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Kaur H, Sarmah D, Datta A, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Stem cells alleviate OGD/R mediated stress response in PC12 cells following a co-culture: modulation of the apoptotic cascade through BDNF-TrkB signaling. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:1041-1051. [PMID: 36622548 PMCID: PMC10746664 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in several neurovascular disorders, including ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R injury). Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that following I/R injury, ER stress is vital for mediating CCAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12-dependent apoptosis. However, its modulation in the presence of stem cells and the underlying mechanism of cytoprotection remains elusive. In vivo studies from our lab have reported that post-stroke endovascular administration of stem cells renders neuroprotection and regulates apoptosis mediated by ER stress. In the current study, a more robust in vitro validation has been undertaken to decipher the mechanism of stem cell-mediated cytoprotection. Results from our study have shown that oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) potentiated ER stress and apoptosis in the pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cell line as evident by the increase of protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (p-PERK), p-Eukaryotic initiation factor 2α subunit (EIF2α), activation transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CHOP, and caspase 12 expressions. Following the co-culture of PC12 cells with MSCs, ER stress was significantly reduced, possibly via modulating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of BDNF by inhibitor K252a abolished the protective effects of BDNF secreted by MSCs following OGD/R. Our study suggests that inhibition of ER stress-associated apoptotic pathway with MSCs co-culture following OGD/R may help to alleviate cellular injury and further substantiate the use of stem cells as a therapeutic modality toward neuroprotection following hypoxic injury or stroke in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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Williams DP, Thayer JF, Halbert JD, Wang X, Kapuku G. Higher cardiac vagal activity predicts lower peripheral resistance 6 years later in European but not African Americans. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2058-H2065. [PMID: 33769914 PMCID: PMC8163650 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00023.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
African American (AA) individuals are at a greater risk for the development of cardiovascular complications, such as hypertension, compared with European Americans (EAs). Higher vagally mediated heart rate variability (HRV) is typically associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR). However, research has yet to examine the differential impact of HRV on longitudinal hemodynamic activity between AAs and EAs. We sought to rectify this in a sample of 385 normotensive youths (207 AAs, 178 EAs; mean age 23.16 ± 2.9 yr). Individuals participated in two laboratory evaluations spanning approximately 6 yr. Bioimpedance was used to assess HRV at time 1 and cardiac output at both time 1 and time 2. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured at both time points via an automated BP machine. TPR was calculated as MAP divided by cardiac output. Results showed AAs to have higher BP and higher TPR at time 2 compared with EAs, independent of several important covariates. Also, higher HRV at time 1 significantly predicted both lower TPR and BP at time 2 among EAs only; these associations were attenuated and not significant in AAs. HRV did not significantly predict cardiac output at time 2 in the full sample or split by ethnicity. Our findings highlight that AAs show TPR mediated long-term increases in BP irrespective of resting HRV, providing a physiological pathway linking AAs with a greater risk for mortality and morbidity from hypertension and potentially other cardiovascular disease.NEW & NEWSWORTHY African Americans and European Americans differ in hemodynamics underlying long-term blood pressure regulation. Over 6 yr, African Americans show total peripheral resistance-mediated increases in blood pressure compared with European Americans. Higher heart rate variability predicts lower blood pressure and total peripheral resistance 6 yr later in European Americans but not African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeWayne P Williams
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - James D Halbert
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Gaston Kapuku
