canonical signalling and roles of the vasoactive peptides angiotensins and kinins. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 126:753-74. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20130414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) are among the most important targets for drug discovery due to their ubiquitous expression and participation in cellular events under both healthy and disease conditions. These receptors can be activated by a plethora of ligands, such as ions, odorants, small ligands and peptides, including angiotensins and kinins, which are vasoactive peptides that are classically involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular events. These peptides and their corresponding GPCRs have been reported to play roles in other systems and under pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer, central nervous system disorders, metabolic dysfunction and bone resorption. More recently, new mechanisms have been described for the functional regulation of GPCRs, including the transactivation of other signal transduction receptors and the activation of G-protein-independent pathways. The existence of such alternative mechanisms for signal transduction and the discovery of agonists that can preferentially trigger one signalling pathway over other pathways (called biased agonists) have opened new perspectives for the discovery and development of drugs with a higher specificity of action and, therefore, fewer side effects. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the non-canonical signalling and roles of angiotensins and kinins.
Collapse
|
26
|
Sullivan KE, Black LD. The role of cardiac fibroblasts in extracellular matrix-mediated signaling during normal and pathological cardiac development. J Biomech Eng 2014; 135:71001. [PMID: 23720014 DOI: 10.1115/1.4024349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is no longer considered a static support structure for cells but a dynamic signaling network with the power to influence cell, tissue, and whole organ physiology. In the myocardium, cardiac fibroblasts are the primary cell type responsible for the synthesis, deposition, and degradation of matrix proteins, and they therefore play a critical role in the development and maintenance of functional heart tissue. This review will summarize the extensive research conducted in vivo and in vitro, demonstrating the influence of both physical and chemical stimuli on cardiac fibroblasts and how these interactions impact both the extracellular matrix and, by extension, cardiomyocytes. This work is of considerable significance, given that cardiovascular diseases are marked by extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix, which ultimately impairs the functional capacity of the heart. We seek to summarize the unique role of cardiac fibroblasts in normal cardiac development and the most prevalent cardiac pathologies, including congenital heart defects, hypertension, hypertrophy, and the remodeled heart following myocardial infarction. We will conclude by identifying existing holes in the research that, if answered, have the potential to dramatically improve current therapeutic strategies for the repair and regeneration of damaged myocardium via mechanotransductive signaling.
Collapse
|
27
|
Up-regulation of PPARγ in myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 10:30-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
28
|
Girolami JP, Blaes N, Bouby N, Alhenc-Gelas F. Genetic manipulation and genetic variation of the kallikrein-kinin system: impact on cardiovascular and renal diseases. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2014; 69:145-196. [PMID: 25130042 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-06683-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Genetic manipulation of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) in mice, with either gain or loss of function, and study of human genetic variability in KKS components which has been well documented at the phenotypic and genomic level, have allowed recognizing the physiological role of KKS in health and in disease. This role has been especially documented in the cardiovascular system and the kidney. Kinins are produced at slow rate in most organs in resting condition and/or inactivated quickly. Yet the KKS is involved in arterial function and in renal tubular function. In several pathological situations, kinin production increases, kinin receptor synthesis is upregulated, and kinins play an important role, whether beneficial or detrimental, in disease outcome. In the setting of ischemic, diabetic or hemodynamic aggression, kinin release by tissue kallikrein protects against organ damage, through B2 and/or B1 bradykinin receptor activation, depending on organ and disease. This has been well documented for the ischemic or diabetic heart, kidney and skeletal muscle, where KKS activity reduces oxidative stress, limits necrosis or fibrosis and promotes angiogenesis. On the other hand, in some pathological situations where plasma prekallikrein is inappropriately activated, excess kinin release in local or systemic circulation is detrimental, through oedema or hypotension. Putative therapeutic application of these clinical and experimental findings through current pharmacological development is discussed in the chapter.
