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Goluch Z, Wierzbicka-Rucińska A, Książek E. Nutrition in Gilbert's Syndrome-A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials According to the PRISMA Statement. Nutrients 2024; 16:2247. [PMID: 39064690 PMCID: PMC11280271 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gilbert syndrome is the most common hyperbilirubinemia, associated with a mutation in the UGT1A1 bilirubin gene, which produces an enzyme that conjugates bilirubin with glucuronic acid. Episodes of jaundice occurring in GS negatively affect patients' quality of life. This systematic review aimed to analyze clinical studies regarding nutrition in people with GS. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines and utilized the Ebsco, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to search clinical trials focused on diet/nutrition in GS (1963-2023 years). The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. As a result, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. The research mainly focused on the impact of caloric restriction, consumption of various diet variants, and vegetables and fruits on hyperbilirubinemia and metabolic health. A nutritional intervention consisting of not applying excessive calorie restrictions and consuming fats and biologically active compounds in vegetables and fruits (Cruciferae, Apiaceous, Rutaceae) may prevent the occurrence of jaundice episodes. It is justified to conduct further research on detecting such compounds in food, which, by influencing the expression of the UGT liver enzyme gene, could contribute to regulating bilirubin concentration in the blood of people with GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Goluch
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka-Rucińska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Książek
- Department of Agricultural Engineering and Quality Analysis, Wrocław University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland;
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Charalampidi A, Kordou Z, Tsermpini EE, Bosganas P, Chantratita W, Fukunaga K, Mushiroda T, Patrinos GP, Koromina M. Pharmacogenomics variants are associated with BMI differences between individuals with bipolar and other psychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:749-760. [PMID: 34410167 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Regardless of the plethora of next-generation sequencing studies in the field of pharmacogenomics (PGx), the potential effect of covariate variables on PGx response within deeply phenotyped cohorts remains unexplored. Materials & methods: We explored with advanced statistical methods the potential influence of BMI, as a covariate variable, on PGx response in a Greek cohort with psychiatric disorders. Results: Nine PGx variants within UGT1A6, SLC22A4, GSTP1, CYP4B1, CES1, SLC29A3 and DPYD were associated with altered BMI in different psychiatric disorder groups. Carriers of rs2070959 (UGT1A6), rs199861210 (SLC29A3) and rs2297595 (DPYD) were also characterized by significant changes in the mean BMI, depending on the presence of psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: Specific PGx variants are significantly associated with BMI in a Greek cohort with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggeliki Charalampidi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoe Kordou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Bosganas
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Wasun Chantratita
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Koya Fukunaga
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taisei Mushiroda
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - George P Patrinos
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Zayed Center of Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Maria Koromina
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,The Golden Helix Foundation, London, UK
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Kang LL, Liu ZL, Zhang HD. Gilbert’s syndrome coexisting with hereditary spherocytosis might not be rare: Six case reports. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2001-2008. [PMID: 32518793 PMCID: PMC7262690 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i10.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both Gilbert's syndrome (GS) and hereditary spherocytosis (HS) are common genetic disorders. However, comorbidity of GS with HS has always been considered a rare phenomenon, and it can impede accurate diagnoses in the presence of isolated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
CASE SUMMARY In a study on Levitt’s carbon monoxide (CO) breath test for the differential diagnosis of isolated hyperbilirubinemia, we found six GS patients with HS in 6 mo. The patients, including five males and one female, aged 25-58 years, were from four families and generally in good health. Their chronic fluctuating jaundice and/or hyperbilirubinemia had been diagnosed as simple constitutional jaundice for 6-30 years. Liver function tests showed isolated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with serum total bilirubin ranging from 20.7-75.4 μmol/L. Blood hemoglobin was normal in five cases, and slightly decreased in one (11.5 g/dL). Overt hemolytic signs were absent, while erythrocyte lifespan determined by the newly developed Levitt’s CO breath test was significantly short (15-50 d), definitely demonstrating the presence of hemolysis. Given that their unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia compared inappropriately with hemolytic severity, as indicated by the hemoglobin level, further combined genetic tests for both UGT1A1 and hereditary erythrocyte deficiencies were conducted. These tests confirmed, at last, the coexistence of GS with HS.
