1
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El-Miligy MMM, Al-Kubeisi AK, Nassra RA, El-Zemity SR, Hazzaa AA. Discovery of new thymol-3,4-disubstituted thiazole hybrids as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors with in vivo proof. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2309171. [PMID: 38291670 PMCID: PMC10833116 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2309171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
New thymol-3,4-disubstitutedthiazole hybrids were synthesised as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors. Compounds 6b, 6d, 6e, and 6f displayed in vitro inhibitory activity against COX-2 (IC50= 0.037, 0.042, 0.046, and 0.039 µM) nearly equal to celecoxib (IC50= 0.045 µM). 6b, 6d, and 6f showed SI (379, 341, and 374, respectively) higher than that of celecoxib (327). 6a-l elicited in vitro 5-LOX inhibitory activity higher than quercetin. 6a-f, 6i-l, 7a, and 7c possessed in vivo inhibition of formalin induced paw edoema higher than celecoxib. 6a, 6b, 6f, 6h-l, and 7b showed gastrointestinal safety profile as celecoxib and diclofenac sodium in the population of fasted rats. Induced fit docking and molecular dynamics simulation predicted good fitting of 6b and 6f without changing the packing and globularity of the apo protein. In conclusion, 6b and 6f achieved the target goal as multitarget inhibitors of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. M. El-Miligy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Rasha A. Nassra
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Saad R. El-Zemity
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aly A. Hazzaa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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2
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Shen GD, Zhang YY, Yang NQ, Yang T, Wang T, Lu SC, Wang JY, Wang YS, Yang JH. N-alkylamides from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1727-1738. [PMID: 37328937 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2222216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Six amides, including a new N-alkylamide (1), four known N-alkylamides (2-5) and one nicotinamide (6) were isolated from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., which is a pioneer herb traditionally utilized in medicine. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and by comparison of their spectroscopic and physical data with the literature values. Cubebamide (1) is a new cinnamoyltyraminealkylamide and possessed obvious anti-inflammatory activity against NO production with IC50 values of 18.45 μM. Further in-depth pharmacophore-based virtual screening and molecular docking were carried out to reveal the binding mode of the active compound inside the 5-LOX enzyme. The results indicate that L. cubeba, and the isolated amides might be useful in the development of lead compounds for the prevention of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Nian-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Tong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Cheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China
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3
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Oliw EH. Thirty years with three-dimensional structures of lipoxygenases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109874. [PMID: 38145834 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The X-ray crystal structures of soybean lipoxygenase (LOX) and rabbit 15-LOX were reported in the 1990s. Subsequent 3D structures demonstrated a conserved U-like shape of the substrate cavities as reviewed here. The 8-LOX:arachidonic acid (AA) complex showed AA bound to the substrate cavity carboxylate-out with C10 at 3.4 Å from the iron metal center. A recent cryo-electron microscopy (EM) analysis of the 12-LOX:AA complex illustrated AA in the same position as in the 8-LOX:AA complex. The 15- and 12-LOX complexes with isoenzyme-specific inhibitors/substrate mimics confirmed the U-fold. 5-LOX oxidizes AA to leukotriene A4, the first step in biosynthesis of mediators of asthma. The X-ray structure showed that the entrance to the substrate cavity was closed to AA by Phe and Tyr residues of a partly unfolded α2-helix. Recent X-ray analysis revealed that soaking with inhibitors shifted the short α2-helix to a long and continuous, which opened the substrate cavity. The α2-helix also adopted two conformations in 15-LOX. 12-LOX dimers consisted of one closed and one open subunit with an elongated α2-helix. 13C-ENDOR-MD computations of the 9-MnLOX:linoleate complex showed carboxylate-out position with C11 placed 3.4 ± 0.1 Å from the catalytic water. 3D structures have provided a solid ground for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernst H Oliw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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4
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Abdullah S, Iqbal A, Ashok AK, Kaouche FC, Aslam M, Hussain S, Rahman J, Hayat MM, Ashraf M. Anti-enzymatic and DNA docking studies of montelukast: A multifaceted molecular scaffold with in vitro investigations, molecular expression analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24470. [PMID: 38298631 PMCID: PMC10828691 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Montelukast, an approved leukotriene receptor 1 (Cys-LT 1) antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties is used for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis. In the present studies, montelukast was subjected to in vitro inhibitory assays followed by kinetic and in silico investigations. Montelukast demonstrated inhibitory activity against yeast α-glucosidase (IC50 44.31 ± 1.21 μM), jack bean urease (JB urease, IC50 8.72 ± 0.23 μM), human placental alkaline phosphatase (hPAP, IC50 17.53 ± 0.19 μM), bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase (bIAP, IC50 15.18 ± 0.23 μM) and soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX, IC50 2.41 ± 0.13 μM). Kinetic studies against α-glucosidase and urease enzymes revealed its competitive mode of inhibition. Molecular expression analysis of montelukast in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 down-regulated AP by a factor of 0.27 (5 μM) compared with the 0.26 value for standard inhibitor levamisole (10 μM). Molecular docking estimated a binding affinity ranging -8.82 to -15.65 kcal/mol for the enzymes. Docking against the DNA dodecamer (ID: 1BNA) observed -9.13 kcal/mol via minor groove binding. MD simulations suggested stable binding between montelukast and the target proteins predicting strong inhibitory potential of the ligand. Montelukast features a chloroquinoline, phenyl ring, a cyclopropane group, a carboxylic group and a sulfur atom all of which collectively enhance its inhibitory potential against the said enzymes. These in vitro and computational investigations demonstrate that it is possible and suggested that the interactions of montelukast with more than one targets presented herein may be linked with the side effects presented by this drug and necessitate additional work. The results altogether suggest montelukast as an important structural scaffold possessing multitargeted features and warrant further investigations in repurposing beyond its traditional pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawana Abdullah
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ambar Iqbal
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Avinash Karkada Ashok
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, Karnataka, 572103, India
| | - Farah Chafika Kaouche
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Mater, Ibn Khaldoun University, BP 78 Zaaoura, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Misbah Aslam
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Rahman
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
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5
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Lavrentaki V, Kousaxidis A, Theodosis-Nobelos P, Papagiouvannis G, Koutsopoulos K, Nicolaou I. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of indazole carboxamides of N-substituted pyrrole derivatives as soybean lipoxygenase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10775-8. [PMID: 38145424 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we attempted to develop a novel class of compounds against lipoxygenase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes implicated in a series of inflammatory diseases. Given the absence of appropriate human 5-lipoxygenase crystallographic data, solved soybean lipoxygenase-1 and -3 structures were used as a template to generate an accurate pharmacophore model which was further used for virtual screening purposes. Eight compounds (1-8) have been derived from the in-house library consisting of N-substituted pyrroles conjugated with 5- or 6-indazole moieties through a carboxamide linker. This study led to the discovery of hit molecule 8 bearing a naphthyl group with the IC50 value of 22 μM according to soybean lipoxygenase in vitro assay. Isosteric replacement of naphthyl ring with quinoline moieties and reduction of carbonyl carboxamide group resulted in compounds 9-12 and 13, respectively. Compound 12 demonstrated the most promising enzyme inhibition. In addition, compounds 8 and 12 were found to reduce the carrageenan-induced paw edema in vivo by 52.6 and 49.8%, respectively. In view of the encouraging outcomes concerning their notable in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, compounds 8 and 12 could be further optimized for the discovery of novel 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in future. A structure-based 3D pharmacophore model was used in the virtual screening of in-house library to discover novel potential 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Lavrentaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Kousaxidis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Papagiouvannis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, 1036, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Ioannis Nicolaou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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6
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Espinoza-Culupú A, Del Santos N, Farfán-López M, Mendes E, da Silva Junior PI, Marques Borges M. In Silico and In Vitro Approach for Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of Mygalin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17019. [PMID: 38069341 PMCID: PMC10707111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a great interest in describing new molecules to be used as therapeutic targets in various diseases, particularly those that play a role in inflammatory responses and infection control. Mygalin is a synthetic analogue of spermidine, and previous studies have demonstrated its bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli, as well as its ability to modulate the inflammatory response of macrophages against lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the mechanisms through which mygalin regulates this inflammatory response remain poorly characterized. A set of platforms using molecular docking analysis was employed to analyze various properties of mygalin, including toxicity, biodistribution, absorption, and the prediction of its anti-inflammatory properties. In in vitro assays, we evaluated the potential of mygalin to interact with products of the inflammatory response, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant activity, using the BMDM cell. The in silico analyses indicated that mygalin is not toxic, and can interact with proteins from the kinase group, and enzymes and receptors in eukaryotic cells. Molecular docking analysis showed interactions with key amino acid residues of COX-2, iNOS and 5-LOX enzymes. In vitro, assays demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS, along with a decrease in the oxidative stress caused by the treatment with PMA, all without altering cell viability. Mygalin exhibited robust antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, regardless of the dose used, and inhibited heat-induced hemolysis. These studies suggest that mygalin holds promise for further investigation as a new molecule with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayara Del Santos
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05585-000, Brazil; (N.D.S.); (E.M.)
| | | | - Elizabeth Mendes
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05585-000, Brazil; (N.D.S.); (E.M.)
