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Ma W, Liang X, Wang H, Wen Z, Liu L, Fan L, Zhang X. Association between fear of falling and mortality in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:113-120. [PMID: 38996768 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of falling (FOF) has emerged as a significant public health issue, contributing to excess disability among middle-aged and older adults. The association between FOF and mortality remains unclear. METHODS Prominent electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINHAL, PsycINFO, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wanfang Database) were searched from inception until October 21, 2023 (data updated on June 9, 2024), for cohort or longitudinal studies investigating the association between FOF and mortality. The heterogeneity between studies was quantitatively assessed using I2. A fixed-effect model calculated the pooled effect size. RESULTS A total of seven cohort studies, including 27,714 participants, were analyzed in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results demonstrated a positive association between FOF and mortality, with a significant increase in the risk of mortality for those with FOF (hazard ratio [HR]:1.29, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-1.41, p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that age, male sex, clinical diagnosis of depression, number of chronic diseases, activity restriction due to FOF, and FOF levels were associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS FOF and mortality have a positive association, which needs to be confirmed by further prospective studies with large samples and long-term follow-up to provide evidence for clinicians to intervene in FOF to reduce mortality in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlian Ma
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Liang
- Dean Office, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Dean Office, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifei Wen
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Linfeng Liu
- Dean Office, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangliang Fan
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangeng Zhang
- Dean Office, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China.
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Bégin D, Janecek M, Macedo LG, Richardson J, Wojkowski S. The relationship between fear of falling and functional ability following a multi-component fall prevention program: an analysis of clinical data. Physiother Theory Pract 2024; 40:1121-1132. [PMID: 36305706 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2137384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The first objective was to evaluate clinical data from a multi-component fall prevention program. The second objective was to explore the relationship between physical function and fear of falling (FoF). METHODS Adults (N = 287, mean age = 76 years) who participated in the Building Balance Program between 2011-2020 were assessed with five physical function measures and two FoF measures. Repeated measures ANOVA controlling for age and sex were performed to assess change from baseline. Linear regressions were conducted to evaluate how physical function explained variations in FoF. RESULTS There were significant improvements between pre and post-program Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores (p < .001), Timed-Up and Go (TUG) times (p < .001), 30 second Chair-Stand (30 CST repetitions) (p < .001), Functional Reach (FR) distance (p < .001), gait speed (p < .001), single item-FoF score (p < .001), and short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I score) (p < .001). After controlling for sex on all regression analyses, age, and pre-program gait speed explained variations in pre-program short FES-I scores (Adjusted R2 = 0.19). Age, pre-program BBS and 30 CST repetitions explained variations in pre-program level of FoF (Adjusted R2 = 0.25). Variations in post-program short FES-I scores (Adjusted R2 = 0.17) were explained by age, post-program TUG times and FR distance after controlling for age and sex. Robust regressions indicated variations in post-program level of FoF explained by age, post-program TUG and FR distance with a two-way interaction between age and FR. CONCLUSION A multi-component fall prevention program improved physical function and decreased FoF. A small association between physical function and FoF similar between pre- and post-program conditions was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Bégin
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marci Janecek
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Luciana G Macedo
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Richardson
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Wojkowski
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Fernandes VDO, Moreira BDS, de Melo GASC, de Avelar NCP, Costa HS, Bastone ADC. Factors associated with fear of falling in older women with knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:333-338. [PMID: 38154414 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Knee instability in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is associated with fear of falling (FoF). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the factors associated with FoF in older women with KOA. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 93 older women with KOA. Sociodemographic variables, medical conditions, handgrip strength, and anthropometric and body composition measurements were assessed. The Short Physical Performance Battery was used to measure functional performance. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was applied to assess pain, stiffness, and disability. FoF was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale-International. The prevalence of FoF was high (88.2 %). Disability, history of falls, handgrip strength, obesity, number of medications, and pain were independently associated with FoF. Our findings suggest that health professionals should investigate FoF when evaluating older women with KOA and address these risk factors when developing strategies to prevent or minimize FoF in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa de Oliveira Fernandes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, Nº 5000, Bairro Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, MG CEP 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Souza Moreira
- Center for Studies in Public Health and Aging, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, Nº 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Gisele Aparecida Santos Correia de Melo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, Nº 5000, Bairro Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, MG CEP 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar
- Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Araranguá, Rod. Governador Jorge Lacerda, Araranguá, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, Nº 5000, Bairro Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, MG CEP 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Alessandra de Carvalho Bastone
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, Nº 5000, Bairro Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, MG CEP 39100-000, Brazil.
