1
|
Flórez Rivera AF, Esteves LG, Fossaluza V, de Bragança Pereira CA. On the Nuisance Parameter Elimination Principle in Hypothesis Testing. Entropy (Basel) 2024; 26:117. [PMID: 38392373 PMCID: PMC10888291 DOI: 10.3390/e26020117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The Non-Informative Nuisance Parameter Principle concerns the problem of how inferences about a parameter of interest should be made in the presence of nuisance parameters. The principle is examined in the context of the hypothesis testing problem. We prove that the mixed test obeys the principle for discrete sample spaces. We also show how adherence of the mixed test to the principle can make performance of the test much easier. These findings are illustrated with new solutions to well-known problems of testing hypotheses for count data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Gustavo Esteves
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Victor Fossaluza
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Diniz JB, Bazán PR, Pereira CADB, Saraiva EF, Ramos PRC, de Oliveira AR, Reimer AE, Hoexter MQ, Miguel EC, Shavitt RG, Batistuzzo MC. Brain activation during fear extinction recall in unmedicated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 336:111733. [PMID: 37913655 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Specific brain activation patterns during fear conditioning and the recall of previously extinguished fear responses have been associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, further replication studies are necessary. We measured skin-conductance response and blood oxygenation level-dependent responses in unmedicated adult patients with OCD (n = 27) and healthy participants (n = 22) submitted to a two-day fear-conditioning experiment comprising fear conditioning, extinction (day 1) and extinction recall (day 2). During conditioning, groups differed regarding the skin conductance reactivity to the aversive stimulus (shock) and regarding the activation of the right opercular cortex, insular cortex, putamen, and lingual gyrus in response to conditioned stimuli. During extinction recall, patients with OCD had higher responses to stimuli and smaller differences between responses to conditioned and neutral stimuli. For the entire sample, the higher the response delta between conditioned and neutral stimuli, the greater the dACC activation for the same contrast during early extinction recall. While activation of the dACC predicted the average difference between responses to stimuli for the entire sample, groups did not differ regarding the activation of the dACC during extinction recall. Larger unmedicated samples might be necessary to replicate the previous findings reported in patients with OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Belo Diniz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Rodrigo Bazán
- Radiology Institute, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 75, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627, 05652-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Erlandson Ferreira Saraiva
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Universidade Federal do Mato grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Caixa Postal 549, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Paula Roberta Camargo Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, Caixa Postal: 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, 14050-220, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Edgar Reimer
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, Caixa Postal: 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, 14050-220, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Queiroz Hoexter
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Euripedes Constantino Miguel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roseli Gedanke Shavitt
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Camargo Batistuzzo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Methods and Techniques in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University, Rua Monte Alegre, 984, 05014-901, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoyos AEP, Fossaluza V, Esteves LG, de Bragança Pereira CA. Adaptive Significance Levels in Tests for Linear Regression Models: The e-Value and P-Value Cases. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 25:e25010019. [PMID: 36673160 PMCID: PMC9858150 DOI: 10.3390/e25010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The full Bayesian significance test (FBST) for precise hypotheses is a Bayesian alternative to the traditional significance tests based on p-values. The FBST is characterized by the e-value as an evidence index in favor of the null hypothesis (H). An important practical issue for the implementation of the FBST is to establish how small the evidence against H must be in order to decide for its rejection. In this work, we present a method to find a cutoff value for the e-value in the FBST by minimizing the linear combination of the averaged type-I and type-II error probabilities for a given sample size and also for a given dimensionality of the parameter space. Furthermore, we compare our methodology with the results obtained from the test with adaptive significance level, which presents the capital-P P-value as a decision-making evidence measure. For this purpose, the scenario of linear regression models with unknown variance under the Bayesian approach is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra E. Patiño Hoyos
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo, Medellín 050034, Colombia
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Victor Fossaluza
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Luís Gustavo Esteves
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ramon M, Ribeiro AP, Theophilo CYS, Moreira EG, de Camargo PB, de Bragança Pereira CA, Saraiva EF, dos Reis Tavares A, Dias AG, Nowak D, Ferreira ML. Assessment of four urban forest as environmental indicator of air quality: a study in a brazilian megacity. Urban Ecosyst 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-022-01296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Saraiva EF, Vigas VP, Flesch MV, Gannon M, de Bragança Pereira CA. Modeling Overdispersed Dengue Data via Poisson Inverse Gaussian Regression Model: A Case Study in the City of Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 24:1256. [PMID: 36141142 PMCID: PMC9497985 DOI: 10.3390/e24091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a tropical disease transmitted mainly by the female Aedes aegypti mosquito that affects millions of people every year. As there is still no safe and effective vaccine, currently the best way to prevent the disease is to control the proliferation of the transmitting mosquito. Since the proliferation and life cycle of the mosquito depend on environmental variables such as temperature and water availability, among others, statistical models are needed to understand the existing relationships between environmental variables and the recorded number of dengue cases and predict the number of cases for some future time interval. This prediction is of paramount importance for the establishment of control policies. In general, dengue-fever datasets contain the number of cases recorded periodically (in days, weeks, months or years). Since many dengue-fever datasets tend to be of the overdispersed, long-tail type, some common models like the Poisson regression model or negative binomial regression model are not adequate to model it. For this reason, in this paper we propose modeling a dengue-fever dataset by using a Poisson-inverse-Gaussian regression model. The main advantage of this model is that it adequately models overdispersed long-tailed data because it has a wider skewness range than the negative binomial distribution. We illustrate the application of this model in a real dataset and compare its performance to that of a negative binomial regression model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valdemiro Piedade Vigas
- Institute of Matematics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Villela Flesch
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Mark Gannon
- Institute of Matematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Costa DLDC, de Campos AP, Pereira CADB, Torres AR, Dos Santos AC, Requena G, Ferrão YA, do Rosário MC, Miguel EC, Simpson HB, Shavitt RG, Diniz JB. Latency to treatment seeking in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from a large multicenter clinical sample. Psychiatry Res 2022; 312:114567. [PMID: 35490573 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the factors associated with a delay in treatment-seeking among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a disabling neuropsychiatric disorder. To achieve this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional study examining latency to treatment (LTT) and its associated correlates in 863 patients with OCD. We defined LTT as the time lag between the awareness of discomfort and/or impairment caused by symptoms and the beginning of OCD-specific treatment. To determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with LTT, we built an interval-censored survival model to simultaneously assess the relationship between all variables, representing the best fit to our data format. The results of our study showed that approximately one-third of OCD patients sought treatment within two years of symptom awareness, one-third between two and nine years, and one-third after ten or more years. Median LTT was 4.0 years (mean = 7.96, SD = 9.54). Longer LTT was associated with older age, early onset of OCD symptoms, presence of contamination/cleaning symptoms and full-time employment. Shorter LTT was associated with the presence of aggression symptoms and comorbidity with hypochondriasis. The results of our study confirm the understanding that LTT in OCD is influenced by several interdependent variables - some of which are modifiable. Strategies for reducing LTT should focus on older patients, who work in a full-time job, and on individuals with early onset of OCD and contamination/cleaning symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lucas da Conceição Costa
- Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
- Institute of Applied Mathematics (INMA), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albina R Torres
- Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil; Deparment of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Allan Christiano Dos Santos
- Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guaraci Requena
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Florestal, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ygor Arzeno Ferrão
- Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil; Clinical Medical Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Conceição do Rosário
- Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes Constantino Miguel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil
| | - Helen Blair Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roseli Gedanke Shavitt
- Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil
| | - Juliana Belo Diniz
- Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (CTOC), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
dos Santos GS, Miyasato PA, Stein EM, Colepicolo P, Wright AD, Pereira CADB, Falkenberg M, Nakano E. Algal-Derived Halogenated Sesquiterpenes from Laurencia dendroidea as Lead Compounds in Schistosomiasis Environmental Control. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:111. [PMID: 35200640 PMCID: PMC8874501 DOI: 10.3390/md20020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis has been controlled for more than 40 years with a single drug, praziquantel, and only one molluscicide, niclosamide, raising concern of the possibility of the emergence of resistant strains. However, the molecular targets for both agents are thus far unknown. Consequently, the search for lead compounds from natural sources has been encouraged due to their diverse structure and function. Our search for natural compounds with potential use in schistosomiasis control led to the identification of an algal species, Laurencia dendroidea, whose extracts demonstrated significant activity toward both Schistosoma mansoni parasites and their intermediate host snails Biomphalaria glabrata. In the present study, three seaweed-derived halogenated sesquiterpenes, (-)-elatol, rogiolol, and obtusol are proposed as potential lead compounds for the development of anthelminthic drugs for the treatment of and pesticides for the environmental control of schistosomiasis. The three compounds were screened for their antischistosomal and molluscicidal activities. The screening revealed that rogiolol exhibits significant activity toward the survival of adult worms, and that all three compounds showed activity against S. mansoni cercariae and B. glabrata embryos. Biomonitored fractioning of L. dendroidea extracts indicated elatol as the most active compound toward cercariae larvae and snail embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Senna dos Santos
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-000, SP CEP, Brazil; (G.S.d.S.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Patrícia Aoki Miyasato
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-000, SP CEP, Brazil; (G.S.d.S.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Erika Mattos Stein
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, USP—Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-00, SP, Brazil; (E.M.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Pio Colepicolo
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, USP—Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-00, SP, Brazil; (E.M.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Anthony D. Wright
- DKI College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
- Right Consulting, 15 Amauulu Road, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | | | - Miriam Falkenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil;
| | - Eliana Nakano
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-000, SP CEP, Brazil; (G.S.d.S.); (P.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tahira A, Marques F, Lisboa B, Feltrin A, Barbosa A, de Oliveira KC, de Bragança Pereira CA, Leite R, Grinberg L, Suemoto C, de Lucena Ferretti-Rebustini RE, Pasqualucci CA, Jacob-Filho W, Brentani H, Palha JA. Are the 50's, the transition decade, in choroid plexus aging? GeroScience 2021; 43:225-237. [PMID: 33576945 PMCID: PMC8050122 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The choroid plexus (CP) is an important structure for the brain. Besides its major role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it conveys signals originating from the brain, and from the circulatory system, shaping brain function in health and in pathology. Previous studies in rodents have revealed altered transcriptome both during aging and in various diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, a high-throughput sequencing of the CP transcriptome was performed in postmortem samples of clinically healthy individuals aged 50's through 80's. The data shows an age-related profile, with the main changes occurring in the transition from the 50's to the 60's, stabilizing thereafter. Specifically, neuronal and membrane functions distinguish the transcriptome between the 50's and the 60's, while neuronal and axon development and extracellular structure organization differentiate the 50's from the 70's. These findings suggest that changes in the CP transcriptome occur early in the aging process. Future studies will unravel whether these relate with processes occurring in late- onset brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tahira
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bianca Lisboa
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Feltrin
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - André Barbosa
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Inter-institutional Grad Program on Bioinformatics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia Cristina de Oliveira
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Leite
- Biobank for Aging Studies Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lea Grinberg
- Biobank for Aging Studies Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Suemoto
- Biobank for Aging Studies Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Pasqualucci
- Biobank for Aging Studies Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Biobank for Aging Studies Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joana Almeida Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
- Clinical Academic Center, Braga, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Andrew Gannon
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Matemática Aplicada, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Adriano Polpo
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of São Carlos
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Souza IMB, Sakaguchi TF, Yuan SLK, Matsutani LA, do Espírito-Santo ADS, Pereira CADB, Marques AP. Prevalence of low back pain in the elderly population: a systematic review. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019; 74:e789. [PMID: 31664424 PMCID: PMC6807687 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of low-back pain (LBP) and to identify the level of functional disability in elderly individuals in different populations. From January 1985 to October 2018, a search was performed using the following databases: Embase, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Medline, and the Web of Science. The descriptors were low-back pain, back pain, lower-back pain, prevalence, and elderly in Portuguese and English. Two independent reviewers conducted a search for studies and evaluated their methodological quality. The search strategy returned 2186 titles, and 35 were included in this review. The studies evaluated 135,059 elderly individuals aged between 60 and 102 years, and the prevalence of LBP ranged from 21% to 75%. The levels of functional disability, as well as functional difficulties, activities of daily living, and physical capacity, were identified in 60% of the studies. This review indicated a high prevalence of LBP in elderly individuals and functional disability that affects factors important for independence. However, the studies used different methodologies, suggesting that more studies be conducted with scientific accuracy, methodological quality, and low risk of bias to contribute to the proposal of preventive actions for elderly populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingred Merllin Batista de Souza
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Tina Fujii Sakaguchi
