1
|
Sanjana F, Delgorio PL, DeConne TM, Hiscox LV, Pohlig RT, Johnson CL, Martens CR. Vascular determinants of hippocampal viscoelastic properties in healthy adults across the lifespan. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1931-1941. [PMID: 37395479 PMCID: PMC10676145 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231186571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular pulsatility are non-traditional risk factors of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is a gap in understanding the earliest mechanisms that link these vascular determinants to brain aging. Changes to mechanical tissue properties of the hippocampus (HC), a brain structure essential for memory encoding, may reflect the impact of vascular dysfunction on brain aging. We tested the hypothesis that arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular pulsatility are related to HC tissue properties in healthy adults across the lifespan. Twenty-five adults underwent measurements of brachial blood pressure (BP), large elastic artery stiffness, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCAv PI), and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), a sensitive measure of HC viscoelasticity. Individuals with higher carotid pulse pressure (PP) exhibited lower HC stiffness (β = -0.39, r = -0.41, p = 0.05), independent of age and sex. Collectively, carotid PP and MCAv PI significantly explained a large portion of the total variance in HC stiffness (adjusted R2 = 0.41, p = 0.005) in the absence of associations with HC volumes. These cross-sectional findings suggest that the earliest reductions in HC tissue properties are associated with alterations in vascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faria Sanjana
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Peyton L Delgorio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Theodore M DeConne
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lucy V Hiscox
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ryan T Pohlig
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Curtis L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Christopher R Martens
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ellström K, Abul-Kasim K, Siennicki-Lantz A, Elmståhl S. Associations of carotid artery flow parameters with MRI markers of cerebral small vessel disease and patterns of brain atrophy. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106981. [PMID: 36657270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.106981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A growing body of evidence links age related brain pathologies to systemic vascular processes. We aimed to study the prevalence and interrelations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of cerebral small vessel disease and patterns of brain atrophy, and their association to carotid duplex ultrasound flow parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated a population based randomised cohort of older adults (n=391) aged 70-87, part of the Swedish Good Aging in Skåne Study. Peak systolic and end diastolic velocities of the carotid arteries were measured by ultrasound, and resistivity- and pulsatility indexes were calculated. Subjects with increased peak systolic velocity indicating carotid stenosis were excluded from analysis. Nine MRI findings were rated by visual scales: white matter changes, pontine white matter changes, microbleeds, lacunar infarctions, medial temporal lobe atrophy, global cortical atrophy, parietal atrophy, precuneus atrophy and central atrophy. RESULTS MRI pathologies were found in 80% of subjects. Mean end diastolic velocity in common carotid arteries was inversely associated with white matter hyperintensities (OR=0.92; p=0.004), parietal lobe atrophy (OR=0.94; p=0.039), global cortical atrophy (OR=0.90; p=0.013), precuneus atrophy (OR=0.94; p=0.022), "number of CSV pathologies" (β=-0.07; p<0.001) and "MRI-burden score" (β=-0.11; p<0.001), after adjustment for age and sex. The latter three were also associated with pulsatility and resistivity indexes. CONCLUSIONS Low carotid end diastolic velocity, as well as increased carotid resistivity and pulsatility, were associated with signs of cerebral small vessel disease and patterns of brain atrophy, indicating a vascular component in the process of brain aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Ellström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, pl13, Malmö SE 205 02, Sweden.
