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Kelagere Y, Scholand KK, DeJong EN, Boyd AI, Yu Z, Astley RA, Callegan MC, Bowdish DM, Makarenkova HP, de Paiva CS. TNF is a critical cytokine in age-related dry eye disease. Ocul Surf 2023; 30:119-128. [PMID: 37634571 PMCID: PMC10812879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process that is characterized by low-grade inflammation, called inflammaging. Aging affects multiple organs including eye and lacrimal gland. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that participates in inflammation, activation of proteases such as cathepsin S, and formation of ectopic lymphoid organs. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we investigated the role of TNF in age-related dry eye disease, emphasizing the ocular surface and lacrimal gland inflammation. Our results show the increased protein and mRNA levels of TNF in aged lacrimal glands, accompanied by increased TNF, IL1β, IL-18, CCL5, CXCL1, IL-2, IL-2 receptor alpha (CD25), IFN-γ, IL-12p40, IL-17, and IL-10 proteins in tears of aged mice. Moreover, genetic loss of the Tnf-/- in mice decreased goblet cell loss and the development of ectopic lymphoid structures in the lacrimal gland compared to wild-type mice. This was accompanied by a decrease in cytokine production. Treatment of mice at an early stage of aging (12-14-month-old) with TNF inhibitor tanfanercept eye drops for eight consecutive weeks decreased cytokine levels in tears, improved goblet cell density, and decreased the marginal zone B cell frequency in the lacrimal gland compared to vehicle-treated animals. Our studies indicate that modulation of TNF during aging could be a novel strategy for age-related dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashaswini Kelagere
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kaitlin K Scholand
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Biochemistry and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Erica N DeJong
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Andrea I Boyd
- Graduate Program in Immunology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, USA.
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Roger A Astley
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Michelle C Callegan
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Dawn Me Bowdish
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Helen P Makarenkova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Biochemistry and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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Jiang B, Hu Q, Li T, She M, Li C, Zhou X. Relationship between dry eye and expressions of CXCR3 and CCR5 after ocular acid burn. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:489. [PMID: 36522768 PMCID: PMC9753282 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the manifestation of dry eye and its relationship with CXCR3 and CCR5 expression in patients with ocular acid burns. METHODS This is a case-control study. A total of 27 eyes of 22 cases ocular with acid burns of I-V degrees from Jan.2020 to Feb.2021 in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University were selected as observation group, and 8 eyes of 8 cases of normal people were selected as control group. The follow-up period was 3 months. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal fluorescein staining scores (CFS), breakup time of tear film (BUT), Schirmer I test, corneal thickness and tear meniscus height (TMH) were observed at 1 day, 1 and 3 months after injury. The protein expressions of CXCR3 and CCR5 were examined by ELISA and compared among groups at each time point. RESULTS BUT and Schirmer I tests value in the observation group were lower than those in the control group 3 months after injury (BUT: Group I ~ IV p = 0.0266, p = 0.0222, p = 0.0003, p = 0.0059, respectively; Schirmer I test: Group I ~ IV p = 0.0027, p = 0.0033, p = 0.0016, p = 0.0032, respectively). CFS scores were higher than those in the control group at 1 day after injury (all p < 0.0001), but decreased gradually at 1 and 3 months after injury (Group I ~ IV p = 0.0042, p = 0.0096, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively). The corneal thickness and TMH 1 day after injury were higher than those in the control group (corneal thickness: Group II ~ IV p = 0.0010, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively; TMH: Group II ~ IV p = 0.0002, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively), and also higher than those at 1 month and 3 months after injury (corneal thickness: Group II ~ IV p = 0.0010, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively; TMH: Group II ~ IV p = 0.0345 and p = 0.0045, p = 0.0005 and p < 0.0001, p = 0.0114 and p = 0.0019, respectively). The expression levels of CXCR3 and CCR5 protein were significantly negatively correlated with BUT (all p < 0.0001), and CXCR3 and CCR5 were also significantly negatively correlated with Schirmer I test value (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0004, respectively). CONCLUSION Ocular acid burns can cause dry eye, and the expression of CXCR3 and CCR5 protein in tears may be related to the occurrence of dry eye after ocular acid burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Hu
- grid.413597.d0000 0004 1757 8802Department of Ophthalmology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man She
