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Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhang R. Regulatory role of PI3K/Akt/WNK1 signal pathway in mouse model of bone cancer pain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14321. [PMID: 37652923 PMCID: PMC10471765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the advanced stage of cancer, the pain caused by bone metastasis is unbearable, but the mechanism of bone cancer pain (BCP) is very complicated and remains unclear. In this study, we used 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells to establish a bone cancer pain model to study the mechanism of BCP. Then the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and the hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to reflect the erosion of cancer cells on tibia tissue. We also determined the role of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-17, etc.) in BCP by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in mouse serum. When GSK690693, a new Akt inhibitor, was given and the absence of intermediate signal dominated by Akt is found, pain may be relieved by blocking the transmission of pain signal and raising the PWMT. In addition, we also found that GSK690693 inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt protein, resulting in a significant decrease in with-nolysinekinases 1 (WNK1) expression in the spinal cord tissue. In the BCP model, we confirmed that GSK690693 has a relieving effect on BCP, which may play an analgesic effect through PI3K-WNK1 signal pathway. At the same time, there is a close relationship between inflammatory factors and PI3K-WNK1 signal pathway. The PI3K/Akt pathway in the dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord activates the downstream WNK1 protein, which promotes the release of inflammatory cytokines, which leads to the formation of BCP in mice. Inhibition of Akt can reduce the levels of IL-17 and TNF-α, cut off the downstream WNK1 protein signal receiving pathway, increase the PWMT and relieve BCP in mice. To clarify the analgesic target of BCP, to provide reference and theoretical support for the clinical effective treatment of BCP and the development of new high-efficiency analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital Inner Mongolia Hospital/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital Inner Mongolia Hospital/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China
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Jian D, Qin L, Gan H, Zheng S, Xiao H, Duan Y, Zhang M, Liang P, Zhao J, Zhai X. NPAS4 Exacerbates Pyroptosis via Transcriptionally Regulating NLRP6 in the Acute Phase of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098320. [PMID: 37176030 PMCID: PMC10179070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe cerebrovascular disease with a high disability rate and high mortality, and pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death in the acute phase of ICH. Neuronal Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 4 (Npas4) is a specific transcription factor highly expressed in the nervous system, yet the role of NPAS4 in ICH-induced pyroptosis is not fully understood. NLR family Pyrin-domain-containing 6 (NLRP6), a new member of the Nod-like receptor family, aggravates pyroptosis via activating cysteine protease-1 (Caspase-1) and Caspase-11. In this study, we found that NPAS4 was upregulated in human and mouse peri-hematoma brain tissues and peaked at approximately 24 h after ICH modeling. Additionally, NPAS4 knockdown improved neurologic dysfunction and brain damage induced by ICH in mice after 24 h. Meanwhile, inhibiting NPAS4 expression reduced the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cells and Caspase-1/TUNEL-double-positive cells and decreased cleaved Caspase-1, cleaved Caspase-11, and N-terminal GSDMD levels. Consistently, NPAS4 overexpression reversed the above alternations after ICH in the mice. Moreover, NPAS4 could interact with the Nlrp6 promoter region (-400--391 bp and -33--24 bp) and activate the transcription of Nlrp6. Altogether, our study demonstrated that NPAS4, as a transcription factor, can exacerbate pyroptosis and transcriptionally activate NLRP6 in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Shuyue Zheng
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yuhao Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuan Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Molecular, Pathological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Perihematomal Edema in Different Stages of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3948921. [PMID: 36164392 PMCID: PMC9509250 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3948921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating type of stroke worldwide. Neuronal destruction involved in the brain damage process caused by ICH includes a primary injury formed by the mass effect of the hematoma and a secondary injury induced by the degradation products of a blood clot. Additionally, factors in the coagulation cascade and complement activation process also contribute to secondary brain injury by promoting the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neuronal cell degeneration by enhancing the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, etc. Although treatment options for direct damage are limited, various strategies have been proposed to treat secondary injury post-ICH. Perihematomal edema (PHE) is a potential surrogate marker for secondary injury and may contribute to poor outcomes after ICH. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the underlying pathological mechanism, evolution, and potential therapeutic strategies to treat PHE. Here, we review the pathophysiology and imaging characteristics of PHE at different stages after acute ICH. As illustrated in preclinical and clinical studies, we discussed the merits and limitations of varying PHE quantification protocols, including absolute PHE volume, relative PHE volume, and extension distance calculated with images and other techniques. Importantly, this review summarizes the factors that affect PHE by focusing on traditional variables, the cerebral venous drainage system, and the brain lymphatic drainage system. Finally, to facilitate translational research, we analyze why the relationship between PHE and the functional outcome of ICH is currently controversial. We also emphasize promising therapeutic approaches that modulate multiple targets to alleviate PHE and promote neurologic recovery after acute ICH.
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Song J, Nilsson G, Xu Y, Zelco A, Rocha-Ferreira E, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Ek J, Hagberg H, Zhu C, Wang X. Temporal brain transcriptome analysis reveals key pathological events after germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonatal rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1632-1649. [PMID: 35491813 PMCID: PMC9441725 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221098811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a common complication in preterm infants and is associated with high risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We used a rat GMH model and performed RNA sequencing to investigate the signaling pathways and biological processes following hemorrhage. GMH induced brain injury characterized by early hematoma and subsequent tissue loss. At 6 hours after GMH, gene expression indicated an increase in mitochondrial activity such as ATP metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation along with upregulation of cytoprotective pathways and heme metabolism. At 24 hours after GMH, the expression pattern suggested an increase in cell cycle progression and downregulation of neurodevelopmental-related pathways. At 72 hours after GMH, there was an increase in genes related to inflammation and an upregulation of ferroptosis. Hemoglobin components and genes related to heme metabolism and ferroptosis such as Hmox1, Alox15, and Alas2 were among the most upregulated genes. We observed dysregulation of processes involved in development, mitochondrial function, cholesterol biosynthesis, and inflammation, all of which contribute to neurodevelopmental deterioration following GMH. This study is the first temporal transcriptome profile providing a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying brain injury following GMH, and it provides useful guidance in the search for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Song
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gisela Nilsson
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yiran Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aura Zelco
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Ek
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hagberg
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chiang PH, Fan CH, Jin Q, Yeh CK. Enhancing Doxorubicin Delivery in Solid Tumor by Superhydrophobic Amorphous Calcium Carbonate-Doxorubicin Silica Nanoparticles with Focused Ultrasound. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3894-3905. [PMID: 36018041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current approach of delivering chemotherapy via pH-sensitive amorphous calcium carbonate-doxorubicin silica nanoparticles (ADS NPs) faces the challenge of insufficient drug dose due to drug instability within the bloodstream and poor tumor penetration. To overcome these long-standing obstacles, we proposed a superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the ADS NPs that could be easily modified via fluorination (ADSF NPs). The surface of fluorinated ADS NPs was further modified with a phospholipid layer to reduce aggregation and improve biocompatibility (ADSFL NPs). The contact angle and mean size of ADSFL NPs were 30.2 ± 4.4° and 353.1 ± 54.2 nm, respectively. The superhydrophobic layer generated interfacial nanobubbles on the outer shell of the NPs that reduced water-induced leakage of doxorubicin (DOX) sevenfold compared with the uncoated group and induced a cavitation effect upon ultrasound (US) sonication. Moreover, release of DOX from the ADSFL NPs could be triggered by US, and this release was further improved 1.6-fold in acidic aqueous conditions, indicating that the ADSFL NPs retained pH responsiveness. Enhanced sonography contrast and histological examination demonstrated that US could trigger cavitation activities from ADSFL NPs in vivo to induce vessel disruption and enhance the fluorescence intensity of DOX within the tumor region threefold under US imaging guidance compared with the ADSFL NPs-only group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hua Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Liang T, Chen XF, Yang Y, Yang F, Yu Y, Yang F, Wang XL, Wang JL, Sun W, Chen J. Secondary damage and neuroinflammation in the spinal dorsal horn mediate post-thalamic hemorrhagic stroke pain hypersensitivity: SDF1-CXCR4 signaling mediation. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:911476. [PMID: 36034499 PMCID: PMC9416701 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.911476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is an intractable neuropathic pain, which can be caused by primary lesion of central somatosensory system. It is also a common sequelae of the thalamic hemorrhagic stroke (THS). So far, the underlying mechanisms of CPSP remain largely unknown. Our previous studies have demonstrated that SDF1-CXCR4 signaling in the hemorrhagic region contributes to the maintenance of the THS pain hypersensitivity via mediation of the thalamic neuroinflammation. But whether the spinal dorsal horn, an initial point of spinothalamic tract (STT), suffers from retrograde axonal degeneration from the THS region is still unknown. In this study, neuronal degeneration and loss in the spinal dorsal horn were detected 7 days after the THS caused by intra-thalamic collagenase (ITC) injection by immunohistochemistry, TUNEL staining, electron microscopy, and extracellular multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings, suggesting the occurrence of secondary apoptosis and death of the STT projecting neuronal cell bodies following primary THS via retrograde axonal degeneration. This retrograde degeneration was accompanied by secondary neuroinflammation characterized by an activation of microglial and astrocytic cells and upregulation of SDF1-CXCR4 signaling in the spinal dorsal horn. As a consequence, central sensitization was detected by extracellular MEA recordings of the spinal dorsal horn neurons, characterized by hyperexcitability of both wide dynamic range and nociceptive specific neurons to suprathreshold mechanical stimuli. Finally, it was shown that suppression of spinal neuroinflammation by intrathecal administration of inhibitors of microglia (minocycline) and astrocytes (fluorocitrate) and antagonist of CXCR4 (AMD3100) could block the increase in expression levels of Iba-1, GFAP, SDF1, and CXCR4 proteins in the dorsal spinal cord and ameliorate the THS-induced bilateral mechanical pain hypersensitivity, implicating that, besides the primary damage at the thalamus, spinal secondary damage and neuroinflammation also play the important roles in maintaining the central post-THS pain hypersensitivity. In conclusion, secondary neuronal death and neuroinflammation in the spinal dorsal horn can be induced by primary thalamic neural damage via retrograde axonal degeneration process. SDF1-CXCR4 signaling is involved in the mediation of secondary spinal neuroinflammation and THS pain hypersensitivity. This finding would provide a new therapeutic target for treatment of CPSP at the spinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xue-Feng Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Medical College (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiang-Lin Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
- Wei Sun,
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior, People’s Liberation Army, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Chen, ,
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Neuron-Like Cell Transplantation Combined with Electroacupuncture Improves Synaptic Plasticity in Rats with Intracerebral Hemorrhage via mTOR/p70S6K Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:6450527. [PMID: 35211177 PMCID: PMC8863490 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6450527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the combination of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation and electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation is a neuroprotective strategy for treating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the underlying mechanisms by which the combined treatment promotes neuroprotection remain unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the combined treatment on synaptic plasticity and elucidate their underlying mechanisms. Therefore, rat ICH models were established by injecting collagenase and heparin, and the animals were randomly divided into model control (MC), EA stimulation (EA), MSC-derived neuron-like cell transplantation (MSC-dNLCs), and MSC-dNLC transplantation combined with EA stimulation (MSC-dNLCs+EA) groups. We observed the ultrastructure of the brain and measured the brain water content (BWC) and the levels of the microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), galactocerebrosidase (GALC), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) proteins. We also measured the levels of the phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) proteins, as well as the expression of synapse-related proteins. The BWC increased in rats after ICH and decreased significantly in ICH rats treated with MSC-dNLC transplantation, EA stimulation, or combined therapy. Meanwhile, after ICH, the number of blood vessels increased more evidently, but only the combined treatment reduced the number of blood vessels among rats receiving the three treatments. Moreover, the levels of MAP2, GALC, postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95), and synaptophysin (SYP) proteins, as well as the levels of the phosphorylated mTOR and p70S6k proteins, increased in the MSC-dNLCs+EA group compared with those in the MSC-dNLCs and EA groups. Compared with the MC group, GFAP expression was significantly reduced in the MSC-dNLCs, EA, and MSC-dNLCs+EA groups, but the differences among the three treatment groups were not significant. In addition, the number of synapses increased only in the MSC-dNLCs+EA group compared to the MC group. Based on these data, the combination of MSC-dNLC transplantation and EA stimulation exerts a synergistic effect on improving the consequences of ICH by relieving cerebral edema and glial scarring, promoting the survival of neurons and oligodendrocytes, and activating mTOR/p70S6K signaling to enhance synaptic plasticity.
