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Brotto D, Greggio M, De Filippis C, Trevisi P. Autosomal Recessive Non-Syndromic Deafness: Is AAV Gene Therapy a Real Chance? Audiol Res 2024; 14:239-253. [PMID: 38525683 PMCID: PMC10961695 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres14020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of sensorineural hearing loss is heavily influenced by genetic mutations, with approximately 80% of cases attributed to genetic causes and only 20% to environmental factors. Over 100 non-syndromic deafness genes have been identified in humans thus far. In non-syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment, around 75-85% of cases follow an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. In recent years, groundbreaking advancements in molecular gene therapy for inner-ear disorders have shown promising results. Experimental studies have demonstrated improvements in hearing following a single local injection of adeno-associated virus-derived vectors carrying an additional normal gene or using ribozymes to modify the genome. These pioneering approaches have opened new possibilities for potential therapeutic interventions. Following the PRISMA criteria, we summarized the AAV gene therapy experiments showing hearing improvement in the preclinical phases of development in different animal models of DFNB deafness and the AAV gene therapy programs currently in clinical phases targeting autosomal recessive non syndromic hearing loss. A total of 17 preclinical studies and 3 clinical studies were found and listed. Despite the hurdles, there have been significant breakthroughs in the path of HL gene therapy, holding great potential for providing patients with novel and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brotto
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Greggio
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Cosimo De Filippis
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Patrizia Trevisi
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Benoit C, Carlson RJ, King MC, Horn DL, Rubinstein JT. Behavioral characterization of the cochlear amplifier lesion due to loss of function of stereocilin (STRC) in human subjects. Hear Res 2023; 439:108898. [PMID: 37890241 PMCID: PMC10756798 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Loss of function of stereocilin (STRC) is the second most common cause of inherited hearing loss. The loss of the stereocilin protein, encoded by the STRC gene, induces the loss of connection between outer hair cells and tectorial membrane. This only affects the outer hair cells (OHCs) function, involving deficits of active cochlear frequency selectivity and amplifier functions despite preservation of normal inner hair cells. Better understanding of cochlear features associated with mutation of STRC will improve our knowledge of normal cochlear function, the pathophysiology of hearing impairment, and potentially enhance hearing aid and cochlear implant signal processing. Nine subjects with homozygous or compound heterozygous loss of function mutations in STRC were included, age 7-24 years. Temporal and spectral modulation perception were measured, characterized by spectral and temporal modulation transfer functions. Speech-in-noise perception was studied with spondee identification in adaptive steady-state noise and AzBio sentences with 0 and -5 dB SNR multitalker babble. Results were compared with normal hearing (NH) and cochlear implant (CI) listeners to place STRC-/- listeners' hearing capacity in context. Spectral ripple discrimination thresholds in the STRC-/- subjects were poorer than in NH listeners (p < 0.0001) but remained better than for CI listeners (p < 0.0001). Frequency resolution appeared impaired in the STRC-/- group compared to NH listeners but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06). Compared to NH listeners, amplitude modulation detection thresholds in the STRC-/- group did not reach significance (p= 0.06) but were better than in CI subjects (p < 0.0001). Temporal resolution in STRC-/- subjects was similar to NH (p = 0.98) but better than in CI listeners (p = 0.04). The spondee reception threshold in the STRC-/- group was worse than NH listeners (p = 0.0008) but better than CI listeners (p = 0.0001). For AzBio sentences, performance at 0 dB SNR was similar between the STRC-/- group and the NH group, 88 % and 97 % respectively. For -5 dB SNR, the STRC-/- performance was significantly poorer than NH, 40 % and 85 % respectively, yet much better than with CI who performed at 54 % at +5 dB SNR in children and 53 % at + 10 dB SNR in adults. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the psychoacoustic performance of human subjects lacking cochlear amplification but with normal inner hair cell function. Our data demonstrate preservation of temporal resolution and a trend to impaired frequency resolution in this group without reaching statistical significance. Speech-in-noise perception compared to NH listeners was impaired as well. All measures were better than those in CI listeners. It remains to be seen if hearing aid modifications, customized for the spectral deficits in STRC-/- listeners can improve speech understanding in noise. Since cochlear implants are also limited by deficient spectral selectivity, STRC-/- hearing may provide an upper bound on what could be obtained with better temporal coding in electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Benoit
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ryan J Carlson
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David L Horn
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jay T Rubinstein
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Domínguez-Ruiz M, Ruiz-Palmero L, Buonfiglio PI, García-Vaquero I, Gómez-Rosas E, Goñi M, Villamar M, Morín M, Moreno-Pelayo MA, Elgoyhen AB, del Castillo FJ, Dalamón V, del Castillo I. Novel Pathogenic Variants in the Gene Encoding Stereocilin ( STRC) Causing Non-Syndromic Moderate Hearing Loss in Spanish and Argentinean Subjects. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2943. [PMID: 38001944 PMCID: PMC10668944 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) is a very heterogeneous genetic condition, involving over 130 genes. Mutations in GJB2, encoding connexin-26, are a major cause of NSHI (the DFNB1 type), but few other genes have significant epidemiological contributions. Mutations in the STRC gene result in the DFNB16 type of autosomal recessive NSHI, a common cause of moderate hearing loss. STRC is located in a tandem duplicated region that includes the STRCP1 pseudogene, and so it is prone to rearrangements causing structural variations. Firstly, we screened a cohort of 122 Spanish familial cases of non-DFNB1 NSHI with at least two affected siblings and unaffected parents, and with different degrees of hearing loss (mild to profound). Secondly, we screened a cohort of 64 Spanish sporadic non-DFNB1 cases, and a cohort of 35 Argentinean non-DFNB1 cases, all of them with moderate hearing loss. Amplification of marker D15S784, massively parallel DNA sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and long-range gene-specific PCR followed by Sanger sequencing were used to search and confirm single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and deletions involving STRC. Causative variants were found in 13 Spanish familial cases (10.7%), 5 Spanish simplex cases (7.8%) and 2 Argentinean cases (5.7%). In all, 34 deleted alleles and 6 SNVs, 5 of which are novel. All affected subjects had moderate hearing impairment. Our results further support this strong genotype-phenotype correlation and highlight the significant contribution of STRC mutations to moderate NSHI in the Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Domínguez-Ruiz
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Palmero
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
| | - Paula I. Buonfiglio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Hearing, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.I.B.); (A.B.E.)