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Susan Lee King Yuan
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Luciana Akemi Matsutani
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | | | - Amélia Pasqual Marques
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fatori D, de Bragança Pereira CA, Asbahr FR, Requena G, Alvarenga PG, de Mathis MA, Rohde LA, Leckman JF, March JS, Polanczyk GV, Miguel EC, Shavitt RG. Adaptive treatment strategies for children and adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial. J Anxiety Disord 2018; 58:42-50. [PMID: 30025255 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) tested the effect of beginning treatment of childhood OCD with fluoxetine (FLX) or group cognitive-behavioral therapy (GCBT) accounting for treatment failures over time. METHODS A two-stage, 28-week SMART was conducted with 83 children and adolescents with OCD. Participants were randomly allocated to GCBT or FLX for 14 weeks. Responders to the initial treatment remained in the same regimen for additional 14 weeks. Non-responders, defined by less than 50% reduction in baseline Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores, were re-randomized to either switch to or add the other treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, 7, 14, 21, and 28 weeks. RESULTS Among the 43 children randomized to FLX who completed the first stage, 15 (41.7%) responded to treatment and 21 non-responders were randomized to switch to (N = 9) or add GCBT (N = 12). Among the 40 children randomized to GCBT who completed the first stage, 18 (51.4%) responded to treatment and 17 non-responders were randomized to switch to (N = 9) or add FLX (N = 8). Primary analysis showed that significant improvement occurred in children initially treated with either FLX or GCBT. Each time point was statistically significant, showing a linear trend of symptom reduction. Effect sizes were large within (0.76-0.78) and small between (-0.05) groups. CONCLUSIONS Fluoxetine and GCBT are similarly effective initial treatments for childhood OCD considering treatment failures over time. Consequently, provision of treatment for childhood OCD could be tailored according to the availability of local resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fatori
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernando R Asbahr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guaraci Requena
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro G Alvarenga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luis A Rohde
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - James F Leckman
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John S March
- Division of Neurosciences Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Guilherme V Polanczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes C Miguel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Paquola ACM, Asif H, Pereira CADB, Feltes BC, Bonatto D, Lima WC, Menck CFM. Horizontal Gene Transfer Building Prokaryote Genomes: Genes Related to Exchange Between Cell and Environment are Frequently Transferred. J Mol Evol 2018; 86:190-203. [DOI: 10.1007/s00239-018-9836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
14
|
Pereira CADB. A comment on "Writing Good English: Is scientific English a Latin Language in Disguise?". Medical Express 2018. [DOI: 10.5935/medicalexpress.2018.ml.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
15
|
|
16
|
Shavitt RG, Requena G, Alonso P, Zai G, Costa DLC, de Bragança Pereira CA, do Rosário MC, Morais I, Fontenelle L, Cappi C, Kennedy J, Menchon JM, Miguel E, Richter PMA. Quantifying dimensional severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder for neurobiological research. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 79:206-212. [PMID: 28673486 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Current research to explore genetic susceptibility factors in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has resulted in the tentative identification of a small number of genes. However, findings have not been readily replicated. It is now broadly accepted that a major limitation to this work is the heterogeneous nature of this disorder, and that an approach incorporating OCD symptom dimensions in a quantitative manner may be more successful in identifying both common as well as dimension-specific vulnerability genetic factors. As most existing genetic datasets did not collect specific dimensional severity ratings, a specific method to reliably extract dimensional ratings from the most widely used severity rating scale, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), for OCD is needed. This project aims to develop and validate a novel algorithm to extrapolate specific dimensional symptom severity ratings in OCD from the existing YBOCS for use in genetics and other neurobiological research. To accomplish this goal, we used a large data set comprising adult subjects from three independent sites: the Brazilian OCD Consortium, the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada and the Hospital of Bellvitge, in Barcelona, Spain. A multinomial logistic regression was proposed to model and predict the quantitative phenotype [i.e., the severity of each of the five homogeneous symptom dimensions of the Dimensional YBOCS (DYBOCS)] in subjects who have only YBOCS (categorical) data. YBOCS and DYBOCS data obtained from 1183 subjects were used to build the model, which was tested with the leave-one-out cross-validation method. The model's goodness of fit, accepting a deviation of up to three points in the predicted DYBOCS score, varied from 78% (symmetry/order) to 84% (cleaning/contamination and hoarding dimensions). These results suggest that this algorithm may be a valuable tool for extracting dimensional phenotypic data for neurobiological studies in OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roseli G Shavitt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campo, 785/3(o). andar-sala 7. CEP 01060-970 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Guaraci Requena
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, R. do Matão, 1010 - Vila Universitaria, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Pino Alonso
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gwyneth Zai
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Suite FG42, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Daniel L C Costa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campo, 785/3(o). andar-sala 7. CEP 01060-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, R. do Matão, 1010 - Vila Universitaria, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Maria Conceição do Rosário
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Borges Lagoa 570, CEP04038-020 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivanil Morais
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campo, 785/3(o). andar-sala 7. CEP 01060-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Fontenelle
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Av. Venceslau Braz, 71 fundos. Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-140, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cappi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campo, 785/3(o). andar-sala 7. CEP 01060-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James Kennedy
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Suite FG42, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Jose M Menchon
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Euripedes Miguel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campo, 785/3(o). andar-sala 7. CEP 01060-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peggy M A Richter
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Suite FG42, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
da Silva Cantinha R, Borrely SI, Oguiura N, de Bragança Pereira CA, Rigolon MM, Nakano E. HSP70 expression in Biomphalaria glabrata snails exposed to cadmium. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 140:18-23. [PMID: 28231501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of the heavy metal cadmium on the stress protein HSP70 are investigated in freshwater mollusks Biomphalaria glabrata. Adult snails were exposed for 96h to CdCl2 at concentrations ranging from 0.09 to 0.7mgL-1 (LC50/96h=0.34 (0.30-0.37). Time and concentration-dependent increases in the expression of HSP70 were observed at sub-lethal levels in the immunoblotting assay. Further, an increased survival to a lethal heat shock was observed in animals pre-exposed to a nonlethal concentration of cadmium, evidencing the induction of acquired tolerance. The present study demonstrated the inducibility of B. glabrata HSP70 by cadmium, a relevant environmental contaminant, at non-lethal levels, providing evidences that the assessment of HSP70 in B. glabrata can be regarded as a suitable biomarker for ecotoxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca da Silva Cantinha
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP CEP 05503-900, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Ivone Borrely
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Nancy Oguiura
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP CEP 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1010, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP CEP 05008-090, Brazil.
