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Gupta RD, Haider SS, Eusufzai SZ, Hoque Apu E, Siddika N. Differences in Prevalence and Associated Factors of Underweight and Overweight/Obesity among Bangladeshi Adults by Gender: Analysis of a Nationally Representative Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710698. [PMID: 36078414 PMCID: PMC9517755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to find the differences in prevalence and associated factors of underweight and overweight/obesity among Bangladeshi adults by gender, using the nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 data. To identify the factors associated with underweight and overweight/obesity in both genders, multilevel multivariable logistic regression was conducted. The prevalence of underweight was 19.79% and 15.49% among males and females, respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 32.67% and 45.60% among males and females, respectively. Among both genders, participants with the highest likelihood of overweight/obesity were aged 30-49 years and 50-69 years, had the highest educational attainment up to primary and secondary level, resided in a household that belonged to the middle, richer, or richest wealth quintiles, and were currently married. On the other hand, among both genders, increased educational attainment and wealth index were inversely associated with being underweight. Health promotion programs in Bangladesh should focus on these high-risk groups to address the burden of underweight and overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Das Gupta
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Shams Shabab Haider
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sumaiya Zabin Eusufzai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Dental Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nazeeba Siddika
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Rittirong J, Bryant J, Aekplakorn W, Prohmmo A, Sunpuwan M. Obesity and occupation in Thailand: using a Bayesian hierarchical model to obtain prevalence estimates from the National Health Examination Survey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:914. [PMID: 33985465 PMCID: PMC8117309 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like many developing countries, Thailand has experienced a rapid rise in obesity, accompanied by a rapid change in occupational structure. It is plausible that these two trends are related, with movement into sedentary occupations leading to increases in obesity. National health examination survey data contains information on obesity and socioeconomic conditions that can help untangle the relationship, but analysis is challenging because of small sample sizes. METHODS This paper explores the relationship between occupation and obesity using data on 10,127 respondents aged 20-59 from the 2009 National Health Examination Survey. Obesity is measured using waist circumference. Modelling is carried out using an approach known as Multiple Regression with Post-Stratification (MRP). We use Bayesian hierarchical models to construct prevalence estimates disaggregated by age, sex, education, urban-rural residence, region, and occupation, and use census population weights to aggregate up. The Bayesian hierarchical model is designed to protect against overfitting and false discovery, which is particularly important in an exploratory study such as this one. RESULTS There is no clear relationship between the overall sedentary nature of occupations and obesity. Instead, obesity appears to vary occupation by occupation. For instance, women in professional occupations, and men who are agricultural or fishery workers, have relatively low rates of obesity. CONCLUSION Bayesian hierarchical models plus post-stratification offers new possibilities for using surveys to learn about complex health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongjit Rittirong
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhorn Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - John Bryant
- Bayesian Demography Limited, 9 Buscot Gate, Christchurch, 8042 New Zealand
| | - Wichai Aekplakorn
- Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aree Prohmmo
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhorn Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Malee Sunpuwan
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhorn Pathom, 73170 Thailand
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Senthanar S, Varatharajan S, Bigelow P. Flexible Work Arrangements and Health in White-Collar Urban Professionals. New Solut 2020; 30:294-304. [PMID: 33256504 DOI: 10.1177/1048291120976642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although some research has examined health implications of flexible work arrangements, little is known about job flexibility and health in the context of modern working life, characterized by intensification. Grounded on the Job Demand-Resource model, this article explores access to flexible work arrangements and organizational climate on the health and well-being of white-collar, urban professionals in downtown Toronto. A qualitative content analysis of eight semistructured interviews with white-collar, urban professionals between the ages of twenty-five and thirty-two revealed three domains-intensity of work life and demands, coworker and managerial relations, and the boundaries between work and home-where demands outweighed resources to limit workers' ability to practice flexibility. Thus, an emerging trend where workers need to be flexible within flexible work arrangements emerged. Findings point to the need for organizational commitment and activities to address unhealthy behaviors in the context of modern working life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Senthanar
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sharanya Varatharajan
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Bigelow
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Sołtysik BK, Kostka J, Karolczak K, Watała C, Kostka T. What is the most important determinant of cardiometabolic risk in 60-65-year-old subjects: physical activity-related behaviours, overall energy expenditure or occupational status? A cross-sectional study in three populations with different employment status in Poland. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025905. [PMID: 31366638 PMCID: PMC6677988 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine whether cardiovascular risk factors may differ according to occupational status and whether physical activity related to total energy expenditure (PA-EE) and related to health-related behaviours (PA-HRB) is associated with common cardiovascular risk factors or metabolic syndrome in pre-elderly subjects. METHODS Three hundred subjects aged 60-65 were recruited and divided into three equal groups of white-collar, blue-collar workers and unemployed subjects; 50% were women. The subjects were tested for major cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, lipid levels, glucose, uric acid and homocysteine. PA-EE and PA-HRB were assessed with PA questionnaires. RESULTS Blue-collar workers displayed higher anthropometric indices, blood pressure and higher PA-EE in comparison with other two groups. PA-HRB had a positive impact on body mass indices, lipids, glucose, uric acid and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, with no such relationship observed for PA-EE. CONCLUSIONS The greatest cardiovascular risk was observed in the blue-collar workers group. Only PA-HRB had a positive association with cardiometabolic risk profile. No relationship was observed for PA-EE. Thus, promoting everyday life and leisure time PA behaviours is crucial for preventing cardiometabolic risk in pre-elderly subjects, even in blue-collar workers with high work-related EE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Kostka
