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Brunner M, Brandl M, Denz A, Krautz C, Weber GF, Grützmann R, Weber K. 2-Stage and 3-stage restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis show comparable short- and long-term outcomes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22807. [PMID: 39354029 PMCID: PMC11445382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) represents the standard treatment for therapy-refractory, malignant or complicated ulcerative colitis (UC) and can be performed as a 2-stage or 3-stage procedure. This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes after 2- and 3-stage IPAA in patients with UC in our department. A retrospective analysis of 176 patients with UC who received 2- or 3-stage restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA at our institution from 2001 to 2021 was performed. Outcomes for short-term (morbidity, longer hospital stay, readmission) and long-term (pouch failure and quality of life) parameters were compared between the 2- and 3-stage procedure. Regarding short-term outcomes for all patients, in-hospital morbidity and readmission rates after any surgical stage were observed in 69% and 24%, respectively. Morbidity and readmission did not differ significantly between the 2- and 3-stage procedure in uni- and multivariate analysis. Median length of hospital stay for all stages was 17 days. The 3-stage procedure was identified as an independent factor for longer hospital stay (OR 3.8 (CI 1.3-10.8), p = 0.014). Pouch failure and failure of improved quality of life during long-term follow-up occurred both in 10% of patients, with no significant differences between the 2- and 3-stage procedure in uni- and multivariate analysis. Our data suggest that both the 2- and 3-stage proctocolectomy with IPAA demonstrate favourable and comparable postoperative short- and long-term outcomes, with a high rate of improved quality of life in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Brunner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel Denz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Krautz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg F Weber
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus Weber
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Yamamoto N, Urabe Y, Nakahara H, Nakamura T, Shimizu D, Konishi H, Ishibashi K, Ariyoshi M, Miyamoto R, Mizuno J, Takasago T, Ishikawa A, Tsuboi A, Tanaka H, Yamashita K, Hiyama Y, Kishida Y, Takigawa H, Kuwai T, Arihiro K, Shimamoto F, Oka S. Genetic Analysis of Biopsy Tissues from Colorectal Tumors in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3271. [PMID: 39409892 PMCID: PMC11475702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16193271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Colorectal neoplasia developing from ulcerative colitis mucosa (CRNUC) can be divided into ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia (UCAN) and non-UCAN; however, it is often difficult to distinguish UCAN from non-UCAN during a biopsy diagnosis. We investigated whether a genomic analysis could improve the diagnostic accuracy of UCAN using biopsy specimens. METHODS In step 1, 14 CRNUCs were used to examine whether the genomic landscape of biopsy and resection specimens matched. In step 2, we investigated the relationship between the genomic landscapes and the pathological diagnosis of 26 CRNUCs. The cancer genome was analyzed by deep sequencing using a custom panel of 27 genes found to be mutated in our previous CRNUC analysis. RESULTS In step 1, of the 27 candidate genes, 14 were mutated. The concordance rate of the pathogenic mutations in these 14 genes between the biopsy and resection specimens was 29% (4/14), while that of the pathogenic mutations in TP53 and KRAS was 79% (11/14). In step 2, the pathological diagnosis of biopsy specimens using only hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining had a sensitivity of 33% and an accuracy of 38% for UCAN diagnosis. On the other hand, the combination of the HE pathology and p53 immunohistochemical staining had a sensitivity of 73% and an accuracy of 85% for UCAN diagnosis, while the combination of HE staining and a TP53 mutation had a sensitivity of 87% and an accuracy of 88% for UCAN diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS An evaluation of TP53 mutations in biopsy specimens may be useful for diagnosing UCAN. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required before this can be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Yuji Urabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Hikaru Nakahara
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Takeo Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Daisuke Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Hirona Konishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Kazuki Ishibashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Misa Ariyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Ryo Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Junichi Mizuno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Takeshi Takasago
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Akiyoshi Tsuboi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Ken Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Yuichi Hiyama
- Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Yoshihiro Kishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Hidehiko Takigawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
| | - Toshio Kuwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Fumio Shimamoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Cosmopolitan University, Hiroshima 734-0014, Japan;
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (N.Y.); (T.N.); (D.S.); (H.K.); (K.I.); (M.A.); (R.M.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (A.T.); (H.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.T.); (T.K.); (S.O.)
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Rathod S, Kumar N, Matiz GD, Biju S, Girgis P, Sabu N, Mumtaz H, Haider A. The Role of Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Trends and Future Directions. Cureus 2024; 16:e65868. [PMID: 39219937 PMCID: PMC11364265 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) provides superior results in the surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There exist various minimally invasive procedures, each possessing its own set of benefits and drawbacks. This literature review outlines these methodologies and underscores their importance in enhancing the outcomes of patients with IBD. A grand total of 192 studies were carefully chosen and succinctly summarized. Conventional multiport laparoscopy is the most widely used MIS for IBD, with single-incision laparoscopy showing even better results. Robotic surgery offers comparable results but at higher costs and longer operation times. In the future, there will be widespread acceptance of single-incision laparoscopy and robotic surgery due to improved training and reduced expenses. Further research into the technology's utility in different IBD presentations could increase its usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanskruti Rathod
- Surgery, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Amravati, IND
| | | | | | - Sheryl Biju
- Medicine, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, IND
| | - Peter Girgis
- Internal Medicine, Ross University School of Medicine, Bridgetown, BRB
| | - Nagma Sabu
- Surgery, Jonelta Foundation School of Medicine, University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Las Pinas City, PHL
| | - Hassan Mumtaz
- Urology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, GBR
- Data Analytics, BPP University, London, GBR
| | - Ali Haider
- Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, PAK
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4
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He K, Yu Z, Wu Y. To investigate the changes in colonic pouch function and retention rate after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in elderly patients with ulcerative colitis: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2024; 70:139-142. [PMID: 37338265 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.23.03454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang He
- Department of Anorectal, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- Department of Anorectal, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Anorectal, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, China -
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Chen SY, Radomski SN, Stem M, Done JZ, Caturegli G, Atallah C, Efron JE, Safar B. National trends and outcomes of total proctocolectomy and completion proctectomy ileal pouch-anal anastomosis procedures for ulcerative colitis. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:497-507. [PMID: 38302723 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study is to assess US operative trends and outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients undergoing total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (TPC-IPAA) or completion proctectomy with IPAA (CP-IPAA). METHODS Adult UC patients who underwent TPC-IPAA or CP-IPAA were analysed retrospectively using the 2016-2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Factors associated with 30-day overall and serious morbidity were identified using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 1696 patients were identified, with 958 patients (56.5%) undergoing TPC-IPAA and 738 (43.5%) undergoing CP-IPAA. A greater proportion of TPC-IPAAs were performed each year (except in 2019) compared to CP-IPAAs over the study period (P trend <0.001). Unadjusted analysis showed comparable rates of overall (20.8% vs. 24.4%, P = 0.076) and serious morbidity (14.3% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.352) between TPC-IPAA and CP-IPAA patients. Robotic TPC-IPAA had no differences in complications compared to laparoscopic and open approaches. Robotic CP-IPAA had higher anastomotic leak rates and longer hospital length of stay compared to laparoscopic and open approaches. Obesity was associated with increased odds of overall and serious morbidity for patients who underwent TPC-IPAA. Steroid/immunosuppressive therapy was associated with increased odds of overall and serious morbidity for patients who underwent CP-IPAA. CONCLUSIONS Obese patients should be informed of their increased morbidity risk and offered counselling on weight loss prior to surgery when feasible. Patients on steroid/immunosuppressive therapy within 30 days preoperatively should not undergo CP-IPAA or should delay surgery until they can be safely off those medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Y Chen
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shannon N Radomski
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Miloslawa Stem
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joy Z Done
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Giorgio Caturegli
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chady Atallah
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan E Efron
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bashar Safar
- Colorectal Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, New York, USA
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6
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Yamamoto N, Yamashita K, Takehara Y, Morimoto S, Tanino F, Kamigaichi Y, Tanaka H, Arihiro K, Shimamoto F, Oka S. Characteristics and Prognosis of Sporadic Neoplasias Detected in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Digestion 2024; 105:213-223. [PMID: 38417416 DOI: 10.1159/000537756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) develop not only UC-associated neoplasias but also sporadic neoplasias (SNs). However, few studies have described the characteristics of SNs in patients with UC. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and prognosis of SNs in patients with UC. METHODS A total of 141 SNs in 59 patients with UC, detected by surveillance colonoscopy at Hiroshima University Hospital between January 1999 and December 2021, were included. SNs were diagnosed based on their location, endoscopic features, and histopathologic findings along with immunohistochemical staining for Ki67 and p53. RESULTS Of the SNs, 91.5% were diagnosed as adenoma and 8.5% were diagnosed as carcinoma (Tis carcinoma, 3.5%; T1 carcinoma, 5.0%). 61.0% of the SNs were located in the right colon, 31.2% were located in the left colon, and 7.8% were located in the rectum. When classified based on the site of the lesion, 70.9% of SNs occurred outside and 29.1% within the affected area. Of all SNs included, 95.7% were endoscopically resected and 4.3% were surgically resected. Among the 59 patients included, synchronous SNs occurred in 23.7% and metachronous multiple SNs occurred in 40.7% during surveillance. The 5-year cumulative incidence of metachronous multiple SNs was higher in patients with synchronous multiple SNs (54.2%) than in those without synchronous multiple SNs (46.4%). CONCLUSION Patients with UC with synchronous multiple SNs are at a higher risk of developing metachronous multiple SNs and may require a closer follow-up by total colonoscopy than patients without synchronous SNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ken Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yudai Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shin Morimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Tanino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kamigaichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumio Shimamoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Cosmopolitan University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Bhat MA, Usman I, Dhaneshwar S. Application of Drug Repurposing Approach for Therapeutic Intervention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2024; 19:234-249. [PMID: 37859409 DOI: 10.2174/0127724328245156231008154045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain, cramping, loss of appetite, fatigue, diarrhoea, and weight loss. Although the etiology of IBD remains unclear, it is believed to be an interaction between genes, and environmental factors, such as an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, changing food habits, an ultra-hygiene environment, and an inappropriate immune system. The development of novel effective therapies is stymied by a lack of understanding of the aetiology of IBD. The current therapy involves the use of aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids that can effectively manage symptoms, induce and sustain remission, prevent complications, modify the course of the disease, provide diverse treatment options, showcase advancements in biologic therapies, and enhance the overall quality of life. However, the efficacy of current therapy is overshadowed by a plethora of adverse effects, such as loss of weight, mood swings, skin issues, loss of bone density, higher vulnerability to infections, and elevated blood pressure. Biologicals, like anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, can stimulate an autoimmune response in certain individuals that may diminish the effectiveness of the medication over time, necessitating a switch to alternative treatments. The response of IBD patients to current drug therapy is quite varied, which can lead to disease flares that underlines the urgent need to explore alternative treatment option to address the unmet need of developing new treatment strategies for IBD with high efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Drug repurposing is a novel strategy where existing drugs that have already been validated safe in patients for the management of certain diseases are redeployed to treat other, unindicated diseases. The present narrative review focuses on potential drug candidates that could be repurposed for the management of IBD using on-target and off-target strategies. It covers their preclinical, clinical assessment, mechanism of action, and safety profiles, and forecasts their appropriateness in the management of IBD. The review presents useful insights into the most promising candidates for repurposing, like anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic troxerutin, which has been found to improve the DSS-induced colitis in rats, an antiosteoarthritic drug diacetylrhein that has been found to have remarkable ameliorating effects on DSS-induced colitis via anti-oxidant and anti- inflammatory properties and by influencing both apoptosis and pyroptosis. Topiramate, an antiepileptic and anticonvulsant drug, has remarkably decreased overall pathophysiological and histopathological events in the experimental model of IBD in rodents by its cytokine inhibitory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aadil Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, UP, Noida, India