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Kuramoto Y, Fujita M, Takagi T, Takeda Y, Doe N, Yamahara K, Yoshimura S. Early-phase administration of human amnion-derived stem cells ameliorates neurobehavioral deficits of intracerebral hemorrhage by suppressing local inflammation and apoptosis. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:48. [PMID: 35151317 PMCID: PMC8840774 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a significant cause of death and disabilities. Recently, cell therapies using mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to improve ICH-induced neurobehavioral deficits. Based on these findings, we designed this study to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms by which human amnion-derived stem cells (hAMSCs) would ameliorate neurobehavioral deficits of ICH-bearing hosts. Methods hAMSCs were induced from amnia obtained by cesarean section and administered intravenously to ICH-bearing mice during the acute phase. The mice were then subject to multitask neurobehavioral tests at the subacute phase. We attempted to optimize the dosage and timing of the hAMSC administrations. In parallel with the hAMSCs, a tenfold higher dose of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used as an experimental control. Specimens were obtained from the ICH lesions to conduct immunostaining, flow cytometry, and Western blotting to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the hAMSC treatment. Results The intravenous administration of hAMSCs to the ICH-bearing mice effectively improved their neurobehavioral deficits, particularly when the treatment was initiated at Day 1 after the ICH induction. Of note, the hAMSCs promoted clinical efficacy equivalent to or better than that of hADSCs at 1/10 the cell number. The systemically administered hAMSCs were found in the ICH lesions along with the local accumulation of macrophages/microglia. In detail, the hAMSC treatment decreased the number of CD11b+CD45+ and Ly6G+ cells in the ICH lesions, while splenocytes were not affected. Moreover, the hAMSC treatment decreased the number of apoptotic cells in the ICH lesions. These results were associated with suppression of the protein expression levels of macrophage-related factors iNOS and TNFα. Conclusions Intravenous hAMSC administration during the acute phase would improve ICH-induced neurobehavioral disorders. The underlying mechanism was suggested to be the suppression of subacute inflammation and apoptosis by suppressing macrophage/microglia cell numbers and macrophage functions (such as TNFα and iNOS). From a clinical point of view, hAMSC-based treatment may be a novel strategy for the treatment of ICH. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02411-3.
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Zhang Y, Khan S, Liu Y, Zhang R, Li H, Wu G, Tang Z, Xue M, Yong VW. Modes of Brain Cell Death Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:799753. [PMID: 35185473 PMCID: PMC8851202 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.799753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke with high rates of mortality and morbidity. It induces cell death that is responsible for neurological deficits postinjury. There are no therapies that effectively mitigate cell death to treat ICH. This review aims to summarize our knowledge of ICH-induced cell death with a focus on apoptosis and necrosis. We also discuss the involvement of ICH in recently described modes of cell death including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and parthanatos. We summarize treatment strategies to mitigate brain injury based on particular cell death pathways after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruiyi Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guofeng Wu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhouping Tang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengzhou Xue,
| | - V. Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- V. Wee Yong,
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Aronowski J, Sansing LH, Xi G, Zhang JH. Mechanisms of Damage After Cerebral Hemorrhage. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Cepparulo P, Cuomo O, Vinciguerra A, Torelli M, Annunziato L, Pignataro G. Hemorrhagic Stroke Induces a Time-Dependent Upregulation of miR-150-5p and miR-181b-5p in the Bloodstream. Front Neurol 2021; 12:736474. [PMID: 34777204 PMCID: PMC8580415 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.736474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the only effective pharmacological treatment for ischemic stroke is limited to the clinical use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), although endovascular therapy has also emerged as an effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, the benefit of this treatment is limited to a 4.5-h time window. Most importantly, the use of rtPA is contraindicated in the case of hemorrhagic stroke. Therefore, the identification of a reliable biomarker to distinguish hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke could provide several advantages, including an earlier diagnosis, a better treatment, and a faster decision on ruling out hemorrhage so that tPA may be administered earlier. microRNAs (miRNAs) are stable non-coding RNAs crucially involved in the downregulation of gene expression via mRNA cleavage or translational repression. In the present paper, taking advantage of three preclinical animal models of stroke, we compared the miRNA blood levels of animals subjected to permanent or transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or to collagenase-induced hemorrhagic stroke. Preliminarily, we examined the rat miRNome in the brain tissue of ischemic and sham-operated rats; then, we selected those miRNAs whose expression was significantly modulated after stroke to create a list of miRNAs potentially involved in stroke damage. These selected miRNAs were then evaluated at different time intervals in the blood of rats subjected to permanent or transient focal ischemia or to hemorrhagic stroke. We found that four miRNAs-miR-16-5p, miR-101a-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-27b-3p-were significantly upregulated in the plasma of rats 3 h after permanent MCAO, whereas four other different miRNAs-miR-150-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7c-5p, and miR-181b-5p-were selectively upregulated by collagenase-induced hemorrhagic stroke. Collectively, our study identified some selective miRNAs expressed in the plasma of hemorrhagic rats and pointed out the importance of a precise time point measurement to render more reliable the use of miRNAs as stroke biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Cepparulo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Cuomo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Vinciguerra
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Torelli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Annunziato
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico SDN Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pignataro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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12
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Zi L, Zhou W, Xu J, Li J, Li N, Xu J, You C, Wang C, Tian M. Rosuvastatin Nanomicelles Target Neuroinflammation and Improve Neurological Deficit in a Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2933-2947. [PMID: 33907400 PMCID: PMC8068519 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s294916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a devastating subtype of stroke, has a poor prognosis. However, there is no effective therapy currently available due to its complex pathological progression, in which neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in secondary brain injury. In this work, the use of statin-loaded nanomicelles to target the neuroinflammation and improve the efficacy was studied in a mouse model of ICH. Methods Rosuvastatin-loaded nanomicelles were prepared by a co-solvent evaporation method using polyethylene glycol-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) copolymer as a carrier. The prepared nanomicelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), and then in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. Results TEM shows that the nanomicelles are spherical with a diameter of about 19.41 nm, and DLS shows that the size, zeta potential, and polymer dispersity index of the nanomicelles were 23.37 nm, −19.2 mV, and 0.221, respectively. The drug loading content is 8.28%. The in vivo study showed that the nanomicelles significantly reduced neuron degeneration, inhibited the inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced the brain edema, and improved neurological deficit. Furthermore, it was observed that the nanomicelles promoted the polarization of microglia/macrophages to M2 phenotype, and also the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, was significantly down-regulated, while the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly up-regulated. The related mechanism was proposed and discussed. Conclusion The nanomicelles treatment suppressed the neuroinflammation that might contribute to the promoted nerve functional recovery of the ICH mouse, making it potential to be applied in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zi
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Zhou
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junshu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao You
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Sun Q, Xu X, Wang T, Xu Z, Lu X, Li X, Chen G. Neurovascular Units and Neural-Glia Networks in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: from Mechanisms to Translation. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:447-460. [PMID: 33629275 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the most lethal type of stroke, often leads to poor outcomes in the clinic. Due to the complex mechanisms and cell-cell crosstalk during ICH, the neurovascular unit (NVU) was proposed to serve as a promising therapeutic target for ICH research. This review aims to summarize the development of pathophysiological shifts in the NVU and neural-glia networks after ICH. In addition, potential targets for ICH therapy are discussed in this review. Beyond cerebral blood flow, the NVU also plays an important role in protecting neurons, maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, coordinating neuronal activity among supporting cells, forming and maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and regulating neuroimmune responses. During ICH, NVU dysfunction is induced, along with neuronal cell death, microglia and astrocyte activation, endothelial cell (EC) and tight junction (TJ) protein damage, and BBB disruption. In addition, it has been shown that certain targets and candidates can improve ICH-induced secondary brain injury based on an NVU and neural-glia framework. Moreover, therapeutic approaches and strategies for ICH are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zhongmou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