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Karartı C, Özsoy İ, Özyurt F, Basat HÇ, Özsoy G, Özüdoğru A. The effects of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization approach on clinical outcomes in older patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Somatosens Mot Res 2023; 40:116-125. [PMID: 36964655 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2023.2191705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the effects of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) approach in older patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP). METHODS A total of 72 participants with CNSLBP were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 36) or control group (n = 36) in this randomized study. A conventional physiotherapy program was administered to the participants in the control group for 3 days per week for a total of 6 weeks. In addition to the conventional program, DNS exercise protocol was performed for 3 days per week for 6 weeks for the participants in the experimental group. While quality of movements and exercise capacity were our primary outcomes, functional balance and quality of life constituted our secondary outcomes. The participants were assessed both at baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS The improvement in a deep squat, in-line lunge, hurdle step, shoulder flexibility, rotary trunk stability, total Functional Movement Screening score, and Timed-up and Go Test score was greater in the experimental group (p<.05). The improvement was similar in both groups in terms of the rest of outcome measures. DISCUSSION This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the DNS approach on some functional movement patterns and functional balance performance in older patients with CNSLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Karartı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özsoy
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Özyurt
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Hakkı Çağdaş Basat
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Özsoy
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Anıl Özüdoğru
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
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Kakehi T, Zenta M, Ishimori T, Tamura N, Wada H, Bessho M, Kakuda W. Reliability and Validity of Caregivers' Fear of Falling Index When Caring for Home-Based Rehabilitation Patients With Fall-Related Fractures. Ann Rehabil Med 2023; 47:300-306. [PMID: 37644719 PMCID: PMC10475813 DOI: 10.5535/arm.23052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability and validity of this new measure, called the caregivers' fear of falling index (CFFI). METHODS The study surveyed home-based rehabilitation patients with fall-related fracture, and their primary caregivers. The characteristics of these patients were evaluated, and the caregivers were surveyed using the CFFI and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). The reliability of the CFFI was assessed using item-total correlation, while the validity of the CFFI was evaluated through correlation coefficients calculated between the CFFI and the FES-I. RESULTS The participants were 51 patient-caregiver pairs. The internal consistency of the CFFI showed an alpha coefficient of 0.904. No items were excluded in the corrected item-total correlations. The CFFI showed a moderate correlation with FES-I (r=0.432, p=0.002). CONCLUSION This study found the CFFI to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring the primary caregivers' fear. The CFFI may be a useful tool for healthcare professionals to identify and supporting these primary caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kakehi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Masashi Zenta
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishimori
- Department of Rehabilitation, Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Mihara Memorial Hospital, Isesaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Tamura
- Rehabilitation Center, Ushiku Aiwa General Hospital, Ushiku, Japan
| | - Hiromu Wada
- A Home-Visit Nursing Station of Ryugasaki, Ryugasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiko Bessho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Wataru Kakuda
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
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Fernandes SG, Sales WB, Tavares DV, da Silva Pereira D, de Negreiros Nóbrega PV, de Almeida Holanda CM, Maciel ACC. Relationship between Pain, Fear of Falling and Physical Performance in Older People Residents in Long-Stay Institutions: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12014. [PMID: 36231315 PMCID: PMC9566497 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: To analyze the relationship between pain, the fear of falling and functional performance in older people living in a long-stay institution (LSI) in the interior of northeastern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 133 older residents in an LSI in the State of Paraíba. The instruments used for data collection were the Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM), the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results: Pain was reported by 57.5% of those evaluated, 48% being classified as chronic pain and presenting an average of 25.2 in the GPM. As for physical performance, assessed using the SPPB, the 133 older residents showed moderate to poor performance, with an average of 6.43 (±2.96) on the scale. By correlating the adjusted GPM values with the FES-I, a weak and statistically significant positive correlation was obtained (ρ = 0.31: p < 0.001). Conclusions: It can be concluded that those who reported pain had a worse performance in the applied tests, in addition to having higher scores on the scale referring to a fear of falling.
