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Layer N, Abdel-Latif KHA, Radecke JO, Müller V, Weglage A, Lang-Roth R, Walger M, Sandmann P. Effects of noise and noise reduction on audiovisual speech perception in cochlear implant users: An ERP study. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 154:141-156. [PMID: 37611325 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hearing with a cochlear implant (CI) is difficult in noisy environments, but the use of noise reduction algorithms, specifically ForwardFocus, can improve speech intelligibility. The current event-related potentials (ERP) study examined the electrophysiological correlates of this perceptual improvement. METHODS Ten bimodal CI users performed a syllable-identification task in auditory and audiovisual conditions, with syllables presented from the front and stationary noise presented from the sides. Brainstorm was used for spatio-temporal evaluation of ERPs. RESULTS CI users revealed an audiovisual benefit as reflected by shorter response times and greater activation in temporal and occipital regions at P2 latency. However, in auditory and audiovisual conditions, background noise hampered speech processing, leading to longer response times and delayed auditory-cortex-activation at N1 latency. Nevertheless, activating ForwardFocus resulted in shorter response times, reduced listening effort and enhanced superior-frontal-cortex-activation at P2 latency, particularly in audiovisual conditions. CONCLUSIONS ForwardFocus enhances speech intelligibility in audiovisual speech conditions by potentially allowing the reallocation of attentional resources to relevant auditory speech cues. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows for CI users that background noise and ForwardFocus differentially affect spatio-temporal cortical response patterns, both in auditory and audiovisual speech conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Layer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany.
| | | | - Jan-Ole Radecke
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Germany; Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Verena Müller
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany
| | - Anna Weglage
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany
| | - Ruth Lang-Roth
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany
| | - Martin Walger
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany; Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Clinical ENT Research, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Pascale Sandmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Center, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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2
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Dheerendra P, Barascud N, Kumar S, Overath T, Griffiths TD. Dynamics underlying auditory-object-boundary detection in primary auditory cortex. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:7274-7288. [PMID: 34549472 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Auditory object analysis requires the fundamental perceptual process of detecting boundaries between auditory objects. However, the dynamics underlying the identification of discontinuities at object boundaries are not well understood. Here, we employed a synthetic stimulus composed of frequency-modulated ramps known as 'acoustic textures', where boundaries were created by changing the underlying spectrotemporal statistics. We collected magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data from human volunteers and observed a slow (<1 Hz) post-boundary drift in the neuromagnetic signal. The response evoking this drift signal was source localised close to Heschl's gyrus (HG) bilaterally, which is in agreement with a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that found HG to be involved in the detection of similar auditory object boundaries. Time-frequency analysis demonstrated suppression in alpha and beta bands that occurred after the drift signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Dheerendra
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.,Institute of Neuroscience & Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nicolas Barascud
- LSCP, Département d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sukhbinder Kumar
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tobias Overath
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy D Griffiths
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
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3
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Herrmann B, Maess B, Johnsrude IS. A neural signature of regularity in sound is reduced in older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 109:1-10. [PMID: 34634748 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to repetitions in sound amplitude and frequency is crucial for sound perception. As with other aspects of sound processing, sensitivity to such patterns may change with age, and may help explain some age-related changes in hearing such as segregating speech from background sound. We recorded magnetoencephalography to characterize differences in the processing of sound patterns between younger and older adults. We presented tone sequences that either contained a pattern (made of a repeated set of tones) or did not contain a pattern. We show that auditory cortex in older, compared to younger, adults is hyperresponsive to sound onsets, but that sustained neural activity in auditory cortex, indexing the processing of a sound pattern, is reduced. Hence, the sensitivity of neural populations in auditory cortex fundamentally differs between younger and older individuals, overresponding to sound onsets, while underresponding to patterns in sounds. This may help to explain some age-related changes in hearing such as increased sensitivity to distracting sounds and difficulties tracking speech in the presence of other sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Herrmann
- Department of Psychology & Brain and Mind Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, North York, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Burkhard Maess
- Brain Networks Unit, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingrid S Johnsrude
- Department of Psychology & Brain and Mind Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; School of Communication Sciences & Disorders, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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4
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Gonzalez JE, Musiek FE. The Onset-Offset N1-P2 Auditory Evoked Response in Individuals With High-Frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Responses to Broadband Noise. Am J Audiol 2021; 30:423-432. [PMID: 34057857 DOI: 10.1044/2021_aja-20-00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Clinical use of electrophysiologic measures has been limited to use of brief stimuli to evoke responses. While brief stimuli elicit onset responses in individuals with normal hearing and normal central auditory nervous system (CANS) function, responses represent the integrity of a fraction of the mainly excitatory central auditory neurons. Longer stimuli could provide information regarding excitatory and inhibitory CANS function. Our goal was to measure the onset-offset N1-P2 auditory evoked response in subjects with normal hearing and subjects with moderate high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (HFSNHL) to determine whether the response can be measured in individuals with moderate HFSNHL and, if so, whether waveform components differ between participant groups. Method Waveforms were obtained from 10 participants with normal hearing and seven participants with HFSNHL aged 40-67 years using 2,000-ms broadband noise stimuli with 40-ms rise-fall times presented at 50 dB SL referenced to stimulus threshold. Amplitudes and latencies were analyzed via repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). N1 and P2 onset latencies were compared to offset counterparts via repeated-measures ANOVA after subtracting 2,000 ms from the offset latencies to account for stimulus duration. Offset-to-onset trough-to-peak amplitude ratios between groups were compared using a one-way ANOVA. Results Responses were evoked from all participants. There were no differences between participant groups for the waveform components measured. Response × Participant Group interactions were not significant. Offset N1-P2 latencies were significantly shorter than onset counterparts after adjusting for stimulus duration (normal hearing: 43 ms shorter; HFSNHL: 47 ms shorter). Conclusions Onset-offset N1-P2 responses were resistant to moderate HFSNHL. It is likely that the onset was elicited by the presentation of a sound in silence and the offset by the change in stimulus envelope from plateau to fall, suggesting an excitatory onset response and an inhibitory-influenced offset response. Results indicated this protocol can be used to investigate CANS function in individuals with moderate HFSNHL. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14669007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Gonzalez
- Speech and Hearing Science, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe
| | - Frank E. Musiek
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson
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5