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14
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Zhang W, Zhao W, Ge C, Li X, Sun Z. Scopoletin Attenuates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury and Improves Neurological Performance in Rats. Neuroimmunomodulation 2021; 28:74-81. [PMID: 33744895 DOI: 10.1159/000505731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the hypertension-related complications, the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a destructive stage and is the most disabling type of stroke that has the highest death rate. At present, there is no promising treatment for ICH. OBJECTIVES The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the safeguarding effect of scopoletin against ICH-induced brain injury. METHODS We used Wistar male rats and divided them into 4 groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was induced with ICH, group 3 served as scopoletin-pretreated ICH rats, and group 4 as scopoletin drug control. During the experimental period, neurobehavioral outcome, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation parameters were evaluated using RT-PCR and other biochemical analyses. RESULTS The rats that received scopoletin treatment demonstrated a significant attenuation in neurological deficits, neurodegeneration markers expression (TREM-1, SERPINE-1), and restored cerebral edema compared to ICH animals. On the other hand, an upsurge in inflammatory cytokines, for example, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β, and IL-17, was observed in ICH rats and was reduced to the level near normalcy in the scopoletin-treated groups. CONCLUSION Our investigations propose that the effectiveness of scopoletin in improving acute neurological function after ICH is promising, and this could be a lead molecule for the development of treatment plans in ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui City, China
| | - Wangmiao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui City, China
| | - Chunyan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui City, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui City, China
| | - Zhaosheng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui City, China,
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15
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Bao W, Zhou X, Zhou L, Wang F, Yin X, Lu Y, Zhu L, Liu D. Targeting miR-124/Ferroportin signaling ameliorated neuronal cell death through inhibiting apoptosis and ferroptosis in aged intracerebral hemorrhage murine model. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13235. [PMID: 33068460 PMCID: PMC7681046 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and brain iron accumulation increases with age. Excess iron accumulation in brain tissues post‐ICH induces oxidative stress and neuronal damage. However, the mechanisms underlying iron deregulation in ICH, especially in the aged ICH model have not been well elucidated. Ferroportin1 (Fpn) is the only identified nonheme iron exporter in mammals to date. In our study, we reported that Fpn was significantly upregulated in perihematomal brain tissues of both aged ICH patients and mouse model. Fpn deficiency induced by injecting an adeno‐associated virus (AAV) overexpressing cre recombinase into aged Fpn‐floxed mice significantly worsened the symptoms post‐ICH, including hematoma volume, cell apoptosis, iron accumulation, and neurologic dysfunction. Meanwhile, aged mice pretreated with a virus overexpressing Fpn showed significant improvement of these symptoms. Additionally, based on prediction of website tools, expression level of potential miRNAs in ICH tissues and results of luciferase reporter assays, miR‐124 was identified to regulate Fpn expression post‐ICH. Higher serum miR‐124 levels were correlated with poor neurologic scores of aged ICH patients. Administration of miR‐124 antagomir enhanced Fpn expression and attenuated iron accumulation in aged mice model. Both apoptosis and ferroptosis, but not necroptosis, were regulated by miR‐124/Fpn signaling manipulation. Our study demonstrated the critical role of miR‐124/Fpn signaling in iron metabolism and neuronal death post‐ICH in aged murine model. Thus, Fpn upregulation or miR‐124 inhibition might be promising therapeutic approachs for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Dai Bao
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Xiao‐Ting Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Lan‐Ting Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University Jiujiang China
- Center for Clinical Precision Medicine Jiujiang University Jiujiang China
| | - Youming Lu
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ling‐Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Dan Liu
- The Institute of Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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16
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Characterization of a novel model of global forebrain ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice and comparison with focal ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18170. [PMID: 33097782 PMCID: PMC7585423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is caused by obstructed blood flow (ischaemia) or unrestricted bleeding in the brain (haemorrhage). Global brain ischaemia occurs after restricted cerebral blood flow e.g. during cardiac arrest. Following ischaemic injury, restoration of blood flow causes ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury which worsens outcome. Secondary injury mechanisms after any stroke are similar, and encompass inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and apoptosis. We developed a new model of transient global forebrain I/R injury (dual carotid artery ligation; DCAL) and compared the manifestations of this injury with those in a conventional I/R injury model (middle-cerebral artery occlusion; MCAo) and with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH; collagenase model). MRI revealed that DCAL produced smaller bilateral lesions predominantly localised to the striatum, whereas MCAo produced larger focal corticostriatal lesions. After global forebrain ischaemia mice had worse overall neurological scores, although quantitative locomotor assessment showed MCAo and ICH had significantly worsened mobility. BBB breakdown was highest in the DCAL model while apoptotic activity was highest after ICH. VCAM-1 upregulation was specific to ischaemic models only. Differential transcriptional upregulation of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines and TLRs was seen in the three models. Our findings offer a unique insight into the similarities and differences in how biological processes are regulated after different types of stroke. They also establish a platform for analysis of therapies such as endothelial protective and anti-inflammatory agents that can be applied to all types of stroke.
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17
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Mohammed Thangameeran SI, Tsai ST, Hung HY, Hu WF, Pang CY, Chen SY, Liew HK. A Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030750. [PMID: 32204394 PMCID: PMC7140640 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that performs multiple functions, such as lipid biosynthesis, protein folding, and maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. Thus, conditions wherein the ER is unable to fold proteins is defined as ER stress, and an inbuilt quality control mechanism, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), is activated during ER stress, which serves as a recovery system that inhibits protein synthesis. Further, based on the severity of ER stress, the response could involve both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic phases. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of cerebral stroke and many lines of evidence have suggested a role for the ER in major neurological disorders. The injury mechanism during ICH includes hematoma formation, which in turn leads to inflammation, elevated intracranial pressure, and edema. A proper understanding of the injury mechanism(s) is required to effectively treat ICH and closing the gap between our current understanding of ER stress mechanisms and ICH injury can lead to valuable advances in the clinical management of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheng-Tzung Tsai
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yi Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Hu
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Yoong Pang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hock-Kean Liew
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 15911); Fax: +886-3-8560-2019
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18
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Wang L, Zheng S, Zhang L, Xiao H, Gan H, Chen H, Zhai X, Liang P, Zhao J, Li Y. Histone Deacetylation 10 Alleviates Inflammation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage via the PTPN22/NLRP3 Pathway in Rats. Neuroscience 2020; 432:247-259. [PMID: 32112918 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family Pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has a crucial role in the inflammatory process that occurs during intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced injury. Histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) is a newly identified class II histone deacetylase involved in immune responses. However, how HDAC10 affects the inflammatory response after ICH remains unknown. In this study, we investigated whether HDAC10 relieves ICH injury by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) pathway. We induced ICH in Sprague-Dawley rats (healthy, male adult) with a single infusion of autologous blood. To knockdown HDAC10, we injected siRNA into the rats. To further explore the mechanisms underlying the role of HDAC10 in ICH injury, PTPN22 was silenced. HDAC10 levels were upregulated after ICH in humans and rats, and reached peak levels 24 h after ICH induction in rats. HDAC10 silencing aggravated ICH injury, as demonstrated by increased modified neurological severity scores, brain water content, Evans blue extravasation, and number of myeloperoxidase (MPO) cells, and the results of Nissl and H&E staining. Furthermore, HDAC10 knockdown increased the expression of PTPN22 and accentuated inflammatory responses mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. HDAC10 silencing increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and this was effectively reversed by PTPN22 knockdown using siRNA. Furthermore, HDAC10 silencing also promoted the interaction of PTPN22 and NLRP3. Our study demonstrated that HDAC10 silencing aggravated NLRP3-mediated inflammatory responses after ICH in rats via the PTPN22 pathway. These results suggest that regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome may be a novel method to ameliorate ICH injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Shuyue Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China.
| | - Yingliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China.