| | - Iqra Usman
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, UP, Noida, India
| | - Suneela Dhaneshwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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8
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Pantel H, Reddy VB. Management of Colonic Emergencies. Surg Clin North Am 2023; 103:1133-1152. [PMID: 37838460 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of colonic emergencies includes a wide-ranging and diverse set of pathologic conditions. Fortunately, for the surgeon treating a patient with one of these emergencies, the surgical management of these various causes is limited to choosing among proximal diversion, segmental colectomy with or without proximal diversion, or a total abdominal colectomy with end ileostomy (or rarely, an ileorectal anastomosis). The nuanced complexity in these situations usually revolves around the nonsurgical and/or endoscopic options and deciding when to proceed to the operating room.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddon Pantel
- Colon and Rectal Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 450 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Vikram B Reddy
- Colon and Rectal Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 450 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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9
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Kabir M, Thomas-Gibson S, Tozer PJ, Warusavitarne J, Faiz O, Hart A, Allison L, Acheson AG, Atici SD, Avery P, Brar M, Carvello M, Choy MC, Dart RJ, Davies J, Dhar A, Din S, Hayee B, Kandiah K, Katsanos KH, Lamb CA, Limdi JK, Lovegrove RE, Myrelid P, Noor N, Papaconstantinou I, Petrova D, Pavlidis P, Pinkney T, Proud D, Radford S, Rao R, Sebastian S, Segal JP, Selinger C, Spinelli A, Thomas K, Wolthuis A, Wilson A. DECIDE: Delphi Expert Consensus Statement on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Dysplasia Shared Management Decision-Making. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1652-1671. [PMID: 37171140 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease colitis-associated dysplasia is managed with either enhanced surveillance and endoscopic resection or prophylactic surgery. The rate of progression to cancer after a dysplasia diagnosis remains uncertain in many cases and patients have high thresholds for accepting proctocolectomy. Individualised discussion of management options is encouraged to take place between patients and their multidisciplinary teams for best outcomes. We aimed to develop a toolkit to support a structured, multidisciplinary and shared decision-making approach to discussions about dysplasia management options between clinicians and their patients. METHODS Evidence from systematic literature reviews, mixed-methods studies conducted with key stakeholders, and decision-making expert recommendations were consolidated to draft consensus statements by the DECIDE steering group. These were then subjected to an international, multidisciplinary modified electronic Delphi process until an a priori threshold of 80% agreement was achieved to establish consensus for each statement. RESULTS In all, 31 members [15 gastroenterologists, 14 colorectal surgeons and two nurse specialists] from nine countries formed the Delphi panel. We present the 18 consensus statements generated after two iterative rounds of anonymous voting. CONCLUSIONS By consolidating evidence for best practice using literature review and key stakeholder and decision-making expert consultation, we have developed international consensus recommendations to support health care professionals counselling patients on the management of high cancer risk colitis-associated dysplasia. The final toolkit includes clinician and patient decision aids to facilitate shared decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha Kabir
- Division of GI Services, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - Siwan Thomas-Gibson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Phil J Tozer
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Janindra Warusavitarne
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Omar Faiz
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ailsa Hart
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lisa Allison
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Austin G Acheson
- Department of Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Semra Demirli Atici
- Department of Surgery, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pearl Avery
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mantaj Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michele Carvello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew C Choy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Austin Academic Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin J Dart
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Justin Davies
- Department of Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anjan Dhar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Darlington Memorial Hospital, County Durham & Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teesside University, UK, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Shahida Din
- Edinburgh IBD Unit, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bu'Hussain Hayee
- Department of Gastroenterology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kesavan Kandiah
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos H Katsanos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ioannina School of Health Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christopher Andrew Lamb
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jimmy K Limdi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Greater Manchester, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Manchester , Manchester, UK
| | - Richard E Lovegrove
- Department of Surgery, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust , Worcester, UK
| | - Pär Myrelid
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nurulamin Noor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ioannis Papaconstantinou
- Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, A thens, Greece
| | - Dafina Petrova
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública [EASP], Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain
| | - Polychronis Pavlidis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Pinkney
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David Proud
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg Victoria, VIC, Australia
| | - Shellie Radford
- Department of Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rohit Rao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shaji Sebastian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Jonathan P Segal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Hospital Epping, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian Selinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Antonino Spinelli
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kathryn Thomas
- Department of Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals, UK
| | - Albert Wolthuis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Leuven, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Wilson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer or Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London , London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology or Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
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Teixeira-Vaz A, Silva JC, Ribeiro da Cunha M. Inflammatory bowel disease-An enemy of neurogenic bowel management in patients with spinal cord injury. PM R 2023; 15:1318-1325. [PMID: 36580491 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teixeira-Vaz
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Silva
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Maria Ribeiro da Cunha
- Centro de Reabilitação do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Rubin DT, Salese L, Cohen M, Kotze PG, Woolcott JC, Su C, Mundayat R, Paulissen J, Torres J, Long MD. Presence of risk factors associated with colectomy among patients with ulcerative colitis: a post hoc analysis of data from the tofacitinib OCTAVE ulcerative colitis clinical program. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231189122. [PMID: 37560161 PMCID: PMC10408314 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231189122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tofacitinib is an oral small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Objective To assess colectomy incidence rates (IRs) and baseline characteristics for the presence of identified colectomy risk factors among patients in the tofacitinib OCTAVE UC clinical program. Design This post hoc analysis evaluated patients in the 8-week OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, 52-week OCTAVE Sustain, and OCTAVE Open (open-label, long-term extension) studies. Methods IRs [95% confidence interval (CI)] for colectomy were analyzed. Baseline risk factors based on clinical guidelines: aged <40 years at diagnosis, extensive colitis, severe endoscopic disease [Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) = 3], hospitalization for UC within 12 months, C-reactive protein (CRP) >3 mg/L, and serum albumin <3.5 g/dL. Baseline risk factors were evaluated in patients who underwent colectomy by study and summarized descriptively. Results Over a maximum of 7.8 years of tofacitinib exposure, 14 patients underwent colectomy: 3/1139 (0.3%) in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 [tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily (BID): n = 2; placebo: n = 1], 3/593 (0.5%) in OCTAVE Sustain (placebo: n = 3), and 8/944 (0.8%) in OCTAVE Open (tofacitinib 10 mg BID: n = 8). Colectomy IR per 100 patient-years for all patients who received ⩾1 tofacitinib dose was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.16-0.63). All patients who underwent colectomy had ⩾1 risk factor and prior tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) failure, among which the most common risk factors were a MES of 3 (n = 13), CRP >3 mg/L (n = 11), and aged <40 years at diagnosis (n = 9). Conclusions Among patients with moderate to severe UC receiving tofacitinib, colectomies were infrequent; all patients undergoing colectomy had prior TNFi failure, and most had multiple additional risk factors. This provides important information to discuss with patients and inform management decisions. Registration NCT01465763; NCT01458951; NCT01458574; and NCT01470612.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T. Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Mitchell Cohen
- Pfizer Inc, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Paulo G. Kotze
- IBD Outpatient Clinics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Joana Torres
- Gastroenterology Division, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Millie D. Long
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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12
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Ng JY, Liu H, Wang MC. Complementary and alternative medicine mention and recommendations in inflammatory bowel disease guidelines: systematic review and assessment using AGREE II. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:230. [PMID: 37434218 PMCID: PMC10334672 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for disease management. There is, however, a communication gap between patients and healthcare professionals regarding CAM use, where patients are hesitant to disclose CAM use to providers. The purpose of this study was to identify the quantity and assess the quality of CAM recommendations in IBD clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were systematically searched from 2011 to 2022 to find CPGs for the treatment and/or management of IBD. The Guidelines International Network (GIN) and National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) websites were also searched. Eligible CPGs were assessed using the AGREE II instrument. RESULTS Nineteen CPGs made CAM recommendations for IBD and were included in this review. Average scaled domain percentages of CPGs were as follows (overall CPG, CAM section): scope and purpose (91.5%, 91.5%), clarity of presentation (90.3%, 64.0%), editorial independence (57.0%, 57.0%), stakeholder involvement (56.7%, 27.8%), rigour of development (54.7%, 45.9%), and applicability (14.6%, 2.1%). CONCLUSIONS The majority of CPGs with CAM recommendations were of low quality and their CAM sections scored substantially lower relative to other therapies in the overall CPG. In future updates, CPGs with low scaled-domain percentages could be improved in accordance with AGREE II and other guideline development resources. Further research investigating how CAM therapies can best be incorporated into IBD CPGs is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Y. Ng
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Henry Liu
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Michelle Chenghuazou Wang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
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13
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Esckilsen S, Kochar B, Weaver KN, Herfarth HH, Barnes EL. Very Early Pouchitis Is Associated with an Increased Likelihood of Chronic Inflammatory Conditions of the Pouch. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07947-9. [PMID: 37148442 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammatory conditions of the pouch are common after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC). AIMS We aimed to investigate the relationship between acute pouchitis within 180 days of the final stage of IPAA surgery (very early pouchitis) and the future development of chronic antibiotic dependent pouchitis (CADP) and Crohn's-like disease of the pouch (CLDP). METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study, evaluating patients who underwent proctocolectomy with IPAA between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2016. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between very early pouchitis and the development of CADP and CLDP. RESULTS Among 626 patients undergoing IPAA for UC, 137 (22%) developed very early pouchitis, 75 (12%) developed CADP, and 59 (9%) developed CLDP in a median follow-up of 5.18 years (interquartile range 0.94-10.8 years). Very early pouchitis was associated with a significant increase in the odds of developing CADP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR3.65, 95% CI 2.19-6.10) as was primary sclerosing cholangitis (aOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.44-11.0). Very early pouchitis was associated with increased odds for developing CLDP (aOR 2.77, 95% CI 1.54-4.98) along with a family history of inflammatory bowel disease (aOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.11-3.96). CONCLUSION In this cohort, very early pouchitis was associated with an increased risk of developing CADP and CLDP. These findings highlight very early pouchitis as a unique risk factor for chronic inflammatory conditions of the pouch and the need for future studies evaluating potential strategies for secondary prophylaxis strategies in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Esckilsen
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bharati Kochar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit, The Mongan Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly N Weaver
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Road, Campus Box #7080, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7080, USA
- Multidisciplinary Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hans H Herfarth
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Road, Campus Box #7080, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7080, USA
- Multidisciplinary Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Edward L Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Road, Campus Box #7080, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7080, USA.
