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Niveau C, Sosa Cuevas E, Saas P, Aspord C. Glycans in melanoma: Drivers of tumour progression but sweet targets to exploit for immunotherapy. Immunology 2024; 173:33-52. [PMID: 38742251 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation recently emerged as an unmissable hallmark of cancer progression in many cancers. In melanoma, there is growing evidence that the tumour 'glycocode' plays a major role in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, migration, but also dictates the nature of the immune infiltrate, which strongly affects immune cell function, and clinical outcome. Aberrant glycosylation patterns dismantle anti-tumour defence through interactions with lectins on immune cells, which are crucial to shape anti-tumour immunity but also to trigger immune evasion. The glycan/lectin axis represents a new immune subversion pathway that is exploited by melanoma to hijack immune cells and escape from immune control. In this review, we describe the glycosylation features of melanoma tumour cells, and further gather findings related to the role of glycosylation in melanoma tumour progression, deciphering in detail its impact on immunity. We also depict glycan-based strategies aiming at restoring a functional anti-tumour response in melanoma patients. Glycans/lectins emerge as key immune checkpoints with promising translational properties. Exploitation of these pathways could reshape potent anti-tumour immunity while impeding immunosuppressive circuits triggered by aberrant tumour glycosylation patterns, holding great promise for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Niveau
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
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2
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Szydlak R, Luty M, Prot VE, Øvreeide IH, Zemła J, Stokke BT, Lekka M. Detecting normal and cancer skin cells via glycosylation and adhesion signatures: A path to enhanced microfluidic phenotyping. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116337. [PMID: 38703495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Recruiting circulating cells based on interactions between surface receptors and corresponding ligands holds promise for capturing cells with specific adhesive properties. Our study investigates the adhesion of skin cells to specific lectins, particularly focusing on advancements in lectin-based biosensors with diagnostic potential. We explore whether we can successfully capture normal skin (melanocytes and keratinocytes) and melanoma (WM35, WM115, WM266-4) cells in a low-shear flow environment by coating surfaces with lectins. Specifically, we coated surfaces with Dolichos biflorus (DBA) and Maackia Amurensis (MAL) lectins, which were used to detect and capture specific skin cells from the flow of cell mixture. Alterations in glycan expression (confirmed by fluorescent microscopy) demonstrated that DBA binds predominantly to normal skin cells, while MAL interacts strongly with melanoma cells. Assessing adhesion under static and dynamic low-shear stress conditions (up to 30 mPa) underscores the reliability of DBA and MAL as markers for discriminating specific cell type. Melanocytes and keratinocytes adhere to DBA-coated surfaces, while melanoma cells prefer MAL-coated surfaces. A comprehensive analysis encompassing cell shape, cytoskeleton, and focal adhesions shows the independence of our approach from the inherent characteristics of cells, thus demonstrating its robustness. Our results carry practical implications for lectin-biosensor designs, emphasizing the significance of glycan-based discrimination of pathologically altered cells. Combined with microfluidics, it demonstrates the value of cell adhesion as a discriminant of cancer-related changes, with potential applications spanning diagnostics, therapeutic interventions, and advanced biomedical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Szydlak
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marcin Luty
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Kraków, Poland
| | - Victorien E Prot
- Biomechanics, Department of Structural Engineering, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid H Øvreeide
- Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joanna Zemła
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bjørn T Stokke
- Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Kraków, Poland.
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Mohammed NBB, Antonopoulos A, Dell A, Haslam SM, Dimitroff CJ. The pleiotropic role of galectin-3 in melanoma progression: Unraveling the enigma. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:157-193. [PMID: 36725108 PMCID: PMC9895887 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with poor outcomes associated with distant metastasis. Intrinsic properties of melanoma cells alongside the crosstalk between melanoma cells and surrounding microenvironment determine the tumor behavior. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a ß-galactoside-binding lectin, has emerged as a major effector in cancer progression, including melanoma behavior. Data from melanoma models and patient studies reveal that Gal-3 expression is dysregulated, both intracellularly and extracellularly, throughout the stages of melanoma progression. This review summarizes the most recent data and hypotheses on Gal-3 and its tumor-modulating functions, highlighting its role in driving melanoma growth, invasion, and metastatic colonization. It also provides insight into potential Gal-3-targeted strategies for melanoma diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan B B Mohammed
- Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Glycobiology Institute at FIU (TGIF), Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles J Dimitroff
- Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Glycobiology Institute at FIU (TGIF), Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
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4
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Sobiepanek A, Milner-Krawczyk M, Musolf P, Starecki T, Kobiela T. Anandamide-Modulated Changes in Metabolism, Glycosylation Profile and Migration of Metastatic Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061419. [PMID: 35326572 PMCID: PMC8946642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anandamide (AEA) belongs to the group of endocannabinoids and possesses various regulatory properties in physiological as well as pathological processes occurring in the organism. In this research some basic biological tests were applied to investigate AEA-induced changes in cell metabolism and motility, as well as advanced biophysical methods for the determination of the differences in the cell glycosylation profile on a highly dangerous model of melanoma skin cancer, for which an effective therapy is not yet available. Our research suggests that anandamide treatment of metastatic melanoma cells increases the cell metabolism which leads to the reduction in the metastatic potential of cells in terms of the cell glycosylation profile and cell migration. In the view of our research, it can be presumed that anandamide usage in the combined therapy of advanced melanoma would be an advantage for the patient. Abstract An effective therapy for advanced melanoma, a skin cancer with the highest mortality, has not yet been developed. The endocannabinoid system is considered to be an attractive target for cancer treatment. The use of endocannabinoids, such as anandamide (AEA), is considered to be much greater than as a palliative agent. Thus, we checked its influence on various signaling pathways in melanoma cells. Our investigation was performed on four commercial cell lines derived from different progression stages (radial WM35 and vertical WM115 growth phases, lymph node WM266-4 metastasis, solid tumor A375-P metastasis). Cell viability, glucose uptake, quantification of reactive oxygen species production, expression of selected genes encoding glycosyltransferases, quantification of glycoproteins production and changes in the glycosylation profile and migration, as well as in cell elastic properties were analyzed. The cell glycosylation profile was investigated using the biophysical profiling method—the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Anandamide treatment of only metastatic cells resulted in: an increase in the cell metabolism, a decrease in GFAT-1 and DPM1 expression, followed by a decrease in L1-CAM glycoprotein production, which further influenced the reduction in the cell glycosylation profile and migration. Considering our results, AEA usage is highly recommended in the combined therapy of advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sobiepanek
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Interactions Studies, Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (T.K.); Tel.: +48-792-350-130 (A.S.); +48-880-010-863 (T.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Milner-Krawczyk
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Interactions Studies, Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (P.M.)
| | - Paulina Musolf
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Interactions Studies, Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (P.M.)
| | - Tomasz Starecki
- Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kobiela
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Interactions Studies, Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (T.K.); Tel.: +48-792-350-130 (A.S.); +48-880-010-863 (T.K.)
