1
|
Cummings KM, Toll BA, Talbot V, Roberson A, Wilson D, Dunlap M, Ware EC, Palmer AM, Bliss AA, Anokye VS, Warren G. Implementation, enrollment, and engagement in an opt-out telehealth pharmacist-assisted tobacco treatment program for patients seen in oncology outpatient clinics. Cancer 2024; 130:2482-2492. [PMID: 38546445 PMCID: PMC11214603 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the workflow, reach, cost, and self-reported quit rates for an opt-out tobacco treatment program (TTP) for patients seen in 43 oncology outpatient clinics. METHODS Between May 25, 2021, and December 31, 2022, adult patients (≥18 years) visiting clinics affiliated with the Medical University of South Carolina Hollings Cancer Center were screened for smoking status. Those currently smoking were referred to a telehealth pharmacy-assisted TTP. An attempt was made to contact referred patients by phone. Patients reached were offered free smoking cessation counseling and a 2-week starter kit of nicotine replacement medication. A random sample of 420 patients enrolled in the TTP were selected to participate in a telephone survey to assess smoking status 4 to 12 months after enrollment. RESULTS During the reference period 35,756 patients were screened and 9.3% were identified as currently smoking. Among the 3319 patients referred to the TTP at least once, 2393 (72.1%) were reached by phone, of whom 426 (12.8%) were ineligible for treatment, 458 (13.8%) opted out of treatment, and 1509 (45.5%) received treatment. More than 90% of TTP enrollees smoked daily, with an average of 13.1 cigarettes per day. Follow-up surveys were completed on 167 of 420 patients, of whom 23.4% to 33.5% reported not smoking; if all nonresponders to the survey are counted as smoking, the range of quit rates is 9.3% to 13.3%. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate the feasibility of reaching and delivering smoking cessation treatments to patients from a diverse set of geographically dispersed oncology clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Michael Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Toll
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Avery Roberson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dianne Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Martha Dunlap
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Emily C. Ware
- Pharmacy Services, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda M. Palmer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Asia A. Bliss
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vincent S. Anokye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Graham Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
D'Angelo H, Land SR, Mayne RG. Assessing Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Use at NCI-Designated Cancer Centers in the Cancer Moonshot-funded Cancer Center Cessation Initiative. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:763-766. [PMID: 34127508 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Assessing tobacco product use and delivering tobacco dependence treatment is an essential part of cancer care; however, little is known about electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or e-cigarette use assessment in cancer treatment settings. Given the importance of tailoring tobacco treatment, it is critical to understand how ENDS use is assessed in the electronic health record (EHR) in cancer care settings. Two questionnaires were completed by tobacco treatment program leads at 42 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers in the Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (January 1 to June 30 and July 1 to December 31, 2019). Items assessed how often smoking status and ENDS use were recorded in the EHR. An open-ended item recorded the text and response categories of each center's ENDS assessment question. All 42 centers assessed smoking status at both time periods. Twenty-five centers (59.5%) assessed ENDS use in the first half of 2019, increasing to 30 (71.4%) in the last half of 2019. By the end of 2019, 17 centers assessed smoking status at every patient visit while six assessed ENDS use at every visit. A checkbox/drop-down menu rather than scripted text was used at 30 centers (73.2%) for assessing smoking status and at 18 centers (42.9%) for assessing ENDS use. Our findings underscore the gap in systematic ENDS use screening in cancer treatment settings. Requiring ENDS use measures in the EHR as part of quality measures and providing scripted text scripts to providers may increase rates of ENDS use assessment at more cancer centers. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: This study identifies a gap in the systematic assessment of ENDS use among patients seen at 42 NCI-Designated cancer centers. Requiring the systematic assessment of both ENDS use and use of other tobacco products can inform evidence-based treatment of tobacco dependence and lead to improved cancer treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather D'Angelo
- Health Communications and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
| | - Stephanie R Land
- Health Communications and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.,Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Rachel Grana Mayne
- Health Communications and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.,Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Smith KE, Ikegwuonu T, Weishaar H, Hilton S. Evidence use in E-cigarettes debates: scientific showdowns in a 'wild west' of research. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:362. [PMID: 33593318 PMCID: PMC7884966 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Against a backdrop of declining tobacco use, e-cigarette markets are growing. The UK now has a higher percentage of e-cigarette users than any other European country. These developments have prompted fierce discussions in scientific, advocacy and policy communities about how best to respond. This article is one of the first to examine the role of evidence in these debates. METHODS We analysed 121 submissions to two Scottish policy consultations on e-cigarettes (in 2014 and 2015) and undertook interviews with 26 key informants in 2015-2016, following up with a sub-set in 2019-2020. All data were thematically coded, and our analysis was informed by insights from policy studies and the sociology of science. RESULTS First, we affirm previous research in suggesting that e-cigarettes appeared to have triggered a breakdown of old public health alliances. Second, we demonstrate that, amid concerns about research quality and quantity, actors are guided by normative outlooks (and/or economic interests) in their assessments of evidence. Third, we show that, despite describing e-cigarette debates as contentious and polarised, actors engaging in Scottish policy debates exhibit a spectrum of views, with most interviewees occupying an uncertain 'middle ground' that is responsive to new evidence. Fourth, we suggest that the perceived divisiveness of e-cigarette debates is attributed to recurrent media simplifications and tensions arising from the behaviours of some actors with settled positions working to promote particular policy responses (including by strategically enrolling supportive evidence). Fifth, we argue that the actions of these actors are potentially explained by the prospect that e-cigarettes could usher in a new tobacco 'policy paradigm'. Finally, we show how scientific authority is employed as a tool within these debates. CONCLUSIONS E-cigarette debates are likely to reconcile only if a clear majority of participants in the uncertain 'middle ground' settle on a more fixed position. Our results suggest that many participants in Scottish e-cigarette debates occupy this 'middle ground' and express concerns that can be empirically assessed, implying evidence has the potential to play a more important role in settling e-cigarette debates than previous research suggests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Smith
- School of Social Work & Social Policy, University of Strathclyde, Lord Hope Building, 141 St James Road, Glasgow, G4 0LT, UK.