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19
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Tang X, Yan K, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Xu J, Lu Y, Wang X, Liang J, Zhang X. Activation of PPAR-β/δ Attenuates Brain Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:837-850. [PMID: 31939088 PMCID: PMC7078151 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brain injury has been proposed as the major cause of the poor outcomes associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Emerging evidence indicates that the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPAR-β/δ), plays a crucial role in the pathological process of central nervous impairment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of PPAR-β/δ activation using a selective PPAR-β/δ agonist, GW0742, against brain injury after ICH in a mouse model. ICH was induced by intravenous injection of collagenase into the right caudate putamen. To examine the protective effect of PPAR-β/δ activation against ICH-induced brain injury, mice were either intraperitoneally injected with GW0742 (3 mg/kg, body weight) or saline (control group) 30 min before inducing ICH. Behavioral dysfunction was evaluated 24 and 72 h after injury. Then, all mice were killed to assess hematoma volume, brain water content, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to quantify the brain injury. The expression of PPAR-β/δ, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Bcl-2-related X-protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the perihematomal area was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Mice treated with GW0742 showed significantly less severe behavioral deficits compared to the control group, accompanied by increased expression of PPAR-β/δ and Bcl-2, and increased expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and Bax decreased simultaneously in the GW0742-treated group. Furthermore, the GW0742-pretreated group showed significantly less brain edema and BBB leakage. Neuronal loss was attenuated, and the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in perihematomal tissues reduced, in the GW0742-pretreated group compared to the control group. However, the hematoma volume did not decrease significantly on day 3 after ICH. These results suggest that the activation of PPAR-β/δ exerts a neuroprotective effect on ICH-induced brain injury, possibly through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Kunning Yan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yingge Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Mental Health Centre, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- General Hospital of Xuzhou Mining Group, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Yaoyao Lu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Xinjiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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20
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Zhao D, Qin XP, Chen SF, Liao XY, Cheng J, Liu R, Lei Y, Zhang ZF, Wan Q. PTEN Inhibition Protects Against Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury Through PTEN/E2F1/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:281. [PMID: 31866820 PMCID: PMC6906195 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke with highest mortality and morbidity. We have previously demonstrated that dipotassium bisperoxo (picolinato) oxovanadate (V), (bpV[pic]) inhibits phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. In this study, we examined the effect of bpV[pic] in the rat ICH model in vivo and the hemin-induced injury model in rat cortical cultures. The rat model of ICH was created by injecting autologous blood into the striatum, and bpV[pic] was intraperitoneally injected. The effects of bpV[pic] were evaluated by neurological tests, Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining, and Nissl staining. We demonstrate that bpV[pic] attenuates ICH-induced brain injury in vivo and hemin-induced neuron injury in vitro. The expression of E2F1 was increased, but β-catenin expression was decreased after ICH, and the altered expressions of E2F1 and β-catenin after ICH were blocked by bpV[pic] treatment. Our results further show that bpV[pic] increases β-catenin expression through downregulating E2F1 in cortical neurons and prevents hemin-induced neuronal damage through E2F1 downregulation and subsequent upregulation of β-catenin. By testing the effect of PTEN-siRNA, PTEN cDNA, or combined use of ERK1/2 inhibitor and bpV[pic] in cultured cortical neurons after hemin-induced injury, we provide evidence suggesting that PTEN inhibition by bpV[pic] confers neuroprotection through E2F1 and β-catenin pathway, but the neuroprotective role of ERK1/2 activation by bpV[pic] cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xing-Ping Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song-Feng Chen
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liao
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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21
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Jonesco DS, Hassager C, Frydland M, Kjærgaard J, Karsdal M, Henriksen K. A caspase-6-cleaved fragment of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a potential serological biomarker of CNS injury after cardiac arrest. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224633. [PMID: 31693684 PMCID: PMC6834260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood levels of Glial Fibrillary Acidic protein (GFAP) reflect processes associated with different types of CNS injury. Evidence suggests that GFAP is cleaved by caspases during CNS injury, hence positioning GFAP fragments as potential biomarkers of injury-associated processes. We set out to develop an assay detecting the neo-epitope generated by caspase-6 cleavage of GFAP (GFAP-C6), and to assess the ability of GFAP-C6 to reflect pathological processes in patients suffering a cardiac arrest and subsequent global cerebral ischemia. Anti-GFAP-C6 antibodies recognized their specific target sequence, and dilution and spike recoveries in serum were within limits of ±20% reflecting high precision and accuracy of measurements. Intra- and inter-assay CVs were below limits of 10% and 15%, respectively. Serological levels of GFAP-C6 were significantly elevated 72 hours after CA (Mean±SD) (20.39±10.59 ng/mL) compared to time of admission (17.79±10.77 ng/mL, p<0.0001), 24 hours (17.40±7.99 ng/mL, p<0.0001) and 48 hours (17.87±8.56 ng/mL, p<0.0001) after CA, but were not related to neurological outcome at day 180. GFAP-C6 levels at admission, 24, 48, and 72 hours after cardiac arrest correlated with two proteolytic fragments of tau, tau-A (r = 0.30, r = 0.40, r = 0.50, r = 0.53, p < 0.0001) and tau-C (r = 54, r = 0.48, r = 0.55, r = 0.54, p < 0.0001), respectively. GFAP-C6 levels did not correlate with other markers of CNS damage; total tau, NSE and S100B. In conclusion, we developed the first assay detecting a caspase-6 cleaved fragment of GFAP in blood. Increased levels at 72 hours after cardiac arrest as well as moderate correlations between GFAP-C6 and two other blood biomarkers of neurodegeneration suggest the ability of GFAP-C6 to reflect pathological processes of the injured brain. Investigations into the potential of GFAP-C6 in other types of CNS injury are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte S. Jonesco
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Christian Hassager
- Department of Cardiology B, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Frydland
- Department of Cardiology B, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Kjærgaard
- Department of Cardiology B, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Karsdal
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kim Henriksen
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
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22
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Kim JM, Moon J, Yu JS, Park DK, Lee ST, Jung KH, Chu K. Altered long noncoding RNA profile after intracerebral hemorrhage. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:2014-2025. [PMID: 31557399 PMCID: PMC6801204 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated the expression pattern of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) and messenger RNAs (mRNA) from two different intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) rat models, and performed gene ontology and gene/protein interaction analyses. Methods We harvested hemorrhagic brain 1, 3, and 7 days after ICH induction by stereotactic collagenase injection. We performed microarray analyses with Agilent array platform to compare the expression of lncRNA and mRNAs from hemorrhagic and normal brains. The RNA expression patterns were also examined from the autologous blood injection ICH model at days 1 and 3, and significantly altered lncRNAs from two ICH models were validated by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis were performed with differentially expressed mRNAs after ICH. Gene and protein interaction analysis was performed to elucidate the functional role of upregulated lncRNA in neuronal damage. Results Among the 13,661 lncRNAs studied, 83, 289, and 401 lncRNAs were significantly elevated after 1, 3, and 7 days after collagenase‐induced ICH, respectively. NR_027324, or H19, was the most upregulated lncRNA after 1 day from the two ICH models and its elevation persisted until the 7th day. Gene ontology analysis revealed that immune‐related biological processes such as immune response, immune system process, and defense response were upregulated from both ICH models. Gene and protein interaction study demonstrated that NR_027324 was closely related to the type I interferon signaling pathway. Interpretation This study illustrates the dynamic expression pattern of the lncRNA profile following ICH, and that H19 is the most consistently upregulated lncRNA after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Kim
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangsup Moon
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Yu
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Park
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Wang JA, Tong ML, Zhao B, Zhu G, Xi DH, Yang JP. Parthenolide ameliorates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury in rats. Phytother Res 2019; 34:153-160. [PMID: 31497910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are key contributors to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. Parthenolide (PN) is a sesquiterpene lactone that has been observed to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective potentials. However, the role of PN in ICH remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of PN on an experimental model of ICH in rats. Our results showed that PN treatment improved neurological deficit and brain edema in ICH rats. The ipsilateral hemispheres of the brain were separated and homogenized. The concentrations of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-17 in the homogenates were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that PN inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines in an ICH rat model. The ROS and glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the homogenates were measured. ICH caused an increase in ROS level, and the decreases in GSH level and SOD activity were mitigated by PN treatment. Furthermore, PN significantly suppressed the expressions of active caspase-3 and Bax in ipsilateral hemispheres of the brain at Day 3 after ICH, as well as increased the surviving neurons. Finally, the ICH-induced activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway was suppressed by PN treatment. These findings suggested that PN could be beneficial in the therapeutic strategy for ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-An Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming-Liang Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Hua Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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24
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Wu C, Yan X, Liao Y, Liao L, Huang S, Zuo Q, Zhou L, Gao L, Wang Y, Lin J, Li S, Wang K, Ge X, Song H, Yang R, Lu F. Increased perihematomal neuron autophagy and plasma thrombin-antithrombin levels in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17130. [PMID: 31574813 PMCID: PMC6775380 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies have demonstrated that autophagy was involved in neuronal damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Several studies showed thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) plasma levels were elevated in patients with ICH. In this study, we aimed to evaluate if autophagy occurred in patients with ICH; and the relationship between the severity of brain injury and plasma TAT levels.A novel tissue harvesting device was used during hematoma removal surgery to collect loose fragments of tissue surrounding the affected brain area in 27 ICH patients with hematoma volumes of >30 mL in the basal ganglia. Control tissues were obtained from patients who underwent surgery for arteriovenous malformation (n = 25). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry for autophagy-related proteins were used to evaluate the ultrastructural and morphologic cellular characteristics; and the extent of autophagy in the recovered tissue specimens. Stroke severity was assessed by using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure plasma TAT levels.Transmission electron microscopy showed autophagosomes and autolysosomes exist in neurons surrounding the hematoma, but not in the control tissues. The number of cells containing autophagic vacuoles correlated with the severity of brain injury. Immunohistochemistry showed strong LC3, beclin 1, and cathepsin D staining in ICH tissue specimens. Plasma TAT levels correlated positively with autophagic cells and ICH severity (P < .01).Autophagy was induced in perihematomal neurons after ICH. Autophagy and plasma TAT levels correlated positively with severity of brain injury. These results suggest that autophagy and increased plasma TAT levels may contribute to the secondary damage in ICH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaohua Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery and TCM, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Yuansheng Liao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Lianming Liao
