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Mosneag IE, Flaherty SM, Wykes RC, Allan SM. Stroke and Translational Research - Review of Experimental Models with a Focus on Awake Ischaemic Induction and Anaesthesia. Neuroscience 2024; 550:89-101. [PMID: 38065289 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are an indispensable tool in the study of ischaemic stroke with hundreds of drugs emerging from the preclinical pipeline. However, all of these drugs have failed to translate into successful treatments in the clinic. This has brought into focus the need to enhance preclinical studies to improve translation. The confounding effects of anaesthesia on preclinical stroke modelling has been raised as an important consideration. Various volatile and injectable anaesthetics are used in preclinical models during stroke induction and for outcome measurements such as imaging or electrophysiology. However, anaesthetics modulate several pathways essential in the pathophysiology of stroke in a dose and drug dependent manner. Most notably, anaesthesia has significant modulatory effects on cerebral blood flow, metabolism, spreading depolarizations, and neurovascular coupling. To minimise anaesthetic complications and improve translational relevance, awake stroke induction has been attempted in limited models. This review outlines anaesthetic strategies employed in preclinical ischaemic rodent models and their reported cerebral effects. Stroke related complications are also addressed with a focus on infarct volume, neurological deficits, and thrombolysis efficacy. We also summarise routinely used focal ischaemic stroke rodent models and discuss the attempts to induce some of these models in awake rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Emilia Mosneag
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Samuel M Flaherty
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C Wykes
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Li J, Xu P, Hong Y, Xie Y, Peng M, Sun R, Guo H, Zhang X, Zhu W, Wang J, Liu X. Lipocalin-2-mediated astrocyte pyroptosis promotes neuroinflammatory injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:148. [PMID: 37353794 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is a vital pathophysiological process during ischemic stroke. Activated astrocytes play a major role in inflammation. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), secreted by activated astrocytes, promotes neuroinflammation. Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death that has emerged as a new area of research in stroke. Nevertheless, the potential role of LCN2 in astrocyte pyroptosis remains unclear. METHODS An ischemic stroke model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in vivo. In this study, in vitro, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (O/R) were applied to cultured astrocytes. 24p3R (the LCN2 receptor) was inhibited by astrocyte-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV-GFAP-24p3Ri). MCC950 and Nigericin sodium salt (Nig) were used to inhibit or promote the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome pharmacologically, respectively. Histological and biochemical analyses were performed to assess astrocyte and neuron death. Additionally, the neurological deficits of mice were evaluated. RESULTS LCN2 expression was significantly induced in astrocytes 24 h after stroke onset in the mouse MCAO model. Lcn2 knockout (Lcn2-/-) mice exhibited reduced infarct volume and improved neurological and cognitive functions after MCAO. LCN2 and its receptor 24p3R were colocalized in astrocytes. Mechanistically, suppression of 24p3R by AAV-GFAP-24p3Ri alleviated pyroptosis-related pore formation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines via LCN2, which was then reversed by Nig-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Astrocyte pyroptosis was exacerbated in Lcn2-/- mice by intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant LCN2 (rLCN2), while this aggravation was restricted by blocking 24p3R or inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation with MCC950. CONCLUSION LCN2/24p3R mediates astrocyte pyroptosis via NLRP3 inflammasome activation following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanji Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongquan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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Fedorov A, Lehto A, Klein J. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by general anesthetic drugs. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:375-381. [PMID: 36385685 PMCID: PMC9832080 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
General anesthetic drugs have been associated with various unwanted effects including an interference with mitochondrial function. We had previously observed increases of lactate formation in the mouse brain during anesthesia with volatile anesthetic agents. In the present work, we used mitochondria that were freshly isolated from mouse brain to test mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis in the presence of six common anesthetic drugs. The volatile anesthetics isoflurane, halothane, and (to a lesser extent) sevoflurane caused an inhibition of complex I of the electron transport chain in a dose-dependent manner. Significant effects were seen at concentrations that are reached under clinical conditions (< 0.5 mM). Pentobarbital and propofol also inhibited complex I but at concentrations that were two-fold higher than clinical EC50 values. Only propofol caused an inhibition of complex II. Complex IV respiration was not affected by either agent. Ketamine did not affect mitochondrial respiration. Similarly, all anesthetic agents except ketamine suppressed ATP production at high concentrations. Only halothane increased cytochrome c release indicating damage of the mitochondrial membrane. In summary, volatile general anesthetic agents as well as pentobarbital and propofol dose-dependently inhibit mitochondrial respiration. This action may contribute to depressive actions of the drugs in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Fedorov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-Von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alina Lehto
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-Von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Klein
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-Von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Li F, Mao Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Lv X, Wu B, Yan T, Jia Y. Salidroside inhibited cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via Nrf2/Trx1 signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2965-2978. [PMID: 35976554 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) is still a serious problem threatening human health. Salidroside (SAL) is a natural phenylpropanoid glycoside compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ischemic properties. This study investigated the protective mechanism of SAL on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)- and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model-induced CIRI via regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) axis. The results indicated that SAL (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) not only effectively alleviated infarction rate, improved histopathological changes, relieved apoptosis by strengthening the suppression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 proteins and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, but also increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and upregulated the expressions of Nrf2 and Trx1 on MCAO-induced CIRI rats. SAL also efficiently inhibited apoptosis and decreased oxidative stress in OGD/R-stimulated PC12 cells. Furthermore, blocking the Nrf2/Trx1 pathway using tretinoin, an Nrf2 inhibitor, significantly reversed the protective effect of SAL on OGD/R-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, SAL reduced the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family proteins. These results demonstrated that SAL inhibited oxidative stress through Nrf2/Trx1 signaling pathway, and subsequently reduced CIRI-induced apoptosis by inhibiting ASK1/MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qianqian Mao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyan Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China.
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China.
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Sevoflurane Effects on Neuronal Energy Metabolism Correlate with Activity States While Mitochondrial Function Remains Intact. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063037. [PMID: 35328453 PMCID: PMC8949020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During general anesthesia, alterations in neuronal metabolism may induce neurotoxicity and/or neuroprotection depending on the dose and type of the applied anesthetic. In this study, we investigate the effects of clinically relevant concentrations of sevoflurane (2% and 4%, i.e., 1 and 2 MAC) on different activity states in hippocampal slices of young Wistar rats. We combine electrophysiological recordings, partial tissue oxygen (ptiO2) measurements, and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) imaging with computational modeling. Sevoflurane minimally decreased the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) while decreasing synaptic transmission in naive slices. During pharmacologically induced gamma oscillations, sevoflurane impaired network activity, thereby decreasing CMRO2. During stimulus-induced neuronal activation, sevoflurane decreased CMRO2 and excitability while basal metabolism remained constant. In this line, stimulus-induced FAD transients decreased without changes in basal mitochondrial redox state. Integration of experimental data and computer modeling revealed no evidence for a direct effect of sevoflurane on key enzymes of the citric acid cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. Clinically relevant concentrations of sevoflurane generated a decent decrease in energy metabolism, which was proportional to the present neuronal activity. Mitochondrial function remained intact under sevoflurane, suggesting a better metabolic profile than isoflurane or propofol.
