1
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Chae J, Kim DS, Shin J, Kim YC, Ji SY, Kim Y, Ryu M. Ten-year trends of antibiotics used for patients with pneumonia at long-term care hospitals in the Republic of Korea: An analysis based on national health insurance claims data. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33047. [PMID: 39021963 PMCID: PMC11252976 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the trends in the usage of antimicrobial drugs by patients with pneumonia with prescriptions from long-term care (LTC) hospitals in the Republic of Korea. Method This retrospective study was conducted from 2011 to 2022 using the National Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claim data in Korea. We calculated antibiotic usage expressed as a daily defined dose (DDD) per 1000 patients per day (DID). Results The number of patients with pneumonia in LTC hospitals increased by 2.7 times, from 30,000 in 2011 to 79,000 in 2022. Furthermore, antibiotic consumption per episode by patients with pneumonia in LTC hospitals increased from 17.14 DDD in 2011 to 18.11 DDD in 2022. Among the Access, Watch, and Reserve classification groups, the Watch group showed the highest usage; further, the Access group showed a decreasing trend, whereas the Watch and Reserve groups showed an increasing trend (p < 0.01). In the Watch group, the most commonly used antibiotic was J01CR05 (piperacillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor), followed in order by J01DD04 (ceftriaxone), J01MA12 (levofloxacin), and J01DH02 (meropenem). In the Reserve group, J01XB01 (colistin) and J01AA12 (tigecycline) were commonly used. Conclusion The antibiotics prescribed for pneumonia in LTC hospitals have continuously increased the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Accordingly, appropriate use of antibiotics in LTC hospital settings and assessment of antibiotics used are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmi Chae
- Review and Assessment Research Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sook Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Shin
- Review and Assessment Research Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chan Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Ji
- Review and Assessment Research Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Review and Assessment Research Department, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Ryu
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Public Health, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
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2
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Xiao J, Chen C, Fu Z, Wang S, Luo F. Assessment of the Safety and Probiotic Properties of Enterococcus faecium B13 Isolated from Fermented Chili. Microorganisms 2024; 12:994. [PMID: 38792822 PMCID: PMC11123876 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium B13, selected from fermentation chili, has been proven to promote animal growth by previous studies, but it belongs to opportunistic pathogens, so a comprehensive evaluation of its probiotic properties and safety is necessary. In this study, the probiotic properties and safety of B13 were evaluated at the genetic and phenotype levels in vitro and then confirmed in vivo. The genome of B13 contains one chromosome and two plasmids. The average nucleotide identity indicated that B13 was most closely related to the fermentation-plant-derived strain. The strain does not carry the major virulence genes of the clinical E. faecium strains but contains aac(6')-Ii, ant (6)-Ia, msrC genes. The strain had a higher tolerance to acid at pH 3.0, 4.0, and 0.3% bile salt and a 32.83% free radical DPPH clearance rate. It can adhere to Caco-2 cells and reduce the adhesion of E. coli to Caco-2 cells. The safety assessment revealed that the strain showed no hemolysis and did not exhibit gelatinase, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, or tryptophanase activity. It was sensitive to twelve antibiotics but was resistant to erythromycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline. Experiments in vivo have shown that B13 can be located in the ileum and colon and has no adverse effects on experiment animals. After 28 days of feeding, B13 did not remarkable change the α-diversity of the gut flora or increase the virulence genes. Our study demonstrated that E. faecium B13 may be used as a probiotic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Xiao
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.X.); (C.C.); (Z.F.)
| | - Cai Chen
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.X.); (C.C.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zhuxian Fu
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.X.); (C.C.); (Z.F.)
| | - Shumin Wang
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Fan Luo
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
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3
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Lee SJ, Lee R, Cho SY, Nho D, Ahn HL, Lee DG. Implementing antimicrobial stewardship: lessons and perspectives from a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2024; 39:399-412. [PMID: 38715230 PMCID: PMC11076883 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2023.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can lower antibiotic use, decrease medical expenses, prevent the emergence of resistant bacteria, and enhance treatment for infectious diseases. This study summarizes the stepwise implementation and effects of ASPs in a single university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Korea; it also presents future directions and challenges in resource-limited settings. At the study hospital, the core elements of the ASP such as leadership commitment, accountability, and operating system were established in 2000, then strengthened by the formation of the Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) Team in 2018. The actions of ASPs entail key components including a computerized restrictive antibiotic prescription system, prospective audit, post-prescription review through quantitative and qualitative intervention, and pharmacy-based interventions to optimize antibiotic usage. The AMS Team regularly tracked antibiotic use, the effects of interventions, and the resistance patterns of pathogens in the hospital. The reporting system was enhanced and standardized by participation in the Korea National Antimicrobial Use Analysis System, and educational efforts are ongoing. Stepwise implementation of the ASP and the efforts of the AMS Team have led to a substantial reduction in the overall consumption of antibiotics, particularly regarding injectables, and optimization of antibiotic use. Our experience highlights the importance of leadership, accountability, institution-specific interventions, and the AMS Team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Raeseok Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dukhee Nho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hye Lim Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
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4
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Park JY, Kang HM. National Level Cross-Sectional Study on Antibiotic Use in Children during the Pre- and Early COVID-19 Eras. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:249. [PMID: 38534684 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate national data for a quantitative evaluation of antibiotic usage in Korean children during the pre- and early COVID-19 period. This was a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2021 of children <18 years, grouped by age (0, 1, 2-4, 5-11, and 12-17 years) and city/province. Systemic antibiotic prescriptions, days of administration, and population by age and region were collected. Days of therapy (DOT)/1000 pediatric inhabitant per day (PID) was used for antibiotic quantitative monitoring. A total of 257,088,265 antibiotic doses were prescribed to 170,309,944 children during the 6-year period. The highest DOT during the entire study period was observed in the 1-year age group, followed by the 2-4- and 0-year age groups. The highest DOT was observed in 2019, with 72.8 DOT/1000 PID in the 1-year age group, which fell to 34.7 DOT/1000 PID in 2020, however, DOT soon increased at similar rates to that in the pre-COVID-19 period. A higher DOT/1000 PID was observed for third-generation cephalosporins in 58.8% of the regions compared to beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors. To conclude, reductions in antibiotic use during the early COVID-19 pandemic period were not maintained. Further interventions are needed to decrease antibiotic overuse and misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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5
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Alzahrani KO, Alshahrani SM, Alajel SM. Evaluating the effectiveness of the Ministry of Health restriction policy on seasonal antibiotic consumption trends in Saudi Arabia, 2016-2020. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1242087. [PMID: 38099146 PMCID: PMC10720327 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1242087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding antibiotic consumption patterns over time is essential to optimize prescribing practices and minimizing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine whether the antibiotics restriction policy launched by the Saudi Ministry of Health in April 2018 has impacted antibiotic use by assessing changes and seasonal variations following policy enforcement. Methods: Quarterly sales data of J01 antibacterial for systemic use in standard units were obtained from the IQVIA-MIDAS database, spanning from the first quarter of 2016 to the last quarter of 2020. Antibiotics consumption was measured in defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitant per day- in a quarter (DDDdq). A comparative analysis of antibiotic consumption pre- and post-policy periods introduction was conducted by computing the average consumption values for each period. Statistical comparison of the mean differences between the two periods were then made using independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U Test where needed. Time series analysis was employed to estimate the projected antibiotic consumption in the post-policy period if the restriction policy had not been implemented, which was then compared to actual consumption values to evaluate the effectiveness of the restriction policy. Results: During the pre-policy, there were seasonal trends of the total and oral antibiotic consumption through quarters, with higher consumption observed in the first and fourth quarters. In contrast, parenteral antibiotic consumption did not appear to follow a clear seasonal pattern. Following the restriction policy, there was a significant reduction in total and oral antibiotic use, with mean reductions of -96.9 DDDdq (p-value = 0.002) and -98 DDDdq (p-value = 0.002), respectively. Conversely, a significant increase in parenteral antibiotic consumption was observed with a mean increase of +1.4 DDDdq (p-value < 0.0001). The comparison between the forecasted and actual models showed that the actual antibiotics consumption for total, oral, and parenteral were lower than the corresponding forecasted values by 30%, 31%, and 34%, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, our analysis of antibiotics consumption from 2016 to 2020 displays great success for the policy implemented by the Saudi Ministry of Health in significantly reducing the total and oral use of antibiotics. However, future studies are needed to explore the increased consumption of the parenteral antibiotics as well as the persistent high consumption patterns during the fall and winter months even after the implementation of the restriction policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaloud O. Alzahrani
- Molecular Biology Division, Reference Laboratory for Microbiology, Executive Department of Reference Laboratories, Research and Laboratories Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Alshahrani
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman M. Alajel
- Reference Laboratory for Microbiology, Executive Department of Reference Laboratories, Research and Laboratories Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Oh SJ, Kim HJ, Lee CK. A dose-dependent increase in the risk of inflammatory bowel disease after exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics: A national population study in Korea. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 58:191-206. [PMID: 37154240 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between antibiotic use and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly among adults, remains unclear. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of data among non-Western countries. AIMS To investigate the association and dose-response relationships between antibiotic use and subsequent IBD risk across all ages METHODS: This population-based case-control analysis used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2004-2018). We compared 68,633 patients with new-onset IBD to matched controls (n = 343,165) using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis. We also examined the dose-response relationship using non-linear regression analysis, and separately analysed childhood-onset IBD (aged ≤14 years) risk following early-life antibiotic exposure. RESULTS The mean age at diagnosis was 45.2 ± 16.8 years. Antibiotic prescriptions between 2 and 5 years before diagnosis significantly increased the odds of developing IBD (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-1.27). Additionally, sensitivity analysis revealed an elevated risk up to 9 years before diagnosis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics increased IBD risk, independent of gastroenteritis. A distinct dose-response relationship was observed irrespective of the IBD subtype and study population (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, antibiotic exposure within the first year of life was linked with the risk of childhood-onset IBD (OR, 1.51; 95% CI: 1.25-1.82). CONCLUSIONS Broad-spectrum antibiotics dose-dependently increased the risk for IBD in the Korean population. Our findings provide a fundamental epidemiological basis for identifying antibiotic use as a significant risk factor for IBD across different environmental backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ju Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Crohn's and Colitis, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jong Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Crohn's and Colitis, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Kyun Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Crohn's and Colitis, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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He J, You E, Zhong Q, Huang F. Trends and seasonal variation of antibiotic consumption by community residents in Hefei, China, 2012-2016. Public Health 2023; 220:27-32. [PMID: 37229945 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends and seasonal variations of antibiotic consumption by community residents in Hefei, China, over a 5-year period. STUDY DESIGN This was an ecological study. METHODS Data on antibiotic consumption by community residents in Hefei between 2012 and 2016 were collected from the Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2021, SPSS 26.0 and R4.1.3. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was modelled to assess the impact of policies on antibiotic consumption trends. RESULTS Amoxicillin and cephalosporins accounted for 63.64% and 30.48%, respectively, of the total defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitant-days (DID) of antibiotics in 2016. The total consumption of antibiotics decreased from 6.92 DID in 2012 to 5.61 DID in 2016 (Ptrend = 0.017). Seasonal analysis showed an average of 34.24% antibiotic consumption in the winter over the 5 years. The equation constructed by the ITS analysis was Y = 5.530 + 0.323X1 - 7.574X2 - 0.323X3 + ε. CONCLUSION Between 2012 and 2016, overall antibiotic consumption by community residents in Hefei decreased significantly. The impact of antibiotic policies, implemented between 2011 and 2013, started to appear in 2014 when the consumption of antibiotics decreased. This study has important policy implications for the use of antibiotics at the community level. Further studies on the trends of antibiotic consumption are required, and strategies should be designed to promote appropriate use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J He