| | - Marcela M Rigolon
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP CEP 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Eliana Nakano
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP CEP 05503-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sala P, Belarmino G, Machado NM, Cardinelli CS, Al Assal K, Silva MM, Fonseca DC, Ishida RK, Santo MA, de Moura EGH, Sakai P, Guarda IFMS, da Silva IDCG, Rodrigues AS, Pereira CADB, Heymsfield S, Doré J, Torrinhas RSMDM, Giannella-Neto D, Waitzberg DL. The SURMetaGIT study: Design and rationale for a prospective pan-omics examination of the gastrointestinal response to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. J Int Med Res 2016; 44:1359-1375. [PMID: 27834300 PMCID: PMC5536762 DOI: 10.1177/0300060516667862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the protocol of the SURgically induced Metabolic effects on the Human GastroIntestinal Tract (SURMetaGIT) study, a clinical pan-omics study exploring the gastrointestinal tract as a central organ driving remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The main points considered in the study’s design and challenges faced in its application are detailed. Methods This observational, longitudinal, prospective study involved collection of gastrointestinal biopsy specimens, faeces, urine, and blood from 25 obese women with T2DM who were candidates for RYGB (20 patients for omics assessment and 5 for omics validation). These collections were performed preoperatively and 3 and 24 months postoperatively. Gastrointestinal transcriptomics; faecal metagenomics and metabolomics; plasma proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics; and biochemical, nutritional, and metabolic data were assessed to identify their short- and long-term correlations with T2DM remission. Results Data were collected from 20 patients before and 3 months after RYGB. These patients have nearly completed the 2-year follow-up assessments. The five additional patients are currently being selected for omics data validation. Conclusion The multi-integrated pan-omics approach of the SURMetaGIT study enables integrated analysis of data that will contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in T2DM remission after RYGB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Sala
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Priscila Sala - Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 2° andar, sala 2208 – Cerqueira César - CEP: 01246-903, São Paulo – SP, Brazil.
| | - Giliane Belarmino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natasha Mendonça Machado
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Siqueira Cardinelli
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Al Assal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariane Marques Silva
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cristina Fonseca
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Kiyoshi Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Santo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Steven Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, LA, USA
| | - Joel Doré
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, France
| | | | | | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Surgery Discipline, School of Medicine, FMUSP – University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Diniz J, Fossaluza V, de Bragança Pereira CA, Wechsler S. Rain dance: the role of randomization in clinical trials. OAJCT 2016. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
20
|
Tallarico LDF, Borrely SI, Hamada N, Grazeffe VS, Ohlweiler FP, Okazaki K, Granatelli AT, Pereira IW, Pereira CADB, Nakano E. Developmental toxicity, acute toxicity and mutagenicity testing in freshwater snails Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca: Gastropoda) exposed to chromium and water samples. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 110:208-215. [PMID: 25259848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A protocol combining acute toxicity, developmental toxicity and mutagenicity analysis in freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata for application in ecotoxicological studies is described. For acute toxicity testing, LC50 and EC50 values were determined; dominant lethal mutations induction was the endpoint for mutagenicity analysis. Reference toxicant potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was used to characterize B. glabrata sensitivity for toxicity and cyclophosphamide to mutagenicity testing purposes. Compared to other relevant freshwater species, B. glabrata showed high sensitivity: the lowest EC50 value was obtained with embryos at veliger stage (5.76mg/L). To assess the model applicability for environmental studies, influent and effluent water samples from a wastewater treatment plant were evaluated. Gastropod sensitivity was assessed in comparison to the standardized bioassay with Daphnia similis exposed to the same water samples. Sampling sites identified as toxic to daphnids were also detected by snails, showing a qualitatively similar sensitivity suggesting that B. glabrata is a suitable test species for freshwater monitoring. Holding procedures and protocols implemented for toxicity and developmental bioassays showed to be in compliance with international standards for intra-laboratory precision. Thereby, we are proposing this system for application in ecotoxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lenita de Freitas Tallarico
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, no 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Ivone Borrely
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, no 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Hamada
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, no 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Siqueira Grazeffe
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pires Ohlweiler
- Laboratório de Malacologia, Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Rua Cardeal Arcoverde, no 2878, CEP 05408-003, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kayo Okazaki
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, no 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Tosatte Granatelli
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivana Wuo Pereira
- Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo, R. Major Pinheiro Fróes, no 1.560, CEP 08680-000, Suzano, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, no 1010, CEP 05008-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana Nakano
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bastos EP, Brentani H, Pasini FS, Silva ART, Torres CH, Puga RD, Olivieri EHR, Piovezani AR, Pereira CADB, Machado-Lima A, Carraro DM, Brentani MM. MicroRNAs discriminate familial from sporadic non-BRCA1/2 breast carcinoma arising in patients ≤35 years. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101656. [PMID: 25006670 PMCID: PMC4090167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of genetic factors may contribute to the poor prognosis of breast cancer (BC) at a very young age. However BRCA1/2 mutations could not explain the majority of cases arising in these patients. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been implicated in biological processes associated with BC. Therefore, we investigated differences in miRs expression between tumors from young patients (≤35 years) with sporadic or familial history and non-carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations. Thirty-six young Brazilian patients were divided into 2 groups: sporadic (NF-BC) or familial breast cancer (F-BC). Most of the samples were classified as luminal A and B and the frequency of subtypes did not differ between familial or sporadic cases. Using real time qPCR and discriminant function analysis, we identified 9 miRs whose expression levels rather than miR identity can discriminate between both patient groups. Candidate predicted targets were determined by combining results from miRWalk algorithms with mRNA expression profiles (n = 91 differently expressed genes). MiR/mRNA integrated analysis identified 91 candidate genes showing positive or negative correlation to at least 1 of the 9 miRs. Co-expression analysis of these genes with 9 miRs indicated that 49 differentially co-expressed miR-gene interactions changes in F-BC tumors as compared to those of NF-BC tumors. Out of 49, 17 (34.6%) of predicted miR-gene interactions showed an inverse correlation suggesting that miRs act as post-transcriptional regulators, whereas 14 (28.6%) miR-gene pairs tended to be co-expressed in the same direction indicating that the effects exerted by these miRs pointed to a complex level of target regulation. The remaining 18 pairs were not predicted by our criteria suggesting involvement of other regulators. MiR-mRNA co-expression analysis allowed us to identify changes in the miR-mRNA regulation that were able to distinguish tumors from familial and sporadic young BC patients non-carriers of BRCA mutations.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Female
- Genes, BRCA1
- Genes, BRCA2
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elen Pereira Bastos