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Jurcau A, Ardelean AI. Oxidative Stress in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuries following Acute Ischemic Stroke. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030574. [PMID: 35327376 PMCID: PMC8945353 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recanalization therapy is increasingly used in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, in about one third of these patients, recanalization is followed by ischemia/reperfusion injuries, and clinically to worsening of the neurological status. Much research has focused on unraveling the involved mechanisms in order to prevent or efficiently treat these injuries. What we know so far is that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, despite promising results obtained in experimental research, clinical studies trying to interfere with the oxidative pathways have mostly failed. The current article discusses the main mechanisms leading to ischemia/reperfusion injuries, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress, and reviews the clinical trials with antioxidant molecules highlighting recent developments and future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Municipal Hospital Oradea, Louis Pasteur Street nr 26, 410054 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744-600-833
| | - Adriana Ioana Ardelean
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universitatii Street nr 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Oradea, Gh. Doja Street nr 65, 410169 Oradea, Romania
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7
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Xie Y, Zhang X, Xu P, Zhao N, Zhao Y, Li Y, Hong Y, Peng M, Yuan K, Wan T, Sun R, Chen D, Xu L, Chen J, Guo H, Shan W, Li J, Li R, Xiong Y, Liu D, Wang Y, Liu G, Ye R, Liu X. Aberrant oligodendroglial LDL receptor orchestrates demyelination in chronic cerebral ischemia. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:128114. [PMID: 33141760 DOI: 10.1172/jci128114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes express low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to endocytose cholesterol for the maintenance of adulthood myelination. However, the potential role of LDLR in chronic cerebral ischemia-related demyelination remains unclear. We used bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to induce sustained cerebral ischemia in mice. This hypoxic-ischemic injury caused a remarkable decrease in oligodendroglial LDLR, with impaired oligodendroglial differentiation and survival. Oligodendroglial cholesterol levels, however, remained unchanged. Mouse miR-344e-3p and the human homolog miR-410-3p, 2 miRNAs directly targeting Ldlr, were identified in experimental and clinical leukoaraiosis and were thus implicated in the LDLR reduction. Lentiviral delivery of LDLR ameliorated demyelination following chronic cerebral ischemia. By contrast, Ldlr-/- mice displayed inadequate myelination in the corpus callosum. Ldlr-/- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) exhibited reduced ability to differentiate and myelinate axons in vitro. Transplantation with Ldlr-/- OPCs could not rescue the BCAS-induced demyelination. Such LDLR-dependent myelin restoration might involve a physical interaction of the Asn-Pro-Val-Tyr (NPVY) motif with the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Shc, which subsequently activated the MEK/ERK pathway. Together, our findings demonstrate that the aberrant oligodendroglial LDLR in chronic cerebral ischemia impairs myelination through intracellular signal transduction. Preservation of oligodendroglial LDLR may provide a promising approach to treat ischemic demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nana Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunzi Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Wan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deyan Chen
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongquan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanying Shan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juanji Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyun Xiong
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dezhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - George Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Xu K, Zhang Y. Down-regulation of NAA10 mediates the neuroprotection induced by sevoflurane preconditioning via regulating ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Neurosci Lett 2021; 755:135897. [PMID: 33872734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, the regulation mechanism of NAA10 (N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase 10) in sevoflurane preconditioning induced neuroprotective effect was explored. METHODS Firstly, si-NAA10 or negative control (NC) were constructed for cell transfection and injected into intracerebroventricular of rats. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in vitro and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in vivo were established to simulate cerebral I/R injury. QRT-PCR analysis and western blotting assay were performed to assess the expression of NAA10. TTC staining, neurological evaluation and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) were performed to evaluate the effect of NAA10 on sevoflurane induced neuroprotection. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS It showed that sevoflurane preconditioning increased the expression of NAA10 in MCAO rats. TTC staining, TUNEL assay and neurological evaluation results suggested that si-NAA10 attenuated the neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane preconditioning against MCAO. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and western blot results showed that NAA10 mediated sevoflurane preconditioning-induced neuroprotection in vitro. Furthermore, western blot results showed that down-regulation of NAA10 could reverse the attenuation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by sevoflurane preconditioning in vivo or in vitro. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of NAA10 regulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation mediating sevoflurane preconditioning induced neuroprotective effects. The results revealed the regulatory mechanism of NAA10 in the neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuibin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, China.
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9
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Wang L, Zhao Y, Gang S, Geng T, Li M, Xu L, Zhang X, Liu L, Xie Y, Ye R, Liu X. Inhibition of miR-103-3p Preserves Neurovascular Integrity Through Caveolin-1 in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2021; 461:91-101. [PMID: 33722672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a constitutive structural protein of caveolae in the plasma membrane. It plays an important role in maintaining blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In this study, we identified that miR-103-3p, a hypoxia-responsive miRNA, could interact with Cav-1. In endothelial cells, miR-103-3p mimic diminished the expression of Cav-1 and tight junction proteins, which were rescued by the inhibition of miR-103-3p. We found a substantial increase of miR-103-3p and decease of Cav-1 in the rat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. Pre-SAH intracerebroventricularly injection of miR-103-3p antagomir relieved Cav-1 loss, sequentially reduced BBB permeability and improved neurological function. Finally, we demonstrated that the salutary effects of miR-103-3p antagomir were abolished in Cav-1 knock-out mice, suggesting that Cav-1 was required for the miR-103-3p inhibition-induced neurovascular protection. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibition of miR-103-3p could exert neuroprotective effects through preservation of Cav-1 and BBB integrity, making miR-103-3p a novel therapeutic target for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shucheng Gang
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongchao Geng
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingquan Li
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) regulates NLRP3-mediated neuronal pyroptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:330. [PMID: 33153475 PMCID: PMC7643474 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory response has been recognized as a pivotal pathophysiological process during cerebral ischemic stroke. NLRP3 inflammasome, involved in the regulation of inflammatory cascade, can simultaneously lead to GSDMD-executed pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), responsible for cholesterol uptake, was noted to exert potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Nevertheless, the role of LDLR in neuroinflammation mobilized by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has not been investigated. METHODS Ischemic stroke mice model was accomplished by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxygen-glucose deprivation was employed after primary cortical neuron was extracted and cultured. A pharmacological inhibitor of NLRP3 (CY-09) was administered to suppress NLPR3 activation. Histological and biochemical analysis were performed to assess the neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, neurological deficits and behavioral deterioration were evaluated in mice. RESULTS The expression of LDLR was downregulated following cerebral I/R injury. Genetic knockout of Ldlr enhanced caspase-1-dependent cleavage of GSDMD and resulted in severe neuronal pyroptosis. LDLR deficiency contributed to excessive NLRP3-mediated maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18 under in vitro and in vivo ischemic conditions. These influences ultimately led to aggravated neurological deficits and long-term cognitive dysfunction. Blockade of NLRP3 substantially retarded neuronal pyroptosis in Ldlr-/- mice and cultured Ldlr-/- neuron after experimental stroke. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that LDLR modulates NLRP3-mediated neuronal pyroptosis and neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke. Our findings characterize a novel role for LDLR as a potential therapeutic target in neuroinflammatory responses to acute cerebral ischemic injury.