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7
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Toumi A, Abdella FI, Boudriga S, Alanazi TYA, Alshamari AK, Alrashdi AA, Dbeibia A, Hamden K, Daoud I, Knorr M, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C. Synthesis of Tetracyclic Spirooxindolepyrrolidine-Engrafted Hydantoin Scaffolds: Crystallographic Analysis, Molecular Docking Studies and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:7443. [PMID: 37959862 PMCID: PMC10650415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In a sustained search for novel potential drug candidates with multispectrum therapeutic application, a series of novel spirooxindoles was designed and synthesized via regioselective three-component reaction between isatin derivatives, 2-phenylglycine and diverse arylidene-imidazolidine-2,4-diones (Hydantoins). The suggested stereochemistry was ascertained by an X-ray diffraction study and NMR spectroscopy. The resulting tetracyclic heterocycles were screened for their in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity and for their in vitro antimicrobial potency. In vitro antibacterial screening revealed that several derivatives exhibited remarkable growth inhibition against different targeted microorganisms. All tested compounds showed excellent activity against the Micrococccus luteus strain (93.75 µg/mL ≤ MIC ≤ 375 µg/mL) as compared to the reference drug tetracycline (MIC = 500 µg/mL). Compound 4e bearing a p-chlorophenyl group on the pyrrolidine ring exhibited the greatest antifungal potential toward Candida albicans and Candida krusei (MIC values of 23.43 µg/mL and 46.87 µg/mL, respectively) as compared to Amphotericin B (MIC = 31.25 and 62.50 µg/mL, respectively). The target compounds were also tested in vitro against the lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5) enzyme. Compounds 4i and 4l showed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 = 1.09 mg/mL and IC50 = 1.01 mg/mL, respectively, more potent than the parent drug, diclofenac sodium (IC50 = 1.19 mg/mL). In addition, in vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of these spirooxindoles were assessed through carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing assays, respectively, revealing promising results. In silico molecular docking and predictive ADMET studies for the more active spirocompounds were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Toumi
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Faiza I.A. Abdella
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | - Sarra Boudriga
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Tahani Y. A. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | - Asma K. Alshamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | | | - Amal Dbeibia
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Ismail Daoud
- Department of Matter Sciences, University of Mohamed Khider, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria;
- Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Faculty of Science, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Michael Knorr
- Institut UTINAM-UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (J.-L.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (J.-L.K.); (C.S.)
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8
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Mobbs JI, Black KA, Tran M, Burger WAC, Venugopal H, Holman TR, Holinstat M, Thal DM, Glukhova A. Cryo-EM structures of human arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase bound to endogenous and exogenous inhibitors. Blood 2023; 142:1233-1242. [PMID: 37506345 PMCID: PMC10579047 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) is a key enzyme involved in platelet activation, and the regulation of its activity has been targeted for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Despite the clinical importance of 12-LOX, the exact mechanisms by which it affects platelet activation are not fully understood, and the lack of structural information has limited drug discovery efforts. In this study, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine high-resolution structures (1.7-2.8 Å) of human 12-LOX. Our results showed that 12-LOX can exist in multiple oligomeric states, from monomer to hexamer, which may affect its catalytic activity and membrane association. We also identified different conformations within the 12-LOX dimer, which likely represent different time points in its catalytic cycle. Furthermore, we identified small molecules bound to 12-LOX. The active site of the 12-LOX tetramer was occupied by an endogenous 12-LOX inhibitor, a long-chain acyl coenzyme A. In addition, we found that the 12-LOX hexamer can simultaneously bind to arachidonic acid and ML355, a selective 12-LOX inhibitor that has passed a phase 1 clinical trial for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and received a fast-track designation by the Food and Drug Administration. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the assembly of 12-LOX oligomers, their catalytic mechanism, and small molecule binding, paving the way for further drug development targeting the 12-LOX enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I. Mobbs
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina A. Black
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Wessel A. C. Burger
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hariprasad Venugopal
- Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Theodore R. Holman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David M. Thal
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alisa Glukhova
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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9
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Kaur R, Rani S, Singh P. Structure and ligand based design for identification of highly potent molecules against 5-LOX. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 94:129448. [PMID: 37591315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here small molecules consisting of dichlorophenyl substituted oxindole that is further tagged with pyrrole/indole moieties. These molecules were designed on the basis of the analysis of binding mode of 5-LOX with arachidonic acid and zileuton. The molecules traverse the active site pocket of the enzyme that otherwise hosts AA and zileuton. Moreover, with a provision of derivatization at pyrrole/indole-N, the physico-chemical properties of the molecules can be adjusted. Appreciable 5-LOX inhibitory activities of the compounds in sub-micromolar range were observed and their aqueous solubility, binding with human serum albumin and stability in blood plasma and liver microsomes were checked. The Michaelis-Menten constants obtained during the binding of the compounds with 5-LOX indicated competitive binding of the compounds with the enzyme. Overall, the combination of molecular modelling and experimental studies identified promising molecules against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajbir Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Sudesh Rani
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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10
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Redzicka A, Wiatrak B, Jęśkowiak-Kossakowska I, Kochel A, Płaczek R, Czyżnikowska Ż. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of 4,6-Dimethyl-5-aryl/alkyl-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl]pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-1,3(2 H,5 H)-diones as Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Dual Inhibition of COX and LOX. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:804. [PMID: 37375750 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we characterize the biological activity of a newly designed and synthesized series of 15 compounds 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl] derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 3a-3o. The compounds were obtained with good yields of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole scaffold 2a-2c with secondary amines in C2H5OH. The chemical structures of the compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and MS. All the new compounds were investigated for their potencies to inhibit the activity of three enzymes, i.e., COX-1, COX-2, and LOX, by a colorimetric inhibitor screening assay. In order to analyze the structural basis of interactions between the ligands and cyclooxygenase/lipooxygenase, experimental data were supported by the results of molecular docking simulations. The data indicate that all of the tested compounds influence the activity of COX-1, COX-2, and LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Kochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. F.J oliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Płaczek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Rudrapal M, Eltayeb WA, Rakshit G, El-Arabey AA, Khan J, Aldosari SM, Alshehri B, Abdalla M. Dual synergistic inhibition of COX and LOX by potential chemicals from Indian daily spices investigated through detailed computational studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8656. [PMID: 37244921 PMCID: PMC10224994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) and Lipoxygenase (LOX) are essential enzymes for arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosanoids conversion. These AA-derived eicosanoids are essential for initiating immunological responses, causing inflammation, and resolving inflammation. Dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors are believed to be promising novel anti-inflammatory agents. They inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), but have no effect on lipoxin formation. This mechanism of combined inhibition circumvents certain limitations for selective COX-2 inhibitors and spares the gastrointestinal mucosa. Natural products, i.e. spice chemicals and herbs, offer an excellent opportunity for drug discovery. They have proven anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential of a molecule to be a lead/ drug candidate can be much more enhanced if it has the property of inhibition in a dual mechanism. Synergistic activity is always a better option than the molecule's normal biological activity. Herein, we have explored the dual COX/5-LOX inhibition property of the three major potent phytoconsituents (curcumin, capsaicin, and gingerol) from Indian spices using in silico tools and biophysical techniques in a quest to identify their probable inhibitory role as anti-inflammatory agents. Results revealed the dual COX/5-LOX inhibitory potential of curcumin. Gingerol and capsaicin also revealed favorable results as dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors. Our results are substantiated by target similarity studies, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, energy calculations, DFT, and QSAR studies. In experimental inhibitory (in vitro) studies, curcumin exhibited the best dual inhibitory activities against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX enzymes. Capsaicin and gingerol also showed inhibitory potential against both COX and LOX enzymes. In view of the anti-inflammatory potential these spice chemicals, this research could pave the way for more scientific exploration in this area for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur, 522213, India.
| | - Wafa Ali Eltayeb
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shendi University, Shendi, 414601, Sudan
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Amr Ahmed El-Arabey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sahar M Aldosari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al'Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Marković A, Živković A, Atanasova M, Doytchinova I, Hofmann B, George S, Kretschmer S, Rödl C, Steinhilber D, Stark H, Šmelcerović A. Thiazole derivatives as dual inhibitors of deoxyribonuclease I and 5-lipoxygenase: A promising scaffold for the development of neuroprotective drugs. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 381:110542. [PMID: 37224992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A library of 43 thiazole derivatives, including 31 previously and 12 newly synthesized in the present study, was evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory properties against bovine pancreatic DNase I. Nine compounds (including three newly synthesized) inhibited the enzyme showing improved inhibitory properties compared to that of the reference crystal violet (IC50 = 346.39 μM). Two compounds (5 and 29) stood out as the most potent DNase I inhibitors, with IC50 values below 100 μM. The 5-LO inhibitory properties of the investigated derivatives were also analyzed due to the importance of this enzyme in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds (12 and 29) proved to be the most prominent new 5-LO inhibitors, with IC50 values of 60 nM and 56 nM, respectively, in cell-free assay. Four compounds, including one previously (41) and three newly (12, 29 and 30) synthesized, have the ability to inhibit DNase I with IC50 values below 200 μM and 5-LO with IC50 values below 150 nM in cell-free assay. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to clarify DNase I and 5-LO inhibitory properties of the most potent representatives at the molecular level. The newly synthesized compound 29 (4-((4-(3-bromo-4-morpholinophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)amino)phenol) represents the most promising dual DNase I and 5-LO inhibitor, as it inhibited 5-LO in the nanomolar and DNase I in the double-digit micromolar concentration ranges. The results obtained in the present study, together with our recently published results for 4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-amines, represent a good basis for the development of new neuroprotective therapeutics based on dual inhibition of DNase I and 5-LO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marković
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Dr Zoran Đinđić Boulevard 81, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Živković
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Simon Kretschmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Carmen Rödl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andrija Šmelcerović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Dr Zoran Đinđić Boulevard 81, Niš, Serbia.