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kim M, Kim SY, Jeon JW, Lee HK. Impact of Lacrimal Gland Extraction on the Contralateral Eye in an Animal Model for Dry Eye Disease. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 36:318-325. [PMID: 35766050 PMCID: PMC9388895 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2022.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although there is still no consensus on the best animal model for dry eye disease research, a model based on lacrimal gland extraction (LGE) model is widely used. In this study, we aimed to investigate the histopathological changes taking place on the contralateral eye after unilateral LGE to determine whether it is useful as a control. Methods Seven-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into naive control, environmental chamber model, and LGE groups. Corneal fluorescein staining was scored to quantify the severity of damage. Morphological changes in the cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland (LG) were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and compared to those on naive control animals. Results Compared to naive subjects, the unilateral LGE model showed enhanced corneal erosion scores and loss of conjunctival goblet cells, not only on the ipsilateral but also on the contralateral side. These changes in the ocular surface became more pronounced in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, loss of LG acinar cells and leukocyte infiltration were detected in the contralateral LGs of the LGE model. Conclusions Considering the changes observed in the ocular surface and LGs, the contralateral side of the LGE model may not offer proper control conditions for the experimental comparison of the effects of dry eye disease in vivo. There may be regulatory feedback or crosstalk system between both eyes activated in response to LGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minha Kim
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Jeon
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Vargas JFDC, Skare T, Gehlen ML, Moreira ATR. Subconjunctival adalimumab for treatment of dry eye disease in Sjögren’s syndrome. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.37039/1982.8551.20220003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Utine CA, Birlik M, Özizmirliler D, Karakaş A, Akbulut B, Durak I. TNF-α Inhibitors for the Management of Intractable Corneal Melt: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47:372-377. [PMID: 33399412 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report three consecutive cases with noninfectious corneal melting, whose disease progression could only be halted with tumor necrosis-α (TNF-α) inhibitor infusion, with a review of the relevant literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis, severe alkaline burn, and Sjögren syndrome had experienced severe corneal melting following penetrating keratoplasty, Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis implantation or spontaneously, respectively. Topical autologous serum eye-drops, medroxyprogesterone, and acetylcysteine formulations; frequent nonpreserved lubrication; systemic tetracyclines and vitamin-C supplements; topical and systemic steroids and steroid-sparing agents; surgical approaches including amniotic membrane transplantation, tectonic graft surgery; and tarsorraphy failed to alter the disease courses. RESULTS Upon consultation with the rheumatology clinic, TNF-α inhibitor infliximab (Remicade; Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc, Horsham, PA) 5 mg/kg infusion was planned for each patient. After 0-, 2-, and 6-week doses, monthly infusion at the same dose was maintained for 12 months because of severe and intractable course of their diseases. Each case showed dramatic improvements in corneal melts; and sterile vitritis in the eye with Boston keratoprosthesis responded, as well. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting TNF-α-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinases responsible for collagen breakdown should be considered in refractory cases, as a means of globe salvage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Asli Utine
- Department of Ophthalmology (C.A.U., D.Ö., B.A., I.D.), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey ; Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (C.A.U.), Izmir, Turkey ; and Department of Rheumatology (M.B., A.K.), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Zhang R, Pandzic E, Park M, Wakefield D, Di Girolamo N. Inducing dry eye disease using a custom engineered desiccation system: Impact on the ocular surface including keratin-14-positive limbal epithelial stem cells. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:145-159. [PMID: 33930539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by loss of tear film stability that becomes self-sustaining in a vicious cycle of pathophysiological events. Currently, desiccation stress (DS) is the dominant procedure for inducing DED in mice, however its' effect on limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) has been overlooked. This study aimed to establish a DS model via the use of a novel hardware to investigate the impact on the ocular surface including LESCs. METHODS A mouse transporter unit was customized to generate a dehumidified environment. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to mild DS and injected with scopolamine hydrobromide (SH) or remained untreated (UT) under standard vivarium conditions for 10 consecutive days (n = 28/group). Clinical assessments included phenol red tear-thread test, fluorescein staining and optical coherence tomography assessments. Histopathological and immunofluorescence was used to evaluate tissue architecture, goblet cell (GC) status, lacrimal gland (LG) inflammation and epithelial phenotype on the ocular surface. Whole flat-mounted corneas were immunostained for keratin-14 (K14), then imaged by confocal microscopy and analyzed computationally to investigate the effect of DS on LESCs. RESULTS Custom modifications made to the animal transporter unit resulted in dehumidified cage relative humidity (RH) of 43.5 ± 4.79% compared to the vivarium 53.9 ± 1.8% (p = 0.0243). Under these conditions, aqueous tear production in mice was suppressed whilst corneal permeability and corneal irregularity significantly increased. H&E staining indicated stressed corneal basal epithelial cells and increased desquamation. DS-exposed mice had reduced GC density (41.0 ± 5.10 GC/mm vs 46.9 ± 3.88 GC/mm, p = 0.0482) and LGs from these mice exhibited elevated CD4+ cell infiltration compared to controls. DS elicited K14+ epithelial cell displacement, as indicated by increased fluorescence signal at a distance of 50-100 μm radially inwards from the limbus [0.63 ± 0.053% (DS) vs 0.54 ± 0.060% (UT), p = 0.0317]. CONCLUSIONS Application of mild DS using customized hardware and SH injections generated features of DED in mice. Following DS, ocular surface epithelial cell health decreased and LESCs appeared stressed. This suggested that potential downstream effects of DS on corneal homeostasis are present, a phenomenon that is currently under-investigated. The method used to induce DED in this study enables the development of a chronic model which more closely resembles disease seen in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Zhang
