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Sereno M, Catagnus R, Griffith A, Eilers H. A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies Measuring Training Effects on Biases Evidenced by Professionals toward Intimate Partner Violence. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1053-1072. [PMID: 37177989 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231171186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A professional's response to a client's disclosure of intimate partner violence (IPV) is shown to significantly impact client outcomes. The quality of a professional's response is largely influenced by that professional's beliefs or biases surrounding IPV. This systematic review examined empirical studies conducted in North America and published between 2000 and 2020 evaluating training effects on biases held by professional groups toward victim-survivors of IPV. Search and extraction were conducted in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses standards across seven electronic databases. A total of 17 studies met inclusion criteria. Participant groups included professionals from medical, academic, and social/community service disciplines. All included studies reported significant gains on at least one measure of bias. Upon visual inspection, we found no correlations between characteristics of training interventions and reported outcomes on measures of bias. We discuss results in terms of challenges to measuring bias and functional relationships between training interventions, measures of bias, and professional behavior. Variation presented across studies within and between disciplines in regards to training methodology and measurement of bias. Experts in the field of IPV call for a more cohesive approach. We propose the behavior analytic conceptualization of bias as a framework through which interdisciplinary efforts might be unified toward addressing IPV-related biases. Through this lens, we discuss environmental cues within professional settings that might be influencing problematic IPV-related bias. We offer preliminary recommendations for curricular enhancements. We advocate for revision of terms commonly used in IPV-related research and intervention to better reflect and honor diversity across persons experiencing IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Sereno
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robyn Catagnus
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Heidi Eilers
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA
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Allison A, Weerahandi A, Johnson T, Koshan J, Bagstad G, Ferreira C, Jenney A, Krut BA, Wollny K. A Scoping Review on the Use of Experiential Learning in Professional Education on Intimate Partner Violence. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37358988 PMCID: PMC10157572 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) involves any form of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse including controlling behaviors by an intimate partner. Front line service workers such as social workers, nurses, lawyers, and physicians are often the first professionals to come into contact with individuals experiencing IPV but are often inadequately prepared to respond appropriately as IPV education is highly variable. Experiential learning (EL), also known as learning by doing, has gained much attention from educators; however, the extent and type of EL strategies used to teach IPV competencies has not yet been explored. Our aim was to extract what is known from the literature about the use of EL strategies to teach IPV competencies to front line service providers. Methods We conducted a search from May 2021 through November 2021. Reviewers independently screened citations in duplicate using pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data collected included study demographics (publication year, country, etc.), study participants, and information about the IPV EL. Results Of 5216 identified studies, 61 were included. Medicine and nursing represented the majority of learners in the included literature. Graduate students were the targeted learners in 48% of articles. Low fidelity EL was used most frequently in 48% of the articles; and role play was the EL mode most frequently utilized (39%) overall. Conclusions This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the limited literature on how EL is used to teach IPV competencies and identifies significant gaps related to the lack of intersectional analysis within educational interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10896-023-00552-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Allison
- Faculty of Law, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Ambereen Weerahandi
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Drive NW, PF 3239, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Torri Johnson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Drive NW, PF 3239, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | | | - Georgina Bagstad
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Drive NW, PF 3239, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Carla Ferreira
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Angelique Jenney
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Breanne A. Krut
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Drive NW, PF 3239, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Krista Wollny
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Drive NW, PF 3239, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
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Mydin FHM, Yuen CW, Othman S. The Effectiveness of Educational Intervention in Improving Primary Health-Care Service Providers' Knowledge, Identification, and Management of Elder Abuse and Neglect: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2021; 22:944-960. [PMID: 31823685 DOI: 10.1177/1524838019889359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Elder abuse and neglect (EAN) occurrence is expected to increase in many countries due to rapidly aging populations, yet it is still unrecognized and underreported. Gaps were identified in the knowledge and skills to intervene EAN among health-care service providers. It is still unclear whether educating health-care service providers on EAN improve the identification and management of EAN cases. A systematic review was conducted on the effectiveness of educational intervention designed to improve primary health-care service providers' (PHSPs) knowledge, attitude, and practice in managing EAN cases. We performed a comprehensive and systematic search for original studies in the following major electronic databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL) and specialist registers (Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Register) with a set of search terms. Studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies on EAN education intervention that aimed to improve knowledge, attitude, and management skills of the PHSPs. There were no publication period restrictions until June 2018 and written in English. Overall, three RCTs and 10 observational studies were selected. These studies were grouped based on the type of the study, methodological quality (six moderate risk of bias and seven serious risk of bias), and the type of educational intervention (seven face-to-face educational intervention, two educational videos, two simulation-based training, and two online educational training). The education programs in the selected studies range from brief didactic to experiential learning. EAN educational intervention among primary care service providers potentially result in increasing awareness and knowledge on EAN. However, there is a lack of evidence on the changes of attitude and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadzilah Hanum Mohd Mydin