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13
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Belaiba M, Aldulaijan S, Messaoudi S, Abedrabba M, Dhouib A, Bouajila J. Evaluation of Biological Activities of Twenty Flavones and In Silico Docking Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062419. [PMID: 36985391 PMCID: PMC10052652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the biological activities of 20 flavones (M1 to M20) and discuss their structure–activity relationships. In vitro assays were established to assess their numerous biological activities (anti-α-amylase, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-superoxide dismutase, and anticancer cell lines (HCT-116, MCF7, OVCAR-3, IGROV-1, and SKOV-3 cells lines)). An in silico docking study was also established in order to find the relationship between the chemical structure and the biological activities. In vitro tests revealed that M5 and M13 were the most active in terms of anti-α-amylase activity (IC50 = 1.2 and 1.4 µM, respectively). M17 was an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and performed better than the reference (allopurinol), at IC50 = 0.9 µM. M7 presented interesting anti-inflammatory (IC50 = 38.5 µM), anti-supriode dismutase (anti-SOD) (IC50 = 31.5 µM), and anti-acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 10.2 µM) activities. Those abilities were in concordance with its high scavenging activity in antioxidant ABTS and DPPH assays, at IC50 = 6.3 and 5.2 µM, respectively. Selectivity was detected regarding cytotoxic activity for those flavones. M1 (IC50 = 35.9 µM) was a specific inhibitor to the MCF7 cancer cell lines. M3 (IC50 = 44.7 µM) and M15 (IC50 = 45.6 µM) were particularly potent for the OVCAR-3 cell line. M14 (IC50 = 4.6 µM) contributed more clearly to inhibiting the colon cancer cell line (HCT116). M7 (IC50 = 15.6 µM) was especially active against the ovarian SKOV human cancer cell line. The results of the biological activities were supported by means of in silico molecular docking calculations. This investigation analyzed the contribution of the structure–activity of natural flavones in terms of their biological properties, which is important for their future application against diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Belaiba
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Molécules et Applications, Université Tunis Carthage, IPEST, La Marsa 2070, Tunisia
| | - Sarah Aldulaijan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Molécules et Applications, Université Tunis Carthage, IPEST, La Marsa 2070, Tunisia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manef Abedrabba
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Molécules et Applications, Université Tunis Carthage, IPEST, La Marsa 2070, Tunisia
| | - Adnene Dhouib
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +33-562256885
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14
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Qahtan MQM, Bakhite EA, Kumari J, M Sayed A, Kandeel M, Sriram D, Abdu-Allah HHM. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of some new 4-aminosalicylic acid derivatives as anti-inflammatory and antimycobacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106344. [PMID: 36669356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new derivatives of the antitubercular and anti-inflammatory drug, 4-aminosaliclic acids (4-ASA) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for these activities. In vivo and in viro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity revealed that compounds 10, 19 and 20 are the most active with potent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipooxgenase (5-LOX) inhibition and without causing gasric lesions. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the newly synthesized compound were, also, measured against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV. Among the tested compounds 17, 19 and 20 exhibited significant activities against the growth of M. tuberculosis. 20 is the most potent with (MIC 1.04 µM) 2.5 folds more potent than the parent drug 4-ASA. 20 displayed low cytotoxicity against normal cell providing a high therapeutic index. Important structure features were analyzed by docking and structure-activity relationship analysis to give better insights into the structural determinants for predicting the anti-inflammatory and anti-TB activities. Our results indicated that compounds 19 and 20 are potential lead compounds for the discovery of dual anti-inflammatory and anti-TB drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Q M Qahtan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Etify A Bakhite
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Jyothi Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Hajjaj H M Abdu-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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15
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Thambi A, Chakraborty K. Anti-inflammatory decurrencyclics A-B, two undescribed nor-dammarane triterpenes from triangular sea bell Turbinaria decurrens. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:713-724. [PMID: 35707894 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2087182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Intertidal triangular sea bell Turbinaria decurrens (Bory de Saint-Vincent) (family Sargassaceae) belongs to one of the largely abundant genus of marine brown alga. Bioactivity-directed chromatographic purification of the organic extract of T. decurrens afforded two new nor-dammarane triterpenoids named as decurrencyclic A-B. Decurrencyclic B showed superior attenuation properties against cyclooxygenase-2 (IC50 13.98 μM) and 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 3.02 μM) in contrast with decurrencyclic A. Decurrencyclic B showed higher inhibition potential against COX-2 than that revealed by the anti-inflammatory agent, ibuprofen (IC50 70.44 μM). The higher selectivity index of decurrencyclics (1.39-1.57) acknowledged their selective attenuation property against inducible cyclooxygenase-2. In-silico molecular modeling analysis of decurrencyclic B with the inflammatory enzymes showed least binding energy of -14.55 kcal mol-1. These reports have proven that decurrencyclic B could be a potential therapeutic lead for use against inflammatory pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaly Thambi
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India
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16
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Paulose SK, Chakraborty K. Non-sulfated steroidal glycosides cistoindosides from marine 'old woman octopus' Cistopus indicus attenuate pro-inflammatory lipoxygenase. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:891-902. [PMID: 35793427 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2095634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Two non-sulfated steroidal glycosides, cistoindosides A-B were isolated from organic extract of the marine 'old woman octopus' Cistopus indicus (family Octopodidae). Their structures were characterized as 3β-acteoxy-23β-hydroxy-cholesta-9-ene-β-D-xylopyranoside (cistoindoside A) and 22,23-epoxy-3β-hydroxy-cholesta-5-ene-β-D-4'-O-acetoxy-xylopyranoside (cistoindoside B). Cistoindoside B, glycosylated with β-D-4'-O-acetoxy-xylopyranoside in conjunction with epoxy moieties displayed superior anti-inflammatory properties as acknowledged by its promising 5-lipoxygenase attenuation potential (IC50 2.11 µM) than the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor drug zileuton (IC50 3.76 µM). The anti-inflammatory properties were corroborated by the promising antioxidant activities (IC50 ∼ 1.0-1.5 mM) of these steroid glycosides. Sizeably greater electronic properties, balanced hydrophobic-lipophilic properties (log POW ∼ 4.0) and comparatively lower steric factors were directly proportional to their bioactivities. Molecular simulation studies in the active sites of 5-lipoxygenase displaying lesser binding energies and inhibition constant (Ki) of cistoindoside B could be correlated with anti-inflammatory properties. Cistoindosides could be projected for their utilization as potential bioactive leads in functional food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Kunnappilly Paulose
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India.,Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, India
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17
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El-Miligy MMM, Al-Kubeisi AK, Bekhit MG, El-Zemity SR, Nassra RA, Hazzaa AA. Towards safer anti-inflammatory therapy: synthesis of new thymol–pyrazole hybrids as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:294-308. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2147164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. M. El-Miligy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed G. Bekhit
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Saad R. El-Zemity
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Nassra
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aly A. Hazzaa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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18
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Gallegos EM, Reed TD, Mathes FA, Guevara NV, Neau DB, Huang W, Newcomer ME, Gilbert NC. Helical remodeling augments 5-lipoxygenase activity in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102282. [PMID: 35863431 PMCID: PMC9418500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes implicated in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atherosclerosis is initiated by the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). The crystal structure of human Stable-5-LOX revealed a conformation where the catalytic iron was inaccessible to bulk solvent as two aromatic residues on a conserved helix-α2 (Hα2) plugged the substrate access portal. Whether 5-LOX can also adopt a more open conformation has not been resolved. Here, we present a new conformation of 5-LOX where Hα2 adopts an elongated conformation equivalent to that described in other animal lipoxygenase structures. Our observation of the sigmoidal kinetic behavior of 5-LOX, which is indicative of positive cooperativity, is consistent with a substrate-induced conformational change that shifts the ensemble of enzyme populations to favor the catalytically competent state. Strategic point mutations along Hα2 designed to unlock the closed conformation and elongate Hα2 resulted in improved kinetic parameters, altered limited-proteolysis data, and a drastic reduction in the length of the lag phase yielding the most active Stable-5-LOX to date. Structural predictions by AlphaFold2 of these variants statistically favor an elongated Hα2 and reinforce a model in which improved kinetic parameters correlate with a more readily adopted, open conformation. Taken together, these data provide valuable insights into the synthesis of leukotrienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden M Gallegos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Tanner D Reed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Forge A Mathes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Nelson V Guevara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - David B Neau
- Cornell University, Northeastern Collaborative Access Team, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marcia E Newcomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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19
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Paulose SK, Chakraborty K. Oxaspiro indiculides from old woman octopus Cistopus indicus as dual inhibitors of inducible cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200277. [PMID: 35661399 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The organic extract of the old lady octopus Cistopus indicus (Octopodidae), ubiquitous in the Central and South Indo-Pacific to the tropical Indian Ocean, was chromatographically fractionated over a reverse-phase adsorbent to yield two oxygenated spiro heterocyclic compounds, named indiculides A and B. Their structures were elucidated by using comprehensive spectroscopic methods. The radical scavenging potential displayed by indiculide A (IC50 ~1.2 mM) besides attenuating the cyclooxygenase isoforms (COX-1/COX-2; IC50 3.36/3.02 μM) showed considerably superior activities when equated to those showed by indiculide B (IC50 3.45/3.22 μM). The inhibition property of indiculide A (IC50 2.57 μM) against 5-LOX was significantly greater than that of the standard 5-LOX inhibitor zileuton (IC50 3.70 μM, p < 0.05). A greater selectivity index (anti-COX-1/anti-COX-2, 1.11) was perceived for indiculide A than that demonstrated by indiculide B (1.07) and anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (0.96). Structure bio-activity relation study of indiculide A disclosed proportionality to the electronic properties besides permissible hydrophobicity-lipophilicity equilibrium, which could result in its efficient interface with the active site of inflammatory enzyme causing promising anti-inflammatory potential. Larger hydrogen bond networks of indiculide A on account of the more electronic-rich centers in conjunction with reduced docking factors reinforced its noteworthy attenuation potential against 5-LOX. The in vitro bioactivity assessment and in silico docking results were further validated by the superior drug-like characteristics of indiculide A (drug-likeness score, 0.21) than B analogue, and therefore, the former metabolite could be a potential anti-inflammatory lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Kunnappilly Paulose
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Biotechnology Division, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, 682018, Cochin, INDIA