CONCLUSION Comorbidity of GS and HS might not be uncommon in isolated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. While CO breath test would sensitively detect the hemolysis, the discordance between the hyperbilirubinemia and hemoglobin level could strongly indicate the coexistence of GS and HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ze-Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hou-De Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Breath Test Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong Province, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild hemolysis is difficult to determinate by traditional methods, and its role in Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is unclear. The main aims were to inspect the erythrocyte (RBC) survival in GS by using Levitt's carbon monoxide (CO) breath test and to assess its contribution to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS Fifty subjects with GS and 1 with type-II Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CN2) received RBC lifespan measurement with Levitt's CO breath test. Mean RBC lifespan was compared with normal referral value. Correlations of serum total bilirubin (TB) with RBC lifespan, blood panel data, demographic factors, and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) mutation load were calculated by Spearman analysis. Susceptibility factors for mild hemolysis were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS The mean RBC lifespan of the GS subjects was significantly shorter than the normal reference value (95.4 ± 28.9 days vs 126 days; t = -7.504, P < .01), with 30.0% below the lower limit of the normal reference range (75 days). The RBC lifespan of the participant with CN2 was 82 days. Serum TB correlated positively with UGT1A1 mutation load (γ = 0.281, P = .048), hemoglobin (γ = .359, P = .010) and hematocrit (γ = 0.365, P = .010), but negatively with RBC lifespan (γ = -0.336, P = .017). No significant susceptibility factors for mild hemolysis were found. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that mild hemolysis indeed, exists in a portion of patients with GS and might serve as an important contributor to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in addition to UGT1A1 polymorphism. Further studies on the mechanism and the potential risks in various medical treatments might be wanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical University
| | - Yong-Jian Ma
- Guangdong Breath Test Engineering and Technology Research Center
- Institute of Breath Test Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hou-De Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanshan Hospital, Guangdong Medical University
- Guangdong Breath Test Engineering and Technology Research Center
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Guo F, Zhuang X, Han M, Lin W. Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera protect against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, and suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Food Funct 2020; 11:4485-4498. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00575d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
EPP protected against hepatic injury induced by CCl4-derived reactive intermediates through the suppression of hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety
- School of Public Health
- Fujian Medical University
- FuZhou 350122
- P.R. China
| | - Xinyun Zhuang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety
- School of Public Health
- Fujian Medical University
- FuZhou 350122
- P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety
- School of Public Health
- Fujian Medical University
- FuZhou 350122
- P.R. China
| | - Wenting Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety
- School of Public Health
- Fujian Medical University
- FuZhou 350122
- P.R. China
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Gammal RS, Court MH, Haidar CE, Iwuchukwu OF, Gaur AH, Alvarellos M, Guillemette C, Lennox JL, Whirl‐Carrillo M, Brummel SS, Ratain MJ, Klein TE, Schackman BR, Caudle KE, Haas DW. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for UGT1A1 and Atazanavir Prescribing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 99:363-9. [PMID: 26417955 PMCID: PMC4785051 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The antiretroviral protease inhibitor atazanavir inhibits hepatic uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1, thereby preventing the glucuronidation and elimination of bilirubin. Resultant indirect hyperbilirubinemia with jaundice can cause premature discontinuation of atazanavir. Risk for bilirubin-related discontinuation is highest among individuals who carry two UGT1A1 decreased function alleles (UGT1A1*28 or *37). We summarize published literature that supports this association and provide recommendations for atazanavir prescribing when UGT1A1 genotype is known (updates at www.pharmgkb.org).
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Affiliation(s)
- RS Gammal
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - MH Court
- Individualized Medicine Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesWashington State University College of Veterinary MedicinePullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - CE Haidar
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - OF Iwuchukwu
- Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesFairleigh Dickinson University School of PharmacyFlorham ParkNew JerseyUSA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - AH Gaur
- Department of Infectious DiseasesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - M Alvarellos
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - C Guillemette
- Laval University CHU de Québec Research CenterQuebecQuebecCanada
| | - JL Lennox
- Division of Infectious DiseaseEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - SS Brummel
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS ResearchHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - MJ Ratain
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - TE Klein
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - BR Schackman
- Department of Healthcare Policy and ResearchWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - KE Caudle
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - DW Haas