| | - Theresa Ikegwuonu
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - Heide Weishaar
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - Shona Hilton
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Enyioha C, Warren GW, Morgan GD, Goldstein AO. Tobacco Use and Treatment among Cancer Survivors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239109. [PMID: 33291274 PMCID: PMC7730918 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use is causally associated with the risk of developing multiple health conditions, including over a dozen types of cancer, and is responsible for 30% of cancer deaths in the U [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chineme Enyioha
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (C.E.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Graham W. Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Glen D. Morgan
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (C.E.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Adam O. Goldstein
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (C.E.); (G.D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feeney S, Terrien JM. E-Cigarettes: Background and Essential Information for Providers. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2020; 24:694-698. [PMID: 33216056 DOI: 10.1188/20.cjon.694-698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
E-cigarettes are rapidly increasing in use across all populations, particularly in adolescents and young adults. Smoking cessation is important for patients with cancer; however, evidence supporting e-cigarettes as an effective cessation strategy is lacking and not currently recommended. Information on risks, safety, and recommendations regarding vaping will be discussed. Oncology nursing considerations for e-cigarettes include communicating known and potential risks while using smoking cessation strategies for people at risk for cancer or who have cancer and are currently vaping.
Collapse
|
6
|
European practice patterns and barriers to smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis in the setting of curative versus palliative cancer treatment. Eur J Cancer 2020; 138:99-108. [PMID: 32871527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis is associated with improved overall survival. Few studies have reported oncologists' cessation practice patterns, but differences between the curative and palliative settings have not been described. We aimed to study the oncologist's perceptions on patients' tobacco use, current practices and barriers to providing smoking cessation support, while distinguishing between treatment with curative (C) and palliative (P) intent. METHODS In 2019, an online 34-item survey was sent to approximately 6235 oncologists from 16 European countries. Responses were descriptively reported and compared by treatment setting. RESULTS Responses from 544 oncologists were included. Oncologists appeared to favour addressing tobacco in the curative setting more than in the palliative setting. Oncologists believe that continued smoking impacts treatment outcomes (C: 94%, P: 74%) and that cessation support should be standard cancer care (C: 95%, P: 63%). Most routinely assess tobacco use (C: 93%, P: 78%) and advise patients to stop using tobacco (C: 88%, P: 54%), but only 24% (P)-39% (C) routinely discuss medication options, and only 18% (P)-31% (C) provide cessation support. Hesitation to remove a pleasurable habit (C: 13%, P: 43%) and disbelieve on smoking affecting outcomes (C: 3%, P: 14%) were disparate barriers between the curative and palliative settings (p < 0.001), but dominant barriers of time, resources, education and patient resistance were similar between settings. CONCLUSION Oncologists appear to favour addressing tobacco use more in the curative setting; however, they discuss medication options and/or provide cessation support in a minority of cases. All patients who report current smoking should have access to evidence-based smoking cessation support, also patients treated with palliative intent given their increasing survival.
Collapse
|
7
|
Papenberg BW, Allen JL, Markwell SM, Interval ET, Montague PA, Johnson CJ, Weed SA. Disparate survival of late-stage male oropharyngeal cancer in Appalachia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11612. [PMID: 32669588 PMCID: PMC7363863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The United States Appalachian region harbors a higher cancer burden than the rest of the nation, with disparate incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), including oral cavity and pharynx (OC/P) cancers. Whether elevated HNSCC incidence generates survival disparities within Appalachia is unknown. To address this, HNSCC survival data for 259,737 tumors from the North American Association for Central Cancer Registries 2007-2013 cohort were evaluated, with age-adjusted relative survival (RS) calculated based on staging, race, sex, and Appalachian residence. Tobacco use, a primary HNSCC risk factor, was evaluated through the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from Appalachian states. Decreased OC/P RS was found in stage IV Appalachian white males within a subset of states. The survival disparity was confined to human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancers, specifically the oropharynx subsite. This correlated with significantly higher smoking and male smokeless tobacco use in most Appalachian disparity states. Lower survival of Appalachian males with advanced-stage HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers suggests pervasive tobacco consumption likely generates more aggressive tumors at HPV-associated oropharynx subsites than national averages. Comprehensive tobacco and HPV status should therefore be evaluated prior to considering treatment de-intensification regimens for HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in populations with high tobacco consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenen W Papenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jessica L Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Steven M Markwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Erik T Interval
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Phillip A Montague
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | | | - Scott A Weed
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Warren GW, Alberg AJ, Cummings KM, Dresler C. Smoking Cessation After a Cancer Diagnosis Is Associated With Improved Survival. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:705-708. [PMID: 32197939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, MUSC, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - Anthony J Alberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - K Michael Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MUSC, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Lee YJ, Na CJ, Botao L, Kim KH, Son YS. Quantitative insights into major constituents contained in or released by electronic cigarettes: Propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and nicotine. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134567. [PMID: 31751827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Generally, the liquid used in electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes), which is also called E-liquid, is composed of propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine, with many other miscellaneous ingredients. E-liquid is consumed mainly in the form of aerosol via inhalation by the e-cigarette user. The amount and composition of the aerosol generated during its consumption depend on various factors. In this study, the three major constituents (PG, VG, and nicotine) of E-cigarettes were analyzed in both liquid and aerosol samples from 50 commercial products. Their concentrations in the liquid (and aerosol at 3.4 V) samples were 538 (4 6 7), 482 (4 4 9), and 8.75 mg g-1 (7.91 mg g-1), respectively. The nicotine levels in the E-liquids measured in this study were normally 1.2 times greater than those specified by the manufacturers. Furthermore, the amount of liquid consumed increased proportionally as the voltage of the E- cigarette increased. The consumption rate of VG increased as the voltage of the E-cigarette increased, whereas that of PG and nicotine decreased. The results of our study confirm that the amounts of PG and VG generated through the use of E-cigarettes are noticeably larger than those from other tobacco products (such as traditional tobaccos and heat-not-burn products), although no such trend was evident in case of nicotine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jae Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Jin Na