- Central Laboratory, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University
| | - Shengyue Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and TCM, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Quanting Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Linying Zhou
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yinzhou Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and TCM, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Jushan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Shiju Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and TCM, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Xiuming Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Hailong Song
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Ruiling Yang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Clinical College of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Feng Lu
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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25
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Chen B, Chen Z, Liu M, Gao X, Cheng Y, Wei Y, Wu Z, Cui D, Shang H. Inhibition of neuronal ferroptosis in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage shows long-term cerebroprotective effects. Brain Res Bull 2019; 153:122-132. [PMID: 31442590 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke because it has few viable therapeutic options to intervene against primary or second brain injury. Recently, evidence has suggested that ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death, is involved in ICH. In this study, we examined whether ICH-induced neuron death is partly ferroptotic in humans and assessed its temporal and spatial characteristics in mice. Furthermore, the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) was used to examine the role of ferroptosis after ICH. Fold changes in ferroptosis-related gene expression, intracellular iron levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and both protein levels and cellular localization of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured to monitor ferroptosis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also performed to examine the ultrastructure of cells after ICH. We found that the expression level of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS2) was increased in both in vitro and in vivo ICH models; by comparison, expression level of RPL8 was increased in human brain tissue. In mice, iron and MDA levels were significantly increased 3 h after ICH; COX-2 levels were increased at 12 h after ICH and peaked at 3 days after ICH; COX-2 colocalized with NeuN (a neuronal biomarker); and TEM showed that shrunken mitochondria were found at 3 h, 3 days, and 7 days after ICH. Moreover, ICH-induced neurological deficits, memory impairment and brain atrophy were reduced by Fer-1 treatment. Our results demonstrated that neuronal ferroptosis occurs during the acute phase of ICH in brain areas distant from the hematoma and that inhibition of ferroptosis by Fer-1 exerted a long-term cerebroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhebao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Derong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanbing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Intracerebroventricular administration of lupus serum induces microglia activation and leukocyte adhesion in the cerebromicrovasculature of mice. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 334:576994. [PMID: 31207553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.576994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is commonly seen in the patients with system lupus erythematosus (SLE). Mechanisms underlying CNS damage in SLE remain largely unknown. Accumulating evidence suggest that activation of microglia in CNS plays an important role in the inflammatory responses in neurological diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the involvement of microglia in the CNS inflammatory responses induced by circulating serum of SLE patients. METHODS We performed intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of serums collected from SLE patients or healthy controls to mice, and examined phenotypic changes of microglia, the levels of cytokines, chemokine and adhesion molecules in the brain. Intravital microscopy was used to observe leukocyte rolling and adhesion in the cerebromicrovasculature. We further examined whether minocycline can block inflammatory responses induced by SLE serum. In vitro experiments were conducted to examine whether IgGs from the sera of SLE patients or healthy control can activate the primary cultured microglia. RESULTS We found that ICV injection of SLE serum increases morphological activation of microglia in the cortex and hippocampus. Inflammatory mediators including pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α), chemokine (CCL2 and CCL5) and adhesion molecules (P-selectin and ICAM-1) were significantly elevated in the brains of SLE-serum-treated mice. Using intravital microscopy, we demonstrated that SLE serum promotes leukocyte rolling and adhesion. Furthermore, suppression of microglia activation by systemically using minocycline could decrease the levels of inflammatory molecular, and prevent leukocyte rolling and adhesion. The in vitro experiments revealed that IgG from SLE sera could be engulfed by microglia and stimulated the microglia to secret pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the activation of microglia, which promotes leukocyte adhesion to the brain microvasculature, is an important pathological mechanism of CNS involvement in SLE.
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27
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Zhu H, Wang Z, Yu J, Yang X, He F, Liu Z, Che F, Chen X, Ren H, Hong M, Wang J. Role and mechanisms of cytokines in the secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 178:101610. [PMID: 30923023 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common and severe cerebrovascular disease that has high mortality. Few survivors achieve self-care. Currently, patients receive only symptomatic treatment for ICH and benefit poorly from this regimen. Inflammatory cytokines are important participants in secondary injury after ICH. Increases in proinflammatory cytokines may aggravate the tissue injury, whereas increases in anti-inflammatory cytokines might be protective in the ICH brain. Inflammatory cytokines have been studied as therapeutic targets in a variety of acute and chronic brain diseases; however, studies on ICH are limited. This review summarizes the roles and functions of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in secondary brain injury after ICH and discusses pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies and directions for treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Central laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Jixu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China; Central laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China; Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xiuli Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Feng He
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Zhenchuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China.
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China; Central laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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28
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Zhao L, Zhang JH, Sherchan P, Krafft PR, Zhao W, Wang S, Chen S, Guo Z, Tang J. Administration of rCTRP9 Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis Through AdipoR1/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway after ICH in Mice. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:756-766. [PMID: 30642187 PMCID: PMC6686438 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718822809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may be an important therapeutic strategy for ICH patients. Emerging evidence indicates that C1q/TNF-Related Protein 9 (CTRP9), a newly discovered adiponectin receptor agonist, exerts neuroprotection in cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-apoptotic role of CTRP9 after experimental ICH and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. ICH was induced in mice via intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase. Recombinant CTRP9 (rCTRP9) was administrated intranasally at 1 h after ICH. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, adiponectin receptor1 small interfering ribonucleic acid (AdipoR1 siRNA) and selective PI3 K inhibitor LY294002 were administered prior to rCTRP9 treatment. Western blots, neurofunctional assessments, immunofluorescence staining, and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining experiments were performed. Administration of rCTRP9 significantly improved both short- and long-term neurofunctional behavior after ICH. RCTRP9 treatment significantly increased the expression of AdipoR1, PI3 K, p-Akt, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease the expression of Bax in the brain, which was reversed by inhibition of AdipoR1 and PI3 K. The neuroprotective effect of rCTRP9 after ICH was mediated by attenuation of neuronal apoptosis via the AdipoR1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; therefore, rCTRP9 should be further evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent for ICH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhua Zhao
- 1 Department of Neurology, Tianjin TEDA Hospital, Tianjin, China.,2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Paul R Krafft
- 3 Department of Neurological Surgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- 1 Department of Neurology, Tianjin TEDA Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sa Wang
- 4 Department of Neurology, Affilicated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengpan Chen
- 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,5 Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - Zaiyu Guo
- 1 Department of Neurology, Tianjin TEDA Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Wan J, Ren H, Wang J. Iron toxicity, lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis after intracerebral haemorrhage. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2019; 4:93-95. [PMID: 31338218 PMCID: PMC6613877 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2018-000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating type of stroke with high mortality and morbidity. However, we have few options for ICH therapy and limited knowledge about post-ICH neuronal death and related mechanisms. In the aftermath of ICH, iron overload within the perihaematomal region can induce lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation, which contribute to secondary brain injury. Indeed, iron chelation therapy has shown efficacy in preclinical ICH studies. Recently, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death known as ferroptosis was identified. It is characterised by an accumulation of iron-induced lipid ROS, which leads to intracellular oxidative stress. The ROS cause damage to nucleic acids, proteins and lipid membranes, and eventually cell death. Recently, we and others discovered that ferroptosis does occur after haemorrhagic stroke in vitro and in vivo and contributes to neuronal death. Inhibition of ferroptosis is beneficial in several in vivo and in vitro ICH conditions. This minireview summarises current research on iron toxicity, lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in the pathomechanisms of ICH, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and the potential for combined therapeutic strategies. Understanding the role of ferroptosis after ICH will provide a vital foundation for cell death-based ICH treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Subacute Elevation of Plasma Level of Caspase-Cleaved Cytokeratin-18 is Associated with Hemorrhagic Transformation and Functional Outcome in Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 28:719-727. [PMID: 30528602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 (CCCK-18) is an apoptosis marker. Here, we analyzed the relationship between plasma level of CCCK-18 in the acute and subacute stage of ischemic stroke and early and late functional outcome. Besides, correlation among CCCK-18 and complications, such as hemorrhagic transformation (HT) were also explored. METHODS Plasma concentration of CCCK-18 was investigated in 54 patients at admission and poststroke 72 hours. HT was evaluated by CT scans on 24 poststroke hours. Outcome measures were assessed by modified Rankin scale at hospital discharge and 6-month later. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to determine the best cut-off values of CCCK-18 as a predictor of unfavorable functional outcome. RESULTS Significantly elevated CCCK-18 level was observed at 72 hours after onset of stroke, in nonsurviving compared to surviving patients (331 ± 191 ng/L versus 251 ± 164 ng/L, P = .01). Based on ROC analysis, the cut-off value of plasma CCCK-18 levels >223 ng/L at 72 poststroke hours predicted 6-month unfavorable stroke outcome with a sensitivity of 84.4% and a specificity of 77.3% (area under the curve: .851, 95% confidence interval = .745-.955, P < .001). The rate of complications such as HT and in-hospital infection was significantly higher in patients presented with a plasma CCCK-18 level above the cut-off value. CONCLUSIONS The association between high serum CCCK-18 levels and unfavorable early and late stroke outcome in an unselected study population was first described here. Besides, the apoptosis marker CCCK-18 might be a predictor of further complication such as HT and in-hospital infection.