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Herrmann B, Araz K, Johnsrude IS. Sustained neural activity correlates with rapid perceptual learning of auditory patterns. Neuroimage 2021; 238:118238. [PMID: 34098064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeating structures forming regular patterns are common in sounds. Learning such patterns may enable accurate perceptual organization. In five experiments, we investigated the behavioral and neural signatures of rapid perceptual learning of regular sound patterns. We show that recurring (compared to novel) patterns are detected more quickly and increase sensitivity to pattern deviations and to the temporal order of pattern onset relative to a visual stimulus. Sustained neural activity reflected perceptual learning in two ways. Firstly, sustained activity increased earlier for recurring than novel patterns when participants attended to sounds, but not when they ignored them; this earlier increase mirrored the rapid perceptual learning we observed behaviorally. Secondly, the magnitude of sustained activity was generally lower for recurring than novel patterns, but only for trials later in the experiment, and independent of whether participants attended to or ignored sounds. The late manifestation of sustained activity reduction suggests that it is not directly related to rapid perceptual learning, but to a mechanism that does not require attention to sound. In sum, we demonstrate that the latency of sustained activity reflects rapid perceptual learning of auditory patterns, while the magnitude may reflect a result of learning, such as better prediction of learned auditory patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Herrmann
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, M6A 2E1, North York, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, M5S 1A1, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, N6A 3K7, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Kurdo Araz
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, N6A 3K7, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ingrid S Johnsrude
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, N6A 3K7, London, ON, Canada; School of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Western Ontario, N6A 5B7 London, ON, Canada
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6
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Andermann M, Günther M, Patterson RD, Rupp A. Early cortical processing of pitch height and the role of adaptation and musicality. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117501. [PMID: 33169697 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pitch is an important perceptual feature; however, it is poorly understood how its cortical correlates are shaped by absolute vs relative fundamental frequency (f0), and by neural adaptation. In this study, we assessed transient and sustained auditory evoked fields (AEFs) at the onset, progression, and offset of short pitch height sequences, taking into account the listener's musicality. We show that neuromagnetic activity reflects absolute f0 at pitch onset and offset, and relative f0 at transitions within pitch sequences; further, sequences with fixed f0 lead to larger response suppression than sequences with variable f0 contour, and to enhanced offset activity. Musical listeners exhibit stronger f0-related AEFs and larger differences between their responses to fixed vs variable sequences, both within sequences and at pitch offset. The results resemble prominent psychoacoustic phenomena in the perception of pitch contours; moreover, they suggest a strong influence of adaptive mechanisms on cortical pitch processing which, in turn, might be modulated by a listener's musical expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Andermann
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Melanie Günther
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roy D Patterson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - André Rupp
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Kumar P, Sanju HK, Hussain RO, Kaverappa Ganapathy M, Singh NK. Utility of Acoustic Change Complex as an Objective Tool to Evaluate Difference Limen for Intensity in Cochlear Hearing Loss and Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder. Am J Audiol 2020; 29:375-383. [PMID: 32628503 DOI: 10.1044/2020_aja-19-00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate usefulness of acoustic change complex (ACC) as an objective measure of difference limen for intensity (DLI) in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) and cochlear hearing loss (CHL). Method The study used a multiple static group comparison research design. Twenty normal-hearing individuals (NH), 19 individuals with ANSD, and 23 individuals with CHL underwent DLI measurement using behavioral (psychoacoustic) techniques and ACC. For eliciting ACC, a 500-ms, 1,000-Hz pure tone was presented at 80 dB SPL. Additionally, six variants of this stimulus with intensity increments of 1, 3, 4, 5, 10, and 20 dB starting 250 ms after stimulus onset were used to elicit the ACC. Results The lowest intensity change that produced replicable and clearly identifiable ACC was referred as objective DLI. In comparison to NH and CHL, the behavioral as well as the objective DLI were significantly larger (poorer) in ANSD (p < .05). Significantly strong positive correlation existed between DLI obtained using behavioral and objective measures (p < .05). Conclusions ACC could be a useful objective tool to measure DLI in the clinical population, provided the individuals of the clinical population fulfill the prerequisite of the presence of Auditory Long Latency Responses. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12560132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawin Kumar
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing,Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Himanshu Kumar Sanju
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing,Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Reesha Oovattil Hussain
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing,Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Niraj Kumar Singh
- Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing,Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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8
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Kim SG, Poeppel D, Overath T. Modulation change detection in human auditory cortex: Evidence for asymmetric, non-linear edge detection. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:2889-2904. [PMID: 32080939 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Changes in modulation rate are important cues for parsing acoustic signals, such as speech. We parametrically controlled modulation rate via the correlation coefficient (r) of amplitude spectra across fixed frequency channels between adjacent time frames: broadband modulation spectra are biased toward slow modulate rates with increasing r, and vice versa. By concatenating segments with different r, acoustic changes of various directions (e.g., changes from low to high correlation coefficients, that is, random-to-correlated or vice versa) and sizes (e.g., changes from low to high or from medium to high correlation coefficients) can be obtained. Participants listened to sound blocks and detected changes in correlation while MEG was recorded. Evoked responses to changes in correlation demonstrated (a) an asymmetric representation of change direction: random-to-correlated changes produced a prominent evoked field around 180 ms, while correlated-to-random changes evoked an earlier response with peaks at around 70 and 120 ms, whose topographies resemble those of the canonical P50m and N100m responses, respectively, and (b) a highly non-linear representation of correlation structure, whereby even small changes involving segments with a high correlation coefficient were much more salient than relatively large changes that did not involve segments with high correlation coefficients. Induced responses revealed phase tracking in the delta and theta frequency bands for the high correlation stimuli. The results confirm a high sensitivity for low modulation rates in human auditory cortex, both in terms of their representation and their segregation from other modulation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Goo Kim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Poeppel
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Overath
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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9
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Frühholz S, Trost W, Grandjean D, Belin P. Neural oscillations in human auditory cortex revealed by fast fMRI during auditory perception. Neuroimage 2020; 207:116401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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10
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Herrmann B, Buckland C, Johnsrude IS. Neural signatures of temporal regularity processing in sounds differ between younger and older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 83:73-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Itoh K, Nejime M, Konoike N, Nakamura K, Nakada T. Evolutionary Elongation of the Time Window of Integration in Auditory Cortex: Macaque vs. Human Comparison of the Effects of Sound Duration on Auditory Evoked Potentials. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:630. [PMID: 31293370 PMCID: PMC6601703 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory cortex integrates auditory information over time to obtain neural representations of sound events, the time scale of which critically affects perception. This work investigated the species differences in the time scale of integration by comparing humans and monkeys regarding how their scalp-recorded cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) decrease in amplitude as stimulus duration is shortened from 100 ms (or longer) to 2 ms. Cortical circuits tuned to processing sounds at short time scales would continue to produce large CAEPs to brief sounds whereas those tuned to longer time scales would produce diminished responses. Four peaks were identified in the CAEPs and labeled P1, N1, P2, and N2 in humans and mP1, mN1, mP2, and mN2 in monkeys. In humans, the N1 diminished in amplitude as sound duration was decreased, consistent with the previously described temporal integration window of N1 (>50 ms). In macaques, by contrast, the mN1 was unaffected by sound duration, and it was clearly elicited by even the briefest sounds. Brief sounds also elicited significant mN2 in the macaque, but not the human N2. Regarding earlier latencies, both P1 (humans) and mP1 (macaques) were elicited at their full amplitudes even by the briefest sounds. These findings suggest an elongation of the time scale of late stages of human auditory cortical processing, as reflected by N1/mN1 and later CAEP components. Longer time scales of integration would allow neural representations of complex auditory features that characterize speech and music.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Itoh
- Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nejime
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naho Konoike
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuki Nakamura
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakada
- Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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12
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Noda K, Kitahara T, Doi K. Sound Change Integration Error: An Explanatory Model of Tinnitus. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:831. [PMID: 30538615 PMCID: PMC6277469 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research is focused on identifying and understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie tinnitus. Unfortunately, however, most current models cannot adequately explain the majority of tinnitus features. For instance, although tinnitus generally appears within minutes after entering a silent environment, most models postulate that tinnitus emerges over a much larger timescale (days). Similarly, there is a limited understanding of how the severity of tinnitus can differ in patients with a similar degree of hearing loss. To address this critical knowledge gap, we have formulated a novel explanatory model of tinnitus, the perception-update (PU) model, which rests on a theory of information processing and can explain several key characteristics of tinnitus onset. The PU model posits that the brain continuously updates the information received from the inner ear by comparing it to the received information immediately before. That is, the auditory system processes the relative change in sensory input, as opposed to the absolute value of the auditory input. This is analogous to the functioning of data compression technology used for music and images called differential pulse code modulation (differential PCM). The PU model proposes that the inner ear transmits sound change to the auditory cortex via an auditory N1 response, an event-related potential component that constitutes is a prime signaler of auditory input change. In cases of hearing impairment, the PU model posits that the auditory system finds itself in a state of uncertainty where perception has to be predicted based on previous stimulation parameters, which can lead to the emergence of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadashi Kitahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Katsumi Doi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
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13
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Starzynski C, Gutschalk A. Context-dependent role of selective attention for change detection in multi-speaker scenes. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4623-4632. [PMID: 29999565 PMCID: PMC6866511 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disappearance of a voice or other sound source may often go unnoticed when the auditory scene is crowded. We explored the role of selective attention for this change deafness with magnetoencephalography in multi-speaker scenes. Each scene was presented two times in direct succession, and one target speaker was frequently omitted in Scene 2. When listeners were previously cued to the target speaker, activity in auditory cortex time locked to the target speaker's sound envelope was selectively enhanced in Scene 1, as was determined by a cross-correlation analysis. Moreover, the response was stronger for hit trials than for miss trials, confirming that selective attention played a role for subsequent change detection. If selective attention to the streams where the change occurred was generally required for successful change detection, neural enhancement of this stream would also be expected without cue in hit compared to miss trials. However, when listeners were not previously cued to the target, no enhanced activity for the target speaker was observed for hit trials, and there was no significant difference between hit and miss trials. These results, first, confirm a role for attention in change detection for situations where the target source is known. Second, they suggest that the omission of a speaker, or more generally an auditory stream, can alternatively be detected without selective attentional enhancement of the target stream. Several models and strategies could be envisaged for change detection in this case, including global comparison of the subsequent scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Gutschalk
- Department of NeurologyRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
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14
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Weise A, Schröger E, Horváth J. The detection of higher-order acoustic transitions is reflected in the N1 ERP. Psychophysiology 2018; 55:e13063. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annekathrin Weise
- Institut für Psychologie; Universität Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
- Paris-Lodron Universität Salzburg, Division of Physiological Psychology; Salzburg Austria
| | - Erich Schröger
- Institut für Psychologie; Universität Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - János Horváth
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology; Budapest Hungary
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15
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Park JM, Chung CK, Kim JS, Lee KM, Seol J, Yi SW. Musical Expectations Enhance Auditory Cortical Processing in Musicians: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Neuroscience 2018; 369:325-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Horváth J, Gaál ZA, Volosin M. Sound offset-related brain potentials show retained sensory processing, but increased cognitive control activity in older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 57:232-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Lightfoot G. Summary of the N1-P2 Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential to Estimate the Auditory Threshold in Adults. Semin Hear 2016; 37:1-8. [PMID: 27587918 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1570334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article introduces the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) and describes the use of the N1-P2 response complex as an objective predictor of hearing threshold in adults and older children. The generators of the CAEP are discussed together with issues of maturation, subject factors, and stimuli and recording parameters for use in the clinic. The basic methods for response identification are outlined and suggestions are made for determining the CAEP threshold. Clinical applications are introduced and the accuracy of the CAEP as an estimator of hearing threshold is given. Finally, a case study provides an example of the technique in the context of medicolegal assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Lightfoot
- ERA Training & Consultancy Ltd., West Kirby, England
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Herrmann B, Henry MJ, Johnsrude IS, Obleser J. Altered temporal dynamics of neural adaptation in the aging human auditory cortex. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 45:10-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Using concurrent EEG and fMRI to probe the state of the brain in schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2016; 12:429-41. [PMID: 27622140 PMCID: PMC5008052 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Perceptional abnormalities in schizophrenia are associated with hallucinations and delusions, but also with negative symptoms and poor functional outcome. Perception can be studied using EEG-derived event related potentials (ERPs). Because of their excellent temporal resolution, ERPs have been used to ask when perception is affected by schizophrenia. Because of its excellent spatial resolution, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to ask where in the brain these effects are seen. We acquired EEG and fMRI data simultaneously to explore when and where auditory perception is affected by schizophrenia. Thirty schizophrenia (SZ) patients and 23 healthy comparison subjects (HC) listened to 1000 Hz tones occurring about every second. We used joint independent components analysis (jICA) to combine EEG-based event-related potential (ERP) and fMRI responses to tones. Five ERP-fMRI joint independent components (JIC) were extracted. The "N100" JIC had temporal weights during N100 (peaking at 100 ms post-tone onset) and fMRI spatial weights in superior and middle temporal gyri (STG/MTG); however, it did not differ between groups. The "P200" JIC had temporal weights during P200 and positive fMRI spatial weights in STG/MTG and frontal areas, and negative spatial weights in the nodes of the default mode network (DMN) and visual cortex. Groups differed on the "P200" JIC: SZ had smaller "P200" JIC, especially those with more severe avolition/apathy. This is consistent with negative symptoms being related to perceptual deficits, and suggests patients with avolition/apathy may allocate too few resources to processing external auditory events and too many to processing internal events.