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Biotechnology Division, Ernakulam North P.O., P.B. No. 1603, Cochin - 682018, Kerala, 682018, Ernakulam, INDIA
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20
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Kotlyarov S. Analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:34-54. [PMID: 35189051 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important medical and social problem, and the keys to solving this problem are still largely unknown. A common situation in real clinical practice is the comorbid course of atherosclerosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Diseases share some common risk factors and may be closely linked pathogenetically. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to examine the gene ontology (GO) of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. DEGs were identified using the limma R package with the settings p < 0.05, corrected using the Benjamini & Hochberg algorithm and ǀlog 2FCǀ > 1.0. The GO, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. RESULTS The biological processes and signaling pathways involving common DEGs from airway epithelial datasets in COPD and tissue in peripheral atherosclerosis were identified. A total of 15 DEGs were identified, comprising 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated DEGs. The GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated hub genes were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, regulation of angiogenesis, icosanoid biosynthetic process, and cellular response to a chemical stimulus. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the common pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. CONCLUSIONS Biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune response may link the development and progression of COPD and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026, Ryazan, Russian Federation
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21
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Qurrat-Ul-Ain, Abid A, Lateef M, Rafiq N, Eijaz S, Tauseef S. Multi-activity tetracoordinated pallado-oxadiazole thiones as anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-microbial agents: Structure, stability and bioactivity comparison with pallado-hydrazides. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112561. [PMID: 34965504 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a comparative study based on structure, thermal and solution stability, and biopotency against lipoxygenase (LOX), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and microbes for Pd(II) compounds of N,O,S bearing 5-(C5H4XR)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiones (L') of type [PdL'Cl2] (P'n) and N,O bearing respective hydrazides (L) of type trans-[PdL2Cl2] (Pn) {X = C, R = 4-I, 2-Br, 4-NO2, 3-NO2, 2-Cl, 3-Cl (n = 1-6, serially); X = N (n = 7)}. Spectral techniques (IR, EI-MS, NMR) and physicochemical evaluations successfully characterized the new compounds. The L' behaved as bidentate S-N donors bonded through exocyclic sulfur and N-3' nitrogen, while L acted as amino N donors. UV-vis (solution speciation) and thermal degradation profiles consistently confirmed the greater stability for P'n than Pn compounds. These compounds manifested varying degree in vitro potential to inhibit LOX, BChE and several bacteria and fungi, affected mainly by Pd(II) presence, M-L binding mode, nature and position of R, or halo groups electronegativity. Molecular docking with human 5-LOX and BChE further validated the respective experimental inhibition findings and explored several putative mechanistic interactions (H-bonding, π-stacking, π-alkyl, π-S, etc.) at the enzyme active sites. Pn generally offered superior antimicrobial and anti-LOX (anti-inflammatory) potential than respective P'n compounds, with P3/P'5, P(2,3,7)/P'3, and P6 being comparable, better and equivalent to ampicillin, nystatin and baicalein, the reference antibacterial, antifungal and anti-LOX drugs, respectively. Contrarily, the anti-BChE activity of P'n was found better than Pn compounds, showing P'2/P1 as the most promising anti-Alzheimer drug candidates. This study bares important structural and mechanistic aspects in optimizing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-Alzheimer activities, highlighting some potential future pallado-drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurrat-Ul-Ain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Aisha Abid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Lateef
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Laboratory (MDRL), Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi 75500, Pakistan
| | - Naushaba Rafiq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sana Eijaz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saima Tauseef
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
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Kim SE, Lee J, An JU, Kim TH, Oh CW, Ko YJ, Krishnan M, Choi J, Yoon DY, Kim Y, Oh DK. Regioselectivity of an arachidonate 9S-lipoxygenase from Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida that biosynthesizes 9S,15S- and 11S,17S-dihydroxy fatty acids from C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159091. [PMID: 34902567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) biosynthesize lipid mediators (LMs) as human signaling molecules. Among LMs, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are involved in the resolution of inflammation and infection in humans. Here, the putative LOX from the bacterium Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida was identified as arachidonate 9S-LOX. The enzyme catalyzed oxygenation at the n-12 position of C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to form 9S- and 11S-hydroperoxy fatty acids, which were reduced to 9S- and 11S-hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) by cysteine, respectively, and it catalyzed again oxygenation at the n-6 position of HFAs to form 9S,15S- and 11S,17S-DiHFAs, respectively. The regioselective residues of 9S-LOX were determined as lle395 and Val569 based on the amino acid alignment and homology models. The regioselectivity of the I395F variant was changed from the n-12 position on C20 PUFA to the n-6 position to form 15S-HFAs. This may be due to the reduction of the substrate-binding pocket by replacing the smaller Ile with a larger Phe. The V569W variant had a significantly lower second‑oxygenating activity compared to wild-type 9S-LOX because the insertion of the hydroxyl group of the first‑oxygenating products at the active site was seemed to be hindered by substituting a larger Trp for a smaller Val. The compounds, 11S-hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid, 9S,15S-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 9S,15S-dihydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid, 11S,17S-hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid, and 11S,17S-dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, were newly identified by polarimeter, LC-MS/MS, and NMR. 11S,17S-DiHFAs as SPM isomers biosynthesized from C22 PUFAs showed anti-inflammatory activities in mouse and human cells. Our study contributes may stimulate physiological studies by providing new LMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ung An
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Won Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Manigandan Krishnan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhyeok Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangmee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Dhara S, Chakraborty K. Anti-inflammatory xenicane-type diterpenoid from the intertidal brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium. Nat Prod Res 2021; 35:5699-5709. [PMID: 32993391 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1825426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical analysis of the organic extract from intertidal brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium (family Sargassaceae) characterised an undescribed xenicane-type diterpenoid sargilicixenicane, elucidated as 3-(17-hydroxy-14-methylhept-13-en-10-yl)-6-methylhexahydro-1H-cyclonona[c]furan-4,19-diyl diacetate (compound 1). The studied compound exhibited prospective free radical quenching potential (IC50 1.2-1.4 mM) in comparison with commercial antioxidant (α-tocopherol, IC50 > 1.40 mM). Attenuation property of sargilicixenicane against pro-inflammatory enzyme, 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 4.70 mM) was comparable with that displayed by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen (IC50 4.51 mM). Greater selectivity index displayed by the studied xenicane-type diterpenoid (1.42) than that exhibited by ibuprofen (0.44) recognised the selective attenuation potential of the former against the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase enzymes. Higher electronic parameters (topological polar surface area, 82.06) and balanced hydrophobic-hydrophilic property (octanol-water partition coefficient 2.94) coupled with docking score (-11.17 kcal mol-1) and lower binding energy (-9.61 kcal mol-1) with the active site of 5-lipoxygenase supported the significant anti-inflammatory properties of the studied xenicane-type diterpenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Dhara
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
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24
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Dhara S, Chakraborty K. Novel Furanyl-Substituted Isochromanyl Class of Anti-Inflammatory Turbinochromanone from Brown Seaweed Turbinaria conoides. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100723. [PMID: 34762766 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic extract of the brown seaweed Turbinaria conoides (Sargassaceae) was chromatographically fractionated to yield an undescribed furanyl-substituted isochromanyl metabolite, named as turbinochromanone, which was characterized as methyl 4-[(3S)-8-{[(3R)-4-ethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-yl]methyl}-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-3-yl]butanoate. The isochromanyl derivative possessed comparable attenuation potential against 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 3.70 μM) with standard 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor drug zileuton (IC50 2.41 μM). Noticeably, the index of anti-inflammatory selectivity of turbinochromanone (∼1.7) was considerably greater than that exhibited by the standard agent diclofenac (1.06). Antioxidant properties of turbinochromanone against oxidants (IC50 ∼24 μM) further supported its potential anti-inflammatory property. Greater electronic properties (topological polar surface area of 61.8) along with comparatively lesser docking parameters of the studied compound with aminoacyl residues of targeted enzymes (cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase) (binding energy of -11.05 and -9.40 kcal mol-1 , respectively) recognized its prospective anti-inflammatory potential. In an aim to develop seaweed-based natural anti-inflammatory leads, the present study isolated turbinochromanone as promising 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, which could be used for pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Dhara
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala State, India.,Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, Karnataka State, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala State, India
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Chakraborty K, Dhara S. Conoidecyclics A-C from marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides: Newly described natural macrolides with prospective bioactive properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112909. [PMID: 34419665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal marine brown alga Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kützing (family Sargassaceae) is considered as one of the largely abundant species, available in the coastal zones of the Indian subcontinent. Bioactivity-guided chromatographic fractionation of the organic extract of T. conoides resulted in three previously undescribed macrocyclic lactone homologues, named as conoidecyclics A-C. Conoidecyclic A displayed greater attenuation potential against cyclooxygenase-2 (IC50 1.75 mM) and 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 4.24 mM) in comparison with other analogues. Conoidecyclic A exhibited higher attenuation potential against 5-lipoxygenase than that displayed by an anti-inflammatory agent, ibuprofen (IC50 4.51 mM). The higher selectivity index of conoidecyclic A (1.79) recognized its selective attenuation potential against the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme. Inhibition potential of conoidecyclic A against angiotensin converting enzyme-I (IC50 1.23 mM) and protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (IC50 1.39 mM) were non-competitive, as deduced by kinetic studies. In-silico molecular modeling study of conoidecyclic A with the allosteric sites of the targeted enzymes exhibited least binding energy of -14.51 to -11.27 kcal mol-1 compared to those exhibited by other studied macrolide homologues. Reaction kinetic studies of conoidecyclic A coupled with lesser apparent Vmax inferred that it could efficiently bind with the allosteric site of targeted enzymes in a non-competitive manner to diminish the reaction velocity resulting in enzyme inhibition. Drug-likeness and predictive pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclic A exhibited an acceptable oral bioavailability. These reports inferred that conoidecyclic A encompassing pentacosa macrocyclic moiety could be a promising therapeutic lead to inhibit the enzymes related to the development and progression of pathological conditions leading to inflammation, hypertension and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, India.