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11
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Zhang L, Huang L, Wang J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Hu X. Sevoflurane postconditioning improves spatial learning and memory ability involving mitochondrial permeability transition pore in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation rats. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01501. [PMID: 31833229 PMCID: PMC6955830 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic shock induces the cognitive deficiency. Sevoflurane postconditioning has been documented to provide neuroprotection against ischemic-reperfusion injury by suppressing apoptosis. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) plays an important role in apoptosis, but it is unknown if the protective effect of sevoflurane postconditioning on hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation is associated with the change of mPTP opening. Hence, the aim of the study was to find out the precise mechanism of the sevoflurane postconditioning. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to hemorrhage shock for 60 min and then exposed to 2.4% sevoflurane for 30 min at the instant of reperfusion. Additionally, an opener (atractyloside) or an inhibitor (cyclosporine A) of mPTP was used in the animal model before sevoflurane postconditioning. Rats were randomly assigned into groups of Sham, Shock, Shock+Sevoflurane, Shock+Atractyloside, Shock+Sevoflurane+Atractyloside, Shock+Cyclosporin A, and Shock+Sevoflurane+Cyclosporin A treatment. Rat behavior was assessed for 5 days by Morris water maze 72 hr after surgery, and then hippocampus CA1 region was immunohistochemically stained. Brains were harvested 24 hr after surgery to detect the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome C by Western blot, the changes of mPTP opening, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS We found that sevoflurane postconditioning significantly improved rats' spatial learning and memory ability, down-regulated the expression of Bax, cytochrome C, and caspase-3, up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, decreased the mPTP opening, and increased the MMP. The neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane postconditioning was abolished by atractyloside, but cyclosporin A played the similar protective role as sevoflurane postconditioning. CONCLUSION These findings proved that sevoflurane postconditioning improved spatial learning and memory ability in hemorrhage shock and resuscitation rats, the mechanism of which may be related to block mPTP opening, increase MMP, and reduce neuron apoptosis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lu'an Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Jingxian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lu'an Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Muchun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Fu D, Shen J, Shi H. Sevoflurane suppresses oxidation-induced stress and inflammatory responses, via promotion of Nrf2-induced antioxidant signaling. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1729868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Deshui Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jufang Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Fukuda M, Ando N, Sugasawa Y, Inoue R, Nakauchi S, Miura M, Nishimura K. Volatile anesthetic sevoflurane pretreatment alleviates hypoxia‐induced potentiation of excitatory inputs to striatal medium spiny neurons of mice. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:3520-3530. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Fukuda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Nozomi Ando
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yusuke Sugasawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Ritsuko Inoue
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Sakura Nakauchi
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Masami Miura
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Kinya Nishimura
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
- Neurophysiology Research Group Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
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14
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Cai M, Yang Q, Li G, Sun S, Chen Y, Tian L, Dong H. Activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 is involved in protection against mitochondrial dysfunction and cerebral ischaemic tolerance induced by isoflurane preconditioning. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:1213-1223. [PMID: 29045576 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Isoflurane preconditioning (IPC) induces cerebral ischaemic tolerance, but the mechanism remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine changes in mitochondrial function in the brain after IPC, and whether the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) could be involved in the mechanism of mitochondrial protection mediated by IPC. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with isoflurane 2% for 1 h day -1 , for 5 days consecutively, and then subjected to 120 min right middle cerebral artery occlusion. Cannabinoid receptor 1 expression in the cellular and mitochondrial membrane was measured. The CB1R agonist HU-210 was administered alone, or the antagonists AM251 and SR141716A were given to the animals before each preconditioning. Neurological scores, infarct volume, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function were examined after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results Expression of CB1R on cellular and mitochondrial membranes was increased 6 h after preconditioning. Both IPC and HU-210 administration before middle cerebral artery occlusion improved neurological outcomes and reduced infarct volume. Isoflurane preconditioning increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X L and reduced apoptosis in neurones. Isoflurane preconditioning and HU-210 also markedly preserved the activity of respiratory chain complexes, reduced mitochondrial radical generation, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonists abolished the improvement in mitochondrial function and the neuroprotective effects induced by IPC. Conclusions Our results indicate that IPC elicits brain ischaemic tolerance and mitochondrial protection by activating the CB1R, which provides a new mechanism for IPC-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cai
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Q Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - G Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - S Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - L Tian
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - H Dong
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
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15
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Zhang WF, Jin YC, Li XM, Yang Z, Wang D, Cui JJ. Protective effects of leptin against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3282-3290. [PMID: 30988703 PMCID: PMC6447799 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of thrombolytic therapy for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury has resulted in damage to the self-regulatory mechanisms of the brain. This is due to the increased production of free radicals, excitatory amino acids and pro-inflammatory cytokines causing secondary damage to the brain. Simple thrombolytic therapy has not been the best approach for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury. Excessive perfusion leads to failure of the body's self-regulatory functions, which in turn increases the area of cerebral edema and aggravates cerebral ischemia. Previous studies have evaluated the satiety hormone leptin as a link between energy expenditure and obesity. Of note, leptin, which is involved in brain development, synaptic transmission and angiogenesis following ischemia/reperfusion injury, has been considered an important factor for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present review outlines the discovery of leptin and discusses its association with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Chuan Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Cui
- Department of Medical Affairs, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
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16
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Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening contributes to cannabinoid type 1 receptor agonist ACEA-induced neuroprotection. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:211-222. [PMID: 29574098 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA) induces neuroprotection against brain ischemia, and the mechanism, however, is still elusive. In this study, we used bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) in mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in primary cultured neurons to mimic brain ischemic injury, and hypothesized that cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist ACEA protects ischemic neurons via inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). In vivo, we found that BCCAO treatment reduced the neurological functions, increased the number of apoptotic neuronal cells and deteriorated the mitochondrial morphology in the ischemic brain tissue. And in vitro, we observed that OGD injury reduced cell viability, mitochondrial function and anti-oxidant SOD2 expression, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), mitochondrial cytochrome C (Cyto C) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) releases, elevated the cell apoptosis and mitochondrial superoxide level. And the CB1 receptor agonist ACEA significantly abolished the BCCAO and OGD-induced neuronal injury above. However, the MPTP opener atractyloside (Atr) markedly reversed the ACEA-induced neuroprotective effects, inhibited the mitochondrial Cyto C and AIF releases and relieved the mitochondrial swelling, but the MPTP inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) did not cause significant effects on the ACEA-induced neuroprotection above. These findings indicated that inhibition of MPTP opening may be involved in the cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist ACEA-induced neuroprotection.