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7
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Chronic pain as a moderator between fear of falling and poor physical performance among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 45:140-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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MacKay S, Ebert P, Harbidge C, Hogan DB. Fear of Falling in Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Recent Literature. Can Geriatr J 2021; 24:379-394. [PMID: 34912493 PMCID: PMC8629501 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.24.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of falling (FOF) is prevalent among older adults and associated with adverse health outcomes. Over recent years a substantial body of research has emerged on its epidemiology, associated factors, and consequences. This scoping review summarizes the FOF literature published between April 2015 and March 2020 in order to inform current practice and identify gaps in the literature. Methods A total of 439 articles related to FOF in older adults were identified, 56 selected for full-text review, and 46 retained for data extraction and synthesis. Results The majority of included studies were cross-sectional. Older age, female sex, previous falls, worse physical performance, and depressive symptoms were the factors most consistently associated with FOF. Studies that measured FOF with a single question reported a significantly lower prevalence of FOF than those using the Falls Efficacy Scale, a continuous measure. FOF was associated with higher likelihoods of future falls, short-term mortality, and functional decline. Conclusions Comparisons between studies were limited by inconsistent definition and measurement of FOF, falls, and other characteristics. Consensus on how to measure FOF and which participant characteristics to evaluate would address this issue. Gaps in the literature include clarifying the relationships between FOF and cognitive, psychological, social, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott MacKay
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - Patricia Ebert
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary.,Specialized Geriatric Services, Calgary Regional Health Authority, Calgary
| | - Cathy Harbidge
- Specialized Geriatric Services, Calgary Regional Health Authority, Calgary
| | - David B Hogan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
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Lee D, Tak SH. Fear of Falling and Related Factors in Older Adults With Spinal Diseases. J Gerontol Nurs 2021; 47:29-35. [PMID: 34309452 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20210624-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fear of falling is common among older adults with spinal diseases. The purpose of the current study was to examine fear of falling and related factors in this population. A total of 138 participants were recruited and completed survey questionnaires along with the Timed Up & Go Test. Participants were 73.7 years old on average, 52% had fall experience, and 56% were taking more than four medications. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that the use of sleeping pills, residence type, pain, activities of daily living, gait ability, and gait efficacy were significant predictors of fear of falling. Findings suggest that a fall prevention intervention for older adults with spinal diseases should include pain management, functional improvement, and gait rehabilitation with a focus on gait performance and gait efficacy. In addition, it is important to improve living environment and sleep hygiene, which are conducive to falls. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(8), 29-35.].