| | - Shubhajit Dhara
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, India; Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, Karnataka State, India
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Horchani M, Heise NV, Hoenke S, Csuk R, Harrath AH, Ben Jannet H, Romdhane A. Synthesis and In Silico Docking of New Pyrazolo[ 4,3-e]pyrido[ 1,2-a]pyrimidine-based Cytotoxic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910258. [PMID: 34638600 PMCID: PMC8508785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore a new set of anticancer agents, a novel series of pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivativeshave been designed and synthesized viacyclocondensation reactions of pyrazolo-enaminone with a series of arylidenemalononitriles; compound 5 was obtained from 5-amino-4-cyanopyrazole. The structures of the target compounds were investigated by spectral techniques and elemental analysis (IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS). All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity employing a panel of different human tumor cell lines, A375, HT29, MCF7, A2780, FaDu as well as non-malignant NIH 3T3 and HEK293 cells. It has been found that the pyrazolo-pyrido-pyrimidine analog bearing a 4-Br-phenyl moiety was the most active toward many cell lines with EC50 values ranging between 9.1 and 13.5 µM. Moreover, in silico docking studies of the latter with six anticancer drug targets, i.e., DHFR, VEGFR2, HER-2/neu, hCA-IX, CDK6 and LOX5, were also performed, in order to gain some insights into their putative mode of binding interaction and to estimate the free binding energy of this bioactive molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabrouk Horchani
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products (LR11ES39), Faculty of Sciences Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (M.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Niels V. Heise
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.V.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Sophie Hoenke
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.V.H.); (S.H.)
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.V.H.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (H.B.J.)
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyad 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hichem Ben Jannet
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products (LR11ES39), Faculty of Sciences Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (M.H.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (H.B.J.)
| | - Anis Romdhane
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products (LR11ES39), Faculty of Sciences Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (M.H.); (A.R.)
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Chakraborty K, Dhara S, Mani AE. Ulvapyrone, a pyrone-linked benzochromene from sea lettuce Ulva lactuca Linnaeus (family Ulvaceae): newly described anti-inflammatory agent attenuates arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4114-4124. [PMID: 34542363 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1976173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Green marine macroalgae, particularly Ulva lactuca, is an essential constituent of the cuisines in many Asian countries. The present work aims to separate a bioactive pyrone attached benzochromene analogue, named as ulvapyrone from the organic extract of U. lactuca, followed by its structural characterisation as 2-{(6a'-hydroxyethyl-4'-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2'-one)-6'-yl}-4-methyl-7-ethylacetate-8-hydroxy-7, 8-dihydrobenzo [de]chromene. Ulvapyrone exhibited prospective inhibition property against arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 ∼1 mg mL-1) comparable to that demonstrated by ibuprofen (IC50 0.9 mg mL-1), which connoted its anti-inflammatory activity. The studied benzochromene exhibited promising antioxidant potential (IC50 0.5-0.6 mg mL-1), which further reinforced its attenuation property against 5-lipoxygenase. Bioactivities of ulvapyrone were linearly correlated with electronic parameter (topological polar surface area ∼102) along with less binding energy (-8.22 kcal mol-1) with the allosteric site of 5-lipoxygenase. In silico predictions of physicochemical parameters along with absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion could recognise the acceptable oral bioavailability of ulvapyrone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Shubhajit Dhara
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Cochin, Kerala, India
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Paulose SK, Chakraborty K. Antioxidant spiropharanone, an undescribed variant of trans-decalin spiro-γ-lactone, from pharaoh cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis: Twin inhibitors of inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase and serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase-4. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13919. [PMID: 34486135 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Marine pharaoh cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis (family Sepiidae) is regarded as an economically important class of cephalopod in the coastal Mediterranean and Asian regions. Bioassay-guided chromatographic purification of solvent extract of S. pharaonis led to the identification of a trans-decalin based spirolactone, spiropharanone, which was characterized as 1-hydroxy-7-(4'-methoxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,9,15-trimethyl-8-oxo-octahydro-5H-spiro[furan-8,9-naphtho]-8-yl-acetate by spectroscopic techniques. Spiropharanone exhibited significantly greater anti-inflammatory activity by attenuating pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 1.02 mM) than the non-steroidal drug ibuprofen (IC50 4.61 mM, p ≤ .05). Superior antioxidant properties of spiropharanone against free radicals (EC50 ~1.20 mM) and other oxidants (hydroxyl [EC50 0.97 mM] and superoxide [EC50 1.47 mM] scavenging) also reinforced its promising anti-inflammatory activity. The studied spiropharanone also exhibited significant attenuation toward insulin secretion regulating enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (IC50 0.92 mM) recognizing its anti-hyperglycemic potential. Significantly higher electronic properties (topological polar surface area ~100) combined with balanced hydrophilic-lipophilic properties (partition coefficient of logarithmic octanol-water ~3) and lesser docking parameters of spiropharanone demonstrated that the compound could be utilized as an important bioactive lead against oxidative stress, inflammation, and hyperglycemic-related ailments. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Nutritionally rich edible marine pharaoh cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis occupies a prominent place among seafood fisheries owing to the presence of bioactive nutrients and functional food ingredients. These marine cuttlefish are widely distributed along the Asian and Mediterranean coasts, and consumed as culinary delicacy for decades. An undescribed trans-decalin spirolactone, spiropharanone was isolated from the organic extract of S. pharaonis based on bioactivity-assisted sequential chromatographic fractionation. Spiropharanone displayed promising antioxidant potential along with attenuation properties against inducible pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase and insulin secretion regulating enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. This study established the ameliorating potential of a naturally derived marine food constituent against inflammatory and diabetic ailments, and thus anticipated as functional food lead in pharmaceutical formulations towards inflammation and maintaining glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Kunnappilly Paulose
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India.,Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
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Chakraborty K, Joy M, Raola VK. Anti-inflammatory β-sitosterols from the Asiatic loop-root mangrove Rhizophora mucronata attenuate 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 enzymes. Steroids 2021; 172:108860. [PMID: 33971207 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Four biogenic β-sitosterol analogues were identified from methanolic extract of the leaves of loop-root mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. These were characterized as 4, 14, 23-trimethyl-3β-sitosterol (1), 7-ethyl-3β-sitosterol (2), sitosteryl-3β-(33E)-pent-33-enoate (3) and 12α-hydroxy-3β-sitosterol (4) based on comprehensive spectroscopic techniques. Anti-inflammatory activities of β-sitosterol 4 against pro-inflammatory enzymes 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 were found to be significantly higher (IC50 1.85 and 1.92 mM, respectively) compared to those demonstrated by compounds of 1-3 (p < 0.05). These β-sitosterol analogues disclosed superior selectivity indices (1.43-2.07) with regard to inducible cyclooxygenase-2 than its constitutive isoform cyclooxygenase-1, when compared to the standard, ibuprofen (0.44). Antioxidant properties of 12α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol (4) were found to be significantly greater (IC50 1.43-1.67 mM) than those of other sitosterol analogues. Structure-activity correlation analyses put forward that the bioactive potencies of the titled β-sitosterols were positively correlated to their electronic parameters. Molecular docking simulations were carried out in the active sites of 5-lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase-2, and the docking scores and binding energies of the studied β-sitosterol analogues were positively correlated with their attenuation properties against 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, India.
| | - Minju Joy
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Raola
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, India
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Kumari P, Singh P, Kaur J, Bhatti R. Design, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of Stereoconfigured Tartarate Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents In Vitro and In Vivo. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9550-9566. [PMID: 34137625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical data reveal that inflammation is strongly correlated with the pathogenesis of a number of diseases including those of cancer, Alzheimer, and diabetes. The inflammatory cascade involves a multitude of cytokines ending ultimately with the activation of COX-2/LOX for the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. While the available inhibitors for these enzymes suffer from nonoptimal selectivity, in particular for COX-2, we present here the results of purposely designed tartarate derivatives that exhibit favorable selectivity and significant effectiveness against COX-2 and LOX. Integrated approaches of molecular simulation, organic synthesis, and biochemical/physical experiments identified 15 inhibiting COX-2 and LOX with respective IC50 4 and 7 nM. At a dose of 5 mg kg-1 to Swiss albino mice, 15 reversed algesia by 65% and inflammation by 33% in 2-3 h. We find good agreement between experiments and simulations and use the simulations to rationalize our observations.