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31
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Shen J, Zhou T, Li H, Li W, Wang S, Song Y, Ke K, Cao M. Cab45s inhibits neuronal apoptosis following intracerebral hemorrhage in adult rats. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:36-44. [PMID: 30266588 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that Cab45s, belonging to the CREC family, can fight against apoptosis in the cancer cell lines. Here, we report that Cab45s may involve in neuronal apoptosis at the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in pathophysiology. We found that expression of Cab45s was enhanced in areas contiguous to hematoma following ICH in adult rats, and that so were the expressions of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and active caspase-3. In vitro, coimmunoprecipitation analysis indicated the interaction between Cab45s and GRP78. Depletion of Cab45s attenuated the expression of GRP78, but increased the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 in PC12 cells treated with hemin, which finally promoted apoptosis. Together, these results reveal that Cab45s might exert its anti-apoptotic function against neuronal apoptosis. Thus, the study may provide evidences for regulating Cab45s as a potentially reliable treatment for the secondary damage following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabing Shen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhen Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226006, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifu Ke
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maohong Cao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Liu ZC, Meng LQ, Song JH, Gao J. Dynamic protein expression of NF-κB following rat intracerebral hemorrhage and its association with apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3903-3908. [PMID: 30344667 PMCID: PMC6176140 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dynamic protein expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and apoptosis in the cerebral tissue surrounding hematoma following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. A total of 80 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into a sham-surgery group and an ICH group. The ICH model was established by injecting autogenous non-heparin anticoagulant arterial blood into the caudate putamen. NF-κB levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry at different time points subsequent to surgery, and apoptosis condition was investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Different levels of NF-κB were expressed in the cerebral tissue around the ICH at each time point in the ICH group. NF-κB protein expression was detected at 3 h following hemorrhage, mainly in the cytoplasm. Following 6 h, NF-κB was identified in the nucleus. Its expression peaked at 72 h following hemorrhage, and persisted for 5 days. Apoptosis was observed 6 h following hemorrhage, and had increased significantly by 12 h. The rate of apoptosis continued to rise from 72-120 h following hemorrhage. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between NF-κB expression and apoptosis (r=0.753; P<0.01). The enhancement of NF-κB expression and apoptosis around ICH, and the significant positive correlation between NF-κB expression and apoptosis, indicates that NF-κB activation may enhance cerebral apoptosis in rats following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Chao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Qiu Meng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Hui Song
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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33
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Li Q, Weiland A, Chen X, Lan X, Han X, Durham F, Liu X, Wan J, Ziai WC, Hanley DF, Wang J. Ultrastructural Characteristics of Neuronal Death and White Matter Injury in Mouse Brain Tissues After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Coexistence of Ferroptosis, Autophagy, and Necrosis. Front Neurol 2018; 9:581. [PMID: 30065697 PMCID: PMC6056664 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease worldwide, the pathologic changes in ultrastructure during the acute and chronic phases of ICH are poorly described. In this study, transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of ICH-induced pathology. ICH was induced in mice by an intrastriatal injection of collagenase. Pathologic changes were observed in the acute (3 days), subacute (6 days), and chronic (28 days) phases. Compared with sham animals, we observed various types of cell death in the injured striatum during the acute phase of ICH, including necrosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy. Different degrees of axon degeneration in the striatum were seen in the acute phase, and axonal demyelination was observed in the ipsilateral striatum and corpus callosum at late time points. In addition, phagocytes, resident microglia, and infiltrating monocyte-macrophages were present around red blood cells and degenerating neurons and were observed to engulf red blood cells and other debris. Many synapses appeared abnormal or were lost. This systematic analysis of the pathologic changes in ultrastructure after ICH in mice provides information that will be valuable for future ICH pathology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing, China
| | - Abigail Weiland
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Frederick Durham
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jieru Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wendy C. Ziai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniel F. Hanley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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34
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Zhao D, Chen J, Zhang Y, Liao HB, Zhang ZF, Zhuang Y, Pan MX, Tang JC, Liu R, Lei Y, Wang S, Qin XP, Feng YG, Chen Y, Wan Q. Glycine confers neuroprotection through PTEN/AKT signal pathway in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:85-91. [PMID: 29698679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Glycine has been shown to protect against ischemic stroke through various mechanisms. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) which antagonize Akt-dependent cell survival has been linked to neuronal damage. However, whether glycine has a neuroprotective property in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was unknown. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of glycine in rats ICH. Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to left striatum infusion of autologous blood. ICH animals received glycine (0.2-3 mg/kg, icv) at 1 h after ICH with or without pre-injection of Akt Inhibitor IV (100 μM, 2 μl, icv) 0.5 h prior to glycine treatment. Our results showed that in the perihematomal area PTEN was up-regulated in the early stage after ICH. However, glycine treatment decreased PTEN protein level and increased the phosphorylation level of AKT (p-AKT) in the perihematomal area. With the administration of glycine, neuronal death was significantly reduced and Evans blue leakage was alleviated as well as the brain edema after ICH. Moreover, hematoma volume was decreased and neurobehavioral outcome was improved. Nevertheless, Akt Inhibitor IV abolished the neuroprotective effects of glycine after ICH. Together, our findings demonstrate, for the first time, the protective role of glycine on ICH rats, and suggest that the neuroprotective effect of glycine was mediated through PTEN/Akt signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, WuhanUniversity, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000 China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430013, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hua-Bao Liao
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000 China
| | - Yang Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Meng-Xian Pan
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Chun Tang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xing-Ping Qin
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu-Gong Feng
- Institute of Neuroregeneration& Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Street, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, WuhanUniversity, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration& Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Street, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Lorente L, Martín MM, Pérez-Cejas A, Ramos L, Argueso M, Solé-Violán J, Cáceres JJ, Jiménez A, García-Marín V. Association between serum levels of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 and early mortality in patients with severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:23. [PMID: 29661155 PMCID: PMC5902924 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptotic changes after cerebral hemorrhage in brain samples of humans have been found. Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin (CCCK)-18 could be detected in the bloodstream during apoptosis. Higher circulating CCCK-18 levels have been associated with 6-month mortality in patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage. The aim of our study was to determine whether there is an association between serum CCCK-18 levels and early mortality of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SIH) patients. We performed an observational, prospective and multicentre study. There were included patients with severe SIH defined as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) lower than 9. We determined serum CCCK-18 levels at the severe SIH diagnosis moment. RESULTS We found that non-surviving SIH patients (n = 46) showed lower GCS, and higher serum CCCK-18 levels and APACHE-II score than survivor ones (n = 54). In ROC analysis was found that the area under the curve of serum CCCK-18 levels for 30-day mortality prediction was 90% (95% CI 82-95%; p < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, we found an association between serum CCCK-18 levels and 30-day mortality (OR 1.034; 95% CI 1.013-1.055; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The novel finding of our study was that there is an association between high serum CCCK-18 levels and 30-day mortality in severe SIH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lorente
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n, La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - María M Martín
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Crta del Rosario s/n, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonia Pérez-Cejas
- Laboratory Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n, La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Ramos
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General La Palma, Buenavista de Arriba s/n, Breña Alta, 38713, La Palma, Spain
| | - Mónica Argueso
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez no 17-19, 46004, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, CIBERES, Barranco de la Ballena s/n, 35010, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan J Cáceres
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Insular, Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alejandro Jiménez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n, La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Victor García-Marín
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n, La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Zhang W, Cui Y, Gao J, Li R, Jiang X, Tian Y, Wang K, Cui J. Recombinant Osteopontin Improves Neurological Functional Recovery and Protects Against Apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1588-1596. [PMID: 29550832 PMCID: PMC5870133 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of recombinant osteopontin (r-OPN) on apoptotic changes via modulating phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β) signaling in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). MATERIAL AND METHODS We subjected 10-12-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats (n=120) to injection of autologous blood into the right basal ganglia to induce ICH or sham surgery. ICH animals received vehicle administration, r-OPN (4 μL/pup), or r-OPN combined with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin (86 ng/pup) at 30 min after injury. Neurological scores and rotarod latencies were evaluated on days 1-5 post-ICH. Brain water content was evaluated on days 1-3 post-ICH. The number of apoptotic cells changes were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2-deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and hematoxylin staining. Apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), and the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3b were assayed by Western blot. RESULTS Neurological deficits, rotarod latencies, and brain water content following ICH were reduced in the r-OPN group compared to the vehicle group. r-OPN also attenuated cell death in ICH. Furthermore, treatment with r-OPN significantly increased p-Akt expression and decreased p-GSK-3β. These effects were associated with a decrease in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the suppression of CC3 at 24 h after ICH. Importantly, all the beneficial effects of r-OPN in ICH were abrogated by the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin. CONCLUSIONS r-OPN may provide a wide range of neuroprotection by suppressing apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Junling Gao
- School of Basic Medical Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland).,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Ran Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland).,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland).,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yanxia Tian
- School of Basic Medical Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland).,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Kaijie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Jianzhong Cui
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China (mainland)
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37
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Wu Y, Wang L, Hu K, Yu C, Zhu Y, Zhang S, Shao A. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:682. [PMID: 30618863 PMCID: PMC6304443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between depression and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is complicated. One of the most common neuropsychiatric comorbidities of hemorrhagic stroke is Post-ICH depression. Depression, as a neuropsychiatric symptom, also negatively impacts the outcome of ICH by enhancing morbidity, disability, and mortality. However, the ICH outcome can be improved by antidepressants such as the frequently-used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This review therefore presents the mechanisms of post-ICH depression, we grouped the mechanisms according to inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis and autophagy, and explained them through their several associated signaling pathways. Inflammation is mainly related to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, the PPAR-γ-dependent pathway, as well as other signaling pathways. OS is associated to nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), the PI3K/Akt pathway and the MAPK/P38 pathway. Moreover, autophagy is associated with the mTOR signaling cascade and the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, while apoptosis is correlated with the death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathway, mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, caspase-independent pathways and others. Furthermore, we found that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis experience interactions with one another. Additionally, it may provide several potential therapeutic targets for patients that might suffer from depression after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wu