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Pathology, Microbiology & ImmunologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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Mohamed SY, Emara MH, Hussien HI, Elsadek HM. Changes in portal blood flow and liver functions in cirrhotics during Ramadan fasting in the summer; a pilot study. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2016; 9:180-8. [PMID: 27458510 PMCID: PMC4947132 DOI: pmid/27458510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Assessment of short term changes in portal blood flow and long term changes in liver functions in cirrhotic patients who chose to fast during the month of Ramadan in summer. BACKGROUND During Ramadan, healthy Muslims obligated to fast from predawn to sunset. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty cirrhotic patients intended to fast during the month of Ramadan in the year 2014, were examined by Congestion index (CI) as a non-invasive indicator of short term changes in the portal blood flow, while liver function tests were determined as an indicator of long term changes in liver functions. RESULTS A total of 38 patients completed the whole month fasting and two patients discontinued fasting due to variceal bleeding. The complicated patients were 7. CI showed a statistically significant increase from fasting to postprandial status (P<0.001), with statistically significant increases from fasting to postprandial status in Child class A (P<0.001), and B (P<0.001). We did not find a statistical significance between patients with complications and those without complications (P=0.6). There was a statistically significant rise in the serum bilirubin after Ramadan. Deterioration noticed as advanced Child classes, development of lower limb edema, increasing ascites, increasing jaundice and overt encephalopathy. CONCLUSION Cirrhotic patients showed significant short-term changes in the portal blood flow. However, these changes are not linked to complications or deterioration of liver functions and accommodated especially in patients with Child class A and B. Child class C patients should not fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salem Y Mohamed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Emara
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Hala Im Hussien
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Hany M Elsadek
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Abstract
Genetic variants in haem metabolism enzymes can be predisposition factors for adverse reactions in some individuals. New areas of haem biology may also be associated with idiosyncratic effects which are yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Vágány
- MRC Toxicology Unit
- Hodgkin Building
- University of Leicester
- Leicester LE1 9HN
- UK
| | - Andrew G. Smith
- MRC Toxicology Unit
- Hodgkin Building
- University of Leicester
- Leicester LE1 9HN
- UK
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Bilirubin, platelet activation and heart disease: a missing link to cardiovascular protection in Gilbert's syndrome? Atherosclerosis 2014; 239:73-84. [PMID: 25576848 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a relatively common condition, inducing a benign, non-hemolytic, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Gilbert's Syndrome is associated with mutation in the Uridine Glucuronosyl Transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene promoter, reducing UGT1A1 activity, which normally conjugates bilirubin allowing its elimination from the blood. Individuals with GS demonstrate mildly elevated plasma antioxidant capacity caused by elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), reduced thiols and glutathione. Interestingly, the development of, and risk of mortality from, cardiovascular disease is remarkably reduced in GS individuals. An explanation for this protection may be explained by bilirubin's ability to inhibit multiple processes that induce platelet hyper-reactivity and thrombosis, thus far under-appreciated in the literature. Reactive oxygen species are produced continuously via metabolic processes and have the potential to oxidatively modify proteins and lipids within cell membranes, which may encourage the development of thrombosis and CVDs. Oxidative stress induced platelet hyper-reactivity significantly increases the risk of thrombosis, which can potentially lead to tissue infarction. Here, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which increased antioxidant status might influence platelet function and link this to cardiovascular protection in GS. In summary, this is the first article to discuss the possible role of bilirubin as an anti-thrombotic agent, which inhibits platelet activation and potentially, organ infarction, which could contribute to the reduced mortality rate in mildly hyperbilirbinemic individuals.
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UGT1A1*28 polymorphism and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: a Danish case-control study. Pediatr Res 2014; 76:459-63. [PMID: 25105254 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a possible risk factor in the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant, and the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism is the main genetic cause of variation in plasma bilirubin in Western Europe. METHODS In a case-control study of 665 incident cases of ALL in childhood in Denmark 1982-2010 and 1,379 controls, associations between UGT1A1*28 genotypes and ALL in childhood were estimated as odds ratios by logistic regression with adjustment for sex and birth decade. Subgroup analyses were carried out by age at onset in three groups, and on the ALL subtypes precursor B-cell, T-cell, and t(12;21) positive status. Cases were identified in The Danish Registry of Childhood Cancer, and genotypes were estimated from dried blood spots stored in The Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank. Controls were newborns with blood spots taken right before and after a case. RESULTS We found no association between ALL in childhood and UGT1A1*28 genotypes. The odds ratio was 1.01 (0.88-1.17) for heterozygotes and 1.03 (0.78-1.36) for homozygotes. Also, no associations were found in the subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION We found no association between the UGT1A1*28 genotypes and ALL in children.