Collapse
|
29
|
Becher PM, Lindner D, Fröhlich M, Savvatis K, Westermann D, Tschöpe C. Assessment of cardiac inflammation and remodeling during the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo: a time course analysis. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:158-64. [PMID: 23652584 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and left ventricular (LV) function during the development of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy using an animal model of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes was induced in 22 Sprague‑Dawley rats by an intraperitoneal single injection of STZ (70 mg/kg). Non-diabetic animals served as the controls (n=6). LV function was documented using the conductance catheter technique 2 and 6 weeks after the induction of diabetes. Cardiac tissue was analyzed for cardiac immune cell infiltration, oxidative stress and remodeling in rats with STZ-induced diabetes at 2 different time points by immunohistochemistry. Cardiac function was significantly impaired in the diabetic animals. After 2 weeks, the induction of diabetes resulted in impaired cardiac function indexed by a decrease in systolic and diastolic LV function. This impairment of LV performance continued for up to 6 weeks after the STZ injection. This was associated with an increase in cardiac CD3+ and CD8a+ immune cell invasion and fibrosis, indexed by an increase in collagen content (p<0.05). Furthermore, oxidative stress response and matrix remodeling were increased after 2 weeks and this continued for up to 6 weeks after the induction of diabetes. In conclusion, cardiac dysfunction is associated with cardiac inflammation and adverse remodeling in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our results suggest that the model of STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy is a robust model for investigating cardiac immune response and LV remodeling processes under diabetic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Becher
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, D-12200 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gava E, de Castro CH, Ferreira AJ, Colleta H, Melo MB, Alenina N, Bader M, Oliveira LA, Santos RAS, Kitten GT. Angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas is an essential modulator of extracellular matrix protein expression in the heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 175:30-42. [PMID: 22285513 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the effects of genetic deletion of the Angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas or the Angiotensin II receptor AT(2) on the expression of specific extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in atria, right ventricles and atrioventricular (AV) valves of neonatal and adult mice. Quantification of collagen types I, III and VI and fibronectin was performed using immunofluorescence-labeling and confocal microscopy. Picrosirius red staining was used for the histological assessment of the overall collagen distribution pattern. ECM proteins, metalloproteinases (MMP), ERK1/2 and p38 levels were quantified by western blot analysis. Gelatin zymography was used to evaluate the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. We observed that the relative levels of collagen types I and III and fibronectin are significantly higher in both the right ventricle and AV valves of neonatal Mas(-/-) mouse hearts (e.g., collagen type I: 85.28±6.66 vs 43.50±4.41 arbitrary units in the right ventricles of Mas(+/+) mice). Conversely, the level of collagen type VI was lower in the right ventricle and AV valves of Mas(-/-) mice. Adult Mas(-/-) mouse hearts presented similar patterns as observed in neonates. No significant differences in ECM protein level were detected in atria. Likewise, no changes in ECM levels were observed in AT(2) knockout mouse hearts. Although deletion of Mas induced a significant reduction in the level of the active form of MMP-2 in neonate hearts and a reduction of both MMP-2 and MMP-9 in adult Mas(-/-) mice, no significant differences were observed in MMP enzymatic activities when compared to controls. The levels of the active, phosphorylated forms of ERK1/2 and p38 were higher in hearts of both neonatal and adult Mas(-/-) mice. These observations suggest that Mas is involved in the selective expression of specific ECM proteins within both the ventricular myocardium and AV valves. The changes in the ECM profile may alter the connective tissue framework and contribute to the decreased cardiac performance observed in Mas(-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisandra Gava
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Connelly KA, Advani A, Kim S, Advani SL, Zhang M, White KE, Kim YM, Parker C, Thai K, Krum H, Kelly DJ, Gilbert RE. The cardiac (pro)renin receptor is primarily expressed in myocyte transverse tubules and is increased in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Hypertens 2011; 29:1175-84. [PMID: 21505358 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e3283462674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pro(renin) receptor is a 350 amino acid transmembrane protein, that on ligand binding, increases the catalytic efficiency of angiotensinogen cleavage by both prorenin and renin, augmenting angiotensin I formation at the cell surface. While implicated in a broad range of diseases, studies to date have focused on the kidney, particularly in the diabetic context. We sought to examine the site-specific expression of the pro(renin) receptor within the heart. METHODS Using confocal microscopy, site-specific markers and transmission electron microscopy we assessed the location of the pro(renin) receptor in the heart at both cellular/sub-cellular levels. We assessed pro(renin) receptor expression in the setting of disease and blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, using the TGR[m(Ren2)-27] model of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren. RESULTS The pro(renin) receptor was found predominantly at the Z-disc and dyad of cardiac myocytes coinciding closely with the distributions of the vacuolar H⁺-ATPase and ryanodine receptor, known to be located within T-tubules and the sarcoplasmic reticulum's terminal cisternae, respectively. Pro(renin) receptor mRNA/protein abundance were increased ∼3-fold in the