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - E You
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Q Zhong
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - F Huang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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8
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Analysis of Changes in Antibiotic Use Patterns in Korean Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020198. [PMID: 36830109 PMCID: PMC9952207 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, changes in patient care and antibiotic use have occurred in hospitals. The data of the National Health Insurance System's claims of inpatients from all hospitals in Korea between January 2019 and December 2020 were obtained from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service and analyzed. The trend in the use of all antibacterial agents in both hospitals declined for the total number of COVID-19 patients at the bottom 10% and those in the top 10%. Specifically, a decreasing trend in the use of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents predominantly prescribed for community-acquired cases and narrow-spectrum beta-lactam agents were observed in both hospitals. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the total use of antibacterial agents has gradually decreased among patients with pneumonia and those with severe COVID-19. In contrast, its use has increased gradually among those with mild to moderate COVID-19. A decreasing trend in overall antibiotic use was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and an increasing trend in antibiotic use was observed in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 in Korean hospitals.
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9
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Prayitno L, Yuniar Y. Trends in Using Antibiotics in the Era of National Health Insurance in the City of Manado. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09720634221128728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Antibiotic use needs to be monitored. Its irrational use causes resistance. Research aims to determine trends in antibiotic use. Methods: Observational research with retrospective data collection. Cross-sectional research design. Data about the availability of antibiotics from 2014 to 2017 in hospitals, health offices and PHCs in the city of Manado. Results: Trends of antibiotics used in PHC and health office in 2014–2017 were betalactam, macrolide, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and quinolone groups. Trends in secondary hospital were betalactam, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and quinolone groups. Trends in tertiary hospital are betalactam, quinolones, and other groups. Conclusion: Based on the data of five major antibiotics use in Manado City, there was a change in the pattern of antibiotic use, and this pattern tended to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman Prayitno
- National Institute of Health Policy Development, Indonesian Health Ministry, Indonesia
| | - Yuyun Yuniar
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
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Stepwise Expansion of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs and Its Impact on Antibiotic Use and Resistance Rates at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Korea. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0033522. [PMID: 35467411 PMCID: PMC9241935 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00335-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To optimize antibiotic use, the US CDC has outlined core elements of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP). However, they are difficult to implement in limited-resource settings. We report on the successful implementation of a series of ASP with insufficient number of infectious diseases specialists. We retrospectively collected data regarding antibiotic administration and culture results of all patients admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), from January 2010 to December 2019. Trends of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance rates were compared with those from Korean national data. Trend analyses were performed using nonparametric, two-sided, correlated seasonal Mann–Kendall tests. Total antibiotic agent usage has significantly decreased with ASP implementation at SNUBH since 2010. National claim data from tertiary care hospitals have revealed an increase in the use of all broad-spectrum antibiotics except for third-generation cephalosporins (3GC). In contrast, at SNUBH, glycopeptide and fluoroquinolone use gradually decreased, and 3GC and carbapenem use did not significantly change. Furthermore, the rate of colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus showed a consistently decreasing trend, while that with 3GC- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli significantly increased. Unlike the national rate, the rate of colonization with antibiotic resistant-Klebsiella pneumoniae did not increase and that of 3GC- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly decreased. Stepwise implementation of core ASP elements was effective in reducing antibiotic use despite a lack of sufficient manpower. Long-term multidisciplinary teamwork is necessary for successful and sustainable ASP implementation. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial stewardship programs aimed to optimize antibiotic use are difficult to implement in limited-resource settings. Our study indicates that stepwise implementation of core antimicrobial stewardship program elements was effective in reducing antibiotic use in a tertiary care hospital despite the lack of sufficient manpower.
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Ye D, Yang C, Ji W, Zheng J, Zhang J, Xue R, Gu J, Chen M, Yan K, Liu Y. Impact of the Expert Consensus on Carbapenem Consumption Trends and Patterns in Public Healthcare Institutes: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, 2017-2020. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:739960. [PMID: 35095482 PMCID: PMC8793738 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.739960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carbapenems are considered the last line of defence against bacterial infections, but their high consumption and the resulting antibacterial resistance are an increasing global concern. In this context, the Chinese health authority issued an expert consensus on the clinical applications of carbapenems. However, the long- and short-term effects of the expert consensus on carbapenem use are not clear. Methods: This study was conducted in Shaanxi, a northwest province of China. We collected all available carbapenem procurement data between January 2017 and December 2020 from the Provincial Drug Centralized Bidding Procurement System. A quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate the longitudinal effectiveness of expert consensus by measuring the change in the Defined Daily Dosesper 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID), the percentage of carbapenem expenditures to total antimicrobial expenditure, the total carbapenem expenditure, and the defined daily cost (DDDc). We used Stata SE version 15.0 for data analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After the distribution of the expert consensus, the level (p = 0.769) and trend (p = 0.184) of DID decreased, but the differences were not statistically significant. The percentage of carbapenem expenditures to total antimicrobial expenditure decreased abruptly (p < 0.001) after the intervention, but the long-term trend was still upward. There was no statistically significant relationship between the release of the expert consensus and carbapenem expenditure in the long term, but there was a decreasing trend (p = 0.032). However, the expert consensus had a positive impact on the economic burden of carbapenem usage in patients, as the level (p < 0.001), and trend (p = 0.003) of DDDc significantly decreased. Conclusion: The long-term effects of the distribution of the expert consensus on the use and expenditure of carbapenems in public health institutions in Shaanxi Province were not optimal. It is time to set up more administrative measures and scientific supervision to establish a specific index to limit the application of carbapenems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runqing Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianli Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minchun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangkang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Kim HS, Park SY, Choi H, Park JY, Lee MS, Eun BW, Lee H, Choi JY, Kim HB, Jeong SJ, Uh Y, Kim B. Development of a Roadmap for the Antimicrobial Usage Monitoring System for Medical Institutions in Korea: a Delphi Study. Infect Chemother 2022; 54:483-492. [PMID: 36196607 PMCID: PMC9533154 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2022.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is necessary to develop a roadmap for antimicrobial usage monitoring in order to perform monitoring of antimicrobial use at the national level properly. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a roadmap for establishing surveillance and monitoring of antimicrobial use in medical institutions at the national level. Materials and Methods A modified Delphi study was conducted, including 3 rounds of an online survey and a virtual meeting with 16 expert panels. The survey items were developed based on a literature review of the surveillance systems for antimicrobial use in 12 countries and interviews with experts. The questionnaire was designed to include both the surveillance and benchmarking systems. Results Regarding the scope of target institutions to be included in the surveillance system, medical institutions for sentinel surveillance had the highest proportion of agreement among the panels (75.0%, 9/12). For the benchmarking system, “tertiary- and secondary-care hospitals” were accepted as the scope of target institutions at the current moment. Furthermore, the National Health Insurance claims and prescription data of individual hospitals were considered appropriate data sources for the surveillance system. As for the measures to promote the participation of hospitals in the benchmarking system, “compensation through the establishment of antimicrobial management fees” and “set the participation in the program as a quality evaluation or accreditation index for hospital evaluation” were accepted. Conclusion This study provides a roadmap for establishing an antimicrobial use monitoring and benchmarking system for medical institutions at a national level in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Sook Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Korean Society of Health-System Pharmacist, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Yoon Park
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
- Centers for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Korea
| | - Heun Choi
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Suk Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Wook Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Uh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Sun R, Yao T, Zhou X, Harbarth S, Lin L. Non-biomedical factors affecting antibiotic use in the community: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 28:345-354. [PMID: 34768017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past two decades, human antibiotic consumption has increased globally, contributing to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance and calling for urgent effective actions. OBJECTIVES To systematically identify and collate studies exploring non-biomedical factors influencing healthcare consumers' antibiotic use globally, in order to inform future interventions to improve antibiotic use practices. METHODS Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Original and empirical studies that identified factors for healthcare consumers' antibiotic use. PARTICIPANTS Healthcare consumers. Assessment of risk of bias: Adapted BMJ survey appraisal tools, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist, and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool were utilised for quality assessment. Methods of data synthesis: The Social Ecological Framework and Health Belief Model were employed for data synthesis. We did random-effects meta-analyses to pool the odds ratios of risk factors for antibiotic use. RESULTS We included 71 articles for systematic review and analysis: 54 quantitative, nine qualitative, and eight mixed-methods studies. Prevalent non-prescription antibiotic uses and irresponsible prescriptions were reported globally, especially in low-to-middle income countries. Barriers to healthcare - wait time, transportation, stigmatization - influenced people's antibiotic use practices. Further, lack of oversight and regulation in the drug manufacturing and weak supply chain have led to the use of substandard or falsified antibiotics. Knowledge had mixed effects on antibiotic use behaviours. Meta-analyses identified pro-attitudes towards self-medication with antibiotics, relatives having medical backgrounds, older age, living in rural areas, and storing antibiotics at home to be risk factors for self-medication with antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Non-prescription antibiotic use and irresponsible prescriptions in the community are prevalent in all WHO regions and largely driven by a mixed collection of non-biomedical factors specific to the respective setting. Future AMR strategies should incorporate implementation science approach for community-based complex interventions that addresses drivers of the target behaviours tailored to local contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Sun
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Tingting Yao
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Xudong Zhou
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leesa Lin
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.
