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Yang ML, Brar MS, Kennedy E, de Buck van Overstraeten A. Three-stage versus modified two-stage surgery for ulcerative colitis: a patient-centred treatment trade-off study. Colorectal Dis 2024. [PMID: 38609339 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM There is ongoing debate about whether ileal pouch-anal anastomosis needs temporary diversion at the time of construction. Stomas may reduce risk for anastomotic leak (AL) but are also associated with complications, emergency department visits and readmissions. This treatment trade-off study aims to measure patients' preferences by assessing the absolute risk of AL and pouch failure (PF) they are willing to accept to avoid a diverting ileostomy. METHODS Fifty-two patients with ulcerative colitis, with or without previous pouch surgery, from Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, participated in this study. Standardized interviews were conducted using the treatment trade-off threshold technique. An online anonymous survey was used to collect patient demographics. We measured the absolute increased risk in AL and PF that patients would accept to undergo modified two-stage surgery as opposed to traditional three-stage surgery. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (mean age 38.7 ± 15.3) with previous surgery and 20 patients (mean age 39.5 ± 11.9) with no previous surgery participated. Patients were willing to accept an absolute increased leak rate of 5% (interquartile range 4.5%-15%) to avoid a diverting ileostomy. Similarly, patients were willing to accept an absolute increased PF rate of 5% (interquartile range 2.5%-10%). Younger patients, aged 21-29, had lower tolerance for PF, accepting an absolute increase of only 2% versus 5% for patients older than 30 (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Patients were willing to accept a 5% increased AL rate or PF rate to avoid a temporary diverting ileostomy. This should be taken into consideration when deciding between modified two- and three-stage pouch procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lucy Yang
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Gomez J, Theodosopoulos E, MacRae H, Brar MS, de Buck van Overstraeten A, O'Connor B, Huang H, Kennedy E. Is extended venous thromboprophylaxis required in patients undergoing ileal pouch procedure for ulcerative colitis? Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:726-733. [PMID: 38374529 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are relatively common adverse surgical complications. Extended VTE prophylaxis for 4 weeks is recommended after colorectal cancer surgery, but its use in inflammatory bowel disease surgery lacks high-quality evidence. This retrospective study aimed to assess and characterize VTEs within the first 30 days after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) procedures and subtotal colectomies (STCs) for ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS All patients who underwent IPAA for UC between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021 were included. VTE rates after IPAA, in-hospital or at-home occurrences, utilization of in-hospital thromboprophylaxis, and prescribed anticoagulant treatment were evaluated. Retrospectively, the same variables were analysed if patients of the cohort underwent STC before the IPAA construction. RESULTS In all, 204 patients underwent IPAA (61.8% men, 73% laparoscopic), with an average hospital stay of 6.8 days. Among them, 116 patients underwent STC prior to IPAA. Thirteen patients (6.3%) experienced VTEs after IPAA, with 76.9% (10/13) of cases occurring during hospitalization and under adequate thromboprophylaxis. The VTE rate after STC was 10.3% (12/116), with 58.2% (7/12) occurring in hospital and under appropriate thromboprophylaxis. No reoperations or mortality were attributed to thrombotic events. The type and duration of anticoagulant treatment varied considerably. CONCLUSION The VTE rate after IPAA for UC was 6.3%, with the majority of events occurring in hospital and under adequate thromboprophylaxis. These findings suggest that routine use of extended VTE prophylaxis in our cohort may not be supported. Further research is needed to clarify the optimal VTE prophylaxis strategy for inflammatory bowel disease surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gomez
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evangelia Theodosopoulos
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen MacRae
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda O'Connor
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harden Huang
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Cyr DP, Pun C, Shivji S, Mitrovic B, Duan K, Tomin R, Sari A, Brar A, Zerhouni S, Brar MS, Kennedy ED, Swallow CJ, Kirsch R, Conner JR. Tumor Budding Assessment in Colorectal Carcinoma: Normalization Revisited. Am J Surg Pathol 2024; 48:251-265. [PMID: 38108373 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor budding (TB) is a powerful prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). An internationally standardized method for its assessment (International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference [ITBCC] method) has been adopted by most CRC pathology protocols. This method requires that TB counts are reported by field area (0.785 mm 2 ) rather than objective lens and a normalization factor is applied for this purpose. However, the validity of this approach is yet to be tested. We sought to validate the ITBCC method with a particular emphasis on normalization as a tool for standardization. In a cohort of 365 stage I-III CRC, both normalized and non-normalized TB were significantly associated with disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival ( P <0.0001). Examining both 0.95 and 0.785 mm 2 field areas in a subset of patients (n=200), we found that normalization markedly overcorrects TB counts: Counts obtained in a 0.95 mm 2 hotspot field were reduced by an average of 17.5% following normalization compared with only 3.8% when counts were performed in an actual 0.785 mm 2 field. This resulted in 45 (11.3%) cases being downgraded using ITBCC grading criteria following normalization, compared with only 5 cases (1.3%, P =0.0007) downgraded when a true 0.785 mm 2 field was examined. In summary, the prognostic value of TB was retained regardless of whether TB counts in a 0.95 mm 2 field were normalized. Normalization resulted in overcorrecting TB counts with consequent downgrading of most borderline cases. This has implications for risk stratification and adjuvant treatment decisions, and suggests the need to re-evaluate the role of normalization in TB assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Cyr
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute
- Institute of Medical Science
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Sinai Health System
| | - Cherry Pun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto
| | - Sameer Shivji
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
| | - Bojana Mitrovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Kai Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto
| | - Rossi Tomin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
| | - Aysegul Sari
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Amanpreet Brar
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
| | - Siham Zerhouni
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Sinai Health System
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
| | - Erin D Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Sinai Health System
| | - Carol J Swallow
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute
- Institute of Medical Science
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Sinai Health System
| | - Richard Kirsch
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto
| | - James R Conner
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto
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Pooni A, Brar MS, Kennedy E, Cohen Z, MacRae H, de Buck van Overstraeten A. Routine diversion following delayed IPAA construction does not reduce the incidence of pouch-related sepsis or failure in patients with ulcerative colitis. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:326-334. [PMID: 38169082 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare modified 2-stage and 3-stage IPAA construction techniques to evaluate the effect of diverting loop ileostomy following completion proctectomy and IPAA for ulcerative colitis. In addition, our overall institutional experience was reviewed to describe long-term outcomes and changes in staging trends over time. METHODS Our institutional database was searched to identify all cases of IPAA for ulcerative colitis between 1981 and 2018. Patient, pouch and outcome characteristics were abstracted. Primary study outcomes were the incidence of primary pouch failure and pouch-related sepsis. Failure was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival over time. The adjusted effect of pouch stage was evaluated using multivariable Cox and logistic regression models. Exploratory analysis evaluated the effect of stage on failure in the pouch related sepsis subgroup. RESULTS A total of 2105 patients underwent primary IPAA over the study period. The 5, 10 and 20-year pouch survival probabilities were 95.2%, 92.7% and 86.6%. The incidence of pouch related sepsis was 12.3%. Adjusted analysis demonstrated no difference in pouch failure (HR = 0.64: 95% 0.39-1.07, p = 0.09) or post-operative sepsis (aOR = 0.79: 95% CI 0.53-1.17, p = 0.24) by stage of construction. Among patients experiencing pouch sepsis, there was no difference in Kaplan-Meier estimates of pouch survival by stage (p = 0.90). CONCLUSIONS Pouch related sepsis and IPAA failure did not differ between modified 2-stage and 3-stage construction techniques. Among the sub-group of patients experiencing pouch related sepsis, there was no difference in failure between groups. The results suggest diverting ileostomy may be safely avoided following delayed pouch reconstruction in appropriately selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Pooni
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zane Cohen
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen MacRae
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yang ML, Brar MS, Kennedy ED, de Buck van Overstraeten A. Laparoscopic Versus Transanal IPAA for Ulcerative Colitis: A Patient-Centered Treatment Trade-Off Study. Dis Colon Rectum 2024; 67:107-113. [PMID: 37682734 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transanal IPAA is a relatively new technique aiming to reduce surgical invasiveness while providing better access to the pelvis in patients with ulcerative colitis. Currently, patients' preference for a surgical approach has never been investigated. OBJECTIVE To observe patient preference between transanal and laparoscopic IPAA by measuring the potential risk, expressed in pouch function reduction, patients are willing to take to undergo transanal surgery. DESIGN We conducted standardized interviews of patients using the threshold technique. SETTINGS Patients from Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto were included. PATIENTS Fifty-two patients with ulcerative colitis participated in this study. INTERVENTION Patients with ulcerative colitis, with or without previous pouch surgery, were submitted to standardized interviews using the threshold technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We measured the absolute increase in bowel frequency, bowel urgency, and fecal incontinence that patients would accept if undergoing transanal IPAA. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (mean age: 38.7 ± 15.3 years) with previous surgery and 20 patients (mean age: 39.5 ± 11.9 years) with no previous surgery participated in this study. Patients accepted an absolute increase of 2 bowel movements per day and 1 episode of fecal incontinence per month to undergo transanal IPAA. They also accepted 10 minutes of worsening bowel urgency (ie, decrease of 10 minutes in "holding time") for transanal surgery. Younger patients aged 21 to 29 years only accepted an absolute decrease of 5 minutes in "holding time" ( p = 0.02). LIMITATIONS Biases inherent to study design. CONCLUSIONS Patients were willing to accept a potential reduction in pouch function to receive the less invasive method of transanal IPAA. More studies evaluating long-term functional outcomes after transanal IPAA are required to help patients make educated surgical decisions. See Video Abstract. ANASTOMOSIS LAPAROSCPICA VERSUS TRANSANAL ILEALBOLSA ANAL PARA LA COLITIS ULCEROSA UN ESTUDIO DE COMPENSACIN DE TRATAMIENTO CENTRADO EN EL PACIENTE ANTECEDENTES:La anastomosis anal transanal con reservorio ileal es una técnica relativamente nueva que tiene como objetivo reducir la invasividad quirúrgica y al mismo tiempo proporcionar un mejor acceso a la pelvis en pacientes con colitis ulcerosa. Actualmente, nunca se ha investigado la preferencia de los pacientes sobre el abordaje quirúrgico.OBJETIVO:Observar la preferencia de los pacientes entre la anastomosis ileoanal con reservorio transanal y laparoscópica midiendo el riesgo potencial, expresado en la reducción de la función del reservorio, que los pacientes están dispuestos a someterse a una cirugía transanal.DISEÑO:Realizamos entrevistas estandarizadas de pacientes utilizando la técnica del umbral.AJUSTES:Se incluyeron pacientes del Hospital Mount Sinai en Toronto.PACIENTES:Cincuenta y dos pacientes con colitis ulcerosa participaron en este estudio.INTERVENCIÓN(ES):Los pacientes con colitis ulcerosa, con o sin cirugía previa de reservorio fueron sometidos a entrevistas estandarizadas utilizando la técnica del umbral.MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO PRINCIPALES:Medimos el aumento absoluto en la frecuencia intestinal, la urgencia intestinal y la incontinencia fecal que los pacientes aceptarían si se sometieran a una anastomosis transanal con bolsa ileal.RESULTADOS:Treinta y dos pacientes (edad media: 38,7 ± 15,3) con cirugía previa y 20 pacientes (edad media: 39,5 ± 11,9) sin cirugía previa participaron en este estudio. Los pacientes aceptaron un aumento absoluto de 2 deposiciones por día y un episodio de incontinencia fecal por mes para someterse a una anastomosis transanal ileoanal con reservorio. También aceptaron 10 minutos de empeoramiento de la urgencia intestinal (es decir, disminución de 10 minutos del "tiempo de espera") para la cirugía transanal. Los pacientes más jóvenes de 21 a 29 años solo aceptaron una disminución absoluta de 5 minutos en el "tiempo de espera" ( P = 0,02).LIMITACIONES:Sesgos inherentes al diseño del estudio.CONCLUSIONES:Los pacientes estaban dispuestos a aceptar una reducción potencial en la función del reservorio para recibir el método menos invasivo de anastomosis transanal ileoanal con reservorio. Se requieren más estudios que evalúen los resultados funcionales a largo plazo después de la anastomosis transanal ileoanal con reservorio para ayudar a los pacientes a tomar decisiones quirúrgicas informadas. (Traducción-Yesenia Rojas-Khalil ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lucy Yang