hearts of diabetic rats in association with diastolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis (all P < 0.01). Direct renin inhibition reduced cardiac pro(renin) receptor expression in association with improved cardiac structure/function (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Together, these findings are consistent with the notion that the pro(renin) receptor is a component of the vacuolar H⁺-ATPase, and that like the latter, is increased in the setting of cardiac stress and lowered by the administration of an ostensibly cardioprotective agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sun D, Shen M, Li J, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Wang H, Cao F. Cardioprotective effects of tanshinone IIA pretreatment via kinin B2 receptor-Akt-GSK-3β dependent pathway in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011; 10:4. [PMID: 21232147 PMCID: PMC3033797 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-10-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by myocardial structural and functional changes, is a specific cardiomyopathy develops in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study was to investigate the role of kinin B2 receptor-Akt-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β signalling pathway in mediating the protective effects of tanshinone IIA (TSN) on diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods and results Streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats (n = 60) were randomized to receive TSN, TSN plus HOE140 (a kinin B2 receptor antagonist), or saline. Healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 20) were used as control. Left ventricular function, myocardial apoptosis, myocardial ultrastructure, Akt, GSK-3β and NF-κB phosphorylation, the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were examined. Cardiac function was well preserved as evidenced by increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and ± dp/dt (maximum speed of contraction/relaxation), along with decreased myocardial apoptotic death after TSN administration. TSN pretreatment alleviated mitochondria ultrastructure changes. TSN also enhanced Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation and inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation, resulting in decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO activities. Moreover, pretreatment with HOE140 abolished the beneficial effects of TSN: a decrease in LVEF and ± dp/dt, an inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, a destruction of cardiomyocyte mitochondria cristae, a reduction of Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation, an enhancement of NF-κB phosphorylation and an increase of TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO production. Conclusion These data indicated that TSN is cardioprotective in the context of diabetic cardiomyopathy through kinin B2 receptor-Akt-GSK-3β dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Sun
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thandavarayan RA, Giridharan VV, Sari FR, Arumugam S, Veeraveedu PT, Pandian GN, Palaniyandi SS, Ma M, Suzuki K, Gurusamy N, Watanabe K. Depletion of 14-3-3 Protein Exacerbates Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Remodeling Process via Modulation of MAPK/NF-ĸB Signaling Pathways after Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 28:911-22. [DOI: 10.1159/000335805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
34
|
Li J, Zhu H, Shen E, Wan L, Arnold JMO, Peng T. Deficiency of rac1 blocks NADPH oxidase activation, inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress, and reduces myocardial remodeling in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2010; 59:2033-42. [PMID: 20522592 PMCID: PMC2911061 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our recent study demonstrated that Rac1 and NADPH oxidase activation contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis in short-term diabetes. This study was undertaken to investigate if disruption of Rac1 and inhibition of NADPH oxidase would prevent myocardial remodeling in chronic diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific Rac1 knockout and their wild-type littermates. In a separate experiment, wild-type diabetic mice were treated with vehicle or apocynin in drinking water. Myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammatory response, and myocardial function were investigated after 2 months of diabetes. Isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes were cultured and stimulated with high glucose. RESULTS In diabetic hearts, NADPH oxidase activation, its subunits' expression, and reactive oxygen species production were inhibited by Rac1 knockout or apocynin treatment. Myocardial collagen deposition and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas were significantly increased in diabetic mice, which were accompanied by elevated expression of pro-fibrotic genes and hypertrophic genes. Deficiency of Rac1 or apocynin administration reduced myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy, resulting in improved myocardial function. These effects were associated with a normalization of ER stress markers' expression and inflammatory response in diabetic hearts. In cultured cardiomyocytes, high glucose-induced ER stress was inhibited by blocking Rac1 or NADPH oxidase. CONCLUSIONS Rac1 via NADPH oxidase activation induces myocardial remodeling and dysfunction in diabetic mice. The role of Rac1 signaling may be associated with ER stress and inflammation. Thus, targeting inhibition of Rac1 and NADPH oxidase may be a therapeutic approach for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Li
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaqing Zhu
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Shen
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J. Malcolm O. Arnold