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Otsuka H, Kobayashi H, Suzuki K, Hayashi Y, Ikeda J, Kushimoto M, Omoto W, Hara M, Abe M, Kato K, Soma M. Mobility performance among healthy older adults eligible for long-term care in Japan: a prospective observational study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:1931-1937. [PMID: 31722093 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Disability is an important health problem among older individuals, prompting the need for long-term care. Age-related disability is usually associated with mobility; however, little is known about the association between mobility and long-term care. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association between the timed up and go (TUG) test measuring mobility and long-term care eligibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed follow-up data of 489 community-dwelling healthy older adults (≥ 65 years) who participated in a prospective observational study. They were divided into certified (59 participants) and uncertified (430 participants) groups based on long-term care eligibility. Anthropometric and physical functioning measures included the TUG test and hand grip strength (HGS), among others. These measures were compared between groups and a multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluated the association between the TUG test times and long-term care eligibility. RESULTS Participants' minimum follow-up period was 4 years. TUG times were significantly slower (median time: 7.4 vs. 8.3 s, p < 0.001) and HGS and knee-extension strength significantly lower in the certified group than in the uncertified group. The logistic regression analysis showed that TUG times were significantly associated with long-term care eligibility after adjusting for potential covariates. In addition, mediation analysis showed that 53.1% of the association between HGS and long-term care eligibility was mediated through TUG times. CONCLUSION The TUG test was associated with long-term care eligibility among healthy older adults, implying that the test may be helpful as a predictor for the early determination of dependence in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Otsuka
- Department of Emergency Room and General Medicine, Ageo Central General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchikami-machi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
| | - Kiyozumi Suzuki
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Hayashi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Sasaki Foundation Kyoundo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jin Ikeda
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Kushimoto
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Omoto
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiko Hara
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchikami-machi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Kato
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Soma
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Sasaki Foundation Kyoundo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Toosizadeh N, Wahlert G, Fain M, Mohler J. The effect of vibratory stimulation on the timed-up-and-go mobility test: a pilot study for sensory-related fall risk assessment. Physiol Res 2020; 69:721-730. [PMID: 32672046 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of localized lower-extremity vibration on postural balance have been reported. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of low-frequency vibration of calf muscles on the instrumented Timed-Up-and-Go (iTUG) test among older adults. Older adults were recruited and classified to low (n=10, age=72.9±2.8 years) and high fall risk (n=10, age=83.6±9.6) using STEADI. Vibratory system (30Hz or 40Hz), was positioned on calves along with wearable motion sensors. Participants performed the iTUG test three times, under conditions of no-vibration, 30Hz, and 40Hz vibration. Percentage differences in duration of iTUG components were calculated comparing vibration vs no-vibration conditions. Significant between-group differences were observed in iTUG (p=0.03); high fall risk participants showed reduction in the duration of turning (-10 % with 30Hz; p=0.15 and -15 % with 40Hz; p=0.03) and turning and sitting (-18 % with 30Hz; p=0.02 and -10 % with 40Hz; p=0.08). However, vibration increased turning (+18 % with 30Hz; p=0.20 and +27 % with 40Hz; p=0.12) and turning and sitting duration (+27 % with 30Hz; p=0.11 and +47 % with 40Hz; p=0.12) in low fall risk participants. Findings suggest that lower-extremity vibration affects dynamic balance; however, the level of this influence may differ between low and high fall risk older adults, which can potentially be used for assessing aging-related sensory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Toosizadeh
- Arizona Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, USA.
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Lee A, Lee J, Lee G, Lee DR. Fear of Falling and Mortality among Older Adults in Korea: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:243-249. [PMID: 32392672 PMCID: PMC7385298 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.18.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The fear of falling (FOF) has been reported in a high percentage of elderly people. An excessive FOF is a major concern among the elderly because it can lead to permanent disability. However, the impact of FOF on mortality has been insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of FOF on mortality among the elderly in Korea. Methods This was a prospective study carried out using the database of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, a nationwide study of community-dwelling adults in Korea. Study participants included 3,421 adults, aged 65 years or older, without either severe cognitive impairment (Korean version of Mini-Mental Status Examination ≥10), or previous history of cancer. We used Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between FOF and all-cause mortality. Results This study included 1,474 men and 1,947 women. Cox regression showed that participants with FOF had an increased risk of mortality (mild: hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01−1.54; moderate: HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.23−2.05) after adjusting for confounding variables. In a subgroup analysis, FOF was still a significant risk factor of mortality for patients with no previous history of falling after adjusting for other risk factors, as in the full model, except for history of falling (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.27−2.13). Conclusion We found that FOF was a significant risk factor for mortality in the elderly in Korea. Further studies on the effects and mechanism of FOF on mortality are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Jungun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Gyumin Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