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Perceptual Temporal Asymmetry Associated with Distinct ON and OFF Responses to Time-Varying Sounds with Rising versus Falling Intensity: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Brain Sci 2016; 6:brainsci6030027. [PMID: 27527227 PMCID: PMC5039456 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This magnetoencephalography (MEG) study investigated evoked ON and OFF responses to ramped and damped sounds in normal-hearing human adults. Two pairs of stimuli that differed in spectral complexity were used in a passive listening task; each pair contained identical acoustical properties except for the intensity envelope. Behavioral duration judgment was conducted in separate sessions, which replicated the perceptual bias in favour of the ramped sounds and the effect of spectral complexity on perceived duration asymmetry. MEG results showed similar cortical sites for the ON and OFF responses. There was a dominant ON response with stronger phase-locking factor (PLF) in the alpha (8–14 Hz) and theta (4–8 Hz) bands for the damped sounds. In contrast, the OFF response for sounds with rising intensity was associated with stronger PLF in the gamma band (30–70 Hz). Exploratory correlation analysis showed that the OFF response in the left auditory cortex was a good predictor of the perceived temporal asymmetry for the spectrally simpler pair. The results indicate distinct asymmetry in ON and OFF responses and neural oscillation patterns associated with the dynamic intensity changes, which provides important preliminary data for future studies to examine how the auditory system develops such an asymmetry as a function of age and learning experience and whether the absence of asymmetry or abnormal ON and OFF responses can be taken as a biomarker for certain neurological conditions associated with auditory processing deficits.
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Tan A, Hu L, Tu Y, Chen R, Hung YS, Zhang Z. N1 Magnitude of Auditory Evoked Potentials and Spontaneous Functional Connectivity Between Bilateral Heschl's Gyrus Are Coupled at Interindividual Level. Brain Connect 2016; 6:496-504. [PMID: 27105665 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2016.0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N1 component of auditory evoked potentials is extensively used to investigate the propagation and processing of auditory inputs. However, the substantial interindividual variability of N1 could be a possible confounding factor when comparing different individuals or groups. Therefore, identifying the neuronal mechanism and origin of the interindividual variability of N1 is crucial in basic research and clinical applications. This study is aimed to use simultaneously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to investigate the coupling between N1 and spontaneous functional connectivity (FC). EEG and fMRI data were simultaneously collected from a group of healthy individuals during a pure-tone listening task. Spontaneous FC was estimated from spontaneous blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals that were isolated by regressing out task evoked BOLD signals from raw BOLD signals and then was correlated to N1 magnitude across individuals. It was observed that spontaneous FC between bilateral Heschl's gyrus was significantly and positively correlated with N1 magnitude across individuals (Spearman's R = 0.829, p < 0.001). The specificity of this observation was further confirmed by two whole-brain voxelwise analyses (voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity analysis and seed-based connectivity analysis). These results enriched our understanding of the functional significance of the coupling between event-related brain responses and spontaneous brain connectivity, and hold the potential to increase the applicability of brain responses as a probe to the mechanism underlying pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Tan
- 1 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Hu
- 2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,3 Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Yiheng Tu
- 1 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Chen
- 3 Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Yeung Sam Hung
- 1 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- 4 School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, China
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Inattentional Deafness: Visual Load Leads to Time-Specific Suppression of Auditory Evoked Responses. J Neurosci 2016; 35:16046-54. [PMID: 26658858 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2931-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Due to capacity limits on perception, conditions of high perceptual load lead to reduced processing of unattended stimuli (Lavie et al., 2014). Accumulating work demonstrates the effects of visual perceptual load on visual cortex responses, but the effects on auditory processing remain poorly understood. Here we establish the neural mechanisms underlying "inattentional deafness"--the failure to perceive auditory stimuli under high visual perceptual load. Participants performed a visual search task of low (target dissimilar to nontarget items) or high (target similar to nontarget items) load. On a random subset (50%) of trials, irrelevant tones were presented concurrently with the visual stimuli. Brain activity was recorded with magnetoencephalography, and time-locked responses to the visual search array and to the incidental presence of unattended tones were assessed. High, compared to low, perceptual load led to increased early visual evoked responses (within 100 ms from onset). This was accompanied by reduced early (∼ 100 ms from tone onset) auditory evoked activity in superior temporal sulcus and posterior middle temporal gyrus. A later suppression of the P3 "awareness" response to the tones was also observed under high load. A behavioral experiment revealed reduced tone detection sensitivity under high visual load, indicating that the reduction in neural responses was indeed associated with reduced awareness of the sounds. These findings support a neural account of shared audiovisual resources, which, when depleted under load, leads to failures of sensory perception and awareness. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The present work clarifies the neural underpinning of inattentional deafness under high visual load. The findings of near-simultaneous load effects on both visual and auditory evoked responses suggest shared audiovisual processing capacity. Temporary depletion of shared capacity in perceptually demanding visual tasks leads to a momentary reduction in sensory processing of auditory stimuli, resulting in inattentional deafness. The dynamic "push-pull" pattern of load effects on visual and auditory processing furthers our understanding of both the neural mechanisms of attention and of cross-modal effects across visual and auditory processing. These results also offer an explanation for many previous failures to find cross-modal effects in experiments where the visual load effects may not have coincided directly with auditory sensory processing.
