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Horn AP, Bernardi A, Luiz Frozza R, Grudzinski PB, Hoppe JB, de Souza LF, Chagastelles P, de Souza Wyse AT, Bernard EA, Battastini AMO, Campos MM, Lenz G, Nardi NB, Salbego C. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium Triggers Neuroinflammation and Reactive Species Generation in Organotypic Cultures of Rat Hippocampus. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 20:1171-81. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Horn
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Histologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Avenida Itália, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa Bernardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Luiz Frozza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bencke Grudzinski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bender Hoppe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Chagastelles
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Terezinha de Souza Wyse
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elena Aida Bernard
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Martha Campos
- Faculdade de Odontologia e Instituto de Toxicologia, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nance Beyer Nardi
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Christianne Salbego
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Kreutz F, Frozza RL, Breier AC, de Oliveira VA, Horn AP, Pettenuzzo LF, Netto CA, Salbego CG, Trindade VMT. Amyloid-β induced toxicity involves ganglioside expression and is sensitive to GM1 neuroprotective action. Neurochem Int 2011; 59:648-55. [PMID: 21723896 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Aβ25-35 peptide, in its fibrillar and non-fibrillar forms, on ganglioside expression in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures was investigated. Gangliosides were endogenously labeled with D-[1-C(14)] galactose and results showed that Aβ25-35 affected ganglioside expression, depending on the peptide aggregation state, that is, fibrillar Aβ25-35 caused an increase in GM3 labeling and a reduction in GD1b labeling, whereas the non-fibrillar form was able to enhance GM1 expression. Interestingly, GM1 exhibited a neuroprotective effect in this organotypic model, since pre-treatment of the hippocampal slices with GM1 10 μM was able to prevent the toxicity triggered by the fibrillar Aβ25-35, when measured by propidium iodide uptake protocol. With the purpose of further investigating a possible mechanism of action, we analyzed the effect of GM1 treatment (1, 6, 12 and 24h) upon the Aβ-induced alterations on GSK3β dephosphorylation/activation state. Results demonstrated an important effect after 24-h incubation, with GM1 preventing the Aβ-induced dephosphorylation (activation) of GSK3β, a signaling pathway involved in apoptosis triggering and neuronal death in models of Alzheimer's disease. Taken together, present results provide a new and important support for ganglioside participation in development of Alzheimer's disease experimental models and suggest a protective role for GM1 in Aβ-induced toxicity. This may be useful for designing new therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Kreutz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS, UFRGS, Brazil
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Horn AP, Frozza RL, Grudzinski PB, Gerhardt D, Hoppe JB, Bruno AN, Chagastelles P, Nardi NB, Lenz G, Salbego C. Conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells induces cell death in organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus and aggravates lesion in a model of oxygen and glucose deprivation. Neurosci Res 2009; 63:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Patwa TH, Wang Y, Miller FR, Goodison S, Pennathur S, Barder TJ, Lubman DM. A novel phosphoprotein analysis scheme for assessing changes in premalignant and malignant breast cell lines using 2D liquid separations, protein microarrays and tandem mass spectrometry. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 3:51-66. [PMID: 19194518 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An analysis of phosphorylation changes that occur during cancer progression would provide insights into the molecular pathways responsible for a malignant phenotype. In this study we employed a novel coupling of 2D-liquid separations and protein microarray technology to reveal changes in phosphoprotein status between premalignant (AT1) and malignant (CA1a) cell lines derived from the human MCF10A breast cell lines. Intact proteins were first separated according to their isoelectric point and hydrophobicities, then arrayed on SuperAmine glass slides. Phosphoproteins were detected using the universal, inorganic phospho-sensor dye, ProQ Diamond. Using this dye, out of 140 spots that were positive for phosphorylation, a total of 85 differentially expressed spots were detected over a pH range of 7.2 to 4.0. Proteins were identified and their peptides sequenced by mass spectrometry. The strategy enabled the identification of 75 differentially expressed phosphoproteins, from which 51 phosphorylation sites in 27 unique proteins were confirmed. Interestingly, the majority of differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins observed were nuclear proteins. Three regulators of apoptosis, Bad, Bax and Acinus, were also differentially phosphorylated in the two cell lines. Further development of this strategy will facilitate an understanding of the mechanisms involved in malignancy progression and other disease-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem H Patwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109-0656
