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Faraji Y, van Rijn JW, van Nispen RMA, van Rens GHMB, Melis-Dankers BJM, Koopman J, van Rijn LJ. TREYESCAN: configuration of an eye tracking test for the measurement of compensatory eye movements in patients with visual field defects. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20479. [PMID: 37993508 PMCID: PMC10665380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Traffic Eye Scanning and Compensation Analyzer (TREYESCAN) is introduced as an innovative eye tracking test designed to measure compensatory eye movements in individuals with visual field defects. The primary objective of the test is to quantitatively assess and analyze the compensatory eye movements employed by patients with visual field defects while viewing videos of various traffic scenes from the viewpoint of a driver of a passenger car. The filming process involved capturing a wide range of driving conditions and hazards, aiming to replicate real-world scenarios. Specific dynamic areas of interest within these scenes were selected and assessed by a panel of experts on medical and practical fitness to drive. Pilot measurements were conducted on a sample of 20 normally-sighted individuals during two different measurement sessions. The results provide valuable insights into how individuals without visual impairment view the dynamic scenes presented in the test. Moving forward, the TREYESCAN will be used in a case-control study involving glaucoma patients and control subjects, with the goal of further investigating and understanding the mechanisms employed by individuals with glaucoma to compensate for their visual field defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Faraji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Societal Participation & Health, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris W van Rijn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth M A van Nispen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Societal Participation & Health, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ger H M B van Rens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Societal Participation & Health, Mental Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J M Melis-Dankers
- Royal Dutch Visio, Centre of Expertise for Blind and Partially Sighted People, Huizen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Koopman
- Royal Dutch Visio, Centre of Expertise for Blind and Partially Sighted People, Huizen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurentius J van Rijn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems & Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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McDonald MA, Stevenson CH, Kersten HM, Danesh-Meyer HV. Eye Movement Abnormalities in Glaucoma Patients: A Review. Eye Brain 2022; 14:83-114. [PMID: 36105571 PMCID: PMC9467299 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s361946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common condition that relies on careful clinical assessment to diagnose and determine disease progression. There is growing evidence that glaucoma is associated not only with loss of retinal ganglion cells but also with degeneration of cortical and subcortical brain structures associated with vision and eye movements. The effect of glaucoma pathophysiology on eye movements is not well understood. In this review, we examine the evidence surrounding altered eye movements in glaucoma patients compared to healthy controls, with a focus on quantitative eye tracking studies measuring saccades, fixation, and optokinetic nystagmus in a range of visual tasks. The evidence suggests that glaucoma patients have alterations in several eye movement domains. Patients exhibit longer saccade latencies, which worsen with increasing glaucoma severity. Other saccadic abnormalities include lower saccade amplitude and velocity, and difficulty inhibiting reflexive saccades. Fixation is pathologically altered in glaucoma with reduced stability. Optokinetic nystagmus measures have also been shown to be abnormal. Complex visual tasks (eg reading, driving, and navigating obstacles), integrate these eye movements and result in behavioral adaptations. The review concludes with a summary of the evidence and recommendations for future research in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A McDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clark H Stevenson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hannah M Kersten
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Eye Institute, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen V Danesh-Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Eye Institute, Auckland, New Zealand
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3
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Wood JM. Vision Impairment and On-Road Driving. Annu Rev Vis Sci 2022; 8:195-216. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-100820-085030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Good vision is important for safe driving. The impact of vision impairment associated with common eye diseases on driving performance, and the association between vision measures and driving performance, are discussed. Studies include those where participants drove a real vehicle on a closed road or on public roads. Closed-road studies include evaluation of both simulated and true vision impairment and day- and night-time driving. Collectively, the findings provide important insights into the impact of refractive conditions, cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and hemianopic field loss on driving; however, study results show varying impacts on driving performance and are often limited by small sample sizes. Vision measures including motion sensitivity, contrast sensitivity, and useful field of view have stronger associations with driving performance than do visual acuity or visual fields, with studies suggesting that some drivers with field loss can compensate for their field defects through increased eye and head movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M. Wood
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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4
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Adrian J, Authié C, Lebrun J, Lombardi M, Zenouda A, Gutman E, Brasnu E, Hamard P, Sahel J, Baudouin C, Labbé A. Driving behaviour and visual compensation in glaucoma patients: Evaluation on a driving simulator. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 50:420-428. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Adrian
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
| | - Colas Authié
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
| | - Johan Lebrun
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
| | - Marco Lombardi