- Multidisciplinary Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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14
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Freund MR, Horesh N, Meyer R, Garoufalia Z, Gefen R, Emile SH, Wexner SD. Can preoperative CT/MR enterography preclude the development of Crohn's disease-like pouch complications in ulcerative colitis patients undergoing J pouch surgery? Colorectal Dis 2023. [PMID: 37128154 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to determine whether ulcerative colitis patients with preoperative negative computed tomography or magnetic resonance enterography (CTE/MRE) were less likely to develop Crohn's disease-like pouch complications (CDLPC) and establish risk factors and predictors for developing CDLPC. METHODS This was a single centre retrospective analysis of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) who underwent total proctocolectomy with ileal J-pouch between January 2010 and December 2020. The study group comprised patients with negative preoperative CTE/MRE and the control group included patients operated without preoperative CTE/MRE. RESULTS A total of 131 patients were divided into the negative CTE/MRE study group (76 [58%] patients) and control group (55 [42%] patients). There were no significant differences in incidence rates (21% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.83), time to developing CDLPC from ileostomy closure (22.3 vs. 23.8 months; p = 0.81), pouchitis rates (23.6% vs. 27.2%; p = 0.68), or pouch failure rates (5.2 vs. 7.2; p = 0.71). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed backwash ileitis (HR 4.1; p = 0.03, CI: 1.1-15.1), severe pouchitis (HR 3.4; p = 0.039, CI: 1.0-10.9), and history of perianal disease (HR 3.4; p = 0.017, CI: 1.4-39.6) were independent predictors for CDLPC. CONCLUSIONS Negative findings on MRE/CTE prior to J-pouch surgery in ulcerative colitis should be interpreted with caution as it is does not reliably exclude or predict development of CDLPC. These patients should be preoperatively counselled concerning the possibility of developing CDLPC regardless of lack of positive findings on preoperative CTE/MRE. Patients with backwash ileitis with a previous history of perianal disease should be informed of the potentially increased risk of developing such complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Freund
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nir Horesh
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ryan Meyer
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Zoe Garoufalia
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Rachel Gefen
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sameh Hany Emile
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Steven D Wexner
- Ellen Leifer Shulman and Steven Shulman Digestive Disease Centre, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
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Kuwahara R, Ikeuchi H, Horio Y, Minagawa T, Kusunoki K, Uchino M. Have advances in medical therapy for ulcerative colitis impacted surgical treatment? Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2023; 7:272-278. [PMID: 36998292 PMCID: PMC10043766 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to examine how the clinical characteristics, indications for surgery, and postoperative course of ulcerative colitis (UC) surgical patients changed before and after the introduction of biological agents. Methods Patients who underwent surgery for UC at Hyogo Medical University between 2000 and 2019 were included in the study; those who underwent surgery between 2000 and 2009 were included in the early group (n = 864), and those who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2019 were included in the late group (n = 834); each study factor was retrospectively compared. Results The mean ages at surgery (y) were 39.7 ± 15.1 y in the early group and 46.7 ± 17.8 y in the late group (P < .01). Antitumor necrosis factor agents were used (%) in 2 (0.2) patients in the early group and 317 (38.0) patients in the late group (P < .01). The number of cancer or dysplasia patients for whom surgery was indicated was significantly higher in the late group (11%/26%, P = .01). With regard to surgery in elderly individuals, the number of elderly patients (65 y and older) undergoing surgery was significantly higher in the late group (8.0%/18.6%, P < .01). For emergency surgery, the mortality rates were 16.7% (2/12) in the early surgery group and 15.7% (8/51) in the late surgery group (P = .61). Conclusion The characteristics of UC patients requiring surgery in Japan have changed. The distribution of surgical indications changed, and the number of patients with cancer and dysplasia requiring surgery increased. The prognosis of elderly patients who underwent emergency surgery was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Kuwahara
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Hiroki Ikeuchi
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Yuki Horio
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Minagawa
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Kurando Kusunoki
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Motoi Uchino
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
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Olecki EJ, Perez Hoguin RA, King S, Razavi NC, Scow JS. High-Grade Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Indication for Colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 2023; 66:262-268. [PMID: 35714339 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk of colorectal cancer and are recommended to undergo increased surveillance compared to the general population. Currently, inadequate evidence exists to guide management of colonic dysplasia discovered during screening of inflammatory bowel disease patients. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease with dysplasia on colonoscopy. DESIGN This was a retrospective study. SETTING This study was conducted at a high-volume, quaternary referral center with an inflammatory bowel disease program. PATIENTS Patients with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease with colonoscopy within 6 months of colectomy were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures included finding of colorectal cancer at time of colectomy. RESULTS There were 621 patients, 233 with ulcerative colitis and 388 with Crohn's disease. Of ulcerative colitis patients, 25 had low-grade dysplasia on colonoscopy with 1 (4%) found to have colorectal cancer at colectomy. High-grade dysplasia was noted preoperatively in 14 and colorectal cancer was found in 4 (29%) after colectomy. Compared to no dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia did not increase the risk of colorectal cancer (OR 1.98, p = 0.47), but high-grade dysplasia had an increased risk (OR 19.0, p < 0.001) of colorectal cancer. For the 7 patients with Crohn's disease and low-grade dysplasia, colorectal cancer was found in 1 patient (14%) at colectomy. High-grade dysplasia was noted preoperatively in 4 patients with Crohn's Disease, and colorectal cancer was found in 3 patients (75%) after colectomy. Compared to no dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia did not increase the risk of colorectal cancer (OR 12.4, p = 0.88), but high-grade dysplasia did increase the risk of colorectal cancer (OR 223.2, p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS This study was limited by its retrospective review. CONCLUSION In both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, low-grade dysplasia was not associated with colorectal cancer. High-grade dysplasia was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer at time of colectomy. While continued surveillance may be appropriate for low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia necessitates surgical resection given the high likelihood of colorectal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B887 . DISPLASIA DE ALTO GRADO EN LA ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA INTESTINAL INDICACIN DE COLECTOMA ANTECEDENTES:Los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal tienen un mayor riesgo de cáncer colorrectal y se recomienda someterse a una mayor vigilancia en comparación con la población general. Actualmente, existe evidencia inadecuada para guiar el manejo de la displasia colónica descubierta durante la valoracion de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.OBJETIVO:Determinar el riesgo de cáncer colorrectal en pacientes con colitis ulcerosa o enfermedad de Crohn con displasia en la colonoscopia.DISEÑO:Este fue un estudio retrospectivo.AJUSTE:Este estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de referencia cuaternario de alto volumen con un programa de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.PACIENTES:Pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal con colonoscopia dentro de los 6 meses posteriores a la colectomía.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Las principales medidas de resultado incluyeron el hallazgo de cáncer colorrectal en el momento de la colectomía.RESULTADOS:Hubo 621 pacientes: 233 con colitis ulcerosa y 388 con enfermedad de Crohn. De los pacientes con colitis ulcerosa, 25 tenían displasia de bajo grado en la colonoscopia y 1 (4%) tenía cáncer colorrectal en la colectomía. Se observó displasia de alto grado antes de la operación en 14 y cáncer colorrectal en 4 (29%) después de la colectomía. En comparación con la ausencia de displasia, la displasia de bajo grado no aumentó el riesgo de cáncer colorrectal (Odds Ratio 1,98, p = 0,47), pero la displasia de alto grado tuvo un mayor riesgo (OR 19,0, p <0,001) de cáncer colorrectal. Para los 7 pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y displasia de bajo grado, se encontró cáncer colorrectal en 1 (14%) en la colectomía. Se observó displasia de alto grado antes de la operación en 4 pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y cáncer colorrectal en 3 pacientes (75%) después de la colectomía. En comparación con la ausencia de displasia, la displasia de bajo grado no aumentó el riesgo de cáncer colorrectal (Odds Ratio 12.4, p = 0.88), pero la displasia de alto grado sí aumentó el riesgo de cáncer colorrectal (Odds Ratio 223.2, p <.001).LIMITACIONES:Este estudio estuvo limitado por su revisión retrospectiva. CONCLUSIN Tanto en la colitis ulcerosa como en la enfermedad de Crohn, la displasia de bajo grado no se asoció con el cáncer colorrectal. La displasia de alto grado se asoció con un mayor riesgo de cáncer colorrectal en el momento de la colectomía. Si bien la vigilancia continua puede ser apropiada para la displasia de bajo grado, la displasia de alto grado requiere resección quirúrgica dada la alta probabilidad de cáncer colorrectal. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B887 . (Traducción-Dr Yolanda Colorado ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Olecki
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsyvlania
| | - Rolfy A Perez Hoguin
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsyvlania
| | - Steven King
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Nina C Razavi
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffery S Scow
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Furtado FS, Suarez-Weiss KE, Amorim BJ, Clark JW, Picchio M, Harisinghani M, Catalano OA. Gastrointestinal imaging. CLINICAL PET/MRI 2023:333-364. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-88537-9.00015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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18
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Lu L, Sha L, Feng Y, Yan L. Multidisciplinary treatment of a patient with severe immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:13108-13114. [PMID: 36569020 PMCID: PMC9782922 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i35.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a new class of antitumor drugs that have been approved to treat a variety of malignant tumors. However, the occurrence of immune related adverse events (irAEs) has become an important reason for terminating treatment. ICIs sometimes lead to diarrhea and colitis, with severe enterocolitis potentially causing the hemorrhage of the lower gastrointestinal tract and colonic perforation. ICI-associated colitis is primarily treated with glucorticosteroids and/or agents targeting tumor necrosis factor-α. Here, we describe a case of severe ICI-associated colitis due to anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) (durvalumab) treatment for small cell lung cancer with liver metastasis. The patient exhibited a poor response to rescuable therapy, and eventually received a laparoscopic subtotal colectomy and ileostomy. The data presented here will contribute to optimizing current treatment strategies for patients with severe ICI-associated colitis.
CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man was admitted for a second course of anti-PD-L1 + IP (durvalumab + irinotecan + cisplatin) treatment to manage lung cancer with liver metastasis, diagnosed 1 mo previously. Four days after the second dose, the patient developed abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Due to the anti-PD-L1 medication history and colonoscopy findings of the patient, he was diagnosed with a colitis associated with ICI treatment. After treatment with sufficient glucocorticoids and two courses of infliximab, the patient developed severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding. After adequate assessment, the patient was treated by laparoscopic surgery, and was discharged in stable condition.
CONCLUSION The early screening and hierarchical management of irAEs need the joint participation of a multidisciplinary team. For ICI-related colitis with ineffective medical treatment, timely surgical intervention could prevent the death of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Sha
- Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
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Chen SL, Faye AS, Chang S. Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis in the Older Adult: a Review of Postoperative Outcomes and Pouchitis Treatment. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN GASTROENTEROLOGY 2022; 20:564-581. [PMID: 36844648 PMCID: PMC9957085 DOI: 10.1007/s11938-022-00405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the preferred surgical treatment for patients with medically refractive ulcerative colitis (UC). Previous studies have suggested that outcomes of this procedure may be worse in older patients; however, more recent reports have suggested that IPAA in select patients is safe, feasible, and results in good quality of life. In this review, we discuss the recent literature surrounding clinical considerations and treatment management of IPAA in older adults. RECENT FINDINGS IPAA complication rates and adverse events are similar in the older adult population, as compared to the younger adult patient population. Although fecal urgency and incontinence may be more common among older adults, chronological age alone is not a contraindication for IPAA surgery, as good quality of life can still be achieved. In this review, we will also discuss the development of pouchitis after IPAA, particularly among older adults, as the emergence of newer biologic drugs has shifted the treatment landscape. SUMMARY IPAA can be a safe and effective treatment modality for older adults with UC, with high self-reported patient satisfaction. Patient optimization and careful case selection are vital to achieving these outcomes, and specialized preoperative assessments and counseling can help facilitate the proper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina L. Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 305 East 33rd Street, NY 10016 New York, USA
| | - Adam S. Faye
- Department of Gastroenterology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 305 East 33rd Street, NY 10016 New York, USA
| | - Shannon Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 305 East 33rd Street, NY 10016 New York, USA
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20
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Addison P, Keshinro AO, Schwartzberg DM. The Benefits and Drawbacks of Staging Pelvic Pouches. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2022; 35:445-452. [PMID: 36591400 PMCID: PMC9797283 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, physicians have searched for way to improve the lives of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Early attempts of curative resection left the patients with a permanent stoma with only primitive stoma appliances available. Gradually, stoma care improved and operations were devised to give the patient bowel continuity without the need for a permanent ostomy. As these operations were evolving, benefits and drawbacks related to fertility, ease of small bowel reach to the pelvis, and postoperative pelvic sepsis were observed. In this article, we will elucidate the various ways pelvic pouches are used to treat UC and the rationale for the timing of surgery as well as the evolution of stoma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poppy Addison
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Ajaratu O. Keshinro
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David M. Schwartzberg
- Division of Colorectal Surgery and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Surgery, New York–Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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21
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Stoma-less IPAA Is Not Associated With Increased Anastomotic Leak Rate or Long-term Pouch Failure in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 2022; 65:1342-1350. [PMID: 35001049 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is debate regarding the utility of diverting loop ileostomy with IPAA construction in patients requiring colectomy for ulcerative colitis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether the omission of diverting loop ileostomy at the time of IPAA construction increases the risk of complications. DESIGN This was a retrospective study. SETTINGS The study was conducted in a high-volume, quaternary referral center with an IBD program. PATIENTS The patients, who underwent IPAA with or without ileostomy, were diagnosed for ulcerative colitis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anastomotic leak rate and pouch failure rates were determined between patients who either had a diverting ileostomy at the time of IPAA creation or had stoma-less IPAA. RESULTS Of the 414 patients included in this study, 91 had stoma-less IPAA. When compared to IPAA with diverting loop ileostomy, patients with stoma-less IPAA were less likely to be taking prednisone and had decreased blood loss. Short- and long-term outcomes were similar when comparing stoma-less IPAA and IPAA with diverting loop ileostomy, with no significant difference in anastomotic leak rate and long-term pouch failure rates. Diverting loop ileostomy was associated with a 14.6% risk of complication at the time of stoma reversal. LIMITATIONS The study is limited by its retrospective nature. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the omission of a diverting ileostomy is feasible in select patients undergoing IPAA. Stoma-less IPAA does not have a statistically significant higher risk of anastomotic leak or pouch failure when compared to IPAA with diverting loop ileostomy in properly selected patients. Diverting loop ileostomies have their own risks, which partially offset their perceived safety. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B891 .LA ANASTOMÓSIS DE RESERVORIO ILEAL AL ANO SIN ESTOMA NO ESTÁ ASOCIADO CON UN AUMENTO EN LA TASA DE FUGA ANASTOMÓTICA O DISFUNCIÓN DE LA BOLSA A LARGO PLAZO EN PACIENTES CON COLITIS ULCERATIVA. ANTECEDENTES Existe debate en lo que respecta a la utilidad de efectuar una ileostomía en asa en la construcción de una anastomosis de reservorio ileal al ano en pacientes que requieren colectomía para colitis ulcerativa. OBJETIVO Determinar si el evitar una ileostomía de derivación en el momento de efectuar una anstomósis de reservorio ileal al ano aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones. DISEO Estudio retrospectivo. REFERENCIA Centro de referencia de cuarto nivel de grandes volúmenes con programa de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. PACIENTES Con diagnóstico de colitis ulcerativa sometidos a anastomosis de reservorio ileal al ano con o sin ileostomía derivative. PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS Tasa de fuga anastomótica y disfunción del reservorio en pacientes sometidos a anastomosis de reservorio ileal al ano con ileostomía derivativa en el mismo evento y aquellos sin derivación de protección. RESULTADOS De los 414 pacientes incluídos en el estudio, 91 no contaban con ileostomía de protección de la anastomosis del reservorio ileal al ano. Al comprarse con aquellos con ileostomía derivativa, aquellos sin estoma requirieron menor dosis de prednisona y presentaron menor pérdida sanguínea. Los resultados a corto y largo plazo fueron similares al comprar ambos grupos sin haber evidencia significativa de fuga anastomótica o falla del reservorio a largo plazo. La derivación con ileostomía en asa se asoció en un 14.6% de riesgo de complicaciones al efectuar el cierre de la misma. LIMITACIONES Es una revision retrospectiva. CONCLUSIONES : Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la omisión de una ileostomía de protección es posible en pacientes seleccionados sometidos a una anastomosis de reservorio ileoanal. La anastomosis sin derivación de protección no confiere un riesgo estadísticamente significativo de fuga anastomótica o disfunción de la misma al compararse con el procedimiento con estoma derivativo en pacientes seleccionados. Las ileostomías de derivación en asa tienen su propia morbilidad que cuestiona la perfección de su seguridad. Consulte Video Resumen at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B891 . (Traducción- Dr. Miguel Esquivel-Herrera ).