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17
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Li L, Saiyin H, Xie J, Ma L, Xue L, Wang W, Liang W, Yu Q. Sevoflurane preconditioning induced endogenous neurogenesis against ischemic brain injury by promoting microglial activation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28544-28557. [PMID: 28212538 PMCID: PMC5438671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia causes irreversible damage to functional neurons in cases of infarct. Promoting endogenous neurogenesis to replace necrotic neurons is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia patients. The neuroprotective role of sevoflurane preconditioning implies that it might also enhance endogenous neurogenesis and functional restoration in the infarct region. By using a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model, we discovered that endogenous neurogenesis was enhanced by sevoflurane preconditioning. This enhancement process is characterized by the promotion of neuroblast proliferation within the subventricular zone (SVZ), migration and differentiation into neurons, and the presence of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes at the site of infarct. The newborn neurons in the sevoflurane preconditioning group showed miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), increased synaptophysin and PSD95 staining density, indicating normal neuronal function. Furthermore, long-term behavioral improvement was observed in the sevoflurane preconditioning group consistent with endogenous neurogenesis. Further histological analyses showed that sevoflurane preconditioning accelerated microglial activation, including migration, phagocytosis and secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Intraperitoneal injection of minocycline, a microglial inhibitor, suppressed microglial activation and reversed neurogenesis. Our data showed that sevoflurane preconditioning promoted microglial activities, created a favorable microenvironment for endogenous neurogenesis and accelerated functional reconstruction in the infarct region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hexige Saiyin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingmo Xie
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lixiang Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weimin Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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18
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Chen S, Lotz C, Roewer N, Broscheit JA. Comparison of volatile anesthetic-induced preconditioning in cardiac and cerebral system: molecular mechanisms and clinical aspects. Eur J Med Res 2018; 23:10. [PMID: 29458412 PMCID: PMC5819224 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-018-0308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile anesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC) has shown to have cardiac and cerebral protective properties in both pre-clinical models and clinical trials. Interestingly, accumulating evidences demonstrate that, except from some specific characters, the underlying molecular mechanisms of APC-induced protective effects in myocytes and neurons are very similar; they share several major intracellular signaling pathways, including mediating mitochondrial function, release of inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis. Among all the experimental results, cortical spreading depolarization is a relative newly discovered cellular mechanism of APC, which, however, just exists in central nervous system. Applying volatile anesthetic preconditioning to clinical practice seems to be a promising cardio-and neuroprotective strategy. In this review, we also summarized and discussed the results of recent clinical research of APC. Despite all the positive experimental evidences, large-scale, long-term, more precisely controlled clinical trials focusing on the perioperative use of volatile anesthetics for organ protection are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str.6, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Christopher Lotz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str.6, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Roewer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str.6, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jens-Albert Broscheit
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str.6, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
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19
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Neuroprotective Effect and Mechanism of Action of Tetramethylpyrazine Nitrone for Ischemic Stroke Therapy. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 20:97-111. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Wang L, Li M, Xie Y, Xu L, Ye R, Liu X. Preclinical efficacy of human Albumin in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2017; 344:255-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Geng YJ, Wu QH, Zhang RQ. Effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth 2017; 38:165-171. [PMID: 28372661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly surgical patients (>60years) receiving different anesthetics (propofol, sevoflurane, or isoflurane) and to identify potential biomarkers of POCD in this patient population. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING University-affiliated teaching hospital. PATIENTS One hundred and fifty elderly patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS Elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to receive propofol, sevoflurane, or isoflurane anesthesia. MEASUREMENTS Cognitive function was assessed using neuropsychological tests at baseline (1day before surgery [D0]), and on postoperative day 1 (D1) and day 3 (D3). Plasma S-100β and Aβ1-40 protein, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were assessed before induction of anesthesia (T0), after extubation (T1), and 1h (T2) and 24h (T3) postoperatively. MAIN RESULTS The incidence of POCD was significantly lower in the propofol group compared to the isoflurane group and the sevoflurane group at D1 and D3 (propofol vs. isoflurane: D1 and D3, P<0.001; propofol vs. sevoflurane: D1, P=0.012; D3, P=0.013). The incidence of POCD was significantly lower in the sevoflurane group compared to the isoflurane group at D1 (P=0.041), but not at D3. Postoperatively, plasma S-100β and Aβ1-40 protein, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations were significantly decreased in the propofol group compared to the isoflurane group. CONCLUSIONS Propofol anesthesia may be an option for elderly surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District of Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Qing-Hua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, China
| | - Rui-Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District of Harbin, Harbin, China.
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22
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Xie Y, Guo H, Wang L, Xu L, Zhang X, Yu L, Liu Q, Li Y, Zhao N, Zhao N, Ye R, Liu X. Human albumin attenuates excessive innate immunity via inhibition of microglial Mincle/Syk signaling in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 60:346-360. [PMID: 27845194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating subtype of stroke. Microglial macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) receptor launches microglial innate immunity after SAH, and thereby achieves a key step of early cerebral injury in SAH. We previously revealed albumin could improve long-term neurological outcomes after SAH. In this study, we examined the role of microglia-mediated innate immunity in the salutary effects of albumin. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation in rats. We found that albumin can significantly mitigate early neurovascular dysfunction of SAH rats. Albumin administration resulted in reduced Iba-1 and CD68 staining in cortex. Markers of microglia M1 polarization (iNOS, IL-1β, CD16, and CD32) were remarkably suppressed. Neutrophil invasion was inhibited as chemokines (MCP-1, CINC-1, and CXCL-2) mRNA levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressions were decreased. Mechanistically, albumin bound with microglial Mincle receptor, and retarded Mincle/Syk/IL-1β signaling in ipsilateral hemisphere subjected to SAH. In the cultured BV-2 microglial cells, we found Mincle and its ligand SAP130 mediate the cross-talk between neuronal necroptosis and microglial immunity response following SAH-related injury. Albumin could attenuate SAP130-induced Mincle upregulation and subsequent microglial inflammatory responses. The anti-inflammation effect of albumin was similar to the effect of genetic knockdown of Mincle. This effect may be attributed to a direct association between albumin and Mincle. The interaction also yielded a depression in the initiation of Mincle/Syk/IL-1β pathway. In conclusion, our results indicate that albumin can ameliorate innate immune responses after SAH. This anti-inflammatory action may be through direct restraining microglial Mincle receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Hongquan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Linjie Yu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yunzi Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Nana Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