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Pooni A, Brar MS, Anpalagan T, Schmocker S, Rashid S, Goldstein R, Goriawala A, Easson A, Kennedy ED. Home to Stay: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effect of a Postdischarge Mobile App to Reduce 30-Day Readmission Following Elective Colorectal Surgery. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e1056-e1062. [PMID: 35815882 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of a postdischarge app on 30-day readmissions and patient-reported outcomes following colorectal surgery. BACKGROUND Patients undergoing colorectal surgery are particularly vulnerable during their transition from hospital-to-home. There has been increasing interest in e-health to provide cost-effective transitional care. An integrated discharge monitoring program using a mobile app platform was developed to support patients after surgery. METHODS A 2 arm, superiority randomized control trial was conducted at an academic tertiary care center with patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. The intervention group received usual postoperative care and postdischarge monitoring with the app. The primary outcome was 30-day readmissions following hospital discharge. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-two participants were randomized. The majority were young, had inflammatory bowel disease and underwent laparoscopic surgery. Intention to treat analysis showed no difference between groups for 30-day readmission (14.8% vs 17.6%, P =0.55), ER visits (25.0% vs 28.8%, P =0.49), primary care visits (12.5% vs 8.8%, P =0.34) or unplanned healthcare visits (34.4% vs 35.2%, P =0.89). All patient reported outcomes were significantly improved with median scores higher with the app for satisfaction [9, interquartile range (IQR): 8-10 vs 8, IQR: 7-9, P =0.001], well-being (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 6, IQR: 5-7, P =0.001) and significantly lower for anxiety (3, IQR: 2-5 vs 5, IQR: 3-6, P =0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although the app did not show a significant reduction in 30-day readmission or ER visits, it did lead to significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes. The app may be an important tool to support patients following colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Pooni
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tharani Anpalagan
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Selina Schmocker
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saira Rashid
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Goldstein
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Alexandra Easson
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erin D Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Anpalagan T, Schmocker S, Raval M, Baxter NN, Brar MS, Easson A, Feldman LS, Lee L, Liberman AS, Scales DC, Kennedy ED. Home to Stay: A randomized controlled trial protocol to assess use of a mobile app to reduce readmissions following colorectal surgery. Colorectal Dis 2022; 24:1616-1621. [PMID: 36004553 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Patients undergoing colorectal surgery face high rates of emergency room visits and readmission to hospital. These unplanned hospital visits lead to both increased patient anxiety and health care costs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of mobile application to support patients undergoing colorectal surgery following discharge from hospital. METHOD This study is a randomized controlled trial in which the control group will receive standard follow-up care following discharge after surgery and the intervention group will receive standard follow-up care in addition to the mobile application. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with unplanned hospital visits within 30 days of discharge. The secondary outcomes are patient-reported outcomes on validated scales evaluating their quality of recovery following discharge. A sample size of 670 subjects is planned. For the primary outcome, the control and intervention groups will be compared using a generalized linear model to account for clustering of patients within centres. For the secondary outcomes, the overall scores on the Quality of Recovery 15 and Patient Activation Measure will be analysed using a linear regression model. RESULTS It is expected that the results of this study will show that the mobile app will lead to significant improvements in unplanned hospital visits as well as improved quality of recovery for patients. CONCLUSION If the trial is successful, the mobile app can be easily adopted more widely into clinical practice to support patients at home following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharani Anpalagan
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Selina Schmocker
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manoj Raval
- Department of Surgery, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Easson
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liane S Feldman
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lawrence Lee
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexander S Liberman
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damon C Scales
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin D Kennedy
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yang ML, Brar MS, Boughn A, Saini J, Kennedy E, MacRae H, de Buck Van Overstraten A. Does Oversewing Stapled Ileocolic Anastomoses for Crohn's Disease Reduce Anastomotic Complications? An Inverse-Probability Weighting Analysis of a Single Centre Cohort. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:1951-1953. [PMID: 35178650 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lucy Yang
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Amelia Boughn
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Jessica Saini
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Erin Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Helen MacRae
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck Van Overstraten
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue Room 455, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada.