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22
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Westberg K, Olén O, Söderling J, Bengtsson J, Ludvigsson JF, Everhov ÅH, Myrelid P, Nordenvall C. Primary Versus Staged Reconstruction and Risk of Surgical Failure in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: a Nation-wide Cohort Study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1301-1308. [PMID: 34792582 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restorative surgery after colectomy due to ulcerative colitis (UC) may be performed simultaneously with colectomy (primary) or as a staged procedure. Risk factors for failure after restorative surgery are not fully explored. This study aimed to compare the risk of failure after primary and staged reconstruction. METHODS This is a national register-based cohort study of all patients 15 to 69 years old in Sweden treated with colectomy due to UC and who received an ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) between 1997 and 2017. Failure was defined as a reoperation with new ileostomy after restorative surgery or a remaining defunctioning ileostomy after 2 years. Risk of failure was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression adjusted for sex, age, calendar period, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and duration of UC. RESULTS Of 2172 included patients, 843 (38.8%) underwent primary reconstruction, and 1329 (61.2%) staged reconstruction. Staged reconstruction was associated with a decreased risk of failure compared with primary reconstruction (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58-0.91). The 10-year cumulative risk of failure was 15% vs 20% after staged and primary reconstruction, respectively. In all, 1141 patients (52.5%) received an IPAA and 1031 (47.5%) an IRA. In stratified multivariable models, staged reconstruction was more successful than primary reconstruction in both IRA (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.54-1.04) and IPAA (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.52-1.01), although risk estimates failed to attain statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS In UC patients undergoing colectomy, postponing restorative surgery may decrease the risk of failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Westberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Division of Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Olén
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Söderling
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bengtsson
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas F Ludvigsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm and Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Åsa H Everhov
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pär Myrelid
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University Hospital and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Caroline Nordenvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Duraes LC, Liang J, Steele SR, Cengiz B, Delaney CP, Holubar SD, Gorgun E. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in elderly patients - is advanced age a contraindication? ANZ J Surg 2022; 92:2180-2184. [PMID: 35434821 PMCID: PMC9542127 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim We aimed to determine pouch function and retention rate for restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) in elderly patients. Methods We identified patients over 50 years old subjected to IPAA for confirmed pathological UC from 1980 until 2016. Patients were grouped according to age: 50–59, 60–69 and 70+ years. Short and long‐term outcomes and quality of life (QOL) were compared among the groups. Results Six hundred and one patients were identified (399 (66.4%) between 50–59 181 (30.1%) between 60–69, and 21 (3.5%) over 70 years of age). More males were in the 70+ arm, and more two‐stage procedures were performed in this group. Wound infection increased with age (P = 0.023). There was a trend of more fistula and pouchitis in the 70+ patients (P = 0.052 and P = 0.055, respectively). Pouch failure rate increased with age, and it was statistically significant in the 70+ cohort (P = 0.015). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression showed that pelvic sepsis (HR 4.8 (95% CI 1.5–15.4), P = 0.009), fistula (HR 6.0 (95% CI 1.7–21.5), and mucosectomy with handsewn anastomosis (HR 4.5 (95% CI 1.4–14.7)), were independently associated with pouch failure. No difference was observed in the QOL among the groups, but pouch function was better for patients younger than 60 years. Conclusion In elderly patients with UC, IPAA may be offered with reasonable functional outcomes, and ileal pouch retention rates, as an alternative to the permanent stoma. Stapled anastomosis increases the chance of pouch retention and should be recommended as long as the distal rectum does not carry dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo C Duraes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott R Steele
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bora Cengiz
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Conor P Delaney
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stefan D Holubar
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Emre Gorgun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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24
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Moghadamyeghaneh Z, Rahimi M, Kopatsis K, Kopatsis AP, Kopatsis A. Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach to Toxic Colitis. Am Surg 2022; 88:1411-1419. [PMID: 35331011 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221080420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare outcomes of surgical treatments of toxic colitis (infectious/inflammatory/ischemic) by the extent of colectomy (partial vs total colectomy) and different surgical approaches (minimally invasive surgery (MIS) vs open). METHODS Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was used to investigate outcomes of patients with toxic colitis who underwent emergent colectomy during 2012-2019 by surgical approach and the extent of resection using NSQIP database. RESULTS Overall, 2,104 adult patients underwent emergent colectomy for toxic colitis within NSQIP database during 2012-2019. Overall, 1,578 (75.4%) underwent total colectomy with colostomy, 486 (23.2%) underwent partial colectomy with colostomy, and 28 (1.3%) underwent partial colectomy with anastomosis. Overall, 198 (9.4%) of procedures were minimally invasive (MIS) with a 40.1% conversion rate to open. Thirty days mortality and morbidity of the patients were 31 and 86%, respectively. There was no significant difference in mortality of partial colectomy without anastomosis compared to total colectomy (P = .86) and partial colectomy with anastomosis (P = .64). Anastomosis was associated with 32.3% anastomosis leakage and 17.9% reoperation. MIS approach was associated with significant decrease in mortality (8.6 vs 33.3%, AOR: .35, P < .01) and morbidity (62.9 vs 87.8%, AOR: .49, P < .01) of patients. CONCLUSION Patients with toxic colitis undergoing surgical treatment have high mortality and morbidity. An MIS approach when possible is significantly associated with decreased morbidity and mortality of patients. There was no significant difference in outcomes seen when extending the resection in multivariate analysis. Anastomosis is associated with a high anastomosis leakage and need for reoperation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhobin Moghadamyeghaneh
- Department of Surgery, 2012NYC Health and Hospitals-Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, 5925Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Murwarid Rahimi
- Department of Surgery, 2012NYC Health and Hospitals-Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Kopatsis
- Department of Surgery, 2012NYC Health and Hospitals-Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA
| | | | - Anthony Kopatsis
- Department of Surgery, 2012NYC Health and Hospitals-Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, 5925Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/Elmhurst, Queens, NY, USA
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25
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Kröner PT, Merchea A, Colibaseanu D, Picco MF, Farraye FA, Stocchi L. The use of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in patients with ulcerative colitis from 2009 to 2018. Colorectal Dis 2022; 24:308-313. [PMID: 34743378 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The existing literature was updated, assessing the use of surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis in more recent years. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study identifying all patients with ulcerative colitis within the National Inpatient Sample, years 2009-2018. All patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes for ulcerative colitis were included. The primary outcome was the trend in total number of total abdominal colectomy, proctocolectomy and simultaneous versus delayed pouch construction. RESULTS A total of 1 184 711 ulcerative-colitis-related admissions were identified. An increase of 18.6% in the number of patients was observed, while the number of surgeries decreased. A total of 40 499 patients underwent total colectomy, annually decreasing from 5241 to 3185. The number of proctocolectomies without pouch decreased from 1191 to 530, while the number of patients undergoing pouch construction decreased from 2225 to 1284. The proportion of patients undergoing initial pouch at time of proctocolectomy decreased from 995 (45%) to 265 (21%), while the proportion of patients undergoing delayed pouch construction in 2018 was 79% (n = 1120). CONCLUSION Surgery use in ulcerative colitis has decreased in the last decade despite increasing numbers of hospital admissions in patients with this condition. While the overall proportion of patients undergoing pouch construction remained stable, the majority of patients were initially treated with total colectomy and their ileal pouches werre constructed in a delayed fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Kröner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Amit Merchea
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Dorin Colibaseanu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael F Picco
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Luca Stocchi
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Ortenzi M, Balla A, Lezoche G, Colozzi S, Vergari R, Corallino D, Palmieri L, Meoli F, Paganini AM, Guerrieri M. Complications after bowel resection for inflammatory bowel disease associated cancer. A systematic literature review. Minerva Surg 2022; 77:272-280. [PMID: 35175015 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.22.09369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated colorectal cancer represents the 1-2% of all patients affected by colorectal carcinoma, but it is frequent responsible for death in these patients. Aim of this systematic review was to report the complications after bowel resection in patients with IBD associated cancer. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. The search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases. A total of 54,084 articles were found. Of these 38,954 were eliminated because were duplicates between the searches. Of the remaining 15,130 articles, 14,888 were excluded after screening title and abstract. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Two-hundred-forty-two articles were fully analyzed, and 239 further articles were excluded. Finally, three articles were included for a total of 63 patients. Overall, 38 early postoperative complications (60.3%) were observed. Of these, anastomotic leakage occurred in 13 patients (20.6%). The indication for surgery was ulcerative colitis in 52 patients (82.5%), Crohn's disease in 8 patients (12.7%) and indeterminate colitis in 3 patients (4.8%). Intraoperative complications, readmission and postoperative mortality were not observed. CONCLUSIONS Complication rate after bowel resection for IBD associated cancer is not different from complication rate after colorectal surgery for other diseases. Given the high probability of developing a cancer and the time correlated occurrence of malignancy in IBD patients, it should be debated if a surgical resection should be performed as soon as dysplasia is detected in IBD patients or earlier in their life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ortenzi
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Balla
- Unit of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, San Paolo Hospital, Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy -
| | - Giovanni Lezoche
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sara Colozzi
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Vergari
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Diletta Corallino
- Paride Stefanini Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Palmieri
- Paride Stefanini Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Meoli
- Paride Stefanini Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Paganini
- Paride Stefanini Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Guerrieri