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Liu Botao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youn-Suk Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kligerman S, Raptis C, Larsen B, Henry TS, Caporale A, Tazelaar H, Schiebler ML, Wehrli FW, Klein JS, Kanne J. Radiologic, Pathologic, Clinical, and Physiologic Findings of Electronic Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-associated Lung Injury (EVALI): Evolving Knowledge and Remaining Questions. Radiology 2020; 294:491-505. [PMID: 31990264 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020192585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Proposed as a safer alternative to smoking, the use of electronic cigarettes has not proven to be innocuous. With numerous deaths, there is an increasing degree of public interest in understanding the symptoms, imaging appearances, causes of, and treatment of electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). Patients with EVALI typically have a nonspecific clinical presentation characterized by a combination of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and constitutional symptoms. EVALI is a diagnosis of exclusion; the patient must elicit a history of recent vaping within 90 days, other etiologies must be eliminated, and chest imaging findings must be abnormal. Chest CT findings in EVALI most commonly show a pattern of acute lung injury on the spectrum of organizing pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damage. The pathologic pattern found depends on when in the evolution of the disease process the biopsy sample is taken. Other less common forms of lung injury, including acute eosinophilic pneumonia and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, have also been reported. Radiologists and pathologists help play an important role in the evaluation of patients suspected of having EVALI. Accurate and rapid identification may decrease morbidity and mortality by allowing for aggressive clinical management and glucocorticoid administration, which have been shown to decrease the severity of lung injury in some patients. In this review, the authors summarize the current state of the art for the imaging and pathologic findings of this disorder and outline a few of the major questions that remain to be answered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth Kligerman
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Costa Raptis
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Brandon Larsen
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Travis S Henry
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Alessandra Caporale
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Henry Tazelaar
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Jeffrey S Klein
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| | - Jeffrey Kanne
- From the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 200 W Arbor Dr, #8756, San Diego, CA 92013 (S.K.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.R.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (B.L., H.T.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (T.S.H.); Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (A.C., F.W.W.), Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S., J.K.); and Department of Radiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vt (J.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Coughlin SS, Vernon M, Majeed B, Clary C, Moore J, Islam K, Tingen MS. Tobacco Cessation, Rural Residence, and Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 6:1-4. [PMID: 33163626 PMCID: PMC7644114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Corresponding author: Professor Steven S. Coughlin, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, AE-1042, Augusta, GA 30912, Tel: (706) 721-2270;
| | - Marlo Vernon
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ban Majeed
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Catherine Clary
- Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Justin Moore
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - K.M. Islam
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Martha S. Tingen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Salloum RG, Huo J, Lee JH, Lee J, Dallery J, George T, Warren G. Tobacco and E-cigarette use among cancer survivors in the United States. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226110. [PMID: 31815948 PMCID: PMC6901228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited information exist on tobacco and e-cigarette use patterns in cancer survivors. The purpose of this study is to report on use patterns in cancer survivors compared with non-cancer participants from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Methods Sociodemographic data and tobacco product use were analyzed for 32,244 adult participants from the PATH Study in 2013–2014 by cancer status and age. Logistic regression examined the patterns of and factors associated with tobacco use by cancer status. Results Overall, cancer survivors represented 7.1% (n = 1,527) of participants, were older, and had a higher proportion of females and non-Hispanic whites than non-cancer participants. In cancer survivors, current and former cigarette smoking was reported in 12.7% and 32.9% respectively, compared with 18.5% and 19.0% in non-cancer adults. Current e-cigarette use was reported by 3.8% of survivors compared with 5.7% of non-cancer participants. Dual tobacco use was reported by 25.0% and poly use by 6.9% of cancer survivors who currently smoked. All other forms of current tobacco use were individually reported by <5% of survivors. Young adult cancer survivors (aged 18–44) reported the highest rates of current cigarette smoking (27.9%) and current e-cigarette use (11.8%). The effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and income on tobacco use status were comparable for cancer survivors and non-cancer participants. Cancer survivors who were younger, male, of lower educational attainment, and those diagnosed with a tobacco-related cancer were more likely to report current tobacco use. Conclusions Among cancer survivors, cigarette smoking remains the predominant form of tobacco use, although other tobacco/nicotine use and dual/poly use are common. The PATH Study provides detailed tobacco product use patterns in survivors, including their adoption of emerging alternative tobacco products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi G. Salloum
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jinhai Huo
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Juhan Lee
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jesse Dallery
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thomas George
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Graham Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
D'Angelo H, Rolland B, Adsit R, Baker TB, Rosenblum M, Pauk D, Morgan GD, Fiore MC. Tobacco Treatment Program Implementation at NCI Cancer Centers: Progress of the NCI Cancer Moonshot-Funded Cancer Center Cessation Initiative. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:735-740. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Qu Y, Szulejko JE, Kim KH, Jo SH. The effect of varying battery voltage output on the emission rate of carbonyls released from e-cigarette smoke. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Prevalence and correlates of dual tobacco use in cancer survivors. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:217-223. [PMID: 30671688 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-1132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tobacco use in cancer survivors remains a significant problem, however, the use of non-cigarette tobacco products (NCTPs) in this population is less understood. This study examined prevalence and correlates of tobacco use among cancer survivors who were never, current, and former cigarette users. Tobacco-related behaviors and quitting attitudes were compared between survivors dually using cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (ECs) and cigarette-only users. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, patients at Mid-South cancer centers (n = 629; 50.4% never, 17.8% current, and 31.8% former cigarette users) responded to an anonymous questionnaire about tobacco-related behaviors and quitting attitudes. RESULTS Among current cigarette users, 27.7% reported using two or more tobacco products. Most commonly, 15.2% of cigarettes users were using ECs. Compared to cigarette only use, dual use of tobacco products was associated with male gender (p < 0.0001), being single (p = 0.009), and a lung cancer diagnosis (p < 0.0001). Dual users of cigarettes and ECs were more likely to report a readiness to quit cigarettes within 6 months (p = 0.0317) and that a physician recommended ECs as a quit resource (p = 0.0361) compared to cigarette-only users. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that using more than one tobacco product is common among cancer survivor cigarette users. Dual use of cigarettes and ECs was associated with an increased readiness for cigarette cessation and a physician recommendation of ECs. Targeting potential dual use of tobacco products, particularly cigarettes and ECs, might be beneficial for cigarette cessation among cancer survivors.
