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Boiko AS, Pozhidaev IV, Paderina DZ, Mednova IA, Goncharova AA, Fedorenko OY, Kornetova EG, Semke AV, Bokhan NA, Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Gene Polymorphisms of Hormonal Regulators of Metabolism in Patients with Schizophrenia with Metabolic Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050844. [PMID: 35627229 PMCID: PMC9141866 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common complication of long-term treatment of persons with schizophrenia taking (atypical) antipsychotics. In this study, we investigated the existence of an association with polymorphisms of genes for four hormones that regulate energy metabolism. Methods: We recruited 517 clinically admitted white patients (269M/248F) with a verified diagnosis of schizophrenia (ICD-10) and with a stable physical condition. Participants were classified for having or not having MetS and genotyped for 20 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2), ghrelin (GHRL), leptin (LEP), and leptin receptor (LEPR). Results: The 139 patients (26.9%) with MetS were significantly more likely to be women, older, and ill longer, and had a larger body mass index (BMI). Four polymorphisms (rs10490624, rs17587100, rs9308762, and rs10490816) did not meet the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) criterion and were excluded. Only genotypes and alleles of the rs3828942 of LEP gene (chi2 = 7.665, p = 0.022; chi2 = 5.136, p = 0.023) and the genotypes of the rs17047718 of INSIG2 gene (chi2 = 7.7, p = 0.021) had a significant association with MetS. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that the LEP and INSIG2 genes play a certain causal role in the development of MetS in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia S. Boiko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Ivan V. Pozhidaev
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Diana Z. Paderina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Irina A. Mednova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anastasya A. Goncharova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Elena G. Kornetova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Arkadiy V. Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology, and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (A.S.B.); (I.V.P.); (D.Z.P.); (I.A.M.); (A.A.G.); (O.Y.F.); (E.G.K.); (A.V.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Brain signalling systems: A target for treating type I diabetes mellitus. Brain Res Bull 2019; 152:191-201. [PMID: 31325597 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
From early to later stages of Type I Diabetes Mellitus (TIDM), signalling molecules including brain indolamines and protein kinases are altered significantly, and that has been implicated in the Metabolic Disorders (MD) as well as impairment of retinal, renal, neuronal and cardiovascular systems. Considerable attention has been focused to the effects of diabetes on these signalling systems. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of these signals are not completely understood in TIDM, but it is likely that hyperglycemia, acidosis, and insulin resistance play significant roles. Insulin maintains normal glycemic levels and it acts by binding to its receptor, so that it activates the receptor's tyrosine kinase activity, resulting in phosphorylation of several substrates. Those substrates provide binding/interaction sites for signalling molecules, including serine/threonine kinases and indolamines. For more than two decades, our research has been focused on the mechanisms of protein kinases, CaM Kinase and Serotonin transporter mediated alterations of indolamines in TIDM. In this review, we have also discussed how discrete areas of brain respond to insulin or some of the pharmacological agents that triggers or restores these signalling molecules, and it may be useful for the treatment of specific region wise changes/disorders of diabetic brain.
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Brain signaling systems in the Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: promising target to treat and prevent these diseases. Future Sci OA 2015; 1:FSO25. [PMID: 28031898 PMCID: PMC5137856 DOI: 10.4155/fso.15.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in the brain signaling systems play an important role in etiology and pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS), being a possible cause of these diseases. Therefore, their restoration at the early stages of T2DM and MS can be regarded as a promising way to treat and prevent these diseases and their complications. The data on the functional state of the brain signaling systems regulated by insulin, IGF-1, leptin, dopamine, serotonin, melanocortins and glucagon-like peptide-1, in T2DM and MS, are analyzed. The pharmacological approaches to restoration of these systems and improvement of insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, and to prevent diabetic complications are discussed.
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Abstract
Synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) is a key molecule in the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein (SNARE) complex mediating fast Ca(2+)-triggered release of hormones and neurotransmitters, and both splice variants, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b, can participate in this process. Here we explore the hypothesis that minor alterations in the machinery mediating regulated membrane fusion can increase the susceptibility for metabolic disease and precede obesity and type 2 diabetes. Thus, we used a mouse mutant engineered to express normal levels of SNAP-25 but only SNAP-25a. These SNAP-25b-deficient mice were exposed to either a control or a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. Monitoring of food intake, body weight, hypothalamic function, and lipid and glucose homeostases showed that SNAP-25b-deficient mice fed with control diet developed hyperglycemia, liver steatosis, and adipocyte hypertrophy, conditions dramatically exacerbated when combined with the high-fat/high-sucrose diet. Thus, modified SNARE function regulating stimulus-dependent exocytosis can increase the vulnerability to and even provoke metabolic disease. When combined with a high-fat/high-sucrose diet, this vulnerability resulted in diabesity. Our SNAP-25b-deficient mouse may represent a diabesity model.
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