1
|
Sundar SV, Zhou JX, Magenheimer BS, Reif GA, Wallace DP, Georg GI, Jakkaraj SR, Tash JS, Yu ASL, Li X, Calvet JP. The lonidamine derivative H2-gamendazole reduces cyst formation in polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F492-F506. [PMID: 35979967 PMCID: PMC9529276 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00095.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a debilitating renal neoplastic disorder with limited treatment options. It is characterized by the formation of large fluid-filled cysts that develop from kidney tubules through abnormal cell proliferation and cyst-filling fluid secretion driven by cAMP-dependent Cl- secretion. We tested the effectiveness of the indazole carboxylic acid H2-gamendazole (H2-GMZ), a derivative of lonidamine, to inhibit these processes using in vitro and in vivo models of ADPKD. H2-GMZ was effective in rapidly blocking forskolin-induced, Cl--mediated short-circuit currents in human ADPKD cells, and it significantly inhibited both cAMP- and epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation of ADPKD cells. Western blot analysis of H2-GMZ-treated ADPKD cells showed decreased phosphorylated ERK and decreased hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma levels. H2-GMZ treatment also decreased ErbB2, Akt, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4, consistent with inhibition of heat shock protein 90, and it decreased levels of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl- channel protein. H2-GMZ-treated ADPKD cultures contained a higher proportion of smaller cells with fewer and smaller lamellipodia and decreased cytoplasmic actin staining, and they were unable to accomplish wound closure even at low H2-GMZ concentrations, consistent with an alteration in the actin cytoskeleton and decreased cell motility. Experiments using mouse metanephric organ cultures showed that H2-GMZ inhibited cAMP-stimulated cyst growth and enlargement. In vivo, H2-GMZ was effective in slowing postnatal cyst formation and kidney enlargement in the Pkd1flox/flox: Pkhd1-Cre mouse model. Thus, H2-GMZ treatment decreases Cl- secretion, cell proliferation, cell motility, and cyst growth. These properties, along with its reported low toxicity, suggest that H2-GMZ might be an attractive candidate for treatment of ADPKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a renal neoplastic disorder characterized by the formation of large fluid-filled cysts that develop from kidney tubules through abnormal cell proliferation and cyst-filling fluid secretion driven by cAMP-dependent Cl- secretion. This study shows that the lonidamine derivative H2-GMZ inhibits Cl- secretion, cell proliferation, and cyst growth, suggesting that it might have therapeutic value for the treatment of ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin V Sundar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Julie Xia Zhou
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brenda S Magenheimer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Gail A Reif
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Darren P Wallace
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Gunda I Georg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sudhakar R Jakkaraj
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joseph S Tash
- Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Alan S L Yu
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James P Calvet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sudarikova A, Vasileva V, Sultanova R, Ilatovskaya D. Recent advances in understanding ion transport mechanisms in polycystic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2521-2540. [PMID: 34751394 PMCID: PMC8589009 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the most recent advances in the understanding of the electrolyte transport-related mechanisms important for the development of severe inherited renal disorders, autosomal dominant (AD) and recessive (AR) forms of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). We provide here a basic overview of the origins and clinical aspects of ARPKD and ADPKD and discuss the implications of electrolyte transport in cystogenesis. Special attention is devoted to intracellular calcium handling by the cystic cells, with a focus on polycystins and fibrocystin, as well as other calcium level regulators, such as transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels, ciliary machinery, and purinergic receptor remodeling. Sodium transport is reviewed with a focus on the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), and the role of chloride-dependent fluid secretion in cystic fluid accumulation is discussed. In addition, we highlight the emerging promising concepts in the field, such as potassium transport, and suggest some new avenues for research related to electrolyte handling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Regina F. Sultanova