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil Karolczak
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Cezary Watała
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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Joo JH, Lee DW, Choi DW, Park EC. Association between night work and dyslipidemia in South Korean men and women: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:75. [PMID: 30922333 PMCID: PMC6440094 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that an irregular work schedule, particularly nighttime work, is associated with an altered lipid profile. Additionally, a mismatch in circadian rhythm can affect sleeping and eating habits, leading to poor health. This study aimed to examine the association between night work and dyslipidemia among South Korean adults aged ≥30 years. METHODS For this study, the data of 5813 participants in the 2013-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Diagnoses of dyslipidemia were based on blood sampling tests of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Night work was defined as that conducted during evening (6 P.M.-12 A.M.) and overnight hours (12 A.M.-8 A.M.). The association between night work hours and dyslipidemia in South Korean men and women was investigated using a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS After adjusting for sociodemographic, economic, health-related, and nutritional factors, an association of night work with dyslipidemia was observed in male participants (odds ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-2.24). In subset analyses of male participants, night workers who skipped meals were more likely to have dyslipidemia than their day-working counterparts. Among men who slept < 7 h, night workers had a higher probability of dyslipidemia than day workers. In contrast, no statistically significant association between night work and dyslipidemia was observed in female participants, although the probability of dyslipidemia appeared to increase with advancing age. Furthermore, when women with dyslipidemia were subdivided by occupational categories, night workers in white collar positions were more likely to have dyslipidemia than their day-working counterparts. CONCLUSION Our study observed an association of night work with dyslipidemia, particularly in men. Although these findings may support interventions for South Korean night workers, further studies are needed for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Joo
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Woong Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Palo SK, Swain S, Priyadarshini S, Behera B, Pati S. Epidemiology of obesity and its related morbidities among rural population attending a primary health centre of Odisha, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:203-208. [PMID: 30911507 PMCID: PMC6396592 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_255_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Overweight and obesity has become a major contributor to global burden of chronic diseases and disability. Obesity among rural India is emerging as a major health problem because of change in lifestyle and food habits, thereby increases the risk of multiple morbid conditions among rural population. Aims: This study aims to find out the association of overweight/obesity with different socio-demographic factors and explore the co-morbidities among overweight and obese in a rural setting. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was done in a randomly selected primary health centre of Khurda district, Odisha for 4 months. Materials and Methods: This study was done among 183 patients aged >20 years with BMI >25 kg/m2 after taking their consent. Anthropometric measurements were done and data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics such as proportion, mean and standard deviation were calculated and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate regression was done using the SPSS version 20.0. Results: Mean age of participants was 45.7 (±13.8) years. About 93.4% were Grade II obese while 51.9% were at risk according to their waist–hip ratio. Around 53.6% of participants had multi-morbidity. Age, occupation and number of children were significantly associated with obesity. Morbidity was significantly associated with age, occupation, marital status and number of children. Increased grade in obesity the more is the probability of having morbidity. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to screen for obesity at rural health facility and early management for prevention from co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swagatika Swain
- Technical Assistant Nursing, ICMR-RMRC, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Paid Sick Leave Benefits and Adherence to Recommended Screening Tests Among Male Labor Workers in the United States. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:102-106. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Dodson EA, Hipp JA, Lee JA, Yang L, Marx CM, Tabak RG, Brownson RC. Does Availability of Worksite Supports for Physical Activity Differ by Industry and Occupation? Am J Health Promot 2018; 32:517-526. [PMID: 27810951 PMCID: PMC5415420 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116668795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore combinations of worksite supports (WSS) for physical activity (PA) that may assist employees in meeting PA recommendations and to investigate how availability of WSS differs across industries and occupations. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Several Missouri metropolitan areas. PARTICIPANTS Adults employed >20 h/wk outside the home. MEASURES Survey utilized existing self-reported measures (eg, presence of WSS for PA) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. ANALYSIS Logistic regression was conducted for 2 outcome variables: leisure and transportation PA. Independent variables included 16 WSS. Of particular interest were interaction effects between WSS variables. Analyses were stratified by 5 occupation and 7 industry types. RESULTS Overall, 2013 people completed the survey (46% response rate). Often, availability of 1 WSS did not increase the likelihood of meeting PA recommendations, but several pairs of WSS did. For example, in business occupations, the odds of meeting PA recommendations through transportation PA increased when employees had access to showers and incentives to bike/walk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-2.22); showers and maps (OR = 1.25; 1.02-1.55); maps and incentives to bike/walk (OR = 1.48; 1.04-2.12). CONCLUSION Various combinations of WSS may increase the likelihood that employees will meet PA recommendations. Many are of low or no cost, including flexible time for exercise and maps of worksite-adjacent walk/bike routes. Findings may be instructive for employers seeking to improve employee health through worksite PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Dodson
- 1 Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Aaron Hipp
- 2 Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jung Ae Lee
- 3 Agricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- 4 Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; formerly at Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine M Marx
- 5 Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel G Tabak
- 1 Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ross C Brownson
- 1 Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
- 6 Department of Surgery, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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