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14
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Impact of antibiotic usage on extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli prevalence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13024. [PMID: 34158540 PMCID: PMC8219833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in antibiotic usage is considered to contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
Although experts are counting on the antimicrobial stewardship programs to reduce antibiotic usage, their effect remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of antibiotic usage and forecast the prevalence of hospital-acquired extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)—producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) using time-series analysis. Antimicrobial culture information of E. coli was obtained using a text processing technique that helped extract free-text electronic health records from standardized data. The antimicrobial use density (AUD) of antibiotics of interest was used to estimate the quarterly antibiotic usage. Transfer function model was applied to forecast relationship between antibiotic usage and ESBL-producing E. coli. Of the 1938 hospital-acquired isolates, 831 isolates (42.9%) were ESBL-producing E. coli. Both the proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli and AUD increased over time. The transfer model predicted that ciprofloxacin AUD is related to the proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli two quarters later. In conclusion, excessive use of antibiotics was shown to affect the prevalence of resistant organisms in the future. Therefore, the control of antibiotics with antimicrobial stewardship programs should be considered to restrict antimicrobial resistance.
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15
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Mugada V, Mahato V, Andhavaram D, Vajhala SM. Evaluation of Prescribing Patterns of Antibiotics Using Selected Indicators for Antimicrobial Use in Hospitals and the Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) Classification by the World Health Organization. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:282-288. [PMID: 34157817 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.11456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to the world, and irrational use of antibiotics is a major contributing factor. Evaluation of antimicrobial use is underway with the help of indicators and the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of antibiotics into Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) categories. We aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antibiotics using the AWaRe classification by the WHO and selected indicators for antimicrobial use in hospitals. Materials and Methods A total of 1.000 prescriptions were analyzed during the study for antibiotic prescribing patterns. Antibiotic consumption was calculated using defined daily dose (DDD) methodology. The prescribing pattern was evaluated using the WHO classification of antibiotics into the categories AWaRe and using selected indicators (hospital and prescribing) for antimicrobial use in hospitals. Results A total of 1.128 antibiotics were prescribed during the study. The 19-44 age group was prescribed a high number of antibiotics (n=510). Females were prescribed a high number of antibiotics compared with males (n=602). Azithromycin was the most commonly consumed antibiotic (14.97 DDD/1000/day). Four antibiotics from the Access category and five from the Watch category were prescribed in the study. The Watch category of antibiotics were consumed in a high number. There were no standard treatment guidelines in the hospital. In all, 98.0% of antibiotics were consistent with the hospital formulary and prescribed under generic names. The average number of antibiotics prescribed per patient was 1.12. The average duration of antimicrobial treatment was 5.24 days. The percentage of patients prescribed antimicrobials for pneumonia in accordance with treatment guidelines was 13.28%. Conclusion Irrational use of antibiotics exists in hospitals. There is a need to maintain standard treatment guidelines in the hospital because it prevents irrational use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinodkumar Mugada
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Varsha Mahato
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Damayanthi Andhavaram
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sairam Mouli Vajhala
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Anh HQ, Le TPQ, Da Le N, Lu XX, Duong TT, Garnier J, Rochelle-Newall E, Zhang S, Oh NH, Oeurng C, Ekkawatpanit C, Nguyen TD, Nguyen QT, Nguyen TD, Nguyen TN, Tran TL, Kunisue T, Tanoue R, Takahashi S, Minh TB, Le HT, Pham TNM, Nguyen TAH. Antibiotics in surface water of East and Southeast Asian countries: A focused review on contamination status, pollution sources, potential risks, and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142865. [PMID: 33097262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This review provides focused insights into the contamination status, sources, and ecological risks associated with multiple classes of antibiotics in surface water from the East and Southeast Asia based on publications over the period 2007 to 2020. Antibiotics are ubiquitous in surface water of these countries with concentrations ranging from <1 ng/L to hundreds μg/L and median values from 10 to 100 ng/L. Wider ranges and higher maximum concentrations of certain antibiotics were found in surface water of the East Asian countries like China and South Korea than in the Southeast Asian nations. Environmental behavior and fate of antibiotics in surface water is discussed. The reviewed occurrence of antibiotics in their sources suggests that effluent from wastewater treatment plants, wastewater from aquaculture and livestock production activities, and untreated urban sewage are principal sources of antibiotics in surface water. Ecological risks associated with antibiotic residues were estimated for aquatic organisms and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria were reviewed. Such findings underline the need for synergistic efforts from scientists, engineers, policy makers, government managers, entrepreneurs, and communities to manage and reduce the burden of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water bodies of East and Southeast Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Quoc Anh
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Thi Phuong Quynh Le
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam.
| | - Nhu Da Le
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Xi Xi Lu
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Arts Link 1, Singapore 117570, Singapore
| | - Thi Thuy Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Josette Garnier
- Sorbonne University, UMR Metis 7619, 4th floor, Tour 56, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France
| | - Emma Rochelle-Newall
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Shurong Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai St., Beijing 100875, China
| | - Neung-Hwan Oh
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chantha Oeurng
- Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Conference Blvd., Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Chaiwat Ekkawatpanit
- Civil Engineering Department, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Thon Buri, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Tien Dat Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Quang Trung Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Dung Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Trong Nghia Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Environment, Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Khoai Chau, Hung Yen 17000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Lieu Tran
- Viet Nam National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (VNNIOSH), 99 Tran Quoc Toan, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Tatsuya Kunisue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Rumi Tanoue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tu Binh Minh
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Huu Tuyen Le
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ngoc Mai Pham
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Anh Huong Nguyen
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
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17
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Pak S, Kim SY, Kim SH, Joung JY, Park WS, Chung J, Lee KH, Seo HK. Association Between Antibiotic Treatment and the Efficacy of Intravesical BCG Therapy in Patients With High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:570077. [PMID: 33868985 PMCID: PMC8051584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.570077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between antibiotic therapy and the efficacy of intravesical BCG therapy in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods This study involved the retrospective review of medical records of patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors for high-risk NMIBC followed by intravesical BCG therapy between 2008 and 2017. Patients were categorized as none, short- (2-6 days), and long-course use (≥7 days) based on the duration of antibiotic treatment concurrent with or initiated ≤30 days before BCG therapy. Oncologic outcomes, including recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival, were analyzed. Results Of the 276 patients enrolled in the study, 162 (58.7%) had pathologic T1 disease and 206 (80.2%) had high-grade disease. Concurrently with or prior to BCG therapy, 114 patients had (41.3%) received short-course antibiotic therapy, and 96 (34.8%) patients had received long-course antibiotics. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (62.2% vs 26.9%; log rank, p <0.001) and progression-free survival (79.6% vs. 53.3%; log rank, p=0.001) rates were significantly higher in patients who did not receive antibiotic therapy than in those treated with long-course antibiotics. Multivariable analysis revealed that antibiotic treatment for more than 7 days was independently associated with increased risks of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-4.05; p < 0.001) and progression (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.65-8.22 p = 0.001). Conclusion Long-course antibiotic treatment concurrently with or prior to intravesical BCG adversely influenced disease recurrence and progression outcomes in patients with high-risk NMIBC. Careful use of antibiotics may be required to enhance the efficacy of intravesical BCG therapy. Further mechanistic and prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahyun Pak
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.,Department of Urology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Biometrics Research Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Sung Han Kim
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.,Division of Tumor Immunology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jae Young Joung
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Weon Seo Park
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jinsoo Chung
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Seo
- Department of Urology, Center for Urologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.,Division of Tumor Immunology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
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18
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Lee MC, Lu CH, Lee WY, Lee CM. Correlation between Nosocomial Carriage of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci and Antimicrobial Use in Taiwan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 104:1131-1136. [PMID: 33319735 PMCID: PMC7941815 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase of nosocomial vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) from 23.3% in 2009 to 44.5% in 2018 among all the medical centers in Taiwan was found. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between antimicrobial usage and prevalence of VRE. We conducted the study between January 2010 and December 2019 in a tertiary teaching hospital in Taiwan. Antibiotic consumption was expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1,000 patient-days (PDs). The trend in antibiotic consumption and VRE prevalence were analyzed by regression analysis with yearly data. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between antibiotic consumption and the prevalence of VRE. The total consumption of antibiotics increased significantly from 450.6 DDDs/1,000 PDs in 2010 to 520.1 DDDs/1,000 PDs in 2019 (P = 0.013). Positive correlations were found between the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and the consumption of amoxicillin/clavulanate, vancomycin, and carbapenems, which included meropenem (P < 0.05). The increase in total VRE prevalence was significantly correlated with increased consumption of vancomycin and carbapenems, which included meropenem (P < 0.05). This 10-year study in a hospital demonstrated changes in antimicrobial use, which may have affected VRE prevalence in the hospital. We found a rise in nosocomial VRE prevalence was associated with the use of specific antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ying Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Lee