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de Souza IMB, Sakaguchi TF, Yuan SLK, Matsutani LA, do Espírito-Santo ADS, Pereira CADB, Marques AP. Prevalence of low back pain in the elderly population: a systematic review. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019; 74:e789. [PMID: 31664424 PMCID: PMC6807687 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of low-back pain (LBP) and to identify the level of functional disability in elderly individuals in different populations. From January 1985 to October 2018, a search was performed using the following databases: Embase, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Medline, and the Web of Science. The descriptors were low-back pain, back pain, lower-back pain, prevalence, and elderly in Portuguese and English. Two independent reviewers conducted a search for studies and evaluated their methodological quality. The search strategy returned 2186 titles, and 35 were included in this review. The studies evaluated 135,059 elderly individuals aged between 60 and 102 years, and the prevalence of LBP ranged from 21% to 75%. The levels of functional disability, as well as functional difficulties, activities of daily living, and physical capacity, were identified in 60% of the studies. This review indicated a high prevalence of LBP in elderly individuals and functional disability that affects factors important for independence. However, the studies used different methodologies, suggesting that more studies be conducted with scientific accuracy, methodological quality, and low risk of bias to contribute to the proposal of preventive actions for elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingred Merllin Batista de Souza
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Tina Fujii Sakaguchi
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Susan Lee King Yuan
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Luciana Akemi Matsutani
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | | | - Amélia Pasqual Marques
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
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14
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Aburub AS, P Phillips S, Curcio CL, Guerra RO, Auais M. Fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults diagnosed with cancer: A report from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). J Geriatr Oncol 2019; 11:603-609. [PMID: 31653454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of fear of falling (FOF) is high among people with cancer. However, factors that are associated with FOF in people with cancer has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the associated factors with FOF in people with cancer. METHOD This is a secondary analysis of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) study. A total of 175 people self-identified as patients with cancer (mean age: 69.3 years, women: 50.2%) and 177 healthy age-matched group. FOF measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) was the primary outcome. Potential variables/factors for consistency known to be associated with FOF (cognitive status, depression, physical performance, the number of falls in the last year, visual acuity and grip strength) were assessed. Simple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with FOF. Variables with p-value <0.05 were then included in a multiple linear regression adjusted for the study confounders (study site, sex, and age). RESULTS For people with cancer, FES-I was significantly associated with the Leganes Cognitive Test, The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) total scores and the number of falls reported in the past 12 months (P-value <0.05). For the healthy group, FOF was only associated with depression and SPPEB. CONCLUSION FOF is multifactorial in people with cancer and it is associated with cognitive status, physical performance and number of falls in the last year. Healthcare providers for patients with cancer should evaluate all potential factors associated with FOF and manage it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala' S Aburub
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Susan P Phillips
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Carmen-Lucia Curcio
- Research Group on Geriatrics and Gerontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | | | - Mohammad Auais
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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15
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Teixeira L, Araújo L, Duarte N, Ribeiro O. Falls and fear of falling in a sample of centenarians: the role of multimorbidity, pain and anxiety. Psychogeriatrics 2019; 19:457-464. [PMID: 30784146 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the recent history of falls and the existence of fear of falling in a sample of centenarians, and to identify factors associated with both conditions. METHODS The sample included 109 centenarians from two Portuguese studies. The two main outcomes of this study are fear of falling and history of fall(s). RESULTS Results revealed that more than a half (51.4%) of the participants had fallen in the last 5 years and that the percentage of fear of falling was 78.9%. No association was found between the two conditions. The factors associated with each one were found to be different: number of health conditions for history of falls, and pain frequency and anxiety for fear of falling. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between anxiety and fear of falling reinforces the importance of screening both conditions as it can improve their detection and treatment. The established relationship between a high number of health conditions (common at very advanced ages) and falls demands greater attention in fall prevention initiatives specifically targeted to the extremely elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Teixeira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lia Araújo
- CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Education of Viseu, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | | | - Oscar Ribeiro
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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16