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author: Tianqing Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hu Z, Wang H, Lee IH, Modi S, Wang X, Du J, Mitch WE. PTEN inhibition improves muscle regeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet. Diabetes 2010; 59:1312-20. [PMID: 20200318 PMCID: PMC2874691 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mechanisms impairing wound healing in diabetes are poorly understood. To identify mechanisms, we induced insulin resistance by chronically feeding mice a high-fat diet (HFD). We also examined the regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP(3)) during muscle regeneration because augmented IGF-1 signaling can improve muscle regeneration. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Muscle regeneration was induced by cardiotoxin injury, and we evaluated satellite cell activation and muscle maturation in HFD-fed mice. We also measured PIP(3) and the enzymes regulating its level, IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PTEN. Using primary cultures of muscle, we examined how fatty acids affect PTEN expression and how PTEN knockout influences muscle growth. Mice with muscle-specific PTEN knockout were used to examine how the HFD changes muscle regeneration. RESULTS The HFD raised circulating fatty acids and impaired the growth of regenerating myofibers while delaying myofiber maturation and increasing collagen deposition. These changes were independent of impaired proliferation of muscle progenitor or satellite cells but were principally related to increased expression of PTEN, which reduced PIP(3) in muscle. In cultured muscle cells, palmitate directly stimulated PTEN expression and reduced cell growth. Knocking out PTEN restored cell growth. In mice, muscle-specific PTEN knockout improved the defects in muscle repair induced by HFD. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance impairs muscle regeneration by preventing myofiber maturation. The mechanism involves fatty acid-stimulated PTEN expression, which lowers muscle PIP(3). If similar pathways occur in diabetic patients, therapeutic strategies directed at improving the repair of damaged muscle could include suppression of PTEN activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Hu
- Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Savvatis K, Westermann D, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Kinins in cardiac inflammation and regeneration: insights from ischemic and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Neuropeptides 2010; 44:119-25. [PMID: 20036002 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is a system of vasoactive peptides, the kinins, involved in different aspects of remodeling, inflammation and angiogenesis. Kinins mediate their actions through two receptors, B1R and B2R. It is increasingly recognized that the KKS is involved in the inflammatory processes of the heart. Evidence shows that the B2R is beneficial in myocardial diseases, protecting from inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis, while B1R shows a proinflammatory character contributing to the disease progression by increasing the production of cytokines and stimulating the migration of immune cells. Furthermore, novel important actions of the KKS and its receptors contribute to neovascularization and recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic areas and endothelial dysfunction. The kinin receptors could therefore constitute potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of myocardial ischemia and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Savvatis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Cardiology and Pneumonology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kim DH, Kim YJ, Kim HK, Chang SA, Kim MS, Sohn DW, Oh BH, Park YB. Usefulness of mitral annulus velocity for the early detection of left ventricular dysfunction in a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2010; 18:6-11. [PMID: 20661329 DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2010.18.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCMP) is characterized by myocardial dysfunction regardless of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. The features of LV dysfunction in rat model of type 1 DM induced by streptozocin, are variable and controversial. Thus, we tested the usefulness of tissue Doppler imaging in the early detection of ventricular dysfunction in a rat model of DMCMP. METHODS Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozocin (70 mg/kg) in 8 weeks of Sprague-Dawley rat. Diagnosis of diabetes was defined as venous glucose level over 350 mg/dL 48 hrs after streptozocin injection. Echocardiography was done at baseline and 10 weeks after diabetes induction both in diabetes group (n=15) and normal control (n=10). After echocardiography at 10 weeks, invasive hemodynamic measurement using miniaturized conductance catheter was done in both groups. RESULTS Ten weeks after diabetes induction, heart and lung mass indexes of diabetes were larger than those of normal control (3.2+/-0.3 vs. 2.4+/-0.2 mg/g, p<0.001, 5.5+/-1.1 vs. 3.6+/-0.6 mg/g, p<0.001, respectively). In echocardiographic data, s' (2.4+/-0.4 vs. 3.1+/-0.5 cm/s, p<0.001), e' velocity of mitral annulus (2.9+/-0.6 vs. 3.8+/-1.1 cm/s, p<0.001), and E/e' ratio (27.1+/-5.6 vs. 19.7+/-2.6, p<0.001) were impaired in diabetes group. In hemodynamic measurement, there were no differences in ejection fraction, peak dP/dt between the diabetic group and normal control. However, load independent indexes of contractility, the slope of the end-systolic pressure volume relation (0.18+/-0.07 vs. 0.62+/-0.18 mmHg/microL, p<0.001) and preload recruitable stroke work (51.8+/-22.0 vs. 90.9+/-22.5 mmHg, p<0.001) were impaired in diabetic group compared to normal control. CONCLUSION In a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy, tissue Doppler imaging of mitral annulus can be a good modality for early detection of myocardial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hee Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jain N, Vijayaraghavan R, Pant SC, Lomash V, Ali M. Aloe vera gel alleviates cardiotoxicity in streptozocin-induced diabetes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:115-23. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.62.01.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Persistent hyperglycaemia results in oxidative stress along with the generation of oxygen free radicals and appears to be an important factor in the production of secondary complications in diabetes. The aim of this work was to evaluate markers of oxidative stress in heart tissue along with the protective, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of 30% Aloe vera gel in diabetic rats.