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Yu S, Chen WX, Zhang YF, Chen C, Ni Y, Duan B, Wang H, Xu ZM. Recessive LOXHD1 variants cause a prelingual down-sloping hearing loss: genotype-phenotype correlation and three additional children with novel variants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 145:110715. [PMID: 33892339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic mutations in LOXHD1 have been identified as the cause of DFNB77 (deafness, autosomal recessive 77). It is a new progressive, severe-to-profound, and late-onset nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL), and is highly heterogeneous genetically and phenotypically. This study aimed to provide an additional three cases of DFNB77. METHODS We presented three unrelated children diagnosed with prelingual mild-to-severe NSHL, and their audiograms showed mild hearing loss at 250 Hz before downsloping to a moderate-to-severe degree. Trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted to identify the pathogenic variants. Additionally, we reviewed the literature to further analyze the relationships between the genotype and audiology phenotype of LOXHD1. RESULTS Six novel possible pathogenic LOXHD1 variants were identified, including three missense, one nonsense, and two splicing variants. The literature review showed that 68.5% of patients with DFNB77 onset before five years old; Most variants (62%) were associated with a down-sloping audiogram of mild-to-moderate hearing loss at low frequencies (200Hz, 500Hz), particularly variants in the protein domain of PLAT 9. We found that compared with homozygous LOXHD1 variants, individuals with heterozygous compound variants had a significantly milder phenotype, especially individuals carrying one missense and one splicing or bi-allelic missense variants (P < 0.05). Audiometric analysis at different ages showed that the hearing loss degree was aggravated at all frequencies by increasing age. CONCLUSIONS We report three children with prelingual NSHL carrying six novel LOXHD1 variants. Furthermore, our work indicates that DFNB77 may be milder than previously reported and recommends considering the genotype combination and mutation location of LOXHD1 and race-specificity in DFNB77 molecular diagnoses and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xia Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zheng-Min Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
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Mahboubi-Rabbani M, Zarghi A. Lipoxygenase Inhibitors as Cancer Chemopreventives: Discovery, Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1143-1175. [PMID: 31820690 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191210104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukotrienes (LTs) constitute a bioactive group of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) metabolites molded by the enzymatic activity of lipoxygenase (LO) and have a pivotal role in inflammation and allergy. Evidence is accumulating both by in vitro cell culture experiments and animal tumor model studies in support of the direct involvement of aberrant metabolism of arachidonic acid (ACD) in the development of several types of human cancers such as lung, prostate, pancreatic and colorectal malignancies. Several independent experimental data suggest a correlation between tumoral cells viability and LO gene expression, especially, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Overexpressed 5-LO cells live longer, proliferate faster, invade more effectively through extracellular matrix destruction and activate the anti-apoptotic signaling mechanisms more intensively compared to the normal counterparts. Thus, some groups of lipoxygenase inhibitors may be effective as promising chemopreventive agents. METHODS A structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature regarding the role of LO in the pathogenesis of cancer was performed. The characteristics of screened papers were summarized and the latest advances focused on the discovery of new LO inhibitors as anticancer agents were discussed. RESULTS More than 180 papers were included and summarized in this review; the majority was about the newly designed and synthesized 5-LO inhibitors as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. The enzyme's structure, 5-LO pathway, 5-LO inhibitors structure-activity relationships as well as the correlation between these drugs and a number of most prevalent human cancers were described. In most cases, it has been emphasized that dual cyclooxygenase-2/5-lipoxygenase (COX-2/5-LO) or dual 5-lipoxygenase/microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (5-LO/mPGES-1) inhibitors possess considerable inhibitory activities against their target enzymes as well as potent antiproliferative effects. Several papers disclosing 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) antagonists as a new group of 5-LO activity regulators are also subject to this review. Also, the potential of 12-lipoxygenase (12- LO) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) inhibitors as chemopreventive agents was outlined to expand the scope of new anticancer agents discovery. Some peptides and peptidomimetics with anti-LT activities were described as well. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors and their adverse effects were discussed and some novel series of natural-product-derived inhibitors of LO was also discussed in this review. CONCLUSION This review gives insights into the novel lipoxygenase inhibitors with anticancer activity as well as the different molecular pharmacological strategies to inhibit the enzyme effectively. The findings confirm that certain groups of LO inhibitors could act as promising chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhao X, Wang S, Li X, Liu H, Xu S. Cadmium exposure induces TNF-α-mediated necroptosis via FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway in swine myocardium. Toxicology 2021; 453:152733. [PMID: 33626375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one common environmental pollutant with systemic toxicity. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) can regulate transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway and alleviate tissue injury via binding to formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway can promote the occurence of necroptosis. However, whether Cd exposure induces necroptosis in swine myocardium and the role of FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway in this process are unclear. Hence, we established Cd-exposed swine myocardial injury model by feeding a CdCl2 added diet (20 mg Cd/kg diet). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the morphological changes, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was performed to detect the levels of ion elements in myocardium. We further detected LXA4 and its receptor FPR2, TGF-β, Nrf2, NF-κB pathway and necroptosis related-genes expressions by RT-PCR and western blot. The results showed that Cd exposure induced necrotic cell death and ion homeostasis imbalance in swine myocardium. Moreover, Cd exposure increased the LXA4 content, inhibited the FPR2 expression, activated TGF-β pathway and suppressed Nrf2 pathway, activating the NF-κB pathway. In addition, Cd exposure increased the expressions of necroptosis related-genes TNF-α, TNFR1, RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL. It indicated Cd exposure induced necroptosis via FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway, revealing the potential mechanism of Cd-induced cardiotoxicity in swine myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Radan M, Bošković J, Dobričić V, Čudina O, Nikolić K. Current computer-aided drug design methodologies in discovery of novel drug candidates for neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-32523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery and development is a very challenging, expensive and time-consuming process. Impressive technological advances in computer sciences and molecular biology have made it possible to use computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods in various stages of the drug discovery and development pipeline. Nowadays, CADD presents an efficacious and indispensable tool, widely used in medicinal chemistry, to lead rational drug design and synthesis of novel compounds. In this article, an overview of commonly used CADD approaches from hit identification to lead optimization was presented. Moreover, different aspects of design of multitarget ligands for neuropsychiatric and anti-inflammatory diseases were summarized. Apparently, designing multi-target directed ligands for treatment of various complex diseases may offer better efficacy, and fewer side effects. Antipsychotics that act through aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially Dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are the best option for treatment of various symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, multi-target directed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors are also a successful approach to aid the discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects. Overall, employing CADD approaches in the process of rational drug design provides a great opportunity for future development, allowing rapid identification of compounds with the optimal polypharmacological profile.
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Yeni Y, Supandi S, Dwita LP, Suswandari S, Shaharun MS, Sambudi NS. Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Ipomoea batatas L. Leaves Compounds as Lipoxygenase (LOX) Inhibitor. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S836-S840. [PMID: 33828386 PMCID: PMC8021039 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_103_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory mediators produced by cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways are responsible for many human diseases, such as cancer, arthritis, and neurological disorders. Flavonoid-containing plants, such as Ipomoea batatas leaves, have shown potential anti-inflammatory activity. Objectives This study aimed to predict the actions of 10 compounds in I. batatas leaves, which are YGM-0a [cyanidin 3-0-sophoroside-5-0-glucosede], YGM-0f [cyanidin 3-O-(2-0-(6-0-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)-5-0-β-D-glucopyranoside], YGM-1a [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylp-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside) -5-glucoside], YGM-1b [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-dicaffeylsophor-oside)-5-glucoside], YGM-2 [cyanidin 3-(6-caffeylsophoroside)-5-glucoside], YGM-3 [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-caffeyl-ferulylsophoroside)-5-glucoside], YGM-4b [peonidin 3-(6,6'-dicaffeylsophoroside)-5- glucoside], YGM-5a [peonidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylphydroxybenzo-ylsophoroside)-5-gluco-side], YGM-5b [cyanidin 3-6-caffeylsophoroside)-5-glucosede], and YGM-6 [peonidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylferulylsophoroside)-5-glucoside] as LOX inhibitors, and also predict the stability of ligand-LOX complex. Materials and Methods The compounds were screened through docking studies using PLANTS. Also, the molecular dynamics simulation was conducted using GROMACS at 310K. Results The results showed that the most significant binding affinity toward LOX was shown by YGM-0a and YGM-0a, and the LOX complex in molecular dynamics simulation showed stability for 20 ns. Conclusion Based on Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of I. Batatas Leaves compounds, YGM-0a was shown to be the most probable LOX inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Yeni
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Supandi Supandi
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lusi P Dwita
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suswandari Suswandari
- Department of Postgraduate of Social Science Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maizatul S Shaharun
- Department of Fundamental & Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nonni S Sambudi
- Department of Fundamental & Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia
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Computational analysis of eugenol inhibitory activity in lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16204. [PMID: 33004893 PMCID: PMC7530671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is triggered by numerous diseases such as osteoarthritis, Crohn's disease and cancer. The control of the pro-inflammatory process can prevent, mitigate and/or inhibit the evolution of these diseases. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs have been studied as possible compounds to act in these diseases. This paper proposes a computational analysis of eugenol in relation to aspirin and diclofenac and analyzing the ADMET profile and interactions with COX-2 and 5-LOX enzymes, important enzymes in the signaling pathway of pro-inflammatory processes. Through the analysis of ADMET in silico, it was found that the pharmacokinetic results of eugenol are similar to NSAIDs, such as diclofenac and aspirin. Bioinformatics analysis using coupling tests showed that eugenol can bind to COX-2 and 5-LOX. These results corroborate with different findings in the literature that demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity with less gastric irritation, bleeding and ulcerogenic side effects of eugenol. The results of bioinformatics reinforce studies that try to propose eugenol as an anti-inflammatory compound that can act in the COX-2/5-LOX pathways, replacing some NSAIDs in different diseases.