Collapse
|
17
|
McGuigan A, Kelly P, Turkington RC, Jones C, Coleman HG, McCain RS. Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4846-4861. [PMID: 30487695 PMCID: PMC6250924 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i43.4846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1038] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health professionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to bring breakthroughs seen for other cancer sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McGuigan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kelly
- Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Turkington
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Jones
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mater Hospital, Belfast BT14 6AB, United Kingdom
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Stephen McCain
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Mater Hospital, Belfast BT14 6AB, United Kingdom
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qu Y, Kim KH, Szulejko JE. The effect of flavor content in e-liquids on e-cigarette emissions of carbonyl compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:324-333. [PMID: 29909173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of flavors on carbonyl compound (CC) emission factors (EF) from electronic cigarettes (ECs) vaping was investigated at the default vaping (voltage) setting in all experiments using a total of 21 lab-made e-liquid samples (five different types of retail flavorant bases: beverage/dessert/fruit/mint/tobacco). Each flavorant base was added to a separate unflavored base composed of a 1:1 mixture of propylene glycol/vegetable glycerol (PG/VG) at four levels (5/10/30/50% (v/v)). The e-liquid CC levels increased linearly with flavorant base content, 1.3-10.5 times (R2: 0.762-0.999). The vaping CC EFs increased linearly with flavorant base content (if ≥ 10%) from 1.0 to 92 times (R2: 0.431-0.998). For flavorant base content of 0%, 5%, and 10%, the EFs ranged from undetected to 0.11 μg puff-1 (acetone). The 40-year cancer risk due to formaldehyde (70 kg EC user inhaling 5% flavorant base content e-liquid: 120 puffs day-1) is estimated to be 2.0E-06 (highest) compared to 1.0E-06 for the 1:1 PG:VG base. Most formaldehyde vaped from the fruit flavored e-liquid was the flavorant base. The CC concentrations in EC liquids (before vaping) were approximately linear with e-liquid flavorant base content. Retail e-liquid product information labels should be guided to provide a complete list of all ingredients, their concentrations, and carbonyl compound EFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ehrenzeller MF, Mayer DK, Goldstein A. Smoking Prevalence and Management Among Cancer Survivors
. Oncol Nurs Forum 2018; 45:55-68. [PMID: 29251289 DOI: 10.1188/18.onf.55-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis can lead to development of potential treatment interactions, secondary cancers, and comorbid conditions. The purpose of this article is to examine the prevalence of smoking after diagnosis and present current management strategies.
. LITERATURE SEARCH The terms cancer, survivorship, behavior, smoking, and quitlines were searched in PubMed and CINAHL® from the start of the databases to December 2016. Statistics, guidelines, and background information were obtained from websites of organizations such as the American Cancer Society, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
. DATA EVALUATION Of 17 relevant articles, 12 were analyzed to identify variables among survivors who continued to smoke versus those who successfully quit. Five articles were analyzed to identify characteristics of successful smoking cessation interventions.
. SYNTHESIS Survivors who are younger, female, and not partnered and those who report less socioeconomic and psychosocial support may be at greater risk for continued smoking. Peer counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy exercises, and use of frameworks to guide interventions are unique properties of successful cessation interventions.
. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Continued research on cancer-specific tobacco cessation interventions and exploration of why current evidence-based therapies are not working in this population are warranted.
Collapse
|
20
|
Correa JB, Brandon KO, Meltzer LR, Hoehn HJ, Piñeiro B, Brandon TH, Simmons VN. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: Reasons for use, beliefs, and patient-provider communication. Psychooncology 2018; 27:1757-1764. [PMID: 29671928 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking tobacco cigarettes after a cancer diagnosis increases risk for several serious adverse outcomes. Thus, patients can significantly benefit from quitting smoking. Electronic cigarettes are an increasingly popular cessation method. Providers routinely ask about combustible cigarette use, yet little is known about use and communication surrounding e-cigarettes among patients with cancer. This study aims to describe patterns, beliefs, and communication with oncology providers about e-cigarette use of patients with cancer. METHODS Patients with cancer (N = 121) who currently used e-cigarettes were surveyed in a cross-sectional study about their patterns and reasons for use, beliefs, and perceptions of risk for e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and nicotine replacement therapies. Patient perspectives on provider communication regarding e-cigarettes were also assessed. RESULTS Most participants identified smoking cessation as the reason for initiating (81%) and continuing (60%) e-cigarette use. However, 51% of patients reported current dual use of combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes, and most patients reported never having discussed their use of e-cigarettes with their oncology provider (72%). Patients characterized e-cigarettes as less addictive, less expensive, less stigmatizing, and less likely to impact cancer treatment than combustible cigarettes (Ps < .05), and more satisfying, more useful for quitting smoking, and more effective at reducing cancer-related stress than nicotine replacement therapies (Ps < .05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with cancer who use e-cigarettes have positive attitudes toward these devices and use them to aid in smoking cessation. This study also highlights the need for improved patient-provider communication on the safety and efficacy of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John B Correa
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Karen O Brandon
- Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lauren R Meltzer
- Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hannah J Hoehn
- Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bárbara Piñeiro
- Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Thomas H Brandon
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Vani N Simmons
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Health Outcomes & Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Soo RA, Stone ECA, Cummings KM, Jett JR, Field JK, Groen HJM, Mulshine JL, Yatabe Y, Bubendorf L, Dacic S, Rami-Porta R, Detterbeck FC, Lim E, Asamura H, Donington J, Wakelee HA, Wu YL, Higgins K, Senan S, Solomon B, Kim DW, Johnson M, Yang JCH, Sequist LV, Shaw AT, Ahn MJ, Costa DB, Patel JD, Horn L, Gettinger S, Peters S, Wynes MW, Faivre-Finn C, Rudin CM, Tsao A, Baas P, Kelly RJ, Leighl NB, Scagliotti GV, Gandara DR, Hirsch FR, Spigel DR. Scientific Advances in Thoracic Oncology 2016. J Thorac Oncol 2017; 12:1183-1209. [PMID: 28579481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer care is rapidly changing with advances in genomic testing, the development of next-generation targeted kinase inhibitors, and the continued broad study of immunotherapy in new settings and potential combinations. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer and the Journal of Thoracic Oncology publish this annual update to help readers keep pace with these important developments. Experts in thoracic cancer and care provide focused updates across multiple areas, including prevention and early detection, molecular diagnostics, pathology and staging, surgery, adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for NSCLC, SCLC, and mesothelioma. Quality and value of care and perspectives on the future of lung cancer research and treatment have also been included in this concise review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Soo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, Singapore; School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Emily C A Stone
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Michael Cummings
- Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James L Mulshine
- Internal Medicine, Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sanja Dacic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ramon Rami-Porta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Network of Biomedical Research Centers in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Lung Cancer Group, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eric Lim