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Sohoglu E, Chait M. Neural dynamics of change detection in crowded acoustic scenes. Neuroimage 2016; 126:164-72. [PMID: 26631816 PMCID: PMC4739509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two key questions concerning change detection in crowded acoustic environments are the extent to which cortical processing is specialized for different forms of acoustic change and when in the time-course of cortical processing neural activity becomes predictive of behavioral outcomes. Here, we address these issues by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to probe the cortical dynamics of change detection in ongoing acoustic scenes containing as many as ten concurrent sources. Each source was formed of a sequence of tone pips with a unique carrier frequency and temporal modulation pattern, designed to mimic the spectrotemporal structure of natural sounds. Our results show that listeners are more accurate and quicker to detect the appearance (than disappearance) of an auditory source in the ongoing scene. Underpinning this behavioral asymmetry are change-evoked responses differing not only in magnitude and latency, but also in their spatial patterns. We find that even the earliest (~50 ms) cortical response to change is predictive of behavioral outcomes (detection times), consistent with the hypothesized role of local neural transients in supporting change detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ediz Sohoglu
- UCL Ear Institute, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK.
| | - Maria Chait
- UCL Ear Institute, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK.
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Horváth J. Attention-dependent sound offset-related brain potentials. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:663-77. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- János Horváth
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
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Fonteneau E, Bozic M, Marslen-Wilson WD. Brain Network Connectivity During Language Comprehension: Interacting Linguistic and Perceptual Subsystems. Cereb Cortex 2015; 25:3962-76. [PMID: 25452574 PMCID: PMC4585526 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic neural processes underlying spoken language comprehension require the real-time integration of general perceptual and specialized linguistic information. We recorded combined electro- and magnetoencephalographic measurements of participants listening to spoken words varying in perceptual and linguistic complexity. Combinatorial linguistic complexity processing was consistently localized to left perisylvian cortices, whereas competition-based perceptual complexity triggered distributed activity over both hemispheres. Functional connectivity showed that linguistically complex words engaged a distributed network of oscillations in the gamma band (20-60 Hz), which only partially overlapped with the network supporting perceptual analysis. Both processes enhanced cross-talk between left temporal regions and bilateral pars orbitalis (BA47). The left-lateralized synchrony between temporal regions and pars opercularis (BA44) was specific to the linguistically complex words, suggesting a specific role of left frontotemporal cross-cortical interactions in morphosyntactic computations. Synchronizations in oscillatory dynamics reveal the transient coupling of functional networks that support specific computational processes in language comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Fonteneau
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mirjana Bozic
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - William D. Marslen-Wilson
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK
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Weise A, Grimm S, Trujillo-Barreto NJ, Schröger E. Timing matters: the processing of pitch relations. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:387. [PMID: 24966823 PMCID: PMC4052740 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human central auditory system can automatically extract abstract regularities from a variant auditory input. To this end, temporarily separated events need to be related. This study tested whether the timing between events, falling either within or outside the temporal window of integration (~350 ms), impacts the extraction of abstract feature relations. We utilized tone pairs for which tones within but not across pairs revealed a constant pitch relation (e.g., pitch of second tone of a pair higher than pitch of first tone, while absolute pitch values varied across pairs). We measured the mismatch negativity (MMN; the brain's error signal to auditory regularity violations) to second tones that rarely violated the pitch relation (e.g., pitch of second tone lower). A Short condition in which tone duration (90 ms) and stimulus onset asynchrony between the tones of a pair were short (110 ms) was compared to two conditions, where this onset asynchrony was long (510 ms). In the Long Gap condition, the tone durations were identical to Short (90 ms), but the silent interval was prolonged by 400 ms. In Long Tone, the duration of the first tone was prolonged by 400 ms, while the silent interval was comparable to Short (20 ms). Results show a frontocentral MMN of comparable amplitude in all conditions. Thus, abstract pitch relations can be extracted even when the within-pair timing exceeds the integration period. Source analyses indicate MMN generators in the supratemporal cortex. Interestingly, they were located more anterior in Long Gap than in Short and Long Tone. Moreover, frontal generator activity was found for Long Gap and Long Tone. Thus, the way in which the system automatically registers irregular abstract pitch relations depends on the timing of the events to be linked. Pending that the current MMN data mirror established abstract rule representations coding the regular pitch relation, neural processes building these templates vary with timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annekathrin Weise
- Kognitive einschließlich Biologische Psychologie, Institut für Psychologie, Universität Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Grimm
- Kognitive einschließlich Biologische Psychologie, Institut für Psychologie, Universität Leipzig Leipzig, Germany ; Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (IR3C), University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Erich Schröger
- Kognitive einschließlich Biologische Psychologie, Institut für Psychologie, Universität Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
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Bardy F, McMahon CM, Yau SH, Johnson BW. Deconvolution of magnetic acoustic change complex (mACC). Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:2220-2231. [PMID: 24704142 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to design a novel experimental approach to investigate the morphological characteristics of auditory cortical responses elicited by rapidly changing synthesized speech sounds. METHODS Six sound-evoked magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses were measured to a synthesized train of speech sounds using the vowels /e/ and /u/ in 17 normal hearing young adults. Responses were measured to: (i) the onset of the speech train, (ii) an F0 increment; (iii) an F0 decrement; (iv) an F2 decrement; (v) an F2 increment; and (vi) the offset of the speech train using short (jittered around 135ms) and long (1500ms) stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). The least squares (LS) deconvolution technique was used to disentangle the overlapping MEG responses in the short SOA condition only. RESULTS Comparison between the morphology of the recovered cortical responses in the short and long SOAs conditions showed high similarity, suggesting that the LS deconvolution technique was successful in disentangling the MEG waveforms. Waveform latencies and amplitudes were different for the two SOAs conditions and were influenced by the spectro-temporal properties of the sound sequence. The magnetic acoustic change complex (mACC) for the short SOA condition showed significantly lower amplitudes and shorter latencies compared to the long SOA condition. The F0 transition showed a larger reduction in amplitude from long to short SOA compared to the F2 transition. Lateralization of the cortical responses were observed under some stimulus conditions and appeared to be associated with the spectro-temporal properties of the acoustic stimulus. CONCLUSIONS The LS deconvolution technique provides a new tool to study the properties of the auditory cortical response to rapidly changing sound stimuli. The presence of the cortical auditory evoked responses for rapid transition of synthesized speech stimuli suggests that the temporal code is preserved at the level of the auditory cortex. Further, the reduced amplitudes and shorter latencies might reflect intrinsic properties of the cortical neurons to rapidly presented sounds. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first demonstration of the separation of overlapping cortical responses to rapidly changing speech sounds and offers a potential new biomarker of discrimination of rapid transition of sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Bardy
- HEARing Co-operative Research Centre, VIC, Australia; Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; National Acoustic Laboratories, NSW, Australia; Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australia.