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rugg C, Bachler M, Mösenbacher S, Wiewiora E, Schmid S, Kreutziger J, Ströhle M. Early ICU-acquired hypernatraemia is associated with injury severity and preceded by reduced renal sodium and chloride excretion in polytrauma patients. J Crit Care 2021; 65:9-17. [PMID: 34052781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To further elucidate the origin of early ICU-acquired hypernatraemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective single-centre study, polytrauma patients requiring ICU treatment were analysed. RESULTS Forty-eight (47.5%) of 101 included polytrauma patients developed hypernatraemia within the first 7 days on ICU. They were more severely ill as described by higher SAPS III, ISS, daily SOFA scores and initial norepinephrine requirements as well as longer requirements of mechanical ventilation and ICU treatment in general. The development of hypernatraemia was neither attributable to fluid- or sodium-balances nor renal impairment. Although lower in the hypernatraemic group from day 4 onwards, median creatinine clearances were sufficiently high throughout the observation period. However, in the hypernatraemic group, urine sodium and chloride concentrations prior to the evolvement of hypernatraemia (56 (27-87) mmol/l and 39 (23-77) mmol/l) were significantly decreased when compared to i) the time after developing hypernatraemia (94 (58-134) mmol/l and 78 (36-115) mmol/l; p < 0.001) and ii) the non-hypernatraemic group in general (101 (66-143) mmol/l and 75 (47-109) mmol/l; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Early ICU-acquired hypernatraemia is associated with injury severity and preceded by reduced renal sodium and chloride excretion in polytrauma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rugg
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Mirjam Bachler
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Simon Mösenbacher
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Elena Wiewiora
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Stefan Schmid
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Janett Kreutziger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Mathias Ströhle
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peng F, Cai W, Li J, Li H. ClC-5 Downregulation Induces Osteosarcoma Cell Apoptosis by Promoting Bax and tBid Complex Formation. Front Oncol 2021; 10:556908. [PMID: 33614474 PMCID: PMC7892965 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.556908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor. Chloride (Cl-) channels-mediated Cl- movement plays an important role in regulating the functions of various cancer cells, but its role in osteosarcoma remains unclear. In this study, we found that ClC-5 was increased in osteosarcoma tissues compared with normal bone tissues. Patients with high ClC-5 expression showed poor overall survival relative to those patients with low ClC-5 expression. Higher ClC-5 expression and lower intracellular Cl- concentration ([Cl-]i) were observed in osteosarcoma cells compared with normal osteoblasts. Lowering [Cl-]i increased the viability of osteosarcoma cells, which was markedly blocked by ClC-5 downregulation. Knockdown of ClC-5 significantly induced osteosarcoma cell apoptosis and increased the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, concomitantly with cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP. The effect of ClC-5 downregulation on osteosarcoma cell apoptosis and viability was abolished by caspase-3 and caspase-9 inhibitors, but not caspase-8 inhibitor. Furthermore, ClC-5 inhibition promoted Bax translocation from cytosol to mitochondria. Immunoprecipitation showed that ClC-5 interacted with Bax and ClC-5 downregulation enhanced Bax and tBid complex formation. Collectively, we demonstrate that ClC-5 downregulation induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway activation by promoting Bax and tBid association and subsequent Bax translocation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weisong Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haohuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jouret F, Devuyst O. Targeting chloride transport in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109703. [PMID: 32619563 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent inherited kidney disease. Transepithelial fluid secretion is one of the key factors of cystogenesis in ADPKD. Multiple studies have suggested that fluid secretion across ADPKD cyst-lining cells is driven by the secretion of chloride, essentially mediated by the CFTR channel and stimulated by increased intracellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of fluid secretion in ADPKD based on the pioneering studies of Jared Grantham and colleagues, and on the follow-up investigations from the molecular level to the potential applications in ADPKD patients. Altogether, the studies of fluid and chloride transport in ADPKD paved the way for innovative therapeutic targets to prevent cyst volume expansion and thus, kidney disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Jouret