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Potential cardiovascular risk protection of bilirubin in end-stage renal disease patients under hemodialysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:175286. [PMID: 25276769 PMCID: PMC4174976 DOI: 10.1155/2014/175286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the potential cardiovascular risk protection of bilirubin in hemodialysis (HD) patients. An enlarged set of studies were evaluated in 191 HD patients, including hematological study, lipid profile, iron metabolism, nutritional, inflammatory markers, and dialysis adequacy. The TA duplication screening in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 A1 (UGT1A1) promoter region was also performed. The UGT1A1 genotype frequencies in HD patients were 49.2%, 42.4%, and 8.4% for 6/6, 6/7, and 7/7 genotypes, respectively. Although no difference was found in UGT1A1 genotype distribution between the three tertiles of bilirubin, significant differences were found with increasing bilirubin levels, namely, a decrease in platelet, leukocyte, and lymphocyte counts, transferrin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), ox-LDL/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein (Apo) A, Apo B, and interleukin-6 serum levels and a significant increased concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count, iron, transferrin saturation, Apo A/Apo B ratio, adiponectin, and paraoxonase 1 serum levels. After adjustment for age these results remained significant. Our data suggest that higher bilirubin levels are associated with beneficial effects in HD patients, by improving lipid profile and reducing the inflammatory grade, which might contribute to increase in iron availability. These results suggest a potential cardiovascular risk protection of bilirubin in HD patients.
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Higher serum direct bilirubin levels were associated with a lower risk of incident chronic kidney disease in middle aged Korean men. PLoS One 2014; 9:e75178. [PMID: 24586219 PMCID: PMC3930500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between serum bilirubin levels and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between serum bilirubin concentration (total, direct, and indirect) and the risk of incident CKD. Methods and Findings Longitudinal cohort study of 12,823 Korean male workers 30 to 59 years old without CKD or proteinuria at baseline participating in medical health checkup program in a large worksite. Study participants were followed for incident CKD from 2002 through 2011. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by using the CKD-EPI equation. CKD was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Parametric Cox models and pooled logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for incident CKD. We observed 238 incident cases of CKD during 70,515.8 person-years of follow-up. In age-adjusted models, the hazard ratios for CKD comparing quartiles 2–4 vs. quartile 1 of serum direct bilirubin were 0.93 (95% CI 0.67–1.28), 0.88 (0.60–1.27) and 0.60 (0.42–0.88), respectively. In multivariable models, the adjusted hazard ratio for CKD comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of serum direct bilirubin levels was 0.60 (95% CI 0.41–0.87; P trend = 0.01). Neither serum total nor indirect bilirubin levels were significantly associated with the incidence of CKD. Conclusions Higher serum direct bilirubin levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of developing CKD, even adjusting for a variety of cardiometabolic parameters. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this association and to establish the role of serum direct bilirubin as a marker for CKD risk.
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Rodrigues C, Rocha S, Nascimento H, Vieira E, Santos R, Santos-Silva A, Costa E, Bronze-da-Rocha E. Bilirubin levels and redox status in a young healthy population. Acta Haematol 2013; 130:57-60. [PMID: 23486163 DOI: 10.1159/000346429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Dai X, Wu C, He Y, Gui L, Zhou L, Guo H, Yuan J, Yang B, Li J, Deng Q, Huang S, Guan L, Hu D, Zhu J, Min X, Lang M, Li D, Yang H, Hu FB, Lin D, Wu T, He M. A genome-wide association study for serum bilirubin levels and gene-environment interaction in a Chinese population. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:293-300. [PMID: 23371916 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bilirubin is an effective antioxidant and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple loci affecting serum total bilirubin levels. However, most of the studies were conducted in European populations and little attention has been devoted either to genetic variants associated with direct and indirect bilirubin levels or to the gene-environment interactions on bilirubin levels. In this study, a two-stage GWAS was performed to identify genetic variants associated with all types of bilirubin levels in 10,282 Han Chinese individuals. Gene-environment interactions were further examined. Briefly, two previously reported loci, UGT1A1 on 2q37 (rs6742078 and rs4148323, combined P = 1.44 × 10(-89) and P = 5.05 × 10(-69) , respectively) and SLCO1B3 on 12p12 (rs2417940, combined P = 6.93 × 10(-19) ) were successfully replicated. The two loci explained 9.2% and 0.9% of the total variations of total bilirubin levels, respectively. Ethnic genetic differences were observed between Chinese and European populations. More importantly, a significant interaction was found between rs2417940 in SLCO1B3 gene and smoking on total bilirubin levels (P = 1.99 × 10(-3) ). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2417940 had stronger effects on total bilirubin levels in nonsmokers than in smokers, suggesting that the effects of SLCO1B3 genotype on bilirubin levels were partly dependent on smoking status. Consistent associations and interactions were observed for serum direct and indirect bilirubin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Dai
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Sugatani J. Function, Genetic Polymorphism, and Transcriptional Regulation of Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 28:83-92. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-12-rv-096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effects of statin treatments and polymorphisms in UGT1A1 and SLCO1B1 on serum bilirubin levels in Chinese patients with hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclerosis 2012; 223:427-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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