- Academic Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hisao Asamura
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jessica Donington
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Heather A Wakelee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kristin Higgins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Suresh Senan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - James C H Yang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Republic of China
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alice T Shaw
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel B Costa
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jyoti D Patel
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leora Horn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott Gettinger
- Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Solange Peters
- Medical Oncology and Thoracic Malignancies, Oncology Department, University Hospital Center Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murry W Wynes
- International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Radiotherapy Related Research, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anne Tsao
- Mesothelioma Program, Thoracic Chemo-Radiation Program, Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Baas
- Department of Chest Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronan J Kelly
- Deptartment of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Natasha B Leighl
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David R Gandara
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kiyohara K, Tabuchi T. Electronic cigarette use in restaurants and workplaces where combustible tobacco smoking is not allowed: an Internet survey in Japan. Tob Control 2017; 27:254-257. [PMID: 28601841 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to examine the experience of actual electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use in smoke-free areas of restaurants and workplaces and to explore the determinants associated with such use among Japanese adults who reported any experience using e-cigarettes (e-cigarette ever-users). METHODS An Internet-based self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted in 2015 on Japanese e-cigarette ever-users. The proportion of the respondents who had ever used or frequently used e-cigarettes in smoke-free restaurants and/or workplaces was calculated. Potential factors associated with e-cigarette use in those smoke-free areas were also examined by using multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS In total, 1243 e-cigarette ever-users (662 current and 581 former e-cigarette users) were analysed. The majority of them (1020/1243, 82.1%) were male and their mean age ± SD was 47.0±10.4 years. The proportion of those who had ever used e-cigarettes in smoke-free restaurants was 28.8% (358/1243) and that in smoke-free workplaces was 25.5% (317/1243), respectively. The proportion of those who had frequently used e-cigarettes in smoke-free restaurants was 18.5% (230/1243) and that in smoke-free workplaces was 16.3% (202/1243), respectively. In general, the proportion of e-cigarette use in those smoke-free areas was higher among those having a higher educational level than those having a lower educational level. CONCLUSION Among adult Japanese e-cigarette ever-users, approximately 26%-29% had ever used and 16%-19% had frequently used e-cigarettes in restaurants and/or workplaces where combustible tobacco smoking is not allowed. Policy-makers may need to establish explicit rules as to e-cigarette use in smoke-free environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kiyohara
- Department of Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Dautzenberg B, Garelik D. Patients with lung cancer: Are electronic cigarettes harmful or useful? Lung Cancer 2017; 105:42-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Shin DW, Kim YI, Kim SJ, Kim JS, Chong S, Park YS, Song SY, Lee JH, Ahn HK, Kim EY, Yang SH, Lee MK, Cho DG, Jang TW, Son JW, Ryu JS, Cho MJ. Lung cancer specialist physicians' attitudes towards e-cigarettes: A nationwide survey. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172568. [PMID: 28235068 PMCID: PMC5325291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite a sharp increase in e-cigarette use, there is debate about whether e-cigarettes are a viable alternative for harm reduction, and the forms that regulation should take. Healthcare providers can be effective in offering guidance to patients and their families and shaping regulatory policy. We described lung cancer specialists' attitudes toward e-cigarettes and its regulation. METHODS We undertook a nationwide survey of pulmonologists, thoracic surgeons, medical and radiological oncologists who are members of Korean Association for Lung Cancer. Survey items included beliefs and attitudes toward e-cigarettes, attitudes toward e-cigarette regulation and preparedness on discussing e-cigarettes with their patients. RESULTS Most respondents believed that e-cigarettes are not safer than conventional tobacco cigarettes (75.7%) or smokeless tobacco (83.2%), and feared that discussing e-cigarettes with the patients would encourage use (65.4%). They did not consider it a smoking cessation treatment (78.3%), and thus would not recommend it to smokers who do not want to quit (82.2%) or who failed to quit with conventional smoking cessation treatment (74.1%). Most respondents supported all examples of e-cigarette regulations, including the safety and quality check (97.8%), warning label (97.8%), advertisement ban (95.1%), restriction of flavoring (78.4%), minimum purchasing age (99.5%), and restriction of indoor use (94.6%). Most learned about e-cigarettes from media and advertisements, or conversation with patients rather than through professional scientific resources, and reported discomfort when discussing e-cigarette with patients. CONCLUSION Lung cancer specialist physicians in Korea doubt the safety of e-cigarette and use of e-cigarette as smoking cessation treatment, and supported strict regulation. However, only 20% reported that they obtained information on e-cigarettes from the scientific literature and many lacked adequate knowledge based on scientific evidence, suggesting the need for better preparedness. Nevertheless, the views of professionals revealed from our study could help to develop clinical guidelines and regulatory guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine & Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Survivorship Clinic, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, lnha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - SeMin Chong
- Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Yun Song
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jin Han Lee
- Medical Correspondent & Social Policy Desk, Donga-A Ilbo, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sei Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Myoung Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Deog Gon Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tae Won Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Medical College, Pusan, Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Seon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, lnha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Moon-June Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lucchiari C, Masiero M, Botturi A, Pravettoni G. Helping patients to reduce tobacco consumption in oncology: a narrative review. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1136. [PMID: 27504234 PMCID: PMC4954805 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present overview focuses on evidence of smoking cessation approaches in oncology settings with the aim to provide health personnel a critical perspective on how to help their patients. This narrative review is structured in two main sections: the first one describes the psycho-cognitive variables involved in the decision to continue smoking after a cancer diagnosis and during the treatment; the second section relates methods and tools may be recommended, being evidence-based, to support smoking cessation in oncology settings. Active smoking increases not only susceptibility to common cancers in the general population, but also increases disease severity and comorbidities in cancer patients. Nowadays, scientific evidence has identified many strategies to give up smoking, but a lack of knowledge exists for treatment of nicotine dependence in the cancer population. Health personnel is often ambiguous when approaching the problem, while their contribution is essential in guiding patients towards healthier choices. We argue that smoking treatments for cancer patients deserve more attention and that clinical features, individual characteristics and needs of the patient should be assessed in order to increase the attempts success rate. Health personnel that daily work and interact with cancer patients and their caregivers have a fundamental role in the promotion of the health changing. For this reason, it is important that they have adequate knowledge and resources in order to support cancer patients to stop tobacco cigarette smoking and promoting and healthier lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Lucchiari