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mijeong Park
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Denis Wakefield
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nick Di Girolamo
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Lee JD, Kim HY, Park JJ, Oh SB, Goo H, Cho KJ, Kim S, Kim KB. Metabolomics approach to biomarkers of dry eye disease using 1H-NMR in rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:313-330. [PMID: 33393448 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1867274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic and progressive lesion on the ocular surface and induces symptoms, such as burning sensation, itchy eyes, heavy eyes, tired eyes, dry feeling, facial flushing, and blurred vision. The present study was performed to develop DED biomarkers using metabolomics in a rat model. DED was induced by injecting scopolamine and exposing rats to a dry condition. Scopolamine (12 mg/kg/day for 7 days) was subcutaneously injected to male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were placed in dry condition with air-flow and dehumidifier. Tear volume and tear breakup time (TBUT) were measured, and eyes were examined through fluorescein staining to assess DED. Mucosal damage and immune reactions were also determined. Plasma and urinary endogenous metabolites were determined using 1H-NMR analysis. Compared with control tear and TBUT levels were significantly decreased in the DED group whereas corneal damage was significantly increased. The levels of interleukins (IL-6) and IL-1β significantly elevated in the cornea and lacrimal glands in the DED group. TNF-α was numerically increased but not significantly different between groups. Pattern recognition using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) of the NMR spectra in global profiling revealed different clusters between DED and control groups. Target profiling demonstrated that PCA and OPLS-DA score plots were separated between DED and controls in plasma and urine. Subsequently, 9 plasma metabolites were selected to examine different clustering between groups, and 26 urinary metabolites were also selected. Plasma metabolites showed a non-significant rising tendency in the DED group. Urinary phenylalanine, phenylacetate, pantothenate, glycine, succinate, methanol, valine, propylene glycol, histidine, threonine, lactate, and acetate were significantly different between control and DED rats. These results may contribute to understanding the metabolic regulation that is involved in DED and might be useful for potential biomarkers related to DED in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Dae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bean Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Goo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Jin Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Wang C, Schaefer L, Bian F, Yu Z, Pflugfelder SC, Britton RA, de Paiva CS. Dysbiosis Modulates Ocular Surface Inflammatory Response to Liposaccharide. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4224-4233. [PMID: 31618426 PMCID: PMC6795342 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the inflammatory response of cornea and conjunctiva to topically applied lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice with and without antibiotic (antibiotic cocktail, ABX) induced dysbiosis. Methods Dysbiosis was induced by oral antibiotics for 14 days in a group of conventional female C57BL/6J (B6) mice. 16S rRNA sequencing investigated microbiome composition. Intestinal microbiome differences were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal pellet DNA. Blood was collected after euthanasia. CD86 expression in draining nodes was examined by flow cytometry. At day 15, a single dose of LPS or vehicle was topically applied to ABX and naïve mice. Corneal epithelium and conjunctiva were obtained after 4 hours and processed for gene expression analysis. A separate group of germ-free (GF) B6 mice was also topically challenged with LPS. Results Antibiotic treatment significantly decreased intestinal diversity and increased serum levels of LPS. This was accompanied by a significant increase in CD86+MHC II+CD11c+CD11b+ cells in draining nodes. Compared to vehicle, topically applied LPS increased IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL10 mRNA transcripts in cornea and IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL10 in the conjunctiva in conventional and antibiotic-treated groups. However, there was higher TNF-α, CXCL10, and IL-12 expression in the cornea of LPS-treated ABX mice compared to LPS-treated mice with intact microbiota. LPS stimulation on GF conjunctiva mirrored the results in ABX mice, although greater IL-12 and IFN-γ expression was observed in GF conjunctiva compared to conventional LPS-treated mice. Conclusions Acute depletion of commensals through antibiotics or germ-free environment worsens the inflammatory response to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Wang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China.,Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Laura Schaefer
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Fang Bian
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Robert A Britton
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