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang Z, Lu G, Sze J, Liu Y, Lin S, Yao H, Zhang J, Xie D, Liu Q, Kung HF, Lin MCM, Poon WS. Plasma miR-124 Is a Promising Candidate Biomarker for Human Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5879-5888. [PMID: 29101647 PMCID: PMC5994210 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Stroke causes death or long-term disabilities and threatens the general health of the population worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs are dysregulated and can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in stroke. The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 15% of all the stroke cases. However, at present, little is known regarding the functions and clinical implications of miRNAs in ICH. In the present study, we established the collagenase-induced rat ICH model to mimic human ICH syndrome. We profiled the expression of 728 rat miRNAs at different time points in rat brain tissues and plasma post-ICH and identified a set human brain-enriched miRNAs that had changed expression level in the plasma of rat ICH. Among them, the expression levels of miR-124 displayed significantly synchronous alterations in rat plasma and brain tissue during ICH progression. They were significantly elevated at the acute injury phase (day 1 and 2), gradually decreased during the delayed recovery phase (day 7, 14 and 30), and finally restored to normal levels at late recovery phase (day 60). We further determined the plasma expression profile of miR-124 from human ICH patients. Similar to the pattern observed in rat ICH model, our results indicated that immediately after patients reached the hospital, the average plasma concentrations of miR-124 increased more than 100-fold in 24 h, then decreased gradually on day 2, 7, 14 and to near normal level on day 30. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that plasma concentration of miR-124 is a promising candidate biomarker for the early detection and predictive prognosis of human ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Brain Tumor Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Johnny Sze
- Brain Tumor Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Brain Tumor Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Eng. Laboratory of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsiang-Fu Kung
- Brain Tumor Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marie Chia-Mi Lin
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Wai Sang Poon
- Brain Tumor Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Ahmad AS, Mendes M, Hernandez D, Doré S. Efficacy of Laropiprant in Minimizing Brain Injury Following Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9489. [PMID: 28842638 PMCID: PMC5573370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating and disabling forms of stroke, yet effective treatments are still lacking. Prostaglandins and their receptors have been implicated in playing vital roles in ICH outcomes. Recently, laropiprant, a DP1 receptor antagonist, has been used in combination with niacin to abolish the prostaglandin D2-(PGD2)-induced flushing. Here, we test the hypothesis that laropiprant limits bleeding and rescues the brain from ICH. Wildtype (WT) and DP1-/- mice were subjected ICH and neurologic deficits and hemorrhagic lesion outcomes were evaluated at 72 hours after the ICH. To test the therapeutic potential of laropiprant, WT mice subjected to ICH were treated with laropiprant at 1 hour after the ICH. The putative effect of laropiprant on limiting hematoma expansion was tested by an in vivo tail bleeding cessation method and an ex vivo coagulation method. Finally, the roles of laropiprant on gliosis and iron accumulation were also investigated. A significant decrease in the injury volume was observed in DP1-/- as well as laropiprant-treated WT mice. The tail bleeding time was significantly lower in laropiprant group as compared with the vehicle group. Significantly lower Iba-1 and Perls' iron staining in DP1-/- and laropiprant-treated WT groups were observed. Altogether, the data suggest that laropiprant treatment post-ICH attenuates brain damage by targeting primary as well as secondary injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shafique Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Monique Mendes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Damian Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, Psychology, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Singh N, Bansal Y, Bhandari R, Marwaha L, Singh R, Chopra K, Kuhad A. Naringin Reverses Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Alterations in Intracerebroventricular Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats. Pharmacology 2017; 100:172-187. [PMID: 28668949 DOI: 10.1159/000453580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) contributes to 10-15% of all strokes and is a high risk factor for morbidity and mortality as compared to other subtypes of stroke, that is, cerebral ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oxidative stress (OS)-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death contribute towards the hallmarks of ICH. Spared antioxidant levels, increased inflammatory cytokines and free radicals in ICH lead to neuronal death and exaggerate the hallmarks of ICH. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) collagenase (COL-induced neuronal cell damage and cognitive deficits form a widely recognized experimental model for ICH. Naringin (NGN), a natural antioxidant bioflavonoid, has shown potent neuroprotective effects in different neurodegenerative diseases. However, its potential is least explored in pathological conditions, such as hemorrhagic stroke. This study is aimed at exploring the protective effects of NGN against ICV-COL induced behavioral, neurological and memory deficits in rats. ICV-ICH was induced by single, unilateral intrastriatal injection of COL (1 IU in 2 µL, ICV) over 10 min. From 2nd day onwards, NGN was administered in three different doses (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg; p.o.). Animals were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests to assess behavioral changes, including neurological scoring tests (cylinder test, spontaneous motility, righting reflex, horizontal bar test, forelimb flexion), actophotometer, rotarod, Randall Selitto and von Frey. Poststroke depression and memory deficits were estimated using forced swim test and Morris water maze test, respectively. Poststroke depression, neurological and cognitive deficits were mitigated dose dependently by NGN administration. NGN administration also attenuated the nitro-OS and restored tumor necrosis factor-α and endogenous antioxidant levels. Our research demonstrates that NGN has a protective effect against ICH-induced neurocognitive deficits, along with mitigation of oxido-nitrosative and inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Singh
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Singh N, Bansal Y, Bhandari R, Marwaha L, Singh R, Chopra K, Kuhad A. Resveratrol protects against ICV collagenase-induced neurobehavioral and biochemical deficits. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2017; 14:14. [PMID: 28615993 PMCID: PMC5466723 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-017-0158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Indeed, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) account for only 15% of all strokes but it is one of the most devastating subtype of stroke associated with behavioral, cognitive and neurological deficits. The primary cause of neurological deficits in ICH is the hematoma growth, generation of free radicals, inflammatory cytokines and exhausting endogenous anti-oxidant machinery. It has been found that neuroinflammation following ICH leads to exaggeration of hallmarks of ICH. With this background, the study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV) in intracerebroventricular (ICV) collagenase (COL) induced neurological deficits in rats. Methods The present study was designed to explore the protective effects of resveratrol (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) against ICV-COL induced ICH. Animals were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests to access behavioral changes, including neurological scoring tests (cylinder test, spontaneous motility, righting reflex, horizontal bar test, forelimb flexion), actophotometer, rotarod, Randall Sellito and von Frey. Post stroke depression was estimated using forced swim test (FST). Memory deficit was monitored using Morris water maze (MWM). Results Chronic treatment with RSV (20 mg/kg) for 21 days restored various behavioral changes, including neurological scoring tests (cylinder test, spontaneous motility, righting reflex, horizontal bar test, forelimb flexion), actophotometer, rotarod, Randall Sellito and Von Frey. RSV also restores increase in immobility time forced swim test used to evaluate post stroke depression and impaired memory deficit in Morris water maze. RSV administration also attenuated increased nitro-oxidative stress and TNF-α level. RSV being a potent antioxidant also restores changes in endogenous anti-oxidant levels. Conclusion In conclusion, our research demonstrates that RSV has a protective effect against ICH by virtue of its anti-inflammatory property and antioxidant and nitrosative stress restoring property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Singh
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Ranjana Bhandari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Lovish Marwaha
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Raghunath Singh
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014 India
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Li Q, Han X, Lan X, Gao Y, Wan J, Durham F, Cheng T, Yang J, Wang Z, Jiang C, Ying M, Koehler RC, Stockwell BR, Wang J. Inhibition of neuronal ferroptosis protects hemorrhagic brain. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90777. [PMID: 28405617 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes high mortality and morbidity, but our knowledge of post-ICH neuronal death and related mechanisms is limited. In this study, we first demonstrated that ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, occurs in the collagenase-induced ICH model in mice. We found that administration of ferrostatin-1, a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, prevented neuronal death and reduced iron deposition induced by hemoglobin in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). Mice treated with ferrostatin-1 after ICH exhibited marked brain protection and improved neurologic function. Additionally, we found that ferrostatin-1 reduced lipid reactive oxygen species production and attenuated the increased expression level of PTGS2 and its gene product cyclooxygenase-2 ex vivo and in vivo. Moreover, ferrostatin-1 in combination with other inhibitors that target different forms of cell death prevented hemoglobin-induced cell death in OHSCs and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons better than any inhibitor alone. These results indicate that ferroptosis contributes to neuronal death after ICH, that administration of ferrostatin-1 protects hemorrhagic brain, and that cyclooxygenase-2 could be a biomarker of ferroptosis. The insights gained from this study will advance our knowledge of the post-ICH cell death cascade and be essential for future preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Yufeng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jieru Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Tian Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
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Wang G, Manaenko A, Shao A, Ou Y, Yang P, Budbazar E, Nowrangi D, Zhang JH, Tang J. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 facilitates heme scavenging after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1299-1310. [PMID: 27317656 PMCID: PMC5453452 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16654494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heme-degradation after erythrocyte lysis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 is a receptor expressed predominately at the neurovascular interface, which facilitates the clearance of the hemopexin and heme complex. In the present study, we investigated the role of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 in heme removal and neuroprotection in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Endogenous low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 and hemopexin were increased in ipsilateral brain after intracerebral hemorrhage, accompanied by increased hemoglobin levels, brain water content, blood-brain barrier permeability and neurological deficits. Exogenous human recombinant low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 protein reduced hematoma volume, brain water content surrounding hematoma, blood-brain barrier permeability and improved neurological function three days after intracerebral hemorrhage. The expression of malondialdehyde, fluoro-Jade C positive cells and cleaved caspase 3 was increased three days after intracerebral hemorrhage in the ipsilateral brain tissues and decreased with recombinant low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1. Intracerebral hemorrhage decreased and recombinant low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 increased the levels of superoxide dismutase 1. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 siRNA reduced the effect of human recombinant low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 on all outcomes measured. Collectively, our findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 contributed to heme clearance and blood-brain barrier protection after intracerebral hemorrhage. The use of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 as supplement provides a novel approach to ameliorating intracerebral hemorrhage brain injury via its pleiotropic neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaiqing Wang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,2 Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Anwen Shao
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Yibo Ou
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Peng Yang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Derek Nowrangi
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Ho YJ, Yeh CK. Concurrent anti-vascular therapy and chemotherapy in solid tumors using drug-loaded acoustic nanodroplet vaporization. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:472-485. [PMID: 27836803 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug-loaded nanodroplets (NDs) can be converted into gas bubbles through ultrasound (US) stimulation, termed acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV), which provides a potential strategy to simultaneously induce vascular disruption and release drugs for combined physical anti-vascular therapy and chemotherapy. Doxorubicin-loaded NDs (DOX-NDs) with a mean size of 214nm containing 2.48mg DOX/mL were used in this study. High-speed images displayed bubble formation and cell debris, demonstrating the reduction in cell viability after ADV. Intravital imaging provided direct visualization of disrupted tumor vessels (vessel size <30μm), the extravasation distance was 12μm in the DOX-NDs group and increased over 100μm in the DOX-NDs+US group. Solid tumor perfusion on US imaging was significantly reduced to 23% after DOX-NDs vaporization, but gradually recovered to 41%, especially at the tumor periphery after 24h. Histological images of the DOX-NDs+US group revealed tissue necrosis, a large amount of drug extravasation, vascular disruption, and immune cell infiltration at the tumor center. Tumor sizes decreased 22%, 36%, and 68% for NDs+US, DOX-NDs, and DOX-NDs+US, respectively, to prolong the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the combination of physical anti-vascular therapy and chemotherapy with DOX-NDs vaporization promotes uniform treatment to improve therapeutic efficacy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Tumor vasculature plays an important role for tumor cell proliferation by transporting oxygen and nutrients. Previous studies combined anti-vascular therapy and drug release to inhibit tumor growth by ultrasound-stimulated microbubble destruction or acoustic droplet vaporization. Although the efficacy of combined therapy has been demonstrated; the relative spatial distribution of vascular disruption, drug delivery, and accompanied immune responses within solid tumors was not discussed clearly. Herein, our study used drug-loaded nanodroplets to combined physical anti-vascular and chemical therapy. The in vitro cytotoxicity, intravital imaging, and histological assessment were used to evaluate the temporal and spatial cooperation between physical and chemical effect. These results revealed some evidences for complementary action to explain the high efficacy of tumor inhibition by combined therapy.