Methods
Streptozocin was given as a single intravenous injection and 30% Aloe vera gel was given in two doses for 20 days, orally. Blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, blood reduced glutathione, serum lactate dehydrogenase and serum creatine kinase levels were measured on day 21 after drug treatment. Heart rate and mean blood pressure were recorded at the end of the study. Different biochemical variables were evaluated in the heart tissue, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in diabetic and in Aloe vera-treated diabetic rats.
Key findings
In streptozocin diabetic rats, the TBARS level was increased significantly, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione significantly decreased, and the catalase level was significantly increased. Aloe vera 30% gel (200 mg/kg) treatment in diabetic rats reduced the increased TBARS and maintained the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity up to the normal level. Aloe vera gel increased reduced glutathione by four times in diabetic rats.
Conclusions
Aloe vera gel at 200 mg/kg had significant antidiabetic and cardioprotective activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeti Jain
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Jhansi Road Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Jhansi Road Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Satish Chandra Pant
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Jhansi Road Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Vinay Lomash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Defence Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Jhansi Road Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Department of Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Immunosuppression with an interleukin-2 fusion protein leads to improved LV function in experimental ischemic cardiomyopathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 10:207-12. [PMID: 19897056 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Several cytokines are activated in chronic heart failure (CHF), including interleukin-2 (IL-2). IL-2 is important for the survival of regulatory T cells, as well as for the function of activated T cells. Its role in ischemic cardiomyopathy has not yet been investigated. We therefore studied left ventricular (LV) performance and remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) after treatment with an IL-2IgG2b fusion protein to stimulate IL-2 signaling. Spraque-Dawley rats (SD) were submitted to permanent ligation of the left descending artery (LAD) to induce a MI or to a sham operation. Twenty-four hours, 6 days and 3 weeks after MI, LV function was determined in vivo using a tip catheter. Cardiac IL-2 and IL-1beta content was measured by immunohistochemical staining on cryo-fixed heart cross sections at 24h and 6 days post MI. Total collagen content of the LV was determined by Sirius red stained formalin-stored sections under circularly polarized light 3 weeks post MI. Compared to sham-operated animals, IL-2 content was increased 13-fold (P<0.01) 24h post MI and 16-fold (P<0.01) 6 days post MI in the infarction area as well as 2-fold (P<0.05) 6 days post MI in the non-infarction area. Despite similar infarct sizes, LV function and remodeling were ameliorated in IL-2 fusion protein-treated ischemic rats, indicated by improved LV pressure (LVP), contractility (LVdP/dt(max)) and relaxation (LVdP/dt(min)) at all three time points. LV collagen content as a surrogate parameter for remodeling and IL-1beta expression as a marker for myocardial inflammation were reduced in the non-infarcted LV, but not in the LV infarction area compared to vehicle-treated controls. LV contractile dysfunction after experimental MI is improved after treatment with an IL-2-IgG2b fusion protein.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct primary disease process, independent of coronary artery disease, which leads to heart failure in diabetic patients. Epidemiological and clinical trial data have confirmed the greater incidence and prevalence of heart failure in diabetes. Novel echocardiographic and MR (magnetic resonance) techniques have enabled a more accurate means of phenotyping diabetic cardiomyopathy. Experimental models of diabetes have provided a range of novel molecular targets for this condition, but none have been substantiated in humans. Similarly, although ultrastructural pathology of the microvessels and cardiomyocytes is well described in animal models, studies in humans are small and limited to light microscopy. With regard to treatment, recent data with thiazoledinediones has generated much controversy in terms of the cardiac safety of both these and other drugs currently in use and under development. Clinical trials are urgently required to establish the efficacy of currently available agents for heart failure, as well as novel therapies in patients specifically with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
|
41
|
Westermann D, Walther T, Savvatis K, Escher F, Sobirey M, Riad A, Bader M, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Gene deletion of the kinin receptor B1 attenuates cardiac inflammation and fibrosis during the development of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes 2009; 58:1373-81. [PMID: 19276445 PMCID: PMC2682670 DOI: 10.2337/db08-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with increased mortality in patients with diabetes. The underlying pathology of this disease is still under discussion. We studied the role of the kinin B1 receptor on the development of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We utilized B1 receptor knockout mice and investigated cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress after induction of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Furthermore, the left ventricular function was measured by pressure-volume loops after 8 weeks of diabetes. RESULTS B1 receptor knockout mice showed an attenuation of diabetic cardiomyopathy with improved systolic and diastolic function in comparison with diabetic control mice. This was associated with a decreased activation state of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, less oxidative stress, as well as normalized cardiac inflammation, shown by fewer invading cells and no increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 as well as the chemokine CXCL-5. Furthermore, the profibrotic connective tissue growth factor was normalized, leading to a reduction in cardiac fibrosis despite severe hyperglycemia in mice lacking the B1 receptor. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the B1 receptor is detrimental in diabetic cardiomyopathy in that it mediates inflammatory and fibrotic processes. These insights might have useful implications on future studies utilizing B1 receptor antagonists for treatment of human diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Walther
