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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Eldahshan OA, Abdelkhalek YM, El Dahshan M, Ahmed EA, Sabatier JM, Batiha GES. The possible role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 activators in the management of Covid-19. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23605. [PMID: 38069809 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by a novel SARS-CoV-2 leading to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations due to oxidative stress (OS) development and hyperinflammation. COVID-19 is primarily asymptomatic though it may cause acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammation, and thrombotic events in severe cases. SARS-CoV-2-induced OS triggers the activation of different signaling pathways, which counterbalances this complication. One of these pathways is nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which induces a series of cellular interactions to mitigate SARS-CoV-2-mediated viral toxicity and OS-induced cellular injury. Nrf2 pathway inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of cytokine storm in COVID-19. Therefore, Nrf2 activators may play an essential role in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced inflammation by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19. Furthermore, Nrf2 activators can attenuate endothelial dysfunction (ED), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) dysregulation, immune thrombosis, and coagulopathy. Thus this mini-review tries to clarify the possible role of the Nrf2 activators in the management of COVID-19. Nrf2 activators could be an effective therapeutic strategy in the management of Covid-19. Preclinical and clinical studies are recommended in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Iraq
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Magdy El Dahshan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Jean-Marc Sabatier
- Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), CNRS UMR 7051, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Gaber E-S Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, AlBeheira, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Li X, Guo J, He B, Wu L, Yang R, Li X, Fang D, Yang X, Yang D, Wang F, Tang M, Han Y, Jose PA, Wang H, Zeng C. β-aminoisobutyrics acid, a metabolite of BCAA, activates the AMPK/Nrf-2 pathway to prevent ferroptosis and ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Med 2023; 29:164. [PMID: 38049750 PMCID: PMC10696792 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious clinical problem without effective treatment. Enhancing branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) metabolism can protect against cardiac I/R injury, which may be related to bioactive molecules generated by BCAA metabolites. L-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA), a metabolite of BCAA, has multi-organ protective effects, but whether it protects against lung I/R injury is unclear. METHODS To assess the protective effect of L-BAIBA against lung I/R injury, an animal model was generated by clamping the hilum of the left lung, followed by releasing the clamp in C57BL/6 mice. Mice with lung I/R injury were pre-treated or post-treated with L-BAIBA (150 mg/kg/day), given by gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Lung injury was assessed by measuring lung edema and analyzing blood gases. Inflammation was assessed by measuring proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and neutrophil infiltration of the lung was measured by myeloperoxidase activity. Molecular biological methods, including western blot and immunofluorescence, were used to detect potential signaling mechanisms in A549 and BEAS-2B cells. RESULTS We found that L-BAIBA can protect the lung from I/R injury by inhibiting ferroptosis, which depends on the up-regulation of the expressions of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, we demonstrated that the Nrf-2 signaling pathway is key to the inhibitory effect of L-BAIBA on ferroptosis in A549 and BEAS-2B cells. L-BAIBA can induce the nuclear translocation of Nrf-2. Interfering with the expression of Nrf-2 eliminated the protective effect of L-BAIBA on ferroptosis. A screening of potential signaling pathways revealed that L-BAIBA can increase the phosphorylation of AMPK, and compound C can block the Nrf-2 nuclear translocation induced by L-BAIBA. The presence of compound C also blocked the protective effects of L-BAIBA on lung I/R injury in C57BL/6 mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that L-BAIBA protects against lung I/R injury via the AMPK/Nrf-2 signaling pathway, which could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Outpatient Department, Hospital of PLA, Hanzhong, Shanxi, 96608, P. R. China
| | - Xingbing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lianpan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Rongpei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Dandong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - XiaoLi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Donghai Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fengxian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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Hamad RS, Al-Kuraishy HM, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Ahmed EA, Saad HM, Batiha GES. SARS-CoV-2 infection and dysregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:657-673. [PMID: 37796433 PMCID: PMC10746631 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01379-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) leading to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations due to the development of oxidative stress (OS) and hyperinflammation. The underlying cause for OS and hyperinflammation in COVID-19 may be related to the inhibition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidative responses and cellular homeostasis. The Nrf2 pathway inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of cytokine storm and OS in COVID-19. Nrf2 activators can attenuate endothelial dysfunction (ED), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) dysregulation, immune thrombosis, and coagulopathy. Hence, this review aimed to reveal the potential role of the Nrf2 pathway and its activators in the management of COVID-19. As well, we tried to revise the mechanistic role of the Nrf2 pathway in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Eman A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