- />Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Masiero
- />Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- />Applied Research Unit for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Botturi
- />Department of Neurooncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- />Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- />Applied Research Unit for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rogér JM, Abayon M, Elad S, Kolokythas A. Oral Trauma and Tooth Avulsion Following Explosion of E-Cigarette. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 74:1181-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
28
|
Sherratt FC, Newson L, Field JK. Electronic cigarettes: a survey of perceived patient use and attitudes among members of the British thoracic oncology group. Respir Res 2016; 17:55. [PMID: 27184050 PMCID: PMC4869376 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking cessation following lung cancer diagnosis has been found to improve several patient outcomes. Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is now prevalent within Great Britain, however, use and practice among patients with lung cancer has not as yet been explored. The current study aims to explore e-cigarette use among patients and examine current practice among clinicians. The results have important implications for future policy and practice. Methods Members of The British Thoracic Oncology Group (BTOG) were contacted via several e-circulations (N = 2,009), requesting them to complete an online survey. Of these, 7.7 % (N = 154) completed the survey, which explored participant demographics and smoking history, perceptions of patient e-cigarette use, practitioner knowledge regarding sources of guidance pertaining to e-cigarettes, and practitioner advice. Results Practitioners frequently observed e-cigarette use among patients with lung cancer. The majority of practitioners (81.4 %) reported responding to patient queries pertaining to e-cigarettes within the past year; however, far fewer (21.0 %) felt confident providing patients with e-cigarette advice. Practitioner confidence was found to differentiate by gender (p = 0.012) and employment speciality (p = 0.030), with nurses reporting particularly low levels of confidence in advising. The results also demonstrate extensive variability regarding the practitioner advice content. Conclusions The results demonstrate that patients refer to practitioners as a source of e-cigarette guidance, yet few practitioners feel confident advising. The absence of evidence-based guidance may have contributed towards the exhibited inconsistencies in practitioner advice. The findings highlight that training should be delivered to equip practitioners with the knowledge and confidence to advise patients effectively; this could subsequently improve smoking cessation rates and patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Sherratt
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, , L69 3GB, UK.
| | - Lisa Newson
- Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, The Apex Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fucito LM, Czabafy S, Hendricks PS, Kotsen C, Richardson D, Toll BA. Pairing smoking-cessation services with lung cancer screening: A clinical guideline from the Association for the Treatment of Tobacco Use and Dependence and the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Cancer 2016; 122:1150-9. [PMID: 26916412 PMCID: PMC4828323 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cessation is crucial for reducing cancer risk and premature mortality. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended annual lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services recently approved lung screening as a benefit for patients ages 55 to 77 years who have a 30 pack-year history. The Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) and the Association for the Treatment of Tobacco Use and Dependence (ATTUD) developed the guideline described in this commentary based on an illustrative literature review to present the evidence for smoking-cessation health benefits in this high-risk group and to provide clinical recommendations for integrating evidence-based smoking-cessation treatment with lung cancer screening. Unfortunately, extant data on lung cancer screening participants were scarce at the time this guideline was written. However, in this review, the authors summarize the sufficient evidence on the benefits of smoking cessation and the efficacy of smoking-cessation interventions for smokers ages 55 to 77 years to provide smoking-cessation interventions for smokers who seek lung cancer screening. It is concluded that smokers who present for lung cancer screening should be encouraged to quit smoking at each visit. Access to evidence-based smoking-cessation interventions should be provided to all smokers regardless of scan results, and motivation to quit should not be a necessary precondition for treatment. Follow-up contacts to support smoking-cessation efforts should be arranged for smokers. Evidence-based behavioral strategies should be used at each visit to motivate smokers who are unwilling to try quitting/reducing smoking or to try evidence-based treatments that may lead to eventual cessation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Fucito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale-New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sharon Czabafy
- Wellspan Ephrata Community Hospital Wellness Center, Stevens, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter S. Hendricks
- Department of Human Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Chris Kotsen
- Tobacco Quitcenter, Lung Cancer Institute, Steeplechase Cancer Center, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Somerville, New Jersey
| | - Donna Richardson
- Tobacco Dependence Program, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, School of Public Health, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Rutgers, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Benjamin A. Toll
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Court A. E-cigarettes: Guiding patients in a time of uncertainty. Can Oncol Nurs J 2016; 26:83-85. [PMID: 31148738 PMCID: PMC6516324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emerging popularity of electronic cigarettes, oncology nurses need to be well informed in order to guide patients in making choices that support a healthy lifestyle. Essential information is provided in this article through a review of conventional and electronic cigarette use and current recommendations. Concerns associated with electronic cigarettes are discussed including nicotine addiction, lack of regulation, and lack of evidence as a smoking cessation aid. The potential for harm reduction is also highlighted. Suggestions are provided for how patients with cancer can be guided regarding e-cigarette use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Court
- Interprofessional Clinical Documentation Team, Clinical Educator - Nursing, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Court A. [Not Available]. Can Oncol Nurs J 2016; 26:86-89. [PMID: 31148736 PMCID: PMC6516329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
L’engouement récent pour la cigarette électronique exige que les infirmières en oncologie soient bien informées pour mieux aider leurs patients à faire des choix favorisant un mode de vie sain. Cet article donne de l’information essentielle sur le sujet : il brosse d’abord le portrait de la consommation de la cigarette, tant traditionnelle qu’électronique, puis fait état des recommandations actuelles s’appliquant à la cigarette électronique avant d’aborder les préoccupations qui y sont liées : dépendance à la nicotine, absence de réglementation et manque de preuves quant à son efficacité dans le processus d’abandon tabagique. L’utilité de la cigarette électronique dans la réduction des méfaits sur la santé est également soulignée. Finalement, des suggestions sont faites quant à la façon de guider les patients cancéreux désirant utiliser la cigarette électronique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Court
- Interprofessional Clinical Documentation Team, Clinical Educator - Nursing, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dautzenberg B, Garelik D. WITHDRAWN: Patients with lung cancer: Are electronic cigarettes harmful, useful? Lung Cancer 2015:S0169-5002(15)30123-9. [PMID: 26774136 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Dautzenberg
- Unité tabac Service de Pneumologie et réanimation respiratoire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix (APHP), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie- UPMC, Paris 6, France; Paris Sans Tabac (PST), France.