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5
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Sobiepanek A, Kowalska PD, Szota M, Grzywa TM, Nowak J, Włodarski PK, Galus R, Jachimska B, Kobiela T. Novel diagnostic and prognostic factors for the advanced melanoma based on the glycosylation-related changes studied by biophysical profiling methods. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114046. [PMID: 35121451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a life-threatening disease due to the early onset of metastasis and frequent resistance to the applied treatment. For now, no single histological, immunohistochemical or serological biomarker was able to provide a precise predictive value for the aggressive behavior in melanoma patients. Thus, the search for quantifying methods allowing a simultaneous diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma patients is highly desirable. By investigating specific molecular interactions with some biosensor-based techniques, one can determine novel prognostic factors for this tumor. In our previous study, we have shown the possibility of a qualitative in vitro distinguishing the commercially available melanoma cells at different progression stages based on the measurements of the lectin Concanavalin A interacting with surface glycans present on cells. Here, we present the results of the quantitative diagnostic and prognostic study of both commercial and patient-derived melanoma cells based on the evaluation of two novel factors: lectin affinity and glycan viscoelastic index obtained from the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements. Two approaches to the QCM-D measurements were applied, the first uses the ability of melanoma cells to grow as a monolayer of cells on the sensor (cell-based sensors), and the second shortens the time of the analysis (suspension cell based-sensors). The results were confirmed by the complementary label-free (atomic force microscopy, AFM; and surface plasmon resonance, SPR) and labeling (lectin-ELISA; and microscale thermophoresis, MST) techniques. This new approach provides additional quantitative diagnosis and a personalized prognosis which can be done simultaneously to the traditional histopathological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sobiepanek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Patrycja D Kowalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland; Polish Stem Cell Bank, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szota
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Department of Methodology, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland; Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Nowak
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł K Włodarski
- Department of Methodology, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Galus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Jachimska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kobiela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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The Role of Glycosylation in Melanoma Progression. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082136. [PMID: 34440905 PMCID: PMC8393314 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, which originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes, the melanin-producing cells of the skin. Melanoma progression is typically described as a stepwise process in which metastasis formation ensues late during disease. A large body of evidence has shown that the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations drives melanoma progression through the different steps. Mortality in melanoma is associated with metastatic disease. Accordingly, early-stage melanoma can be cured in the majority of cases by surgical excision, while late-stage melanoma is a highly lethal disease. Glycosylation is a post-translational modification that involves the transfer of glycosyl moieties to specific amino acid residues of proteins to form glycosidic bonds through the activity of glycosyltransferases. Aberrant glycosylation is considered a hallmark of cancer as it occurs in the majority of tumor types, including melanoma. The most widely occurring glycosylation changes in melanoma are represented by sialylation, fucosylation, and N- and I-glycan branching. In this review, we discuss the role of glycosylation in melanoma and provide insights on the mechanisms by which aberrant glycosylation promotes melanoma progression through activation of invasion and metastasis, immune evasion and cell proliferation.
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Martin TC, Šimurina M, Ząbczyńska M, Martinic Kavur M, Rydlewska M, Pezer M, Kozłowska K, Burri A, Vilaj M, Turek-Jabrocka R, Krnjajić-Tadijanović M, Trofimiuk-Müldner M, Ugrina I, Lityńska A, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A, Trbojevic-Akmacic I, Lim EM, Walsh JP, Pocheć E, Spector TD, Wilson SG, Lauc G. Decreased Immunoglobulin G Core Fucosylation, A Player in Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity, is Associated with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:774-792. [PMID: 32024769 PMCID: PMC7196582 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common group of autoimmune diseases, associated with lymphocyte infiltration and the production of thyroid autoantibodies, like thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), in the thyroid gland. Immunoglobulins and cell-surface receptors are glycoproteins with distinctive glycosylation patterns that play a structural role in maintaining and modulating their functions. We investigated associations of total circulating IgG and peripheral blood mononuclear cells glycosylation with AITD and the influence of genetic background in a case-control study with several independent cohorts and over 3,000 individuals in total. The study revealed an inverse association of IgG core fucosylation with TPOAb and AITD, as well as decreased peripheral blood mononuclear cells antennary α1,2 fucosylation in AITD, but no shared genetic variance between AITD and glycosylation. These data suggest that the decreased level of IgG core fucosylation is a risk factor for AITD that promotes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity previously associated with TPOAb levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mirna Šimurina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Ząbczyńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Rydlewska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marija Pezer
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kamila Kozłowska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrea Burri
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Waitemata Pain Service, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marija Vilaj
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Turek-Jabrocka
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Trofimiuk-Müldner
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ivo Ugrina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Lityńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
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8
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Modulation of cell adhesion and migration through regulation of the immunoglobulin superfamily member ALCAM/CD166. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:87-95. [PMID: 30778704 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In epithelial-derived cancers, altered regulation of cell-cell adhesion facilitates the disruption of tissue cohesion that is central to the progression to malignant disease. Although numerous intercellular adhesion molecules participate in epithelial adhesion, the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) member activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), has emerged from multiple independent studies as a central contributor to tumor progression. ALCAM is an archetypal member of the IgSF with conventional organization of five Ig-like domains involved in homo- and heterotypic adhesions. Like many IgSF members, ALCAM is broadly expressed and involved in cellular adhesion across many cellular processes. While the redundancy of intercellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) could diminish the impact of any single CAM, consistent correlation between ALCAM expression and patient outcome for multiple cancers underscores its role in tumor progression. Unlike most oncogenes and tumor suppressors, ALCAM is neither mutated nor amplified or deleted. Experimental disruption of ALCAM-mediated adhesions implies that this IgSF member contributes to tumor progression through dynamic turnover of the protein at the cell surface. Since ALCAM is not frequently altered at the gene level, it appears to promote malignant behavior through regulation of its availability rather than its specific activity. These observations help explain its heterogeneous expression within malignant disease and the drastic changes in protein levels across tumor progression. To reveal how ALCAM contributes to tumor progression, we review regulation of its gene expression, alternative splicing, targeted proteolysis, binding partners, and surface shedding within the context of cancer. Studying ALCAM regulation has led to a novel understanding of the fine-tuning of cell adhesive state through the utilization of otherwise normal regulatory processes, which thereby enable tumor cell invasion and metastasis.