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, and Primary Care Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Choo Wan Yuen
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sajaratulnisah Othman
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, and Primary Care Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mohd Mydin FH, Othman S, Choo WY, Hairi NNM, Hairi FM, Syed Karim SN, Tan MP, Ali Z, Abdul Aziz S, Mohd R, Mohamad R, Ramli R, Awaludin LR. Supporting family doctors to address elder abuse: a quasi-experimental study in Malaysia. J Elder Abuse Negl 2021; 33:151-167. [PMID: 33899705 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2021.1919272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This quasi-experimental study examined the effect of Supporting Family Doctors to Address Elder Abuse (SAFE) educational intervention among family doctors practicing at public primary care clinics in Malaysia. SAFE is an intensive, multimodal, locally tailored, and culturally sensitive face-to-face educational intervention on elder abuse. A significant mean score improvement of knowledge [Baseline: 5.33 (SD:1.33) to 6-month post-intervention: 6.45 (SD: 1.35); p<0.001] and perceived behavioral control [Baseline: 50.83 (SD: 8.87) to six-month post-intervention: 56.16 (SD: 9.56); p<0.001] observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. No significant difference in attitude, subjective norm, and practice scores between the two groups over time. SAFE educational intervention for family doctors was effective to improve but not sustainable knowledge and perceived behavioral control toward elder abuse identification and management. We recommend SAFE educational intervention as part of the continuous medical education for family doctors supplemented with a change in organization and national policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadzilah Hanum Mohd Mydin
- Universiti Malaya Primary Care Research Group, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sajaratulnisah Othman
- Universiti Malaya Primary Care Research Group, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yuen Choo
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noran Naqiah Mohd Hairi
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farizah Mohd Hairi
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Norsuhaida Syed Karim
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainudin Ali
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Rokiah Mohd
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Rosmala Mohamad
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Rohaya Ramli
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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5
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An Ecological Perspective on Elder Abuse Interventions. INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON AGING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25093-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Rosen T, Elman A, Dion S, Delgado D, Demetres M, Breckman R, Lees K, Dash K, Lang D, Bonner A, Burnett J, Dyer CB, Snyder R, Berman A, Fulmer T, Lachs MS. Review of Programs to Combat Elder Mistreatment: Focus on Hospitals and Level of Resources Needed. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:1286-1294. [PMID: 30901078 PMCID: PMC6561817 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder mistreatment is common and has serious social and medical consequences for victims. Though programs to combat this mistreatment have been developed and implemented for more than three decades, previous systematic literature reviews have found few successful ones. OBJECTIVE To conduct a more comprehensive examination of programs to improve elder mistreatment identification, intervention, or prevention, including those that had not undergone evaluation. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO Elton B. Stephens Co. (EBSCO), AgeLine, CINAHL. MEASUREMENTS We abstracted key information about each program and categorized programs into 14 types and 9 subtypes. For programs that reported an impact evaluation, we systematically assessed the study quality. We also systematically examined the potential for programs to be successfully implemented in environments with limited resources available. RESULTS We found 116 articles describing 115 elder mistreatment programs. Of these articles, 43% focused on improving prevention, 50% focused on identification, and 95% focused on intervention, with 66% having multiple foci. The most common types of program were: educational (53%), multidisciplinary team (MDT) (21%), psychoeducation/therapy/counseling (15%), and legal services/support (8%). Of the programs, 13% integrated an acute-care hospital, 43% had high potential to work in low-resource environments, and 57% reported an attempt to evaluate program impact, but only 2% used a high-quality study design. CONCLUSION Many programs to combat elder mistreatment have been developed and implemented, with the majority focusing on education and MDT development. Though more than half reported evaluation of program impact, few used high-quality study design. Many have the potential to work in low-resource environments. Acute-care hospitals were infrequently integrated into programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Rosen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College / NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
| | - Alyssa Elman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College / NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
| | - Sarah Dion
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Diana Delgado
- Samuel J. Wood Library & C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Michelle Demetres
- Samuel J. Wood Library & C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Risa Breckman