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Makino K, Makizako H, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Suzuki T, Shimada H. Impact of fear of falling and fall history on disability incidence among older adults: Prospective cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:658-662. [PMID: 29231272 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fear of falling (FOF) is a major health problem for older adults, present not just in fallers, but also nonfallers. This study examined the impact of FOF and fall history on disability incidence among community-dwelling older adults from a prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 5104 older adults living in community settings participated in baseline assessment and were followed up for about 4 years (median 52 mo, range 49-55 mo). At baseline, participants were assessed the presence of FOF and their fall history, and divided into 4 groups: Fall (-) FOF (-), Fall (+) FOF (-), Fall (-) FOF (+), and Fall (+) FOF (+). Disability incidence was defined as national long-term care insurance certification for personal support or care. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 429 participants (9.9%) were newly certified as having a disability and needing personal support for long-term care insurance. Fall (-) FOF (+) group and Fall (+) FOF (+) group showed a significantly higher risk of disability incidence than Fall (-) FOF (-) group even after adjusting for covariates (Fall (-) FOF (+): hazard ratio 1.28, 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.62, Fall (+) FOF (+): hazard ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.98). CONCLUSIONS Fear of falling could be a simple and useful predictor of disability incidence in community-dwelling older adults. Identifying and decreasing fall risk factors may prevent fall-related injuries, but excessive FOF may be associated with increased risk of disability incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Gerontology, J.F. Oberlin University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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17
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Tomita Y, Arima K, Tsujimoto R, Kawashiri SY, Nishimura T, Mizukami S, Okabe T, Tanaka N, Honda Y, Izutsu K, Yamamoto N, Ohmachi I, Kanagae M, Abe Y, Aoyagi K. Prevalence of fear of falling and associated factors among Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9721. [PMID: 29369207 PMCID: PMC5794391 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of fear of falling and associated factors among Japanese community-dwelling older adults.Cross-sectional study between 2011 and 2013.Community in which residents voluntarily attended a health examination.We recruited 844 older adults (male, n = 350; female, n = 494) aged 60 to 92 years from among those who presented at the health examination.We assessed fear of falling, falls in the previous year, pain, comorbidity, and cataracts. Five times chair stand time was applied as an indicator of physical performance.The prevalence of fear of falling was 26.9% and 43.3% among the men and women, respectively. Men and women who feared falling were older (P < .01), had longer 5 times chair stand time (P < .01), and more falls in the previous year (P < .05), pain (P < .01), and comorbidity (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified advanced age (odds ratios [OR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.39), falls in the previous year (OR, 2.44; 95%CI, 1.29-4.64), and pain (OR, 1.82; 95%CI, 1.03-3.22) in men, and advanced age (OR, 1.59; 95%CI, 1.13-2.24), longer 5 times chair stand times (OR, 1.28; 95%CI, 1.04-1.59), falls in the previous year (OR, 2.59; 95%CI, 1.54-4.34), and pain (OR, 1.65; 95%CI, 1.06-2.55) in women as being independently associated with fear of falling.The prevalence of fear of falling was similar to previous reports. Advanced age, falls in previous year, and pain were associated with fear of falling in men. A longer 5 times chair stand time was also associated with fear of falling among older adult women. Maintenance of physical function and pain management might be important for older adults with fear of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Tomita
- Department of Public Health
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishi-Isahaya Hospital, Isahaya
| | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Mizukami
- Department of Public Health
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishi-Isahaya Hospital, Isahaya
| | - Takuhiro Okabe
- Department of Public Health
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishi-Isahaya Hospital, Isahaya
| | | | | | | | - Naoko Yamamoto
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine Kagoshima University, Kagoshima
| | - Izumi Ohmachi
- Department of Health Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kanagae
- Department of Public Health
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishi-Isahaya Hospital, Isahaya
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18
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Taghadosi M, Motaharian E, Gilasi H. Fear of falling and related factors in older adults in the city of Kashan in 2017. ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/atr.atr_27_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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19
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Bohannon RW, Wolfson LI, White WB. Functional reach of older adults: normative reference values based on new and published data. Physiotherapy 2017; 103:387-391. [PMID: 28843449 PMCID: PMC5628099 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide normative reference values for the standing functional reach test for older adults. DESIGN Observational study and meta-analysis of data from published studies. SETTING Clinical Research Center. PARTICIPANTS Older adults: 199 hypertensive from INFINITY study and 7535 from consolidation of INFINITY and 20 other studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Functional reach. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) for functional reach for the hypertensive older adults was 27.5 (7.2) cm. For the consolidated sample of older adults, a random effects model determined a weighted mean (standard error) functional reach of 27.2 (0.9) cm with a 95% confidence interval of 25.5 to 28.9cm. CONCLUSION Pending the availability of data from a large population-based study, the summary data presented herein can serve as a reasonable estimate of normal functional reach for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Bohannon
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Lillington, NC, USA.