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan
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19
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Kim B, Myung R, Lee MJ, Kim J, Pai H. Trend of Antibiotic Usage for Hospitalized Community-acquired Pneumonia Cases in Korea Based on the 2010-2015 National Health Insurance Data. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e390. [PMID: 33289366 PMCID: PMC7721565 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is to describe the changes in prescribing practices of antibiotics to treat community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Korea during 2010-2015. METHODS The claim database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea was used to select adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) admitted between 2010 and 2015, with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes relevant to all-cause pneumonia for the first or second priority discharge diagnosis. The episodes with hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia were excluded. Consumption of each antibiotic was converted to defined daily dose (DDD) per episode. The amount of antibiotic consumption was compared between patients with CAP aged < 65 years and those aged ≥ 65 years. RESULTS The average amount of antibiotic consumption per episode was 15.5 DDD, which remained stable throughout the study period (P = 0.635). Patients aged ≥ 65 years received more antibiotics than those aged < 65 years (15.7 vs. 15.3 DDD). Third-generation cephalosporin (4.9 DDD/episode, 31.4%) was the most commonly prescribed, followed by macrolide (2.7 DDD/episode, 17.1%) and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) (2.1 DDD/episode, 13.6%). The consumption amount of fourth-generation cephalosporin (4th CEP) (P = 0.001), BL/BLI (P = 0.003) and carbapenem (P = 0.002) increased each year during the study period. The consumption of 4th CEP and carbapenem was doubled during 2010-2015. CONCLUSION The prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics such as 4th CEP and carbapenem to treat CAP increased in Korea during 2010-2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rangmi Myung
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science & Economics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung Jae Lee
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science & Economics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Pai
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
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20
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Kim HJ, Koo M. Occurrence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Diversity of Enterococcus faecium in Processed Pork Meat Products in Korea. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091283. [PMID: 32932635 PMCID: PMC7555021 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Because Enterococcus faecium is an important nosocomial pathogen and sentinel organism for tracking antimicrobial resistance, information on the contamination and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. faecium in food are essential to public health and food safety. We analyzed the occurrence of E. faecium in retail pork meat products (n = 124), and antimicrobial resistance of 30 E. faecium isolates were examined against 14 antimicrobials using the broth dilution test and disc diffusion test. Rep-PCR-based molecular diversity was also analyzed using Deviersilab. The highest contamination of enterococci was observed for minced pork meat but most of the E. faecium was isolated from meatball-type frozen pork meat products (FP). Incidences of antimicrobial-resistant E. faecium against erythromycin, clindamycin and nitrofurantoin were 80%, 50% and 20%, respectively. No vancomycin-resistant enterococci were analyzed. Rep-PCR showed distinctive clusters with a similarity ≥ 98%, consisting of 18 E. faecium isolates from FP manufactured in seven companies. The analyzed data on the contamination and antimicrobial resistance patterns combined with molecular typing can be useful to derive risk management of antimicrobial-resistant enterococci in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Research Group of Consumer Safety, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-219-9271
| | - Minseon Koo
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
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21
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Hao Y, Chen S, Chang H, Yan X, Zhou W, Cao X, Huang R, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Jia B, Wu W, Xiong Y, Chen Y, Wu C. Temporal association between carbapenems usage and antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria at a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 98:115083. [PMID: 32650282 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the temporal association between carbapenems usage and antimicrobial resistance among major Gram-negative bacteria, using the data of quarterly carbapenems consumptions and percentages of antibiotic resistance for Gram-negative bacteria from inpatients from 2013 to 2017 in a tertiary hospital from Jiangsu Province, China. First, carbapenems consumption showed an increasing trend in the past 5 years, accompanied with the rising rates of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa resistance against imipenem. In A. baumannii, we identified correlations between carbapenems consumption and antimicrobial resistance against piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem, respectively. Additionally, close correlations were observed between carbapenems consumption and antimicrobial resistance against ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin in E. coli. Our data indicated that a significant positive correlation between the usage of carbapenems and the rate of antimicrobial resistance among A. baumannii and E. coli, respectively. Carbapenems should be cautiously prescribed to prevent antimicrobial resistance outbreak in A. baumannii and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shixing Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Hennan
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanqing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoping Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Jia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Kim B, Hwang H, Kim J, Lee MJ, Pai H. Ten-year trends in antibiotic usage at a tertiary care hospital in Korea, 2004 to 2013. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:703-713. [PMID: 30257553 PMCID: PMC7214379 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study was performed to evaluate trends in antibiotic usage at a tertiary care hospital in Korea. METHODS This study collated antibiotic prescription data and total patient days for inpatients at a tertiary care hospital in Korea between 2004 and 2013. The consumption of each class of antibiotic was converted to defined daily dose (DDD)/1,000 patient-days. We defined 3rd generation cephalosporins, 4th generation cephalosporins, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, and fluoroquinolones as broad-spectrum antibiotics; carbapenems, tigecycline, glycopeptides, oxazolidinone, and polymyxin were defined as antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Other antibiotic classes were defined as nonbroad-spectrum antibiotics. RESULTS Mean antibiotic consumption was 920.69 DDD/1,000 patient-days. The proportions of broad-spectrum antibiotics, antibiotics against MDR pathogens, and nonbroad-spectrum antibiotics were 41.8% (384.48/920.69), 3.5% (32.24/920.69), and 54.7% (503.97/920.69), respectively. Consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics (coefficient for time 0.141; p = 0.049) and antibiotics against MDR pathogens (coefficient for time 0.185; p < 0.001) showed a significant increasing trend over the study period. Nonbroad-spectrum antibiotic consumption showed a significant decreasing trend over the study period (coefficient for time -2.601; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Over the 10-year period, a stepwise increase in the consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics against MDR pathogens was observed at a tertiary care hospital in Korea. Conversely, during the same period, nonbroad-spectrum antibiotic consumption showed a significant decreasing trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyeonjun Hwang
- School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung-jae Lee
- Department of Economics, Korea University College of Political Science and Economics, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Pai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Hyunjoo Pai, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea Tel: +82-2-2290-8356 Fax: +82-2-2298-9183 E-mail:
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Kim B, Lee M, Moon S, Park S, Song KH, Lee H, Park J, Lee M, Choi SM, Yeom JS, Kim J, Kim CJ, Chang HH, Kim E, Kim T, Kim H. Current status of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in Korean hospitals: results of a 2018 nationwide survey. J Hosp Infect 2020; 104:172-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abbasian H, Hajimolaali M, Yektadoost A, Zartab S. Antibiotic Utilization in Iran 2000-2016: Pattern Analysis and Benchmarking with Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Countries. J Res Pharm Pract 2019; 8:162-167. [PMID: 31728348 PMCID: PMC6830016 DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_19_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is the main threat to health all over the world. The consumption of antibiotics is one of the factors causing the emergence of multidrug resistance. The purpose of this study was to recognize the patterns, trends, and changes of consumption in Iran and to compare them with those of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Methods: The data were collected from a national pharmaceutical wholesale data bank. Defined daily dose (DDD) or DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) was calculated as a standard indicator for the consumption over 17 years. Results: Were benchmarked with the consumption of OECD countries. Drug utilization 90% (DU90%) method was used to assess the drug consumption pattern. Findings: The antibiotic consumption jumped up from 33.6 DID to 60 DID from 2000 to 2016. Compared to the average consumption of OECD countries, Iran has consumed antibiotics almost triple times. There were 9–11 chemical substances in the DU90% list during these years. Changes in DU90% list occurred within antibiotics classes during the study period. Although the total consumption growth was equal to 79% during these years, consumption of some pharmacological subgroups such as sulfonamide and aminoglycosides has decreased. Conclusion: Albeit the existence of surveillance system for health-related infectious diseases, the consumption of antibiotics has increased drastically, which illustrates the necessity of comprehensive and effective national antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Abbasian
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hajimolaali
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Yektadoost
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Zartab
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Yang MS, Lee JY, Kim J, Kim GW, Kim BK, Kim JY, Park HW, Cho SH, Min KU, Kang HR. Searching for the Culprit Drugs for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis from a Nationwide Claim Database in Korea. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 8:690-695.e2. [PMID: 31614216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnic differences exist in relation to culprit drugs for Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). We wanted to determine culprit drugs for SJS and TEN in Korean population. OBJECTIVE To evaluate culprit drugs for SJS and TEN by applying an algorithm for assessment of drug causality for epidermal necrolysis (ALDEN) in a nationwide administrative database. METHODS We used the claims database, which included claims data for the entire South Korean population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by collecting subjects who were first diagnosed with SJS and TEN in 2011. All drugs prescribed to the subjects were reviewed and scored according to the ALDEN score. Drugs with an ALDEN score ≥2 were considered culprit drugs. RESULTS A total of 187 subjects were included in the culprit drug analysis; 33 very probable, 101 probable, and 57 possible culprit drugs were identified for SJS and TEN according to the ALDEN score. The most frequently suspected culprit drug was allopurinol (19 cases), followed by carbamazepine (17 cases), lamotrigine (13 cases), amoxicillin (9 cases), and dorzolamide (9 cases). Most cases (78.8%, 52 of 66) associated with the use of allopurinol, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, dorzolamide, and methazolamide occurred between 13 and 44 days after initiating the drug. CONCLUSION We applied the ALDEN score to the claims database to identify possible culprit drugs for SJS and TEN in South Korea. This approach could shed light on research and policymaking for drug adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Suk Yang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jayeun Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Carollo General Hospital, Suncheon si, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - Byung-Keun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Heung-Woo Park