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology – Laboratory of Medical Investigation 23 (LIM 23), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fatima Solange Pasini
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aderbal Ruy T. Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology – Laboratory of Medical Investigation 23 (LIM 23), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Henrique Torres
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology – Laboratory of Medical Investigation 23 (LIM 23), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato David Puga
- Clinical Research Center - Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein- HIAE, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Ariane Machado-Lima
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, Research Center (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Mitzi Brentani
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Silva ART, Santos ACF, Farfel JM, Grinberg LT, Ferretti REL, Campos AHJFM, Cunha IW, Begnami MD, Rocha RM, Carraro DM, de Bragança Pereira CA, Jacob-Filho W, Brentani H. Repair of oxidative DNA damage, cell-cycle regulation and neuronal death may influence the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99897. [PMID: 24936870 PMCID: PMC4061071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline associated with a featured neuropathology (neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles). Several studies have implicated oxidative damage to DNA, DNA repair, and altered cell-cycle regulation in addition to cell death in AD post-mitotic neurons. However, there is a lack of studies that systematically assess those biological processes in patients with AD neuropathology but with no evidence of cognitive impairment. We evaluated markers of oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG, H2AX), DNA repair (p53, BRCA1, PTEN), and cell-cycle (Cdk1, Cdk4, Cdk5, Cyclin B1, Cyclin D1, p27Kip1, phospho-Rb and E2F1) through immunohistochemistry and cell death through TUNEL in autopsy hippocampal tissue samples arrayed in a tissue microarray (TMA) composed of three groups: I) “clinical-pathological AD” (CP-AD) - subjects with neuropathological AD (Braak≥IV and CERAD = B or C) and clinical dementia (CDR≥2, IQCODE>3.8); II) “pathological AD” (P-AD) - subjects with neuropathological AD (Braak≥IV and CERAD = B or C) and without cognitive impairment (CDR 0, IQCODE<3.2); and III) “normal aging” (N) - subjects without neuropathological AD (Braak≤II and CERAD 0 or A) and with normal cognitive function (CDR 0, IQCODE<3.2). Our results show that high levels of oxidative DNA damage are present in all groups. However, significant reductions in DNA repair and cell-cycle inhibition markers and increases in cell-cycle progression and cell death markers in subjects with CP-AD were detected when compared to both P-AD and N groups, whereas there were no significant differences in the studied markers between P-AD individuals and N subjects. This study indicates that, even in the setting of pathological AD, healthy cognition may be associated with a preserved repair to DNA damage, cell-cycle regulation, and cell death in post-mitotic neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aderbal R. T. Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 23 (LIM 23), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Feio Santos
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 23 (LIM 23), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose M. Farfel
- Brazilian Brain Bank of the Aging Brain Study Group - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 22 (LIM 22), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Brazilian Brain Bank of the Aging Brain Study Group - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 22 (LIM 22), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Renata E. L. Ferretti
- Brazilian Brain Bank of the Aging Brain Study Group - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 22 (LIM 22), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael M. Rocha
- Research Center (CIPE), A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dirce M. Carraro
- Research Center (CIPE), A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Brazilian Brain Bank of the Aging Brain Study Group - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 22 (LIM 22), University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology - Laboratory of Medical Investigations 23 (LIM 23), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rapado LN, Pinheiro ADS, Lopes PODMV, Fokoue HH, Scotti MT, Marques JV, Ohlweiler FP, Borrely SI, Pereira CADB, Kato MJ, Nakano E, Yamaguchi LF. Schistosomiasis control using piplartine against Biomphalaria glabrata at different developmental stages. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2251. [PMID: 23755312 PMCID: PMC3675008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is one of the most significant diseases in tropical countries and affects almost 200 million people worldwide. The application of molluscicides to eliminate the parasite's intermediate host, Biomphalaria glabrata, from infected water supplies is one strategy currently being used to control the disease. Previous studies have shown a potent molluscicidal activity of crude extracts from Piper species, with extracts from Piper tuberculatum being among the most active. METHODS AND FINDINGS The molluscicidal activity of P. tuberculatum was monitored on methanolic extracts from different organs (roots, leaves, fruit and stems). The compounds responsible for the molluscicidal activity were identified using (1)H NMR and ESIMS data and multivariate analyses, including principal component analysis and partial least squares. These results indicated that the high molluscicidal activity displayed by root extracts (LC50 20.28 µg/ml) was due to the presence of piplartine, a well-known biologically-active amide. Piplartine was isolated from P. tuberculatum root extracts, and the molluscicidal activity of this compound on adults and embryos of B. glabrata was determined. The compound displayed potent activity against all developmental stages of B. glabrata. Next, the environmental toxicity of piplartine was evaluated using the microcrustacean Daphnia similis (LC50 7.32 µg/ml) and the fish Danio rerio (1.69 µg/ml). The toxicity to these organisms was less compared with the toxicity of niclosamide, a commercial molluscicide. CONCLUSIONS The development of a new, natural molluscicide is highly desirable, particularly because the commercially available molluscicide niclosamide is highly toxic to some organisms in the environment (LC50 0.25 µg/ml to D. similis and 0.12 µg/ml to D. rerio). Thus, piplartine is a potential candidate for a natural molluscicide that has been extracted from a tropical plant species and showed less toxic to environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Nakamura Rapado
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Sá Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ensaios Biológicos e Ambientais, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Harold Hilarion Fokoue
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educação, Campus IV, Rio Tinto, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Vogt Marques
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pires Ohlweiler
- Laboratório de Malacologia - Divisão de Programas Especiais - Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sueli Ivone Borrely
- Laboratório de Ensaios Biológicos e Ambientais, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Massuo Jorge Kato
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Nakano
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lydia Fumiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cappati KRK, Tonella RM, Damascena AS, Pereira CADB, Caruso P. Interobserver agreement rate of the spontaneous breathing trial. J Crit Care 2013; 28:62-8. [PMID: 23228727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the mechanical ventilation weaning process, the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) is the confirmatory test of patients' capability to breathe unassisted. However, the SBT interobserver agreement rate (its reliability) is unknown, and our objective was to evaluate it. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective, multicentric and observational study. Patients were included when the SBT criteria were fulfilled. Two physicians and 2 respiratory therapists (RTs) rated each SBT. The SBT interobserver agreement was measured using κ statistic and also the percentage of agreement with its 95% credible interval (CrI) calculated by a Bayesian inference. RESULTS Ninety-three distinct physicians and 91 distinct RTs rated 130 SBTs. The κ coefficient was 0.46 for physicians and 0.57 for RT, indicating a moderate interobserver agreement rate. The percentage of agreement was 87.7% between physicians (95% CrI, 81.0%-92.3%) and 86.2% between RT (95% CrI, 79.2%-91.1%). The physicians' and RT' percentage of agreement were not statistically different (P = .71). CONCLUSIONS The SBT interobserver agreement rate is only moderate for physicians and RT. The percentage of agreement between 2 different SBT observers is 79.2% to 92.3%. Therefore, a relevant percentage of patients will have different extubation decisions depending on the SBT observer.