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Sagaama A, Issaoui N. Design, molecular docking analysis of an anti-inflammatory drug, computational analysis and intermolecular interactions energy studies of 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 88:107348. [PMID: 32739798 PMCID: PMC7384430 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, theoretical study on molecular geometry, vibrational, pharmaceutical and electronic properties of the monomeric and dimeric structures of 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2BT) were carried out using B3LYP hybrid functional with 6-311++G(d,p) as basis set. The structural study show that the stability of 2BT crystalline structure arising from O-H…O, C-H…O as well as S-H…O hydrogen bonding interactions. Vibrational analysis, for monomer and dimer species, show a good compatibility between experimental and theoretical frequencies. Then, the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts were calculated using Gauge Independent Atomic Orbital (GIAO) technical. In addition, the UV-Vis spectrum was simulated in gas phase and in water throughout TD-DFT calculation. The electronic transitions were identified based on HOM-LUMO energies. However, donor-acceptor interactions and charge delocalization has been studied via natural bond orbital (NBO). The nucleophilic and electrophilic site localization is identified by molecular electrostatic potential. Hirshfeld surface analysis has been discussed based on color code demonstrating the various non covalent interactions. Besides, molecular docking analysis was reported to evince the pharmaceutical properties of the studied molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Sagaama
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR18ES18, Faculty of Sciences, Monastir 5079, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Issaoui
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR18ES18, Faculty of Sciences, Monastir 5079, Tunisia.
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Structural considerations on lipoxygenase function, inhibition and crosstalk with nitric oxide pathways. Biochimie 2020; 178:170-180. [PMID: 32980463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOX) are non-heme iron-containing enzymes that catalyze regio- and stereo-selective dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Mammalian LOXs participate in the eicosanoid cascade during the inflammatory response, using preferentially arachidonic acid (AA) as substrate, for the synthesis of leukotrienes (LT) and other oxidized-lipid intermediaries. This review focus on lipoxygenases (LOX) structural and kinetic implications on both catalysis selectivity, as well as the basic and clinical implications of inhibition and interactions with nitric oxide (•NO) and nitroalkenes pathways. During inflammation •NO levels are increasingly favoring the formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS). •NO may act itself as an inhibitor of LOX-mediated lipid oxidation by reacting with lipid peroxyl radicals. Besides, •NO may act as an O2 competitor in the LOX active site, thus displaying a protective role on lipid-peroxidation. Moreover, RNS such as nitrogen dioxide (•NO2) may react with lipid-derived species formed during LOX reaction, yielding nitroalkenes (NO2FA). NO2FA represents electrophilic compounds that could exert anti-inflammatory actions through the interaction with critical LOX nucleophilic amino acids. We will discuss how nitro-oxidative conditions may limit the availability of common LOX substrates, favoring alternative routes of PUFA metabolization to anti-inflammatory or pro-resolutive pathways.
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Polyether macrocyclic polyketide from the muricid gastropod Chicoreus ramosus attenuates pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lončarić M, Strelec I, Pavić V, Šubarić D, Rastija V, Molnar M. Lipoxygenase Inhibition Activity of Coumarin Derivatives-QSAR and Molecular Docking Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13070154. [PMID: 32709129 PMCID: PMC7408124 DOI: 10.3390/ph13070154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of enzymes found in plants, mammals, and microorganisms. In animals and plants, the enzyme has the capability for the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Although LOXs participate in the plant defense system, the enzyme’s metabolites can have numerous negative effects on human health. Therefore, many types of research are searching for compounds that can inhibit LOXs. The best quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model was obtained using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). Molecular docking was performed with iGEMDOCK. The inhibition of lipoxygenase was in the range of 7.1 to 96.6%, and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation was 7.0–91.0%. Among the synthesized compounds, the strongest inhibitor of soybean LOX-3 (96.6%) was found to be 3-benzoyl-7-(benzyloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one. A lipid peroxidation inhibition of 91.0% was achieved with ethyl 7-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate. The docking scores for the soybean LOX-3 and human 5-LOX also indicated that this compound has the best affinity for these LOX enzymes. The best multiple linear QSAR model contains the atom-centered fragment descriptors C-06, RDF035p, and HATS8p. QSAR and molecular docking studies elucidated the structural features important for the enhanced inhibitory activity of the most active compounds, such as the presence of the benzoyl ring at the 3-position of coumarin’s core. Compounds with benzoyl substituents are promising candidates as potent lipoxygenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melita Lončarić
- Faculty of Food Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Ivica Strelec
- Faculty of Food Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Valentina Pavić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Domagoj Šubarić
- Department of Agroecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (D.Š.); (V.R.)
| | - Vesna Rastija
- Department of Agroecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (D.Š.); (V.R.)
| | - Maja Molnar
- Faculty of Food Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.L.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-31-224-342
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Chakraborty K, Antony T. Salicornolides A-C from Gracilaria salicornia attenuate pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygense: Prospective natural anti-inflammatory leads. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 172:112259. [PMID: 31954358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three macrolides bearing the carbon framework of oxabicyclo[21.3.1]heptacosa-ene-diones (A and B) and oxabicyclo[19.3.1]pentacosa-ene-dione (C) were isolated and characterised from the organic extract of the intertidal red seaweed Gracilaria salicornia (family Gracilariaceae), which were named as salicornolides A-C. These natural macrolides were conformationally pre-organised ring structure providing diverse functionalities, and their potential bioactive properties led to the development of pharmacophores with anti-inflammatory properties. The 21-membered pyran-enclosed salicornolide B displayed greater cyclooxygenase-2 (IC50 COX-2 1.13 mM) inhibitory activity than those exhibited by the 21-membered aryl salicornolide A and 19-membered salicornolide C (IC50 COX-2-1.2 mM). The attenuating potential of the studied compounds against pro-inflammatory enzyme, 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 LOX < 1.5 mM) was significantly greater than that displayed by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ibuprofen (IC50 4.5 mM), whereas the selectivity indices exhibited by salicornolides against cyclooxygenase-2 was significantly higher (1.18-1.41, P < 0.05) when compared to that of ibuprofen (SI 0.43) attributing the greater selectivity profile of the former towards inducible pro-inflammatory mediators than the latter. The minimal binding energy of salicornolide B (-9.64 kcal mol-1), a greater number of hydrogen-bonds and lesser inhibitory constant (Ki 85.15 nM) might be responsible for effective binding towards 5-lipoxygenase, and that could attribute its greater anti-inflammation potential than those displayed by other compounds. The putative biosynthetic cascade initiated by malonate-acyl carrier protein unambiguously confirmed the structural attributions of the titled macrocyclic lactones. The undescribed salicornolides A-C from seaweed Gracilaria salicornia attenuating pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygense might be considered as prospective natural anti-inflammatory leads for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India.