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Vogel JD, Felder SI, Bhama AR, Hawkins AT, Langenfeld SJ, Shaffer VO, Thorsen AJ, Weiser MR, Chang GJ, Lightner AL, Feingold DL, Paquette IM. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Colon Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2022; 65:148-177. [PMID: 34775402 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy J Thorsen
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Associates, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Abstract
BACKGROUND No long-term pouch studies have included follow-up >30 years or an analysis in patients >80 years old. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate pouch function and pouch failure in patients with a pouch in situ >30 years and in patients >80 years old. DESIGN This is a retrospective review. SETTING This study was conducted at an IBD referral center. PATIENTS Adult patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent an IPAA between 1983 and 1990 were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes measured were pouch function and pouch failure rates. METHODS Data collection included diagnosis, age at IPAA, indication for IPAA, medications at IPAA, pathology at the time of IPAA, postoperative morbidity, functional outcomes, quality of life, pouch excision or ileostomy and indication, and date of last follow-up. All living patients were contacted in April 2020 to retrieve functional data and pouch failure rates. RESULTS A total of 566 patients had a pouch constructed between 1983 and 1990; of the 145 at most recent contact, 75 had their pouch in situ ≥30 years and 14 were ≥80 years old. Mean age at diagnosis was 25.8 years (10.6 SD), age at surgery was 34.7 years (11.3 SD), and age at last follow-up was 60.5 years (13.2 SD). At a median of 30 years (IQR, 21-32), 145 patients responded to the functional survey. Significantly increased rates of urgency (always, mostly, sometimes: 71.5% vs 23.5%) and seepage during the day (71.4% vs 22.4%) were observed in patients ≥80 years. In patients ≥80 years with a pouch in situ ≥30 years, urgency and incontinence were sometimes experienced by nearly 50% and pouch failure occurred in one third of patients. The overall rate of pouch failure was 19.4% (n = 110) at a median follow-up of 15 years; risk factors were female sex, 3-stage approach, and pelvic sepsis. LIMITATIONS A retrospective database was used. CONCLUSION Patients with IPAA maintain good pouch function even after 30 years and in patients over the age of 80 years. Pouch function declines with time and failure rates increase over time. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B684.Función De La Bolsa Ileal En El Tiempo Y En Pacientes De Edad Avanzada. ANTECEDENTES No se han efectuado estudios en pacientes con bolsa a largo plazo que incluyan un seguimiento por treinta años o más y en pacientes mayores de 80 años. OBJETIVO Investigar la funcionalidad o la falla de la bolsa en pacientes bolsa in situ por mas de treinta años y en pacientes mayors de 80 años. DISEO Revisión retrospective. ESCENARIO Centro de referencia de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal. PACIENTES Pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de colitis ulcerative sometidos a anastomosis bolsa ileal anal (IPAA) entre 1983 y 1990. PRINCIPALES PARAMETROS DE RESULTADOS Indices de efectividad y disfunción de la bolsa ileal. METODOS Recopilación de la información incluyendo diagnóstico, edad del procedimiento (IPAA), indicaciones para IPAA, medicamentos para IPAA, patología en el transcurso del IPAA, morbilidad postoperatoria, resultados funcionales, calidad de vida, excisión de la bolsa o ileostomía y su indicación y fecha de seguimiento mas reciente. Se contactaron a todos los pacientes vivos en abril de 202 para recuperar la información de los índices de funcionalidad o disfunción de la bolsa. RESULTADOS Se les construyó una bolsa a un total de 566 pacientes entre 1983 y 1990; de los 145 mas recientemente contactados, 75 permanecían con su bolsa in situ ≥ 30 años y 14 eran mayores de 80 años. La edad media en el momento de diagnóstico fue de 25.8 años (con desviación estándar de 10.6, sd), edad al momento de la cirugía fue de 34.7 años (11.3sd), y la edad en el último seguimiento de 60.5 años (13.2,sd). A una media de 30 años (IQR: 21,32), 145 pacientes respondieron al cuestionario de funcionalidad. En pacientes mayores de 80 años se observaron tasas aumentadas de urgencia (siempre, la mayor parte de las veces, algunas veces: 71.5% vs 23.5%) y fuga durante el día (71.4% versus 22.4%). En pacientes mayores de 80 años con una bolsa in situ durante 30 años o más, experimentaron urgencia e incontinencia en cerca del 50% y disfunción de la bolsa en un tercio de los pacientes. La tasa global de fallo de la bolsa fue de 19.4% (n = 110) en un seguimiento a 15 años; los factores de riesgo asociados fueron: sexo femenino, abordaje de tres tiempos y sepsis pélvica. LIMITACIONES Información retrospective. CONCLUSIONES Los pacientes con IPAA continúan con una función adecuada de la bolsa aún después de 30 años de efectuada así como en pacientes mayores de 80 años. La funcionalidad de la bolsa disminuye con el tiempo y las tasa de falla aumentan de igual forma con el tiempo. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B684. (Traducción- Dr. Miguel Esquivel-Herrera).
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Bhurwal A, Minacapelli CD, Patel A, Mutneja H, Goel A, Shah I, Bansal V, Brahmbhatt B, Das KM. Evaluation of a U.S. National Cohort to Determine Utilization in Colectomy Rates for Ulcerative Colitis Among Ethnicities. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:54-61. [PMID: 33534892 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colectomy is the curative management for ulcerative colitis (UC). Multiple studies have reported racial disparities for colectomy before the advent of anti-TNF alpha agents. The aim of this study was to describe racial and geographic differences in colectomy rates among hospitalized patients with UC after anti-TNF therapy was introduced. METHODS We examined all patients discharged from the hospital between 2010 and 2014 with a primary diagnosis of UC or of complications of UC. The data were evaluated for race and colectomy rates among the hospitalized patients with UC. RESULTS The unadjusted national colectomy rate among hospitalized patients with UC between 2010 and 2014 was 3.90 per 1000 hospitalization days (95% confidence interval, 3.72-4.08). The undajusted colectomy rates in African American (2.33 vs 4.35; P < 0.001) and Hispanic patients (3.99 vs 4.35; P ≤ 0.009) were considerably lower than those for White patients. After adjustment for confounders, the incidence rate ratio for African American as compared to White patients was 0.43 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.58; P < 0.001). Geographic region of the United States also showed significant variation in colectomy rates, with western regions having the highest rate (4.76 vs 3.20; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Racial and geographical disparities persist for the rate of colectomy among hospitalized patients with UC. The national database analysis reveals that colectomy rates for hospitalized African American and Hispanic patients were lower than those for White patients. Further studies are important to determine the social and biologic foundations of these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bhurwal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Carlos D Minacapelli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anish Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hemant Mutneja
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Akshay Goel
- Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ishani Shah
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University St. Joseph Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Vikas Bansal
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bhaumik Brahmbhatt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Kiron M Das
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA) for colitis; development of Crohn's and Pouchitis. Am J Surg 2022; 224:453-458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Treatment of severe and fulminant colitis. SEMINARS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scrs.2022.100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Saad MK, Fiani E, Saikaly E. Mesenteric Lengthening in Pouch Surgery: Review of Surgical Techniques. JOURNAL OF COLOPROCTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDescribed for the first time in the medical literature in 1978 by Parks and Nicholls, total proctocolectomy with ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is nowadays the procedure of choice for patients with ulcerative colitis in whom the medical therapy has, a selected group of patients with Crohńs disease, and for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Despite the advances in medical treatment regarding inflammatory bowel disease, up to 30% of patients still require surgery, and restorative proctocolectomy and IPAA are the mainstay of the surgical treatment. It is considered a demanding and technically-challenging procedure, with the main challenge being the performance of a tension-free IPAA; the main reason for failure of the tension-free anastomosis is a shortened mesentery. With particular attention to detail, sufficient length can be achieved to enable a safe anastomosis in most patients. Herein, we describe the available techniques to lengthen the mesentery of the ileal pouch to perform an easy-to-reach tension-free anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kyriakos Saad
- General Surgery Department, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Surgery, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias Fiani
- Gastroenterology Department, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Surgery, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias Saikaly
- General Surgery Department, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Surgery, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
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33
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Reznicek E, Arfeen M, Shen B, Ghouri YA. Colorectal Dysplasia and Cancer Surveillance in Ulcerative Colitis. Diseases 2021; 9:86. [PMID: 34842672 PMCID: PMC8628786 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a risk factor for the development of inflammation-associated dysplasia or colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN). This transformation results from chronic inflammation, which induces changes in epithelial proliferation, survival, and migration via the induction of chemokines and cytokines. There are notable differences in genetic mutation profiles between CAN in UC patients and sporadic colorectal cancer in the general population. Colonoscopy is the cornerstone for surveillance and management of dysplasia in these patients. There are several modalities to augment the quality of endoscopy for the better detection of dysplastic or neoplastic lesions, including the use of high-definition white-light exam and image-enhanced colonoscopy, which are described in this review. Clinical practice guidelines regarding surveillance strategies in UC have been put forth by various GI societies, and overall, there is agreement between them except for some differences, which we highlight in this article. These guidelines recommend that endoscopically detected dysplasia, if feasible, should be resected endoscopically. Advanced newer techniques, such as endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection, have been utilized in the treatment of CAN. Surgery has traditionally been the mainstay of treating such advanced lesions, and in cases where endoscopic resection is not feasible, a proctocolectomy, followed by ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, is generally recommended. In this review we summarize the approach to surveillance for cancer and dysplasia in UC. We also highlight management strategies if dysplasia is detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Reznicek
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Mohammad Arfeen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA
| | - Bo Shen
- Interventional IBD Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yezaz A. Ghouri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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34
