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Deng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Li X, Zeng W, Jun C, Yuan D. Function of connexin 43 and RhoA/LIMK2/Cofilin signaling pathway in transient changes of contraction and dilation of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 153:106326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chuang CM, Chen CY, Yen PS, Wu CH, Shiao LR, Wong KL, Chan P, Leung YM. Propofol Causes Sustained Ca2+ Elevation in Endothelial Cells by Stimulating Ryanodine Receptor and Suppressing Plasmalemmal Ca2+ Pump. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:749-757. [PMID: 35239284 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Propofol, a general anesthetic administered intravenously, may cause pain at the injection site. The pain is in part due to irritation of vascular endothelial cells. We here investigated the effects of propofol on Ca2+ transport and pain mediator release in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926). Propofol mobilized Ca2+ from cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-dischargeable pool but did not cause Ca2+ release from the lysosomal Ca2+ stores. Propofol-elicited Ca2+ release was suppressed by 100 μM ryanodine, suggesting the participation of ryanodine receptor channels. Propofol did not affect ATP-triggered Ca2+ release but abolished the Ca2+ influx triggered by ATP; in addition, propofol also suppressed store-operated Ca2+ entry elicited by CPA. Ca2+ clearance during CPA-induced Ca2+ discharge was unaffected by a low Na+ (50 mM) extracellular solution, but strongly suppressed by 5 mM La3+ (an inhibitor of plasmalemmal Ca2+ pump), suggesting Ca2+ extrusion was predominantly through the plasmalemmal Ca2+ pump. Propofol mimicked the effect of La3+ in suppressing Ca2+ clearance. Propofol also stimulated release of pain mediators, namely, reactive oxygen species and bradykinin. Our data suggest propofol elicited Ca2+ release and repressed Ca2+ clearance, causing a sustained cytosolic [Ca2+]i elevation. The latter may cause reactive oxygen species and bradykinin release, resulting in pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Min Chuang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cing-Yu Chen
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Sheng Yen
- Department of Radiology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Shalu, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Ru Shiao
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kar-Lok Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Shalu, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Paul Chan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Man Leung
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang P, Zhang S, Ren J, Yan L, Bai L, Wang L, Wang P, Bian J, Yin X, Liu H. The inhibitory effect of BKCa channels induced by autoantibodies against angiotensin II type 1 receptor is independent of AT1R. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:560-566. [PMID: 29697782 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against angiotensin II Type 1 receptor (AT1-AA) are routinely detected in the serum of preeclampsia patients, which results in an increase in vascular tone and an elevation in intracellular calcium concentration of rat vascular smooth muscle (VSM). The big conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa channels) account for the dominant outward currents in VSMCs, contributing to membrane hyperpolarization and vasodilation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of AT1-AA on BKCa channels. A preeclampsia model was established by passively immunizing healthy pregnant BALB/c mice with AT1-AA extracted from hybridoma culture supernatant. Blood pressure, serum AT1-AA levels, and urinary protein were measured in the immunized mice. BKCa channel expression was detected using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical technique. The patch-clamp technique was used to record the single currents of BKCa channels in the HEK293T cells that had been transfected. AT1-AA immunized mice exhibited elevated AT1-AA and urinary protein levels compared with mice of the vehicle group. Systolic blood pressure was also increased in the immunized group. BKCa channel β1-subunit expression was reduced in the mesenteric arteries of immunized mice. AT1-AA could inhibit the BKCa currents and the inhibitory effects were not completely reversed following the application of valsartan, an inhibitor of AT1 receptor. In conclusion, AT1-AA could decrease BKCa expression and inhibit BKCa activity independent of AT1R. These inhibitory effects are likely to be contributory factors in the promotion of increased vascular tone caused by AT1-AA in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lina Bai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Pengli Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jingwei Bian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaochen Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Wang Y, Zhou Q, Wu B, Zhou H, Zhang X, Jiang W, Wang L, Wang A. Propofol induces excessive vasodilation of aortic rings by inhibiting protein kinase Cβ2 and θ in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1984-2000. [PMID: 28369981 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Exaggerated hypotension following administration of propofol is strongly predicted in patients with hypertension. Increased PKCs play a crucial role in regulating vascular tone. We studied whether propofol induces vasodilation by inhibiting increased PKC activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and, if so, whether contractile Ca2+ sensitization pathways and filamentous-globular (F/G) actin dynamics were involved. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rings of thoracic aorta, denuded of endothelium, from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and SHR were prepared for functional studies. Expression and activity of PKCs in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells were determined by Western blot analysis and elisa respectively. Phosphorylation of the key proteins in PKC Ca2+ sensitization pathways was also examined. Actin polymerization was evaluated by differential centrifugation to probe G- and F-actin content. KEY RESULTS Basal expression and activity of PKCβ2 and PKCθ were increased in aortic VSMs of SHR, compared with those from WKY rats. Vasorelaxation of SHR aortas by propofol was markedly attenuated by LY333531 (a specific PKCβ inhibitor) or the PKCθ pseudo-substrate inhibitor. Furthermore, noradrenaline-enhanced phosphorylation, and the translocation of PKCβ2 and PKCθ, was inhibited by propofol, with decreased actin polymerization and PKCβ2-mediated Ca2+ sensitization pathway in SHR aortas. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Propofol suppressed increased PKCβ2 and PKCθ activity, which was partly responsible for exaggerated vasodilation in SHR. This suppression results in inhibition of actin polymerization, as well as that of the PKCβ2- but not PKCθ-mediated, Ca2+ sensitization pathway. These data provide a novel explanation for the unwanted side effects of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanhong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixuan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Ortiz AL, Vala H, Venâncio C, Mesquita J, Silva A, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Ferreira D. The influence of Ringer's lactate or HES 130/0.4 administration on the integrity of the small intestinal mucosa in a pig hemorrhagic shock model under general anesthesia. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2016; 27:96-107. [PMID: 27984669 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of fluid resuscitation with 2 different physiological solutions, Ringer's lactate (RL) and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4, on histological lesions of the small intestinal mucosa in anesthetized pigs subjected to severe acute bleeding. DESIGN Prospective experimental study. SETTING University teaching hospital. ANIMALS Twenty-eight healthy Large White pigs, 3 months of age. INTERVENTIONS Pigs were subjected to severe acute bleeding (30 mL/kg) under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. Pigs were randomly allocated to 3 groups: Group 1 (n = 11) received RL solution (25 mL/kg) after bleeding; Group 2 (n = 11) received HES 130/0.4 solution (20 mL/kg) after bleeding; and Group 3 (n = 6) volume replacement nor induced bleeding. Pigs were euthanized and the small intestine was harvested for histopathological analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The small intestine was histologically evaluated and the presence of the following lesions were characterized: edema, congestion, hyperemia, hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration, cellular degeneration, necrosis, and epithelial detachment. Mucosal loss percentage (%ML) and crypt:interstitium ratio (C:I) were also assessed. In the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and the entire small intestine, the %ML was significantly higher in Group 1, than in Groups 2 and 3. Hyperemia in the small intestine was significantly higher in pigs resuscitated with HES 130/0.4 compared to pigs resuscitated with RL. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In a setting of controlled hemorrhage, resuscitation with HES 130/0.4 was associated with a lower percentage of mucosal loss on the small intestine, compared with resuscitation with RL solution. Our study also suggests that the duodenum may be more sensitive to hypovolemia induced by severe hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Liza Ortiz
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Vala
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) and Centre for Studies in Education and Health Technologies (CI&DETS) Agrarian Superior School of Viseu, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Mesquita
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) and Centre for Studies in Education and Health Technologies (CI&DETS) Agrarian Superior School of Viseu, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Aura Silva
- REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - David Ferreira
- CBIOS- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, University Lusófonal de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal and Veterinary Medicine Department of University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