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Drug Safety Monitoring Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Up Min
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Drug Safety Monitoring Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Mok J, Jo EJ, Eom JS, Kim MH, Kim KU, Park HK, Lee MK, Lee K. Clinical efficacy of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in patients with multidrug-resistant bacteremia: a single-center study in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2019; 34:1058-1067. [PMID: 31072077 PMCID: PMC6718763 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-f light mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a new diagnostic tool for microorganism identification. The clinical usefulness of this approach has not been widely examined in Korea. This retrospective pre-post-intervention quasi-experimental study examined the effect of MALDI-TOF MS on patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteremia in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS All consecutive patients with MDR bacteremia in the ICU of a tertiary care hospital between March 2011 and February 2013 and between March 2014 and February 2016 were enrolled. MALDI-TOF MS was introduced between these periods. In the pre-intervention and intervention groups, microorganisms were identified by conventional means and by MALDI-TOF MS, respectively. The groups were compared in terms of time from venipuncture to microorganism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test results. RESULTS In total, 187 patients (mean age, 61.0 years; 56.7% male) were enrolled. Of these, 97 and 90 were in the pre-intervention and intervention groups, respectively. The intervention group had a significantly shorter time from venipuncture to microorganism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test results (82.5 ± 21.6 hours vs. 92.3 ± 40.4 hours, p = 0.038). The antibiotics were adjusted in 52 patients (26 each in the pre-intervention and intervention groups) based on these results. These groups did not differ in terms of time from venipuncture to antibiotic adjustment, and multivariate regression analysis showed that MALDI-TOF MS-based microorganism identification was not associated with 28-day mortality. CONCLUSION Our study showed that MALDI-TOF MS accelerated microorganism identification in patients with MDR bacteremia, but did not inf luence 28-day mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongha Mok
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jung Seop Eom
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Uk Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Ki Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwangha Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Correspondence to Kwangha Lee, M.D. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seogu, Busan 49241, Korea Tel: +82-51-240-7743 Fax: +82-51-254-3127 E-mail:
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Kim B, Myung R, Lee MJ, Kim J, Pai H. Trend of antibiotics usage for acute pyelonephritis in Korea based on national health insurance data 2010-2014. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:554. [PMID: 31238896 PMCID: PMC6593604 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to describe the changes in prescribing practices of antibiotics to treat acute pyelonephritis (APN) in Korea. METHODS The claim data base of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea was used to select patients with ICD-10 codes N10 (acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis) or N12 (tubulo-interstitial nephritis, not specified as acute nor chronic) as the primary discharge diagnosis during 2010-2014. Consumption of each class of antibiotics was converted to Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/event. RESULTS Throughout the five-year period, the average antibiotic consumption were 11.3 DDD per inpatient event and 6.0 DDD per outpatient event. The annual average antibiotic consumption increased for inpatients (P = 0.002), but remained stable for outpatients (P = 0.066). The use of parenteral antibiotics increased for inpatients (P < 0.001), but decreased for outpatients (P = 0.017). As for the the antibiotic classes, 3rd generation cephalosporins (3rd CEPs) was the most commonly prescribed (41.4%) for inpatients, followed by fluoroquinolones (FQs) (28.5%); for outpatient, FQs (54.8%) was the most commonly prescribed, followed by 3rd CEPs (13.1%). The use of 3rd CEPs (P < 0.001), beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (P = 0.007), and carbapenems (P < 0.001) increased substantially for the treatment of hospitalized APN patients. In particular, carbapenems use increased 3.1-fold over the 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics increased much for the treatment of APN in Korea during 2010-2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Korea
| | - Rangmi Myung
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science & Economics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Myoung-jae Lee
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science & Economics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Pai
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Korea
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Yin J, Li Q, Sun Q. Antibiotic consumption in Shandong Province, China: an analysis of provincial pharmaceutical centralized bidding procurement data at public healthcare institutions, 2012-16. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:814-820. [PMID: 29272452 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the trends of antibiotic consumption in public healthcare institutions through analysing the provincial centralized bidding procurement (CBP) data in Shandong, China. Methods The Shandong CBP system has been established since 2011, covering public healthcare institutions of 500 secondary and tertiary hospitals, 600 urban primary healthcare centres (PHCs) and 1600 rural PHCs. We collected all the antibiotic procurement records from the CBP system between 2012 and 2016. Antibiotic consumption data were calculated using Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/DDD methodology and normalized using DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Results Overall antibiotic consumption increased from 12.859 DID in 2012 to 15.802 DID in 2014, then decreased to 13.802 DID in 2016. The top three antibiotics consumed in 2016 were penicillins (4.251 DID), quinolones (2.957 DID) and macrolides (2.057 DID). PHCs consumed 80% of the total antibiotics, of which rural PHCs accounted for 88%. Antibiotic consumption peaked in 2014 for rural PHCs and in 2015 for hospitals, and declined thereafter. In urban PHCs, the consumption steadily increased from 2012 to 2016. Conclusions Zero mark-up drug policies and national policies to improve rational use of antibiotic were associated with the reduction of antibiotic consumption in public healthcare institutions in Shandong Province. Regulations for antibiotic use in PHCs should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yin
- School of Health Care Management, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Center for Health Management and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinwei Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Procurement, Shandong Public Resources Trading Center, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- School of Health Care Management, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Center for Health Management and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Jeon K, Suh JK, Jang EJ, Cho S, Ryu HG, Na S, Hong SB, Lee HJ, Kim JY, Lee SM. Procalcitonin-Guided Treatment on Duration of Antibiotic Therapy and Cost in Septic Patients (PRODA): a Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e110. [PMID: 30977312 PMCID: PMC6460106 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to establish the efficacy and safety of procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic discontinuation in critically ill patients with sepsis in a country with a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and a national health insurance system. METHODS In a multi-center randomized controlled trial, patients were randomly assigned to a PCT group (stopping antibiotics based on a predefined cut-off range of PCT) or a control group. The primary end-point was antibiotic duration. We also performed a cost-minimization analysis of PCT-guided antibiotic discontinuation. RESULTS The two groups (23 in the PCT group and 29 in the control group) had similar demographic and clinical characteristics except for need for renal replacement therapy on ICU admission (46% vs. 14%; P = 0.010). In the per-protocol analysis, the median duration of antibiotic treatment for sepsis was 4 days shorter in the PCT group than the control group (8 days; interquartile range [IQR], 6-10 days vs. 14 days; IQR, 12-21 days; P = 0.001). However, main secondary outcomes, such as clinical cure, 28-day mortality, hospital mortality, and ICU and hospital stays were not different between the two groups. In cost evaluation, PCT-guided therapy decreased antibiotic costs by USD 30 (USD 241 in the PCT group vs. USD 270 in the control group). The results of the intention-to-treat analysis were similar to those obtained for the per-protocol analysis. CONCLUSION PCT-guided antibiotic discontinuation in critically ill patients with sepsis could reduce the duration of antibiotic use and its costs with no apparent adverse outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02202941.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongman Jeon
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Suh
- National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Jang
- National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea
- Department of Information Statistics, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
| | - Songhee Cho
- National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea
| | - Ho Geol Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungwon Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Bum Hong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yeol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been declared a global public health emergency, necessitating the involvement of the whole of society to address this increasingly serious threat. AMR causes prolonged illness, greater risk of infection spread, increased morbidity, and higher mortality rates, which result in increased expenses to the government, healthcare services, and individuals. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials has been indicated as the primary cause for the global expansion of AMR. Under these circumstances, various countries have formulated suitable national action plans to curb AMR. In Japan, the national action plan on AMR was announced in April 2016. Our previous study clarified that orally administered antimicrobials accounted for approximately 90% of total consumption: oral third-generation cephalosporins, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones accounted for approximately 77% of oral consumption. Therefore pharmacists must extend their support for the appropriate use of antimicrobials prescribed by attending physicians to not only hospitalized patients but also outpatients. "Choosing wisely," a US-based health education campaign, warns against unnecessary use of antimicrobials. Pharmacists should strive to disseminate the concept of "choosing wisely" in relation to other medicines, implement further interventions, and evaluate them. In this article, we present data on use of antimicrobials in Japan, and mention how pharmacists should be involved in enabling physicians choose antimicrobials wisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Muraki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacoepidemiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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Choe YJ, Shin JY. Trends in the use of antibiotics among Korean children. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019; 62:113-118. [PMID: 30852884 PMCID: PMC6477546 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2018.07290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inappropriate antibiotic use is the most important factor causing increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics, thus affecting patient outcomes. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a serious public health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Korea, the burden of antibioticresistant bacteria has become an important public health issue. There is increasing evidence of overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Korea, as observed in cohorts with large sample sizes. Antibiotic use among children should receive particular attention because of the frequency of community-associated infections among this population and the elevated risk of transmission. Recent studies from Korea have demonstrated that the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, either for inpatient or outpatient treatment, has increased among many age groups, especially children. In this review, we aim to describe the patterns of antibiotic prescription and evaluate recent trends in antibiotic use among children. Coordinated efforts toward communication and education in order to address misunderstandings regarding antibiotic use, involving interprofessional antimicrobial stewardship programs, are required in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young June Choe