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9
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Yuen A, Brar MS, de Buck van Overstraeten A. Indications and Surgical Technique for Transanal Proctectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2022; 35:135-140. [PMID: 35237109 PMCID: PMC8885156 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1742114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease has advanced significantly over the years. One particular focus of its evolution has been to minimize invasiveness. Transanal surgery has given the contemporary surgeon an alternate approach to access the low rectum situated in the confines of the deep pelvis. In benign disease, combining transanal surgery with laparoscopy has allowed for the development of novel techniques to create ileal pouch-anal anastomoses, perform intersphincteric Crohn's proctectomies, manage complications from pelvic surgery, and facilitate redo pelvic surgery. We aim to review the indications for transanal surgery in benign disease, describe an approach to transanal pouch surgery in detail, and discuss the potential benefits, pitfalls, and contentious issues surrounding this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Yuen
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mantaj S. Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Address for correspondence Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten, MD, MSc 600 University Avenue Rm 455, Toronto, ON M5G1X5Canada
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10
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Sari A, Cyr DP, Brar A, Messenger DE, Driman DK, Shivji S, Assarzadegan N, Juda A, Swallow CJ, Kennedy ED, Brar MS, Conner J, Kirsch R. Routine Elastin Staining in Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer: Impact on Venous Invasion Detection and its Association With Oncologic Outcomes. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:200-212. [PMID: 34411028 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Venous invasion (VI) is a powerful yet underreported prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). Its detection can be improved with an elastin stain. We evaluated the impact of routine elastin staining on VI detection in resected CRC and its relationship with oncologic outcomes. Pathology reports from the year before (n=145) and the year following (n=128) the implementation of routine elastin staining at our institution were reviewed for established prognostic factors, including VI. A second review, using elastin stains, documented the presence/absence, location, number, and size of VI foci. The relationship between VI and oncologic outcomes was evaluated for original and review assessments. VI detection rates increased from 21% to 45% following implementation of routine elastin staining (odds ratio [OR]=3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8-5.3; P<0.0001). The second review revealed a lower VI miss rate postimplementation than preimplementation (22% vs. 48%, respectively; P=0.007); this difference was even greater for extramural VI-positive cases (9% vs. 38%, respectively; P=0.0003). Missed VI cases postimplementation had fewer VI foci per missed case (P=0.02) and a trend towards less extramural VI than those missed preimplementation. VI assessed with an elastin stain was significantly associated with recurrence-free survival (P=0.003), and cancer-specific survival (P=0.01) in contrast to VI assessed on hematoxylin and eosin alone (P=0.053 and 0.1, respectively). The association between VI and hematogenous metastasis was far stronger for elastin-detected VI (OR=11.5; 95% CI: 3.4-37.1; P<0.0001) than for hematoxylin and eosin-detected VI (OR=3.7; 95% CI: 1.4-9.9; P=0.01). Routine elastin staining enhances VI detection and its ability to stratify risk in CRC and should be considered for evaluation of CRC resection specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Sari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - David P Cyr
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Mount Sinai Hospital
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery
- Institute of Medical Science
| | | | - David E Messenger
- Division of General Surgery, Royal United Hospital NHS Trust, Bath, UK
| | - David K Driman
- Department of Pathology, London Health Sciences Centre and Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Naziheh Assarzadegan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ari Juda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Carol J Swallow
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Mount Sinai Hospital
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery
- Institute of Medical Science
| | - Erin D Kennedy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Mount Sinai Hospital
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery
| | | | - James Conner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Richard Kirsch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
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11
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Brar MS, de Buck van Overstraeten A, Baxter NN. Rectal Cancer Incidence is Low Following Rectal Diversion or Subtotal Colectomy for IBD: Results of a Population-based Study. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1787-1798. [PMID: 34165532 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Following subtotal colectomy or diversion for medically refractory inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], completion proctectomy has been recommended to reduce the risk of rectal cancer. However, this recommendation is based on low-quality evidence. Our objectives were to estimate the cumulative incidence of rectal cancer and evaluate if surveillance endoscopy reduces the risk of rectal cancer. METHODS We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada, of all patients undergoing either subtotal colectomy or diversion for medically refractory IBD over 1991-2015. We excluded patients with a previous history of colorectal cancer or previous rectal resection, and those with <1 year of observation. We calculated the rate of incident rectal cancer using a competing risks model, and evaluated the effect of surveillance endoscopy on the rate of rectal cancer. RESULTS In all, 3700 patients were included with a median follow-up of 4.3 years. Of this cohort, 47% underwent rectal resection or restoration of gastrointestinal [GI] continuity during the observation period; 40 patients were diagnosed with rectal cancer, with a cumulative incidence of rectal cancer of 0.81% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53%, 1.20%) and 1.86% [95% CI 1.29%, 2.61%] at 10 and 20 years, respectively. Surveillance endoscopy was associated with a lower rate of rectal cancer (subhazard ratio [sHR] 0.37, 95% CI 0.16, 0.82, p = 0.014]. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with a retained rectum following surgery for IBD, the risk of rectal cancer is low and appears to be lower when surveillance endoscopy is performed. Expectant management with surveillance endoscopy may be a reasonable alternative to completion proctectomy in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Lightner AL, Steele SR, Delaney CP, Lavryk O, Vaidya P, McMichael J, Jia X, de Buck van Overstraeten A, Brar MS. Colonic disease recurrence following proctectomy with end colostomy for anorectal Crohn's disease. Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:2425-2435. [PMID: 34157206 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM In patients with anorectal Crohn's disease, it remains uncertain whether a total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy or proctectomy with end colostomy should be recommended due to the unknown rate of disease recurrence in the remaining colon. METHODS A retrospective review of all patients with a known diagnosis of Crohn's disease who underwent a proctectomy with end colostomy for distal Crohn's disease between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2019 at two IBD referral centres was conducted. Data collected included patient demographics, surgical variables at the time of proctectomy, and postoperative clinical, endoscopic and surgical recurrence rates. RESULTS A total of 63 patients were included; mean age was 47 years (SD 15 years) and 32 (50.8%) were female. The majority of patients underwent a proctectomy with end colostomy (n = 56; 88.9%) while the remaining seven patients (11.1%) underwent a proctectomy with end colostomy and concurrent ileocectomy. A total of 55 patients (87.3%) had proctitis, 51 (81%) had perianal fistulating disease, and 34 (54%) had anal canal stenosis or ulceration. Most patients had medically refractory disease (n = 54; 85.7%) versus neoplasia (n = 9; 14.3%). The median length of long-term follow-up was 17.7 months (IQR: 4.72, 38.7 months). During that time, 14 (22.2%) experienced clinical recurrence, 10 of 34 evaluated (29.4%) had endoscopic recurrence, and 3 (4.76%) required a completion total abdominal colectomy for recurrent medically refractory disease in the colon. CONCLUSION Colonic recurrence remains low following proctectomy and descending colostomy suggesting this operative management strategy is reasonable in Crohn's patients with distal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Lightner
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Scott R Steele
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Conor P Delaney
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Olga Lavryk
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Prashansha Vaidya
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John McMichael
- General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xue Jia
- Department of Qualitative Health Science, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Cavallaro PM, Fearnhead NS, Bissett IP, Brar MS, Cataldo TE, Clarke R, Denoya P, Elder AL, Gecse KB, Hendren S, Holubar S, Jeganathan N, Myrelid P, Norton BA, Wexner SD, Wilson L, Zaghiyan K, Bordeianou L. Patients Undergoing Ileoanal Pouch Surgery Experience a Constellation of Symptoms and Consequences Representing a Unique Syndrome: A Report From the Patient-Reported Outcomes After Pouch Surgery (PROPS) Delphi Consensus Study. Ann Surg 2021; 274:138-145. [PMID: 33914449 PMCID: PMC8968673 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim was to create a patient-centered definition of core symptoms that should be included in future studies of pouch function. BACKGROUND Functional outcomes after ileoanal pouch creation have been studied; however, there is great variability in how relevant outcomes are defined and reported. More importantly, the perspective of patients has not been represented in deciding which outcomes should be the focus of research. METHODS Expert stakeholders were chosen to correlate with the clinical scenario of the multidisciplinary team that cares for pouch patients: patients, colorectal surgeons, gastroenterologists/other clinicians. Three rounds of surveys were employed to select high-priority items. Survey voting was followed by a series of online patient consultation meetings used to clarify voting trends. A final online consensus meeting with representation from all 3 expert panels was held to finalize a consensus statement. RESULTS One hundred ninety-five patients, 62 colorectal surgeons, and 48 gastroenterologists/nurse specialists completed all 3 Delphi rounds. Fifty-three patients participated in online focus groups. One hundred sixty-one stakeholders participated in the final consensus meeting. On conclusion of the consensus meeting, 7 bowel symptoms and 7 consequences of undergoing ileoanal pouch surgery were included in the final consensus statement. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to identify key functional outcomes after pouch surgery with direct input from a large panel of ileoanal pouch patients. The inclusion of patients in all stages of the consensus process allowed for a true patient-centered approach in defining the core domains that should be focused on in future studies of pouch function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Cavallaro
- Department of General Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicola S. Fearnhead
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Bissett
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mantaj S. Brar
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas E. Cataldo
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Beth Israel-Deaconess Health Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Paula Denoya
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital. Stony Brook, New York
| | | | - Krisztina B. Gecse
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Samantha Hendren
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stefan Holubar
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nimalan Jeganathan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Pär Myrelid
- Department of Surgery, County Council of Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Beth-Anne Norton
- Crohn’s and Colitis Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven D. Wexner
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Lauren Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Karen Zaghiyan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liliana Bordeianou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Colorectal Surgery and Crohn’s Colitis Centers, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts
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14
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Sabur NF, Brar MS, Wu L, Brode SK. Low-dose amikacin in the treatment of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:254. [PMID: 33691624 PMCID: PMC7945371 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends intravenous amikacin for the treatment of MDR-TB at a dose of 15 mg/kg. However, higher doses are associated with significant toxicity. METHODS Patients with MDR-TB treated at our institution receive amikacin at 8-10 mg/kg, with dose adjustment based on therapeutic drug monitoring. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with MDR-TB who received amikacin between 2010 and 2016. RESULTS Forty-nine patients were included in the study. The median starting dose of amikacin was 8.9 mg/kg (IQR 8, 10), and target therapeutic drug levels were achieved at a median of 12 days (IQR 5, 26). The median duration of amikacin treatment was 7.2 months (IQR 5.7, 8), and median time to sputum culture conversion was 1 month (IQR 1,2). Six patients (12.2%) experienced hearing loss based on formal audiometry testing (95% CI 4.6-24.8%); 22.2% had subjective hearing loss (95% CI 11.2-37.1%) and 31.9% subjective tinnitus (95% CI 19.1-47.1%). Ten patients (23%) had a significant rise in serum creatinine (95% CI 11.8-38.6%), but only 5 patients had a GFR < 60 at treatment completion. 84% of patients had a successful treatment outcome (95% CI 84-99%). CONCLUSIONS Low dose amikacin is associated with relatively low rates of aminoglycoside-related adverse events. We hypothesize that low-dose amikacin can be used as a safe and effective treatment for MDR-TB in situations where an adequate regimen cannot be constructed with Group A and B drugs, and where careful monitoring for adverse events is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha F Sabur