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Savvatis
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felcicitas Escher
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Sobirey
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Riad
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author: Carsten Tschöpe,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Y, Ebermann L, Sterner-Kock A, Wika S, Schultheiss HP, Dörner A, Walther T. Myocardial overexpression of adenine nucleotide translocase 1 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. Exp Physiol 2008; 94:220-7. [PMID: 18945756 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.044800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, a common complication of diabetes. Adenosine nucleotide translocase (ANT) translocates ADP/ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Our study aimed to test the hypothesis that overexpression of ANT1 in cardiomyocytes has cardioprotective effects in diabetic cardiomyopathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Mice specifically overexpressing murine ANT1 in the heart were generated using alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter. Expression of ANT1 mRNA and protein in hearts was characterized by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Five- to 6-month-old male transgenic mice and their age-matched wild-type littermates were subjected to type 1 diabetes induced by STZ. Six weeks later, haemodynamic measurement was performed to assess cardiac function. Ventricular mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide, a molecular marker of heart failure, was characterized by RNase-protection assay. Both ANT1 mRNA and ANT1 protein were specifically overexpressed in the heart of transgenic mice. Heart weight was decreased and cardiac function was dramatically impaired in wild-type mice 6 weeks after induction of diabetes, but ANT1 overexpression prevented these significant changes. The mRNA expression level of atrial natriuretic peptide confirmed the haemodynamic findings, being upregulated in wild-type mice receiving STZ, but showing no statistical differences in ANT1 transgenic mice. Cardiomyocyte-restricted overexpression of ANT1 prevents the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy; therefore, accelerated ADP/ATP exchange could be a new promising target to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Westermann D, Lettau O, Sobirey M, Riad A, Bader M, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy-induced inflammation and apoptosis are attenuated by gene deletion of the kinin B1 receptor. Biol Chem 2008; 389:713-8. [PMID: 18627295 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2008.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical use of the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its cardiotoxic effects, which are attributed to the induction of apoptosis. To elucidate the possible role of the kinin B1 receptor (B1R) during the development of DOX cardiomyopathy, we studied B1R knockout mice (B1R(-/-)) by investigating cardiac inflammation and apoptosis after induction of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. DOX control mice showed cardiac dysfunction measured by pressure-volume loops in vivo. This was associated with a reduced activation state of AKT, as well as an increased bax/bcl2 ratio in Western blots, indicating cardiac apoptosis. Furthermore, mRNA levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 were increased in the cardiac tissue. In DOX B1R(-/-) mice, cardiac dysfunction was improved compared to DOX control mice, which was associated with normalization of the bax/bcl-2 ratio and interleukin 6, as well as AKT activation state. These findings suggest that B1R is detrimental in DOX cardiomyopathy in that it mediates the inflammatory response and apoptosis. These insights might have useful implications for future studies utilizing B1R antagonists for treatment of human DOX cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Westermann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, D-12200 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tschöpe C, Westermann D. Development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the kallikrein-kinin system--new insights from B1 and B2 receptor signaling. Biol Chem 2008; 389:707-11. [PMID: 18627288 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2008.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a specific cardiomyopathy which develops in patients with diabetes mellitus in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis and hypertension. Despite the potential importance of this disease entity, the underlying mechanisms are only incompletely understood. Changes in calcium handling, disruption of the extracellular matrix regulation with accumulation of cardiac collagen, and furthermore cardiac inflammation may be an important mediator of this disease. This brief review focuses on the current aspects of the kallikrein-kinin system and its influence on the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy with particular regard to the kinin receptors B1 and B2, as their role in the development of this disease is still under discussion. Whether the role of the B1 receptor is similar to the well-described beneficial role of the B2 receptor or whether its function is opposed to the B2 receptor is controversial. Some recent findings suggest that