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
| | - Ariel Zenouda
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
| | - Emmanuel Gutman
- Streetlab® Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau Paris France
| | - Emmanuelle Brasnu
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
| | - Pascale Hamard
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
| | - José‐Alain Sahel
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology III Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT Paris France
- Inserm U968; UPMC Paris 06 University, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision; CNRS, UMR 7210; CHNO des Quinze‐Vingts, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology III Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT Paris France
- Inserm U968; UPMC Paris 06 University, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision; CNRS, UMR 7210; CHNO des Quinze‐Vingts, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP‐HP, Paris Saclay University Gif‐sur‐Yvette France
| | - Antoine Labbé
- Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology III Quinze‐Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, IHU FOReSIGHT Paris France
- Inserm U968; UPMC Paris 06 University, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision; CNRS, UMR 7210; CHNO des Quinze‐Vingts, INSERM‐DHOS CIC Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP‐HP, Paris Saclay University Gif‐sur‐Yvette France
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Zwierko T, Jedziniak W, Florkiewicz B, Lesiakowski P, Śliwiak M, Kirkiewicz M, Lubiński W. Physical Activity Is Associated with Improved Visuomotor Processing in Older Adults with Moderate and Advanced Glaucomatous Visual Field Defect: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031760. [PMID: 35162783 PMCID: PMC8835176 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma affects a wide spectrum of daily essential activities in older adults. This study examined whether older adults with moderate and advanced stages of glaucoma exhibit differences in visuomotor task performance compared with age- and gender-matched ophthalmologically healthy control subjects and estimated the effects of physical activity (PA) levels, age, and severity of visual impairment on patients' visuomotor task performance. Sixty older adults with moderate glaucoma, advanced glaucoma, and normal sight participated in the study. Visuomotor processing was assessed using laboratory-based simple and complex visuomotor reaction tasks. Monocular Humphrey Visual Field and binocular Humphrey Esterman Visual Field tests were used to estimate visual field defect severity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA levels. Participants with glaucoma had poorer scores in visuomotor tasks compared to participants with normal sight. Glaucoma patients' PA levels, age, and binocular visual field defect explained 54% of the variation in complex reaction time. Low PA levels were identified as a risk factor for visuomotor processing decline. Compensatory mechanisms to improve the efficiency of visual field scanning in patients with more severe visual field defects may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zwierko
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland; (W.J.); (B.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wojciech Jedziniak
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland; (W.J.); (B.F.)
| | - Beata Florkiewicz
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland; (W.J.); (B.F.)
| | - Piotr Lesiakowski
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-123 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marta Śliwiak
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Marta Kirkiewicz
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Wojciech Lubiński
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
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6
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Srinivasan R, Turpin A, McKendrick AM. Developing a Screening Tool for Areas of Abnormal Central Vision Using Visual Stimuli With Natural Scene Statistics. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:34. [PMID: 35195703 PMCID: PMC8883145 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.2.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies show that some visual field (VF) defects are detectable from visual search behavior; for example, when watching video. Here, we developed and tested a VF testing approach that measures the number of fixations to find targets on a background with spatial frequency content similar to natural scenes. Methods Twenty-one older controls and 20 people with glaucoma participated. Participants searched for a Gabor (6 c/°) that appeared in one of 25 possible locations within a 15° (visual angle) 1/f noise background (RMS contrast: 0.20). Procedure performance was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity for different combinations of control performance limits (p = 95%, 98%, 99%), number of target locations with fixations outside control performance limits (k = 0 to 25) and number of repeated target presentations (n = 1 to 20). Results Controls made a median of two to three fixations (twenty-fifth to seventy-fifth percentile: two to four) to locate the target depending on location. A VF was flagged “abnormal” when the number of fixations was greater than the p = 99% for k = 3 or more locations with n = 2 repeated presentations, giving 85% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity. The median test time for controls was 85.71 (twenty-fifth to seventy-fifth percentile: 66.49–113.53) seconds. Conclusion Our prototype test demonstrated effective and efficient screening of abnormal areas in central vision. Translational Relevance Visual search behavior can be used to detect central vision loss and may produce results that relate well to performance in natural visual environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Srinivasan
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Turpin
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison M McKendrick