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Sun Z, Song Y, Li J, Li Y, Yu Y, Wang X. Potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy of sepsis: Lactylation. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1042. [PMID: 37904710 PMCID: PMC10571012 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a disease that has plagued human health for decades, sepsis has so far had no specific diagnostic or therapeutic indicators. The discovery of lactylation modifications not only uncovered the deep-rooted causes of changing between lactate level and pathophysiology and immunology of sepsis, but also reaffirmed the inevitable link between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic reprogramming in sepsis. Lactylation modification became a potential marker for diagnosis and guiding the treatment of sepsis. AIM In this paper, we will summarize the discovery and regulation of lactylation modifications, discuss the study of lactylation modifications in sepsis, and evaluate their possibility and potential as diagnostic and therapeutic indicators of sepsis. CONCLUSION Lactylation modification is directly regulated by glycolysis and lactate, and inhibition of glycolytic pathway-related enzymes can regulate the level of lactylation modification, and more importantly, lactylation modification can act on these enzymes to regulate their functions and feedback regulate the level of glycolysis, this finding provides more ideas for clinical treatment of sepsis. We use "epigenetic modification", "glycolysis", "lactate", "lactylaiton" and "sepsis" as keywords and search the relevant literature through Pubmed and Web of science up to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZeXian Sun
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
- Anaesthesiology, The Graduate SchoolTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yu Song
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
- Anaesthesiology, The Graduate SchoolTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jie Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
- Anaesthesiology, The Graduate SchoolTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yize Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - YongHao Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
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Huang W, Zhong Y, Gao B, Zheng B, Liu Y. Nrf2-mediated therapeutic effects of dietary flavones in different diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1240433. [PMID: 37767395 PMCID: PMC10520786 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1240433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological status that occurs when the body's balance between oxidants and antioxidant defense systems is broken, which can promote the development of many diseases. Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription encoded by NFE2L2, is the master regulator of phase II antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective genes. In this context, Nrf2/ARE signaling can be a compelling target against OS-induced diseases. Recently, natural Nrf2/ARE regulators like dietary flavones have shown therapeutic potential in various acute and chronic diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize nrf2-mediated protective effects of flavones in different conditions. Firstly, we retrospected the mechanisms of how flavones regulate the Nrf2/ARE pathway and introduced the mediator role Nrf2 plays in inflammation and apoptosis. Then we review the evidence that flavones modulated Nrf2/ARE pathway to prevent diseases in experimental models. Based on these literature, we found that flavones could regulate Nrf2 expression by mechanisms below: 1) dissociating the binding between Nrf2 and Keap1 via PKC-mediated Nrf2 phosphorylation and P62-mediated Keap1 autophagic degradation; 2) regulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation by various kinases like AMPK, MAPKs, Fyn; 3) decreasing Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation via activating sirt1 and PI3K/AKT-mediated GSK3 inhibition; and 4) epigenetic alternation of Nrf2 such as demethylation at the promoter region and histone acetylation. In conclusion, flavones targeting Nrf2 can be promising therapeutic agents for various OS-related disorders. However, there is a lack of investigations on human subjects, and new drug delivery systems to improve flavones' treatment efficiency still need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Huang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Botao Gao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030663. [PMID: 36978911 PMCID: PMC10045397 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They have received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine and have been widely used in traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such complimentary medical herbal formulations are extremely complex mixtures of many pharmacologically active compounds that provide a therapeutic outcome through a network pharmacological effects of considerable complexity. Methods are emerging to determine the active components used in complimentary medicine and their therapeutic targets and to decipher the complexities of how network pharmacology provides such therapeutic effects. The gut microbiome has important roles to play in the generation of bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the intact flavonoid and, in some cases, new antitumor and antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items have been identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting that neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed to preserve a healthy population of bacterial symbiont species and minimize the establishment of harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an important consideration effecting the overall health and wellbeing of linked organ systems. Bioconversion of dietary flavonoid components in the gut generates therapeutic metabolites that can also be transported by the vagus nerve and systemic circulation to brain cell populations to exert a beneficial effect. This is particularly important in a number of neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized by effects on moods, resulting in depression and anxiety, impaired motor function, and long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids have many beneficial properties in the alleviation of inflammation in tissues, however, concerns have been raised that therapeutic levels of flavonoids may not be achieved, thus allowing them to display optimal therapeutic effects. Dietary manipulation and vagal stimulation have both yielded beneficial responses in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, depression, and anxiety, establishing the vagal nerve as a route of communication in the gut-brain axis with established roles in disease intervention. While a number of native flavonoids are beneficial in the treatment of neurological disorders and are known to penetrate the blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated flavonoid metabolites (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of the native flavonoid in addition to bioactive properties that promote mitochondrial health and cerebrovascular microcapillary function, should also be considered as potential biotherapeutic agents. Studies are warranted to experimentally examine the efficacy of flavonoid metabolites directly, as they emerge as novel therapeutic options.