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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Shen GH, Song Y, Yao Y, Sun QF, Jing B, Wu J, Li SY, Liu SQ, Li HC, Yuan C, Liu GY, Li JB, Liu XY, Wang HY. Downregulation of DLGAP1-Antisense RNA 1 Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury Via Activation of the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt Pathway Results from an Acute Limb Ischemia Rat Model. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019; 59:98-107. [PMID: 31744785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1-AS1) on vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in rat models of acute lower limb ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R). METHODS Differentially expressed lncRNAs related to I/R were screened using the gene expression omnibus database. Acute lower limb I/R models were induced in male Wistar rats, in which the regulatory mechanisms of DLGAP1-AS1 silencing were analysed after the treatment of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against DLGAP1-AS1 or an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway. The relationship between DLGAP1-AS1 and the PI3K/Akt pathway was analysed. The levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and creatine kinase (CK) activity, were measured. The number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and apoptosis of VECs were identified. RESULTS Microarray based analysis indicated that DLGAP1-AS1 was highly expressed in I/R, which was further confirmed by detection of expression in rat models of acute lower limb I/R. Notably, the treatment of siRNA against DLGAP1-AS1 led to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. In response to siRNA against DLGAP1-AS1, the levels of TNF-α and VCAM-1 were decreased, and MDA concentration and CK activity was downregulated. Reduced CEC numbers and suppressed VEC apoptosis were also observed. CONCLUSION DLGAP1-AS1 silencing could further suppress the oxidative stress, exert an anti-apoptosis effect, and reduce inflammatory reaction, whereby VEC injury is alleviated by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in rats with acute lower limb I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bao Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shi-Yong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hao-Cheng Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Gao-Yan Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jing-Bo Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
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Liu L, Zhao M, Yu X, Zang W. Pharmacological Modulation of Vagal Nerve Activity in Cardiovascular Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:156-166. [PMID: 30218283 PMCID: PMC6357265 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are life-threatening illnesses with high morbidity and mortality. Suppressed vagal (parasympathetic) activity and increased sympathetic activity are involved in these diseases. Currently, pharmacological interventions primarily aim to inhibit over-excitation of sympathetic nerves, while vagal modulation has been largely neglected. Many studies have demonstrated that increased vagal activity reduces cardiovascular risk factors in both animal models and human patients. Therefore, the improvement of vagal activity may be an alternate approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, drugs used for vagus nerve activation in cardiovascular diseases are limited in the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential drug targets for modulating vagal nerve activation, including muscarinic, and β-adrenergic receptors. In addition, vagomimetic drugs (such as choline, acetylcholine, and pyridostigmine) and the mechanism underlying their cardiovascular protective effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Choline ameliorates cardiovascular damage by improving vagal activity and inhibiting the inflammatory response in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42553. [PMID: 28225018 PMCID: PMC5320519 DOI: 10.1038/srep42553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autonomic dysfunction and abnormal immunity lead to systemic inflammatory responses, which result in cardiovascular damage in hypertension. The aim of this report was to investigate the effects of choline on cardiovascular damage in hypertension. Eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto rats were intraperitoneally injected with choline or vehicle (8 mg/kg/day). After 8 weeks, choline restored the cardiac function of the SHRs, as evidenced by decreased heart rate, systolic blood pressure, left ventricle systolic pressure, and ±dp/dtmax and increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Choline also ameliorated the cardiac hypertrophy of the SHRs, as indicated by reduced left ventricle internal dimensions and decreased cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area. Moreover, choline improved mesenteric arterial function and preserved endothelial ultrastructure in the SHRs. Notably, the protective effect of choline may be due to its anti-inflammatory effect. Choline downregulated expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α and upregulated IL-10 in the mesenteric arteries of SHRs, possibly because of the inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4. Furthermore, choline restored baroreflex sensitivity and serum acetylcholine level in SHRs, thus indicating that choline improved vagal activity. This study suggests that choline elicits cardiovascular protective effects and may be useful as a potential adjunct therapeutic approach for hypertension.