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Derhy D, Lithfous S, Speeg C, Gaucher D, Despres O, Dufour A, Bourcier T, Sauer A. Driving Skills Tested on Simulator After Strabismus Surgery: A Prospective Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:36. [PMID: 32855882 PMCID: PMC7422777 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.8.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The sense of vision is responsible for 90% of the information obtained by the motorist. Improvement in binocular visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF) achieved after strabismus surgery could have beneficial effects on driving. Our study sought to identify functional improvements (VA and VF) and improvements in driving ability following strabismus surgery. Methods In a prospective cohort study, the following parameters are analyzed before and 3 months after strabismus surgery: simulated driving performance (including eye movements and actions on vehicle control), binocular VA, binocular VF, and self-confidence during driving. Results Twenty patients participated in the study. The mean preoperative logMAR binocular VA and stereopsis do not significantly differ from the postoperative. The mean Esterman VF score increases from 91.3 (±17.2) preoperatively to 96.9 (±13.9) postoperatively (P = 0.045). The mean self-confidence directed at driving scores decreases from 20.5 (±10.3) points before surgery to 11.0 (±6.0) points after surgery (P < 0.001). The distance at which the road signs are identified is significantly higher after surgery. The average speed of the vehicle and the speed near the targets (30 m) increase significantly after strabismus surgery. A significant decrease in ocular movements near targets is also observed. The number of brake pedal depressions and the rate of brake pedal depressions slightly decrease after surgery. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential beneficial effects of strabismus surgery on driving ability, with significant improvements in self-confidence during driving, VF, and driving on a simulator. Translational Relevance This was the first study to use a driving simulator in strabismus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Derhy
- Department of Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Université de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ségolène Lithfous
- CI2N, Centre d'Investigations Neurocognitives & Neurophysiologiques UMS 3489 CNRS / UdS . Strasbourg, France
| | - Claude Speeg
- Department of Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Université de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Gaucher
- Department of Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Université de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Despres
- CI2N, Centre d'Investigations Neurocognitives & Neurophysiologiques UMS 3489 CNRS / UdS . Strasbourg, France
| | - André Dufour
- CI2N, Centre d'Investigations Neurocognitives & Neurophysiologiques UMS 3489 CNRS / UdS . Strasbourg, France
| | - Tristan Bourcier
- Department of Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Université de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arnaud Sauer
- Department of Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Université de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
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8
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Asfaw DS, Jones PR, Edwards LA, Smith ND, Crabb DP. Using eye movements to detect visual field loss: a pragmatic assessment using simulated scotoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9782. [PMID: 32555198 PMCID: PMC7299979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible sight-loss and has been shown to affect natural eye-movements. These changes may provide a cheap and easy-to-obtain biomarker for improving disease detection. Here, we investigated whether these changes are large enough to be clinically useful. We used a gaze-contingent simulated visual field (VF) loss paradigm, in which participants experienced a variable magnitude of simulated VF loss based on longitudinal data from a real glaucoma patient (thereby controlling for other variables, such as age and general health). Fifty-five young participants with healthy vision were asked to view two short videos and three pictures, either with: (1) no VF loss, (2) moderate VF loss, or (3) advanced VF loss. Eye-movements were recorded using a remote eye tracker. Key eye-movement parameters were computed, including saccade amplitude, the spread of saccade endpoints (bivariate contour ellipse area), location of saccade landing positions, and similarity of fixations locations among participants (quantified using kernel density estimation). The simulated VF loss caused some statistically significant effects in the eye movement parameters. Yet, these effects were not capable of consistently identifying simulated VF loss, despite it being of a magnitude likely easily detectable by standard automated perimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Asfaw
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Pete R Jones
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Laura A Edwards
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Nicholas D Smith
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - David P Crabb
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
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9
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Glaucoma and Driving. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-020-00229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Lee SSY, Lingham G, Yazar S, Sanfilippo PG, Charng J, Chen FK, Hewitt AW, Ng F, Hammond C, Straker LM, Eastwood PR, MacGregor S, Rose KA, Lucas RM, Guggenheim JA, Saw SM, Coroneo MT, He M, Mackey DA. Rationale and protocol for the 7- and 8-year longitudinal assessments of eye health in a cohort of young adults in the Raine Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033440. [PMID: 32217560 PMCID: PMC7170556 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eye diseases and visual impairment more commonly affect elderly adults, thus, the majority of ophthalmic cohort studies have focused on older adults. Cohort studies on the ocular health of younger adults, on the other hand, have been few. The Raine Study is a longitudinal study that has been following a cohort since their birth in 1989-1991. As part of the 20-year follow-up of the Raine Study, participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination. As part of the 27- and 28-year follow-ups, eye assessments are being conducted and the data collected will be compared with those of the 20-year follow-up. This will provide an estimate of population incidence and updated prevalence of ocular conditions such as myopia and keratoconus, as well as longitudinal change in ocular parameters in young Australian adults. Additionally, the data will allow exploration of the environmental, health and genetic factors underlying inter-subject differential long-term ocular changes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Participants are being contacted via telephone, email and/or social media and invited to participate in the eye examination. At the 27-year follow-up, participants completed a follow-up eye screening, which assessed visual acuity, autorefraction, ocular biometry and ocular sun exposure. Currently, at the 28-year follow-up, a comprehensive eye examination is being conducted which, in addition to all the eye tests performed at the 27-year follow-up visit, includes tonometry, optical coherence tomography, funduscopy and anterior segment topography, among others. Outcome measures include the incidence of refractive error and pterygium, an updated prevalence of these conditions, and the 8-year change in ocular parameters. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Raine Study is registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. The Gen2 20-year, 27-year and 28-year follow-ups are approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Western Australia. Findings resulting from the study will be published in health or medical journals and presented at conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12617001599369; Active, not recruiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sze-Yee Lee