Collapse
|
25
|
Izbicki R, Fossaluza V, Hounie AG, Nakano EY, de Bragança Pereira CA. Testing allele homogeneity: the problem of nested hypotheses. BMC Genet 2012; 13:103. [PMID: 23176636 PMCID: PMC3770452 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-13-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of associations between genotypes and diseases in a case-control framework plays an important role in genetic epidemiology. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the homogeneity of both genotypic and allelic frequencies. The traditional test that is used to check allelic homogeneity is known to be valid only under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a property that may not hold in practice. RESULTS We first describe the flaws of the traditional (chi-squared) tests for both allelic and genotypic homogeneity. Besides the known problem of the allelic procedure, we show that whenever these tests are used, an incoherence may arise: sometimes the genotypic homogeneity hypothesis is not rejected, but the allelic hypothesis is. As we argue, this is logically impossible. Some methods that were recently proposed implicitly rely on the idea that this does not happen. In an attempt to correct this incoherence, we describe an alternative frequentist approach that is appropriate even when Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium does not hold. It is then shown that the problem remains and is intrinsic of frequentist procedures. Finally, we introduce the Full Bayesian Significance Test to test both hypotheses and prove that the incoherence cannot happen with these new tests. To illustrate this, all five tests are applied to real and simulated datasets. Using the celebrated power analysis, we show that the Bayesian method is comparable to the frequentist one and has the advantage of being coherent. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to more traditional approaches, the Full Bayesian Significance Test for association studies provides a simple, coherent and powerful tool for detecting associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Izbicki
- Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cordeiro Q, Cappi C, Sampaio AS, Palácios SA, Pereira CADB, Shavitt RG, Miguel EC, Guilherme L, Hounie AG. Association study between the -62A/T NFKBIL1 polymorphism and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Braz J Psychiatry 2010; 31:131-5. [PMID: 19578685 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462009000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence from family and molecular genetic studies support the hypothesis of involvement of immunologic mechanisms in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-like 1 (NFKBIL1) has been suggested as a modulator of the immunological system. Given the importance of NFKBIL1 in the immunological response, the present study investigated the -62A/T polymorphism (rs2071592), located in the promoter region of its gene (NFKBIL1), as a genetic risk factor for the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder. METHOD The -62A/T NFKBIL1 polymorphism was investigated in a sample of 111 patients who met DSM-IV criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder and 272 healthy age- and gender-matched controls. RESULTS There were no differences in genotypic distributions between patients and controls (chi2 = 0.98; 2 d.f.; p = 0.61). DISCUSSION Despite these negative findings, more comprehensive polymorphism coverage within the NFKBIL1 is warranted in larger samples. Populations with different ethnic backgrounds should also be studied. CONCLUSION The results of the present investigation do not provide evidence for the association between the -62A/T NFKBIL1 polymorphism and obsessive-compulsive disorder in this Brazilian sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quirino Cordeiro
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lacaze DHDC, Sacco IDCN, Rocha LE, Pereira CADB, Casarotto RA. Stretching and joint mobilization exercises reduce call-center operators' musculoskeletal discomfort and fatigue. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:657-62. [PMID: 20668622 PMCID: PMC2910853 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010000700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We sought to evaluate musculoskeletal discomfort and mental and physical fatigue in the call-center workers of an airline company before and after a supervised exercise program compared with rest breaks during the work shift. INTRODUCTION This was a longitudinal pilot study conducted in a flight-booking call-center for an airline in São Paulo, Brazil. Occupational health activities are recommended to decrease the negative effects of the call-center working conditions. In practice, exercise programs are commonly recommended for computer workers, but their effects have not been studied in call-center operators. METHODS Sixty-four call-center operators participated in this study. Thirty-two subjects were placed into the experimental group and attended a 10-min daily exercise session for 2 months. Conversely, 32 participants were placed into the control group and took a 10-min daily rest break during the same period. Each subject was evaluated once a week by means of the Corlett-Bishop body map with a visual analog discomfort scale and the Chalder fatigue questionnaire. RESULTS Musculoskeletal discomfort decreased in both groups, but the reduction was only statistically significant for the spine and buttocks (p=0.04) and the sum of the segments (p=0.01) in the experimental group. In addition, the experimental group showed significant differences in the level of mental fatigue, especially in questions related to memory Rienzo, #181ff and tiredness (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary results demonstrate that appropriately designed and supervised exercise programs may be more efficient than rest breaks in decreasing discomfort and fatigue levels in call-center operators.
Collapse
|
28
|
Fossaluza V, Diniz JB, Pereira BDB, Miguel EC, Pereira CADB. Sequential allocation to balance prognostic factors in a psychiatric clinical trial. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2009; 64:511-8. [PMID: 19578654 PMCID: PMC2705482 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322009000600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe and discuss a minimization procedure specifically designed for a clinical trial that evaluates treatment efficacy for OCD patients. METHOD Aitchison's compositional distance was used to calculate vectors for each possibility of allocation in a covariate adaptive method. Two different procedures were designed to allocate patients in small blocks or sequentially one-by-one. RESULTS We present partial results of this allocation procedure as well as simulated data. In the clinical trial for which this procedure was developed, successful balancing between treatment arms was achieved. Separately, in an exploratory analysis, we found that if the arrival order of patients was altered, most patients were allocated to a different treatment arm than their original assignment. CONCLUSION Our results show that the random arrival order of patients determine different assignments and therefore maintains the unpredictability of the allocation method. We conclude that our proposed procedure allows for the use of a large number of prognostic factors in a given allocation decision. Our method seems adequate for the design of the psychiatric trials used as models. Trial registrations are available at clinicaltrials.gov NCT00466609 and NCT00680602.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fossaluza
- Faculdade de Medicina, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Grazeffe VS, Tallarico LDF, Pinheiro ADS, Kawano T, Suzuki MF, Okazaki K, Pereira CADB, Nakano E. Establishment of the comet assay in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818). Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2008; 654:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Aguiar AS, Pereira CADB. Weight of evidence. Rev Col Bras Cir 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-69912008000200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
31
|
de Mathis MA, do Rosario MC, Diniz JB, Torres AR, Shavitt RG, Ferrão YA, Fossaluza V, de Bragança Pereira CA, Miguel EC. Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Influence of Age at Onset on Comorbidity Patterns. Eur Psychiatry 2008; 23:187-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPurpose.This study investigates the influence of age at onset of OCS on psychiatric comorbidities, and tries to establish a cut-off point for age at onset.Methods.Three hundred and thirty OCD patients were consecutively recruited and interviewed using the following structured interviews: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale; Yale Global Tic Severity Scale and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Data were analyzed with regression and cluster analysis.Results.Lower age at onset was associated with a higher probability of having comorbidity with tic, anxiety, somatoform, eating and impulse–control disorders. Longer illness duration was associated with lower chance of having tics. Female gender was associated with anxiety, eating and impulse–control disorders. Tic disorders were associated with anxiety disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. No cut-off age at onset was found to clearly divide the sample in homogeneous subgroups. However, cluster analyses revealed that differences started to emerge at the age of 10 and were more pronounced at the age of 17, suggesting that these were the best cut-off points on this sample.Conclusions.Age at onset is associated with specific comorbidity patterns in OCD patients. More prominent differences are obtained when analyzing age at onset as an absolute value.