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9
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Souza RKDF, Carvalho ICS, Costa CGDCM, da Silva NS, Pacheco-Soares C. Alteration of Surface Glycoproteins After Photodynamic Therapy. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:452-456. [PMID: 30020857 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2018.4464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell membranes have been identified as an important intracellular cancer treatment target, since the glycoconjugates present on the cell surface are involved in numerous cell functions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality employed in the treatment of tumors that uses visible light to activate a photosensitizer. OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the expression of surface carbohydrates after PDT with two different photosensitizers, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and Photosan-3. METHODS Mice were injected subcutaneously with 2 × 105 B16 cells. After 7-10 days, the presence of a tumor with a diameter of 3.6 mm was observed. Photosan-3® and 5-aminolevulinic acid-ALA were used in the PDT treatment. Control animals (not submitted to either laser treatment or photosensitizer injection) and treated animals were euthanized 15 days post-treatment. The tumors were irradiated with a red diode laser, λ = 655 nm, energy density of 10 J.cm-2, and power density of 45 mW.cm-2. After 2 weeks of treatment with PDT, the mice were euthanized, the tumors were collected, and the cell surfaces were labeled with lectins concanavalin A (ConA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). RESULTS Fluorescence microscopy analysis of the cell surfaces with lectins ConA and WGA showed the presence of α-mannose and α-glucose. CONCLUSIONS The combined effects of either Photosan-3 or ALA and red laser light on melanoma suggest an inhibitory glycosylation action from PDT on the surface of B16-F10 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Kelly de Faria Souza
- 1 Laboratory Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP , São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Chaves Silva Carvalho
- 1 Laboratory Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP , São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Genúncio da Cunha Menezes Costa
- 1 Laboratory Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP , São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Newton Soares da Silva
- 2 Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Tissue, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP , São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pacheco-Soares
- 1 Laboratory Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Institute of Research and Development-IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP , São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Link-Lenczowski P, Bubka M, Balog CIA, Koeleman CAM, Butters TD, Wuhrer M, Lityńska A. The glycomic effect of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III overexpression in metastatic melanoma cells. GnT-III modifies highly branched N-glycans. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:217-231. [PMID: 29502191 PMCID: PMC5916991 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) is known to catalyze N-glycan "bisection" and thereby modulate the formation of highly branched complex structures within the Golgi apparatus. While active, it inhibits the action of other GlcNAc transferases such as GnT-IV and GnT-V. Moreover, GnT-III is considered as an inhibitor of the metastatic potential of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of GnT-III may be more diverse and depend on the cellular context. We describe the detailed glycomic analysis of the effect of GnT-III overexpression in WM266-4-GnT-III metastatic melanoma cells. We used MALDI-TOF and ESI-ion-trap-MS/MS together with HILIC-HPLC of 2-AA labeled N-glycans to study the N-glycome of membrane-attached and secreted proteins. We found that the overexpression of GnT-III in melanoma leads to the modification of a broad range of N-glycan types by the introduction of the "bisecting" GlcNAc residue with highly branched complex structures among them. The presence of these unusual complex N-glycans resulted in stronger interactions of cellular glycoproteins with the PHA-L. Based on the data presented here we conclude that elevated activity of GnT-III in cancer cells does not necessarily lead to a total abrogation of the formation of highly branched glycans. In addition, the modification of pre-existing N-glycans by the introduction of "bisecting" GlcNAc can modulate their capacity to interact with carbohydrate-binding proteins such as plant lectins. Our results suggest further studies on the biological function of "bisected" oligosaccharides in cancer cell biology and their interactions with carbohydrate-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Link-Lenczowski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Michałowskiego 12, 31-126, Kraków, Poland.