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Weill Cornell Medical College / NewYork-Presbyterian
| | | | | | - Debi Lang
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School
| | - Alice Bonner
- School of Nursing, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University
- Executive Office of Elder Affairs, Commonwealth of Massachusetts
| | - Jason Burnett
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School
| | - Carmel B. Dyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School
| | | | | | | | - Mark S. Lachs
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Weill Cornell Medical College / NewYork-Presbyterian
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Arya M, Marek HG, Marren RE, Hemmige V, Street RL, Giordano TP. Development and Evaluation of a Physician-Targeted Video to Promote HIV Screening. Health Promot Pract 2018; 20:922-931. [PMID: 29938534 DOI: 10.1177/1524839918783742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Despite national recommendations, routine opt-out HIV testing has not been widely adopted by physicians. Guided by previous research on physician barriers to HIV testing, we developed a physician-targeted video to promote routine opt-out HIV screening. The objective of this study was to evaluate this video intervention. Methods. From June to July 2016, physicians in two primary care clinics completed an online survey prior to and after watching the video. Survey items assessed acceptability of the video and HIV testing knowledge, attitudes, and intention to screen. Descriptive statistics were generated to analyze data. Results. Of the 53 participants, 90% liked or strongly liked the video. Pre- to postvideo, significant improvements were seen in the knowledge of national HIV screening recommendations (45.3% to 67.9%; p = .010) and of the proportion of unaware Houstonians living with HIV (22.6% to 75.5%; p < .001). Participant beliefs about the likelihood of patients accepting HIV testing increased from 47.2% to 84.9% pre- to postvideo (p < .001). Intention to screen did not change; participants had high intentions pre- and postvideo. Conclusions. Our study found that a video is an acceptable HIV testing promotion medium for physicians. Our video improved physician HIV testing knowledge and attitudes, overcoming key barriers to HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Arya
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E, DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Richard L Street
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E, DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Giordano
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E, DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Sundborg E, Törnkvist L, Wändell P, Saleh-Stattin N. Impact of an educational intervention for district nurses about preparedness to encounter women exposed to intimate partner violence. Scand J Caring Sci 2017; 32:902-913. [PMID: 28922452 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on the preparedness of district nurses at primary healthcare centres to encounter women exposed to intimate partner violence. METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN An observational quasi-experimental study. Participants were divided into an intervention group (n = 117) and a control group (n = 204), both from the eastern part of Sweden. A group of nurses from across Sweden (the 'national group,' n = 217) was also recruited. The Violence Against Women Health Care Provider Survey was used pre- and 1 year postintervention to measure the intervention's impact. This survey, which measured preparedness, included eight factors: practitioner preparedness, self-confidence, lack of control, comfort following disclosure, professional support, practice pressures, abuse inquiry and consequences of asking. anova, the paired Wilcoxon test, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyse the data. FINDINGS Pre-intervention preparedness was equal in all three groups. In the intervention group, preparedness related to the factor practitioner lack of control increased (p = 0.003), but a comparison of change between the intervention and control groups showed no significant intervention effect (p = 0.069). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the intervention had a low impact on district nurses' preparedness. The educational intervention must be adjusted; a main focus of changes should be the addition of continuing postintervention supervision and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sundborg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm County, Huddinge, Sweden.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Törnkvist
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm County, Huddinge, Sweden.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Wändell
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm County, Huddinge, Sweden.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nouha Saleh-Stattin
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm County, Huddinge, Sweden.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Storey JE, Prashad AA. Recognizing, reporting, and responding to abuse, neglect, and self-neglect of vulnerable adults: an evaluation of the re:act adult protection worker basic curriculum. J Elder Abuse Negl 2017; 30:42-63. [DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2017.1371092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Alana Prashad
- Specialized Services for Seniors, Fraser Health, British Columbia, Canada
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10
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Lavigne JL, Portwood SG, Warren-Findlow J, Brunner Huber LR. Pediatric Inpatient Nurses' Perceptions of Child Maltreatment. J Pediatr Nurs 2017; 34:17-22. [PMID: 28215447 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of child maltreatment among inpatient pediatric nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was used to obtain responses to an online survey designed to examine perceptions of child maltreatment from inpatient pediatric nurses. RESULTS Many nurses surveyed (41.25%) indicated that they had not received adequate training or had never received training on child maltreatment identification and many (40%) also indicated they were not familiar with the applicable reporting laws. CONCLUSIONS Due to the serious immediate and long term effects of child maltreatment, it is imperative that pediatric inpatient nurses have adequate training on how to identify potential abuse and neglect cases, as well as legal reporting requirements, since they are in a unique position to identify potential cases of maltreatment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS There is a continuing need for training on child maltreatment identification and reporting laws for inpatient pediatric nurses.