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Protein Kinase C Isoforms Distinctly Regulate Propofol-induced Endothelium-dependent and Endothelium-independent Vasodilation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 66:276-84. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jones GM, Doepker BA, Erdman MJ, Kimmons LA, Elijovich L. Predictors of severe hypotension in neurocritical care patients sedated with propofol. Neurocrit Care 2014; 20:270-6. [PMID: 24233892 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-013-9902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Propofol is used extensively in neurocritical care (NCC) due to its pharmacologic properties allowing for facilitation of serial neurologic examinations. Despite widespread use, few studies have identified risk factors for hypotension in these patients. We aimed to determine predictors of hypotension in NCC patients sedated with propofol. METHODS This retrospective, multicenter study evaluated 237 patients at two academic medical centers, both with dedicated NCC teams led by board-certified neurointensivists. Univariate analyses were performed to determine risk factors associated with severe hypotension during sedation with propofol. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine variables independently associated with hypotension, defined as a mean arterial pressure (MAP) less than 60 mmHg. RESULTS There was an average maximum reduction in MAP of 28.8 % after propofol initiation in the entire cohort. Severe hypotension developed in 62 (26.2 %) patients to a median nadir MAP of 56 mmHg. Those who developed severe hypotension had a longer median duration of mechanical ventilation (5.0 vs. 3.6 days; p = 0.01) and an increased in-hospital mortality (38.7 vs. 24.0 %; p = 0.03). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified increasing number of changes to the propofol infusion rate, baseline MAP 60-70 mmHg, and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) as factors independently associated with hypotension. CONCLUSIONS Multiple factors predicted hypotension in NCC patients receiving propofol. Clinicians should use propofol cautiously in patients with a lower baseline MAP or receiving RRT. Development of protocols related to the frequency of dose titrations is also recommended to prevent this avoidable complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Morgan Jones
- Critical Care Pharmacy, Methodist Healthcare, University Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 1265 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38104, USA,
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Yu J, Ogawa K, Tokinaga Y, Iwahashi S, Hatano Y. The vascular relaxing effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane are more important in hypertensive than in normotensive rats. Can J Anaesth 2014; 51:979-85. [PMID: 15574546 DOI: 10.1007/bf03018483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The vascular response to anesthetics is altered in hypertensive patients since the functional and structural integrities of vascular smooth muscle and endothelium are deranged. The effects of anesthetics on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced changes in vascular tone are not well understood. We investigated the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS The dose-dependent effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on the Ang II-induced contraction of aortic rings, in the presence and absence of an intact endothelium, were investigated in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR and compared using isometric force transducers. RESULTS Ang II (10(-9)-10(-6) M) induced a similar transient phasic contraction of endothelium-intact rings from the two rat strains in a dose-dependent manner. Removal of the endothelium augmented the Ang II-elicited phasic contraction, to a greater extent in the SHR group than in the WKY group. Sevoflurane and isoflurane (1-3 minimum alveolar concentration) concentration-dependently inhibited the Ang II-induced contraction of endothelium-intact rings from WKY; an effect that was greatly enhanced following removal of the endothelium. A greater degree of attenuation of the Ang II-induced contraction of both endothelium-intact and -denuded rings by the two anesthetics was observed in the SHR group. The inhibitory effects of isoflurane on the Ang II-induced contraction of aortic rings from both strains appeared to be stronger than that of sevoflurane at equipotent concentrations. CONCLUSION Our finding that the inhibitory effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction are enhanced in SHR may, at least in part, account for the anesthesia-induced systemic hypotension frequently seen in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811 - 1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City 641-0012, Japan
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Jones GM, Doepker BA, Erdman MJ, Kimmons LA, Elijovich L. Predictors of severe hypotension in neurocritical care patients sedated with propofol. Neurocrit Care 2013. [PMID: 24233892 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-013-9902-6.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Propofol is used extensively in neurocritical care (NCC) due to its pharmacologic properties allowing for facilitation of serial neurologic examinations. Despite widespread use, few studies have identified risk factors for hypotension in these patients. We aimed to determine predictors of hypotension in NCC patients sedated with propofol. METHODS This retrospective, multicenter study evaluated 237 patients at two academic medical centers, both with dedicated NCC teams led by board-certified neurointensivists. Univariate analyses were performed to determine risk factors associated with severe hypotension during sedation with propofol. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine variables independently associated with hypotension, defined as a mean arterial pressure (MAP) less than 60 mmHg. RESULTS There was an average maximum reduction in MAP of 28.8 % after propofol initiation in the entire cohort. Severe hypotension developed in 62 (26.2 %) patients to a median nadir MAP of 56 mmHg. Those who developed severe hypotension had a longer median duration of mechanical ventilation (5.0 vs. 3.6 days; p = 0.01) and an increased in-hospital mortality (38.7 vs. 24.0 %; p = 0.03). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified increasing number of changes to the propofol infusion rate, baseline MAP 60-70 mmHg, and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) as factors independently associated with hypotension. CONCLUSIONS Multiple factors predicted hypotension in NCC patients receiving propofol. Clinicians should use propofol cautiously in patients with a lower baseline MAP or receiving RRT. Development of protocols related to the frequency of dose titrations is also recommended to prevent this avoidable complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Morgan Jones
- Critical Care Pharmacy, Methodist Healthcare, University Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 1265 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38104, USA,
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic that is widely used to anesthetize patients during neurosurgical procedures. Although propofol is considered to be an essential component of contemporary management of acute brain injury in the operating room and in critical care settings, propofol-induced hypotension (PIH) remains a frequent and undesirable side effect. After 3 decades of clinical use, multiple proposed causes of PIH, and conflicting experimental results, the mechanism of PIH is still a puzzle for neuroscience and anesthesiology. This study evaluated the role of opioid receptors in PIH. METHODS Pentobarbital-anesthetized rats were subjected to systemic or central pretreatment with naloxone followed by intravenous or central administration of propofol. RESULTS In the absence of pretreatment with naloxone, intravenous (7.5 mg/kg) and intracistenal propofol (10 µg) injection induced 45% and 35% reductions in the mean arterial pressure, respectively (P<0.05). Both systemic (5 mg/kg) and central (100 µg) pretreatment with naloxone prevented PIH without independently affecting mean arterial pressure. CONCLUSIONS This experiment in anesthetized rats indicates that central and peripheral opioid receptor blockade prevents PIH, suggesting that these receptors are involved in the cardiovascular alterations elicited by propofol administration.
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Kim HK, Park WS, Warda M, Park SY, Ko EA, Kim MH, Jeong SH, Heo HJ, Choi TH, Hwang YW, Lee SI, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Kim N, Han J. Beta adrenergic overstimulation impaired vascular contractility via actin-cytoskeleton disorganization in rabbit cerebral artery. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43884. [PMID: 22916309 PMCID: PMC3423383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Beta adrenergic overstimulation may increase the vascular damage and stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms of beta adrenergic overstimulation in cerebrovascular dysfunctions are not well known. We investigated the possible cerebrovascular dysfunction response to isoproterenol induced beta-adrenergic overstimulation (ISO) in rabbit cerebral arteries (CAs). Methods ISO was induced in six weeks aged male New Zealand white rabbit (0.8–1.0 kg) by 7-days isoproterenol injection (300 μg/kg/day). We investigated the alteration of protein expression in ISO treated CAs using 2DE proteomics and western blot analysis. Systemic properties of 2DE proteomics result were analyzed using bioinformatics software. ROS generation and following DNA damage were assessed to evaluate deteriorative effect of ISO on CAs. Intracellular Ca2+ level change and vascular contractile response to vasoactive drug, angiotensin II (Ang II), were assessed to evaluate functional alteration of ISO treated CAs. Ang II-induced ROS generation was assessed to evaluated involvement of ROS generation in CA contractility. Results Proteomic analysis revealed remarkably decreased expression of cytoskeleton organizing proteins (e.g. actin related protein 1A and 2, α-actin, capping protein Z beta, and vimentin) and anti-oxidative stress proteins (e.g. heat shock protein 9A and stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1) in ISO-CAs. As a cause of dysregulation of actin-cytoskeleton organization, we found decreased level of RhoA and ROCK1, which are major regulators of actin-cytoskeleton organization. As functional consequences of proteomic alteration, we found the decreased transient Ca2+ efflux and constriction response to angiotensin II and high K+ in ISO-CAs. ISO also increased basal ROS generation and induced oxidative damage in CA; however, it decreased the Ang II-induced ROS generation rate. These results indicate that ISO disrupted actin cytoskeleton proteome network through down-regulation of RhoA/ROCK1 proteins and increased oxidative damage, which consequently led to contractile dysfunction in CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - So Youn Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun A. Ko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Min Hee Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jeong