| | - Irene García-Vaquero
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
| | - Elena Gómez-Rosas
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
| | - Marina Goñi
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
| | - Manuela Villamar
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matías Morín
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Moreno-Pelayo
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Elgoyhen
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Hearing, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.I.B.); (A.B.E.)
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Francisco J. del Castillo
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Dalamón
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Hearing, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.I.B.); (A.B.E.)
| | - Ignacio del Castillo
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (M.D.-R.); (L.R.-P.); (I.G.-V.); (E.G.-R.); (M.G.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.-P.); (F.J.d.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Perry J, Redfield S, Oza A, Rouse S, Stewart C, Khela H, Srinivasan T, Albano V, Shearer E, Kenna M. Exome Sequencing Expands the Genetic Diagnostic Spectrum for Pediatric Hearing Loss. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2417-2424. [PMID: 36515421 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genetic testing is the standard-of-care for diagnostic evaluation of bilateral, symmetric, sensorineural hearing loss (HL). We sought to determine the efficacy of a comprehensive genetic testing method, exome sequencing (ES), in a heterogeneous pediatric patient population with bilateral symmetric, bilateral asymmetric, and unilateral HL. METHODS Trio-based ES was performed for pediatric patients with confirmed HL including those with symmetric, asymmetric, and unilateral HL. RESULTS ES was completed for 218 probands. A genetic cause was identified for 31.2% of probands (n = 68). The diagnostic rate was 40.7% for bilateral HL, 23.1% for asymmetric HL, and 18.3% for unilateral HL, with syndromic diagnoses made in 20.8%, 33.3%, and 54.5% of cases in each group, respectively. Secondary or incidental findings were identified in 10 families (5.52%). CONCLUSION ES is an effective method for genetic diagnosis for HL including phenotypically diverse patients and allows the identification of secondary findings, discovery of deafness-causing genes, and the potential for efficient data re-analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 133:2417-2424, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Perry
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shelby Redfield
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea Oza
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical Genomics, Invitae, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Rouse
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Candace Stewart
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harmon Khela
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tarika Srinivasan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victoria Albano
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eliot Shearer
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zeng B, Xu H, Yu Y, Li S, Tian Y, Li T, Yang Z, Wang H, Wang G, Chang M, Tang W. Increased diagnostic yield in a cohort of hearing loss families using a comprehensive stepwise strategy of molecular testing. Front Genet 2022; 13:1057293. [PMID: 36568381 PMCID: PMC9768221 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1057293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders in humans. This study proposes a stepwise strategy of deafness gene detection using multiplex PCR combined with high-throughput sequencing, Sanger sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), and whole-exome sequencing (WES) to explore its application in molecular diagnosis of hearing loss families. A total of 152 families with hearing loss were included in this study, the highest overall diagnosis rate was 73% (111/152). The diagnosis rate of multiplex PCR combined with high-throughput sequencing was 52.6% (80/152). One families was diagnosed by Sanger sequencing of GJB2 exon 1. Two families were diagnosed by MLPA analysis of the STRC gene. The diagnosis rate with additional contribution from WES was 18.4% (28/152). We identified 21 novel variants from 15 deafness genes by WES. Combining WES and deep clinical phenotyping, we diagnosed 11 patients with syndromic hearing loss (SHL). This study demonstrated improved diagnostic yield in a cohort of hearing loss families and confirmed the advantages of a stepwise strategy in the molecular diagnosis of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiping Zeng
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongen Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Yu
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongan Tian
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tiandong Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zengguang Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haili Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangke Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingxiu Chang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mingxiu Chang, ; Wenxue Tang,
| | - Wenxue Tang
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mingxiu Chang, ; Wenxue Tang,
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Audiological Evidence of Frequent Hereditary Mild, Moderate and Moderate-to-Severe Hearing Loss. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111843. [PMID: 36579563 PMCID: PMC9698638 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital and early onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by mutations in numerous genes. The introduction of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has increased the number of infants with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) detected in the first year of life. We aimed to evaluate the audiological features in patients with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL according to genotype. Audiological and genetic data were analyzed for 251 patients and their relatives with congenital bilateral mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL. Hearing loss severity, audiogram profile, interaural symmetry, and dynamics of hearing thresholds were analyzed. In this case, 165 patients had GJB2 gene mutations, 30 patients were identified with STRC mutations, and 16 patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic USH2A mutations. The presence of at least one GJB2 non-truncating variant in genotype led to less severe hearing impairment. The flat and gently sloping audiogram profiles were mostly revealed in all groups. The follow-up revealed the stability of hearing thresholds. GJB2, STRC, and USH2A pathogenic variants were detected in most patients in our cohort and were congenital in most cases.