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Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of boldine on hippocampal slices exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation in vitro. Neurotoxicology 2008; 29:1136-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Nassif M, Hoppe J, Santin K, Frozza R, Zamin LL, Simão F, Horn AP, Salbego C. β-Amyloid peptide toxicity in organotypic hippocampal slice culture involves Akt/PKB, GSK-3β, and PTEN. Neurochem Int 2007; 50:229-35. [PMID: 17018242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2006] [Revised: 08/03/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the toxicity induced by exposing organotypic slice culture to beta-amyloid peptide 25-35 (25microM) for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48h. To elucidate a mechanism involved in its toxicity, we studied the PI3-K cell signaling pathway, particularly Akt/PKB, GSK-3beta, and PTEN proteins. Cell death was quantified by propidium iodide uptake and proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting. Our results showed a significant cell death after 48h of beta-amyloid 25-35 peptide exposition. The exposition of cultures to beta-amyloid peptide resulted in an increase in the phosphorylation state of Akt and GSK-3beta proteins after 6h, followed by a decrease of the phosphorylation state of these proteins after 12h of exposition. However, after 24h of peptide treatment, the phosphorylation of GSK-3beta presented a new increase while the phosphorylation of Akt remained down. The immunocontent of the PTEN protein, an indirect Akt phosphatase, increased after 24 and 48h of beta-amyloid exposition. These results suggest an involvement of Akt dephosphorylation/inactivation in the toxicity induced by the beta-amyloid 25-35 peptide in organotypic slice hippocampal culture, probably induced by increasing PTEN immunocontent. Taken together, our results provide more information about the molecular mechanisms involved on beta-amyloid peptide toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Nassif
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Cimarosti H, O'Shea RD, Jones NM, Horn AP, Simão F, Zamin LL, Nassif M, Frozza R, Netto CA, Beart PM, Salbego C. The effects of estradiol on estrogen receptor and glutamate transporter expression in organotypic hippocampal cultures exposed to oxygen--glucose deprivation. Neurochem Res 2006; 31:483-90. [PMID: 16758356 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular basis of estrogen-mediated neuroprotection against brain ischemia remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated changes in expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) alpha and beta and excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT) 1 and 2 in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures treated with estradiol and subsequently exposed to oxygen--glucose deprivation (OGD). Pretreatment with 17beta-estradiol (10 nM) for 7 days protected the CA1 area of hippocampus against OGD (60 min), reducing cellular injury by 46% compared to the vehicle control group. Levels of ERalpha protein were significantly reduced by 20% after OGD in both vehicle- and estradiol-treated cultures, whereas ERbeta was significantly up-regulated by 25% in the estradiol-treated cultures. In contrast, EAAT1 and EAAT2 levels were unchanged in response to estradiol treatment in this model of OGD. These findings suggest that estrogen-induced neuroprotection against ischemia might involve regulation of ERbeta and, consequently, of the genes influenced by this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Cimarosti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Allegre, Brazil
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Skibo GG, Lushnikova IV, Voronin KY, Dmitrieva O, Novikova T, Klementiev B, Vaudano E, Berezin VA, Bock E. A synthetic NCAM-derived peptide, FGL, protects hippocampal neurons from ischemic insult both in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 22:1589-96. [PMID: 16197499 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04345.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a major unmet need for development of innovative strategies for neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury. Here we show that FGL, a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-derived peptide binding to and inducing phosphorylation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), acts neuroprotectively after an ischemic insult both in vitro and in vivo. The neuroprotective activity of FGL was tested in vitro on dissociated rat hippocampal neurons and hippocampal slice cultures, using a protocol of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). FGL protected hippocampal neurons from damage and maintained or restored their metabolic and presynaptic activity, both if employed as a pretreatment alone to OGD, and if only applied after the insult. In vivo 24 h pretreatment with a single suboccipital injection of FGL significantly protected hippocampal CA1 neurons from death in a transient global ischemia model in the gerbil. We conclude that FGL promotes neuronal survival after ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina G Skibo
- Protein Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Pathology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3C, bld. 6.2, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Cimarosti H, Zamin LL, Frozza R, Nassif M, Horn AP, Tavares A, Netto CA, Salbego C. Estradiol Protects Against Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation in Rat Hippocampal Organotypic Cultures and Activates Akt and Inactivates GSK-3? Neurochem Res 2005; 30:191-9. [PMID: 15895822 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-004-2441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigated the neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol in an in vitro model of ischemia. We used organotypic hippocampal slice cultures, acute or chronically treated with 17beta-estradiol (10 nM), and exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Cellular death was quantified by measuring uptake of