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Monika Bubka
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Crina I A Balog
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien A M Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Lityńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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11
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Jian Q, Yang Z, Shu J, Liu X, Zhang J, Li Z. Lectin BS-I inhibits cell migration and invasion via AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:315-329. [PMID: 28922551 PMCID: PMC5742741 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is most common malignant cancer worldwide; however, the mortality rate of HCC remains high due to the invasion and metastasis of HCC. Thus, exploring novel treatments to prevent the invasion of HCC is needed for improving clinical outcome of this fatal disease. In this study, we identified lectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds (BS‐I) binds to metastasis‐associated HCC cell surface glycans by a lectin microarray and inhibits HCC cell migration and invasion through downregulating the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) production. These effects of BS‐I were mediated by inhibiting the activation of AKT/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin pathway and depended on specificity of lectin BS‐I binding to GalNAc. GSK3β inhibitors rescued BS‐I‐mediated inhibition of migration and invasion of HCC cell. Further, we identified that lectin BS‐I interacts with sGrp78, affects membrane localization of sGrp78 and attenuates the binding of sGrp78 and p85 to inhibit the activation of AKT/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin pathway. Overexpression of Grp78 or P85 rescues BS‐I‐mediated inhibition of migration and invasion of HCC cell. These findings demonstrated for the first time that BS‐I can act as a novel potential drug to prevent the invasion of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Jian
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Shu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiawei Liu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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12
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Hoja-Łukowicz D, Przybyło M, Duda M, Pocheć E, Bubka M. On the trail of the glycan codes stored in cancer-related cell adhesion proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3237-3257. [PMID: 27565356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the profile of protein glycosylation are a hallmark of ongoing neoplastic transformation. A unique set of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens expressed on the surface of malignant cells may serve as powerful diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Cell-surface proteins with altered glycosylation affect the growth, proliferation and survival of those cells, and contribute to their acquisition of the ability to migrate and invade. They may also facilitate tumor-induced immunosuppression and the formation of distant metastases. Deciphering the information encoded in these particular glycan portions of glycoconjugates may shed light on the mechanisms of cancer progression and metastasis. A majority of the related review papers have focused on overall changes in the patterns of cell-surface glycans in various cancers, without pinpointing the molecular carriers of these glycan structures. The present review highlights the ways in which particular tumor-associated glycan(s) coupled with a given membrane-bound protein influence neoplastic cell behavior during the development and progression of cancer. We focus on altered glycosylated cell-adhesion molecules belonging to the cadherin, integrin and immunoglobulin-like superfamilies, examined in the context of molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Duda
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Bubka
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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13
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Pocheć E, Ząbczyńska M, Bubka M, Homa J, Lityńska A. β1,6-branched complex-type N-glycans affect FAK signaling in metastatic melanoma cells. Cancer Invest 2016; 34:45-56. [PMID: 26745022 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2015.1102928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-dependent binding of the cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key activator of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway. N-glycosylation of integrins affects their interactions with ECM proteins. Using WM266-4 cells with overexpression of β1,6-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, we showed that β1,6-branched N-glycans increased tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK in metastatic melanoma cells, resulting in enhanced migration on vitronectin (VN). The co-localization of αvβ3 integrin and FAK in focal adhesions of melanoma cells growing on VN indicates their interaction in signal transduction. Melanoma cell migration on VN was mediated by αvβ3 caring overexpressed β1,6-branched structures, important for FAK upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pocheć
- a Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology , Jagiellonian University Krakow , Poland
| | - Marta Ząbczyńska
- a Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology , Jagiellonian University Krakow , Poland
| | - Monika Bubka
- a Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology , Jagiellonian University Krakow , Poland
| | - Joanna Homa
- b Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology , Jagiellonian University Krakow , Poland
| | - Anna Lityńska
- a Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology , Jagiellonian University Krakow , Poland
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14
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Zhou SM, Cheng L, Guo SJ, Wang Y, Czajkowsky DM, Gao H, Hu XF, Tao SC. Lectin RCA-I specifically binds to metastasis-associated cell surface glycans in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:36. [PMID: 25848723 PMCID: PMC4384317 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients often face a high risk of early relapse characterized by extensive metastasis. Previous works have shown that aberrant cell surface glycosylation is associated with cancer metastasis, suggesting that altered glycosylations might serve as diagnostic signatures of metastatic potential. To address this question, we took TNBC as an example and analyzed six TNBC cell lines, derived from a common progenitor, that differ in metastatic potential. Methods We used a microarray with 91 lectins to screen for altered lectin bindings to the six TNBC cell lines. Candidate lectins were then verified by lectin-based flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining assays using both TNBC/non-TNBC cancer cells. Patient-derived tissue microarrays were then employed to analyze whether the staining of Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA-I), correlated with TNBC severity. We also carried out real-time cell motility assays in the presence of RCA-I. Finally, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/tandem spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to identify the membrane glycoproteins recognized by RCA-I. Results Using the lectin microarray, we found that the bindings of RCA-I to TNBC cells are proportional to their metastatic capacity. Tissue microarray experiments showed that the intensity of RCA-I staining is positively correlated with the TNM grades. The real-time cell motility assays clearly demonstrated RCA-I inhibition of adhesion, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells of high metastatic capacity. Additionally, a membrane glycoprotein, POTE ankyrin domain family member F (POTEF), with different galactosylation extents in high/low metastatic TNBC cells was identified by LC-MS/MS as a binder of RCA-I. Conclusions We discovered RCA-I, which bound to TNBC cells to a degree that is proportional to their metastatic capacities, and found that this binding inhibits the cell invasion, migration, and adhesion, and identified a membrane protein, POTEF, which may play a key role in mediating these effects. These results thus indicate that RCA-I-specific cell surface glycoproteins may play a critical role in TNBC metastasis and that the extent of RCA-I cell binding could be used in diagnosis to predict the likelihood of developing metastases in TNBC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0544-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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15
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Bubka M, Link-Lenczowski P, Janik M, Pocheć E, Lityńska A. Overexpression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and V in human melanoma cells. Implications for MCAM N-glycosylation. Biochimie 2014; 103:37-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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16