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Homma K. The Pathological Mechanisms of Hearing Loss Caused by KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 Variants. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092254. [PMID: 36140355 PMCID: PMC9496569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness-associated genes KCNQ1 (also associated with heart diseases) and KCNQ4 (only associated with hearing loss) encode the homotetrameric voltage-gated potassium ion channels Kv7.1 and Kv7.4, respectively. To date, over 700 KCNQ1 and over 70 KCNQ4 variants have been identified in patients. The vast majority of these variants are inherited dominantly, and their pathogenicity is often explained by dominant-negative inhibition or haploinsufficiency. Our recent study unexpectedly identified cell-death-inducing cytotoxicity in several Kv7.1 and Kv7.4 variants. Elucidation of this cytotoxicity mechanism and identification of its modifiers (drugs) have great potential for aiding the development of a novel pharmacological strategy against many pathogenic KCNQ variants. The purpose of this review is to disseminate this emerging pathological role of Kv7 variants and to underscore the importance of experimentally characterizing disease-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; ; Tel.: +1-312-503-5344
- The Hugh Knowles Center for Clinical and Basic Science in Hearing and Its Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60608, USA
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Genetic etiology of non-syndromic hearing loss in Europe. Hum Genet 2022; 141:683-696. [PMID: 35044523 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hearing impairment not etiologically associated with clinical signs in other organs (non-syndromic) is genetically heterogeneous, so that over 120 genes are currently known to be involved. The frequency of mutations in each gene and the most frequent mutations vary throughout populations. Here we review the genetic etiology of non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) in Europe. Over the years, epidemiological data were scarce because of the large number of involved genes, whose screening was not cost-effective until implementation of massively parallel DNA sequencing. In Europe, the most common form of autosomal recessive NSHI is DFNB1, which accounts for 11-57% of the cases. Mutations in STRC account for 16% of the recessive cases, and only a few more (MYO15A, MYO7A, LOXHD1, USH2A, TMPRSS3, CDH23, TMC1, OTOF, OTOA, SLC26A4, ADGRV1 and TECTA) have contributions higher than 2%. As regards autosomal-dominant NSHI, DFNA22 (MYO6) and DFNA8/12 (TECTA) represent the most common forms, accounting for 21% and 18% of elucidated cases, respectively. The contribution of ACTG1 and WFS1 drops to 9% in both cases, followed by POU4F3 (6.5%), MYO7A (5%), MYH14 and COL11A2 (4% each). Four additional genes contribute 2.5% each one (MITF, KCNQ4, EYA4, SOX10) and the remaining are residually represented. X-linked hearing loss and maternally-inherited NSHI have minor contributions in most countries. Further knowledge on the genetic epidemiology of NSHI in Europe needs a standardization of the experimental approaches and a stratification of the results according to clinical features, familial history and patterns of inheritance, to facilitate comparison between studies.
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Nishio SY, Usami SI. Frequency of the STRC-CATSPER2 deletion in STRC-associated hearing loss patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:634. [PMID: 35022556 PMCID: PMC8755823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The STRC gene, located on chromosome 15q15.3, is one of the genetic causes of autosomal recessive mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss. One of the unique characteristics of STRC-associated hearing loss is the high prevalence of long deletions or copy number variations observed on chromosome 15q15.3. Further, the deletion of chromosome 15q15.3 from STRC to CATSPER2 is also known to be a genetic cause of deafness infertility syndrome (DIS), which is associated with not only hearing loss but also male infertility, as CATSPER2 plays crucial roles in sperm motility. Thus, information regarding the deletion range for each patient is important to the provision of appropriate genetic counselling for hearing loss and male infertility. In the present study, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis for 9956 Japanese hearing loss patients and analyzed copy number variations in the STRC gene based on NGS read depth data. In addition, we performed Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification analysis to determine the deletion range including the PPIP5K1, CKMT1B, STRC and CATSPER2 genomic region to estimate the prevalence of the STRC-CATSPER deletion, which is causative for DIS among the STRC-associated hearing loss patients. As a result, we identified 276 cases with STRC-associated hearing loss. The prevalence of STRC-associated hearing loss in Japanese hearing loss patients was 2.77% (276/9956). In addition, 77.1% of cases with STRC homozygous deletions carried a two copy loss of the entire CKMT1B-STRC-CATSPER2 gene region. This information will be useful for the provision of more appropriate genetic counselling regarding hearing loss and male infertility for the patients with a STRC deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ya Nishio
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Usami
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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Diagnostic Yield of Targeted Hearing Loss Gene Panel Sequencing in a Large German Cohort With a Balanced Age Distribution from a Single Diagnostic Center: An Eight-year Study. Ear Hear 2021; 43:1049-1066. [PMID: 34753855 PMCID: PMC9007094 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Hereditary hearing loss exhibits high degrees of genetic and clinical heterogeneity. To elucidate the population-specific and age-related genetic and clinical spectra of hereditary hearing loss, we investigated the sequencing data of causally associated hearing loss genes in a large cohort of hearing-impaired probands with a balanced age distribution from a single center in Southwest Germany. Design: Genetic testing was applied to 305 hearing-impaired probands/families with a suspected genetic hearing loss etiology and a balanced age distribution over a period of 8 years (2011–2018). These individuals were representative of the regional population according to age and sex distributions. The genetic testing workflow consisted of single-gene screening (n = 21) and custom-designed hearing loss gene panel sequencing (n = 284) targeting known nonsyndromic and syndromic hearing loss genes in a diagnostic setup. Retrospective reanalysis of sequencing data was conducted by applying the current American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology guidelines. Results: A genetic diagnosis was established for 75 (25%) of the probands that involved 75 causal variants in 35 genes, including 16 novel causal variants and 9 medically significant variant reclassifications. Nearly half of the solved cases (47%; n = 35) were related to variants in the five most frequently affected genes: GJB2 (25%), MYO15A, WFS1, SLC26A4, and COL11A1 (all 5%). Nearly one-quarter of the cases (23%; n = 17) were associated with variants in seven additional genes (TMPRSS3, COL4A3, LOXHD1, EDNRB, MYO6, TECTA, and USH2A). The remaining one-third of single cases (33%; n = 25) were linked to variants in 25 distinct genes. Diagnostic rates and gene distribution were highly dependent on phenotypic characteristics. A positive family history of autosomal-recessive inheritance in combination with early onset and higher grades of hearing loss significantly increased the solve rate up to 60%, while late onset and lower grades of hearing loss yielded significantly fewer diagnoses. Regarding genetic diagnoses, autosomal-dominant genes accounted for 37%, autosomal-recessive genes for 60%, and X-linked genes for 3% of the solved cases. Syndromic/nonsyndromic hearing loss mimic genes were affected in 27% of the genetic diagnoses. Conclusions: The genetic epidemiology of the largest German cohort subjected to comprehensive targeted sequencing for hereditary hearing loss to date revealed broad causal gene and variant spectra in this population. Targeted hearing loss gene panel analysis proved to be an effective tool for ensuring an appropriate diagnostic yield in a routine clinical setting including the identification of novel variants and medically significant reclassifications. Solve rates were highly sensitive to phenotypic characteristics. The unique population-adapted and balanced age distribution of the cohort favoring late hearing loss onset uncovered a markedly large contribution of autosomal-dominant genes to the diagnoses which may be a representative for other age balanced cohorts in other populations.