| | - Daniel Garelik
- Unité tabac Service de Pneumologie et réanimation respiratoire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix (APHP), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Warren GW, Ward KD. Integration of tobacco cessation services into multidisciplinary lung cancer care: rationale, state of the art, and future directions. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 4:339-52. [PMID: 26380175 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2015.07.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco use is the largest risk factor for lung cancer and many lung cancer patients still smoke at the time of diagnosis. Although clinical practice guidelines recommend that all patients receive evidence-based tobacco treatment, implementation of these services in oncology practices is inconsistent and inadequate. Multidisciplinary lung cancer treatment programs offer an ideal environment to optimally deliver effective smoking cessation services. This article reviews best practice recommendations and current status of tobacco treatment for oncology patients, and provides recommendations to optimize delivery of tobacco treatment in multidisciplinary practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Warren
- 1 Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA ; 2 Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kenneth D Ward
- 1 Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA ; 2 Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Brandon TH, Goniewicz ML, Hanna NH, Hatsukami DK, Herbst RS, Hobin JA, Ostroff JS, Shields PG, Toll BA, Tyne CA, Viswanath K, Warren GW. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: a policy statement from the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:952-63. [PMID: 25572671 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.4465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Combustible tobacco use remains the number-one preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which include electronic cigarettes, are devices capable of delivering nicotine in an aerosolized form. ENDS use by both adults and youth has increased rapidly, and some have advocated these products could serve as harm-reduction devices and smoking cessation aids. ENDS may be beneficial if they reduce smoking rates or prevent or reduce the known adverse health effects of smoking. However, ENDS may also be harmful, particularly to youth, if they increase the likelihood that nonsmokers or former smokers will use combustible tobacco products or if they discourage smokers from quitting. The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recognize the potential ENDS have to alter patterns of tobacco use and affect the health of the public; however, definitive data are lacking. The AACR and ASCO recommend additional research on these devices, including assessing the health impacts of ENDS, understanding patterns of ENDS use, and determining what role ENDS have in cessation. Key policy recommendations include supporting federal, state, and local regulation of ENDS; requiring manufacturers to register with the US Food and Drug Administration and report all product ingredients, requiring childproof caps on ENDS liquids, and including warning labels on products and their advertisements; prohibiting youth-oriented marketing and sales; prohibiting child-friendly ENDS flavors; and prohibiting ENDS use in places where cigarette smoking is prohibited. This policy statement was developed by a joint writing group composed of members from the Tobacco and Cancer Subcommittee of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Science Policy and Government Affairs (SPGA) Committee and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Tobacco Cessation and Control Subcommittee of the Cancer Prevention Committee (CaPC). The statement was reviewed by both parent committees (ie, the AACR SPGA Committee and the ASCO CaPC) and was approved by the AACR Boards of Directors on August 6, 2014, and the ASCO Executive Committee on September 18, 2014. This policy statement was published jointly by invitation and consent in both Clinical Cancer Research and Journal of Clinical Oncology. Copyright 2015 American Association for Cancer Research and American Society of Clinical Oncology. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or storage in any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission by the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Brandon
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Maciej L Goniewicz
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Nasser H Hanna
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Dorothy K Hatsukami
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
| | - Jennifer A Hobin
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Jamie S Ostroff
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Peter G Shields
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Benjamin A Toll
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Courtney A Tyne
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Kasisomayajula Viswanath
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Graham W Warren
- Thomas H. Brandon, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Maciej L. Goniewicz, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Jamie S. Ostroff, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Nasser H. Hanna, Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN; Roy S. Herbst and Benjamin A. Toll, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; Jennifer A. Hobin, American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA; Peter G. Shields, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; Courtney A. Tyne, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and Graham W. Warren, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Brandon TH, Goniewicz ML, Hanna NH, Hatsukami DK, Herbst RS, Hobin JA, Ostroff JS, Shields PG, Toll BA, Tyne CA, Viswanath K, Warren GW. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: a policy statement from the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:514-25. [PMID: 25573384 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Combustible tobacco use remains the number one preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which include e-cigarettes, are devices capable of delivering nicotine in an aerosolized form. ENDS use by both adults and youth has increased rapidly, and some have advocated these products could serve as harm-reduction devices and smoking cessation aids. ENDS may be beneficial if they reduce smoking rates or prevent or reduce the known adverse health effects of smoking. However, ENDS may also be harmful, particularly to youth, if they increase the likelihood that nonsmokers or formers smokers will use combustible tobacco products or if they discourage smokers from quitting. The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recognize the potential ENDS have to alter patterns of tobacco use and affect the public's health; however, definitive data are lacking. AACR and ASCO recommend additional research on these devices, including assessing the health impacts of ENDS, understanding patterns of ENDS use, and determining what role ENDS have in cessation. Key policy recommendations include supporting federal, state, and local regulation of ENDS; requiring manufacturers to register with the FDA and report all product ingredients, requiring childproof caps on ENDS liquids, and including warning labels on products and their advertisements; prohibiting youth-oriented marketing and sales; prohibiting child-friendly ENDS flavors; and prohibiting ENDS use in places where cigarette smoking is prohibited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nasser H Hanna
- Indiana University Health Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Roy S Herbst
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Jennifer A Hobin
- The American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Graham W Warren