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Troncoso MF, Ferragut F, Bacigalupo ML, Cárdenas Delgado VM, Nugnes LG, Gentilini L, Laderach D, Wolfenstein-Todel C, Compagno D, Rabinovich GA, Elola MT. Galectin-8: a matricellular lectin with key roles in angiogenesis. Glycobiology 2014; 24:907-14. [PMID: 24939370 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-8 (gal-8) is a "tandem-repeat"-type galectin, containing two carbohydrate recognition domains connected by a linker peptide. gal-8 is expressed both in the cytoplasm and nucleus in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from normal and tumor-associated blood vessels, and in lymphatic endothelial cells. Herein, we describe a novel role for gal-8 in the regulation of vascular and lymphatic angiogenesis and provide evidence of its critical implications in tumor biology. Functional assays revealed central roles for gal-8 in the control of capillary-tube formation, EC migration and in vivo angiogenesis. So far, two endothelial ligands have been described for gal-8, namely podoplanin in lymphatic vessels and CD166 (ALCAM, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule) in vascular ECs. Other related gal-8 functions are also summarized here, including cell adhesion and migration, which collectively demonstrate the multi-functionality of this complex lectin. Thus, gal-8 is an important component of the angiogenesis network, and an essential molecule in the extracellular matrix by providing molecular anchoring to this surrounding matrix. The implications of gal-8 in tumor angiogenesis remain to be further explored, but it is exciting to speculate that modulating gal-8-glycan interactions could be used to block lymphatic-vascular connections vital for metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Troncoso
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - Fátima Ferragut
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - María L Bacigalupo
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - Víctor M Cárdenas Delgado
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - Lorena G Nugnes
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - Lucas Gentilini
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Laderach
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlota Wolfenstein-Todel
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
| | - Daniel Compagno
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María T Elola
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
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17
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Janik ME, Lityńska A, Przybyło M. Studies on primary uveal and cutaneous melanoma cell interaction with vitronectin. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:942-52. [PMID: 24687613 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the diversity between primary uveal (92-1 and Mel202) and cutaneous (FM55P and IGR-39) melanoma cells in their interaction with vitronectin, and established the effect of integrins and β1,6-branched N-oligosaccharides on this process. The adhesion level of uveal melanoma cells to vitronectin was at least twice lower than that of cutaneous ones, but all cells tested repaired scratch wounds on vitronectin-coated surfaces with similar speed. Swainsonine treatment, by reducing the amount of β1,6-branches, significantly decreased cell attachment in all cases, but reduction of wound healing efficiency was compromised only in cutaneous melanoma cell. Functional blocking antibodies used in adhesion and migration assays revealed that integrin αvβ3 was strongly involved in adhesion and migration only in cutaneous melanoma cells, but its role here was less pronounced than that of integrin αvβ5. However, in uveal melanoma the specific anti-αvβ5 integrin antibody had no impact on migration speed. Therefore, the anti-α3β1 integrin antibody was used in order to explain the nature of uveal melanoma interaction with vitronectin, which caused a mild decrease in adhesion efficiency and reduced their motility. Expression of αvβ5 integrin differed between the cell lines, but there was no distinct pattern to distinguish uveal melanoma from cutaneous melanoma. In conclusion, αvβ5, but not αvβ3 integrin is heavily involved in uveal melanoma cell interaction with vitronectin. The role of β1,6-branched N-glycans in the adhesion, but not during migration, of all cells to vitronectin has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Elżbieta Janik
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Kraków, ul. Gronostajowa 9, Poland
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Christiansen MN, Chik J, Lee L, Anugraham M, Abrahams JL, Packer NH. Cell surface protein glycosylation in cancer. Proteomics 2014; 14:525-46. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja N. Christiansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Jenny Chik
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Merrina Anugraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Jodie L. Abrahams
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Nicolle H. Packer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
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Pocheć E, Janik M, Hoja-Łukowicz D, Link-Lenczowski P, Przybyło M, Lityńska A. Expression of integrins α3β1 and α5β1 and GlcNAc β1,6 glycan branching influences metastatic melanoma cell migration on fibronectin. Eur J Cell Biol 2013; 92:355-62. [PMID: 24290991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of metastatic potential is accompanied by changes in cell surface N-glycosylation. One of the best-studied changes is increased expression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V enzyme (GnT-V) and its products, β1,6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides, observed in the tumorigenesis of many cancers. In this study we demonstrate that during the transition from the vertical growth phase (VGP) (WM793 cell line) to the metastatic stage (WM1205Lu line), β1,6 glycosylation of melanoma cell surface proteins increases as a consequence of elevated expression of the GnT-V-encoding Mgat-5 gene. Treatment with swainsonine led to reduced cell motility on fibronectin in both cell lines; the effect was stronger in metastatic cells, probably due to the higher content of GlcNAc β1,6-branched glycans on the main fibronectin receptors - integrins α5β1 and α3β1. Our results show that GlcNAc β1,6 N-glycosylation of cell surface receptors, which increases with the aggressiveness of melanoma cells, is an important factor influencing melanoma cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Marcelina Janik
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Link-Lenczowski
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Lityńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Upregulation of alpha and beta integrin subunits in metastatic macrophage-melanoma fusion hybrids. Melanoma Res 2013; 19:343-9. [PMID: 22760065 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0b013e32832fe121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fusion of cancer cells with migratory bone-marrow-derived cells such as macrophages can produce cancer cells with increased metastatic potential. To study this, we fused mouse macrophages with weakly metastatic mouse melanoma cells and generated a panel of hybrid clones. About half of these showed increased metastatic potential in mice. These hybrids expressed traits and molecules that were known indicators of tumor progression in melanoma (chemotaxis toward fibronectin, melanogenesis, autophagy, cMet, MCR1, SPARC, cell surface LAMP-1, GnT-V and β1,6-branched oligosaccharides). Here, we investigated integrin subunit expression in selected hybrids. Integrins, especially those that are substrates for the glycosyltransferase GnT-V and carriers of β1,6-branched oligosaccharides, play an important role in cell migration. We report increased expression of the integrin subunits α3, α5, α6, αv, β1, and β3 in metastatic hybrids compared with parental melanoma cells and a weakly metastatic hybrid. Notably, each of these subunits is also a substrate for GnT-V. Integrin subunit expression was further increased by inducers of cyclic AMP. Expression of these integrin subunits is a characteristic of macrophages and also associated with progression in melanoma and other cancers. In summary, our studies of macrophage-melanoma hybrids show that several α and β integrin subunits are upregulated in the metastatic lines. This adds further support for the theory that generation of a metastatic phenotype may be initiated through a single event: fusion of migratory bone marrow-derived cells with cancer cells.
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21
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Glycans in melanoma screening. Part 1. The role of β1,6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides in melanoma. Biochem Soc Trans 2011; 39:370-3. [DOI: 10.1042/bst0390370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma, which is one of the most aggressive human tumours, originates from melanin-producing melanocytes. As no effective systemic therapy exists for advanced-stage melanoma, the best chance of recovery remains surgical removal of thin early-stage melanoma. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of malignancy and a well-studied class of β1,6-branched oligosaccharides is associated with malignant transformation of rodent and human cells, and poor prognosis in cancer patients. It is evident that increased β1,6 branching significantly contributes to the phenotype of melanoma cells, influencing the adhesion to extracellular matrix components and motility as well as invasive and metastatic potential. Despite the considerable success in establishing the role of β1,6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides in melanoma biology, there is virtually no progress in using these glycans as a screening tool for the early diagnosis of the disease, or a target-specific therapeutic agent.