the B1 receptor mediates cardiac inflammation and therefore may be detrimental for cardiac function in the setting of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, D-12200 Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Riad A, Jäger S, Sobirey M, Escher F, Yaulema-Riss A, Westermann D, Karatas A, Heimesaat MM, Bereswill S, Dragun D, Pauschinger M, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Toll-like receptor-4 modulates survival by induction of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:6954-61. [PMID: 18453617 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) remodeling is known to contribute to morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). Because LV remodeling is strongly associated with an inflammatory response, we investigated whether or not TLR-4 influences LV remodeling and survival in a mice model of MI. Six days after MI induction, TLR4 knockout (KO)-MI mice showed improved LV function 32 and reduced LV remodeling as indexed by reduced levels of atrial natriuretic factor and total collagen as well as by a reduced heart weight to body weight ratio when compared with WT-MI mice. This was associated with a reduction of protein levels of the intracellular TLR4 adapter protein MyD88 and enhanced protein expression of the anti-hypertrophic JNK in KO-MI mice when compared with wild-type (WT)-MI mice. In contrast, protein activation of the pro-hypertrophic kinases protein kinase Cdelta and p42/44 were not regulated in KO-MI mice when compared with WT-MI mice. Improved LV function, reduced cardiac remodeling, and suppressed intracellular TLR4 signaling in KO-MI mice were associated with significantly improved survival compared with WT-MI mice (62 vs 23%; p < 0.0001). TLR4 deficiency led to improved survival after MI mediated by attenuated left ventricular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Riad
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Koch M, Bonaventura K, Spillmann F, Dendorfer A, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Attenuation of left ventricular dysfunction by an ACE inhibitor after myocardial infarction in a kininogen-deficient rat model. Biol Chem 2008; 389:719-23. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2008.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bradykinin (BK) coronary outflow and left ventricular (LV) performance of kininogen-deficient Brown Norway Katholiek (BNK) rats and Brown Norway Hannover (BNH) controls were investigated. We analyzed whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ramipril is able to attenuate LV dysfunction after induction of myocardial infarction (MI) in this animal model. Ex vivo, the basal BK content in the coronary outflow of buffer-perfused, isolated hearts was measured by specific radioimmunoassay. In vivo, left ventricular pressure (LVP), the maximal rate of LVP increase, LV end-diastolic pressure, the maximal rate of LVP decrease and heart rate were determined using a tip catheter 3 weeks after induction of MI. Compared to BNK rats, basal BK outflow was increased 30-fold in controls (p<0.01). In vivo, we found no significant differences between sham-ligated BNK and BNH rats in basal LV function. After MI, the impairment of LV function was significantly worse in BNK rats when compared to BNH rats. ACE inhibition significantly attenuated this LV dysfunction in both groups, when compared to untreated animals. Reduced basal BK level resulting from kininogen deficiency has no effect on basal LV function, but remains to be a risk factor for the ischemic heart. However, ACE inhibition is sufficient to improve LV function despite kininogen deficiency.
Collapse
|
47
|
Van Linthout S, Spillmann F, Riad A, Trimpert C, Lievens J, Meloni M, Escher F, Filenberg E, Demir O, Li J, Shakibaei M, Schimke I, Staudt A, Felix SB, Schultheiss HP, De Geest B, Tschöpe C. Human Apolipoprotein A-I Gene Transfer Reduces the Development of Experimental Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2008; 117:1563-73. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.107.710830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
The hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy are cardiac oxidative stress, intramyocardial inflammation, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiac apoptosis. Given the antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic potential of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), we evaluated the hypothesis that increased HDL via gene transfer (GT) with human apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the principal apolipoprotein of HDL, may reduce the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Methods and Results—
Intravenous GT with 3×10
12
particles/kg of the E1E3E4-deleted vector
Ad.hapoA-I
, expressing human apoA-I, or
Ad.Null
, containing no expression cassette, was performed 5 days after streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Six weeks after apoA-I GT, HDL cholesterol levels were increased by 1.6-fold (
P
<0.001) compared with diabetic controls injected with the
Ad.Null
vector (STZ-
Ad.Null
). ApoA-I GT and HDL improved LV contractility in vivo and cardiomyocyte contractility ex vivo, respectively. Moreover, apoA-I GT was associated with decreased cardiac oxidative stress and reduced intramyocardial inflammation. In addition, compared with STZ-
Ad.Null
rats, cardiac fibrosis and glycogen accumulation were reduced by 1.7-fold and 3.1-fold, respectively (
P
<0.05). Caspase 3/7 activity was decreased 1.2-fold (
P
<0.05), and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was upregulated 1.9-fold (
P
<0.005), translating to 2.1-fold (
P
<0.05) reduced total number of cardiomyocytes with apoptotic characteristics and 3.0-fold (
P
<0.005) reduced damaged endothelial cells compared with STZ-
Ad.Null
rats. HDL supplementation ex vivo reduced hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by 3.4-fold (
P
<0.005). The apoA-I GT-mediated protection was associated with a 1.6-, 1.6-, and 2.4-fold induction of diabetes-downregulated phospho to Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and glycogen synthase kinase ratio, respectively (
P
<0.005).