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He X, Zhao M, Bi X, Sun L, Yu X, Zhao M, Zang W. Novel strategies and underlying protective mechanisms of modulation of vagal activity in cardiovascular diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5489-500. [PMID: 25378088 PMCID: PMC4667861 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of disability and death worldwide. Autonomic imbalance, characterized by suppressed vagal (parasympathetic) activity and increased sympathetic activity, correlates with various pathological conditions, including heart failure, arrhythmia, ischaemia/reperfusion injury and hypertension. Conventionally, pharmacological interventions, such as β-blocker treatment, have primarily targeted suppressing sympathetic over-activation, while vagal modulation has always been neglected. Emerging evidence has documented the improvement of cardiac and vascular function mediated by the vagal nerve. Many investigators have tried to explore the effective ways to enhance vagal tone and normalize the autonomic nervous system. In this review, we attempt to give an overview of these therapeutic strategies, including direct vagal activation (electrical vagal stimulation, ACh administration and ACh receptor activation), pharmacological modulation (adenosine, cholinesterase inhibitors, statins) and exercise training. This overview provides valuable information for combination therapy, contributing to establishment of a comprehensive system on vagal modulation from the aspects of clinical application and lifestyle improvement. In addition, the mechanisms contributing to the benefits of enhancing vagal tone are diverse and have not yet been fully defined. We endeavour to outline the recent findings that advance our knowledge regarding the many favourable effects exerted by vagal activation: anti-inflammatory pathways, modulation of NOS and NO signalling, regulation of redox state, improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and potential calcium regulation. This review may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies targeting enhancing vagal activity for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi He
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Xueyuan Bi
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'anChina
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Lu XZ, Bi XY, He X, Zhao M, Xu M, Yu XJ, Zhao ZH, Zang WJ. Activation of M3 cholinoceptors attenuates vascular injury after ischaemia/reperfusion by inhibiting the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5619-33. [PMID: 25953628 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The activation of M3 cholinoceptors (M3 receptors) by choline reduces cardiovascular risk, but it is unclear whether these receptors can regulate ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced vascular injury. Thus, the primary goal of the present study was to explore the effects of choline on the function of mesenteric arteries following I/R, with a major focus on Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) regulation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats were given choline (10 mg · kg(-1), i.v.) and then the superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 60 min (ischaemia), followed by 90 min of reperfusion. The M3 receptor antagonist, 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP), was injected (0.12 μg · kg(-1), i.v.) 5 min prior to choline treatment. Vascular function was examined in rings of mesenteric arteries isolated after the reperfusion procedure. Vascular superoxide anion production, CaMKII and the levels of Ca(2+)-cycling proteins were also assessed. KEY RESULTS Choline treatment attenuated I/R-induced vascular dysfunction, blocked elevations in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the up-regulated expression of oxidised CaMKII and phosphorylated CaMKII. In addition, choline reversed the abnormal expression of Ca(2+)-cycling proteins, including Na(+)Ca(2+) exchanger, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase and phospholamban. All of these cholinergic effects of choline were abolished by 4-DAMP. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that inhibition of the ROS-mediated CaMKII pathway and modulation of Ca(2+)-cycling proteins may be novel mechanisms underlying choline-induced vascular protection. These results represent a significant addition to the understanding of the pharmacological roles of M3 receptors in the vasculature, providing a new therapeutic strategy for I/R-induced vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng-Hang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Bi X, He X, Xu M, Zhao M, Yu X, Lu X, Zang W. Acetylcholine ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress in endothelial cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation via M3 AChR-AMPK signaling. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:2461-72. [PMID: 26066647 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1060383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with various cardiovascular diseases. However, its pathophysiological relevance and the underlying mechanisms in the context of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in endothelial cells are not fully understood. Previous findings have suggested that acetylcholine (ACh), the major vagal nerve neurotransmitter, protected against cardiomyocyte injury by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This study investigated the role of ER stress in endothelial cells during H/R and explored the beneficial effects of ACh. Our results showed that H/R triggered ER stress and apoptosis in endothelial cells, evidenced by the elevation of glucose-regulated protein 78, cleaved caspase-12 and C/EBP homologous protein expression. ACh significantly decreased ER stress and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling positive cells and restored ER ultrastructural changes induced by H/R, possibly via protein kinase-like ER kinase and inositol-requiring kinase 1 pathways. Additionally, 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide, a type-3 muscarinic ACh receptor (M3 AChR) inhibitor, abolished ACh-mediated increase in AMPK phosphorylation during H/R. Furthermore, M3 AChR or AMPK siRNA abrogated the ACh-elicited the attenuation of ER stress in endothelial cells, indicating that the salutary effects of ACh were likely mediated by M3 AChR-AMPK signaling. Overall, ACh activated AMPK through M3 AChR, thereby inhibited H/R-induced ER stress and apoptosis in endothelial cells. We have suggested for the first time that AMPK may function as an essential intermediate step between M3 AChR stimulation and inhibition of ER stress-associated apoptotic pathway during H/R, which may help to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting ER stress to prevent or alleviate ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Key Words