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Usuba FS, Saad CGS, Aikawa NE, Novaes P, Moraes JCB, Santo RM, Carvalho JF, Bonfá E, Alves MR. Improvement of conjunctival cytological grade and tear production in Ankylosing Spondylitis patients under TNF inhibitors: a long-term follow-up. Sci Rep 2020; 10:334. [PMID: 31942038 PMCID: PMC6962203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease can compromise the patient’s quality of life. Few studies assessed the ocular surface (OS) in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and cytological findings of the OS in patients with AS, classify dry eye disease (DED) severity grade and conjunctival impression cytology (IC), and the effects of TNF inhibitors (TNFi) in a one-year follow-up. A baseline (BL) evaluation included 36 AS patients and 39 healthy controls. They fulfilled the Ocular Surface Index Disease questionnaire and underwent the Schirmer I test, break-up time, vital staining, and conjunctival IC. A DED severity grade, as well as IC rating, was applied. Fourteen of these patients received TNFi and analysis of ocular and systemic AS disease parameters occurred at BL and three months (3 M), and 12 months (12 M) after treatment. The AS patients presented a higher frequency of DED (p = 0.01), a worse score of severity (p = 0.001), and a higher frequency of altered IC (p = 0.007) when compared to controls. The 14 patients under TNFi presented an improvement in all the clinical disease activity parameters throughout the one-year treatment (p < 0.05) even as a concomitant increase in the Schirmer test (p = 0.04), and a significant amelioration in the altered IC to a normal IC (p = 0.006). DED is a frequent and under-diagnosed ocular disease in AS patients. The long-term parallel improvement of disease activity and OS parameters in AS patients receiving TNFi suggests that the OS can be an additional target of systemic inflammation in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fany Solange Usuba
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carla Gonçalves Schahin Saad
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadia Emi Aikawa
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Novaes
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Bertacini Moraes
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruth Miyuki Santo
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jozelio Freire Carvalho
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Bonfá
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton Ruiz Alves
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alam J, de Paiva CS, Pflugfelder SC. Immune - Goblet cell interaction in the conjunctiva. Ocul Surf 2020; 18:326-334. [PMID: 31953222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The conjunctiva is a goblet cell rich mucosal tissue. Goblet cells are supported by tear growth factors and IL-13 produced by resident immune cells. Goblet cell secretions are essential for maintaining tear stability and ocular surface homeostasis. In addition to producing tear stabilizing mucins, they also produce cytokines and retinoic acid that condition monocyte-derived phagocytic cells in the conjunctiva. Aqueous tear deficiency from lacrimal gland disease and systemic inflammatory conditions results in goblet cell loss that amplifies dry eye severity. Reduced goblet cell density is correlated with more severe conjunctival disease, increased IFN-γ expression and antigen presenting cell maturation. Sterile Alpha Motif (SAM) pointed domain epithelial specific transcription factor (Spdef) gene deficient mice that lack goblet cells have increased infiltration of monocytes and dendritic cells with greater IL-12 expression in the conjunctiva. Similar findings were observed in the conjunctiva of aged mice. Reduced retinoic acid receptor (RXRα) signaling also increases conjunctival monocyte infiltration, IFN-γ expression and goblet cell loss. Evidence suggests that dry eye therapies that suppress IFN-γ expression preserve conjunctival goblet cell number and function and should be considered in aqueous deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Alam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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The Management of Acute Anterior Uveitis Complicating Spondyloarthritis: Present and Future. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9460187. [PMID: 30406148 PMCID: PMC6204187 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9460187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) encompass a group of chronic inflammatory diseases sharing common genetic and clinical features, including the association with HLA-B27 antigen, the involvement of both the axial and the peripheral skeleton, the presence of dactylitis, enthesitis, and typical extra-articular manifestations such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and acute anterior uveitis (AAU). The latter is commonly reported as a noninfectious acute inflammation of the anterior uveal tract and its adjacent structures. AAU may affect more than 20% of SpA patients representing the most common extra-articular manifestation of the disease. Considering the potential consequences of untreated AAU, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial to avoid complications of remittent or chronic eye inflammation, such as visual loss and blindness. The management of SpA has dramatically improved over the last decades due to the development of new treat-to-target strategies and to the introduction of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFis), currently used for the treatment of nonresponder patients to conventional synthetic agents. Along with the improvement of musculoskeletal features of SpA, bDMARDs provided an additional effect also in the management of AAU in those patients who are failures to topical and systemic conventional therapies. Nowadays, five TNFis, one interleukin-17, and one interleukin 12/23 blocker are licensed for the treatment of SpA, with different proven efficacy in preventing and treating ocular involvement. The aim of this review is to summarize the current options and to analyze the future perspectives for the management of SpA-associated AAU.
