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Zakaria F, Akhtar MT, Wan Norhamidah WI, Noraini AB, Muhamad A, Shohaimi S, Ahmad H, Ismail IS, Ismail NH, Shaari K. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Extract ameliorates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism in acute reserpine-induced stress zebrafish model via 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109501. [PMID: 36336330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder that can adversely affect psychosocial function and quality of life. However, the exact aetiology and pathogenesis of depression are still unclear. Stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of depression. The use of currently prescribed antidepressants has many side effects. Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) has shown promising antidepressant activity in rodent models. Here, we developed a reserpine-induced zebrafish stress-like model and performed behavioural analysis, cortisol measurement and 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics analysis to test the anti-stress activity of ethanolic extract of C. asiatica (RECA). A significant increase in total distance travelled (F(8,8) = 8.905, p = 0.0054) and a reduction in freezing duration (F(9, 9) = 10.38, p = 0.0018) were found in the open field test (OFT). Asiaticoside, one of tested C.asiatica's triterpenoid gives a significant increase in contact duration (F(5,5) = 142.3, (p = 0.0330) at 2.5 mg/kg). Eight biomarkers were found, i.e. ß-hydroxyisovaleric acid, leucine, threonine, scylloinositol, lactate, betaine, valine, choline and l-fucose, to be responsible for the class separation between stress and RECA-treated groups. Metabolic pathway alteration in zebrafish brain upon treatment with RECA was identified as valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, while alanine, aspartate, glutamate and glycerophospholipid metabolism was involved after fluoxetine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauziahanim Zakaria
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wan Ibrahim Wan Norhamidah
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Bakar Noraini
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azira Muhamad
- National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Malaysia Genome Institute, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shamarina Shohaimi
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hafandi Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Attar-Ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abdul Rahim N, Nordin N, Ahmad Rasedi NIS, Mohd Kauli FS, Wan Ibrahim WN, Zakaria F. Behavioral and cortisol analysis of the anti-stress effect of Polygonum minus (Huds) extracts in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) zebrafish model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 256:109303. [PMID: 35202824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded approximately 350 million people worldwide have suffered from mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and addictive behaviors. The search for new drugs from nature has drawn on many biological resources and human practices. In this study, leaves of Polygonum minus standardized extract (Biokesum®), 1 and 100 mg/L were used to evaluate the anti-stress effect in the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) zebrafish model. Five groups of zebrafish were manipulated in this study, comprising control, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), CUS + Biokesum® 1 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion) CUS + Biokesum® 100 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion) and CUS + fluoxetine 0.6 mg/L (4 days, 20 min/day, immersion). Four different behavioral tests were used, i.e. open-field test, social interaction test, light and dark test, and exploratory test. After four consecutive days of treatment, the zebrafish were sacrificed for whole-body cortisol analysis. The exploratory test showed a significant change upon P. minus treatment (one-way ANOVA; p = 0.0011). Cortisol analysis showed a decrease of cortisol level after treatment with the extract and fluoxetine, without significant difference. These results showed that zebrafish is a reliable model to study the anti-stress effect of compounds or herbal extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhidayah Abdul Rahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nurfatihah Nordin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Fauziahanim Zakaria
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia..