| | - Kasim Abul-Kasim
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Arkadiusz Siennicki-Lantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, pl13, Malmö SE 205 02, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, pl13, Malmö SE 205 02, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Burnier M. Editorial: Insights in hypertension: 2021. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1003939. [PMID: 36158809 PMCID: PMC9501882 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1003939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Burnier
- Service of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hypertension Research Foundation, St-Légier, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Michel Burnier
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qu F, Yang X, Yang J, Zhou Q, Yang X, Chen M, Xiong Y, Hu Y. Interaction between arteriosclerosis and the APOE4 gene in cognitive decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study in rural minority areas in western China. Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:243-251. [PMID: 35048467 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have confirmed that the apolipoprotein E4 allele (APOE4) gene and arteriosclerosis (AS) have a combined effect on the occurrence of cognitive function impairment, and dyslipidaemia levels are significantly correlated with APOE4 levels and AS. Few studies have focused on the combined effect of the APOE4 gene and AS on cognitive function. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of APOE4 gene and AS acting together on cognitive function through dyslipidaemia levels, which could provide certain scientific research value for future studies. METHODS A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate older adults aged 60 years and above in rural areas of Guizhou, China. The demographic sociological characteristics were collected, and laboratory tests, blood lipid measurements, and physical examinations were performed. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to determine cognitive function. Analysis of variance with two-factor factorial design was used to analyse the interaction between the APOE4 gene and AS on cognitive function and its domains. RESULTS A total of 549 elderly subjects were eligible for this study. The result of the factorial design analysis revealed there was a significant interaction between the APOE4 gene and AS in terms of attention and numeracy (F = 6.878, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS The combination of the APOE4 gene and AS leads to a decrease in the level of attention and numeracy domains, and certain attention should be focused on such populations in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qu
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xing Yang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Quanxiang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, China
| | - Xi Yang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingyan Chen
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Birch AA, El-Bouri WK, Marchbanks RJ, Moore LA, Campbell-Bell CM, Kipps CM, Bulters DO. Pulsatile tympanic membrane displacement is associated with cognitive score in healthy subjects. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 3:100132. [PMID: 36324393 PMCID: PMC9616339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2022.100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that pulsing of intracranial pressure has an association with cognition, we measured cognitive score and pulsing of the tympanic membrane in 290 healthy subjects. This hypothesis was formed on the assumptions that large intracranial pressure pulses impair cognitive performance and tympanic membrane pulses reflect intracranial pressure pulses. 290 healthy subjects, aged 20-80 years, completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test. Spontaneous tympanic membrane displacement during a heart cycle was measured from both ears in the sitting and supine position. We applied multiple linear regression, correcting for age, heart rate, and height, to test for an association between cognitive score and spontaneous tympanic membrane displacement. Significance was set at P < 0.0125 (Bonferroni correction.) A significant association was seen in the left supine position (p = 0.0076.) The association was not significant in the right ear supine (p = 0.28) or in either ear while sitting. Sub-domains of the cognitive assessment revealed that executive function, language and memory have been primarily responsible for this association. In conclusion, we have found that spontaneous pulses of the tympanic membrane are associated with cognitive performance and believe this reflects an association between cognitive performance and intracranial pressure pulses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony A. Birch
- Neurological Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Wahbi K. El-Bouri
- Neurological Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Robert J. Marchbanks
- Neurological Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Laura A. Moore
- Neurological Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Cherith M. Campbell-Bell
- Neurological Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher M. Kipps
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Diederik O. Bulters