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Turner W, Hester M, Broad J, Szilassy E, Feder G, Drinkwater J, Firth A, Stanley N. Interventions to Improve the Response of Professionals to Children Exposed to Domestic Violence and Abuse: A Systematic Review. CHILD ABUSE REVIEW (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND : 1992) 2017; 26:19-39. [PMID: 28392674 PMCID: PMC5363379 DOI: 10.1002/car.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of children to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is a form of child maltreatment with short- and long-term behavioural and mental health impact. Health care professionals are generally uncertain about how to respond to domestic violence and are particularly unclear about best practice with regards to children's exposure and their role in a multiagency response. In this systematic review, we report educational and structural or whole-system interventions that aim to improve professionals' understanding of, and response to, DVA survivors and their children. We searched 22 bibliographic databases and contacted topic experts for studies reporting quantitative outcomes for any type of intervention aiming to improve professional responses to disclosure of DVA with child involvement. We included interventions for physicians, nurses, social workers and teachers. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria: three randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 18 pre-post intervention surveys. There were 18 training and three system-level interventions. Training interventions generally had positive effects on participants' knowledge, attitudes towards DVA and clinical competence. The results from the RCTs were consistent with the before-after surveys. Results from system-level interventions aimed to change organisational practice and inter-organisational collaboration demonstrates the benefit of coordinating system change in child welfare agencies with primary health care and other organisations. Implications for policy and research are discussed. © 2015 The Authors. Child Abuse Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 'We searched 22 bibliographic databases and contacted topic experts'. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGES We reviewed published evidence on interventions aimed at improving professionals' practice with domestic violence survivors and their children.Training programmes were found to improve participants' knowledge, attitudes and clinical competence up to a year after delivery.Key elements of successful training include interactive discussion, booster sessions and involving specialist domestic violence practitioners.Whole-system approaches aiming to promote coordination and collaboration across agencies appear promising but require funding and high levels of commitment from partners. 'Training programmes were found to improve participants' knowledge, attitudes and clinical competence up to a year after delivery'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gene Feder
- Centre for Academic Primary CareUniversity of BristolUK
| | | | - Adam Firth
- Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of ManchesterUK
| | - Nicky Stanley
- School of Social WorkUniversity of Central LancashirePrestonUK
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12
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Abeid M, Muganyizi P, Mpembeni R, Darj E, Axemo P. Evaluation of a training program for health care workers to improve the quality of care for rape survivors: a quasi-experimental design study in Morogoro, Tanzania. Glob Health Action 2016; 9:31735. [PMID: 27435570 PMCID: PMC4951636 DOI: 10.3402/gha.v9.31735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual violence against women and children in Tanzania and globally is a human rights violation and a developmental challenge. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the impact of training health professionals on rape management. The specific objectives were to evaluate the changes of knowledge and attitudes toward sexual violence among a selected population of health professionals at primary health care level. DESIGN A quasi-experimental design using cross-sectional surveys was conducted to evaluate health care workers' knowledge, attitude, and clinical practice toward sexual violence before and after the training program. The study involved the Kilombero (intervention) and Ulanga (comparison) districts in Morogoro region. A total of 151 health professionals at baseline (2012) and 169 in the final assessment (2014) participated in the survey. Data were collected using the same structured questionnaire. The amount of change in key indicators from baseline to final assessment in the two areas was compared using composite scores in the pre- and post-interventions, and the net intervention effect was calculated by the difference in difference method. RESULTS Overall, there was improved knowledge in the intervention district from 55% at baseline to 86% and a decreased knowledge from 58.5 to 36.2% in the comparison area with a net effect of 53.7% and a p-value less than 0.0001. The proportion of participants who exhibited an accepting attitude toward violence declined from 15.3 to 11.2% in the intervention area but increased from 13.2 to 20.0% in the comparison area. CONCLUSIONS Training on the management of sexual violence is feasible and the results indicate improvement in healthcare workers' knowledge and practice but not attitudes. Lessons learned from this study for successful replication of such an intervention in similar settings require commitment from those at strategic level within the health service to ensure that adequate resources are made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzdalifat Abeid
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;
| | - Projestine Muganyizi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Rose Mpembeni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Elisabeth Darj