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Sevoflurane pre-conditioning increases phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and HO-1 expression via inhibition of mPTP in primary rat cortical neurons exposed to OGD/R. J Neurol Sci 2017; 372:171-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Zhang XG, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Li YY, Wang H, Duan GL, Xiao L, Li XR, Chen HP. Extracellular Cl --free-induced cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation is associated with attenuation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:637-644. [PMID: 28033580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The isotonic substitution of extracellular chloride by gluconate (extracellular Cl--free) has been demonstrated to elicit cardioprotection by attenuating ischaemia/reperfusion-induced elevation of intracellular chloride ion concentration ([Cl-]i). However, the downstream mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effect of extracellular Cl--free is not fully established. Here, it was investigated whether extracellular Cl--free attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction after hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and whether mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) plays a key role in the extracellular Cl--free cardioprotection. H9c2 cells were incubated with or without Cl--free solution, in which Cl- was replaced with equimolar gluconate, during H/R. The involvement of mPTP was determined with atractyloside (Atr), a specific mPTP opener. The results showed that extracellular Cl--free attenuated H/R-induced the elevation of [Cl-]i, accompanied by increase of cell viability and reduction of lactate dehydrogenase release. Moreover, extracellular Cl--free inhibited mPTP opening, and improved mitochondria function, as indicated by preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain complex activities, decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, and increased ATP content. Intriguingly, pharmacologically opening of the mPTP with Atr attenuated all the protective effects caused by extracellular Cl--free, including suppression of mPTP opening, maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential, and subsequent improvement of mitochondrial function. These results indicated that extracellular Cl--free protects mitochondria from H/R injury in H9c2 cells and inhibition of mPTP opening is a crucial step in mediating the cardioprotection of extracellular Cl--free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Gui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Ling Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ran Li
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Ping Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Sasanquasaponin-induced cardioprotection involves inhibition of mPTP opening via attenuating intracellular chloride accumulation. Fitoterapia 2016; 116:1-9. [PMID: 27838499 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sasanquasaponin (SQS) has been reported to elicit cardioprotection by suppressing hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced elevation of intracellular chloride ion concentration ([Cl-]i). Given that the increased [Cl-]i is involved to modulate the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), we herein sought to further investigate the role of mPTP in the cardioprotective effect of SQS on H/R injury. H9c2 cells were incubated for 24h with or without 10μM SQS followed by H/R. The involvement of mPTP was determined with a specific mPTP agonist atractyloside (ATR). The results showed that SQS attenuated H/R-induced the elevation of [Cl-]i, accompanied by reduction of lactate dehydrogenase release and increase of cell viability. Moreover, SQS suppressed mPTP opening, and protected mitochondria, as indicated by preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain complex activities, decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, and increased ATP content. Interestingly, extracellular Cl--free condition created by replacing Cl- with equimolar gluconate resulted in a decrease in [Cl-]i and induced protective effects similar to SQS preconditioning, whereas pharmacologically opening of the mPTP with ATR abolished all the protective effects induced by SQS or Cl--free, including suppression of mPTP opening, maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential, and subsequent improvement of mitochondrial function. The above results allow us to conclude that SQS-induced cardioprotection may be mediated by preserving the mitochondrial function through preventing mPTP opening via inhibition of H/R-induced elevation of [Cl-]i.
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Esser T, Keilhoff G, Ebmeyer U. Anesthesia specific differences in a cardio-pulmonary resuscitation rat model; halothane versus sevoflurane. Brain Res 2016; 1652:144-150. [PMID: 27725150 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our asphyxia cardiac arrest (ACA) rat model is well established. The original model was designed in the 1990th using halothane and nitrous oxide for pre-insult anesthesia. Because of its hepato-toxicity and its potential to induce severe liver failures, halothane is no longer used in clinical anesthesia for several years. In order to minimize the health risk for our laboratory staff as well as to keep the experimental settings of our model on a clinically oriented basis we decided to replace halothane by sevoflurane. In this study we intended to determine if the change of the narcotic gas regiment causes changes in the neurological damage and how far our model had to be adjusted. METHODS Adult rats were subjected to 5min of ACA followed by resuscitation. There were four treatment groups: ACA - halothane, ACA - sevoflurane and with halothane or sevoflurane sham operated animals. Vital and blood parameters were monitored during the 45min post-resuscitation intensive care phase. After a survival time of 7 days histological evaluation of the hippocampus was performed. RESULTS We observed that resuscitated rats anesthetized prior by sevoflurane (i) have had a lower heart rate and a higher MAP compared to halothane anesthetized animals; (ii) The neurological damaged were significantly reduced in the hippocampal CA1 region in sevoflurane treated rats. CONCLUSION Using sevoflurane instead of halothane for anesthesia requires some physiological and experimental changes. However the model keeps its validity. Sevoflurane caused less pronounced neurodegeneration in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. This had to be considered in further resuscitation-studies containing sevoflurane as anesthetic. Institutional protocol number for animal studies: 42502-2-2-947 Uni MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Esser
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Gerburg Keilhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Ebmeyer
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg, Germany
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Hoffmann U, Sheng H, Ayata C, Warner DS. Anesthesia in Experimental Stroke Research. Transl Stroke Res 2016; 7:358-67. [PMID: 27534542 PMCID: PMC5016251 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-016-0491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetics have enabled major advances in development of experimental models of human stroke. Yet, their profound pharmacologic effects on neural function can confound the interpretation of experimental stroke research. Anesthetics have species-, drug-, and dose-specific effects on cerebral blood flow and metabolism, neurovascular coupling, autoregulation, ischemic depolarizations, excitotoxicity, inflammation, neural networks, and numerous molecular pathways relevant for stroke outcome. Both preconditioning and postconditioning properties have been described. Anesthetics also modulate systemic arterial blood pressure, lung ventilation, and thermoregulation, all of which may interact with the ischemic insult as well as the therapeutic interventions. These confounds present a dilemma. Here, we provide an overview of the anesthetic mechanisms of action and molecular and physiologic effects on factors relevant to stroke outcomes that can guide the choice and optimization of the anesthetic regimen in experimental stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Hoffmann
- Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3094, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Huaxin Sheng
- Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3094, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - David S Warner
- Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3094, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Saito K, Toyama H, Ejima Y, Yamauchi M. Anesthetic management in an adult moyamoya disease patient undergoing mitral valve plasty for severe mitral regurgitation. JA Clin Rep 2016; 2:13. [PMID: 29497668 PMCID: PMC5818770 DOI: 10.1186/s40981-016-0039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite several previous reports, there are no established procedures for intraoperative management in moyamoya disease patients requiring cardiac surgery. Case presentation Herein, we report the case of a 42-year-old man who was scheduled to undergo mitral valve plasty for severe mitral regurgitation. He had been diagnosed with moyamoya disease on the onset of cerebral ischemia at 41 years of age. During the cardiac surgical procedure, the patient was maintained on inhalation anesthesia with 1 to 1.5 % sevoflurane. Sevoflurane causes cerebral vasodilation followed by increased cerebral blood flow, and moreover we expected a sevoflurane preconditioning-induced neuroprotective effect. In addition, we used pulsatile perfusion support to maintain cerebral circulation with intra-aortic balloon pumping during the cardiopulmonary bypass. We aimed to keep the mean arterial pressure constantly above 70 mmHg. We were able to maintain regional cerebral oxygen saturation at 80 % of the baseline value, and could not detect the progression of neurological deficits using follow-up brain single photon emission computed tomography. The patient was discharged 16 days after admission. Conclusions The details of the clinical course of his case will add to our knowledge regarding intraoperative management options in moyamoya disease patients requiring cardiac surgery. We suggest that pulsatile blood flow supported by intra-aortic balloon pumping and sevoflurane anesthesia for increasing cerebral blood flow and for possible neuroprotection may be efficacious for anesthetic management of moyamoya disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutomo Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Toyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yutaka Ejima
- Division of Surgical Center and Supply, Sterillization, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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Xu L, Wang L, Wen Z, Wu L, Jiang Y, Yang L, Xiao L, Xie Y, Ma M, Zhu W, Ye R, Liu X. Caveolin-1 is a checkpoint regulator in hypoxia-induced astrocyte apoptosis via Ras/Raf/ERK pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C903-10. [PMID: 27009876 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00309.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes, the most numerous cells in the human brain, play a central role in the metabolic homeostasis following hypoxic injury. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a transmembrane scaffolding protein, has been shown to converge prosurvival signaling in the central nerve system. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Cav-1 in the hypoxia-induced astrocyte injury. We also examined how Cav-1 alleviates apoptotic astrocyte death. To this end, primary astrocytes were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 6 h and a subsequent 24-h reoxygenation to mimic hypoxic injury. OGD significantly reduced Cav-1 expression. Downregulation of Cav-1 using Cav-1 small interfering RNA dramatically worsened astrocyte cell damage and impaired cellular glutamate uptake after OGD, whereas overexpression of Cav-1 with Cav-1 scaffolding domain peptide attenuated OGD-induced cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, the expressions of Ras-GTP, phospho-Raf, and phospho-ERK were sequestered in Cav-1 small interfering RNA-treated astrocytes, yet were stimulated after supplementation with caveolin peptide. MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 remarkably blocked the Cav-1-induced counteraction against apoptosis following hypoxia, indicating Ras/Raf/ERK pathway is required for the Cav-1's prosurvival role. Together, these findings support Cav-1 as a checkpoint for the in hypoxia-induced astrocyte apoptosis and warrant further studies targeting Cav-1 to treat hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuoyu Wen
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; and
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lulu Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minmin Ma
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;
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Sang H, Liu L, Wang L, Qiu Z, Li M, Yu L, Zhang H, Shi R, Yu S, Guo R, Ye R, Liu X, Zhang R. Opposite roles of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors during cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury in experimental diabetic rats. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:53-65. [PMID: 26565562 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Sang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhongming Qiu
- Department of Neurology; The 117th Hospital of PLA; Xihu District Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Linjie Yu
- Nanjing University School of Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruifeng Shi
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Shuhong Yu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruibing Guo
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Renliang Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
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Wang H, Shi H, Yu Q, Chen J, Zhang F, Gao Y. Sevoflurane Preconditioning Confers Neuroprotection via Anti-apoptosis Effects. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA SUPPLEMENT 2016; 121:55-61. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18497-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Taliyan R, Ramagiri S. Delayed neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury: putative role of BDNF and GSK-3β. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:402-10. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1108338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Mitochondrial CB1 receptor is involved in ACEA-induced protective effects on neurons and mitochondrial functions. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26215450 PMCID: PMC4516969 DOI: 10.1038/srep12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cell death after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor is expressed in neuronal mitochondrial membranes (mtCB1R) and involved in regulating mitochondrial functions under physiological conditions. However, whether mtCB1R affords neuroprotection against I/R injury remains unknown. We used mouse models of cerebral I/R, primary cultured hippocampal neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and Ca(2+)-induced injury in purified neuronal mitochondria to investigate the role of mtCB1R in neuroprotection. Our results showed selective cell-permeant CB1 receptor agonist, arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA), significantly up-regulated the expression of mtCB1R protein in hippocampal neurons and tissue. In vitro, ACEA restored cell viability, inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and reduced apoptosis, improved mitochondrial function. In vivo, ACEA ameliorated neurological scores, diminished the number of TUNEL-positive neurons and decreased the expression of cleaved caspase-3. However, ACEA-induced benefits were blocked by the selective cell-permeant CB1 receptor antagonist AM251, but just partially by the selective cell-impermeant CB1 receptor antagonist hemopressin. In purified neuronal mitochondria, mtCB1R activation attenuated Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial injury. In conclusion, mtCB1R is involved in ACEA-induced protective effects on neurons and mitochondrial functions, suggesting mtCB1R may be a potential novel target for the treatment of brain ischemic injury.
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Luo C, Yuan D, Zhao W, Chen H, Luo G, Su G, Hei Z. Sevoflurane ameliorates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung injury by inhibiting the synergistic action between mast cell activation and oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1082-90. [PMID: 25815524 PMCID: PMC4438974 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preconditioning with sevoflurane (SEV) can protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in several organs, however, the benefits of SEV against acute lung injury (ALI), induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR), and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of SEV preconditioning on IIR-mediated ALI and the associated mechanisms in a rat model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 2.3% SEV or apocynin (AP), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, were subjected to 75 min superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 2 h reperfusion in the presence or absence of the mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 (CP). SEV and AP were observed to downregulate the protein expression levels of p47phox and gp91phox in the lungs of normal rats. IIR resulted in severe lung injury, characterized by significant increases in pathological injury scores, lung wet/dry weight ratio, protein expression levels of p47phox, gp91phox and ICAM-1, the presence of hydrogen peroxide, malondydehyde and interleukin-6, and the activity of myeloperoxidase. In addition, significant reductions were observed in the expression of prosurfactant protein C, accompanied by an increase in MC degranulation, demonstrated by significant elevations in the number of mast cells, expression levels of tryptase and the concentration of β-hexosaminidase. These changes were further augmented in the presence of CP. In addition, SEV and AP preconditioning significantly alleviated the above alterations induced by IIR alone or in combination with CP. These findings suggested that SEV and AP attenuated IIR-induced ALI by inhibiting NADPH oxidase and the synergistic action between oxidative stress and mast cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Weicheng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Huixin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Gangjian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Guangjie Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Xu L, Guo R, Xie Y, Ma M, Ye R, Liu X. Caveolae: molecular insights and therapeutic targets for stroke. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:633-50. [PMID: 25639269 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1009446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Caveolae are specialized plasma membrane micro-invaginations of most mammalian cell types. The organization and function of caveolae are carried out by their coat proteins, caveolins and adaptor proteins, cavins. Caveolae/caveolins physically interact with membrane-associated signaling molecules and function in cholesterol incorporation, signaling transduction and macromolecular transport/permeability. AREAS COVERED Recent investigations have implicated a check-and-balance role of caveolae in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Caveolin knockout mice displayed exacerbated ischemic injury, whereas caveolin peptide exerted remarkable protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive synopsis of how caveolae/caveolins modulate blood-brain barrier permeability, pro-survival signaling, angiogenesis and neuroinflammation, and how this may contribute to a better understanding of the participation of caveolae in ischemic cascade. The role of caveolin in the preconditioning-induced tolerance against ischemia is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Caveolae represent a novel target for cerebral ischemia. It remains open how to manipulate caveolin expression in a practical way to recapitulate the beneficial therapeutic outcomes. Caveolin peptides and associated antagomirs may be efficacious and deserve further investigations for their potential benefits for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 , China
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Li L, Yu Q, Liang W. Molecular pathways of mitochondrial dysfunctions: Possible cause of cell death in anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Brain Res Bull 2015; 110:14-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Schallner N, Ulbrich F, Engelstaedter H, Biermann J, Auwaerter V, Loop T, Goebel U. Isoflurane but Not Sevoflurane or Desflurane Aggravates Injury to Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo via p75NTR-NF-ĸB Activation. Anesth Analg 2014; 119:1429-41. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Lv Q, Lan W, Sun W, Ye R, Fan X, Ma M, Yin Q, Jiang Y, Xu G, Dai J, Guo R, Liu X. Intranasal nerve growth factor attenuates tau phosphorylation in brain after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurol Sci 2014; 345:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Lee H, Park YH, Jeon YT, Hwang JW, Lim YJ, Kim E, Park SY, Park HP. Sevoflurane post-conditioning increases nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor and haemoxygenase-1 expression via protein kinase C pathway in a rat model of transient global cerebral ischaemia. Br J Anaesth 2014; 114:307-18. [PMID: 25163467 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antioxidant mechanism of sevoflurane post-conditioning-induced neuroprotection remains unclear. We determined whether sevoflurane post-conditioning induces nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2, a master transcription factor regulating antioxidant defence genes) and haemoxygenase-1 (HO-1, an antioxidant enzyme) expression, and whether protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in Nrf2 activation, in a rat model of transient global cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Eighty-six rats were assigned to five groups: sham (n=6), control (n=20), sevoflurane post-conditioning (two cycles with 2 vol% sevoflurane inhalation for 10 min, n=20), chelerythrine (a PKC inhibitor; 5 mg kg(-1) i.v. administration, n=20), and sevoflurane post-conditioning plus chelerythrine (n=20). The levels of nuclear Nrf2 and cytoplasmic HO-1 were assessed 1 or 7 days after ischaemia (n=10 each, apart from the sham group, n=3). RESULTS On day 1 but not day 7 post-ischaemia, Nrf2 and HO-1 expression were significantly higher in the sevoflurane post-conditioning group than in the control group. Chelerythrine administration reduced the elevated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression induced by sevoflurane post-conditioning. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane post-conditioning increased Nrf2/HO-1 expression via PKC signalling in the early phase after transient global cerebral I/R injury, suggesting that activation of antioxidant enzymes may be responsible for sevoflurane post-conditioning-induced neuroprotection in the early phase after cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Park
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y T Jeon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Hwang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H P Park
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li B, Sun J, Lv G, Yu Y, Wang G, Xie K, Jiao Y, Yu Y. Sevoflurane postconditioning attenuates cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury via protein kinase B/nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2 pathway activation. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 38:79-86. [PMID: 25149226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300211PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300211PR China
| | - Guoyi Lv
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300211PR China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyGeneral Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300052PR China
| | - Guolin Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyGeneral Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300052PR China
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of AnesthesiologyGeneral Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300052PR China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of AnesthesiologyGeneral Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300052PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyGeneral Hospital of TianJin Medical UniversityTianjin300052PR China
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Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates neuronal ischemia--reperfusion injury by protecting mitochondrial function in rats. J Surg Res 2014; 192:564-72. [PMID: 24969549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen, a popular antioxidant gas, can selectively reduce cytotoxic oxygen radicals and has been found to protect against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of multiple organs. Acute neuronal death during I/R has been attributed to loss of mitochondrial permeability transition coupled with mitochondrial dysfunction. This study was designed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of hydrogen-rich saline on neuronal mitochondrial injury from global cerebral I/R in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a four-vessel occlusion model of global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, with Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided randomly into six groups (n = 90): sham (group S), I/R (group I/R), normal saline (group NS), atractyloside (group A), hydrogen-rich saline (group H), and hydrogen-rich saline + atractyloside (group HA). In groups H and HA, intraperitoneal hydrogen-rich saline (5 mL/kg) was injected immediately after reperfusion, whereas the equal volume of NS was injected in the other four groups. In groups A and HA, atractyloside (15 μL) was intracerebroventricularly injected 10 min before reperfusion, whereas groups NS and H received equal NS. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by spectrophotometry. Cytochrome c protein expression in the mitochondria and cytoplasm was detected by western blot. The hippocampus mitochondria ultrastructure was examined with transmission electron microscope. The histologic damage in hippocampus was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS Hydrogen-rich saline treatment significantly improved the amount of surviving cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, hydrogen-rich saline not only reduced tissue damage, the degree of mitochondrial swelling, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential but also preserved the mitochondrial cytochrome c content (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that hydrogen-rich saline was able to attenuate neuronal I/R injury, probably by protecting mitochondrial function in rats.