| | - Tima Antony
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India; Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, Karnataka State, India
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Estrada-Valencia M, Herrera-Arozamena C, Pérez C, Viña D, Morales-García JA, Pérez-Castillo A, Ramos E, Romero A, Laurini E, Pricl S, Rodríguez-Franco MI. New flavonoid - N, N-dibenzyl( N-methyl)amine hybrids: Multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer´s disease endowed with neurogenic properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 34:712-727. [PMID: 31852270 PMCID: PMC6407579 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1581184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) is a valid approach for obtaining effective drugs for complex pathologies. MTDLs that combine neuro-repair properties and block the first steps of neurotoxic cascades could be the so long wanted remedies to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). By linking two privileged scaffolds with well-known activities in ND-targets, the flavonoid and the N,N-dibenzyl(N-methyl)amine (DBMA) fragments, new CNS-permeable flavonoid - DBMA hybrids (1-13) were obtained. They were subjected to biological evaluation in a battery of targets involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other NDs, namely human cholinesterases (hAChE/hBuChE), β-secretase (hBACE-1), monoamine oxidases (hMAO-A/B), lipoxygenase-5 (hLOX-5) and sigma receptors (σ1R/σ2R). After a funnel-type screening, 6,7-dimethoxychromone - DBMA (6) was highlighted due to its neurogenic properties and an interesting MTD-profile in hAChE, hLOX-5, hBACE-1 and σ1R. Molecular dynamic simulations showed the most relevant drug-protein interactions of hybrid 6, which could synergistically contribute to neuronal regeneration and block neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Estrada-Valencia
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Herrera-Arozamena
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José A Morales-García
- Institute for Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols", Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Medical School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Castillo
- Institute for Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols", Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; x
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; x
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), Trieste, Italy
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Marbach-Breitrück E, Kutzner L, Rothe M, Gurke R, Schreiber Y, Reddanna P, Schebb NH, Stehling S, Wieler LH, Heydeck D, Kuhn H. Functional Characterization of Knock-In Mice Expressing a 12/15-Lipoxygenating Alox5 Mutant Instead of the 5-Lipoxygenating Wild-Type Enzyme. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1-17. [PMID: 31642348 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Most mammalian genomes involve several genes encoding for functionally distinct arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX isoforms). Proinflammatory leukotrienes are formed via the ALOX5 pathway, but 12/15-lipoxygenating ALOX isoforms have been implicated in the biosynthesis of pro-resolving mediators. In vitro mutagenesis of the triad determinants abolished the leukotriene synthesizing activity of ALOX5, but the biological consequences of these alterations have not been studied. To fill this gap, we created Alox5 knock-in mice, which express the 12/15-lipoxygenating Phe359Trp + Ala424Ile + Asn425Met Alox5 triple mutant and characterized its phenotypic alterations. Results: The mouse Alox5 triple mutant functions as arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenating enzyme, which also forms 12S-hydroxy and 8S-hydroxy arachidonic acid. In contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the triple mutant effectively oxygenates linoleic acid to 13S-hydroxy linoleic acid (13S-HODE), which functions as activating ligand of the type-2 nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Knock-in mice expressing the mutant enzyme are viable, fertile, and develop normally. The mice cannot synthesize proinflammatory leukotrienes but show significantly attenuated plasma levels of lipolytic endocannabinoids. When aging, the animals gained significantly more body weight, which may be related to the fivefold higher levels of 13-HODE in the adipose tissue. Innovation: These data indicate for the first time that in vivo mutagenesis of the triad determinants of mouse Alox5 abolished the biosynthetic capacity of the enzyme for proinflammatory leukotrienes and altered the catalytic properties of the protein favoring the formation of 13-HODE. Conclusion:In vivo triple mutation of the mouse Alox5 gene impacts the body weight homeostasis of aging mice via augmented formation of the activating PPARγ ligand 13-HODE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Marbach-Breitrück
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Kutzner
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Robert Gurke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt (ZAFES), Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad India
| | - Nils-Helge Schebb
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sabine Stehling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar H Wieler
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Center of Infection Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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44
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Vo NNQ, Nomura Y, Muranaka T, Fukushima EO. Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:3311-3320. [PMID: 31774676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes may be active agents and provide a rich natural resource of promising compounds for drug development. The inhibitory activities of 29 natural oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenes were evaluated against four major enzymes involved in the inflammatory process: 5-LOX, 15-LOX-2, COX-1, and COX-2. It was found that 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid potently inhibited human 15-LOX-2 (IC50 = 12.2 ± 0.47 μM). Analysis of the structure-activity relationships revealed that the presence of a hydroxy group at position 24 was beneficial in terms of both 5-LOX and COX-1 inhibition. Notably, the introduction of a carboxylic acid group at position 30 was important for dual 5-LOX/COX inhibitory activity; furthermore, its combination with a carbonyl group at C-11 considerably increased 5-LOX inhibition. Also, the presence of an α-hydroxy group at C-2 or a carboxylic acid group at C-23 markedly suppressed the 5-LOX activity. The present findings reveal that the types and configurations of polar moieties at positions C-2, -3, -11, -24, and -30 are important structural aspects of pentacyclic triterpenes for their potential as anti-inflammatory lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Ngoc Quynh Vo
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Yuhta Nomura
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Toshiya Muranaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Ery Odette Fukushima
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- Center for Open Innovation Research and Education, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences , Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM , Vía Muyuna Km 7 , Tena , Ecuador
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45
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Ivanov I, Golovanov AB, Ferretti C, Canyelles-Niño M, Heydeck D, Stehling S, Lluch JM, González-Lafont À, Kühn H. Mutations of Triad Determinants Changes the Substrate Alignment at the Catalytic Center of Human ALOX5. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2768-2782. [PMID: 31664810 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For the specificity of ALOX15 orthologs of different mammals, the geometry of the amino acids Phe353, Ile418, Met419, and Ile593 ("triad determinants") is important, and mutagenesis of these residues altered the reaction specificity of these enzymes. Here we expressed wild-type human ALOX5 and its F359W/A424I/N425M/A603I mutant in Sf9 insect cells and characterized the catalytic differences of the two enzyme variants. We found that wild-type ALOX5 converted arachidonic acid mainly to 5(S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HpETE). In contrast, 15(S)- and 8(S)-H(p)ETE were formed by the mutant enzyme. In addition to arachidonic acid, wild-type ALOX5 accepted eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as substrate, but C18 fatty acids were not oxygenated. The quadruple mutant also accepted linoleic acid and α- and γ-linolenic acid as substrate. Structural analysis of the oxygenation products and kinetic studies with stereospecifically labeled 11(S)- and 11(R)-deutero-linoleic acid suggested alternative ways of substrate orientation at the active site. In silico docking studies, molecular dynamics simulations, and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations confirmed this hypothesis. These data indicate that "triad determinant" mutagenesis alters the catalytic properties of ALOX5 abolishing its leukotriene synthase activity but improving its biosynthetic capacity for pro-resolving lipoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ivanov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Vernadskogo pr. 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey B. Golovanov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Vernadskogo pr. 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Stehling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Hartmut Kühn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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46
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Maccarrone M. Missing Pieces to the Endocannabinoid Puzzle. Trends Mol Med 2019; 26:263-272. [PMID: 31822395 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The most bioactive ingredient of cannabis (Cannabis sativa or indica) extracts, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), was identified in the 1960s as one of more than 110 phytocannabinoids. It activates receptors of chemically different endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) that, unlike THC, are metabolized by several enzymes of the endocannabinoid system. Here, the complexity of the plant-derived and endogenous cannabinoids (eCBs) is discussed, to better appreciate the challenge of: (i) dissecting their mutual interactions; (ii) understanding their impact on human pathophysiology; and (iii) exploiting them for human disease. To this aim, missing pieces to the eCB puzzle must be urgently found, by solving the 3D structures of key components, and interrogating noncanonical modes of regulation and trafficking of these lipid signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.
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47
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Mishra VK, Mishra S. Origin of Regio- and Stereospecific Catalysis by 8-Lipoxygenase. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:10605-10621. [PMID: 31775504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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48
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Maione F, Minosi P, Di Giannuario A, Raucci F, Chini MG, De Vita S, Bifulco G, Mascolo N, Pieretti S. Long-Lasting Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of Acute Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate Administration: Pharmacological, Biochemical, and Docking Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132453. [PMID: 31277398 PMCID: PMC6651237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of the study was to estimate the long-lasting effects induced by ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AG) after a single administration in mice using animal models of pain and inflammation together with biochemical and docking studies. A single intraperitoneal injection of AG was able to produce anti-inflammatory effects in zymosan-induced paw edema and peritonitis. Moreover, in several animal models of pain, such as the writhing test, the formalin test, and hyperalgesia induced by zymosan, AG administered 24 h before the tests was able to induce a strong antinociceptive effect. Molecular docking studies revealed that AG possesses higher affinity for microsomal prostaglandin E synthase type-2 compared to type-1, whereas it seems to locate better in the binding pocket of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 compared to COX-1. These results demonstrated that AG induced anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects until 24-48 h after a single administration thanks to its ability to bind the COX/mPGEs pathway. Taken together, all these findings highlight the potential use of AG for clinical treatment of pain and/or inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Minosi
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Amalia Di Giannuario
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Chini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Simona De Vita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Nicola Mascolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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49
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Chakraborty K, Antony T. First report of spiro-compounds from marine macroalga Gracilaria salicornia: prospective natural anti-inflammatory agents attenuate 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:770-781. [PMID: 31109202 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1608545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The inflammation pathology is an orchestrated biological process and the dual inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 has been found to be an effective approach against inflammation. This study involves the characterisation of two previously undescribed spiro[5.5]undecanes, 3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-(methoxymethyl)-3,11-dimethyl-9-oxospiro[5.5]undec-4-en-10-methylbutanoate (1) and 4-ethoxy-11,11-dimethyl-7-methylene-8-(propionyloxy)spiro[5.5]undec-2-en-104,106-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-10-carboxylate (2) with potential anti-inflammatory properties, from seaweed Gracilaria salicornia by extensive-spectroscopic-experiments. These metabolites recorded prospective bioactivities against 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 < 2.80 mM), whereas their selectivity indices were significantly greater (∼1) than ibuprofen (0.89) (p < 0.05), which attributed selective anti-inflammatory potencies of the studied spiro[5.5]undecane derivatives against inducible cyclooxygenase-2 than constitutive cyclooxygenase-1. Radical scavenging potential of spiro[5.5]undec-2-en-104,106-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-10-carboxylate analogue (2) against oxidants, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid were found to be greater (IC50 < 1.25 mM) than commercial standard, α-tocopherol (IC50 1.42-1.79 mM). The greater hydrogen-bonding interactions and binding affinity of 2 (-10.13 kcal/mol) with 5-LOX appropriately corroborated its prospective anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tima Antony
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, India
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50
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Antony T, Chakraborty K. First report of antioxidative 2H-chromenyl derivatives from the intertidal red seaweed Gracilaria salicornia as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:3470-3482. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1579807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tima Antony
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka State, India
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