Conclusion—
ApoA-I GT reduced the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Van Linthout
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Frank Spillmann
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Alexander Riad
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Christiane Trimpert
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Joke Lievens
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Marco Meloni
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Felicitas Escher
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Elena Filenberg
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Okan Demir
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Jun Li
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Ingolf Schimke
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Alexander Staudt
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Stephan B. Felix
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Bart De Geest
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- From Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Charité-Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany (S.V.L., F.S., A.R., M.M., F.E., E.F., O.D., H.-P.S., C. Tschöpe); Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany (C. Trimpert, A.S., S.B.F.); Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (J. Lievens, B.D.G.); Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Center for Cardiovascular Research (J
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Van Linthout S, Seeland U, Riad A, Eckhardt O, Hohl M, Dhayat N, Richter U, Fischer JW, Böhm M, Pauschinger M, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. Reduced MMP-2 activity contributes to cardiac fibrosis in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Basic Res Cardiol 2008; 103:319-27. [PMID: 18347835 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-008-0715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Left ventricle (LV) function was determined by a micro-tip catheter in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, 2 or 6 weeks (w) after STZ-application. LV total collagen, collagen type I and III content were immunohistologically analyzed and quantified by digital image analysis. LV collagen type I, III and MMP-2 mRNA expression was quantified by real-time RT-PCR. LV pro- and active MMP-2 levels were analyzed by zymography; Smad 7, membrane type (MT)1-MMP and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 protein levels by Western Blot. RESULTS STZ-induced diabetes was associated with a time-dependent impairment of LV diastolic and systolic function. This was paralleled by a time-dependent increase in LV total collagen content, despite reduced LV collagen type I and III mRNA levels, indicating a role of post-transcriptional/post-translational changes of extracellular matrix regulation. Six weeks (w) after STZ-injection, MMP-2 mRNA expression and pro-MMP-2 levels were 2.7-fold (P < 0.005) and 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) reduced versus controls, respectively, whereas active MMP-2 was decreased to undetectable levels 6 w post-STZ. Concomitantly, Smad 7 and TIMP-2 protein levels were 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) and 10-fold (P < 0.005) increased in diabetics versus controls, respectively, whereas the 45 kDa form of MT1-MMP was undetectable in diabetics. CONCLUSION Under STZ-diabetic conditions, cardiac fibrosis is associated with a dysregulation in extracellular matrix degradation. This condition is featured by reduced MMP-2 activity, concomitant with increased Smad 7 and TIMP-2 and decreased MT1-MMP protein expression, which differs from mechanisms involved in dilated and ischemic heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Van Linthout
- Dept. of Cardiology and Pneumology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Westermann D, Schultheiss HP, Tschöpe C. New perspective on the tissue kallikrein–kinin system in myocardial infarction: Role of angiogenesis and cardiac regeneration. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 8:148-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
50
|
Rao AA, Thota H, Adapala R, Changalasetty SB, Gumpeny RS, Akula A, Thota LS, Challa SR, Rao MRN, Das UN. Proteomic analysis in diabetic cardiomyopathy using bioinformatics approach. Bioinform Biol Insights 2008; 2:1-4. [PMID: 19812762 PMCID: PMC2735956 DOI: 10.4137/bbi.s313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct clinical entity that produces asymptomatic heart failure in diabetic patients without evidence of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Abnormalities in diabetic cardiomyopathy include: myocardial hypertrophy, impairment of contractile proteins, accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, formation of advanced glycation end products, and decreased left ventricular compliance. These abnormalities lead to the most common clinical presentation of diabetic cardiomyopathy in the form of diastolic dysfunction. We evaluated the role of various proteins that are likely to be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy by employing multiple sequence alignment using ClustalW tool and constructed a Phylogenetic tree using functional protein sequences extracted from NCBI. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using Neighbour—Joining Algorithm in bioinformatics approach. These results suggest a causal relationship between altered calcium homeostasis and diabetic cardiomyopathy that implies that efforts directed to normalize calcium homeostasis could form a novel therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allam Appa Rao
- Department of Computer science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|