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Gorla L, Mondellini P, Cuccuru G, Miccichè F, Cassinelli G, Cremona M, Pierotti MA, Lanzi C, Bongarzone I. Proteomics study of medullary thyroid carcinomas expressing RET germ-line mutations: identification of new signaling elements. Mol Carcinog 2009; 48:220-231. [PMID: 18756447 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics may help to elucidate differential signaling networks underlying the effects of compounds and to identify new therapeutic targets. Using a proteomic-multiplexed analysis of the phosphotyrosine signaling together with antibody-based validation techniques, we identified several candidate molecules for RET (rearranged during transfection) tyrosine kinase receptor carrying mutations responsible for the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and 2B (MEN2A and MEN2B) syndromes in two human medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) cell lines, TT and MZ-CRC-1, which express the RET-MEN2A and RET-MEN2B oncoproteins, respectively. Signaling elements downstream of these oncoproteins were identified after treating cells with the indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitor RPI-1 to knock down RET phosphorylation activity. We detected 23 and 18 affinity-purified phosphotyrosine proteins in untreated TT and MZ-CRC-1 cells, respectively, most of which were shared and sensitive to RPI-1 treatment. However, our data clearly point to specific signaling features of the RET-MEN2A and RET-MEN2B oncogenic pathways. Moreover, the detection of high-level expression of minimally phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in both TT and MZ-CRC-1 cells, together with our data on the effects of EGF stimulation on the proteomic profiles and the response to Gefitinib treatment, suggest the relevance of EGFR signaling in these cell lines, especially since analysis of 14 archival MTC specimens revealed EGFR mRNA expression in all samples. Together, our data suggest that RET/EGFR multi-target inhibitors might be beneficial for therapy of MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gorla
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P Mondellini
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Cuccuru
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - F Miccichè
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Cassinelli
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Cremona
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M A Pierotti
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.,The Firc Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - C Lanzi
- Preclinical Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - I Bongarzone
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Ricart AD, Tolcher AW, Liu G, Holen K, Schwartz G, Albertini M, Weiss G, Yazji S, Ng C, Wilding G. Volociximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody that specifically binds alpha5beta1 integrin: a phase I, pharmacokinetic, and biological correlative study. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 14:7924-9. [PMID: 19047123 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of administering volociximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to alpha(5)beta(1) integrin, and to determine the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of volociximab i.v. administered over 60 minutes. Blood samples were assayed to determine plasma pharmacokinetic parameters, detect human antichimeric antibody formation, and determine the saturation of alpha5beta1 sites on peripheral blood monocytes. RESULTS Twenty-one patients received 223 infusions of volociximab at doses ranging from 0.5 to 15 mg/kg i.v. on days 1, 15, 22, 29, and 36; and weekly thereafter. Treatment was well tolerated, and dose-limiting toxicity was not identified over the range examined. Mild (grade 1 or 2), reversible fatigue was the principal toxicity of volociximab at the highest dose levels of 10 and 15 mg/kg. Nausea, fever, anorexia, headache, vomiting, and myalgias were mild and infrequent, and there was no hematologic toxicity. Volociximab had biexponential distribution; clearance was inversely related to increasing dose, and the half-life at 15 mg/kg was estimated as being 30 days. Three patients tested positive for anti-volociximab antibodies. Saturation of monocyte alpha5beta1 integrin sites was dose-dependent up to 15 mg/kg. There was one minor response (renal, 7 months) and one durable stable disease (melanoma, 14 months). CONCLUSIONS Volociximab can be safely administered at 15 mg/kg i.v. per week. The absence of severe toxicities and preliminary activity at the highest dose level warrants further disease-directed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro D Ricart
- Institute for Drug Development, Cancer Therapy and Research Center and The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
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Abstract
The cause of metastasis remains elusive despite vast information on cancer cells. We posit that cancer cell fusion with macrophages or other migratory bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) provides an explanation. BMDCs fused with tumor cells were present in animal tumor xenografts where they were associated with metastases. In myeloma patients, transcriptionally active myeloma nuclei were incorporated into osteoclasts through fusion. In patients with renal cell carcinoma arising poststem cell transplant, donor genes were incorporated in recipient cancer cell nuclei, most likely through fusion, and showed tumor distribution patterns characteristic of cancer stem cells. Melanoma-macrophage hybrids generated in vitro contained chromosomes from both parental partners, showed increased ploidy, and transcribed and translated genes from both parents. They exhibited chemotactic migration in vitro toward fibronectin and exhibited high frequencies of metastasis when implanted in mice. They produced macromolecules that are characteristic of macrophages and known indicators of metastasis (c-Met, SPARC, MCR1, GnT-V, and the integrin subunits alpha(3), alpha(5), alpha(6), alpha(v), beta(1), beta(3)). They also produced high levels of beta1,6-branched oligosaccharides-predictors of poor survival in patients with melanoma or carcinomas of the breast, lung, and colon. We thus hypothesize that such gene expression patterns in cancer are generated through fusion. Tumor hybrids also showed active autophagy, a characteristic of both metastatic cancers and macrophages. BMDC-tumor cell fusion explains epidermal-mesenchymal transition in cancer since BMDCs express mesodermal traits and epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators (Twist, SPARC, and others). If BMDC-tumor cell fusion underlies invasion and metastasis in human cancer, new approaches for therapeutic intervention would be mandated.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Pawelek
- Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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25
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Kremser ME, Przybyło M, Hoja-Łukowicz D, Pocheć E, Amoresano A, Carpentieri A, Bubka M, Lityńska A. Characterisation of alpha3beta1 and alpha(v)beta3 integrin N-oligosaccharides in metastatic melanoma WM9 and WM239 cell lines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2008; 1780:1421-31. [PMID: 18755246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
It is well documented that glycan synthesis is altered in some pathological processes, including cancer. The most frequently observed alterations during tumourigenesis are extensive expression of beta1,6-branched complex type N-glycans, the presence of poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures, and high sialylation of cell surface glycoproteins. This study investigated two integrins, alpha3beta1 and alpha(v)beta3, whose expression is closely related to cancer progression. Their oligosaccharide structures in two metastatic melanoma cell lines (WM9, WM239) were analysed with the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry. Both examined integrins possessed heavily sialylated and fucosylated glycans, with beta1,6-branches and short polylactosamine chains. In WM9 cells, alpha3beta1 integrin was more variously glycosylated than alpha(v)beta3; in WM239 cells the situation was the reverse. Functional studies (wound healing and ELISA integrin binding assays) revealed that the N-oligosaccharide component of the tested integrins influenced melanoma cell migration on vitronectin and alpha3beta1 integrin binding to laminin-5. Additionally, more variously glycosylated integrins exerted a stronger influence on these parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning structural characterisation of alpha(v)beta3 integrin glycans in melanoma or in any cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina E Kremser
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 6, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
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26
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Pawelek JM, Chakraborty AK. Fusion of tumour cells with bone marrow-derived cells: a unifying explanation for metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 2008; 8:377-86. [PMID: 18385683 DOI: 10.1038/nrc2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The causes of metastasis remain elusive despite vast information on cancer cells. We posit that cancer cell fusion with macrophages or other migratory bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) provides an explanation. BMDC-tumour hybrids have been detected in numerous animal models and recently in human cancer. Molecular studies indicate that gene expression in such hybrids reflects a metastatic phenotype. Should BMDC-tumour fusion be found to underlie invasion and metastasis in human cancer, new approaches for therapy would surely follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Pawelek
- Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-08059, USA.