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Lee HB, Choi HJ, Cho SM, Kang S, Ahn HK, Song YJ, Kim YJ, Son WC. Efficacy of HL036 versus Cyclosporine A in the Treatment of Naturally Occurring Canine Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:889-895. [PMID: 29634381 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1461909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES To (i) evaluate the efficacy and safety of HL036, a tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-α-blocking protein, in the treatment of naturally occurring canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and (ii) compare these features with those of 1% cyclosporine A (CsA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Dogs (n = 29) diagnosed with KCS were randomly assigned to receive one drop topical aqueous HL036 (0.2, 1, or 5 mg/mL) or 1% CsA in the affected eye(s) at 12-h intervals for 42 days. Schirmer's tear test (STT), fluorescein corneal staining (FCS), and clinical-sign scores were evaluated prior to application (day-0) and on days 14, 28, and 42 post-treatment. Of the 29 dogs enrolled, 19 (65.5%) received HL036 (HL036 group) and 10 (34.5%) received 1% CsA (CsA group). A linear mixed-effects model analysis was performed to determine score differences between groups and over time. RESULTS After treatment, clinical-sign scores and STT values had significantly improved compared with baseline levels in dogs of both treatment groups. Decreases in total clinical-sign scores for the HL036-group were greater than those of 1% CsA group. No severe adverse reactions were noted in either group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that topical aqueous HL036 is well-tolerated and more effective than 1% CsA for treating naturally occurring canine KCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Byul Lee
- a Asan Medical Center , Asan Institute for Life Sciences , Seoul , Korea.,b Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Choi
- a Asan Medical Center , Asan Institute for Life Sciences , Seoul , Korea.,b Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea
| | - Sung-Min Cho
- a Asan Medical Center , Asan Institute for Life Sciences , Seoul , Korea.,b Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea
| | - Suzie Kang
- b Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyea Kyung Ahn
- c Biopharmaceutical Research Center , Hanall Biopharma Co., Ltd ., Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Song
- c Biopharmaceutical Research Center , Hanall Biopharma Co., Ltd ., Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- c Biopharmaceutical Research Center , Hanall Biopharma Co., Ltd ., Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- a Asan Medical Center , Asan Institute for Life Sciences , Seoul , Korea.,b Department of Pathology , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea
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Rhee MK, Mah FS. Inflammation in Dry Eye Disease: How Do We Break the Cycle? Ophthalmology 2017; 124:S14-S19. [PMID: 29055357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the literature and summarizes the role of inflammation in dry eye disease. A PubMed search was performed using the keywords inflammatory cycle and dry eye. All searches were limited to articles published in or translated into the English language, dating from 1973 through March 2017. There were no restrictions on the study design. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of dry eye disease has revealed that inflammation is a core driver: the so-called "vicious circle" of inflammation. Researchers continue to analyze the precise mechanisms by which inflammation occurs. This has led to therapeutic options to break the cycle. Continued animal and human studies reveal other potential sites for treatment in this complex host of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Rhee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Francis S Mah
- Departments of Cornea and External Diseases, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California
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Jones L, Downie LE, Korb D, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, Dana R, Deng SX, Dong PN, Geerling G, Hida RY, Liu Y, Seo KY, Tauber J, Wakamatsu TH, Xu J, Wolffsohn JS, Craig JP. TFOS DEWS II Management and Therapy Report. Ocul Surf 2017; 15:575-628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhou C, Robert MC, Kapoulea V, Lei F, Stagner AM, Jakobiec FA, Dohlman CH, Paschalis EI. Sustained Subconjunctival Delivery of Infliximab Protects the Cornea and Retina Following Alkali Burn to the Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:96-105. [PMID: 28114570 PMCID: PMC5231904 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is upregulated in eyes following corneal alkali injury and contributes to corneal and also retinal damage. Prompt TNF-α inhibition by systemic infliximab ameliorates retinal damage and improves corneal wound healing. However, systemic administration of TNF-α inhibitors carries risk of significant complications, whereas topical eye-drop delivery is hindered by poor ocular bioavailability and the need for patient adherence. This study investigates the efficacy of subconjunctival delivery of TNF-α antibodies using a polymer-based drug delivery system (DDS). Methods The drug delivery system was prepared using porous polydimethylsiloxane/polyvinyl alcohol composite fabrication and loaded with 85 μg of infliximab. Six Dutch-belted pigmented rabbits received ocular alkali burn with NaOH. Immediately after the burn, subconjunctival implantation of anti-TNF-α DDS was performed in three rabbits while another three received sham DDS (without antibody). Rabbits were followed with photography for 3 months. Results After 3 months, the device was found to be well tolerated by the host and the eyes exhibited less corneal damage as compared to eyes implanted with a sham DDS without drug. The low dose treatment suppressed CD45 and TNF-α expression in the burned cornea and inhibited retinal ganglion cell apoptosis and optic nerve degeneration, as compared to the sham DDS treated eyes. Immunolocalization revealed drug penetration in the conjunctiva, cornea, iris, and choroid, with residual infliximab in the DDS 3 months after implantation. Conclusions This reduced-risk biologic DDS improves corneal wound healing and provides retinal neuroprotection, and may be applicable not only to alkali burns but also to other inflammatory surgical procedures such as penetrating keratoplasty and keratoprosthesis implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Zhou
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Marie-Claude Robert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 4Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Hospital Notre-Dame, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vassiliki Kapoulea