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11
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Han S, Zhang D, Guo Y, Fu Z, Guan G. Prevalence and Characteristics of STRC Gene Mutations (DFNB16): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:707845. [PMID: 34621290 PMCID: PMC8491653 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.707845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mutations in the STRC (MIM 606440) gene, inducing DFNB16, are considered a major cause of mild–moderate autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the global prevalence and characteristics of STRC variations, important information required for genetic counseling. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published before January 2021. Results: The pooled prevalence of DFNB16 in GJB2-negative patients with hearing loss was 4.08% (95% CI: 0.0289–0.0573), and the proportion of STRC variants in the mild–moderate hearing loss group was 14.36%. Monoallelic mutations of STRC were 4.84% (95% CI: 0.0343–0.0680) in patients with deafness (non-GJB2) and 1.36% (95% CI: 0.0025–0.0696) in people with normal hearing. The DFNB16 prevalence in genetically confirmed patients (non-GJB2) was 11.10% (95% CI: 0.0716–0.1682). Overall pooled prevalence of deafness–infertility syndrome (DIS) was 36.75% (95% CI: 0.2122–0.5563) in DFNB16. The prevalence of biallelic deletions in STRC gene mutations was 70.85% (95% CI: 0.5824–0.8213). Conclusion: Variants in the STRC gene significantly contribute to mild–moderate hearing impairment. Moreover, biallelic deletions are a main feature of STRC mutations. Copy number variations associated with infertility should be seriously considered when investigating DFNB16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingyuan Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zeming Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guofang Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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CNV Detection from Exome Sequencing Data in Routine Diagnostics of Rare Genetic Disorders: Opportunities and Limitations. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091427. [PMID: 34573409 PMCID: PMC8472439 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the potential of detecting copy number variations (CNVs) directly from exome sequencing (ES) data in diagnostic settings, we developed a CNV-detection pipeline based on ExomeDepth software and applied it to ES data of 450 individuals. Initially, only CNVs affecting genes in the requested diagnostic gene panels were scored and tested against arrayCGH results. Pathogenic CNVs were detected in 18 individuals. Most detected CNVs were larger than 400 kb (11/18), but three individuals had small CNVs impacting one or a few exons only and were thus not detectable by arrayCGH. Conversely, two pathogenic CNVs were initially missed, as they impacted genes not included in the original gene panel analysed, and a third one was missed as it was in a poorly covered region. The overall combined diagnostic rate (SNVs + CNVs) in our cohort was 36%, with wide differences between clinical domains. We conclude that (1) the ES-based CNV pipeline detects efficiently large and small pathogenic CNVs, (2) the detection of CNV relies on uniformity of sequencing and good coverage, and (3) in patients who remain unsolved by the gene panel analysis, CNV analysis should be extended to all captured genes, as diagnostically relevant CNVs may occur everywhere in the genome.