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27
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Przybyło M, Martuszewska D, Pocheć E, Hoja-Łukowicz D, Lityńska A. Identification of proteins bearing beta1-6 branched N-glycans in human melanoma cell lines from different progression stages by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2007; 1770:1427-35. [PMID: 17600626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The common structural alterations in the cell-surface glycoproteins concern the highly elevated expression of tri- and tetra-antennary beta1-6-N-acetylglucosamine (beta1-6 GlcNAc) bearing N-glycans, which are recognised by Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (PHA-L). In this report we identified proteins bearing beta1-6 GlcNAc branched N-glycans in three human melanoma cell lines: WM35--from the primary tumour site, as well as WM239 and WM9 from different metastatic sites: the skin and the lymph node, respectively, by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) on PHA-L agarose bound material, followed by immunochemical identification. Our results show that melanoma cell lines differ from each other in the number of N-glycoproteins bearing beta1-6 GlcNAc branched oligosaccharides. Among identified proteins the largest group consists of integrin subunits. In addition, L1-CAM, Mac-2 binding protein, melanoma cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule, melanoma associated antigen, tumour rejection antigen-1, melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 and lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP-1) were found. It was indicated that WM35 cell line showed the lowest number of proteins possessing beta1-6 GlcNAc branched N-glycans in comparison to metastatic WM9 and WM239 cell lines. Our data suggest that changes in the number of proteins being a substrate for GlcNAc-TV are better correlated with melanoma development and progression than with expression of cell adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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28
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Park YP, Choi SC, Kim JH, Song EY, Kim JW, Yoon DY, Yeom YI, Lim JS, Kim JW, Paik SG, Lee HG. Up-regulation of Mac-2 binding protein by hTERT in gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 2007; 120:813-20. [PMID: 17131321 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2BP) is a secreted tumor antigen that is elevated in many cancers and implicated in tumor metastasis, as well as cell adhesion and immune functions. We focused on the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) induced Mac-2BP expression and the relationship between Mac-2BP expression and the progression of gastric cancer. A cDNA expression array analysis was performed on the telomerase-negative cell line, SW13, which was engineered to overexpress hTERT when compared with the parental SW13 cell. hTERT-induced Mac-2BP expression was confirmed via RT-PCR and Northern blotting. ELISA and flow cytometric analyses revealed that Mac-2BP protein was increased by 2- to 4-fold in hTERT-overexpressing cells compared with the mock control. Mac-2BP expression was significantly reduced when the overexpressed hTERT was neutralized by the introduction of hTERT-specific siRNA. These results suggest that Mac-2BP expression is modulated by hTERT. Mac-2BP levels in both gastric cancer cells and tumor tissues were determined via Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Mac-2BP protein was highly expressed in most gastric cancer cell lines, and gastric tumor tissues were stained more densely than normal tissues. The intracellular and secreted Mac-2BP levels were also evaluated via ELISA, indicating that Mac-2BP was expressed and secreted more abundantly in gastric cancer patients than in healthy donors. The elevated serum Mac-2BP level in gastric tumor patients was also significantly associated with distant metastasis (p = 0.05) and higher tumor stage (p = 0.04). Our findings suggest that Mac-2BP is induced by hTERT, and that it may prove to be a useful prognostic marker for the detection of malignant progression of metastatic stomach cancers.
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29
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Valencia JC, Rouzaud F, Julien S, Chen KG, Passeron T, Yamaguchi Y, Abu-Asab M, Tsokos M, Costin GE, Yamaguchi H, Jenkins LMM, Nagashima K, Appella E, Hearing VJ. Sialylated core 1 O-glycans influence the sorting of Pmel17/gp100 and determine its capacity to form fibrils. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:11266-80. [PMID: 17303571 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m608449200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pmel17 is a melanocyte/melanoma-specific protein that is essential for the maturation of melanosomes to form mature, fibrillar, and pigmented organelles. Recently, we reported that the less glycosylated form of Pmel17 (termed iPmel17) is sorted via the plasma membrane in a manner distinct from mature Pmel17 (termed mPmel17), which is sorted directly to melanosomes. To clarify the mechanism(s) underlying the distinct processing and sorting of Pmel17, we generated a highly specific antibody (termed alphaPEP25h) against an epitope within the repeat domain of Pmel17 that is sensitive to changes in O-glycosylation. alphaPEP25h recognizes only iPmel17 and allows analysis of the processing and sorting of iPmel17 when compared with alphaPEP13h, an antibody that recognizes both iPmel17 and mPmel17. Our novel findings using alphaPEP25h demonstrate that iPmel17 differs from mPmel17 not only in its sensitivity to endoglycosidase H, but also in the content of core 1 O-glycans modified with sialic acid. This evidence reveals that iPmel17 is glycosylated differently in the Golgi and that it is sorted through the secretory pathway. Analysis of Pmel17 processing in glycosylation-deficient mutant cells reveals that Pmel17 lacking the correct addition of sialic acid and galactose loses the ability to form fibrils. Furthermore, we show that addition of sialic acid affects the stability and sorting of Pmel17 and reduces pigmentation. Alterations in sialyltransferase activity and substrates differ between normal and transformed melanocytes and may represent a critical change during malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Valencia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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30
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Abstract
A critical feature in the sequence of events occurring during carcinogenesis is the development of irreversibility. The term "Interlocker" is used here to denote a mechanism by which irreversibility is brought about. The presentation focuses on conceptualizations of such processes. Two will be described below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee W Wattenberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Wielgat P, Walczuk U, Szajda S, Bień M, Zimnoch L, Mariak Z, Zwierz K. Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in human gliomas. J Neurooncol 2006; 80:243-9. [PMID: 16710745 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-006-9188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a lot of data suggesting that modifications of cell glycoconjugates may be important in progression of cancer. In the present work we studied activities of lysosomal exoglycosidases: beta-hexosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B, beta-galactosidase and alpha-mannosidase, in human gliomas. Enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically based on the release of p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl-derivative of appropriate sugars. The activities of the exoglycosidases tested were significantly higher in malignant glial tumors than in control tissue (normal brain tissue) and non-glial tumors. The highest activities of exoglycosidases were observed in high-grade gliomas, and a positive correlation of enzyme activities and degree of malignancy was noted. Our results suggest that lysosomal exoglycosidases may participate in the progression and dynamical development of glial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wielgat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A , 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