- Department of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital and West Park Healthcare Centre, Rm 6-049, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa Wu
- West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah K Brode
- Department of Respirology, Toronto Western Hospital, West Park Healthcare Centre, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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15
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Verma V, Randhawa A, Chaudhary N, Brar MS, Munder S. A community-based cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of post-partum depression: Why are the mothers depressed? J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:4536-4541. [PMID: 35280603 PMCID: PMC8884330 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2532_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Post-partum depression can have adverse long term effects. For the mother, the episode can be the precursor of chronic recurrent depression. For her children her on going depression can contribute to emotional, cognitive and interpersonal problems in their later life. In the present study, we aimed to identify the incidence of depression in post-partum period and explore the underlying etiological factors responsible for the same. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 250 post- natal mothers covered under UHTC, Tripuri, Patiala. The data collection was done through one to one interview technique with mental evaluation done by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale instrument. Based upon the results, the cases were classified either as normal or presence of psychiatric morbidity. Psychiatry referral was provided to those requiring it. Association of post-partum depression with various socio-demographic and medical correlates was then sought through statistical analysis. Results: Post-partum depression was observed in 82 out of 250 females (32.8%). On univariable analysis family income, illiteracy, history of depression, caesarean section, death in family, were significantly associated with post-partum depression. On multi-variable analysis, poverty, female gender of baby, domestic violence and were observed as true predictors of depression in post-partum period (p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression was prevalent among almost one-third of postnatal females. Poverty, Cesarean section, domestic violence and poor spousal support have been identified as major contributors towards psychiatric morbidities. Taking care of these largely modifiable risk factors can prevent development of postpartum depression.
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16
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Lightner AL, Ashburn JH, Brar MS, Carvello M, Chandrasinghe P, van Overstraeten ADB, Fleshner PR, Gallo G, Kotze PG, Holubar SD, Reza LM, Spinelli A, Strong SA, Tozer PJ, Truong A, Warusavitarne J, Yamamoto T, Zaghiyan K. Fistulizing Crohn's disease. Curr Probl Surg 2020; 57:100808. [PMID: 33187597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2020.100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Lightner AL, Ashburn JH, Brar MS, Carvello M, Fleshner PR, Gallo G, Kotze PG, Holubar SD, Reza LM, Spinelli A, Strong SA, Tozer PJ, Truong A, Warusavitarne J, Yamamoto T, Zaghiyan K. In brief. Curr Probl Surg 2020. [PMID: 33187595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2020.100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Esmail A, Pooran A, Sabur NF, Fadul M, Brar MS, Oelofse S, Tomasicchio M, Dheda K. An Optimal Diagnostic Strategy for Tuberculosis in Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF and Alere Determine TB LAM Ag. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58:e01032-20. [PMID: 32727831 PMCID: PMC7512177 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01032-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients is challenging. Both a urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test (Alere TB LAM) and GeneXpert-MTB/RIF (Xpert) are useful for the diagnosis of TB. However, how to optimally integrate Xpert and LAM tests into clinical practice algorithms remain unclear. We performed a post hoc analysis of 561 HIV-infected sputum-expectorating patients (median CD4 count of 130 cells/ml) from a previously published randomized controlled trial evaluating the LAM test in hospitalized HIV-infected patients with suspected TB. We evaluated 5 different diagnostic strategies using sputum culture as a reference standard (Xpert alone, LAM alone, sequential Xpert followed by LAM and vice versa [LAM in Xpert-negative patients and Xpert in LAM-negative patients], and both tests concurrently [LAM + Xpert]). A cost-consequence analysis was performed. Strategy-specific sensitivity and specificity, using culture as a reference, were similar with the Xpert-only and sequential and concurrent strategies. However, when any positive TB-specific test was used as a reference, the incremental yield of LAM over Xpert was 29.6% (45/152) and that of Xpert over LAM was 75% (84/11). The incremental yield of LAM increased with decreasing CD4 count. The costs per TB case diagnosed were similar for the sequential and concurrent strategies ($1,617 to $1,626). In sputum-expectorating hospitalized patients with advanced HIV and access to both tests, concurrent testing with Xpert and LAM may be the best strategy for diagnosing TB. These data inform clinical practice in settings where TB and HIV are endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliasgar Esmail
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anil Pooran
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natasha F Sabur
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammed Fadul
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Division of General Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Suzette Oelofse
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michele Tomasicchio
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Keertan Dheda
- Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Brar MS, Remzi F, Warusavitarne J, Datta I. Does antibiotic therapy prevent fistula in-ano after incision and drainage of simple perianal abscess? Can J Surg 2020; 63:E362-E364. [PMID: 32813483 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.017119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mantaj S Brar
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (Raval, Morris); and the Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Temple)
| | - Feza Remzi
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (Raval, Morris); and the Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Temple)