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13
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Simi A, Perry J, Schindler E, Oza A, Luo M, Hartman T, Krantz ID, Germiller JA, Kawai K, Kenna M. Audiologic Phenotype and Progression in Pediatric STRC-Related Autosomal Recessive Hearing Loss. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:E2897-E2903. [PMID: 34111299 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common sensory deficit affecting pediatric populations. The majority of pediatric SNHL is genetic in etiology, with over 123 identified nonsyndromic causative genes. One such gene is STRC, which has been identified as the second most frequent autosomal recessive nonsyndromic gene associated with SNHL in multiple populations. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic presentation and incidence of audiologic progression in pediatric patients with STRC-related hearing loss (HL). METHODS Thirty-nine pediatric patients with confirmed HL and biallelic pathogenic STRC mutations were identified at two pediatric hospitals. A retrospective chart review was completed including demographics, medical history, genetic testing results, and audiologic data. HL progression was assessed using air conduction thresholds from pure-tone audiograms and auditory brain stem responses, and masked bone conduction thresholds from pure-tone audiograms. RESULTS Thirty-six patients had homozygous STRC deletions. Three were compound heterozygotes. All patients had bilateral, symmetric SNHL. Baseline HL was mild in 39% of ears, moderate in 52%, and moderate-severe in 3%. Of the 31 patients for which sufficient data were available to evaluate progression, 18 (58%) had some degree of progressive HL. Among these 31 patients assessed for progression, the mean hearing threshold declined by 0.6 dB per year (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 0.8; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS These biallelic STRC patients displayed HL ranging from mild to moderate-severe at baseline and progressing in 58%. The variability of the STRC phenotype and the possibility of audiologic progression should be considered in the clinical management of pediatric STRC-related SNHL. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Simi
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Julia Perry
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Emma Schindler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Andrea Oza
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Minjie Luo
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Tiffiney Hartman
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Division of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Division of Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - John A Germiller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,Division of Otolaryngology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Kosuke Kawai
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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14
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Hytönen MK, Niskanen JE, Arumilli M, Brookhart-Knox CA, Donner J, Lohi H. Missense variant in LOXHD1 is associated with canine nonsyndromic hearing loss. Hum Genet 2021; 140:1611-1618. [PMID: 33983508 PMCID: PMC8521602 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common sensory deficit in both humans and dogs. In canines, the genetic basis is largely unknown, as genetic variants have only been identified for a syndromic form of hearing impairment. We observed a congenital or early-onset sensorineural hearing loss in a Rottweiler litter. Assuming an autosomal recessive inheritance, we used a combined approach of homozygosity mapping and genome sequencing to dissect the genetic background of the disorder. We identified a fully segregating missense variant in LOXHD1, a gene that is known to be essential for cochlear hair cell function and associated with nonsyndromic hearing loss in humans and mice. The canine LOXHD1 variant was specific to the Rottweiler breed in our study cohorts of pure-bred dogs. However, it also was present in some mixed-breed dogs, of which the majority showed Rottweiler ancestry. Low allele frequencies in these populations, 2.6% and 0.04%, indicate a rare variant. To summarize, our study describes the first genetic variant for canine nonsyndromic hearing loss, which is clinically and genetically similar to human LOXHD1-related hearing disorder, and therefore, provides a new large animal model for hearing loss. Equally important, the affected breed will benefit from a genetic test to eradicate this LOXHD1-related hearing disorder from the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo K Hytönen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia E Niskanen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Meharji Arumilli
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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15
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Clinical features of hearing loss caused by STRC gene deletions/mutations in Russian population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 138:110247. [PMID: 32705992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Congenital sensorineural hearing loss is related to mutations in numerous genes encoding the structures of the inner ear in majority of the cases. Mutations in GJB2 gene are the most frequently identified causes of congenital nonsyndromal hearing loss. GJB2 gene testing became a routine clinical tool. For GJB2-negative patients new genetic approaches including methods based on new generation sequencing give a chance to identify mutations in other genes. The frequent reason of mild-to-moderate hearing loss such as the deletions/mutations of the gene STRC encoding stereocilin protein were recognized (OMIM: 606440). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the audiological features in hearing impaired patients with deletions and point mutations in the STRC gene. PATIENTS AND METHODS The group of 28 patients from 21 unrelated families with pathological mutations in the STRC gene underwent audiological examination. The description and analysis of the results of full audiological examination was provided. RESULTS All patients initially had bilateral nonsyndromal sensorineural hearing loss. Among 11 homozygotes of large deletion harboring STRC to CATSPER2 genes were 7 male individuals indicating the presence of male infertility syndrome. In general, 7 children failed audiological screening and 4 children underwent audiological assessment in the age of 3 and 6 months. The most frequently hearing thresholds were registered between 35 and 55 dB that corresponds to mild-to-moderate hearing impairment. The average age of diagnostics was 7.9 years (ranged from 3 months to 45 years). In the majority of patients the audiological profiles were flat or descending with elevation of thresholds at middle and high frequencies and relatively preserved thresholds at low frequencies. Hearing thresholds are symmetric and stable with age. CONCLUSION STRC-linked hearing loss is congenital, of mild and moderate severity. Special clinical and genetic approach for children who failed newborn hearing screening with mild-to-moderate hearing loss is necessary.