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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Kim YA, Park YS, Youk T, Lee H, Lee K. Correlation of Aminoglycoside Consumption and Amikacin- or Gentamicin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Long-Term Nationwide Analysis: Is Antibiotic Cycling an Effective Policy for Reducing Antimicrobial Resistance? Ann Lab Med 2019; 38:176-178. [PMID: 29214765 PMCID: PMC5736680 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2018.38.2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Taemi Youk
- Department of Statistics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Effects of water matrix components on degradation efficiency and pathways of antibiotic metronidazole by UV/TiO2 photocatalysis. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kim B, Kim Y, Hwang H, Kim J, Kim SW, Bae IG, Choi WS, Jung SI, Jeong HW, Pai H. Trends and correlation between antibiotic usage and resistance pattern among hospitalized patients at university hospitals in Korea, 2004 to 2012: A nationwide multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13719. [PMID: 30572507 PMCID: PMC6320075 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changing pattern of antibiotic usage and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens among hospitalized patients in Korea. We simultaneously investigated the correlation between antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption.Data on total antibiotic prescriptions, patient days, and antimicrobial sensitivity tests among inpatients from 6 university hospitals in Korea in 2004, 2008, and 2012 were collected. The consumption of each antibiotic class was converted to defined daily dose/1000 patient-days by using the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system by the World Health Organization. We defined third-generation cephalosporins (3rd CEPs), fourth-generation cephalosporins, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, and fluoroquinolones (FQs) as broad-spectrum antibiotics and carbapenems, tigecycline, glycopeptides, oxazolidinone, and polymyxin as antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.A 15.1% decrease in total antibiotic consumption was observed in 2012 compared to that observed in 2004. In contrast, a 10.2% and 70.7% increase in broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics against MDR pathogens were observed, respectively, in the same period. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to 3rd CEPs (17.6% in 2004, 21.7% in 2008, and 33.8% in 2012, P <.001) and ciprofloxacin (37.5% in 2004, 38.7% in 2008, and 46.6% in 2012, P = .001) demonstrated a significantly increasing trend. Similarly, the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to 3rd CEPs (34.3% in 2004, 33.7% in 2008, and 44.5% in 2012, P <.001) gradually increased. Resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem significantly increased throughout the study period (A baumanii: 8.9% in 2004, 40.8% in 2008, and 65.3% in 2012, P <.001; P aeruginosa: 25.1% in 2004, 31.5% in 2008, and 29.7% in 2008, P = .050).The consumption of carbapenems and FQs demonstrated significant positive correlation for resistance of E coli or K pneumoniae to 3rd CEPs as well as E coli or K pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin. Increasing resistance of A baumanii to ciprofloxacin was significantly correlated with increasing consumption of FQs; increasing resistance of A baumanii to imipenem was significantly correlated with increasing consumption of carbapenems.In conclusion, overall antimicrobial resistance increased and consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics against MDR pathogens subsequently increased in Korean hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Hyeonjun Hwang
- School of Economic Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine
| | - Shin-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu
| | - In-Gyu Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju
| | - Won Suk Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Sook In Jung
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Pai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine
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Zhang D, Hu S, Sun J, Zhang L, Dong H, Feng W, Lei J, Dong Y. Antibiotic consumption versus the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria at a tertiary hospital in China from 2011 to 2017. J Infect Public Health 2018; 12:195-199. [PMID: 30385238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE China launched a 3-year rectification scheme on the clinical use of antibiotics in 2011, and a specific scheme on carbapenem use in February 2017. This study investigated the trends in and correlations between antibiotic consumption and the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGN) at a tertiary hospital during these years, particularly in carbapenem consumption. METHODS The data were collected calculated per quarter from 2011 to 2017. The trends in antibiotic consumption and resistance were analyzed by regression analysis, while Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlations. RESULT The total consumption of antibiotics halved during the 7-year study period, from 770.15 DDDs/1000 PDs in quarter 1 of 2011 to 395.07 DDDs/1000 PDs in quarter 4 of 2017. Meantime, carbapenem consumption showed the significant increase, from 28.71 DDDs/1000 PDs to 49.2 DDDs/1000 PDs. The detection rates of CRGN (carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) remained stable (P>0.05). The positive correlation was only discovered between the resistance rate of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumonia and the usage of carbapenems, which included meropenem and imipenem, with coefficients of 0.543, 0.537, and 0.497 (P<0.05), respectively. There was no more significant correlation in this study. CONCLUSION The total consumption of antibiotics reduced significantly in the analysed hospital, which could be related to the antimicrobial stewardship programme. However, the carbapenem consumption was increased. The specific index should be established to limit the application of carbapenems. This study identified the positive correlation between the detection rate of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumonia and carbapenem consumption. More research is needed to confirm the impact of restricting and appropriated use of carbapenems on the prevalence of CRGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sasa Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinyao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin'e Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Baek YH, Shin JY. Trends in polypharmacy over 12 years and changes in its social gradients in South Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204018. [PMID: 30226885 PMCID: PMC6143262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypharmacy is associated with adverse drug reactions and represents an economic burden on the health insurance system. The objective of our study was to assess the trends in polypharmacy and its associated factors in South Korea. This cross-sectional study used a nationwide sampled database between 2002 and 2013, including outpatients of all ages who received at least 1 prescription in the same period. Polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant prescription of ≥6 distinct medications on a single prescription at least once without a given duration. The yearly prescribing trends were calculated and plotted. We conducted comparative analyses to identify the changes in social gradients of polypharmacy between the first 2 years, 2002‒2003, and the final 2 years, 2012‒2013. We repeated logistic regressions for pediatrics <20 years of age and adults ≥20 years of age to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The distributions of polypharmacy in the respective periods were examined according to patient economic status (0 = most deprived and 10 = most affluent). The age-standardized prevalence of polypharmacy decreased from 65.8% in 2002 to 43.7% in 2013. Our study included 1,108,298 outpatients throughout 2002–2013. Pediatric patients aged 1–9 years had the highest number of medications among all age groups (mean: 5.1 ± 1.1 in 2002–2003 vs. 4.1 ± 1.1 in 2012–2013) in both periods. Changes in the association between deprivation and polypharmacy over 10 years were observed in adults (aOR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.62–0.75 in 2002–2003 vs. 1.60; 95% CI = 1.54–1.66 in 2012–2013) and pediatrics (aOR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.52–0.68 in 2002–2003 vs. 1.07; 95% CI = 1.01–1.14 in 2012–2013) compared with those in the most affluent patients. The high level of polypharmacy in pediatric patients is a public health concern that warrants policymaker attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim HJ, Oh T, Baek SY. Multidrug Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence of Escherichia coli Isolates from Commercial Meat and Vegetable Products. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:782-789. [PMID: 30183351 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is an important food safety and public health concern because of its pathogenicity and potential for antimicrobial resistance. E. coli isolates as food contaminants and their antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-forming ability, and virulence genes were analyzed to identify the potential of E. coli in food as a major transmission route for antimicrobial resistance and infectious agents. Among the 709 samples of minced meat and fresh vegetable products tested, 18.6% were positive for E. coli. One hundred nine (29.2%) out of 383 E. coli isolates were resistant to 1 or more of the 25 tested antimicrobials. Among the isolates from minced pork, the highest rate of resistance was observed for tetracycline (52.8%), followed by ampicillin (41.6%). The highest resistance rates against tetracycline were coincident with the high amount of tetracycline sold for veterinary use. Because penicillin is the most frequently used antimicrobial in humans, with 4.52 defined daily doses per 1000 people per day, the high rate of resistance to ampicillin (41.6%) supported the potential risk of E. coli food contaminants. However, only 1.3% of the isolates possessed the virulence genes commonly involved in foodborne outbreaks of E. coli. Sixty-seven isolates (17.5%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and the highest MDR was observed against 14 antimicrobials. Most of the MDR E. coli isolates showed biofilm-forming ability. Therefore, these isolates will have additional protection from environmental stresses, including antimicrobials. Given the importance of E. coli to food safety and public health, our results on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors provide useful information for risk management options to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
- 2 Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology , Daejeon Korea
| | - Taeyoung Oh
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
| | - Seung-Youb Baek
- 1 Research Group of Consumer Safety, Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Korea
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Kim YA, Park YS, Youk T, Lee H, Lee K. Changes in Antimicrobial Usage Patterns in Korea: 12-Year Analysis Based on Database of the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12210. [PMID: 30111796 PMCID: PMC6093866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
National antimicrobial usage and prescription patterns during the 12 years from 2002 to 2013 were analyzed using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Antimicrobial usage was analyzed by major illness, sex, age, area of residence, income rank, diagnosis, and type of medical institution for each year. Total antimicrobial prescriptions increased from 15.943 daily defined dose (DDD)/1,000 inhabitants/day in 2002 to 24.219 in 2013. In 2013, 72% of total prescriptions were administered in clinics. Antimicrobials were most frequently prescribed to children younger than 10 years, followed by adults aged 70 years or older and those aged 60-69 years. Penicillins and cephems were the most popular classes of antimicrobial used. In 2013, 48% of total antibiotic usage (11.683 DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day) was due to respiratory diseases. After the Korean government has implemented a series of healthcare policies, antibiotic prescription decreased for the treatment of upper respiratory infection, the causative agents are mostly viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Taemi Youk
- Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ryu S, Klein EY, Chun BC. Temporal association between antibiotic use and resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae at a tertiary care hospital. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018; 7:83. [PMID: 30026941 PMCID: PMC6048898 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-018-0373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background β-Lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) were introduced into clinical practice as an alternative to carbapenems for treating multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. However, little is known about the relationship between BLBLI treatment and antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we investigated the trends and the temporal association between antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates obtained between 2012 and 2016. Methods Data regarding quarterly consumption (total number of prescriptions per quarter) of all BLBLIs, all third-generation cephalosporins, and all fluoroquinolones at a tertiary care hospital were obtained from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Susceptibility data (isolation rate of antibiotic resistance per quarter) were obtained from the existing database of the same tertiary hospital. Regression analysis was used to analyze annual trends and cross-correlations to assess the temporal association on a quarterly basis between antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae. Results The rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in K. pneumoniae significantly increased over the study period (p < 0.01). The consumption of all BLBLIs was also found to be significantly correlated with the rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam (β = 0.66; p < 0.01), ceftazidime (β = 0.54; p = 0.02), and levofloxacin (β = - 0.60; p = 0.01) with two-quarter lags. Furthermore, the consumption of all third-generation cephalosporins was significantly correlated with rates of K. pneumoniae resistance to ceftazidime (β = 0.64; p < 0.01) with a two-quarter lag and levofloxacin (β = 0.50; p = 0.03) with a quarter lag. The consumption of all fluoroquinolones correlated with resistance rates to ceftazidime (β = 0.14; p < 0.01) with a two-quarter lag. Conclusions The rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in K. pneumoniae increased significantly over the study period and was significantly correlated with BLBLI consumption. While BLBLIs can potentially be utilized as an alternative to carbapenems, our findings reinforce concerns of resistance to these drugs. Further research is needed to understand the implications on resistance of utilizing BLBLIs as a carbapenem-sparing option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhyun Ryu
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Gyeonggi Provincial Government, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Informatics, Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eili Y. Klein
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington, D.C USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Byung Chul Chun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Informatics, Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
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Lee E, Song KH, Bae JY, Yoon D, Hwang JH, Choe PG, Park WB, Bang JH, Kim ES, Park SW, Kim NJ, Oh MD, Kim HB. Risk factors for poor outcome in community-onset Clostridium difficile infection. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018; 7:75. [PMID: 29946450 PMCID: PMC6003152 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-018-0365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A substantial portion of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) cases occur in communities, and community-onset CDI (CO-CDI) can lead to serious complications including mortality. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for a poor outcome in CO-CDI. Methods We performed a retrospective review of all inpatients with CDI, in a 1300-bed tertiary-care hospital in Korea, from 2008 through 2015. CO-CDI was defined as CDI occurring within 48 h of admission. Poor outcome was defined as follows: 1) all-cause 30-day mortality, 2) in-hospital mortality, or 3) surgery due to CDI. Results Of a total 1256 CDIs occurring over 8 years, 152 (12.1%) cases were classified as CO-CDI and 23 (15.1%) had a poor outcome, including 22 (14.5%) cases of mortality and 2 (1.3%) cases of surgery. Patients with a poor outcome had a higher mean age than those without a poor outcome (75.8 vs. 69.6 years, p = 0.03). The proportion of men and prior proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use were significantly higher in the poor outcome group (65.2% vs. 41.9%, p = 0.04; 39.1% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.02, respectively). Multivariate binary logistic model showed that PPI use and anemia (hemoglobin < 10 g/dL) at presentation were significantly associated with a poor outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.76; 95% confidence interval [95CI], 1.26-11.21, aOR, 4.67; 95CI, 1.52-14.34, respectively). Conclusions Clinicians should not only be aware of the possibility of CDI in the community setting but also pay more attention to PPI-using elderly patients with anemia in consideration of a poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-707 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Song
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-707 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Bae
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doran Yoon
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Hwang
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Bang
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-707 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-707 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim B, Hwang H, Kim J, Lee MJ, Pai H. A few antibiotics can represent the total hospital antibiotic consumption. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:247. [PMID: 29855273 PMCID: PMC5984315 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Appropriate antibiotic use has become an important issue. However, collecting data on the use of all antibiotics in a hospital is difficult without an advanced computerized system and dedicated staff. This paper examines if 1–3 antibiotics can satisfactorily represent the total antibiotic consumption at the hospital level. Methods We collected antibiotic data from six large university hospitals in Korea for some years between 2004 and 2012. Since the total antibiotics consist of a few chosen representative antibiotics and the rest, we used those chosen antibiotics along with additional variables constructed only with t (time) such as t, t2, and t3 to capture the time trend and whether t belongs to each month or not to capture the monthly variations. The ordinary least squares method was used to explain the total antibiotic amount with these variables, and then the estimated model was employed to predict the use for 2013. To determine which antibiotics were the most representative in tracking general trends in antibiotic use over time, we tried various combinations of antibiotics to find the combination that best minimized the 2013 prediction error. Results We found that fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides were the most representative, followed by beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors and 4th-generation and 3rd-generation cephalosporins. The mean prediction error over 12 months in 2013 with these few antibiotics was only 1–3% of the monthly antibiotic consumption amount. Conclusions The total antibiotic consumption amount at the hospital level can be represented sufficiently by a few antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, which means that hospitals can save resources by tracing only the usage of those few antibiotics instead of the entire inventory. Since the choice of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides is based solely on our Korean data, other hospitals may follow the same modelling methodology to find their own representative antibiotics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3132-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyeonjun Hwang
- School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Internal medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Jae Lee
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science & Economics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| | - Hyunjoo Pai
- Department of Internal medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Qu X, Yin C, Sun X, Huang S, Li C, Dong P, Lu X, Zhang Z, Yin A. Consumption of antibiotics in Chinese public general tertiary hospitals (2011-2014): Trends, pattern changes and regional differences. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196668. [PMID: 29723230 PMCID: PMC5933762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China has a high rate of antibiotic use. The Chinese Ministry of Health (MOH) established the Center for Antibacterial Surveillance (CAS) to monitor the use of antibacterial agents in hospitals in 2005. The purpose of this study was to identify trends, pattern changes and regional differences in antibiotic consumption in 151 public general tertiary hospitals across China from 2011–2014. Materials and methods Valid data for antibiotic use were collected quarterly, and the antibiotic consumption data were expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 inpatient days (ID). We compared the patterns of antibiotic use in different classes and geographical clusters. Results Total antibiotic use significantly decreased (P = 0.018) from 75.86 DDD/100 ID in 2011 to 47.03 DDD/100 ID in 2014. The total consumption of flomoxef sodium and cefminox increased from 1.31 DDD/100 BD in 2011 to 8.6 DDD/100 BD in 2014. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotics in all regions. Third-generation cephalosporins accounted for more than 45% of the cephalosporins used. Carbapenem use substantially increased (P = 0.043). Penicillin combinations with inhibitors accounted for 50% of the penicillin used, and prescribed meropenem accounted for most of the carbapenems used in all regions in 2014. The subclasses in each antibiotic group were used differently between the seven regions, and the total hospital antibiotic use in 2014 differed significantly by region (P = 0.014). Conclusion Although the volume and intensity of total antibiotic use decreased, the antibiotic use patterns were not optimal, and broad-spectrum antibiotics were still the main classes. The aggregate data obtained during the study period reveal similar antibiotic consumption patterns in different regions. These findings provide useful information for improving the rational use of antibiotics. More detailed data on antibiotics linked to inpatient diseases need to be collected in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Qu
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chang Yin
- Information Center, National Institute of Hospital Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xihong Sun
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shusheng Huang
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaofan Li
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Dong
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiufang Lu
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aitian Yin
- School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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Han J, Ye YM, Lee S. Epidemiology of drug hypersensitivity reactions using 6-year national health insurance claim data from Korea. Int J Clin Pharm 2018; 40:1359-1371. [PMID: 29611015 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-018-0625-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) constitute a large portion of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), but studies for DHR incidence based on national data are scarce. Objective This study aimed to estimate the incidence and patterns of DHRs in a Korean population and the associated utilization of medical resources using the national claims data. Setting The retrospective cohort study performed using the national insurance claim database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) in Korea. Methods The International Classification of Disease 10th revision code was used to identify DHRs with 20 drug induced DHR codes. The claim data with a diagnosis of DHR in the 2009-2014 periods were analyzed. Main outcome and measure The annual incidence and the 6-year incidence rates were calculated. Incidence rate coefficients were analyzed by sex, age, and year. DHRs following with visits of emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU) were assessed for utilization of medical resources and risk of ER or ICU visits by sex and age Results A total of 535,049 patients with 1,083,507 claims were assessed in the HIRA database for 6 years. DHR incidence was high in the elderly. The risk of ED and ICU visit with DHR was also higher in the elderly than in the young [highest relative risk, RR of ED 2.59 (1.65-4.07), ICU 5.04 (2.50-10.18)]. DHRs related to blood were high in the young age. Conclusion Incidence of DHRs in the real-world clinical practice was higher in the elderly and female. Clinical consequence was more severe in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeEun Han