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Q, Fang J, Cui C, Dong S, Gao L, Bao J, Li Y, Ma M, Chen N, He L. Association of Aortic Stiffness and Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:680205. [PMID: 34248605 PMCID: PMC8261283 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.680205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased aortic stiffness has been found to be associated with cognitive function decline, but the evidence is still under debate. It is of great significance to elucidate the evidence in this debate to help make primary prevention decisions to slow cognitive decline in our routine clinical practice. Methods: Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English from January 1, 1986, to March 16, 2020, that reported the association between aortic stiffness and cognitive function. Studies that reported the association between aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cognitive function, cognitive impairment, and dementia were included in the analysis. Results: Thirty-nine studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and 29 studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The aortic PWV was inversely associated with memory and processing speed in the cross-sectional analysis. In the longitudinal analysis, the high category of aortic PWV was 44% increased risk of cognitive impairment (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.24–1.85) compared with low PWV, and the risk of cognitive impairment increased 3.9% (OR 1.039; 95% CI 1.005–1.073) per 1 m/s increase in aortic PWV. Besides, meta-regression analysis showed that age significantly increased the association between high aortic PWV and cognitive impairment risk. Conclusion: Aortic stiffness measured by aortic PWV was inversely associated with memory and processing speed and could be an independent predictor for cognitive impairment, especially for older individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinghuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaohua Cui
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuju Dong
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Bao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Triantafyllou A, Ferreira JP, Kobayashi M, Micard E, Xie Y, Kearney-Schwartz A, Hossu G, Rossignol P, Bracard S, Benetos A. Longer Duration of Hypertension and MRI Microvascular Brain Alterations Are Associated with Lower Hippocampal Volumes in Older Individuals with Hypertension. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:227-235. [PMID: 32039844 PMCID: PMC7175941 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal atrophy is associated with cognitive decline. Determining the clinical features associated with hippocampal volume (HV)/atrophy may help in tailoring preventive strategies. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the association between HV (at visit 2) and vascular status (both at visit 1 and visit 2) in a cohort of individuals aged 60+ with hypertension and without overt cognitive impairment at visit 1 (visit 1 and visit 2 were separated by approximately 8 years). METHODS Hippocampal volume was estimated in brain MRIs as HV both clinically with the Scheltens' Medial Temporal Atrophy score, and automatically with the Free Surfer Software application. A detailed medical history, somatometric measurements, cognitive tests, leukoaraiosis severity (Fazekas score), vascular parameters including pulse wave velocity, central blood pressure, and carotid artery plaques, as well as several biochemical parameters were also measured. RESULTS 113 hypertensive patients, 47% male, aged 75.1±5.6 years, participated in both visit 1 and visit 2 of the ADELAHYDE study. Age (β= -0.30) and hypertension duration (β= -0.20) at visit 1 were independently associated with smaller HV at visit 2 (p < 0.05 for all). In addition to these variables, low body mass index (β= 0.18), high MRI Fazekas score (β= -0.20), and low Gröber-Buschke total recall (β= 0.27) were associated with smaller HV at visit 2 (p < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION In a cohort of older individuals without cognitive impairment at baseline, we described several factors associated with lower HV, of which hypertension duration can potentially be modified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areti Triantafyllou
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, CMRR Nancy-Lorraine CHU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM CIC-P 1433, CHRU de Nancy, INSERM U1116, and FCRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France.,Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Masatake Kobayashi
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM CIC-P 1433, CHRU de Nancy, INSERM U1116, and FCRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Emilien Micard
- CHRU-Nancy, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, Nancy, France
| | - Yu Xie
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Anna Kearney-Schwartz
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, CMRR Nancy-Lorraine CHU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Gabriela Hossu
- CHRU-Nancy, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM CIC-P 1433, CHRU de Nancy, INSERM U1116, and FCRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Serge Bracard
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, CHU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Athanase Benetos
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, CMRR Nancy-Lorraine CHU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,INSERM, U1116, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
García-Alberca JM, Mendoza S, Gris E, Royo JL, Cruz-Gamero JM, García-Casares N. White matter lesions and temporal atrophy are associated with cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with hypertension and Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 35:1292-1300. [PMID: 32584440 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An increasing evidence suggests hypertension (HTN) could be linked to cognitive impairment and incident Alzheimer's disease (AD). The precise mechanisms linking HTN and AD are not well-known. The aim of this study was to assess the putative association between HTN and AD. METHODS We assessed in patients with AD associations between HTN and demographic and clinical data, vascular risk factors, treatments, APOE genotypes, brain white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and medial temporal atrophy (MTA) in multivariate analysis of covariance. RESULTS We studied 92 patients with AD (mean ± SD age: 72.12 ± 6.91; women: 66.30%). Patients with HTN had significantly worse cognitive and functional status and higher frequency and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms (P = .010). Magnetic resonance imaging analyzes showed significant increases in WMH (P = .018) and in MTA (P = .012) in patients with AD with HTN compared with those without HTN. CONCLUSIONS Neuroimaging burden (MTA and higher degree of severity of WMH) among patients with AD and HTN are associated with the impaired cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Mendoza