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pia Axemo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Crombie N, Hooker L, Reisenhofer S. Nurse and midwifery education and intimate partner violence: a scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2016; 26:2100-2125. [PMID: 27412048 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to identify the scope of current literature considering nurse/midwife educational practices in the areas of intimate partner violence to inform future nursing/midwifery educational policy and practice. BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence is a global issue affecting a significant portion of the community. Healthcare professionals including nurses/midwives in hospital- and community-based environments are likely to encounter affected women and need educational strategies that support best practice and promote positive outcomes for abused women and their families. DESIGN Scoping review of relevant literature from January 2000 to July 2015. METHOD Search of databases: CINHAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PROQUEST Central and COCHRANE Library. Reference lists from included articles were searched for relevant literature as were several grey literature sources. RESULTS This review demonstrates low levels of undergraduate or postregistration intimate partner violence education for nursing/midwifery staff and students. Existing intimate partner violence education strategies are varied in implementation, method and content. Outcomes of these educational programmes are not always rigorously evaluated for staff or client-based outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to evaluate existing intimate partner violence education programmes for nurses/midwives and identify the most effective strategies to promote improved clinical practice and outcomes for abused women and their families. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Intimate partner violence has a significant social and public health impact. The World Health Organization has identified the need to ensure that healthcare professionals are adequately trained to meet the needs of abused women. Intimate partner violence education programmes, commencing at undergraduate studies for nurses/midwives, need to be implemented with rigorously evaluated programmes to ensure they meet identified objectives, promote best practice and improve care for abused women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leesa Hooker
- Department of Rural Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Vic., Australia
| | - Sonia Reisenhofer
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
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Szilassy E, Carpenter J, Patsios D, Hackett S. Outcomes of Short Course Interprofessional Training in Domestic Violence and Child Protection. Violence Against Women 2013; 19:1370-83. [DOI: 10.1177/1077801213513857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interrelationship between domestic violence and child protection is well established, yet deficiencies in interprofessional collaboration have been reported and training is advocated as a solution. This study evaluates the outcomes of short interagency and interprofessional training in domestic abuse. Participants’ attitudes and knowledge were assessed using a self-report scale and compared in a double-baseline time-series design. Participants ( N = 177) were recruited from a range of agencies in England. There were consistent, statistically significant improvements in participants’ attitudes, knowledge, and self-confidence between the start and end of course ( p < .001). The long-term outcomes of training and the implementation of learning, however, remain uncertain.
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Haj-Yahia MM. Attitudes of Palestinian physicians toward wife abuse: their definitions, perceptions of causes, and perceptions of appropriate interventions. Violence Against Women 2013; 19:376-99. [PMID: 23676449 DOI: 10.1177/1077801213486328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The article presents results from a larger survey, which examined the attitudes and perceptions of Palestinian physicians (N = 396) toward wife abuse. The instrument was a self-administered questionnaire, with open-ended questions in which participants expressed their definitions of wife abuse, their perceptions of the causes of wife abuse, and their perceptions of appropriate interventions with wife abuse. The relevance of the sociocultural contexts of Palestinian society in particular and Arab societies in general to the participants' responses is highlighted in the article. The limitations of the study as well as implications for theory development, future research, and professional training are discussed.
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Cusimano MD, Chipman M, Donnelly P, Hutchison MG. Effectiveness of an educational video on concussion knowledge in minor league hockey players: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med 2013; 48:141-6. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Papadakaki M, Petridou E, Kogevinas M, Lionis C. Measuring the effectiveness of an intensive IPV training program offered to Greek general practitioners and residents of general practice. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2013; 13:46. [PMID: 23537186 PMCID: PMC3617069 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for effective training of primary care physicians in the prevention, detection and handling of intimate partner violence (IPV) has been widely acknowledged, given its frequency in daily practice. The current intervention study aimed to measure changes in the actual IPV knowledge, perceived knowledge, perceived preparedness and detection ability of practicing general practitioners (GPs) and general practice residents, following an intensive IPV training program. METHODS A pre/post-test design with a control group was employed to compare changes in baseline measures of IPV at the post intervention stage and at 12 months. A total of 40 participants provided full data; 25 GPs (11 in the intervention and 14 in the control) and 15 residents (intervention only). Three scales of the PREMIS survey were used to draw information on the study outcomes. RESULTS The training program met high acceptance by both groups of participants and high practicality in clinical practice. The GPs in the intervention group performed better than the GPs in the control group on "Perceived preparedness" and "Perceived knowledge" in both the post-intervention (p= .012, r= .50 and p= .001, r= .68) and the 12-month follow-up (p= .024, r= .45 and p= .007, r= .54) as well as better than the residents in "Perceived preparedness" at post-intervention level (p= .037, r= .41). Residents on the other hand, performed better than the GPs in the intervention group on "Actual knowledge" at the 12-month follow-up (p= .012, r= .49). No significant improvements or between group differences were found in terms of the self-reported detection of IPV cases. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed to decide whether residency training could serve as an early intervention stage for IPV training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papadakaki