Collapse
|
32
|
Estevam EC, Nakano E, Kawano T, de Bragança Pereira CA, Amancio FF, de Albuquerque Melo AMM. Dominant lethal effects of 2,4-D in Biomphalaria glabrata. Mutat Res 2006; 611:83-8. [PMID: 16973407 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dominant lethal effects of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were evaluated in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Wild-type snails were exposed during 10 days to 50, 75 and 100ppm of 2,4-D dimethylamine salt (2,4-D DMA) and paired with non-exposed albino snails 1, 11, 25 and 40 days after the exposure. The offspring of the non-exposed albino snails was scored for lethal malformations. One day after the exposure, a significant effect was observed at 75 and 100ppm without a dose-response relationship. After 11 days, the effect was observed only at the highest dose. After 25 days, significant increases in the dominant lethal effects occurred at 50 and 75ppm; effects were directly related to the doses. Background levels of lethal malformations were resumed after 40 days. Although the major and direct measure of dominant lethal mutations is the rate of lethal malformations in the heterozygous offspring of the albino snails, the sensitivity of the assay was substantially increased with the evaluation of all non-viable embryos, that are the sum of those with lethal malformations, identified or not as wild-type.
Collapse
|
33
|
Papini-Terzi FS, Rocha FR, Vêncio RZN, Oliveira KC, Felix JDM, Vicentini R, Rocha CDS, Simões ACQ, Ulian EC, di Mauro SMZ, da Silva AM, Pereira CADB, Menossi M, Souza GM. Transcription profiling of signal transduction-related genes in sugarcane tissues. DNA Res 2005; 12:27-38. [PMID: 16106750 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/12.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A collection of 237,954 sugarcane ESTs was examined in search of signal transduction genes. Over 3500 components involved in several aspects of signal transduction, transcription, development, cell cycle, stress responses and pathogen interaction were compiled into the Sugarcane Signal Transduction (SUCAST) Catalogue. Sequence comparisons and protein domain analysis revealed 477 receptors, 510 protein kinases, 107 protein phosphatases, 75 small GTPases, 17 G-proteins, 114 calcium and inositol metabolism proteins, and over 600 transcription factors. The elements were distributed into 29 main categories subdivided into 409 sub-categories. Genes with no matches in the public databases and of unknown function were also catalogued. A cDNA microarray was constructed to profile individual variation of plants cultivated in the field and transcript abundance in six plant organs (flowers, roots, leaves, lateral buds, and 1st and 4th internodes). From 1280 distinct elements analyzed, 217 (17%) presented differential expression in two biological samples of at least one of the tissues tested. A total of 153 genes (12%) presented highly similar expression levels in all tissues. A virtual profile matrix was constructed and the expression profiles were validated by real-time PCR. The expression data presented can aid in assigning function for the sugarcane genes and be useful for promoter characterization of this and other economically important grasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Stal Papini-Terzi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 05508-900, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Baptista CS, Vêncio RZN, Abdala S, Valadares MP, Martins C, de Bragança Pereira CA, Zingales B. DNA microarrays for comparative genomics and analysis of gene expression in Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2005; 138:183-94. [PMID: 15555730 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2003] [Revised: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 06/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi presents high genetic diversity and parasite isolates show remarkable differences in biological parameters. In this study, we evaluated whether DNA microarrays containing CL Brener cDNAs can be used for comparative genomics and for the analysis of gene expression in T. cruzi. We constructed a prototype microarray with 710 expression sequence tags of CL Brener and 20 sequences of T. cruzi strains. These probes represent 665 unique genes. Results from four hybridisations with genomic DNA of Silvio (T. cruzi I) and CL Brener (hybrid genotype) identified 9.3% of the probes (68/730) differentially represented in the two genomes. Data from eight hybridisations with cDNA obtained from three independent parasite harvests of Silvio and CL Brener disclosed 84 sequences of 730 (11.5%) that showed statistical significant (P < or = 0.01) changes in expression (1.6-6.5-fold). Some of the array-identified sequences were confirmed by Southern and Northern blot analysis. Only 20% of the probes with increased expression in Silvio or CL Brener presented higher hybridisation with genomic DNA of either strain. Approximately 2.5% (18/730) and 9.0% (65/730) of the probes were differentially expressed (P < or = 0.01), respectively, in epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes of two T. cruzi II strains isolated from chronic chagasic patients. Microarrays identified several sequences for which differences in gene copy number and/or in the levels of RNA transcripts were previously demonstrated by different approaches. The data indicate that DNA microarrays are a useful tool for comparative studies between strains and provide further evidence for a high level of post-transcriptional regulation of RNA abundance in T. cruzi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassio Silva Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dichtchekenian V, de Bragança Pereira CA, Kuperman H, Della Manna T, Damiani D, Ferreira Alves VA, Filho AL, Setian N. Adrenocortical carcinoma: prognostic indices based on clinical and immunohistochemical markers. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2005; 18:347-53. [PMID: 15844468 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2005.18.4.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare condition with an unpredictable prognosis as a rule. The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcome of 46 patients (31 F, 15 M) during 16 years building up a numerical index for the prognosis, based on clinical and immunohistochemical data. Four indices were analyzed: J1= (Y + 2L + 4H)/T; J2 = (J1) square root of W/200; J3 = (O + Y + 2L + 4H)/T; J4 = (J3) square root W/200. Y = 1 when chronological age (CA) >33 mo, Y = 0 when CA < or =33 mo; L = 1 for right sided tumor and L = 0 for left sided tumor; H = 1 in presence of hypertension and H = 0 for normal blood pressure; T = length of disease in months; W = weight of tumor (g); O = 1 in the absence of p53 protein and O = 0 in the presence of p53. The chance of bad prognosis was observed when age is >33 mo, tumor is on the right side, systemic hypertension is present, tumor weight >250 g, in the absence of p53, J1, J2, J3 >0.4 (p <0.001) and J4 >0.5 (p <0.01). Clinical data and the mathematical model enabled us to establish probabilities of good prognosis in 78-96% and bad prognosis in 63-83%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaê Dichtchekenian