| | - Catherine M McMahon
- HEARing Co-operative Research Centre, VIC, Australia; Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australia
| | - Shu Hui Yau
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australia
| | - Blake W Johnson
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australia
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Wang J, Mathalon DH, Roach BJ, Reilly J, Keedy SK, Sweeney JA, Ford JM. Action planning and predictive coding when speaking. Neuroimage 2014; 91:91-8. [PMID: 24423729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the animal kingdom, sensations resulting from an animal's own actions are processed differently from sensations resulting from external sources, with self-generated sensations being suppressed. A forward model has been proposed to explain this process across sensorimotor domains. During vocalization, reduced processing of one's own speech is believed to result from a comparison of speech sounds to corollary discharges of intended speech production generated from efference copies of commands to speak. Until now, anatomical and functional evidence validating this model in humans has been indirect. Using EEG with anatomical MRI to facilitate source localization, we demonstrate that inferior frontal gyrus activity during the 300ms before speaking was associated with suppressed processing of speech sounds in auditory cortex around 100ms after speech onset (N1). These findings indicate that an efference copy from speech areas in prefrontal cortex is transmitted to auditory cortex, where it is used to suppress processing of anticipated speech sounds. About 100ms after N1, a subsequent auditory cortical component (P2) was not suppressed during talking. The combined N1 and P2 effects suggest that although sensory processing is suppressed as reflected in N1, perceptual gaps may be filled as reflected in the lack of P2 suppression, explaining the discrepancy between sensory suppression and preserved sensory experiences. These findings, coupled with the coherence between relevant brain regions before and during speech, provide new mechanistic understanding of the complex interactions between action planning and sensory processing that provide for differentiated tagging and monitoring of one's own speech, processes disrupted in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Brian J Roach
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - James Reilly
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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Okamoto H, Kakigi R. Neural adaptation to silence in the human auditory cortex: a magnetoencephalographic study. Brain Behav 2014; 4:858-66. [PMID: 25365810 PMCID: PMC4212114 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies demonstrated that a decrement in the N1m response, a major deflection in the auditory evoked response, with sound repetition was mainly caused by bottom-up driven neural refractory periods following brain activation due to sound stimulations. However, it currently remains unknown whether this decrement occurs with a repetition of silences, which do not induce refractoriness. METHODS In the present study, we investigated decrements in N1m responses elicited by five repetitive silences in a continuous pure tone and by five repetitive pure tones in silence using magnetoencephalography. RESULTS Repetitive sound stimulation differentially affected the N1m decrement in a sound type-dependent manner; while the N1m amplitude decreased from the 1st to the 2nd pure tone and remained constant from the 2nd to the 5th pure tone in silence, a gradual decrement was observed in the N1m amplitude from the 1st to the 5th silence embedded in a continuous pure tone. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that neural refractoriness may mainly cause decrements in N1m responses elicited by trains of pure tones in silence, while habituation, which is a form of the implicit learning process, may play an important role in the N1m source strength decrements elicited by successive silences in a continuous pure tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Okamoto
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences Okazaki, Japan ; Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Hayama, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences Okazaki, Japan ; Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Hayama, Japan
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Sensitivity of offset and onset cortical auditory evoked potentials to signals in noise. Clin Neurophysiol 2013; 125:370-80. [PMID: 24007688 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of SNR and signal level on the offset response of the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP). Successful listening often depends on how well the auditory system can extract target signals from competing background noise. Both signal onsets and offsets are encoded neurally and contribute to successful listening in noise. Neural onset responses to signals in noise demonstrate a strong sensitivity to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) rather than signal level; however, the sensitivity of neural offset responses to these cues is not known. METHODS We analyzed the offset response from two previously published datasets for which only the onset response was reported. For both datasets, CAEPs were recorded from young normal-hearing adults in response to a 1000-Hz tone. For the first dataset, tones were presented at seven different signal levels without background noise, while the second dataset varied both signal level and SNR. RESULTS Offset responses demonstrated sensitivity to absolute signal level in quiet, SNR, and to absolute signal level in noise. CONCLUSIONS Offset sensitivity to signal level when presented in noise contrasts with previously published onset results. SIGNIFICANCE This sensitivity suggests a potential clinical measure of cortical encoding of signal level in noise.