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes, P.C, Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Eleni Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Athens University Medical School, 75 Micras Asias Ave, Goudi, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- National School of Public Health, Alexandras Avenue 196, Athens, PC 115 21, Greece
| | - Christos Lionis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes, P.C, Heraklion, 71003, Greece
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The effect of an educational intervention on junior doctors' knowledge and practice in detecting and managing elder abuse. Int Psychogeriatr 2012; 24:1447-53. [PMID: 22459011 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610212000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse is often unreported, undetected, and underestimated by professionals. For the first time, we report the effectiveness of an educational elder abuse intervention over three months and its impact on professionals' practice. METHODS Forty trainee psychiatrists in two London National Health Service trusts completed the KAMA (Knowledge and Management of Elder Abuse) and CSQ (Caregiver Scenario Questionnaire) measuring knowledge about managing and detecting elder abuse, before and immediately after a brief group education session. We asked how often they considered, asked about, detected, and managed elder abuse and their confidence in doing so, at baseline and three months post-intervention. RESULTS Compared with baseline, participants scored higher on the KAMA (paired t = 3.4, p = 0.002), and identified more definitely abusive (t = 3.0, p = 0.003) and possibly abusive (t = 2.1, p = 0.043) items immediately post-intervention. At three-month follow up, 24 (60%) participants reported higher confidence in managing abuse (Wilcoxon signed ranks test z = 3.7, p < 0.001) and considered it more frequently (z = 2.8, p = 0.006), but did not ask older people and their carers about abuse more frequently (z = 1.2, p = 0.24). Two (5%, 95% confidence interval 2%-17%) participants detected abuse in the three months before the intervention, compared with 2 (8%, 2%-26%) in the same period afterward. CONCLUSIONS This brief educational intervention increased trainee psychiatrists' knowledge and vigilance for abuse immediately and after three months. They remained reluctant to ask about abuse for reasons including fear of causing offence or harming the therapeutic relationship and being unsure how to ask people with dementia. We postulate that changing doctors' behavior may require a more complex intervention, focusing on communication skills.
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McCauley J, Haaz S, Tarpley MJ, Koenig HG, Bartlett SJ. A randomized controlled trial to assess effectiveness of a spiritually-based intervention to help chronically ill adults. Int J Psychiatry Med 2011; 41:91-105. [PMID: 21495524 DOI: 10.2190/pm.41.1.h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Creative, cost-effective ways are needed to help older adults deal effectively with chronic diseases. Spiritual beliefs and practices are often used to deal with health problems. We evaluated whether a minimal intervention, consisting of a video and workbook encouraging use of patient spiritual coping, would be inoffensive and improve perceived health status. METHODS A randomized clinical trial of 100 older, chronically ill adults were assigned to a Spiritual (SPIRIT) or Educational (EDUC--standard cardiac risk reduction) intervention. Individuals in each group were shown a 28-minute video and given a workbook to complete over 4 weeks. Selected psychosocial and health outcome measures were administered at baseline and 6 weeks later. RESULTS Participants were mostly female (62%), with a mean age of 65.8 +/- 9.6 years and had an average of three chronic illnesses. More than 90% were Christian. At baseline, frequent daily spiritual experiences (DSE) were associated with being African American (p < .05) and increased pain (p < .01) and co-morbidities (p < or = .01). Energy increased significantly (p < .05) in the SPIRIT group and decreased in the EDUC group. Improvements in pain, mood, health perceptions, illness intrusiveness, and self-efficacy were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS A minimal intervention encouraging spiritual coping was inoffensive to patients, associated with increased energy, and required no additional clinician time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne McCauley
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA.
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Haj-Yahia MM, Uysal A. Toward an integrative theoretical framework for explaining beliefs about wife beating: a study among students of nursing from Turkey. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2011; 26:1401-1431. [PMID: 20505114 DOI: 10.1177/0886260510369135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An integrative theoretical framework was tested as the basis for explaining beliefs about wife beating among Turkish nursing students. Based on a survey design, 406 nursing students (404 females) in all 4 years of undergraduate studies completed a self-administered questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed and collected from the participants during their attendance of core courses. The results revealed that between 8% and 27% of the students expressed some level of willingness to justify wife beating, between 8% and 11% showed a tendency to believe that battered women benefit from beating, and between 10% and about 29% indicated that battered women are responsible for their beating. However, more than 88% of the students expressed willingness to help battered women, more than 63% of them indicated that violent husbands are responsible for their behavior, and about 28% or more showed a tendency to support punishing violent husbands. The results also indicated that significant amounts of the variance in the students' beliefs about wife beating can be attributed to their patriarchal ideology, to their exposure to family violence during childhood and adolescence, and to their traumatic symptoms. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the results for future research on the topic. Emphasis is placed on developing a more integrative theoretical approach for explaining beliefs about wife beating, and on the professional socialization of nursing students.