| | - Janindra Warusavitarne
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (Raval, Morris); and the Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Temple)
| | - Indraneel Datta
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC (Raval, Morris); and the Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Temple)
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Rochon RM, Gimon T, Buie WD, Brar MS, Dixon E, MacLean AR. Expedited discharge in uncomplicated acute appendicitis: Decreasing the length of stay while maintaining quality. Am J Surg 2019; 217:830-833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to review MRI technique, relevant anatomy, and MRI classification systems for the assessment of perianal fistulising disease. We present a stepwise approach to the assessment of perianal fistulas on MRI utilizing a systematic reporting format. CONCLUSION MRI is invaluable for the assessment of perianal fistulas. A systematic report can help communicate the anatomy of complex fistulising disease to assist with optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Thipphavong
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
| | - Andreu F Costa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Victoria General Bldg, 3rd Fl, 1276 S Park St, Halifax, NS, B3H 2Y9, Canada
| | - Hamideh Ale Ali
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - David Chenhan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, 4th Floor, 263 McCaul Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1W7, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, Suite 451, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Kartik S Jhaveri
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
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Laws A, Brar MS, Bouchard-Fortier A, Leong B, Quan ML. Does intra-operative margin assessment improve margin status and re-excision rates? A population-based analysis of outcomes in breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ. J Surg Oncol 2018; 118:1205-1211. [PMID: 30293241 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Using a 2 mm margin criteria, we evaluated the effect of intra-operative margin assessment on margin status and re-excisions following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). METHODS We identified patients undergoing BCS for DCIS from a prospective, population-based database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the effect of specimen mammography, ultrasound and macroscopic assessment by a pathologist on margins and re-excision rates. RESULTS In 588 patients, 52% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48%-56%) had positive margins (<2 mm), 39% (95% CI, 35%-43%) had a re-excision and 15% (95% CI, 12%-18%) had completion mastectomy. There were few re-excisions for margins ≥2 mm (2%). Adjusting for confounders, any margin assessment versus wire localization alone did not reduce positive margins (odds ratio [OR], 0.75; P = 0.202) or re-excisions (OR, 1.14; P = 0.564), however both outcomes varied by type of technique ( P < 0.001). Individually, only macroscopic assessment by pathologist reduced positive margins (OR, 0.54; P = 0.002) and re-excisions (OR, 0.61; P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Despite adherence to a 2 mm margin criteria, re-excision rates remain high following BCS for DCIS, with 39% converted to mastectomy when re-excision is required. Intra-operative margin assessment does not appear to reduce re-excisions; in particular, surgeons should be aware of the limitations of specimen mammography for margin assessment in DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Laws
- Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Brad Leong
- Cancer Surgery Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Canada
| | - May Lynn Quan
- Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Canada
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Sabur NF, Esmail A, Brar MS, Dheda K. Diagnosing tuberculosis in hospitalized HIV-infected individuals who cannot produce sputum: is urine lipoarabinomannan testing the answer? BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:803. [PMID: 29282005 PMCID: PMC5745979 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to one third of HIV-infected individuals with suspected TB are sputum-scarce. The Alere Determine™ TB LAM Ag lateral flow strip test can be used to diagnose TB in HIV-infected patients with advanced immunosuppression. However, how urine LAM testing should be incorporated into testing algorithms and in the context of specific patient sub-groups remains unclear. Methods This study represents a post hoc sub-group analysis of data from a randomized multi-center parent study. The study population consisted of hospitalized HIV-infected patients with suspected TB who were unable to produce sputum and who underwent urine LAM testing. The diagnostic utility of urine LAM for TB in this group was compared to the performance of urine LAM in patients who did produce a sputum sample in the parent study. Results There were a total of 187 and 2341 patients in the sputum-scarce and sputum-producing cohorts, respectively. 80 of the sputum-scarce patients underwent testing with urine LAM. In comparison to those who did produce sputum, sputum-scarce patients had a younger age, a lower Karnofsky performance score, and a lower weight and BMI at admission. A greater proportion of sputum-scarce patients were urine LAM positive, compared to those who were able to produce sputum (31% vs. 21%, p = 0.04). A higher proportion of sputum-scarce patients died within 8 weeks of admission (32% vs. 24%, p = 0.013). We inferred that 19% of HIV-infected sputum-scarce patients suspected of TB were diagnosed with tuberculosis by urine LAM testing, with an estimated positive predictive value of 63% (95% CI 43–82%). Conclusions Urine LAM testing can effectively identify tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients who are at a higher risk of mortality yet are unable to generate a sputum sample for diagnostic testing. Our findings support the use of urine LAM testing in sputum-scarce hospitalized HIV-infected patients, and its incorporation into diagnostic algorithms for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha F Sabur
- Lung Infection and Immunity Unit, Division of Pulmonology and University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, H47 Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.,Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital and West Park Healthcare Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aliasgar Esmail
- Lung Infection and Immunity Unit, Division of Pulmonology and University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, H47 Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Keertan Dheda