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Silverman JL, Thurm A, Ethridge SB, Soller MM, Petkova SP, Abel T, Bauman MD, Brodkin ES, Harony‐Nicolas H, Wöhr M, Halladay A. Reconsidering animal models used to study autism spectrum disorder: Current state and optimizing future. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 21:e12803. [PMID: 35285132 PMCID: PMC9189007 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), are pervasive, often lifelong disorders, lacking evidence-based interventions for core symptoms. With no established biological markers, diagnoses are defined by behavioral criteria. Thus, preclinical in vivo animal models of NDDs must be optimally utilized. For this reason, experts in the field of behavioral neuroscience convened a workshop with the goals of reviewing current behavioral studies, reports, and assessments in rodent models. Goals included: (a) identifying the maximal utility and limitations of behavior in animal models with construct validity; (b) providing recommendations for phenotyping animal models; and (c) guidelines on how in vivo models should be used and reported reliably and rigorously while acknowledging their limitations. We concluded by recommending minimal criteria for reporting in manuscripts going forward. The workshop elucidated a consensus of potential solutions to several problems, including revisiting claims made about animal model links to ASD (and related conditions). Specific conclusions included: mice (or other rodent or preclinical models) are models of the neurodevelopmental insult, not specifically any disorder (e.g., ASD); a model that perfectly recapitulates a disorder such as ASD is untenable; and greater attention needs be given to validation of behavioral testing methods, data analysis, and critical interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill L. Silverman
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping ServiceNational Institute of Mental HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Sarah B. Ethridge
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping ServiceNational Institute of Mental HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Makayla M. Soller
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stela P. Petkova
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Neuroscience and PharmacologyIowa Neuroscience Institute, University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Melissa D. Bauman
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Edward S. Brodkin
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research LaboratoryPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hala Harony‐Nicolas
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and TreatmentIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Research Unit Brain and Cognition, Laboratory of Biological PsychologySocial and Affective Neuroscience Research Group, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium,Leuven Brain InstituteKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium,Faculty of Psychology, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral NeurosciencePhilipps‐University of MarburgMarburgGermany,Center for Mind, Brain, and BehaviorPhilipps‐University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Alycia Halladay
- Autism Science FoundationUSA,Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
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Lachowicz J, Niedziałek K, Rostkowska E, Szopa A, Świąder K, Szponar J, Serefko A. Zebrafish as an Animal Model for Testing Agents with Antidepressant Potential. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080792. [PMID: 34440536 PMCID: PMC8401799 DOI: 10.3390/life11080792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental disease that, according to statistics, affects 320 million people worldwide. Additionally, a current situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant deterioration of mental health in people around the world. So far, rodents have been treated as basic animal models used in studies on this disease, but in recent years, Danio rerio has emerged as a new organism that might serve well in preclinical experiments. Zebrafish have a lot of advantages, such as a quick reproductive cycle, transparent body during the early developmental stages, high genetic and physiological homology to humans, and low costs of maintenance. Here, we discuss the potential of the zebrafish model to be used in behavioral studies focused on testing agents with antidepressant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lachowicz
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | - Karolina Niedziałek
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Świąder
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Szponar
- Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Toxicology Clinic, Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Serefko
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
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German-Ponciano LJ, Dutra Costa BP, Feitosa LM, Campos KDS, da Silva Chaves SN, Cueto-Escobedo J, Lima-Maximino M, Rodríguez-Landa JF, Maximino C. Chrysin, but not flavone backbone, decreases anxiety-like behavior in animal screens. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104850. [PMID: 32961254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), a nutraceutical flavonoid present in diverse plants, has a backbone structure shared with the flavone backbone, with additional hydroxyl groups that confers its antioxidant properties and effects at the GABAA receptor complex. However, whether these effects are due to the hydroxyl groups is unknown. Here we report the effects of chrysin or the flavone backbone (1 mg/kg) in rats subjected to the elevated plus-maze and the locomotor activity test, as well as in the zebrafish evaluated in light/dark model. Chrysin, but not flavone, increased entries and time in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze, as well as time on white compartment of the light/dark model in zebrafish. These effects were comparable to diazepam, and were devoid of motor effects in both tests, as well as in the locomotor activity test. On the other hand, flavone decreased risk assessment in the light/dark test but increased rearing in the locomotor activity test in rats, suggesting effects threat information gathering; important species differences suggest new avenues of research. It is suggested that the specific effects of chrysin in relation to flavone include more of a mechanism of action in which in addition to its action at the GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex also could be involved its free radical scavenging abilities, which require specific research. Preprint: https://doi.org/10.1101/575514; Data and scripts:https://github.com/lanec-unifesspa/chrysin.