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Lv LJ, Li J, Qiao HB, Nie BJ, Lu P, Xue F, Zhang ZM. Overexpression of GRP75 inhibits inflammation in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1368-1372. [PMID: 28098881 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose‑regulated protein 75 (GRP75) is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family and previous studies have demonstrated that GRP75 is involved in diseases of the central nervous system. However, the biological function of GRP75 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains to be clarified. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of GRP75 in a rat model of ICH. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of GRP75, active caspase‑3, Bax, Bcl‑2, p‑Akt and Akt in brain tissues following ICH. The levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and interleukin (IL)‑1β were evaluated using ELISA assay. Expression of GRP75 mRNA and protein was demonstrated to be reduced in the brain tissues of rats with ICH compared with sham‑operated rats. In addition, overexpression of GRP75 in brain tissues with ICH significantly inhibited the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF‑α and IL-1β and increased Bcl‑2/decreased Bax levels compared with ICH alone. Furthermore, overexpression of GRP75 in brain tissues with ICH resulted in significantly increased phosphorylation of Akt compared with ICH alone. Therefore, the present study demonstrated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, significantly reduced GRP75 expression in brain tissues following ICH, and that overexpression of GRP75 inhibits inflammation and potentially inhibits neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of ICH. GRP75 may, therefore, represent a promising target in the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Jie Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Ben-Jin Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
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Garton T, Keep RF, Hua Y, Xi G. Brain iron overload following intracranial haemorrhage. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2016; 1:172-184. [PMID: 28959481 PMCID: PMC5435218 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2016-000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial haemorrhages, including intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, haemorrhage contributes to tissue damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). To date, efforts to treat the long-term consequences of cerebral haemorrhage have been unsatisfactory. Incident rates and mortality have not showed significant improvement in recent years. In terms of secondary damage following haemorrhage, it is becoming increasingly apparent that blood components are of integral importance, with haemoglobin-derived iron playing a major role. However, the damage caused by iron is complex and varied, and therefore, increased investigation into the mechanisms by which iron causes brain injury is required. As ICH, IVH, SAH and TBI are related, this review will discuss the role of iron in each, so that similarities in injury pathologies can be more easily identified. It summarises important components of normal brain iron homeostasis and analyses the existing evidence on iron-related brain injury mechanisms. It further discusses treatment options of particular promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Garton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Richard F Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ya Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guohua Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Ding W, Chen R, Wu C, Chen W, Zhang H, Fan X, Wang H, Ji Y, Xie L, Ning X, Shen L. Increased expression of HERPUD1 involves in neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Res Bull 2016; 128:40-47. [PMID: 27871950 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine-inducible endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible ubiquitin-like domain member 1 protein (HERPUD1) is involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Immense amounts of research showed HERPUD1 plays multiple roles in various models. In this work, we explored the role of HERPUD1 during the pathophysiological processes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Rat ICH model was established and verified by behavioral test. Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed a significant up-regulation of HERPUD1 expression around the hematoma after ICH. Besides, the expression of cytochrome c (cyt c) and active caspase-3 increased accompanied to HERPUD1 expression. Double-labeled immunofluorescence indicated HERPUD1 mainly colocalized with neurons. Further study showed HERPUD1 silence brought about up-regulation of apoptosis markers including cyt c and active caspase-3 coupled with increased cell apoptosis in vitro model. All these findings suggested that HERPUD1 might play a protective role in ICH-induced neuronal apoptosis in rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensen Ding
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunshuai Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weihai Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongtian Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingjuan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuteng Ji
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaojin Ning
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihua Shen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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48
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Lu F, Nakamura T, Okabe N, Himi N, Nakamura-Maruyama E, Shiromoto T, Narita K, Tsukamoto I, Xi G, Keep RF, Miyamoto O. COA-Cl, a Novel Synthesized Nucleoside Analog, Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in the Acute Phase of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:2637-2643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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49
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Zheng J, Liu Z, Li W, Tang J, Zhang D, Tang X. Lithium posttreatment confers neuroprotection through glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats. J Neurosurg 2016; 127:716-724. [PMID: 27739937 DOI: 10.3171/2016.7.jns152995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation and apoptosis are two key factors contributing to secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lithium posttreatment on behavior, brain atrophy, inflammation, and perihematomal cell death. Furthermore, the authors aimed to determine the role of the pro-apoptotic glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) after experimental ICH. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 108) were subjected to intracerebral infusion of semicoagulated autologous blood. Window of opportunity and dose optimization studies of lithium on ICH-induced injury were performed by measuring neurological deficits. Animals with ICH received vehicle administration or lithium posttreatment (60 mg/kg) for up to 21 days. Hemispheric atrophy was evaluated. Perihematomal cell death was quantified through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL). The number of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive neutrophils and OX42-positive microglia in the perihematomal areas were calculated. Western blotting was used for the quantification of GSK-3β, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and cy-clooxygenase-2 (COX-2). RESULTS Lithium, at a dose of 60 mg/kg initiated from 2 hours after injury, exhibited the best effects of improving neurological outcomes 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after ICH, reduced the hemispheric atrophy at 42 days after surgery, and reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells, MPO-positive neutrophils, and OX42-positive microglia in the perihematomal areas. Furthermore, lithium posttreatment modulated GSK-3β, increased HSP70, and decreased NF-κB p65 and COX-2 expression in the ipsilateral hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS Lithium posttreatment at a dose of 60 mg/kg, initiated beginning 2 hours after injury, improves functional and morphological outcomes, and inhibits inflammation and perihematomal cell death in a rat model of semicoagulated autologous blood ICH through inactivation of GSK-3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang
| | - Weishan Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang
| | - Jiaxin Tang
- The Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai; and
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Tang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang
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50
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Pearce WJ, Doan C, Carreon D, Kim D, Durrant LM, Manaenko A, McCoy L, Obenaus A, Zhang JH, Tang J. Imatinib attenuates cerebrovascular injury and phenotypic transformation after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R1093-R1104. [PMID: 27707720 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00240.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the hypothesis that intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) promotes release of diffusible factors that can significantly influence the structure and function of cerebral arteries remote from the site of injury, through action on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors. Four groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied (n = 8 each): 1) sham; 2) sham + 60 mg/kg ip imatinib; 3) ICH (collagenase method); and 4) ICH + 60 mg/kg ip imatinib given 60 min after injury. At 24 h after injury, sham artery passive diameters (+3 mM EGTA) averaged 244 ± 7 µm (at 60 mmHg). ICH significantly increased passive diameters up to 6.4% and decreased compliance up to 42.5%. For both pressure- and potassium-induced contractions, ICH decreased calcium mobilization up to 26.2% and increased myofilament calcium sensitivity up to 48.4%. ICH reduced confocal colocalization of smooth muscle α-actin (αActin) with nonmuscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) and increased its colocalization with smooth muscle MHC, suggesting that ICH promoted contractile differentiation. ICH also enhanced colocalization of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) with both αActin and regulatory 20-kDa myosin light chain. All effects of ICH on passive diameter, compliance, contractility, and contractile protein colocalization were significantly reduced or absent in arteries from animals treated with imatinib. These findings support the hypothesis that ICH promotes release into the cerebrospinal fluid of vasoactive factors that can diffuse to and promote activation of cerebrovascular PDGF receptors, thereby altering the structure, contractile protein organization, contractility, and smooth muscle phenotype of cerebral arteries remote from the site of hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Pearce
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California; .,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Coleen Doan
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Desirelys Carreon
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Dahlim Kim
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lara M Durrant
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lauren McCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California; and
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California; and
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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