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Fengyang Lei
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Anna M Stagner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 5David G. Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Frederick A Jakobiec
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 5David G. Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Eleftherios I Paschalis
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 6Disruptive Technology Laboratory (D.T.L.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ghasemi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Robert MC, Črnej A, Shen LQ, Papaliodis GN, Dana R, Foster CS, Chodosh J, Dohlman CH. Infliximab after Boston Keratoprosthesis in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: An Update. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2016; 25:413-417. [PMID: 27015032 DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2016.1145237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report our experience using intravenous infliximab for the treatment of tissue melt after Boston keratoprosthesis (B-KPro) types I and II in patients with autoimmune disease. METHODS Case series. RESULTS We identified four patients who were treated with intravenous infliximab in the context of tissue melt after B-KPro. Stevens-Johnson syndrome-associated corneal blindness was the primary surgical indication for B-KPro implantation in all patients. Two patients received a B-KPro type I and two patients received a B-KPro type II. The patients received intravenous infliximab for skin retraction around B-KPro type II, melting of the carrier graft or leak. Treatment resulted in a dramatic decrease in inflammation and, in some cases, arrest of the melting process. Cost and patient adherence were limiting factors to pursuing infliximab therapy. In addition, one patient developed infusion reactions. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous infliximab may be considered as globe- and sight-saving therapy for tissue melt after B-KPro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Robert
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Alja Črnej
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Lucy Q Shen
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - George N Papaliodis
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Reza Dana
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - C Stephen Foster
- b Massachusetts Eye Research & Surgery Institute , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA
| | - James Chodosh
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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Robert MC, Frenette M, Zhou C, Yan Y, Chodosh J, Jakobiec FA, Stagner AM, Vavvas D, Dohlman CH, Paschalis EI. A Drug Delivery System for Administration of Anti-TNF-α Antibody. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2016; 5:11. [PMID: 26981333 PMCID: PMC4790433 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.5.2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the fabrication, evaluation, and preliminary in vivo safety of a new drug delivery system (DDS) for topical anti-TNF-α antibody administration. METHODS A DDS was fabricated using inverse template fabrication of a hydrophobic three-dimensional porous scaffold (100-300 μm in diameter porosity) loaded with 10% polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel carrying 5 mg/ml (weight/volume) of anti-TNF-α antibody. Drug-loaded DDS was sterilized with 25 kGy of gamma irradiation. Long-term in vitro antibody affinity and release was evaluated at room temperature or 37°C using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and protein fluorescence. In vivo clinical and histolopathological assessment was performed by subcutaneous implantation in BALB/c mice for 3 months. RESULTS Gamma irradiation, repeated dry/wet cycles, and storage at room temperature for 1 year or 37°C for 1 month had no deleterious effects on antibody affinity. Anti-TNF-α release was high during the first minutes of aqueous exposure, followed by stabilization and gradual, low-dose, antibody release over the next 30 days. Histopathologic evaluation of explanted DDS showed a fibrous pseudocapsule and a myxoid acute/chronic inflammation without granuloma formation surrounding the implants. CONCLUSIONS Sustained local delivery of anti-TNF-α antibody is feasible using the described DDS, which provides stability of the enclosed antibody for up to 1 year of storage. Preliminary results show good in vivo tolerance following subcutaneous placement for 3 months. The proposed fabrication and sterilization process opens new possibilities for the delivery of biologic agents to the anterior surface of the eye. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE The described DDS will facilitate the treatment of ocular surface diseases amenable to biologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Robert
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Chemistry, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chengxin Zhou
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yueran Yan
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederick A Jakobiec
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Stagner
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios Vavvas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleftherios I Paschalis
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Mérida S, Palacios E, Navea A, Bosch-Morell F. New Immunosuppressive Therapies in Uveitis Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18778-95. [PMID: 26270662 PMCID: PMC4581271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis is an inflammatory process that initially starts in the uvea, but can also affect other adjacent eye structures, and is currently the fourth cause of blindness in developed countries. Corticoids are probably the most widespread treatment, but resorting to other immunosuppressive treatments is a frequent practice. Since the implication of different cytokines in uveitis has been well demonstrated, the majority of recent treatments for this disease include inhibitors or antibodies against these. Nevertheless, adequate treatment for each uveitis type entails a difficult therapeutic decision as no clear recommendations are found in the literature, despite the few protocolized clinical assays and many case-control studies done. This review aims to present, in order, the mechanisms and main indications of the most modern immunosuppressive drugs against cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mérida
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia 46113, Spain.
| | - Elena Palacios
- Oftalmología Médica, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Amparo Navea
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia 46113, Spain.