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gareth Lingham
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Single Cell and Computational Genomics Lab, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul G Sanfilippo
- Centre for Eye Research Australia Ltd, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason Charng
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia Ltd, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Fletcher Ng
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Hammond
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leon M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter R Eastwood
- Centre for Sleep Science, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research - QIMR, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Rose
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn M Lucas
- Australian National University, Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jeremy A Guggenheim
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minas T Coroneo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mingguang He
- Centre for Eye Research Australia Ltd, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia Ltd, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Glaucoma has been shown to impair hazard detection ability and increase crash risk compared to controls. Differences in visual search behavior of the driving scene may explain these differences; however, there has been limited investigation of this issue with inconsistent findings. PURPOSE Through eye movement tracking of older drivers with glaucoma, we explored their visual search behavior in comparison with controls while performing the DriveSafe, a slide recognition test purported to predict fitness to drive. METHODS Thirty-one drivers with glaucoma (mean age, 71.7 ± 6.3 years; average better-eye mean defect,-3 dB; average worse-eye mean defect,-12 dB) and 25 age-matched controls underwent measurements of their visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual fields, and useful field of view (visual processing speeds). Participants' eye movements were recorded while they completed the DriveSafe test, which consists of brief presentations of static, real-world driving scenes containing various road users (pedestrians, bicycles, vehicles). Participants reported the types, positions, and direction of travel of road users in each image; the score was the total number of correctly reported items (maximum, 128). RESULTS Drivers with glaucoma had significantly worse DriveSafe scores (P = .03), fixated on road users for shorter durations (P < .001), and exhibited smaller saccades (P = .02) compared with controls. For all participants, longer fixation times on road users (P < .001) was the eye movement measure most strongly associated with better DriveSafe scores; this relationship was not significantly different between groups. Useful field-of-view divided attention was the strongest visual predictor of DriveSafe scores. CONCLUSIONS Eye movement changes in the glaucoma group may reflect increased difficulty in identifying relevant objects in the visual scene, which may be related to their lower DriveSafe scores. Given the DriveSafe's potential utility in assessing drivers with visual impairment before on-road testing, further investigations on how DriveSafe performance and eye movement patterns compare to those during on-road driving are warranted.
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Zwierko T, Jedziniak W, Lesiakowski P, Śliwiak M, Kirkiewicz M, Lubiński W. Eye-Hand Coordination Impairment in Glaucoma Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224332. [PMID: 31703245 PMCID: PMC6888341 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether patients with glaucoma exhibit differences in eye–hand coordination tasks compared to age-matched normal-sighted control subjects. Twenty-eight patients with moderate-to-advanced stages of glaucoma and 28 subjects with no ocular disease participated in the study. The Motor Performance Series (MLS) of the Vienna Test System including aiming, linear tracking, tremor, and tapping tests were used to assess eye–hand coordination. Monocular Humphrey Visual Field and binocular Humphrey Esterman Visual Field tests were used to estimate visual field (VF) defect severity. Correlation between MLS scores and VF defects, visual acuity, and patient age were assessed. Glaucoma patients performed slower aiming at targets, committed more errors, and took longer to complete linear tracking and tremor tasks compared to the normal-sighted control group. Furthermore, tapping test scores indicated reduced hand movements at maximum frequency. The presence of asymmetrical monocular VF defects were associated with longer error durations in linear tracking tasks. Furthermore, MLS scores decline with advancing age and reduced visual acuity. Glaucoma patients had lower values for most MLS parameters compared to controls. However, monocular and binocular VF defects cannot fully explain the impartments in eye–hand coordination associated with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zwierko
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Laboratory of Kinesiology in Functional and Structural Human Research Center, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Wojciech Jedziniak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Laboratory of Kinesiology in Functional and Structural Human Research Center, University of Szczecin, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Lesiakowski
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-123 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marta Śliwiak
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Marta Kirkiewicz
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Wojciech Lubiński
- II Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.K.); (W.L.)
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2015 Glenn A. Fry Award Lecture: Driving toward a New Vision: Understanding the Role of Vision in Driving. Optom Vis Sci 2019; 96:626-636. [DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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