- Instituto da Criança Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
CONTEXT Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and by a low pain threshold at specific anatomical points. The syndrome is associated with other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness and anxiety. Because of its chronic nature, it often has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of life and anxiety level of patients with fibromyalgia. TYPE OF STUDY Cross-sectional. SETTING Rheumatology outpatient service of Hospital das Clínicas (Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo). METHODS This study evaluated 80 individuals, divided between test and control groups. The test group included 40 women with a confirmed diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The control group was composed of 40 healthy women. Three questionnaires were used: two to assess quality of life (FIQ and SF-36) and one to assess anxiety (STAI). They were applied to the individuals in both groups in a single face-to-face interview. The statistical analysis used Student's t test and Pearson's correlation test (r), with a significance level of 95%. Also, the Pearson chi-squared statistics test for homogeneity, with Yates correction, was used for comparing schooling between test and control groups. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.000), thus indicating that fibromyalgia patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety. The correlations between the three questionnaires were high (r = 0.9). DISCUSSION This study has confirmed the efficacy of FIQ for evaluating the impact of fibromyalgia on the quality of life. SF-36 is less specific than FIQ, although statistically significant values were obtained when analyzed separately, STAI showed lower efficacy for discriminating the test group from the control group. The test group showed worse quality of life than did the control group, which was demonstrated by both FIQ and SF-36. Even though STAI was a less efficient instrument, it presented significant results, showing that fibromyalgia patients presented higher levels of anxiety, both on the state and trait scales. Thus, patients with fibromyalgia had higher levels of tension, nervousness, preoccupation and apprehension, and higher propensity towards anxiety. CONCLUSION The three instruments utilized showed efficiency in evaluating fibromyalgia patients. FIQ was found to be the most efficient instrument for discriminating and assessing the impact of fibromyalgia on their quality of life. It can be concluded that such patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tathiana Pagano
- Rheumatology clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
de Freitas Tallarico L, Okazaki K, Kawano T, de Bragança Pereira CA, Nakano E. Dominant lethal effect of 60Co gamma radiation in Biomphalaria glabrata (SAY, 1818). Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2004; 561:139-45. [PMID: 15238238 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2003] [Revised: 04/30/2004] [Accepted: 05/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The dominant lethal effects of gamma radiation of 60Co in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata were studied. Three groups of 13 wild-type snails were irradiated with single doses of 2.5; 10 and 20 Gy. Crossings were carried out at intervals of 7, 17, 23, 30 and 36 days after irradiation. The dominant lethal effect was observed only at the first crossing occurring 7 days after irradiation with 2.5 Gy. With 10 and 20 Gy, the induction of lethal mutations was detected at 7, 17 and 23 days after irradiation; a dose-response effect was observed. The effect was stronger 7 days after irradiation, decreasing in the succeeding crossings up to 30 days. Cell-killing effects on germ cells were detected in the crossings at 23 days and 30 days after irradiation with 20 Gy. After 36 days, frequencies of malformations resumed background levels; crossing rates partially recovered. These results show that gamma radiation affected all the stages of spermatogenesis. Germ cells at later phases were more sensitive to the mutagenic effect of radiation and the cell killing effects were observed on the youngest cells. This response was similar to the highly homogeneous pattern observed in widely different species and allowed us to estimate some parameters of spermatogenesis in B. glabrata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lenita de Freitas Tallarico
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Nakano E, Watanabe LC, Ohlweiler FP, Pereira CADB, Kawano T. Establishment of the dominant lethal test in the freshwater mollusk Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818). Mutat Res 2003; 536:145-54. [PMID: 12694755 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(03)00042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutagens in the environment may represent a long-term risk for ecosystems. The reproductive potential of populations can be affected by alterations in the fecundity and offspring viability caused by germ cell mutations. Despite the ecological relevance of these effects, there are few studies on germ cell mutagenicity in natural populations. Biomphalaria glabrata was chosen for this study because of the scarcity of data on freshwater invertebrates and the ecological importance of this group. The aim of this study was to establish a germ cell mutagenicity test in B. glabrata by using a similar approach to that used in the dominant lethal test in rodents. Mitomycin C was used as a direct mutagen and cyclophosphamide as a mutagen that requires metabolic activation. Wild-type snails were exposed for 10 days to three concentrations of each agent and crossed with non-exposed albino snails at the end of the treatment. The total frequencies of malformations were analyzed in the offspring of wild-type snails; among the offspring of albino snails, only the heterozygous wild-type embryos were analyzed for malformations. Both agents induced germ cell mutations. The analysis of the offspring of the wild-type snails showed an effect of the exposure up to approximately 5 days after the end of the treatment with cyclophosphamide; the effect of mitomycin C was observed until 45 days after the end of the exposure. There was an increase in the frequencies of malformations in the wild-type offspring of the non-exposed albino snails crossed with the wild-type snails exposed to both agents. The dominant lethal test in B. glabrata proposed in this work is easy to perform, efficient, specific and sensitive in the evaluation of germ cell mutations induced by reference mutagens. The possibility of expanding its use to environmental biomonitoring studies seems very promising and worth trying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Nakano
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Leite JG, Pereira CADB, Rodrigues FW. Waiting time to exhaust lottery numbers. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/03610929308831019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
41
|
Leite JG, de Bragança Pereira CA, Leite JG, de Braganca Pereira CA. Bayes Estimation of the Size of a Finite Population: Capture/Recapture Sequential Sample Data. Int Stat Rev 1990. [DOI: 10.2307/1403804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
42
|
|