- Lung Infection and Immunity Unit, Division of Pulmonology and University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, H47 Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. .,Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Laws A, Brar MS, Bouchard-Fortier A, Leong B, Quan ML. Intraoperative Margin Assessment in Wire-Localized Breast-Conserving Surgery for Invasive Cancer: A Population-Level Comparison of Techniques. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:3290-6. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Edwards JP, Dharampal N, Chung W, Brar MS, Ball CG, Seto J, Grondin SC. Has the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in thoracic surgery improved? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015; 49:1476-82. [PMID: 26503723 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezv375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the thoracic surgery literature according to Consolidated Standard for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) and to determine predictors of quality. METHODS All RCTs published in four principal journals between 1998 and 2013 were identified in PubMed. Two independent reviewers assessed each trial using the CONSORT checklist (1996) with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Mean checklist scores were compared between trials published from 1998 to 2005 and 2006 to 2013. The κ statistic for inter-rater agreement was calculated. Stepwise multivariable linear regression was then performed to identify independent predictors of quality. RESULTS After 2 rounds of review, 203 of the 2838 identified articles met inclusion criteria. The overall κ coefficient was 0.95 indicating very good agreement between reviewers. The mean CONSORT score was significantly higher in 2006-13 [mean 10.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.3-11.2] than in 1998-2005 (mean 9.3; 95% CI: 8.7-9.6). On multivariable analysis, there was strong evidence of an increased mean CONSORT score in studies comparing non-surgical interventions, multicentre trials, publications after 2006, studies with increased number of authors and studies funded by industries. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the quality of reporting in the thoracic surgery literature is improving with time and is predicted by factors including number of authors, multicentre trials, type of comparison, time period of publication and industry sponsorship. Ongoing efforts should be made to improve the quality of reporting in thoracic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet P Edwards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Navjit Dharampal
- Division of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Wiley Chung
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mantaj S Brar
- Division of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Chad G Ball
- Division of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jonathan Seto
- Division of General Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sean C Grondin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Graham PJ, Brar MS, Foster T, McCall M, Bouchard-Fortier A, Temple W, Quan ML. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer, Is Practice Changing? A Population-Based Review of Current Surgical Trends. Ann Surg Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26202561 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is used to downstage locally advanced and inoperable tumors. Expanded benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy include downstaging of tumors to allow breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and assessment of in vivo tumor response. We sought to identify patterns and predictors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy use to determine if this has translated into population-level clinical practice. METHODS All patients undergoing surgery for invasive breast cancer between January 2012 and June 2014 were identified from our provincial synoptic operating room database. Data regarding patient demographics, hospital, operating surgeon, preoperative tumor characteristics, neoadjuvant treatment, and type of surgery performed were collected. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analysis were used to identify predictors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS A total of 4186 patients were identified, 363 (8.53%) of whom underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A significant increase was seen in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy over time. In multivariable analysis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with prechemotherapy tumor size, multicentricity, lymph node positivity, and decreasing patient age. In addition, there was significant variability in neoadjuvant chemotherapy use between operating surgeons. Of those patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 68.9% were not pretreatment candidates for BCS. At the time of definitive surgery, 72.1% had mastectomy, with 18.7% opting for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. As reported, this was due to the tumor being advanced/too large (50.4%), patient preference (12.6%), multicentricity (8.8%) and margins, genetics, and previous radiotherapy (4%). CONCLUSIONS A significant increase in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy over time was identified, and treatment with mastectomy as definitive surgical management remained high. There was significant variability in neoadjuvant chemotherapy use by the operating surgeons, in addition to factors generally associated with more locally advanced/aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Graham
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Calgary, 1331 29 Street Northwest, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N2, Canada,
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Brar MS, Brar SS, Dixon E. Perioperative supplemental oxygen in colorectal patients: a meta-analysis. J Surg Res 2009; 166:227-35. [PMID: 19922947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative supplemental oxygen has been proposed to decrease the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in colorectal surgery. A number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been reported with inconsistent results. In addition, relevant clinical outcomes other than SSIs have been collected in these studies and have been equivocal. A meta-analysis of RCTs was performed to elucidate the effects of perioperative supplemental oxygen in colorectal surgery on SSI incidence, mortality, ICU admission, and length of stay. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the Cochrane Clinical Trials Registry was performed in duplicate. In addition, bibliographic searches were performed, and experts were contacted for unpublished data. RCTs involving colorectal patients that included perioperative supplemental oxygen as a treatment arm and defined SSI as an outcome were included. RESULTS Five studies met inclusion criteria. Using a random-effects model, perioperative supplemental oxygen did not significantly reduce SSIs (OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.43, 1.10], P = 0.12). However, a significant mortality benefit was observed (OR = 0.18, 95% CI [0.05, 0.69], P = 0.01). There was no significant difference in the rate of ICU admission or length of stay. Tests of heterogeneity were performed, and significant heterogeneity was only present with respect to length of stay. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative supplemental oxygen in colorectal surgery does not significantly reduce SSI. However, supplemental oxygen appears to confer a mortality benefit, a previously unreported finding. Further RCTs are required to confirm these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantaj S Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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