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Litynska A, Przybylo M, Pochec E, Kremser E, Hoja-Lukowicz D, Sulowska U. Does glycosylation of melanoma cells influence their interactions with fibronectin? Biochimie 2006; 88:527-34. [PMID: 16380202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2005.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/28/2005] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface integrins, especially those binding to fibronectin (FN), participate in processes of tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Changes in glycosylation of cell surface adhesion proteins are often associated with malignant transformation of cells. In this study we examined the influence of swainsonine (SW) on adhesion, wound healing and haptotactic migration on FN, comparing the responses of different human melanoma cell lines: primary WM35 and metastatic WM9, WM239 and A375. We also examined the role of alpha subunits in adhesion to FN. All of the antibodies inhibited adhesion to FN but with different efficiencies depending on the cell line. Adhesion was mediated mainly by integrin alpha(5)beta(1) (WM9, A375), alpha(3)beta(1) (WM35, A375, WM239). Scratch wound repair was significantly faster on FN-coated wells than on plastic for all cells except for WM9. A375 and WM9 had the greatest migration ability, both expressing the highest level of alpha(5)beta(1) integrin. It seems very likely that adhesion to FN can be accomplished by many different integrins, but for effective migration alpha(5)beta(1) integrin is responsible. Only A375 and WM239 cell lines reacted to SW treatment. In the presence of SW WM239 and A375 cells had 70% and 40% increased adhesion to FN, and their migration was decreased 40% and 50%, respectively. Interestingly, although most of the cell lines share a common profile of integrins, each line interacted with FN differently. They differed mainly in the repertoire of integrins used for adhesion, and in the manner in which glycosylation affected these processes. The influence of SW was observed in two metastatic cell lines indicating the contribution of glycosylation status to the progression of melanoma. The lack of reaction to SW in WM9 cells may suggest that there is a threshold in the expression level of the highly branched N-glycans that may influence the adhesion and migration properties of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Litynska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, 6 Ingardena Street, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Watanabe T, Ihara H, Miyoshi E, Honke K, Taniguchi N, Taguchi T. A specific detection of GlcNAcbeta1-6Manalpha1 branches in N-linked glycoproteins based on the specificity of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase VI. Glycobiology 2006; 16:431-9. [PMID: 16428802 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwj079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation is often accompanied by an aberrant glycosylation profile of the cell surface-in particular, the production of GlcNAcbeta1-6Manalpha1 branches in N-linked glycoproteins. To identify the target glycoproteins, we show a method using recombinant chicken N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase VI (GnT VI) and radiolabeled uridine (5'-)diphosphate-GlcNAc. The assay exploits the fact that GnT VI has a strict requirement for the GlcNAcbeta1-6Manalpha1 structure for activity, when a pyridylaminated free N-glycan is used as the acceptor substrate. Human asialo-agalacto alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), which is known to contain GlcNAcbeta1-6Manalpha1 branches in its N-linked glycan chains, was radiolabeled when reacted with GnT VI, whereas human asialo-agalacto transferrin and bovine fetuin, neither of which contains a GlcNAcbeta1-6Manalpha1 structure were not, thus corroborating the specificity of the assay. Several proteins from human serum after pretreatment with sialidase and beta-galactosidase could be detected using the assay. One was identified as AGP from its mobility on SDS-PAGE, demonstrating the potential of this assay even with crude materials. Furthermore, this method could detect a protein that was also positively stained with leukoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin (L(4)-PHA) using glycoproteins prepared from WiDr human colon cancer cells. This method should provide a useful complement to the current method, which relies on the specificity of L(4)-PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Laidler P, Lityńska A, Hoja-Łukowicz D, Łabedz M, Przybyło M, Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka D, Pocheć E, Trebacz E, Kremser E. Characterization of glycosylation and adherent properties of melanoma cell lines. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2006; 55:112-8. [PMID: 16075194 PMCID: PMC11030729 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-005-0019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2004] [Accepted: 04/24/2005] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The repertoire of oligosaccharide components of cellular glycoproteins significantly contributes to cell adhesion and communication. In tumor cells, alteration in cellular glycosylation may play a key role in giving rise to invasive and metastatic potential. Over 100 melanoma cell lines deposited in the ESTDAB Melanoma Cell Bank (Tubingen, Germany) were studied for the characteristic glycan composition related to tumor progression. Analysis of: (1) cell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins--fibronectin, laminin, and collagen; (2) the expression of selected glycosyltransferases--alpha2,3(Gal beta1,3)- and alpha2,3(Gal beta1,4)-sialyltransferases, alpha1,2- and alpha1,3-fucosyltransferases, and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V; (3) characterization of N-glycans was carried out on uveal (4), primary cutaneous (6), and metastatic (96) melanoma cell lines. Results showed that uveal cells did not adhere to any of the substrates and, in general, possessed less glycans containing alpha-2,6- and alpha-2,3-linked sialic acid. The average number of polypeptides bearing beta-1,6-branched tri- and tetra antennary glycans (characteristic of the metastatic phenotype) were similar in uveal, primary cutaneous, and metastatic melanoma cell lines. Characterization of N-glycans may open a new perspective in the search for specific glycoproteins that could become targets for the therapeutic modulation of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Laidler
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
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