- Oftalmología Médica, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia 46113, Spain.
- Oftalmología Médica, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia 46020, Spain.
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Betül Türkoğlu E, Tuna S, Alan S, İhsan Arman M, Tuna Y, Ünal M. Effect of Systemic Infliximab Therapy in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome. Turk J Ophthalmol 2015; 45:138-141. [PMID: 27800220 PMCID: PMC5082270 DOI: 10.4274/tjo.48379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of systemic infliximab therapy on tear function tests and the ocular surface in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome secondary to various autoimmune diseases. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 22 eyes of 22 patients with Sjögren’s syndrome who began treatment with systemic infliximab. Tear film break-up time (TBUT), anesthetized Schirmer’s 1 test, fluorescein staining test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores were recorded before treatment and in the 3rd and 6th months of treatment. Results: In the 3rd month of infliximab therapy, no significant changes were observed in Schirmer’s values, TBUT, fluorescein staining, or OSDI scores (p=0.260, p=0.357, p=0.190 and p=0.07, respectively). In the 6th month of infliximab therapy, no significant changes were observed in TBUT, fluorescein staining, Schirmer’s value or OSDI scores (p=0.510, p=0.320, p=0.220 and p=0.344, respectively). Conclusion: Infliximab therapy, which is commonly used in systemic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and ankylosing spondylitis, did not show a positive effect on ocular surface and tear function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Betül Türkoğlu
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Serpil Tuna
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sevil Alan
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet İhsan Arman
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Tuna
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ünal
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
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[Perforating keratoplasty versus Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty in the partner eye: Functional results and patient satisfaction]. Ophthalmologe 2015; 112:848-53. [PMID: 25943048 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-015-0010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compared the postoperative results and patient satisfaction between penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in patients who underwent PK in one eye and DSAEK in the other eye. METHODS A total of 15 patients were identified from the corneal database register and the medical charts were analyzed for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometric astigmatism, endothelial cell density and postoperative complications. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by a standardized interview. RESULTS Median follow-up time for PK was 55 months and 18 months for DSAEK (p < 0.01). Median BCVA in PK was 0.8 and 0.5 in DSAEK (p = 0.01) at the end of follow-up. Median keratometric astigmatism was 3.1 diopters after PK and 1.9 diopters after DSAEK (p = 0.2). Median endothelial cell density was 831 cells/mm(2) after PK and 860 cells/mm(2) after DSAEK (p = 0.63). For the interventions 57 % of the patients preferred PK, 36 % preferred DSAEK and 7 % were undecided. Patients assigned the better performing eye to the PK side in 64 % and in 29 % to the DSAEK side and 7 % perceived equal visual performance in both eyes. CONCLUSION The results leave doubt about the superiority of DSAEK compared to PK; however, exceptionally good refractive results of the 15 PK eyes analyzed and significantly longer follow-up times after PK could be the reason for the unexpectedly high patient preference for PK.
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Choi JH, Kim JH, Li Z, Oh HJ, Ahn KY, Yoon KC. Efficacy of the mineral oil and hyaluronic acid mixture eye drops in murine dry eye. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2015; 29:131-7. [PMID: 25829831 PMCID: PMC4369516 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2015.29.2.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the therapeutic effects of mineral oil (MO) and hyaluronic acid (HA) mixture eye drops on the tear film and ocular surface in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE). Methods Eye drops consisting of 0.1% HA alone or mixed with 0.1%, 0.5%, or 5.0% MO were applied to desiccating stress-induced murine dry eyes. Tear volume, corneal irregularity score, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and corneal fluorescein staining scores were measured at 5 and 10 days after treatment. Ten days after treatment, goblet cells in the conjunctiva were counted after Periodic acid-Schiff staining. Results There was no significant difference in the tear volume between desiccating stress-induced groups. The corneal irregularity score was lower in the 0.5% MO group compared with the EDE and HA groups. The 0.5% and 5.0% MO groups showed a significant improvement in TBUT compared with the EDE group. Mice treated with 0.1% and 0.5% MO mixture eye drops showed a significant improvement in fluorescein staining scores compared with the EDE group and the HA group. The conjunctival goblet cell count was higher in the 0.5% MO group compared with the EDE group and HA group. Conclusions The MO and HA mixture eye drops had a beneficial effect on the tear films and ocular surface of murine dry eye. The application of 0.5% MO and 0.1% HA mixture eye drops could improve corneal irregularity, the corneal fluorescein staining score, and conjunctival goblet cell count compared with 0.1% HA eye drops in the treatment of EDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Han Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. ; Kim's Eye Clinic of the 21st Century, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhengri Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Han