propidium iodide (PI), a marker of dead cells. In OGD exposed cultures, treated only with vehicle, about 70% of the CA1 area of hippocampus was labeled with PI, indicating a great percentage of cellular death. When cultures were treated with 17beta-estradiol (acute or chronically), this cellular death was reduced to 15%. This effect was prevented by LY294002 but was not by PD98059. Immunoblotting revealed that both, chronic and acute, treatments with 17beta-estradiol induced the phosphorylation/activation of Akt and the phosphorylation/inactivation of GSK-3beta. Our results show a clear neuroprotective effect of 17beta-estradiol and suggest that this effect could involve PI3-K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Cimarosti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Valentim LM, Rodnight R, Geyer AB, Horn AP, Tavares A, Cimarosti H, Netto CA, Salbego CG. Changes in heat shock protein 27 phosphorylation and immunocontent in response to preconditioning to oxygen and glucose deprivation in organotypic hippocampal cultures. Neuroscience 2003; 118:379-86. [PMID: 12699774 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organotypic hippocampal cultures have been recently used to study in vitro ischaemic neuronal death. Sub-lethal periods of ischaemia in vivo confer resistance to lethal insults and many studies have demonstrated the involvement of heat shock proteins in this phenomenon. We used organotypic hippocampal cultures to investigate the involvement of heat shock protein (HSP) 27 in preconditioning to oxygen and glucose deprivation. Neuronal damage was assessed using propidium iodide fluorescence; HSP27 phosphorylation and immunocontent were obtained using (32)Pi labelling followed by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. We observed that immunocontent of HSP27 was increased after lethal or sub-lethal treatment, indicating it is a response to metabolic stress. Treatments with 5 or 10 min of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) or 1- microM N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) induced tolerance to 40 min of OGD associated with an increase in HSP27 immunocontent and phosphorylation. These data suggest that, in vitro, phosphorylated HSP27 might be involved in preconditioning, probably acting as a modulator of actin filaments or by the blockage of neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Valentim
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
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Graulich J, Hoffmann U, Maier RF, Ruscher K, Pomper JK, Ko HK, Gabriel S, Obladen M, Heinemann U. Acute neuronal injury after hypoxia is influenced by the reoxygenation mode in juvenile hippocampal slice cultures. BRAIN RESEARCH. DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH 2002; 137:35-42. [PMID: 12128252 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(02)00365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In neonates asphyxia is usually followed by hyperoxia due to resuscitation procedures. In order to study whether hyperoxic reoxygenation might cause additional cell injury we subjected organotypic hippocampal slice cultures of juvenile rats to normoxic or hyperoxic reoxygenation (19 or 85% oxygen, respectively) following hypoxia (3% oxygen) for 30, 60, and 120 min. Cell injury was quantified by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence 1 h after end of the reoxygenation period. In both experimental groups, LDH activity was significantly enhanced by hypoxia as compared to normoxic controls. However, hyperoxic reoxygenation caused a larger increase in LDH activity than normoxic reoxygenation (e.g., by a factor of 1.60 vs. 1.29 following 120 min hypoxia). PI fluorescence increased after hypoxia in all principal cell layers of the hippocampus but again showed a larger enhancement after hyperoxic reoxygenation as compared to normoxic reoxygenation (e.g., by a factor of 3.9 vs. 1.7 for CA1 and 120 min of hypoxia). After normoxic reoxygenation, PI fluorescence intensity was lower in the dentate gyrus as compared to CA1 and CA3, while it reached similar values like CA1 after high oxygen supply. In conclusion, juvenile hippocampal slice cultures subjected to hyperoxic reoxygenation display a greater amount of acute neuronal injury than slice cultures undergoing normoxic reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Graulich
- Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Neonatology, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
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Cimarosti H, Rodnight R, Tavares A, Paiva R, Valentim L, Rocha E, Salbego C. An investigation of the neuroprotective effect of lithium in organotypic slice cultures of rat hippocampus exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation. Neurosci Lett 2001; 315:33-6. [PMID: 11711208 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain ischemia results in cellular degeneration and loss of function. Here we investigated the neuroprotective effect of lithium in an in vitro model of ischemia. Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation. Cellular death was quantified by measuring uptake of propidium iodide (PI). Lithium chloride (0.2-1.2 mM) was added to the medium before, during and after lesion induction. A decrease in incorporation of PI was observed, indicating a neuroprotective effect in all doses tested. We also studied the effect of lithium on the phosphorylation of HSP27, a heat shock protein involved in cellular protection in its dephosphorylated state. In the lesioned hippocampus, 0.4 mM lithium chloride decreased the proportion of phosphorylated HSP27 to total HSP27. These results suggest that lithium may be useful in the treatment of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cimarosti
- Departamento de BioquImica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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