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Heo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Andong Science College, Andong, Korea
| | - Young-Won Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sun-Il Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lawton BK, Brown NJ, Reilly CS, Brookes ZLS. Role of L-type calcium channels in altered microvascular responses to propofol in hypertension. Br J Anaesth 2012; 108:929-35. [PMID: 22511481 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aes069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
MESH Headings
- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester/pharmacology
- Anesthetics, Intravenous/pharmacology
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/drug effects
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Microvessels/drug effects
- Microvessels/physiology
- Propofol/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Splanchnic Circulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Lawton
- Microcirculation Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Kuriyama T, Tokinaga Y, Tange K, Kimoto Y, Ogawa K. Propofol attenuates angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction by inhibiting Ca2+-dependent and PKC-mediated Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. J Anesth 2012; 26:682-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-012-1415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Soares de Moura R, Silva G, Tano T, Resende A. Effect of propofol on human fetal placental circulation. Int J Obstet Anesth 2010; 19:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee K, Lee K, Kim B, Lim J, Koo J, Lee M, Lee HM, Lee CK, Won KJ. Propofol Inhibits Platelet-derived Growth Factor-stimulated Migration in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. Korean J Anesthesiol 2008. [DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2008.54.3.s22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuchang Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Keunsang Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Jeongae Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Jaiwon Koo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Myeongjong Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Chang-Kwon Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Won
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
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16
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Yu J, Kakutani T, Mizumoto K, Hasegawa A, Hatano Y. Propofol inhibits phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate-induced, protein kinase C-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50:1131-8. [PMID: 16987344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2006.01119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol induces dose-dependent vasodilation and hypotension in the clinical situation, and protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated Ca2+ sensitization plays an important role in vascular smooth muscle contraction. This study is designed to examine the effects of propofol on the active phorbol ester (phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate; PDBu)-induced, PKC-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. METHODS The PDBu-induced contraction of endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings was measured in the presence or absence of PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide I, or propofol, using isometric force transducers. The PDBu-induced PKC phosphorylation of endothelium-denuded rat aortic strips was detected in the presence or absence of bisindolylmaleimide I or propofol, using Western blotting. RESULTS PDBu, but not the inactive phorbol ester, 4-alpha-phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate, dose-dependently induced both a slowly developing sustained contraction and PKC phosphorylation of rat aortic smooth muscle, reaching the peak level at the concentration of 10(-6) M. The PDBu (10(-6) M)-induced contraction was dose-dependently inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I with reductions of 6.8 +/- 1.8% (P > 0.05), 39.8 +/- 8.7% (P < 0.01) and 96.7 +/- 1.4% (P < 0.01) in response to concentrations of 5 x 10(-7) M, 10(-6)x M and 5 x 10(-6) M, respectively, and by propofol with decreases of 5.2 +/- 1. 6% (P > 0.05), 9.4 +/- 1.7% (P < 0.05), 65.3 +/- 9.2% (P < 0.01) and 96.2 +/- 1.6% (P < 0.01) in response to concentrations of 5 x 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M, 5 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M, respectively. Both bisindolylmaleimide I and propofol also inhibited the PDBu-induced increase in the density of the phosphorylated PKC bands in a dose-dependent manner, with decreases of 6.3 +/- 2.8% (P > 0.05), 42.9 +/- 3.2% (P < 0.01) and 96.6 +/- 3.4% (P < 0.01) in response to 5 x 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M or 5 x 10(-6) M bisindolylmaleimide I, respectively, and with decreases of 4.2 +/- 2.5% (P > 0.05), 13.5 +/- 1.7% (P < 0.05), 69.5 +/- 3.5% (P < 0.01) and 95.3 +/- 4.3% (P < 0.01) in response to 5 x 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M, 5 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M propofol, respectively. CONCLUSION Propofol dose-dependently inhibits PDBu-induced, PKC-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle.