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16
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Vona B, Doll J, Hofrichter MA, Haaf T. Non-syndromic hearing loss: clinical and diagnostic challenges. MED GENET-BERLIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2020-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. There are presently over 120 genes that have been associated with non-syndromic hearing loss and many more that are associated with syndromic forms. Despite an increasing number of genes that have been implemented into routine molecular genetic diagnostic testing, the diagnostic yield from European patient cohorts with hereditary hearing loss remains around the 50 % mark. This attests to the many gaps of knowledge the field is currently working toward resolving. It can be expected that many more genes await identification. However, it can also be expected, for example, that the mutational signatures of the known genes are still unclear, especially variants in non-coding or regulatory regions influencing gene expression. This review summarizes several challenges in the clinical and diagnostic setting for hereditary hearing loss with emphasis on syndromes that mimic non-syndromic forms of hearing loss in young children and other factors that heavily influence diagnostic rates. A molecular genetic diagnosis for patients with hearing loss opens several additional avenues, such as patient tailored selection of the best currently available treatment modalities, an understanding of the prognosis, and supporting family planning decisions. In the near future, a genetic diagnosis may enable patients to engage in preclinical trials for the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vona
- Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery , Eberhard Karls University , Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 5 , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Julia Doll
- Institute of Human Genetics , Julius Maximilians University , Würzburg , Germany
| | | | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics , Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg , Biozentrum, Am Hubland , Würzburg , Germany
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17
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Markova TG, Alekseeva NN, Mironovich OL, Bliznets EA, Lalayants MR, Polyakov AV, Tavartkiladze GA. [Hearing loss due to mutations or lack of the gene coding protein stereocillin]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2020; 85:14-20. [PMID: 32476383 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20208502114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The description of a clinical picture and audiological features at the hearing loss caused by changes of a STRC gene, coding protein stereocillin (MIM: 606440). Mutations in the numerous genes responsible for the inner ear proteins are the reason for congenital sensorineural hearing loss. The main cause of congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the Russian Federation are mutations in GJB2 gene it reaches up 68% of cases identified in infancy. GJB2 gene tests already became routine around the world. Possibilities of new methods based on sequencing of new generation (NGS, next generation sequencing) allow to conduct a research of more rare genes connected with a hearing impairment. The most often among GJB2 negative patients reveal mutations and deletion of a gene of STRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Full audiological examination of 5 children and one adult with a hearing loss from 2 unrelated families is provided. Mutations in STRC gene were identified. All children are examined aged before 8 years, and 3 children failed universal audiological screening in maternity hospital, to two children screening was not carried out as they were born till 2009. RESULTS The children with the sensorineural hearing loss connected with mutations and deletion of STRC gene failed hearing screening in maternity hospital because of the OAE is not registered, what indicates the congenital nature of a hearing loss. Recently it could not be noticed earlier because of slight increase of hearing thresholds and was regarded only as the early onset. Our data emphasize that the of thresholds from 35 to 60 dB in frequencies 0,5-4 kHz is common for mutations/deletions of STRC gene. CONCLUSION The development of molecular genetics methods confirms the hereditary causes of GJB2-negative patients and expands indications for family counseling. Special approach for child with hearing loss so early revealed is necessary and the consultation of parents frightened of screening results is very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Markova
- National Resarch Center for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Alekseeva
- National Resarch Center for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - O L Mironovich
- Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical and Genetic Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Bliznets
- Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical and Genetic Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - M R Lalayants
- National Resarch Center for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Polyakov
- Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical and Genetic Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Tavartkiladze
- National Resarch Center for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Postdoctoral Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Five Novel Mutations in LOXHD1 Gene Were Identified to Cause Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss in Four Chinese Families. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1685974. [PMID: 32149082 PMCID: PMC7049443 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1685974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders in newborns and is mostly caused by genetic factors. Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) is usually characterized as a severe-to-profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss and later can cause various degrees of defect in the language and intelligent development of newborns. The mutations in LOXHD1 gene have been shown to cause DFNB77, a type of ARNSHL. To date, there are limited reports about the association between LOXHD1 gene and ARNSHL. In this study, we reported six patients from four Chinese families suffering from severe-to-profound nonsyndromic hearing loss. We performed targeted next generation sequencing in the six affected members and identified five novel pathogenic mutations in LOXHD1 including c.277G>A (p.D93N), c.611-2A>T, c.1255+3A>G, c.2329C>T (p.Q777 ∗ ), and c.5888delG (p.G1963Afs ∗ 136). These mutations were confirmed to be cosegregated with the hearing impairment in the families by Sanger sequencing and were inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. All of the five mutations were absent in 200 control subjects. There were no symptoms of Fuchs corneal dystrophy in the probands and their blood-related relatives. We concluded that these five novel mutations could be involved in the underlying mechanism resulting in the hearing loss, and this discovery expands the genotypic spectrum of LOXHD1 mutations.
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19
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Mutational Spectrum and Clinical Features of Patients with LOXHD1 Variants Identified in an 8074 Hearing Loss Patient Cohort. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100735. [PMID: 31547530 PMCID: PMC6826470 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants of the LOXHD1 gene, which are expressed in hair cells of the cochlea and vestibule, have been reported to cause a progressive form of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hereditary hearing loss, DFNB77. In this study, genetic screening was conducted on 8074 Japanese hearing loss patients utilizing massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify individuals with LOXHD1 variants and to assess their phenotypes. A total of 28 affected individuals and 21 LOXHD1 variants were identified, among which 13 were novel variants. A recurrent variant c.4212 + 1G > A, only reported in Japanese patients, was detected in 18 individuals. Haplotype analysis implied that this variation occurred in a mutational hot spot, and that multiple ancestors of Japanese population had this variation. Patients with LOXHD1 variations mostly showed early onset hearing loss and presented different progression rates. We speculated that the varying severities and progression rates of hearing loss are the result of environmental and/or other genetic factors. No accompanying symptoms, including vestibular dysfunction, with hearing loss were detected in this study. Few studies have reported the clinical features of LOXHD1-gene associated hearing loss, and this study is by far the largest study focused on the evaluation of this gene.