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Mahomoodally MF, Aumeeruddy MZ, Legoabe LJ, Dall’Acqua S, Zengin G. Plants' bioactive secondary metabolites in the management of sepsis: Recent findings on their mechanism of action. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1046523. [PMID: 36588685 PMCID: PMC9800845 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1046523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe inflammatory response to systemic infection and is a threatening cause of death in intensive care units. In recent years, a number of studies have been conducted on the protective effect of natural products against sepsis-induced organ injury. However, a comprehensive review of these studies indicating the mechanisms of action of the bioactive compounds is still lacking. In this context, this review aimed to provide an updated analysis of the mechanism of action of plants' secondary metabolites in the management of sepsis. Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed were searched from inception to July 2022. A variety of secondary metabolites were found to be effective in sepsis management including allicin, aloin, cepharanthine, chrysin, curcumin, cyanidin, gallic acid, gingerol, ginsenoside, glycyrrhizin, hesperidin, kaempferol, narciclasine, naringenin, naringin, piperine, quercetin, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, shogaol, silymarin, sulforaphane, thymoquinone, umbelliferone, and zingerone. The protective effects exerted by these compounds can be ascribed to their antioxidant properties as well as induction of endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, and also via the downregulation of inflammatory response and reduction of biochemical and inflammatory markers of sepsis. These findings suggest that these secondary metabolites could be of potential therapeutic value in the management of sepsis, but human studies must be performed to provide strength to their potential clinical relevance in sepsis-related morbidity and mortality reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam,*Correspondence: Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally, ; Stefano Dall’Acqua,
| | | | - Lesetja Jan Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,*Correspondence: Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally, ; Stefano Dall’Acqua,
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
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Yao J, Miao Y, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Chen H, Wu X, Yang Y, Dai X, Hu Q, Wan M, Tang W. Dao-Chi Powder Ameliorates Pancreatitis-Induced Intestinal and Cardiac Injuries via Regulating the Nrf2-HO-1-HMGB1 Signaling Pathway in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922130. [PMID: 35899121 PMCID: PMC9310041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dao-Chi powder (DCP) has been widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, but has not been used in acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of DCP on severe AP (SAP) and SAP-associated intestinal and cardiac injuries. To this end, an SAP animal model was established by retrograde injection of 3.5% taurocholic acid sodium salt into the biliopancreatic ducts of rats. Intragastric DCP (9.6 g/kg.BW) was administered 12 h after modeling. The pancreas, duodenum, colon, heart and blood samples were collected 36 h after the operation for histological and biochemical detection. The tissue distributions of the DCP components were determined and compared between the sham and the SAP groups. Moreover, molecular docking analysis was employed to investigate the interactions between the potential active components of DCP and its targets (Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1). Consequently, DCP treatment decreased the serum levels of amylase and the markers of gastrointestinal and cardiac injury, further alleviating the pathological damage in the pancreas, duodenum, colon, and heart of rats with SAP. Mechanistically, DCP rebalanced the pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited MPO activity and MDA levels in these tissues. Furthermore, Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that DCP intervention enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the duodenum and colon of rats with SAP, while inhibiting the expression of HMGB1 in the duodenum and heart. HPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed that SAP promoted the distribution of ajugol and oleanolic acid to the duodenum, whereas it inhibited the distribution of liquiritigenin to the heart and ajugol to the colon. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that the six screened components of DCP had relatively good binding affinity with Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1. Among these, oleanolic acid had the highest affinity for HO-1. Altogether, DCP could alleviated SAP-induced intestinal and cardiac injuries via inhibiting the inflammatory responses and oxidative stress partially through regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/HMGB1 signaling pathway, thereby providing additional supportive evidence for the clinical treatment of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lv Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Clinical Trial Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiajia Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfu Tang,