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Warren GW, Sobus S, Gritz ER. The biological and clinical effects of smoking by patients with cancer and strategies to implement evidence-based tobacco cessation support. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:e568-80. [PMID: 25439699 PMCID: PMC5977974 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use is an established risk factor for the development of several cancers; however, far less work has been done to understand the effects of continued smoking on cancer treatment outcomes, and structured tobacco cessation efforts are not well incorporated into the standard care for patients with cancer. In this Review we discuss the known biological effects of smoking on cancer cell biology and emphasise the clinical effects of continued smoking in patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Although evidence supports the need for inclusion of dedicated tobacco cessation efforts for patients with cancer, clinicians should consider the methods used to provide evidence-based tobacco cessation support and the available resources to deliver and maintain consistent tobacco cessation support. We also address the variables to consider in the design and implementation of a sustainable tobacco cessation programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Samantha Sobus
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ellen R Gritz
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Carbonyl compounds generated from electronic cigarettes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:11192-200. [PMID: 25353061 PMCID: PMC4245608 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111111192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are advertised as being safer than tobacco cigarettes products as the chemical compounds inhaled from e-cigarettes are believed to be fewer and less toxic than those from tobacco cigarettes. Therefore, continuous careful monitoring and risk management of e-cigarettes should be implemented, with the aim of protecting and promoting public health worldwide. Moreover, basic scientific data are required for the regulation of e-cigarette. To date, there have been reports of many hazardous chemical compounds generated from e-cigarettes, particularly carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glyoxal, which are often found in e-cigarette aerosols. These carbonyl compounds are incidentally generated by the oxidation of e-liquid (liquid in e-cigarette; glycerol and glycols) when the liquid comes in contact with the heated nichrome wire. The compositions and concentrations of these compounds vary depending on the type of e-liquid and the battery voltage. In some cases, extremely high concentrations of these carbonyl compounds are generated, and may contribute to various health effects. Suppliers, risk management organizations, and users of e-cigarettes should be aware of this phenomenon.
Collapse
|
38
|
Borderud SP, Li Y, Burkhalter JE, Sheffer CE, Ostroff JS. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: characteristics of electronic cigarette users and their smoking cessation outcomes. Cancer 2014; 120:3527-35. [PMID: 25252116 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis increases the risk of adverse health outcomes, patients with cancer are strongly advised to quit. Despite a current lack of evidence regarding their safety and effectiveness as a cessation tool, electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular. To guide oncologists' communication with their patients about E-cigarette use, this article provides what to the authors' knowledge is the first published clinical data regarding E-cigarette use and cessation outcomes among patients with cancer. METHODS A total of 1074 participants included smokers (patients with cancer) who recently enrolled in a tobacco treatment program at a comprehensive cancer center. Standard demographic, tobacco use history, and follow-up cessation outcomes were assessed. RESULTS A 3-fold increase in E-cigarette use was observed from 2012 to 2013 (10.6% vs 38.5%). E-cigarette users were more nicotine dependent than nonusers, had more prior quit attempts, and were more likely to be diagnosed with thoracic and head or neck cancers. Using a complete case analysis, E-cigarette users were as likely to be smoking at the time of follow-up as nonusers (odds ratio, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.5-1.7). Using an intention-to-treat analysis, E-cigarette users were twice as likely to be smoking at the time of follow-up as nonusers (odds ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-3.3). CONCLUSIONS The high rate of E-cigarette use observed is consistent with recent articles highlighting increased E-cigarette use in the general population. The current longitudinal findings raise doubts concerning the usefulness of E-cigarettes for facilitating smoking cessation among patients with cancer. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of E-cigarettes as a cessation treatment for patients with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P Borderud
- Behavioral Sciences Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lam DC, Nana A, Eastwood PR. Electronic cigarettes: ‘Vaping’ has unproven benefits and potential harm. Respirology 2014; 19:945-7. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David C.L. Lam
- Department of Medicine; University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Arth Nana
- Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis; Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; Mahidol University; Thailand
| | - Peter R. Eastwood
- Centre for Sleep Science; School of Anatomy; Physiology and Human Biology; University of Western Australia; Perth Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Printz C. Regulating E-cigarettes: a rule proposed by the FDA aims to extend authority to E-cigarettes, other tobacco products. Cancer 2014; 120:2069-71. [PMID: 24985247 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
41
|
Harrell PT, Simmons VN, Correa JB, Padhya TA, Brandon TH. Electronic nicotine delivery systems ("e-cigarettes"): review of safety and smoking cessation efficacy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 151:381-93. [PMID: 24898072 DOI: 10.1177/0194599814536847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cigarette smoking is common among cancer patients and is associated with negative outcomes. Electronic nicotine delivery systems ("e-cigarettes") are rapidly growing in popularity and use, but there is limited information on their safety or effectiveness in helping individuals quit smoking. DATA SOURCES The authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, and additional sources for published empirical data on safety and use of electronic cigarettes as an aid to quit smoking. REVIEW METHODS We conducted a structured search of the current literature up to and including November 2013. RESULTS E-cigarettes currently vary widely in their contents and are sometimes inconsistent with labeling. Compared to tobacco cigarettes, available evidence suggests that e-cigarettes are often substantially lower in toxic content, cytotoxicity, associated adverse effects, and secondhand toxicity exposure. Data on the use of e-cigarettes for quitting smoking are suggestive but ultimately inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians are advised to be aware that the use of e-cigarettes, especially among cigarette smokers, is growing rapidly. These devices are unregulated, of unknown safety, and of uncertain benefit in quitting smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE In the absence of further data or regulation, oncologists are advised to discuss the known and unknown safety and efficacy information on e-cigarettes with interested patients and to encourage patients to first try FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Truman Harrell
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vani Nath Simmons
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - John Bernard Correa
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Tapan Ashvin Padhya
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas Henry Brandon
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|