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther Gris
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Luis Royo
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cruz-Gamero
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Casares
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Research Medical Center of Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Badji A, Sabra D, Bherer L, Cohen-Adad J, Girouard H, Gauthier CJ. Arterial stiffness and brain integrity: A review of MRI findings. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 53:100907. [PMID: 31063866 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing incidence of vascular diseases and dementia, a better understanding of the cerebrovascular changes induced by arterial stiffness is important for early identification of white and gray matter abnormalities that might antedate the appearance of clinical cognitive symptoms. Here, we review the evidence from neuroimaging demonstrating the impact of arterial stiffness on the aging brain. METHOD This review presents findings from recent studies examining the association between arterial stiffness, cognitive function, cerebral hypoperfusion, and markers of neuronal fiber integrity using a variety of MRI techniques. RESULTS Overall, changes associated with arterial stiffness indicates that the corpus callosum, the internal capsule and the corona radiata may be the most vulnerable regions to microvascular damage. In addition, the microstructural integrity of these regions appears to be associated with cognitive performance. Changes in gray matter structure have also been found to be associated with arterial stiffness and are present as early as the 5th decade. Moreover, low cerebral perfusion has been associated with arterial stiffness as well as lower cognitive performance in age-sensitive tasks such as executive function. CONCLUSION Considering the established relationship between arterial stiffness, brain and cognition, this review highlights the need for future studies of brain structure and function in aging to implement measurements of arterial stiffness in parallel with quantitative imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atef Badji
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Neuroimaging Functional Unit (UNF), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dalia Sabra
- Neuroimaging Functional Unit (UNF), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Neuroimaging Functional Unit (UNF), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Neuroimaging Functional Unit (UNF), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Neuroimaging Functional Unit (UNF), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Physics Department, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada; PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li N, Ma R, Wang S, Zhao Y, Wang P, Yang Z, Jin L, Zhang P, Ding H, Bai F, Yu J. The potential role of testosterone in hypertension and target organ damage in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:743-752. [PMID: 31118595 PMCID: PMC6501555 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s195498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to confirm the potential role of testosterone in hypertension and target organ damage (TOD) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: A matched group study was conducted. One hundred sixty-one hypertensive postmenopausal women between 45 and 65 years of age were enrolled as group 1. Another 161 age-matched hypertensive men were enrolled as group 2. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiographic imaging, vascular function, sex hormones and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Quantitative data were analyzed using independent Student’s t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean and load level of blood pressure were lower in women than in men (P<0.05), except for the mean level and load of the nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) (123.77±15.72 mmHg vs 126.35±15.64 mmHg, and 50.43±30.31% vs 55.35±28.51%, P>0.05). However, the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) in women was higher than that in men (9.68±2.23 m/s vs 8.03±2.82 m/s, P<0.05). The ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/Em) was obviously impaired (13.06±3.53 vs 12.05±3.68, P<0.05) in women. Furthermore, in women, a positive correlation was found between testosterone and cf-PWV (γ=0.157, P=0.046), and Cf-PWV was positively related to the mean level of nighttime SBP (γ=0.210, P=0.008). Moreover, nocturnal SBP was a risk factor for E/Em (γ=0.156, P=0.048, P<0.05). Conclusion: Testosterone may play a role in the correlation between hypertension and TOD in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Clinical Trial number: This research study was registered under the ClinicalTrials.gov PRS Website (NCT03451747).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningyin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixin Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhitao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rouch L, Cestac P, Sallerin B, Andrieu S, Bailly H, Beunardeau M, Cohen A, Dubail D, Hernandorena I, Seux ML, Vidal JS, Hanon O. Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated With Greater Risk of Dementia in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients. Hypertension 2018; 72:1109-1116. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Rouch
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Philippe Cestac
- Unité INSERM 1027, Toulouse, France (P.C., S.A.)