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Li Y, Wang X. Chrysin Attenuates High Glucose-Induced BMSC Dysfunction via the Activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:165-182. [PMID: 35058687 PMCID: PMC8763623 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s335024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High glucose environment in diabetes mellitus induces the dysfunction of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and impairs bone regeneration. Chrysin is a natural polyphenol with outstanding anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation ability. However, whether and how chrysin affects BMSCs in high glucose conditions remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of chrysin on the BMSCs exposed to high glucose environment. Materials and Methods Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit 8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine staining, while cell apoptosis was determined through flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI kit. The oxidative stress in BMSCs was evaluated by detecting the reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde content, and superoxide dismutase activity. Alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red staining, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to determine the osteogenic differentiation. Western blot was used to examine the expression of the PI3K/ATK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, chrysin was injected into calvarial defects of type 1 diabetic SD rats to assess its in vivo bone formation capability. Results Chrysin reduced oxidative stress, increased cell viability, and promoted osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs exposed to high glucose. Blocking PI3K/ATK/Nrf2 signaling pathway weakened the beneficial effects of chrysin, indicating that chrysin at least partly worked through the PI3K/ATK/Nrf2 pathway. Conclusion Chrysin can protect BMSCs from high glucose-induced oxidative stress via the activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway, and promote bone regeneration in type 1 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center-Hand and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ximei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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10
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Yu T, Huang D, Wu H, Chen H, Chen S, Cui Q. Navigating Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species by Natural Flavones for the Treatment of Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:718496. [PMID: 34858167 PMCID: PMC8630744 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.718496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), the leading cause of death among men and women world-wide, causes great health and economic burdens. HF can be triggered by many factors, such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, obesity, etc., all of which have close relations with calcium signal and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Calcium is an essential second messenger in signaling pathways, playing a pivotal role in regulating the life and death of cardiomyocytes via the calcium-apoptosis link mediated by the cellular level of calcium. Meanwhile, calcium can also control the rate of energy production in mitochondria that are the major resources of ROS whose overproduction can lead to cell death. More importantly, there are bidirectional interactions between calcium and ROS, and such interactions may have therapeutic implications in treating HF through finely tuning the balance between these two by certain drugs. Many naturally derived products, e.g., flavones and isoflavones, have been shown to possess activities in regulating calcium and ROS simultaneously, thereby leading to a balanced microenvironment in heart tissues to exert therapeutic efficacies in HF. In this mini review, we aimed to provide an updated knowledge of the interplay between calcium and ROS in the development of HF. In addition, we summarized the recent studies (in vitro, in vivo and in clinical trials) using natural isolated flavones and isoflavones in treating HF. Critical challenges are also discussed. The information collected may help to evoke multidisciplinary efforts in developing novel agents for the potential prevention and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danhua Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haokun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingbin Cui
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Hong Y, Liang YP, Chen WQ, You LX, Ni QF, Gao XY, Lin XR. Protective effects of upregulated HO-1 gene against the apoptosis of human retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:649-655. [PMID: 34012878 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.05.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) against H2O2-induced apoptosis in human ARPE-19 cells. METHODS The lentiviral vector expressing HO-1 was prepared and transfected into apoptotic ARPE-19 cells induced by H2O2. Functional experiments including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and mitochondrial membrane potential assay were conducted. RESULTS The ultrastructure of ARPE-19 cells was observed using transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that exogenous HO-1 significantly ameliorated H2O2-induced loss of cell viability, apoptosis and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ARPE-19 cells. The overexpression of HO-1 facilitated the transfer of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) from cytoplasm to nucleus, which in turn upregualted expressions HO-1 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, HO-1 upregulation further inhibited H2O2-induced release of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3). CONCLUSION Exogenous HO-1 protect ARPE-19 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by regulating the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Ping Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei-Qi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liu-Xia You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qing-Feng Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
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