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Alvarez KM, Donohue B, Carpenter A, Romero V, Allen DN, Cross C. Development and preliminary evaluation of a training method to assist professionals in reporting suspected child maltreatment. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2010; 15:211-8. [PMID: 20395225 PMCID: PMC3489268 DOI: 10.1177/1077559510365535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The understudied process of reporting suspected child maltreatment to authorities is often difficult for both mental health professionals and family members who are intimately involved. Therefore, the current study was conducted to develop a training curriculum to assist professionals in reporting suspected child maltreatment. Fifty-five professional and student mental health practitioners were randomly assigned to workshop conditions that were relevant to either (a) reporting suspected child maltreatment or (b) learning to be sensitive to ethnicity. Results indicated participants in the reporting suspected child maltreatment condition demonstrated significant improvement in knowledge of child maltreatment reporting laws, accuracy in recognizing child maltreatment, and clinical expertise in reporting. Implications to clinical practice are discussed in light of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisann M Alvarez
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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Knowledge, detection, and reporting of abuse by health and social care professionals: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009; 17:826-38. [PMID: 19916205 DOI: 10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181b0fa2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors systematically reviewed the 32 articles fitting predetermined criteria that investigated health and social care professionals' knowledge, detection, and reporting of elder abuse. These included 21 surveys (of 5,325 professionals), nine analyses of elder abuse reports to statutory bodies, and two intervention studies. Compatible results were pooled in a meta-analysis. Professionals consistently underestimated the prevalence of elder abuse. Only a quarter of U.S. physicians were aware of American Medical Association elder abuse guidelines. The authors found that 33.7% (95% confidence interval: 27.5-40.1) of health care professionals had detected a case of older adult abuse in the last year. This was slightly higher when only studies judged to be most representative, which all surveyed physicians, were included (39.9% [23.4-57.7]). About half of the detected abuse cases were reported. Professionals who recalled receiving any training on abuse were no more likely to detect abuse than those who stated they had not had training, although they were more likely to report the abuse if they detected it. Interventions that taught professionals about the management of abuse by face-to-face training were effective in increasing knowledge, whereas giving written information was not. No intervention studies have investigated whether detection and reporting of abuse can also be increased through education. Current evidence would support the development and testing of interventions to increase professionals' detection and reporting of abuse. These would encourage them to ask older people about abuse, and address professionals' concerns about the impact of reporting on therapeutic relationships, victims; and legal consequences for the reporter.
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Warburton AL, Hanif B, Rowsell C, Coulthard P. Changes in the levels of knowledge and attitudes of dental hospital staff about domestic violence following attendance at an awareness raising seminar. Br Dent J 2007; 201:653-9; discussion 651. [PMID: 17128240 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4814232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess changes in dental team knowledge and awareness about domestic violence following attendance at a brief training intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five dental hospital staff at the University of Manchester Dental Hospital attended a two-hour session delivered by Manchester's City Wide NHS Domestic Violence Project manager. Participants completed identical questionnaires immediately before and after the session. Paired t-tests were conducted to determine changes in responses to individual questions before and after training. Independent sample t-tests were also conducted to compare mean responses by sex. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were seen in 50% of attitude questions and 100% of knowledge questions. After training, there was improved recognition that interpersonal violence was a health issue and that the dental profession should be more involved in identification of abuse. There was also improved comfort asking about abuse and respondents were less afraid of offending the patient and less likely to blame the victims for being abused. Statistically significant sex differences at baseline were also seen for several items: females obtaining more correct answers at baseline than males. CONCLUSIONS Brief domestic violence training interventions can be effective in improving knowledge and attitudes amongst a dental team but could lead to false confidence in staff and should be followed by in-depth practical training and the development of appropriate processes for dealing with abuse victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Warburton