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, France (P.C., B.S., S.A.)
- Pôle Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France (P.C., B.S.)
| | - Brigitte Sallerin
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, France (P.C., B.S., S.A.)
- Pôle Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France (P.C., B.S.)
- Unité INSERM 1048, Toulouse, France (B.S.)
| | - Sandrine Andrieu
- Unité INSERM 1027, Toulouse, France (P.C., S.A.)
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, France (P.C., B.S., S.A.)
- Unité INSERM 1048, Toulouse, France (B.S.)
- Pôle Epidémiologie et Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France (S.A.)
| | - Henri Bailly
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Maëlle Beunardeau
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Adrien Cohen
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Delphine Dubail
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Intza Hernandorena
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Marie-Laure Seux
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Vidal
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| | - Olivier Hanon
- From the EA 4468, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (L.R., H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
- Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, France (H.B., M.B., A.C., D.D., I.H., M.-L.S., J.-S.V., O.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Examining the relationship between nutrition and cerebral structural integrity in older adults without dementia. Nutr Res Rev 2018; 32:79-98. [PMID: 30378509 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422418000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of adults aged 60 years and over is expected to increase over the coming decades. This ageing of the population represents an important health issue, given that marked reductions to cerebral macro- and microstructural integrity are apparent with increasing age. Reduced cerebral structural integrity in older adults appears to predict poorer cognitive performance, even in the absence of clinical disorders such as dementia. As such, it is becoming increasingly important to identify those factors predicting cerebral structural integrity, especially factors that are modifiable. One such factor is nutritional intake. While the literature is limited, data from available cross-sectional studies indicate that increased intake of nutrients such as B vitamins (for example, B6, B12 and folate), choline, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin D, or increased adherence to prudent whole diets (for example, the Mediterranean diet) predicts greater cerebral structural integrity in older adults. There is even greater scarcity of randomised clinical trials investigating the effects of nutritional supplementation on cerebral structure, though it appears that supplementation with B vitamins (B6, B12 and folic acid) or n-3 fatty acids (DHA or EPA) may be beneficial. The current review presents an overview of available research examining the relationship between key nutrients or adherence to select diets and cerebral structural integrity in dementia-free older adults.
Collapse
|
13
|
Nagai M, Dote K, Kato M, Sasaki S, Oda N, Kagawa E, Nakano Y, Yamane A, Higashihara T, Miyauchi S, Tsuchiya A. Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Alzheimer's Disease: Links and Risks. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:515-526. [PMID: 28598842 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
While hypertension has been shown to be a risk factor for vascular dementia, several studies have also demonstrated that hypertension also increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the relationship between visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (VVV) and cognitive impairment, including AD, have been provided, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. This review paper focuses on the relationship of VVV with AD and summarizes the pathophysiology underlying that relationship, which appears to be mediated by arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Nagai
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keigo Dote
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaya Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shota Sasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Oda
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kagawa
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Yamane
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Shunsuke Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akane Tsuchiya
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reddan JM, White DJ, Macpherson H, Scholey A, Pipingas A. Glycerophospholipid Supplementation as a Potential Intervention for Supporting Cerebral Structure in Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:49. [PMID: 29563868 PMCID: PMC5845902 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifying nutritional intake through supplementation may be efficacious for altering the trajectory of cerebral structural decline evident with increasing age. To date, there have been a number of clinical trials in older adults whereby chronic supplementation with B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, or resveratrol, has been observed to either slow the rate of decline or repair cerebral tissue. There is also some evidence from animal studies indicating that supplementation with glycerophospholipids (GPL) may benefit cerebral structure, though these effects have not yet been investigated in adult humans. Despite this paucity of research, there are a number of factors predicting poorer cerebral structure in older humans, which GPL supplementation appears to beneficially modify or protect against. These include elevated concentrations of homocysteine, unbalanced activity of reactive oxygen species both increasing the risk of oxidative stress, increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory messengers, as well as poorer cardio- and cerebrovascular function. As such, it is hypothesized that GPL supplementation will support cerebral structure in older adults. These cerebral effects may influence cognitive function. The current review aims to provide a theoretical basis for future clinical trials investigating the effects of GPL supplementation on cerebral structural integrity in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery M Reddan