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Brar MS, de Buck van Overstraeten A, Baxter NN. Rectal Cancer Incidence is Low Following Rectal Diversion or Subtotal Colectomy for IBD: Results of a Population-based Study. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1787-1798. [PMID: 34165532 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Following subtotal colectomy or diversion for medically refractory inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], completion proctectomy has been recommended to reduce the risk of rectal cancer. However, this recommendation is based on low-quality evidence. Our objectives were to estimate the cumulative incidence of rectal cancer and evaluate if surveillance endoscopy reduces the risk of rectal cancer. METHODS We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada, of all patients undergoing either subtotal colectomy or diversion for medically refractory IBD over 1991-2015. We excluded patients with a previous history of colorectal cancer or previous rectal resection, and those with <1 year of observation. We calculated the rate of incident rectal cancer using a competing risks model, and evaluated the effect of surveillance endoscopy on the rate of rectal cancer. RESULTS In all, 3700 patients were included with a median follow-up of 4.3 years. Of this cohort, 47% underwent rectal resection or restoration of gastrointestinal [GI] continuity during the observation period; 40 patients were diagnosed with rectal cancer, with a cumulative incidence of rectal cancer of 0.81% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53%, 1.20%) and 1.86% [95% CI 1.29%, 2.61%] at 10 and 20 years, respectively. Surveillance endoscopy was associated with a lower rate of rectal cancer (subhazard ratio [sHR] 0.37, 95% CI 0.16, 0.82, p = 0.014]. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with a retained rectum following surgery for IBD, the risk of rectal cancer is low and appears to be lower when surveillance endoscopy is performed. Expectant management with surveillance endoscopy may be a reasonable alternative to completion proctectomy in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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35
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Cohan JN, Ozanne EM, Hofer RK, Kelly YM, Kata A, Larsen C, Finlayson E. Ileostomy or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: patient participation and decisional needs. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:347. [PMID: 34538236 PMCID: PMC8451075 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 30% of patients with ulcerative colitis will undergo surgery resulting in an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) or permanent end ileostomy (EI). We aimed to understand how patients decide between these two options. METHODS We performed semi-structured interviews with ulcerative colitis patients who underwent surgery. Areas of questioning included the degree to which patients participated in decision-making, challenges experienced, and suggestions for improving the decision-making process. We analyzed the data using a directed content and thematic approach. RESULTS We interviewed 16 patients ranging in age from 28 to 68 years. Nine were male, 10 underwent IPAA, and 6 underwent EI. When it came to participation in decision-making, 11 patients felt independently responsible for decision-making, 3 shared decision-making with the surgeon, and 2 experienced surgeon-led decision-making. Themes regarding challenges during decision-making included lack of support from family, lack of time to discuss options with the surgeon, and the overwhelming complexity of the decision. Themes for ways to improve decision-making included the need for additional information, the desire for peer education, and earlier consultation with a surgeon. Only 3 patients were content with the information used to decide about surgery. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ulcerative colitis who need surgery largely experience independence when deciding between IPAA and EI, but struggle with inadequate educational information and social support. Patients may benefit from early access to surgeons and peer guidance to enhance independence in decision-making. Preoperative educational materials describing surgical complications and postoperative lifestyle could improve decision-making and facilitate discussions with loved ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Cohan
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
| | - Elissa M Ozanne
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rebecca K Hofer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne M Kelly
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna Kata
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Craig Larsen
- Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian-Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Emily Finlayson
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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36
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The Role of Biomarkers in Surgery for Ulcerative Colitis: A Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153362. [PMID: 34362144 PMCID: PMC8348722 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition that generally affects the rectum and extends proximally into the colon in a continuous, distal-to-proximal pattern. Surgical resection (total proctocolectomy) is the only cure for UC and is often necessary in managing complicated or refractory disease. However, recent advances in biologically targeted therapies have resulted in improved disease control, and surgery is required in only a fraction of cases. This ever-increasing array of options for medical management has added complexity to surgical decision-making. In some circumstances, the added time required to ensure failure of medical therapy can delay colectomy in patients who will ultimately need it. Indeed, many patients with severe disease undergo trials of multiple medical therapies prior to considering surgery. In severe cases of UC, continued medical management has been associated with a delay to surgical intervention and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers represent a burgeoning field of research, particularly in inflammatory bowel disease and cancer. This review seeks to highlight the different possible settings for surgery in UC and the role various biomarkers might play in each.
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37
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Holubar SD, Lightner AL, Poylin V, Vogel JD, Gaertner W, Davis B, Davis KG, Mahadevan U, Shah SA, Kane SV, Steele SR, Paquette IM, Feingold DL. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Surgical Management of Ulcerative Colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 2021; 64:783-804. [PMID: 33853087 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan D Holubar
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amy L Lightner
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vitaliy Poylin
- McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jon D Vogel
- Colorectal Surgery Section, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wolfgang Gaertner
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Bradley Davis
- Colon and Rectal Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Uma Mahadevan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Samir A Shah
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sunanda V Kane
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Scott R Steele
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ian M Paquette
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Daniel L Feingold
- Section of Colorectal Surgery, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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38
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Reinke CE, Lim RB. Minimally invasive acute care surgery. Curr Probl Surg 2021; 59:101031. [PMID: 35227422 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2021.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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39
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Reinke CE, Lim RB. Minimally Invasive Acute Care Surgery. Curr Probl Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2021.101033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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40
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Horio Y, Uchino M, Kihara T, Bando T, Kuwahara R, Minagawa T, Kusunoki K, Watanabe K, Hirota S, Ikeuchi H. Potential problems of partial resection for colitis-associated cancer in a patient with ulcerative colitis: case report. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab086. [PMID: 33777355 PMCID: PMC7984846 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Total proctocolectomy and an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis are recommended as the standard procedure for ulcerative colitis (UC)-colitis-associated cancer (CAC). However, several studies have reported the partial colectomy and endoscopic resection of UC-CAC in recent years. We present a surgical case of UC-CAC that was detected at a site that had not been diagnosed preoperatively, and we report potential problems of partial colectomy and endoscopic resection through this case. Considerations of synchronous and metachronous cancer/dysplasia are important before partial resection is planned for CAC in UC. Moreover, it should be noted that endoscopic resection at the anal site can be a risk factor for pouch surgery failure due to fibrosis after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Horio
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Motoi Uchino
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takako Kihara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Bando
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kuwahara
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Minagawa
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kurando Kusunoki
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikeuchi
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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Pruitt LCC, Bucher BT, Allen CM, Short SS. Early ileal pouch anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis in children: Similar outcome to delayed pouch construction despite higher comorbidity. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:245-249. [PMID: 33131777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with ulcerative colitis (UC) may undergo a staged approach for restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA). Previous studies in adults suggest a decreased morbidity with delayed pouch creation, but pediatric studies are limited. We compared outcomes for delayed versus early pouch construction in children. METHODS Patients with UC undergoing IPAA were selected from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database from 2012 to 2018. Patients were categorized as early (2-stage) or delayed (3-stage) pouch construction based on Current Procedural Terminology codes. Our primary outcome was any adverse event. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to assess the relationship between timing of pouch creation and adverse events. RESULTS We identified 371 children who underwent IPAA: 157 (42.3%) had early pouch creation and 214 (57.6%) had a delayed pouch. Those with an early pouch creation were more likely to have exposure to immunosuppressants (11% vs. 5%, p = 0.017) and steroids (30% vs. 10%, p < 0.001) at the time of surgery. After controlling for patient characteristics, there were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Children undergoing early pouch creation have increased exposure to steroids and immune suppressants; nevertheless, no differences in adverse events were identified. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liese C C Pruitt
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Salt Lake City, UT.
| | - Brian T Bucher
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Scott S Short
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Salt Lake City, UT
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Meyer J, Roos E, Abbassi Z, Toso C, Ris F, Buchs NC. The role of perineal application of prophylactic negative-pressure wound therapy for prevention of wound-related complications after abdomino-perineal resection: a systematic review. Int J Colorectal Dis 2021; 36:19-26. [PMID: 32886194 PMCID: PMC7782377 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03732-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Closed perineal wounds often fail to heal by primary intention after abdomino-perineal resection (APR) and are often complicated by surgical site infection (SSI) and/or wound dehiscence. Recent evidence showed encouraging results of prophylactic negative-pressure wound therapy (pNPWT) for prevention of wound-related complications in surgery. Our objective was to gather and discuss the early existing literature regarding the use of pNPWT to prevent wound-related complications on perineal wounds after APR. METHODS Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for original publications and congress abstracts reporting the use of pNPWT after APR on closed perineal wounds. RESULTS Seven publications were included for analysis. Two publications reported significantly lower incidence of SSI in pNPWT patients than in controls with a risk reduction of about 25-30%. Two other publications described similar incidences of SSI between the two groups of patients but described SSI in pNPWT patients to be less severe. One study reported significantly lower incidence of wound dehiscence in pNPWT patients than in controls. CONCLUSION The largest non-randomized studies investigating the effect of pNPWT on the prevention of wound-related complications after APR showed encouraging results in terms of reduction of SSI and wound dehiscence that deserve further investigation and confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Meyer
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland.