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MESH Headings
- Anesthetics, Intravenous/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Isometric Contraction/drug effects
- Male
- Maleimides/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation
- Propofol/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase C/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama City, Japan
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17
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Yu J, Mizumoto K, Tokinaga Y, Ogawa K, Hatano Y. The Inhibitory Effects of Sevoflurane on Angiotensin II- Induced, p44/42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Mediated Contraction of Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle. Anesth Analg 2005; 101:315-321. [PMID: 16037134 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000173210.12435.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sevoflurane dilates blood vessels and reduces arterial blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is one of the primary regulators of vascular tension and arterial blood pressure, and the p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p44/42 MAPK) are involved in Ang II-mediated vascular smooth muscle contraction. We designed this study to examine the effects of sevoflurane on Ang II-induced, p44/42 MAPK-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. The effects of the p44/42 MAPK kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitor, PD 098059 (10(-5) molar [M], 5 x 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M), and sevoflurane (1.7%, 3.4%, and 5.1%) on Ang II-induced contraction and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation were tested in rat aortic smooth muscle, using isometric force measurement and Western blot analysis, respectively. Ang II induced both a transient contractile response and phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK, which were significantly attenuated by PD 098059 (P < 0.05-0.01). Sevoflurane inhibited Ang II-induced contractile response in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05 and 0.01 in response to 3.4% and 5.1% sevoflurane, respectively). Sevoflurane also dose-dependently depressed Ang II-elicited p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation (P < 0.01 in response to 3.4% and 5.1% sevoflurane). These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of sevoflurane on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction is, at least in part, caused by the inhibition of the p44/42 MAPK-mediated signaling pathway. IMPLICATIONS The present study demonstrates that sevoflurane can dose-dependently inhibit both angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced contraction and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation of rat aortic smooth muscle. These data suggest that sevoflurane-produced inhibition of Ang II-induced vasoconstriction is, at least in part, caused by depression of the p44/42 MAPK-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Yu
- *Department of Anesthesiology and †Surgical Operating Center, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama City, Japan
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18
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Taniguchi S, Furukawa KI, Sasamura S, Ohizumi Y, Seya K, Motomura S. Gene expression and functional activity of sodium/calcium exchanger enhanced in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2004; 43:629-37. [PMID: 15071349 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200405000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Effects of hypertension on the function of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) were investigated by analyzing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Angiotensin II-induced 45Ca2+ efflux from VSMCs mediated by NCX was enhanced by up to 3-fold in SHR compared with WKY, whereas ionomycin-induced Ca efflux mediated by NCX was not different between SHR and WKY. The decline rate from the peak value of intracellular 45Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) mobilized by angiotensin II was decelerated by removal of extracellular sodium (Na+o) in SHR but not in WKY. Gene expressions of NCX subtype 1 and angiotensin II receptor type1A assessed by quantitative RT-PCR were increased by 1.3- and 1.5-fold, respectively in SHR compared with WKY. NCX protein was also increased 1.6-fold in SHR compared with WKY. MEK inhibitor, PD98059, partly blocked the Nao-dependent acceleration of the [Ca2+]i recovery rate and tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, diminished it in SHR. Genistein decreased angiotensin II-induced Nao- dependent 45Ca2+ efflux. However, angiotensin II did not enhance the tyrosine phosphorylation of NCX. These results suggest that acceleration of Ca2+ efflux from VSMCs of SHR was at least partly due to the enhancement of functional activity of NCX via increased gene expression and tyrosine phosphorylation in connection with hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta/cytology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression
- Genistein/pharmacology
- Immunoblotting
- Immunoprecipitation
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sodium-Calcium Exchanger/biosynthesis
- Sodium-Calcium Exchanger/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Taniguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Pili-Floury S, Samain E, Bouillier H, Rucker-Martin C, Safar M, Dagher G, Marty J, Renaud JF. Etomidate Alters Calcium Mobilization Induced by Angiotensin II in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2004; 43:485-8. [PMID: 15085058 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200404000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Etomidate is widely used for induction of anesthesia in the hemodynamically compromised patient, because of its moderate direct effect on arterial vasomotoricity and cardiac function, but its effect on blood pressure regulatory systems is not known. We studied the effect of etomidate (10(-8) to 10(-4) mol.L) on Ca++ mobilization elicited by angiotensin II (Ang II) in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from 6-week-old Wistar Kyoto rats. Intracellular Ca++ (Cai++) variation was assessed in Fura 2-loaded VSMC, using fluorescent imaging microscopy. Ang II (10(-6) mol.L(-1))-induced transient Cai++ mobilization from internal stores was assessed in the absence of external Ca++. Ca++ influx was assessed upon reintroduction of external Ca++ (10(-3) mol.L(-1)). Etomidate moderately decreased both the amplitude (etomidate 10(-4) mol.L(-1): 68% of control value, P < 0.001) and the slope of Cai++ increase (56% of control, P < 0.001) from internal stores induced by Ang II. PD2 values (PD2 = -log(EC50)) for amplitude and slope were 6.4 +/- 0.7 and 6.0 +/- 0.3, respectively. Ang II-elicited Ca++ influx was also significantly decreased (45% of control, P < 0.001; PD2 = 5.5 +/- 0.3). Etomidate alters the Ca++ mobilization elicited by Ang II in rat aortic VSMC, suggesting that the vascular response to Ang II may be altered during etomidate anesthesia. However, this effect was observed at high concentration of etomidate, and may be limited when low doses of etomidate are used.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/cytology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Calcium Signaling/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions/physiology
- Etomidate/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred WKY
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Pili-Floury
- Department of Medical Research, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, University of Paris XI, France
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20
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Samain E, Pili-Floury S, Bouillier H, Clichet A, Safar M, Dagher G, Marty J, Renaud JF. EFFECT OF PROPOFOL ON VASOCONSTRICTION AND CALCIUM MOBILIZATION INDUCED BY ANGIOTENSIN II DIFFERS IN AORTAS FROM NORMOTENSIVE AND HYPERTENSIVE RATS. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 31:163-8. [PMID: 15008959 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03968.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
1. Angiotensin (Ang) II is a potent vasopressor agent, involved in the short-term control of arterial blood pressure during anaesthesia. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that propofol, a widely used intravenous anaesthetic agent, could alter the arterial response to AngII and to evaluate its effect in genetic hypertension. 2. We studied the effect of increasing concentrations of propofol (5.6 x 10-7 to 5.6 x 10-4 mol/L) on aortic ring maximal isometric tension elicited by AngII and on AngII-induced Ca2+ mobilization in aortic smooth muscle cells from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 3. Maximal tension developed by aortic rings from WKY rats was greater than that developed by rings from SHR. In both WKY rats and SHR, propofol at concentrations from 5.6 x 10-6 mol/L decreased maximal tension induced by AngII in a concentration-dependent manner. The magnitude of inhibition was higher in SHR than in WKY rats, whereas pD2 values were not different. In addition, Ca2+ mobilization induced by AngII was inhibited by propofol in a concentration-dependent manner, with the same magnitude and pD2 values. 4. These results suggest that the arterial response to AngII may be altered during propofol anaesthesia, particularly in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Samain
- Department of Medical Research, CNRS UMR 8078, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, University of Paris XI, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.