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhyang Lee
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Education, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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44
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Kim YA, Park YS. Epidemiology and treatment of antimicrobialresistant gram-negative bacteria in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:247-255. [PMID: 29506343 PMCID: PMC5840603 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is becoming one of the greatest challenges to public health worldwide. Infections by antimicrobial-resistant organisms could result in the failure of treatment, increased medical costs, prolonged hospital stays, and an increased socioeconomic burden. Antimicrobial usage in Korea remains heavy, even after much effort to reduce their use. According to the Korean antimicrobial resistance surveillance system, the resistance rates of many bacteria are increasing. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem in Korea increased to 85% in 2015, representing a major public threat. The reports of increased carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae are worrisome. More importantly, some carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae may result from the production of carbapenemases, which break down carbapenems. There are relatively few treatment options for extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Most reports are retrospective observational studies. Because there are little published data from randomized controlled trials, more data assessing antimicrobial treatment for extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are needed to make treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
- Correspondence to Yoon Soo Park, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, 100 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10444, Korea Tel: +82-31-900-0979 Fax: +82-31-900-0343 E-mail:
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45
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Han MY, Chung HL, Ahn YM, Shim JY. Literature review and future strategies of childhood respiratory diseases in Korea. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2018. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2018.6.s1.s66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Yong Han
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hai Lee Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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46
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Yamasaki D, Tanabe M, Muraki Y, Kato G, Ohmagari N, Yagi T. The first report of Japanese antimicrobial use measured by national database based on health insurance claims data (2011-2013): comparison with sales data, and trend analysis stratified by antimicrobial category and age group. Infection 2017; 46:207-214. [PMID: 29273972 PMCID: PMC5871632 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-017-1097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Our objective was to evaluate the utility of the national database (NDB) based on health insurance claims data for antimicrobial use (AMU) surveillance in medical institutions in Japan. Methods The population-weighted total AMU expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) was measured by the NDB. The data were compared with our previous study measured by the sales data. Trend analysis of DID from 2011 to 2013 and subgroup analysis stratified by antimicrobial category and age group were performed. Results There was a significant linear correlation between the AMUs measured by the sales data and the NDB. Total oral and parenteral AMUs (expressed in DID) were 1.04-fold from 12.654 in 2011 to 13.202 in 2013 and 1.13-fold from 0.734 to 0.829, respectively. Percentage of oral form among total AMU was high with more than 94% during the study period. AMU in the children group (0–14 years) decreased from 2011 to 2013 regardless of dosage form, although the working age group (15–64 years) and elderly group (65 and above years) increased. Oral AMU in the working age group was approximately two-thirds of those in the other age groups. In contrast, parenteral AMU in the elderly group was extremely high compared to the other age groups. Conclusions The trend of AMU stratified by antimicrobial category and age group were successfully measured using the NDB, which can be a tool to monitor outcome indices for the national action plan on antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yamasaki
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Mie University Hospital, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanabe
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Mie University Hospital, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Muraki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacoepidemiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Genta Kato
- Solutions Center for Health Insurance Claims, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yagi
- Department of infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Shokouhi E, Zamani-Alavijeh F, Araban M. Explaining family physicians' beliefs about antibiotic prescription. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5560-5567. [PMID: 29238498 PMCID: PMC5718862 DOI: 10.19082/5560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotics are among those drugs prescribed abundantly in hospitals due to their high efficiency. However, excessive, non-logical and unnecessary use of antibiotics regardless of physicians' recommendations is considered as a challenge. Objectives The aim of this study was to explain family physicians' beliefs about antibiotic prescription in Ahvaz. Methods This study is part of a content-analysis qualitative research conducted in Ahvaz in 2016. Study subjects were selected according to purposive sampling and data collection continued to data saturation. Required data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews with participation of eight subjects. Data analysis was conducted along with conducting interviews using constant comparison analysis, and it continued to the last interview. Strength and accuracy of data were investigated by experts and participants. Results From data analysis, four major categories were extracted that were composed of 20 subcategories. They were 1) expected outcomes of antibiotics (perceived pros and cons); 2) perceived pressure to follow others' opinions; 3) the level of access to antibiotics; and 4) individual's perception for prescription. Conclusion Findings of this study showed that various factors affect physicians' decisions to prescribe antibiotics and it is emphasized to consider these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shokouhi
- Health Education Student, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Public Health School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Zamani-Alavijeh
- Ph.D. in Health Education, Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Araban
- Ph.D. in Health Education, Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Pediatric fluoroquinolone prescription in South Korea before and after a regulatory intervention: A nationwide study, 2007-2015. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176420. [PMID: 28520738 PMCID: PMC5435163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of national implementation of age restriction on fluoroquinolone prescription in children and adolescents. Methods Data collected from the database of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea, a national health insurance system to analyze fluoroquinolone prescribing practice in children and adolescents younger than 18 years, between 2007 and 2015. The age restriction was implemented in December 2009. The annual prescription rate of FQ per 100,000 person-years was calculated and an autoregressive model was used to predict the prescription pattern if an intervention had not occurred. Results A total of 505,859 children received systemic fluoroquinolone during the study period—297,054 ciprofloxacin, and 208,805 levofloxacin. After implementation of the drug utilization review program, the annual prescription rate for ciprofloxacin declined by 97.5% (from 840 to 21 per 100,000 person-years, P < 0.001), and for levofloxacin by 96.4% (from 598 to 11 per 100,000 person-years, P < 0.001). The decline was more dramatic in the outpatient setting than in the inpatient setting for both drugs. Conclusion The dramatic and sustained decline in prescription number and change in prescription pattern after the regulatory action suggests that the implementation under drug utilization review program was successful in controlling excessive and inappropriate use of fluoroquinolones in children, possibly guiding towards more judicious and selective prescription behavior.
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Sohn S, Kim J, Chung CK, Lee NR, Sohn MJ, Kim SH. A Nation-Wide Epidemiological Study of Newly Diagnosed Primary Spine Tumor in the Adult Korean Population, 2009-2011. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2017; 60:195-204. [PMID: 28264240 PMCID: PMC5365297 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2016.0505.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This 2009–2011 nation-wide study of adult Koreans was aimed to provide characteristics, medical utilization states, and survival rates for newly diagnosed patients with primary nonmalignant and malignant spine tumors. Methods Data for patients with primary spine tumors were selected from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. The data included their age, sex, health insurance type, co-morbidities, medical cost, and hospital stay duration. Hospital stay duration and medical costs per person occurring in one calendar year were used. In addition, survival rates of patients with primary malignant spine tumors were evaluated. Results The incidence rate of a primary spine tumor increased with age, and the year of diagnosis (p≤0.0001). Average annual medical costs ranged from 1627 USD (pelvis & sacrum & coccyx tumors) to 6601 USD (spinal cord tumor) for primary nonmalignant spine tumor and from 12137 USD (spinal meningomas) to 20825 USD (pelvis & sacrum & coccyx tumors) for a primary malignant spine tumor. Overall survival rates for those with a primary malignant spine tumor were 87.0%, 75.3%, and 70.6% at 3, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The Cox regression model results showed that male sex, medicare insurance were significantly positive factors affecting survival after a diagnosis of primary malignant spine tumor. Conclusion Our study provides a detailed view of the characteristics, medical utilization states, and survival rates of patients newly diagnosed with primary spine tumors in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seil Sohn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Rae Lee
- National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Jun Sohn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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50
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Zhang HH, Du Y, Liu W, Song SD, Zhao W, Huang GW, Wang HS. Effectiveness of Antibiotic Use Management in Tianjin (2011-2013): A Quasi-Experimental Study. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:725-731. [PMID: 28179620 PMCID: PMC5317282 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we investigated changes in the status of antibiotic use in Tianjin since the implementation of the Antibiotic Stewardship Program (ASP) (2011-2013), as well as existing problems, strategies, and outcomes to promote rational clinical antibiotic use. MATERIAL AND METHODS A quasi-experimental study was performed to investigate situations of antibiotic use in secondary and tertiary general hospitals in Tianjin from April 2011 to 2013. Five major indicators were analyzed: percentage of antibiotic use in inpatient cases (%), antibacterial use density (AUD), proportion of prophylactic antibiotic application for type I surgical incision, compliance rate of medication administration 0.5-2.0 h before such procedures, and antibiotic prophylaxis for ≤24 h in patients receiving these surgeries. RESULTS There was a decrease in the percentage of antibiotic use across general hospitals (60.38% to 46.88%), in AUD (51.60% to 35.37%), and in the proportion of prophylactic antibiotic applications for type I incisions (86.67% to 25.08%). For patients undergoing these procedures, there was an increased compliance rate of medication administration of 0.5-2.0 h prior to surgery (86.38% to 100%), and of antibiotic prophylactic use for ≤24 h (40.30% to 96.37%). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of the ASP campaign has reduced irrational antibiotic use, promoted rational antibiotic use, and delayed antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Du
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Public Health, Tianjin Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Shi-Duo Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Guo-Wei Huang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - He-Sheng Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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