- Centre for Women's Mental Health Research, Division of Psychiatry, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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Baig A, Shadigian E, Heisler M. Hidden from plain sight: residents' domestic violence screening attitudes and reported practices. J Gen Intern Med 2006; 21:949-54. [PMID: 16918740 PMCID: PMC1831595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Revised: 11/17/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic violence (DV) is prevalent across all racial and socioeconomic classes in the United States. Little is known about whether physicians differentially screen based on a patient's race or socioeconomic status (SES) or about resident physician screening attitudes and practices. OBJECTIVE To assess the importance of patient race and SES and resident and clinical characteristics in resident physician DV screening practices. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS One-hundred and sixty-seven of 309 (response rate: 54%) residents from 6 specialties at a large academic medical center responded to a randomly assigned online survey that included 1 of 4 clinical vignettes and questions on attitudes and practices regarding DV screening. MEASUREMENTS We measured patient, resident, and clinical practice characteristics and used bivariate and multivariate methods to assess their association with the importance residents place on DV screening and if they would definitely screen for DV in the clinical vignette. RESULTS Residents screened the African-American and the Caucasian woman (51% vs 57%, P = .40) and the woman of low SES and high SES (49% vs 58%, P = .26) at similar rates. Thirty-seven percent of residents incorrectly reported rates of DV are higher among African Americans than Caucasians, and 66% incorrectly reported rates are higher among women of lower than of higher SES. In multivariate analyses, residents who knew where to refer DV victims (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43 to 8.73) and whose mentors advised them to screen (AOR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.42 to 8.42) were more likely to screen for DV. CONCLUSION Although residents have incorrect knowledge about the epidemiology of DV, they showed no racial or SES preferences in screening for DV. Improvement of mentoring and educating residents about referral resources may be promising strategies to increase resident DV screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshiya Baig
- Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
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Nicolaidis C, Curry M, Gerrity M. Measuring the impact of the Voices of Survivors program on health care workers' attitudes toward survivors of intimate partner violence. J Gen Intern Med 2005; 20:731-7. [PMID: 16050883 PMCID: PMC1490183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.0141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most continuing medical education programs on intimate partner violence (IPV) use an expert-driven approach and focus on changing knowledge and screening behaviors. The Voices of Survivors program aims to also improve attitudes and empathy. OBJECTIVES To test the Attitudes Toward Survivors of IPV (ATSI) survey psychometrically. To assess the effectiveness of the Voices of Survivors program in changing health care workers' responsibility to assess for and counsel about IPV, respect for patient autonomy, empathy toward patients in abusive relationships, barriers, confidence, knowledge, and self-reported assessment behaviors. SETTING Thirty-one unaffiliated primary care practices in Washington County, Ore. DESIGN Comparison of ATSI survey results before and after a two-hour workshop including a 30-minute video and an advocate-led discussion. PARTICIPANTS Convenience sample of primary care providers, medical support staff, and other clinic employees. RESULTS Two hundred and eighty-four health care workers participated in the training. Two hundred and sixty-seven (94%) completed workshop evaluations and 187 (66%) completed both pre- and postintervention surveys. Cronbach's alpha for all scales ranged from 0.68 to 0.92. Postintervention, participants' summary scores improved for responsibility to assess for IPV (3.96 vs 3.64; P<.0001), respect for patient autonomy (2.78 vs 2.41; P<.0001), empathy (3.24 vs. 2.99; P=.002), confidence (2.33 vs 2.07; P<.0001), knowledge (2.08 vs 1.64; P<.0001), and self-reported behaviors (3.08 vs 2.53; P=.0001). Barriers related to availability of resources and referrals also improved. CONCLUSIONS The ATSI scales demonstrated good internal reliability and responsiveness to change in all domains except responsibility to counsel. The Voices of Survivors documentary, along with a workshop based on its companion guide, improved clinic employees' knowledge, attitudes, empathy, and self-reported assessment behaviors about IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nicolaidis
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Brienza RS, Whitman L, Ladouceur L, Green ML. Evaluation of a women's safe shelter experience to teach internal medicine residents about intimate partner violence. A randomized controlled trial. J Gen Intern Med 2005; 20:536-40. [PMID: 15987330 PMCID: PMC1490142 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.0100.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a major public health problem, physicians often fail to screen female patients. Reported IPV training approaches suffer from weak study designs and limited outcome assessments. We hypothesized that an educational experience for residents at a women's safe shelter would have significantly greater impact on IPV competencies, screening, and care for victims than a workshop seminar alone. In a pre-post randomized controlled trial, we compared residents exposed to the workshop seminar alone (controls) to residents exposed to these methods plus an experience at a women's safe shelter (cases). Competencies were assessed by written questionnaire and included knowledge, skills, attitudes, resource awareness, and screening behaviors. Of the 36 residents in the trial, 22 (61%) completed both pre- and postquestionnaires. Compared to controls, cases showed significantly greater pre-post improvement in the knowledge composite subscale. There were no significant differences between cases and controls in the subscales of skills, attitudes, or resource awareness. Cases increased their self-reported screening frequency but this did not differ significantly from the controls. Enhancing traditional IPV curriculum with a women's safe shelter educational experience may result in small improvements in residents' knowledge about IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Brienza
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of St. Raphael, New Haven, CT, USA.
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