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21
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Stekiel TA, Bosnjak ZJ, Stekiel WJ. Effects of General Anesthetics on Regulation of the Peripheral Vasculature. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2003. [DOI: 10.1177/108925320300700307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The heart is a passively filling pump in a circulatory system that is connected in series with distensible blood vessels. Therefore, systemic blood pressure and tissue perfusion depend upon adequate peripheral vascular tone as well as myocardial function. Likewise, pharmacologic agents that alter circulatory stability can affect one or both of these components. The generalized depressor effects of general anesthetics have been well known clinically for over 50 years. Moreover, there are many similarities in basic cellular regulatory mechanisms among the different tissue types, and general anesthetics are well known to distribute freely among the perfusion-rich tissues (eg, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and renal system). Therefore, it is likely that the hemodynamic depression resulting from the systemic administration of anesthetics results from actions on regulatory mechanisms of the peripheral vasculature as well as on the heart. The peripheral vasculature is regulated by extrinsic neural, endothelial, and humoral mechanisms, which interact with each other as well as with intrinsic membrane and intracellular systems within the vascular smooth muscle cell. Different general anesthetics have been found to act on specific mechanisms at each of these levels. However, the large number and complexity of these known mechanisms, as well as the many anesthetic agents, has made it extremely difficult to determine which are significant in terms of the meaningful mechanisms that are responsible for anesthetic action, major side effects, or both. Current knowledge about the effects of general anesthetics on both the extrinsic intrinsic regulatory mechanisms of peripheral vascular control is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Stekiel
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Medical College of Wisconsin; The Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Zeljko J. Bosnjak
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology, The Medical College of Wisconsin
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Samain E, Clichet A, Bouillier H, Chamiot-Clerc P, Safar M, Marty J, Renaud JF. Propofol differently alters vascular reactivity in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2002; 29:1015-7. [PMID: 12366394 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03760.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The effect of propofol on arterial tone in hypertension is poorly understood. We examined the effect of increasing concentrations of propofol (5.6 x 10-8 to 2.8 x 10-3 mol/L) on isometric tension developed by noradrenaline (10-7 mol/L)-contracted aortic rings from 12-week-old Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. In both WKY rats and SHR, propofol induced a dose-dependent inhibition of contraction induced by noradrenaline, but the amplitude of relaxation was larger in the SHR than in WKY rats. 3. The effects of propofol was endothelium independent in WKY rats, whereas in SHR relaxation induced by propofol was greater in endothelium-intact than in endothelium-denuded rings. 4. In conclusion, we found significant differences in the effect of propofol in hypertensive rats, which may be related to differences in structural and functional properties of the arterial wall observed in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Samain
- Department of Medical Research, CNRS ESA 8078, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, University of Paris, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.
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Fellner SK, Arendshorst WJ. Store-operated Ca2+ entry is exaggerated in fresh preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells of SHR. Kidney Int 2002; 61:2132-41. [PMID: 12028453 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulation of preglomerular vasomotor tone vessels ultimately control glomerular filtration rate, sodium reabsorption and systemic blood pressure. To gain insight into the complex renal hemodynamic factors that may result in hypertension, we studied calcium signaling pathways. METHODS Fresh, single, preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were isolated from 5- to 6-week-old SHR and WKY utilizing a magnetized microsphere/sieving technique. Cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was measured with fura-2 ratiometric fluorescence. To examine store-operated calcium entry (SOC), VSMC were activated in calcium-free buffer containing nifedipine. To deplete the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of Ca2+, vasopressin-1 receptor agonist [V1R; inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated mobilization], ryanodine (non-IP3 induced mobilization), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; Ca2+-ATPase inhibition) were utilized. Addition of external calcium followed by quenching of the fura/Ca2+ signal with Mn2+ permitted assessment of divalent cation entry via SOC. RESULTS V1R caused greater mobilization in SHR than WKY (P < 0.01) as well as greater calcium entry (P < 0.001). Ryanodine and CPA both caused SR calcium depletion that was not statistically different between strains, but absolute calcium entry through SOC was more than double in SHR following either maneuver (P < 0.001). 2-Amino-ethoxybiphenyl borane (2-APB), an inhibitor not only of IP3 receptors, but also of SOC, blocked calcium entry in the ryanodine and CPA experiments independent of IP3. As well, Gd3+, a selective inhibitor of SOC, inhibited the Ca2+ response. We also studied L-channel calcium entry stimulated by V1R. The total calcium response was greater in SHR as was the absolute inhibition by nifedipine. As a percent of the total response, participation of L-type channels sensitive to nifedipine was about 45% in both strains of rat. CONCLUSION Utilizing three separate mechanisms to deplete the SR of Ca2+ in order to activate SOC, we show for the first time, that SOC is exaggerated in preglomerular VSMC of young SHR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn/metabolism
- Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology
- Arterioles
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channels/drug effects
- Calcium Channels/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium-Transporting ATPases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors
- Kidney Glomerulus/blood supply
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR/metabolism
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/drug effects
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Receptors, Vasopressin/agonists
- Ryanodine/pharmacology
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/drug effects
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology
- Vasopressins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Fellner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7545, USA.
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