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20
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Zhang J, Guan J, Wang H, Yin L, Wang D, Zhao L, Zhou H, Wang Q. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis of MYO15A variants in autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:60. [PMID: 30953472 PMCID: PMC6451310 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background MYO15A variants are responsible for human non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB3). The majority of MYO15A variants are associated with a congenital severe-to-profound hearing loss phenotype, except for MYO15A variants in exon 2, which cause a milder auditory phenotype, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation of MYO15A. However, MYO15A variants not in exon 2 related to a milder phenotype have also been reported, indicating that the genotype-phenotype correlation of MYO15A is complicated. This study aimed to provide more cases of MYO15A variation with diverse phenotypes to analyse this complex correlation. Methods Fifteen Chinese autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) individuals with MYO15A variants (8 males and 7 females) from 14 unrelated families, identified by targeted gene capture of 127 known candidate deafness genes, were recruited. Additionally, we conducted a review of the literature to further analyses all reported MYO15A genotype-phenotype relationships worldwide. Results We identified 16 novel variants and 12 reported pathogenic MYO15A variants in 15 patients, two of which presented with a milder phenotype. Interestingly, one of these cases carried two reported pathogenic variants in exon 2, while the other carried two novel variants not in exon 2. Based on our literature review, MYO15A genotype-phenotype correlation analysis showed that almost all domains were reported to be correlated with a milder phenotype. However, variants in the N-terminal domain were more likely to cause a milder phenotype. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), we also found that the number of known MYO15A variants with milder phenotypes in Southeast Asia has increased in recent years. Conclusion Our work extended the MYO15A variant spectrum, enriched our knowledge of auditory phenotypes, and tried to explore the genotype-phenotype correlation in different populations in order to investigate the cause of the complex MYO15A genotype-phenotype correlation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0790-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Otolaryngology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | | | - Dayong Wang
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lidong Zhao
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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21
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Yokota Y, Moteki H, Nishio SY, Yamaguchi T, Wakui K, Kobayashi Y, Ohyama K, Miyazaki H, Matsuoka R, Abe S, Kumakawa K, Takahashi M, Sakaguchi H, Uehara N, Ishino T, Kosho T, Fukushima Y, Usami SI. Frequency and clinical features of hearing loss caused by STRC deletions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4408. [PMID: 30867468 PMCID: PMC6416315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is a common deficit and mainly occurs due to genetic factors. Recently, copy number variants (CNVs) in the STRC gene have also been recognized as a major cause of genetic hearing loss. We investigated the frequency of STRC deletions in the Japanese population and the characteristics of associated hearing loss. For CNV analysis, we employed a specialized method of Ion AmpliSeqTM sequencing, and confirmed the CNV results via custom array comparative genomic hybridization. We identified 17 probands with STRC homozygous deletions. The prevalence of STRC homozygous deletions was 1.7% in the hearing loss population overall, and 4.3% among mild-to-moderate hearing loss patients. A 2.63% carrier deletion rate was identified in both the hearing loss and the control population with normal hearing. In conclusion, our results show that STRC deletions are the second most common cause of mild-to-moderate hearing loss after the GJB2 gene, which accounts for the majority of genetic hearing loss. The phenotype of hearing loss is congenital and appears to be moderate, and is most likely to be stable without deterioration even after the age of 50. The present study highlights the importance of the STRC gene as a major cause of mild-to-moderate hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoh Yokota
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Moteki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan. .,Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ya Nishio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Wakui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kobayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tohoku Rosai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Miyazaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rina Matsuoka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Abe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Kumakawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Natsumi Uehara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Research Center for Support to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Shin-Ichi Usami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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22
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Mahfood M, Kamal Eddine Ahmad Mohamed W, Al Mutery A, Tlili A. Clinical Exome Sequencing Identifies a Frameshift Mutation Within the STRC Gene in a United Arab Emirates Family with Profound Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:204-208. [PMID: 30758234 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) is the most common form of hereditary deafness. Despite its frequency, the diagnosis of this disorder continues to be a challenging task given its extreme genetic heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to identify the causative mutation in a consanguineous United Arab Emirates (UAE) family with ARNSHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical exome sequencing (CES) followed by segregation analysis via Sanger sequencing was used to identify the causative mutation. In addition, 109 deaf individuals and 50 deafness-free controls from the UAE population were screened for the identified mutation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CES identified the STRC frameshift mutation c.4510del (p.Glu1504Argfs*32) as the causative mutation in this family. Moreover, segregation analysis confirmed the above finding. In addition, the absence of this variant in 109 unrelated deaf individuals and 50 healthy controls indicates that it is rare in the UAE population. CONCLUSION The present study represents the first STRC mutation reported in the UAE population. It also reinforces the power of next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of heterogenous disorders such as nonsyndromic hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mahfood
- 1 Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Abdullah Al Mutery
- 1 Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,2 Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelaziz Tlili
- 1 Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,2 Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,3 Human Genetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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23
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Shen N, Wang T, Li D, Liu A, Lu Y. Whole-exome sequencing identifies a novel missense variant within LOXHD1 causing rare hearing loss in a Chinese family. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:30. [PMID: 30760222 PMCID: PMC6373029 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0758-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Deafness, autosomal recessive 77 (DFNB77) is a rare non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) worldwide, which is caused by deleterious variants within lipoxygenase homology domains 1 (LOXHD1). Here we identified that a novel missense variant of LOXHD1 was associated with NSHL in a Chinese family under consanguineous marriage. Case presentation A 28-year-old woman suffered a bilateral profound NSHL. Impedance audiometry, temporal bone computerized tomography (TBCT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging-inner ear hydrography (MRI-IEH) did not find any obvious abnormality of middle or inner ear. Routine genetic detection did not find pathogenic variants in common HL-associated genes. Therefore, we performed a whole-exome sequencing (WES) in this family. By trio-WES, co-segregation validation and bioinformatics analysis, we revealed that a novel homozygous variant in this patient, LOXHD1: c.5948C > T (p.S1983F), might be the pathogenic factor. Her parents (heterozygotes) and brother (wild-type) were asymptomatic. Conclusions We successfully identified a novel variant of LOXHD1 associated with a rare NSHL from a Chinese family. Our finds highlight the effectiveness of trio-WES for molecular diagnosis of rare NHSL, and expand the genotypic spectrum of DFNB77. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0758-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Delei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Aiguo Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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24