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Sanmiguel I, Todd J, Schröger E. Sensory suppression effects to self-initiated sounds reflect the attenuation of the unspecific N1 component of the auditory ERP. Psychophysiology 2013; 50:334-43. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iria Sanmiguel
- Institute for Psychology; University of Leipzig; Leipzig; Germany
| | | | - Erich Schröger
- Institute for Psychology; University of Leipzig; Leipzig; Germany
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32
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Sensory thresholds obtained from MEG data: Cortical psychometric functions. Neuroimage 2012; 63:1249-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Auditory event-related potentials reflect dedicated change detection activity for higher-order acoustic transitions. Biol Psychol 2012; 91:142-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Weise A, Bendixen A, Müller D, Schröger E. Which kind of transition is important for sound representation? An event-related potential study. Brain Res 2012; 1464:30-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Inoue K, Nakanishi K, Hadoush H, Kurumadani H, Hashizume A, Sunagawa T, Ochi M. Somatosensory mechanical response and digit somatotopy within cortical areas of the postcentral gyrus in humans: an MEG study. Hum Brain Mapp 2012; 34:1559-67. [PMID: 22422717 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory evoked fields in response to compression (termed as Co) and decompression (termed as De) of glabrous skin (D1, thumb; D2, index finger; D5, little finger) were recorded. Although estimated equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) following stimulation of D1 and D5 were larger, but not significantly larger, in decompression than in compression, those of D2 were significantly larger (P = 0.035). The ECDs were located in the postcentral gyrus in the order of D5De, D2De, and D1De medially, posteriorly, and superiorly in decompression but not in compression (z-value, F = 2.692, P = 0.031). The average distance of ECDs between D1 and D5 was longer in decompression (12.8 ± 1.6 mm) than in compression (9.1 ± 1.6 mm). Our data suggest that the cortical response for the commonly used digit D2 is functionally different from those for other digits (D1 and D5) that the somatotopic variability is greater in compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Inoue
- Department of Neurology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
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36
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When and where of auditory spatial processing in cortex: a novel approach using electrotomography. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25146. [PMID: 21949873 PMCID: PMC3176323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The modulation of brain activity as a function of auditory location was investigated using electro-encephalography in combination with standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. Auditory stimuli were presented at various positions under anechoic conditions in free-field space, thus providing the complete set of natural spatial cues. Variation of electrical activity in cortical areas depending on sound location was analyzed by contrasts between sound locations at the time of the N1 and P2 responses of the auditory evoked potential. A clear-cut double dissociation with respect to the cortical locations and the points in time was found, indicating spatial processing (1) in the primary auditory cortex and posterodorsal auditory cortical pathway at the time of the N1, and (2) in the anteroventral pathway regions about 100 ms later at the time of the P2. Thus, it seems as if both auditory pathways are involved in spatial analysis but at different points in time. It is possible that the late processing in the anteroventral auditory network reflected the sharing of this region by analysis of object-feature information and spectral localization cues or even the integration of spatial and non-spatial sound features.
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Nourski KV, Brugge JF. Representation of temporal sound features in the human auditory cortex. Rev Neurosci 2011; 22:187-203. [PMID: 21476940 DOI: 10.1515/rns.2011.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Temporal information in acoustic signals is important for the perception of environmental sounds, including speech. This review focuses on several aspects of temporal processing within human auditory cortex and its relevance for the processing of speech sounds. Periodic non-speech sounds, such as trains of acoustic clicks and bursts of amplitude-modulated noise or tones, can elicit different percepts depending on the pulse repetition rate or modulation frequency. Such sounds provide convenient methodological tools to study representation of timing information in the auditory system. At low repetition rates of up to 8-10 Hz, each individual stimulus (a single click or a sinusoidal amplitude modulation cycle) within the sequence is perceived as a separate event. As repetition rates increase up to and above approximately 40 Hz, these events blend together, giving rise first to the percept of flutter and then to pitch. The extent to which neural responses of human auditory cortex encode temporal features of acoustic stimuli is discussed within the context of these perceptual classes of periodic stimuli and their relationship to speech sounds. Evidence for neural coding of temporal information at the level of the core auditory cortex in humans suggests possible physiological counterparts to perceptual categorical boundaries for periodic acoustic stimuli. Temporal coding is less evident in auditory cortical fields beyond the core. Finally, data suggest hemispheric asymmetry in temporal cortical processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Nourski
- Human Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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38
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Liu Q, Zhang Y, Campos JL, Zhang Q, Sun HJ. Neural mechanisms for the effect of prior knowledge on audiovisual integration. Biol Psychol 2011; 87:200-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arnott SR, Bardouille T, Ross B, Alain C. Neural generators underlying concurrent sound segregation. Brain Res 2011; 1387:116-24. [PMID: 21362407 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although an object-based account of auditory attention has become an increasingly popular model for understanding how temporally overlapping sounds are segregated, relatively little is known about the cortical circuit that supports such ability. In the present study, we applied a beamformer spatial filter to magnetoencephalography (MEG) data recorded during an auditory paradigm that used inharmonicity to promote the formation of multiple auditory objects. Using this unconstrained, data-driven approach, the evoked field component linked with the perception of multiple auditory objects (i.e., the object-related negativity; ORNm), was found to be associated with bilateral auditory cortex sources that were distinct from those coinciding with the P1m, N1m, and P2m responses elicited by sound onset. The right hemispheric ORNm source in particular was consistently positioned anterior to the other sources across two experiments. These findings are consistent with earlier proposals of multiple auditory object detection being associated with generators in the auditory cortex and further suggest that these neural populations are distinct from the long latency evoked responses reflecting the detection of sound onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Arnott
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6A 2E1.