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David J White
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Macpherson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li X, Lyu P, Ren Y, An J, Dong Y. Arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:1-10. [PMID: 28870545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness is one of the earliest indicators of changes in vascular wall structure and function and may be assessed using various indicators, such as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), the ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse pressure (PP), the augmentation index (AI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness index-β. Arterial stiffness is generally considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To date, a significant number of studies have focused on the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To investigate the relationships between specific arterial stiffness parameters and cognitive impairment, elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment and determine how to interfere with arterial stiffness to prevent cognitive impairment, we searched PUBMED for studies regarding the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment that were published from 2000 to 2017. We used the following key words in our search: "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment" and "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment mechanism". Studies involving human subjects older than 30years were included in the review, while irrelevant studies (i.e., studies involving subjects with comorbid kidney disease, diabetes and cardiac disease) were excluded from the review. RESULTS We determined that arterial stiffness severity was positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Of the markers used to assess arterial stiffness, a higher PWV, CAVI, AI, IMT and index-β and a lower ABI and FMD were related to cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between PP and cognitive impairment remained controversial. The potential mechanisms linking arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may be associated with arterial pulsatility, as greater arterial pulsatility damages the cerebral microcirculation, which causes various phenomena associated with cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs), such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and lacunar infarctions (LIs). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may also be associated with reductions in white matter and gray matter integrity, medial temporal lobe atrophy and Aβ protein deposition. Engaging in more frequent physical exercise; increasing flavonoid and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption; increasing tea, nitrite, dietary calcium and vitamin D intake; losing weight and taking medications intended to improve insulin sensitivity; quitting smoking; and using antihypertensive drugs and statins are early interventions and lifestyle changes that may be effective in preventing arterial stiffness and thus preventing cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Arterial stiffness is a sensitive predictor of cognitive impairment, and arterial stiffness severity has the potential to serve as an indicator used to facilitate treatments designed to prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia in elderly individuals. Early treatment of arterial stiffness is beneficial and recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peiyuan Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Yanyan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jin An
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Does medial temporal lobe thickness mediate the association between risk factor burden and memory performance in middle-aged or older adults with metabolic syndrome? Neurosci Lett 2016; 636:225-232. [PMID: 27717834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities that together may increase the risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia; however, the neural substrate is incompletely understood. We investigated cortical thickness in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), hippocampal volume, as well as relationships among metabolic risk factor burden, structure and memory performance. Path-analytic models were tested to explore the relations between MetS risk factor, structure and memory performance. Participants were 65 non-demented, middle-aged and older adults, 34 with and 31 without metabolic syndrome. We analyzed archival T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired at 3T and Total Recall and Delayed Recall scores from the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMT-R). Middle-aged adults with MetS showed less MTL thickness, particularly in entorhinal cortex; while older adults showed a trend for left hippocampal volume loss. Lower MTL thickness, particularly in entorhinal cortex, was associated with greater metabolic risk factor burden in middle-aged adults. In older adults, hippocampal volume was associated with Total Recall and Delayed Recall, while in middle-age entorhinal cortical thickness mediated the association between metabolic disease burden and episodic memory function. The differential findings in middle-aged and older adults with MetS contribute to an understanding of the relationships between metabolic syndrome, structural changes in the brain and increased risk for cognitive decline.
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- From the Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- From the Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL.
| |
Collapse
|