| | - Leslie I Wolfson
- Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - William B White
- Division of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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20
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Vega-Ramírez FA, López-Liria R, Granados-Gámez G, Aguilar-Parra JM, Padilla-Góngora D. Analysis of home-based rehabilitation in patients with motor impairment in primary care: a prospective observational study. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:145. [PMID: 28705187 PMCID: PMC5513088 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of health and social policies is to encourage older people more longevity, remain free of disability and experience quality of life while living in their homes. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of 473 patients diagnosed with motor impairment in primary care, the objectives of home-based rehabilitation and its functional impact. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted in the Almería Health District. The analysed variables included age, gender, secondary diagnosis, Barthel Index (BI), physiotherapeutic objectives and techniques, and number of sessions. Results The sample had a mean age of 83 years, and 59% were women. The assessed conditions with a high prevalence included osteoarticular pathology (55%), Alzheimer’s disease (15.1%), cardiovascular disease (13.7%) and stroke (6.5%). The techniques applied mainly consisted of functional exercises (57.1%), caregiver education (13.8%), and technical assistance (5.7%). There were statistically significant differences (t = −15.79; p < 0.001) between initial (X = 34.8) and final BI (X = 48.1), with an improvement of 13.4 points in patients’ functional capacity (95% confidence interval [CI]: −15.0 to −11.7). An equation was constructed to predict patients’ final BI as a function of the initial BI using a multiple linear regression model. The regression model explained 78% of the variance in patients with motor impairment. Conclusions Important improvements were obtained in terms of functional capacity with a mean of ten sessions of physiotherapy. Lower patient age was correlated with higher initial and final functional capacities in primary care. This study aimed to present a useful starting point for decision making among management and health administration regarding this population group by approaching the process from the reality of practice and in relation to the rehabilitation provided. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02715245; Date of registration: 18 January 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Antonio Vega-Ramírez
- Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas. Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain
| | - Remedios López-Liria
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, CERNEP. University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain.