- 4-DAMP, 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide
- 4-PBA, 4-phenyl butyric acid
- ACh, acetylcholine
- AMPK
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- ATF6, activating transcription factor 6
- CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phospharte dehydrogenase
- GRP78, glucose-regulated protein 78
- H/R, hypoxia/reoxygenation
- I/R, ischemia/reperfusion
- IRE1, inositol-requiring kinase 1
- M3 AChR
- MAChR, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PERK, protein kinase-like ER kinase
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling
- acetylcholine
- apoptosis
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- endothelial cells
- ischemia/reperfusion injury
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Bi
- a Department of Pharmacology ; Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , P.R. China
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Effect of atorvastatin on serum oxidative stress and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide expression in rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 7:398-401. [PMID: 25063069 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on serum oxidative stress and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide expression in rats. METHODS A total of 40 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group (Group A, n=10, saline 5 mL/d), ischemia-reperfusion group (Group B, n=10, saline 5 mL/d), atorvastatin group (Group C, n=10, atorvastatin 20 mg/kg · d), atorvastatin + N-amino-arginine group (Group D, n=10, atorvastatin 20 mg/kg · d + N-amino arginine 15 mg/kg). Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion rat model was established after 3 days of gavage. N-amino arginine 15 mg/kg was given by tail vein injection 15 min before ischemia. After reperfusion, enzymology indicators such us creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase and the oxidative stress parameters such as nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD), and n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS LDH and CK levels of group A were significantly lower than the other three groups, and group B was the highest. There was significant difference between group B and group C (P<0.05), and no significant difference between group B and group D (P>0.05). MDA levels in group B were significantly higher than the other three groups. The lowest was group A, followed by group C, the difference among groups was significantly (P<0.05). TSOD and NO levels in group B was the lowest, the level in group A was the highest, followed by group C, the difference among groups was significant (P<0.05). NT-proBNP level in group B was significantly higher than the other three groups, the lowest was group A, followed by group C, the difference among groups was significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Atorvastatin has a protective effect on the myocardial injury in the myocardial ischemia and reperfusion rats. It can increase NO synthesis and decrease MDA content, increase serum TSOD activity and the oxidative stress effect, meanwhile protect myocardial cells and reduce myocardial injury.
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Qin F, Lu Y, He X, Zhao M, Bi X, Yu X, Liu J, Zang W. Pyridostigmine prevents peripheral vascular endothelial dysfunction in rats with myocardial infarction. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 41:202-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Qin
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Xueyuan Bi
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Jinjun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
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Kurtoglu E, Balta S, Sincer I, Altas Y, Atas H, Yılmaz M, Korkmaz H, Erdem K, Akturk E, Demirkol S, Can C. Comparision of Effects of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin Treatment on Plasma Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Patients With Hyperlipidemia Having Coronary Artery Disease. Angiology 2013; 65:788-93. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319713507333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are prevalent in patients with hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease. A total of 83 patients with hypercholesterolemia and angiographically documented mild coronary artery stenosis were randomized to rosuvastatin treatment (20 mg) or atorvastatin treatment (40 mg) once daily for 6 weeks after a 4-week dietary lead-in phase. Both statins decreased total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride levels effectively. Only rosuvastatin increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Both rosuvastatin and atorvastatin decreased plasma ADMA levels; rosuvastatin had a significantly greater effect. The reduction in ADMA levels were correlated with the reduction in TC and LDL-C levels as well as LDL-C–HDL-C ratio. Treatment with rosuvastatin or atorvastatin in patients with hyperlipidemia with mild coronary artery stenosis may lead to a decrease in ADMA levels, which may contribute to improved endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Kurtoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Elazıg Training and Research Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Sevket Balta
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isa Sincer
- Department of Cardiology, Gaziantep State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Yakup Altas
- Department of Cardiology, Elazıg Training and Research Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Halil Atas
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mucahid Yılmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Elazıg Training and Research Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Hasan Korkmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Firat University Medical School, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Kenan Erdem
- Department of Cardiology, Elazıg Training and Research Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Erdal Akturk
- Department of Cardiology, Adiyaman University Medical School, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Sait Demirkol
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagdas Can
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Elazıg Training and Research Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
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