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Morgan A, Lenarduzzi S, Cappellani S, Pecile V, Morgutti M, Orzan E, Ghiselli S, Ambrosetti U, Brumat M, Gajendrarao P, La Bianca M, Faletra F, Grosso E, Sirchia F, Sensi A, Graziano C, Seri M, Gasparini P, Girotto G. Genomic Studies in a Large Cohort of Hearing Impaired Italian Patients Revealed Several New Alleles, a Rare Case of Uniparental Disomy (UPD) and the Importance to Search for Copy Number Variations. Front Genet 2018; 9:681. [PMID: 30622556 PMCID: PMC6309105 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is a common disorder characterized by a huge genetic heterogeneity. The definition of a correct molecular diagnosis is essential for proper genetic counseling, recurrence risk estimation, and therapeutic options. From 20 to 40% of patients carry mutations in GJB2 gene, thus, in more than half of cases it is necessary to look for causative variants in the other genes so far identified (~100). In this light, the use of next-generation sequencing technologies has proved to be the best solution for mutational screening, even though it is not always conclusive. Here we describe a combined approach, based on targeted re-sequencing (TRS) of 96 HHL genes followed by high-density SNP arrays, aimed at the identification of the molecular causes of non-syndromic HHL (NSHL). This strategy has been applied to study 103 Italian unrelated cases, negative for mutations in GJB2, and led to the characterization of 31% of them (i.e., 37% of familial and 26.3% of sporadic cases). In particular, TRS revealed TECTA and ACTG1 genes as major players in the Italian population. Furthermore, two de novo missense variants in ACTG1 have been identified and investigated through protein modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, confirming their likely pathogenic effect. Among the selected patients analyzed by SNP arrays (negative to TRS, or with a single variant in a recessive gene) a molecular diagnosis was reached in ~36% of cases, highlighting the importance to look for large insertions/deletions. Moreover, copy number variants analysis led to the identification of the first case of uniparental disomy involving LOXHD1 gene. Overall, taking into account the contribution of GJB2, plus the results from TRS and SNP arrays, it was possible to reach a molecular diagnosis in ~51% of NSHL cases. These data proved the usefulness of a combined approach for the analysis of NSHL and for the definition of the epidemiological picture of HHL in the Italian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Vanna Pecile
- IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Eva Orzan
- IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Ghiselli
- IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Umberto Ambrosetti
- Audiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Enrico Grosso
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Sirchia
- IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Sensi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) della Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudio Graziano
- Unit of Medical Genetics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Seri
- Unit of Medical Genetics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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25
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Abstract
HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that patients with DFNB16 caused hearing loss show characteristical audiological findings depending on genetic results. BACKGROUND Hearing loss belongs to the most frequent congenital diseases. In 50-70% of individuals, hearing loss is caused by genetic defects. DFNB1 (deafness, neurosensory, autosomal-recessive) is the most frequently affected locus. Despite its great genetic heterogeneity, comprehensive analysis of genes like STRC, encoding stereocilin (DFNB16) is possible. The genetic architecture of the DFNB16 locus is challenging and requires a unique molecular genetic testing assay. The aim of the study is a systematic characterization of the audiological phenotype in DFNB16-positive patients. METHODS Since 2011, 290 patients with suspicion of inherited hearing loss received a human genetic exploration. Eighty two DFNB1-negative patients advanced to further testing in the DFNB16 locus. STRC-positive patients obtained complete audiological diagnostic workup. Additionally, epidemiological data was collected. RESULTS Nine of 82 (11%) of the examined patients (mean age 5 yr) showed mutations in the STRC (3 homozygous, 6 compound heterozygous). Aside from a moderate hearing loss in the pure tone audiogram, auditory brainstem response thresholds were 40-50 dB nHL. Otoacoustic emissions were detectable in only one patient. CONCLUSIONS Examination of the DFNB16-locus should be a standard diagnostic test after negative DFNB1-gene screening result. Notably, DFNB16-associated hearing loss can be audiologically characterized as moderate sensorineural hearing loss in the main speech field with absent otoacoustic emissions. Our study is the first to correlate audiological findings with genetic results in patients with hearing loss due to STRC.
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26
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Bademci G, Abad C, Incesulu A, Rad A, Alper O, Kolb SM, Cengiz FB, Diaz-Horta O, Silan F, Mihci E, Ocak E, Najafi M, Maroofian R, Yilmaz E, Nur BG, Duman D, Guo S, Sant DW, Wang G, Monje PV, Haaf T, Blanton SH, Vona B, Walz K, Tekin M. MPZL2 is a novel gene associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic moderate hearing loss. Hum Genet 2018; 137:479-486. [PMID: 29982980 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-018-1901-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While recent studies have revealed a substantial portion of the genes underlying human hearing loss, the extensive genetic landscape has not been completely explored. Here, we report a loss-of-function variant (c.72delA) in MPZL2 in three unrelated multiplex families from Turkey and Iran with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss. The variant co-segregates with moderate sensorineural hearing loss in all three families. We show a shared haplotype flanking the variant in our families implicating a single founder. While rare in other populations, the allele frequency of the variant is ~ 0.004 in Ashkenazi Jews, suggesting that it may be an important cause of moderate hearing loss in that population. We show that Mpzl2 is expressed in mouse inner ear, and the protein localizes in the auditory inner and outer hair cells, with an asymmetric subcellular localization. We thus present MPZL2 as a novel gene associated with sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guney Bademci
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Clemer Abad
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Armagan Incesulu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Abolfazl Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, 009851, Iran
| | - Ozgul Alper
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Susanne M Kolb
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Filiz B Cengiz
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Oscar Diaz-Horta
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Fatma Silan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ercan Mihci
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emre Ocak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara University School of Medicine, 06260, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maryam Najafi
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 KL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Genetics and Molecular Cell Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Elanur Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Banu G Nur
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Duman
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara University School of Medicine, 06260, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shengru Guo
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David W Sant
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Paula V Monje
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and the Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susan H Blanton
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre (THRC), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katherina Walz
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Mustafa Tekin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB-610 (M-860), Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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