| | - Genoveva Granados-Gámez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Aguilar-Parra
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain
| | - David Padilla-Góngora
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano, 04250, Almería, Spain
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21
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Makino K, Makizako H, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Suzuki T, Shimada H. Fear of falling and gait parameters in older adults with and without fall history. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2455-2459. [PMID: 28656737 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Fear of falling (FOF) is associated with spatial and temporal gait parameters in older adults. FOF is prevalent among older adults, both those with and without fall history. It is still unclear whether the relationships between FOF and gait parameters are affected by fall history. The aim of the present study was to compare gait parameters by the presence of FOF and fall history. METHODS A total of 3575 older adults (mean age 71.7 years, 49.7% female) met the inclusion criteria for the present study. We assessed the presence of fall history and FOF by face-to-face interview, and gait parameters (gait speed, stride length, step rate, double support time and variation of stride length) at a comfortable speed using a computerized electronic walkway. RESULTS Prevalences of fall history and FOF were as follows: non-fallers without FOF 52.6% (n = 1881); fallers without FOF 6.3% (n = 227); non-fallers with FOF 34.4% (n = 1229); and fallers with FOF 6.7% (n = 238). Analysis of covariance showed significant differences among the four groups in all gait variables even after adjusting for age, sex and number of medications used. It should be noted that non-fallers with FOF showed significantly slower gait speed, shorter stride length and longer double support time than did non-fallers without FOF (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that spatial and temporal gait parameters are influenced by FOF, even in the absence of fall history. The assessment of FOF might be helpful for better understanding of age-related changes in gait control. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2455-2459.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Suzuki
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Gerontology, J.F. Oberlin University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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22
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Wong AYL, Karppinen J, Samartzis D. Low back pain in older adults: risk factors, management options and future directions. SCOLIOSIS AND SPINAL DISORDERS 2017; 12:14. [PMID: 28435906 PMCID: PMC5395891 DOI: 10.1186/s13013-017-0121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the major disabling health conditions among older adults aged 60 years or older. While most causes of LBP among older adults are non-specific and self-limiting, seniors are prone to develop certain LBP pathologies and/or chronic LBP given their age-related physical and psychosocial changes. Unfortunately, no review has previously summarized/discussed various factors that may affect the effective LBP management among older adults. Accordingly, the objectives of the current narrative review were to comprehensively summarize common causes and risk factors (modifiable and non-modifiable) of developing severe/chronic LBP in older adults, to highlight specific issues in assessing and treating seniors with LBP, and to discuss future research directions. Existing evidence suggests that prevalence rates of severe and chronic LBP increase with older age. As compared to working-age adults, older adults are more likely to develop certain LBP pathologies (e.g., osteoporotic vertebral fractures, tumors, spinal infection, and lumbar spinal stenosis). Importantly, various age-related physical, psychological, and mental changes (e.g., spinal degeneration, comorbidities, physical inactivity, age-related changes in central pain processing, and dementia), as well as multiple risk factors (e.g., genetic, gender, and ethnicity), may affect the prognosis and management of LBP in older adults. Collectively, by understanding the impacts of various factors on the assessment and treatment of older adults with LBP, both clinicians and researchers can work toward the direction of more cost-effective and personalized LBP management for older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold YL Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dino Samartzis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
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23
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Moreira BDS, Sampaio RF, Diz JBM, Bastone ADC, Ferriolli E, Neri AL, Lourenço RA, Dias RC, Kirkwood RN. Factors associated with fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults with and without diabetes mellitus: Findings from the Frailty in Brazilian Older People Study (FIBRA-BR). Exp Gerontol 2017; 89:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Chang HT, Chen HC, Chou P. Factors Associated with Fear of Falling among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Shih-Pai Study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150612. [PMID: 26933882 PMCID: PMC4775068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of falling is an important risk indicator for adverse health related outcomes in older adults. However, factors associated with fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults are not well-explored. Objectives To explore the quality of life and associated factors in fear of falling among older people in the Shih-Pai area in Taiwan. Methods This community-based survey recruited three thousand eight hundred and twenty-four older adults aged ≥ 65 years. The measurements included a structured questionnaire, including quality of life by using Short-Form 36, and information of fear of falling, fall history, demographics, medical conditions, insomnia, sleep quality, depression and subjective health through face-to-face interviews. Results A total of 53.4% of participants reported a fear of falling. The rate of fear of falling was higher in female subjects. Subjects with fear of falling had lower Short Form-36 scores both for men and women. Falls in the previous year, older age, insomnia, depression and worse subjective health were correlates of fear of falling for both sexes. Male-specific associations with fear of falling were the accessibility of medical help in an emergency, diabetes mellitus and stroke. In parallel, cardiovascular diseases were a female-specific correlate for fear of falling. Conclusions Fear of falling is prevalent among community-dwelling older adults. It is seems that there are gender differences in fear of falling with respect to the prevalence and associated factors in older adults. Gender differences should be considered when planning prevention and intervention strategies for fear of falling among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ting Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pesus Chou
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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