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40
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Körber R, Curio G, Hartwig S, Hilschenz I, Höfner N, Scheer HJ, Trahms L, Voigt J, Burghoff M. Simultaneous measurements of somatosensory evoked AC and near-DC MEG signals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 56:91-7. [DOI: 10.1515/bmt.2011.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Akiyama LF, Yamashiro K, Inui K, Kakigi R. Automatic cortical responses to sound movement: A magnetoencephalography study. Neurosci Lett 2011; 488:183-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yamashiro K, Inui K, Otsuru N, Kakigi R. Change-related responses in the human auditory cortex: An MEG study. Psychophysiology 2010; 48:23-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Acoustic experience but not attention modifies neural population phase expressed in human primary auditory cortex. Hear Res 2010; 269:81-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Howard MF, Poeppel D. Discrimination of speech stimuli based on neuronal response phase patterns depends on acoustics but not comprehension. J Neurophysiol 2010; 104:2500-11. [PMID: 20484530 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00251.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Speech stimuli give rise to neural activity in the listener that can be observed as waveforms using magnetoencephalography. Although waveforms vary greatly from trial to trial due to activity unrelated to the stimulus, it has been demonstrated that spoken sentences can be discriminated based on theta-band (3-7 Hz) phase patterns in single-trial response waveforms. Furthermore, manipulations of the speech signal envelope and fine structure that reduced intelligibility were found to produce correlated reductions in discrimination performance, suggesting a relationship between theta-band phase patterns and speech comprehension. This study investigates the nature of this relationship, hypothesizing that theta-band phase patterns primarily reflect cortical processing of low-frequency (<40 Hz) modulations present in the acoustic signal and required for intelligibility, rather than processing exclusively related to comprehension (e.g., lexical, syntactic, semantic). Using stimuli that are quite similar to normal spoken sentences in terms of low-frequency modulation characteristics but are unintelligible (i.e., their time-inverted counterparts), we find that discrimination performance based on theta-band phase patterns is equal for both types of stimuli. Consistent with earlier findings, we also observe that whereas theta-band phase patterns differ across stimuli, power patterns do not. We use a simulation model of the single-trial response to spoken sentence stimuli to demonstrate that phase-locked responses to low-frequency modulations of the acoustic signal can account not only for the phase but also for the power results. The simulation offers insight into the interpretation of the empirical results with respect to phase-resetting and power-enhancement models of the evoked response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Howard
- Department of Linguistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Gutschalk A, Hämäläinen MS, Melcher JR. BOLD responses in human auditory cortex are more closely related to transient MEG responses than to sustained ones. J Neurophysiol 2010; 103:2015-26. [PMID: 20107131 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01005.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood oxygen level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals are both coupled to postsynaptic potentials, although their relationship is incompletely understood. Here, the wide range of BOLD-fMRI and MEG responses produced by auditory cortex was exploited to better understand the BOLD-fMRI/MEG relationship. Measurements of BOLD and MEG responses were made in the same subjects using the same stimuli for both modalities. The stimuli, 24-s sequences of click trains, had duty cycles of 2.5, 25, 72, and 100%. For the 2.5% sequence, the BOLD response was elevated throughout the sequence, whereas for 100%, it peaked after sequence onset and offset and showed a diminished elevation in between. On the finer timescale of MEG, responses at 2.5% consisted of a complex of transients, including N(1)m, to each click train of the sequence, whereas for 100% the only transients occurred at sequence onset and offset between which there was a sustained elevation in the MEG signal (a sustained field). A model that separately estimated the contributions of transient and sustained MEG signals to the BOLD response best fit BOLD measurements when the transient contribution was weighted 8- to 10-fold more than the sustained one. The findings suggest that BOLD responses in the auditory cortex are tightly coupled to the neural activity underlying transient, not sustained, MEG signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gutschalk
- Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kretzschmar B, Gutschalk A. A sustained deviance response evoked by the auditory oddball paradigm. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 121:524-32. [PMID: 20096627 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 11/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested that the MMN(m) is related to selective adaptation of the N(1m). Since selective adaptation has also been reported for the sustained field, we hypothesized a second deviance response in addition to the MMN(m). The present study evaluated the existence of this wave. METHODS Magnetoencephalography was used to record deviance responses for pure tones of 1000 and 1050Hz. Tone duration was 50, 150, or 600ms in separate sets. Our hypothesis was that a sustained deviance response would increase with tone duration. RESULTS The data revealed a sustained deviance response with a similar source configuration as the main MMN(m), but a distinct time course. The sustained deviance response increased with the tone duration, but less than the standard sustained field. Moreover, the sustained deviance response was already present for short (50ms) tones. CONCLUSIONS The MMN(m) is followed by a sustained deviance response in the oddball paradigm. While some characteristics of the response coincide with the sustained field, its growth with tone duration differs. The response could possibly be related to automatic orienting of attention, but further studies are required to explore its functional role. SIGNIFICANCE The sustained deviance response is a separate component--distinct from the MMN(m) and P3--that needs to be considered in the evaluation of data obtained with the auditory oddball paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Kretzschmar
- Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Riecke L, Esposito F, Bonte M, Formisano E. Hearing illusory sounds in noise: the timing of sensory-perceptual transformations in auditory cortex. Neuron 2009; 64:550-61. [PMID: 19945396 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Constructive mechanisms in the auditory system may restore a fragmented sound when a gap in this sound is rendered inaudible by noise to yield a continuity illusion. Using combined psychoacoustic and electroencephalography experiments in humans, we found that the sensory-perceptual mechanisms that enable restoration suppress auditory cortical encoding of gaps in interrupted sounds. When physically interrupted tones are perceptually restored, stimulus-evoked synchronization of cortical oscillations at approximately 4 Hz is suppressed as if physically uninterrupted sounds were encoded. The restoration-specific suppression is induced most strongly in primary-like regions in the right auditory cortex during illusorily filled gaps and also shortly before and after these gaps. Our results reveal that spontaneous modulations in slow evoked auditory cortical oscillations that are involved in encoding acoustic boundaries may determine the perceived continuity of sounds in noise. Such fluctuations could facilitate stable hearing of fragmented sounds in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Riecke
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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48
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Contribution of Spectrotemporal Features on Auditory Event-Related Potentials Elicited by Consonant-Vowel Syllables. Ear Hear 2009; 30:704-12. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0b013e3181b1d42d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Hawco CS, Jones JA, Ferretti TR, Keough D. ERP correlates of online monitoring of auditory feedback during vocalization. Psychophysiology 2009; 46:1216-25. [PMID: 19674393 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
When speakers hear the fundamental frequency (F0) of their voice altered, they shift their F0 in the direction opposite the perturbation. The current study used ERPs to examine sensory processing of short feedback perturbations during an ongoing utterance. In one session, participants produced a vowel at an F0 of their own choosing. In another session, participants matched the F0 of a cue voice. An F0 perturbation of 0, 25, 50, 100, or 200 cents was introduced for 100 ms. A mismatch negativity (MMN) was observed. Differences between sessions were only found for 200-cent perturbations. Reduced compensation when speakers experienced the 200-cent perturbations suggests that this larger perturbation was perceived as externally generated. The presence of an MMN, and no earlier (N100) response suggests that the underlying sensory process used to identify and compensate for errors in mid-utterance may differ from feedback monitoring at utterance onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin S Hawco
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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50
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Karamürsel S, Bullock TH. Human Auditory Fast and Slow Omitted Stimulus Potentials and Steady-State Responses. Int J Neurosci 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/00207450008999674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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