| | - Elin Roos
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziad Abbassi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland
| | - Christian Toso
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Ris
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas C Buchs
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland
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Tiu SPT, Hajirawala LN, Leonardi C, Davis KG, Orangio GR, Barton JS. Delayed Surgery Does Not Increase Risk in Urgent Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis. Am Surg 2020; 87:880-884. [PMID: 33280393 DOI: 10.1177/0003134820971576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical management is the cornerstone of therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC). In the setting of fulminant disease, hospitalized patients may undergo medical rescue therapy (MRT) or urgent surgery. We hypothesized that delayed attempts at MRT result in increased morbidity and mortality following urgent surgery for UC. OBJECTIVE The aim is to assess the outcomes for patients requiring urgent, inpatient surgery for UC in a prompt or delayed fashion. DESIGN The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) general and colectomy-specific databases from 2013 to 2016 were queried. Urgent surgery was defined as nonelective, nonemergency surgery. Patients were divided into prompt and delayed groups based on time from admission to surgery of <48 hours or >48 hours. Baseline characteristics and 30-day outcomes were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses. SETTING The ACS NSQIP database from 2013 to 2016 was evaluated. PATIENTS Adult patients undergoing nonelective, nonemergency colectomy for UC. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 30-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS 921 patients underwent urgent inpatient surgery for UC. In univariate analysis, there was no significant difference between prompt and delayed surgery for wound infection, sepsis, return to operating room, or readmission. LIMITATIONS Retrospective study of a quality improvement database. Patients who underwent successful MRT did not receive surgery, so are not included in the database. CONCLUSIONS Delaying surgery to further attempt MRT does not alter short-term outcomes and may allow conversion to elective future surgery. Contrarily, medical optimization does not improve short-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Peter T Tiu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Luv N Hajirawala
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Claudia Leonardi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kurt G Davis
- Department of Surgery, Section of Colorectal Surgery, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guy R Orangio
- Department of Surgery, Section of Colorectal Surgery, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Barton
- Department of Surgery, Section of Colorectal Surgery, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Zhu F, Feng D, Ding C, Zhang T, Chen J, Yu Z, Zhao L, Xu Y, Zhu W, Gong J. Fungal Dysbiosis Aggravates Pouchitis in a Rat Model of Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1831-1842. [PMID: 32608473 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the interaction between gut microbiota and pouchitis after ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) has been confirmed, evidence of commensal mycobiota in the etiology of pouchitis is still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the role of fungi in the pathogenesis of pouchitis. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from UC patients with or without pouchitis after IPAA. Experimental pouchitis was induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium for 7 consecutive days in a rat model of IPAA. Fungal dysbiosis was induced by 0.5% fluconazole (Flu), and commensal fungal recognition through dectin-1 was blocked by 5% laminarin. Fecal fungal composition was analyzed using internal transcribed spacer 2 sequencing. Severity of pouchitis and activation of the CARD9-nuclear factor kappa-B pathway was determined among different groups. RESULTS Patients with pouchitis had a lower alpha (α) diversity in mycobiota composition and a higher abundance of Saccharomyces at the genus level compared with those with a normal pouch. In the rat model of pouchitis, Flu treatment decreased fungal burden but induced fungal dysbiosis, characterized by increased α diversity, a decreased relative abundance of Kazachstania, and increased Polythrincium and Saccharomyces. In addition, Flu treatment worsened dextran sulfate sodium pouchitis, as indicated by increased mortality, weight loss, higher histological score, and CD4+ cell infiltration. Laminarin also increased the severity of pouchitis. In the Flu and laminarin groups, the expression of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, CARD9, and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B inhibitor alpha was decreased. CONCLUSIONS Patients with pouchitis had altered fungal composition. Fungal dysbiosis or recognition deficiency by the host may exacerbate experimental pouchitis. Strategies targeting commensal mycobiota may provide therapeutic potential against pouchitis, especially for antibiotic-refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tenghui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Zeqian Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Horio Y, Uchino M, Bando T, Sasaki H, Goto Y, Kuwahara R, Minagawa T, Takesue Y, Ikeuchi H. Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Cancer of the Anal Transitional Zone in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:1565-1571. [PMID: 32365200 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Performing a mucosectomy with a hand-sewn ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA] for ulcerative colitis [UC] theoretically reduces the risk of carcinoma arising from the anal transitional zone [ATZ]. Although current guidelines suggest a stapled anastomosis due to the low incidence of cancer after pouch surgery in UC patients, only a few small series have addressed the oncological advantage of mucosectomy. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidence of ATZ/pouch cancer. METHODS A total of 1970 UC patients who underwent surgery between April 1987 and December 2018 were included. We retrospectively analysed the incidences of primary ATZ cancer in the original operative specimen and de novo ATZ/pouch cancer after surgery. Possible risk factors for primary ATZ cancer and the pouch survival rate were assessed. RESULTS Fourteen [6.4%] primary ATZ cancers developed in 220 UC-colorectal cancer [CRC] cases. Multiple (odds ratio [OR] = 8.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.77-27.83, p < 0.01) and rectal [OR = 6.48, 95% CI 1.41-29.7, p = 0.01] cancers were identified as independent risk factors for primary ATZ cancer. Four of 1970 [0.2%] patients developed de novo ATZ/pouch cancer and dysplasia. The 10-year estimated cumulative pouch survival rate was not significantly different between stapled IPAA and hand-sewn IPAA cases [95.9% and 97.3%, p = 0.25]. CONCLUSION The risk of de novo ATZ/pouch cancer and dysplasia was rare. The decision to perform a hand-sewn or a stapled IAA should be made on a case-by-case basis. However, the relatively high incidence of primary ATZ cancer in UC patients with CRC suggests that mucosectomy should be recommended for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Horio
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Motoi Uchino
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Bando
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sasaki
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Goto
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kuwahara
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Minagawa
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takesue
- Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikeuchi
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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Russell T, Chen F. Quality issues in emergency colorectal surgery. SEMINARS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scrs.2020.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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The role of fecal calprotectin in the diagnosis of acute pouchitis following IPAA for ulcerative colitis: a systematic clinical review. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:1619-1628. [PMID: 32617664 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Total proctocolectomy (TPC) with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is commonly performed for patients with refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Pouchitis occurs in 20-50% of these patients. Fecal calprotectin is a biomarker that correlates well with the pouchitis disease activity index. However, its role in the diagnosis and management of acute pouchitis has not been thoroughly defined. The aim of this study is to review previously established cut-off values and contextualize the clinical utility of fecal calprotectin. METHODS Search of Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and PubMed was performed. Articles were eligible if they measured fecal calprotectin in the setting of pouchitis in patients who underwent TPC with IPAA for UC. Risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated with the QUADAS-2. RESULTS From 117 relevant citations, seven studies with 256 patients (44.8% female, 39.88 years) met inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of pouchitis was 42%. The derived fecal calprotectin cut-off values ranged from 56 to 494 μg/g. The corresponding sensitivities and specificities ranged from 57 to 100% and 38 to 92%, respectively. The area under the curve was reported in three studies and ranged from 0.832 to 0.840. CONCLUSION Fecal calprotectin may be a reliable diagnostic tool for acute pouchitis in patients following TPC with IPAA for UC. The high sensitivity of fecal calprotectin for detection of pouchitis makes it a valuable test for ruling out pouchitis. When used in conjunction with other biomarkers, the high specificity offers value in ruling in pouchitis. However, given the complexity of this disease process, relying solely on biomarkers for diagnosis is currently unreasonable.
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A young woman who developed ascending colon cancer 2 years after the onset of ulcerative colitis. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1189-1195. [PMID: 32780275 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Guidelines recommend surveillance colonoscopy for patients with an ulcerative colitis (UC) duration of 8-10 years. We experienced a patient who had not undergone UC surveillance. A 35-year-old Japanese woman developed diarrhea and abdominal pain in January 2018 and was diagnosed with UC. She underwent medical therapy, and 18 months after onset of UC colonoscopy indicated that her UC activity was remission and showed no cancer lesions. Twenty-four months after onset, colonoscopy revealed a tumor in the ascending colon, and the biopsy revealed tubular adenocarcinoma. She had no family history of colorectal cancer. There were no findings of distant metastases or primary sclerosing cholangitis. Laparoscopy-assisted anus-preserving total proctocolectomy, the creation of a J-type ileal pouch, ileal pouch anal anastomosis, and the creation of an ileostomy were performed. The pathological report was type 3, 30 × 27-mm, adenocarcinoma (por2 > tub2), pT4a, Ly1a, V1a, budding grade 3, pN0, M0, Stage IIb. Some colitic cancers such as our patient's may not conform to the existing guidelines. When a colonoscopy is being performed for a UC patient, even if its timing is less < 8 years since the UC onset, suspicious lesions should be biopsied considering the possibility of cancer.
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Ni A, Al-Qahtani M, Salama E, Marinescu D, Khalil MA, Faria J, Morin N, Ghitulescu G, Vasilevsky CA, Boutros M. Trends in Colectomies for Colorectal Neoplasms in Ulcerative Colitis: a National Inpatient Sample Database Analysis over Two Decades. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24:1721-1728. [PMID: 32557016 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of colectomy for ulcerative colitis have been decreasing, particularly since the advent of biologics, but the subsequent impact of reduced colectomy rates on the development of neoplasms in chronically treated ulcerative colitis colons is unknown. PURPOSE To determine trends in colectomy for colorectal neoplasms in adult patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS Adult admissions with ulcerative colitis were identified from the National Inpatient Sample from 1993 to 2015. The rate of colectomy with concurrent colorectal neoplasm served as the primary outcome and was evaluated using time trend linear and multivariable regression. RESULTS There were 366,286 admissions with ulcerative colitis including 16,556 (4.5%) total colectomies. Of those undergoing colectomy, 2018 (12.2%) had a concurrent diagnosis of colorectal neoplasm. The proportion of colectomies for ulcerative colitis with concurrent colorectal neoplasm increased from 10.3 to 12.5% (pTrend = 0.004). Specifically, the proportion of colectomies performed for dysplasia/benign neoplasm and rectal cancer increased from 3.5 to 5.6% (pTrend < 0.001) and from 2.6 to 3.0% (pTrend = 0.028) respectively, and those for colon cancer remained stable (4.5 to 3.9%, pTrend = 0.423). On multivariate regression, year of colectomy was a significant predictor of colectomy for colorectal neoplasm (OR = 1.044, 95% CI = 1.025-1.062). DISCUSSION Operative management of ulcerative colitis appears to be slowly increasing in oncological indications. The rising proportions of colectomies performed for colorectal neoplasms suggest the need for continued screening in these patients, including rectal surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ni
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ebram Salama
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Marinescu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Abou Khalil
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julio Faria
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Morin
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriela Ghitulescu
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carol-Ann Vasilevsky
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marylise Boutros
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Suite G317, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada.
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The management of the hospitalized ulcerative colitis patient: the medical-surgical conundrum. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2020; 36:265-276. [PMID: 32487850 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review article, we address emerging evidence for the medical and surgical treatment of the hospitalized patient with ulcerative colitis. RECENT FINDINGS Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the colon and rectum. About one-fifth of patients will be hospitalized from ulcerative colitis, and about 20-30%, experiencing an acute flare will undergo colectomy. Because of the significant clinical consequences, patients hospitalized need prompt evaluation for potential complications, stratification of disease severity, and a multidisciplinary team approach to therapy, which involves both the gastroenterologist and surgeon. Although corticosteroids remain first-line therapy, second-line medical rescue options, primarily infliximab or cyclosporine, are considered within 3-5 days of presentation. In conjunction, an early surgical consultation to present the possibility of a staged proctocolectomy as one of the therapeutic options is equally important. SUMMARY A coordinated multidisciplinary, individualized approach to treatment, involving the patient preferences throughout the process, is optimal in providing patient-centered effective care.
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