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Deng J, Lei C, Chen Y, Fang Z, Yang Q, Zhang H, Cai M, Shi L, Dong H, Xiong L. Neuroprotective gases – Fantasy or reality for clinical use? Prog Neurobiol 2014; 115:210-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Neuroprotective effects of sevoflurane against electromagnetic pulse-induced brain injury through inhibition of neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91019. [PMID: 24614080 PMCID: PMC3948751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) causes central nervous system damage and neurobehavioral disorders, and sevoflurane protects the brain from ischemic injury. We investigated the effects of sevoflurane on EMP-induced brain injury. Rats were exposed to EMP and immediately treated with sevoflurane. The protective effects of sevoflurane were assessed by Nissl staining, Fluoro-Jade C staining and electron microscopy. The neurobehavioral effects were assessed using the open-field test and the Morris water maze. Finally, primary cerebral cortical neurons were exposed to EMP and incubated with different concentration of sevoflurane. The cellular viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assayed. TUNEL staining was performed, and the expression of apoptotic markers was determined. The cerebral cortexes of EMP-exposed rats presented neuronal abnormalities. Sevoflurane alleviated these effects, as well as the learning and memory deficits caused by EMP exposure. In vitro, cell viability was reduced and LDH release was increased after EMP exposure; treatment with sevoflurane ameliorated these effects. Additionally, sevoflurane increased SOD activity, decreased MDA levels and alleviated neuronal apoptosis by regulating the expression of cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2. These findings demonstrate that Sevoflurane conferred neuroprotective effects against EMP radiation-induced brain damage by inhibiting neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Stetler RA, Leak RK, Gan Y, Li P, Zhang F, Hu X, Jing Z, Chen J, Zigmond MJ, Gao Y. Preconditioning provides neuroprotection in models of CNS disease: paradigms and clinical significance. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 114:58-83. [PMID: 24389580 PMCID: PMC3937258 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preconditioning is a phenomenon in which brief episodes of a sublethal insult induce robust protection against subsequent lethal injuries. Preconditioning has been observed in multiple organisms and can occur in the brain as well as other tissues. Extensive animal studies suggest that the brain can be preconditioned to resist acute injuries, such as ischemic stroke, neonatal hypoxia/ischemia, surgical brain injury, trauma, and agents that are used in models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Effective preconditioning stimuli are numerous and diverse, ranging from transient ischemia, hypoxia, hyperbaric oxygen, hypothermia and hyperthermia, to exposure to neurotoxins and pharmacological agents. The phenomenon of "cross-tolerance," in which a sublethal stress protects against a different type of injury, suggests that different preconditioning stimuli may confer protection against a wide range of injuries. Research conducted over the past few decades indicates that brain preconditioning is complex, involving multiple effectors such as metabolic inhibition, activation of extra- and intracellular defense mechanisms, a shift in the neuronal excitatory/inhibitory balance, and reduction in inflammatory sequelae. An improved understanding of brain preconditioning should help us identify innovative therapeutic strategies that prevent or at least reduce neuronal damage in susceptible patients. In this review, we focus on the experimental evidence of preconditioning in the brain and systematically survey the models used to develop paradigms for neuroprotection, and then discuss the clinical potential of brain preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Anne Stetler
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Yu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Peiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zheng Jing
- Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Michael J Zigmond
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurology and Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yanqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Ye R, Zhao G, Liu X. Ginsenoside Rd for acute ischemic stroke: translating from bench to bedside. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 13:603-13. [PMID: 23738998 DOI: 10.1586/ern.13.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have identified pathophysiological mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke and have provided proof-of-principle evidence that strategies designed to impede the ischemic cascade, namely neuroprotection, can protect the ischemic brain. However, the translation of these therapeutic agents to the clinic has not been successful. Ginsenoside Rd, a dammarane-type steroid glycoside extracted from ginseng plants, has exhibited an encouraging neuroprotective efficacy in both laboratory and clinical studies. This article attempts to provide a synopsis of the physiochemical profile, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, safety and putative therapeutic mechanisms of Rd. Finally, the authors discuss the validity of Rd as a neuroprotective agent for acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
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Liu X, Ye R, Yan T, Yu SP, Wei L, Xu G, Fan X, Jiang Y, Stetler RA, Liu G, Chen J. Cell based therapies for ischemic stroke: from basic science to bedside. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 115:92-115. [PMID: 24333397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy is emerging as a viable therapy to restore neurological function after stroke. Many types of stem/progenitor cells from different sources have been explored for their feasibility and efficacy for the treatment of stroke. Transplanted cells not only have the potential to replace the lost circuitry, but also produce growth and trophic factors, or stimulate the release of such factors from host brain cells, thereby enhancing endogenous brain repair processes. Although stem/progenitor cells have shown a promising role in ischemic stroke in experimental studies as well as initial clinical pilot studies, cellular therapy is still at an early stage in humans. Many critical issues need to be addressed including the therapeutic time window, cell type selection, delivery route, and in vivo monitoring of their migration pattern. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive synopsis of preclinical evidence and clinical experience of various donor cell types, their restorative mechanisms, delivery routes, imaging strategies, future prospects and challenges for translating cell therapies as a neurorestorative regimen in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gelin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Fan
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
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The mechanism of sevoflurane preconditioning-induced protections against small intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury is independent of mast cell in rats. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:378703. [PMID: 24369442 PMCID: PMC3867927 DOI: 10.1155/2013/378703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate whether sevoflurane preconditioning can protect against small intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR) injury and to explore whether mast cell (MC) is involved in the protections provided by sevoflurane preconditioning. Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to sevoflurane or treated with MC stabilizer cromolyn sodium (CS) were subjected to 75-minute superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 2-hour reperfusion in the presence or absence of MC degranulator compound 48/80 (CP). Small intestinal ischemia reperfusion resulted in severe intestinal injury as demonstrated by significant elevations in intestinal injury scores and p47phox and gp91phox, ICAM-1 protein expressions and malondialdehyde and IL-6 contents, and MPO activities as well as significant reductions in SOD activities, accompanied with concomitant increases in mast cell degranulation evidenced by significant increases in MC counts, tryptase expression, and β-hexosaminidase concentrations, and those alterations were further upregulated in the presence of CP. Sevoflurane preconditioning dramatically attenuated the previous IIR-induced alterations except MC counts, tryptase, and β-hexosaminidase which were significantly reduced by CS treatment. Furthermore, CP exacerbated IIR injury was abrogated by CS but not by sevoflurane preconditioning. The data collectively indicate that sevoflurane preconditioning confers protections against IIR injury, and MC is not involved in the protective process.
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Kong X, Liu Y, Ye R, Zhu B, Zhu Y, Liu X, Hu C, Luo H, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Jin Y. GSK3β is a checkpoint for TNF-α-mediated impaired osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in inflammatory microenvironments. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:5119-29. [PMID: 23911749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fate and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depend on various microenvironmental cues. In chronic inflammatory bone disease, bone regeneration is inhibited. The present study therefore sought to identify the underlying molecule mechanisms. METHODS We isolated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a new population of MSCs, from the periodontal ligament tissues of periodontitis patients and healthy controls (p-PDLSCs and h-PDLSCs). The secretion of inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, after LPS stimulation was measured by ELISA. The expressions of p-GSK3β and GSK3β in two types of PDLSCs were detected by Western blot. TOPFlash was used to assay the Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity. Knockdown of GSK3β by siRNA and over-expression of GSK3β by adenoviruses were performed to confirm the role of GSK3β in the impaired osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under inflammatory microenvironment. RESULTS We demonstrated that p-PDLSCs displayed impaired osteogenic capacity than h-PDLSCs. Upon inflammatory stimulation, monocytes, but not PDLSCs, released inflammatory cytokines among which TNF-α directly act on PDLSCs and suppressed their osteogenic differentiation. TNF-α induced the phosphorylation of GSK3β, the deactivated form of GSK3β, which increased nuclear β-catenin and Lef-1 accumulation, and eventually reduced the Runx2-associated osteogenesis in PDLSCs. Over-expression of GSK3β rescued osteogenesis in TNF-α-stimulated PDLSCs, whereas inactivation of GSK3β was sufficient to liberate the β-catenin/Lef-1/Runx2 pathway. CONCLUSION GSK3β plays an obligatory role in the TNF-α-mediated inhibition of osteogenesis in MSCs. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The strategy to target GSK3β may provide a potential approach to bone regeneration in inflammatory microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Kong
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Bayi Hospital, Nanjing, China
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