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Affiliation(s)
- León Jesús German-Ponciano
- Programa de Posgrado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Miranda Feitosa
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia e Biofísica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil
| | - Kimberly Dos Santos Campos
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia e Biofísica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil
| | - Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves
- Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Monica Lima-Maximino
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia e Biofísica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil
| | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Programa de Posgrado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Facultad de Quimica Farmaceutica Biologica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Caio Maximino
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, Pará, Brazil.
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Abstract
With a strong tendency to socialise, the zebrafish is a useful model to study social behaviour, with implications for better treatments of social impairments, for instance in autism spectrum disorders. Although oxytocin is crucial for social behaviour in mammals, the importance of the fish orthologue – isotocin or zebrafish oxytocin (zOT) – for social behaviour in zebrafish is unclear. The aims of this study were firstly, to elucidate the receptor specificity of zOT and the related vasotocin or zebrafish vasopressin (zVP; the orthologue of mammalian vasopressin) and the nonpeptidergic oxytocin receptor antagonist L-368,899, and secondly to investigate if L-368,899 inhibits social preference in zebrafish. The potencies of ligands were evaluated for zOT/zVP family receptors in HEK293 cells. Adult and larval zebrafish were treated with L-368,899 or vehicle and subsequently assessed for social behaviour and anxiety (adults only). The antagonist L-368,899 specifically inhibited the two zOT receptors, but not the two zVP-1 receptors. The antagonist decreased social preference in adult and larval zebrafish. It did not affect anxiety in adults. These results indicate that endogenous zOT, and possibly zVP, is involved in social behaviour in zebrafish via either or both of the two zOT receptors, and show promise for future explorations of the anatomy and evolution of networks underlying social behaviour.
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Reis CG, Mocelin R, Benvenutti R, Marcon M, Sachett A, Herrmann AP, Elisabetsky E, Piato A. Effects of N-acetylcysteine amide on anxiety and stress behavior in zebrafish. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:591-601. [PMID: 31768573 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Their etiology is related to stress, an adaptive response of the organism to restore homeostasis, in which oxidative stress and glutamatergic hyperactivity are involved. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a multitarget approved drug proved to be beneficial in the treatment of various mental disorders. Nevertheless, NAC has low membrane permeability and poor bioavailability and its limited delivery to the brain may explain inconsistencies in the literature. N-Acetylcysteine amide (AD4) is a synthetic derivative of NAC in which the carboxyl group was modified to an amide. The amidation of AD4 improved lipophilicity and blood-brain barrier permeability and enhanced its antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of AD4 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in zebrafish anxiety models. Neither AD4 nor NAC induced effects on locomotion and anxiety-related parameters in the novel tank test. However, in the light/dark test, AD4 (0.001 mg/L) increased the time spent in the lit side in a concentration 100 times lower than NAC (0.1 mg/L). In the acute restraint stress protocol, NAC and AD4 (0.001 mg/L) showed anxiolytic properties without meaningful effects on oxidative status. The study suggests that AD4 has anxiolytic effects in zebrafish with higher potency than the parent compound. Additional studies are warranted to characterize the anxiolytic profile of AD4 and its potential in the management of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Reis
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ricieri Mocelin
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Radharani Benvenutti
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Matheus Marcon
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Adrieli Sachett
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elaine Elisabetsky
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Geng Y, Peterson RT. The zebrafish subcortical social brain as a model for studying social behavior disorders. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm039446. [PMID: 31413047 PMCID: PMC6737945 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.039446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behaviors are essential for the survival and reproduction of social species. Many, if not most, neuropsychiatric disorders in humans are either associated with underlying social deficits or are accompanied by social dysfunctions. Traditionally, rodent models have been used to model these behavioral impairments. However, rodent assays are often difficult to scale up and adapt to high-throughput formats, which severely limits their use for systems-level science. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have used zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system to study social behavior. These studies have demonstrated clear potential in overcoming some of the limitations of rodent models. In this Review, we explore the evolutionary conservation of a subcortical social brain between teleosts and mammals as the biological basis for using zebrafish to model human social behavior disorders, while summarizing relevant experimental tools and assays. We then discuss the recent advances gleaned from zebrafish social behavior assays, the applications of these assays to studying related disorders, and the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Geng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Argus: An open-source and flexible software application for automated quantification of behavior during social interaction in adult zebrafish. Behav Res Methods 2018; 51:727-746. [PMID: 30105442 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-018-1083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish show great potential for behavioral neuroscience. Promising lines of research, however, require the development and validation of software tools that will allow automated and cost-effective behavioral analysis. Building on our previous work with the RealFishTracker (in-house-developed tracking system), we present Argus, a data extraction and analysis tool built in the open-source R language for behavioral researchers without any expertise in R. Argus includes a new, user-friendly, and efficient graphical user interface, instead of a command-line interface, and offers simplicity and flexibility in measuring complex zebrafish behavior through customizable parameters. In this article, we compare Argus with Noldus EthoVision and Noldus The Observer, to validate this new system. All three software applications were originally designed to quantify the behavior of a single subject. We first also performed an analysis of the movement of individual fish and compared the performance of the three software applications. Next we computed and quantified the behavioral variables that characterize dyadic interactions between zebrafish. We found that Argus and EthoVision extract similar absolute values and patterns of changes in these values for several behavioral measures, including speed, freezing, erratic movement, and interindividual distance. In contrast, the manual coding of behavior in The Observer showed weaker correlations with the two tracking methods (EthoVision and Argus). Thus, Argus is a novel, cost-effective, and customizable method for the analysis of adult zebrafish behavior that may be utilized for the behavioral quantification of both single and dyadic interacting subjects, but further sophistication will be needed for the proper identification of complex motor patterns, measures that a human observers can easily detect.
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Shams S, Rihel J, Ortiz JG, Gerlai R. The zebrafish as a promising tool for modeling human brain disorders: A review based upon an IBNS Symposium. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 85:176-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Vignet C, Parrott J. Maturation of behaviour in the fathead minnow. Behav Processes 2017; 138:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Prevention of unpredictable chronic stress-related phenomena in zebrafish exposed to bromazepam, fluoxetine and nortriptyline. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:3815-3824. [PMID: 27562666 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Several model organisms have been employed to study the impacts of stress on biological systems. Different models of unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) have been established in rodents; however, these protocols are expensive, long-lasting, and require a large physical structure. Our group has recently reported an UCS protocol in zebrafish with several advantages compared to rodent models. We observed that UCS induced behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes similar to those observed in depressed patients, supporting the translational relevance of the protocol. OBJECTIVES Considering that a pharmacological assessment is lacking in this zebrafish model, our aim was to evaluate the effects of anxiolytic (bromazepam) and antidepressant drugs (fluoxetine and nortriptyline) on behavioral (novel tank test), biochemical (whole-body cortisol), and molecular parameters (cox-2, tnf-α, il-6, and il-10 gene expression) in zebrafish subjected to UCS. RESULTS We replicated previous data showing that UCS induces behavioral and neuroendocrine alterations in zebrafish, and we show for the first time that anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs are able to prevent such effects. Furthermore, we extended the molecular characterization of the model, revealing that UCS increases expression of the pro-inflammatory markers cox-2 and il-6, which was also prevented by the drugs tested. CONCLUSIONS This study reinforces the use of zebrafish as a model organism to study the behavioral and physiological effects of stress. The UCS protocol may also serve as a screening tool for evaluating new drugs that can be used to treat psychiatric disorders with stress-related etiologies.
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Perathoner S, Cordero-Maldonado ML, Crawford AD. Potential of zebrafish as a model for exploring the role of the amygdala in emotional memory and motivational behavior. J Neurosci Res 2016; 94:445-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Perathoner
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB); University of Luxembourg; Belvaux Luxembourg
| | | | - Alexander D. Crawford
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB); University of Luxembourg; Belvaux Luxembourg
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