Jin Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyu Youn Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Li Z, Choi JH, Oh HJ, Park SH, Lee JB, Yoon KC. Effects of eye drops containing a mixture of omega-3 essential fatty acids and hyaluronic acid on the ocular surface in desiccating stress-induced murine dry eye. Curr Eye Res 2014; 39:871-8. [PMID: 24559509 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2014.884595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of the topical application of omega-3 essential fatty acids (EFAs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) mixtures in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE). METHODS Eye drops consisting of 0.1% HA, 0.02%, or 0.2% omega-3 EFAs alone and mixture of 0.02%, or 0.2% omega-3 EFAs and 0.1% HA were applied in desiccating stress-induced murine dry eye. Corneal irregularity scores and fluorescein staining scores were measured 5 and 10 days after treatment. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, -17, and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 were measured in the conjunctiva at 10 days using a multiplex immunobead assay. The concentrations of hexanoyl-lys (HEL) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in conjunctiva tissue were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Mice treated with the mixture containing 0.2% omega-3 EFAs showed a significant improvement in corneal irregularity scores and corneal fluorescein staining scores compared with EDE, HA, 0.02% or 0.2% omega-3 EFAs alone, and 0.02% omega-3 EFAs mixture-treated mice. A significant decrease in the levels of IL-1β, -17, and IP-10 were observed in the 0.2% EFAs mixture-treated group, compared with the other groups. In the mice treated with the mixture containing 0.2% omega-3 EFAs, the concentration of 4-HNE was also lower than the other groups. Although 0.2% omega-3 EFAs alone group also had a significant improvement in corneal irregularity scores and IL-17, IL-10, and 4 HNE levels compared with the other groups, the efficacy was lower than 0.2% omega-3 mixture group. CONCLUSIONS Topically applied eye drops containing a mixture of omega-3 EFAs and HA could improve corneal irregularity and corneal epithelial barrier disruption, and decrease inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers on the ocular surface. Topical omega-3 EFAs and HA mixture may have a greater therapeutic effect on clinical signs and inflammation of dry eye compared with HA artificial tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengri Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital , Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju , Korea
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Yoon KC. Topical biological agents targeting cytokines for the treatment of dry eye disease. World J Ophthalmol 2013; 3:16-19. [DOI: 10.5318/wjo.v3.i2.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Because inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease and Sjögren’s syndrome, topical anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids and cyclosporine A have been used to treat inflammation of the ocular surface and lacrimal gland. Systemic biological agents that target specific immune molecules or cells such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferone-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, or B cells have been used in an attempt to treat Sjögren’s syndrome. However, the efficacy of systemic biological agents, other than B-cell targeting agents, has not yet been confirmed in Sjögren’s syndrome. Several studies have recently evaluated the efficacy of topical administration of biological agents targeting cytokines in the treatment of dry eye disease. Topical blockade of IL-1 by using IL-1 receptor antagonist could ameliorate clinical signs and inflammation of experimental dry eye. Using a mouse model of desiccating stress-induced dry eye, we have demonstrated that topical application of a TNF-α blocking agent, infliximab, could improve tear production and ocular surface irregularity, decrease inflammatory cytokines and Th-1 CD4+ cells on the ocular surface, and increase goblet cell density in the conjunctiva. Although controversy still remains, the use of topical biological agents targeting inflammatory cytokines may be a promising therapy for human dry eye disease.
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Gadaria-Rathod N, Lee KI, Asbell PA. Emerging drugs for the treatment of dry eye disease. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2013; 18:121-36. [PMID: 23621500 DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2013.791676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dry eye disease (DED) is a common, age-related ocular condition that in its mildest forms causes bothersome symptoms of ocular discomfort, fatigue, and visual disturbance that interfere with quality of life and in its more severe forms causes chronic pain and fluctuating vision. Though it is highly prevalent and costs billions of dollars to manage, current treatments have largely been inadequate, making it a frustrating condition, both for physicians and patients alike. AREAS COVERED This article will cover the recently discovered pathophysiology of DED that has prompted investigators to explore new molecules that target the core mechanisms that drive DED. These include anti-inflammatory/immune-modulatory drugs, secretagogues, lubricant, hormones, and autologous serum. Their potential mechanism of action and data from recent trials on efficacy/safety will be reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The emerging drugs have a vast range of putative mechanisms of action that may not only provide symptomatic relief but may potentially break the vicious cycle of DED and provide long-lasting cure. Current and future research may change our perspective on DED and redefine its treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Gadaria-Rathod
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1183, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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