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, ULiège Academic Hospital, Liège, Belgium,; Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Géno-protéomique Appliquée, Cardiovascular Sciences, ULiège Medical School, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Division of Nephrology, UCLouvain Medical School, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium,; Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arkhipov SN, Potter DL, Geurts AM, Pavlov TS. Knockout of P2rx7 purinergic receptor attenuates cyst growth in a rat model of ARPKD. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1649-F1655. [PMID: 31630543 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00395.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The severity of polycystic kidney diseases (PKD) depends on the counterbalancing of genetic predisposition and environmental factors exerting permissive or protective influence on cyst development. One poorly characterized phenomenon in the cystic epithelium is abnormal purinergic signaling. Earlier experimental studies revealed the high importance of the ionotropic P2X receptors (particularly, P2X7) in the pathophysiology of the cyst wall. To study mechanisms of P2X7 involvement in cyst growth and aspects of targeting these receptors in PKD treatment we performed a CRISPR/SpCas9-mediated global knockout of the P2rx7 gene in PCK rats, a model of autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD). A single base insertion in exon 2 of the P2rx7 gene in the renal tissues of homozygous mutant animals leads to lack of P2X7 protein that did not affect their viability or renal excretory function. However, PCK.P2rx7 rats demonstrated slower cyst growth (but not formation of new cysts) compared with heterozygous and PCK.P2rx7+ littermates. P2X7 receptors are known to activate pannexin-1, a plasma channel capable of releasing ATP, and we found here that pannexin-1 expression in the cystic epithelium is significantly higher than in nondilated tubules. P2X7 deficiency reduces renal pannexin-1 protein expression and daily urinary ATP excretion. Patch-clamp analysis revealed that lack of P2X7 increases epithelial sodium channel activity in renal tissues and restores impaired channel activity in cysts. Interpretation of our current data in the context of earlier studies strongly suggests that P2X7 contributes to cyst growth by increasing pannexin-1-dependent pathogenic ATP release into the lumen and reduction of sodium reabsorption across the cyst walls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Arkhipov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - D'Anna L Potter
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arkhipov SN, Pavlov TS. ATP release into ADPKD cysts via pannexin-1/P2X7 channels decreases ENaC activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:166-171. [PMID: 30952430 PMCID: PMC6475605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition is necessary for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) initiation, although there are other, incompletely identified downstream processes that are required for cyst growth. Their characterization may provide a unique opportunity for clinical interventions. One of the poorly studied phenomena in PKD is high ATP content in cysts. Unfortunately, neither origins of uncontrolled ATP release, nor consequences of abnormal purinergic signaling in relation to epithelial transport are well explored in the polycystic kidney. We tested the distribution of pannexin-1 (Panx1) and P2X7, two proteins potentially involved in ATP release, in the kidneys of the Pkd1RC/RC mice, a model of autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD). Abundances of both proteins were abnormally increased in the cyst lining cells compared to non-dilated collecting ducts. To establish if pannexin-1 contributes to ATP release in the collecting ducts (CD), we measured luminal accumulation of ATP in M1 cell renal CD monolayers, and found that treatment with probenecid, a Panx1 blocker, prevents ATP release. Single channel patch clamp analysis of polarized M1 cells revealed that apical stimulation of P2X receptors with αβ-MeATP acutely reduces ENaC activity. We conclude that in ADPKD progression, an abnormal hyperexpression of both PANX1 and P2RX7 occurs in the cyst lining epithelial cells. High abundance of both proteins is not typical for non-dilated CDs but, when it happens in cysts, pannexin1/P2X7 cooperation elevates ATP release into the luminal space. High ATP level is a pathogenic factor facilitating cystogenesis by reducing ENaC-mediated reabsorption from the lumen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Arkhipov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang SX, Zhang ZC, Bai HL. ClC-5 alleviates renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction mice. Hum Cell 2019; 32:297-305. [PMID: 31054069 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the major feature of end-stage renal disease with high mortality. Chloride (Cl-) moving along Cl- channels has been suggested to play to an important role in renal function. This study aims to investigate the role of ClC-5 in renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mice. C57BL/6 mice received UUO surgery followed by delivery of adeno-associated virus encoding ClC-5 cDNA (AAVClC-5). Western blotting, real-time PCR and histological analysis were used to investigate the effects of ClC-5 on renal fibrosis and underlying mechanisms. The expression of ClC-5 was significantly decreased in renal cortex of UUO mice and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated HK2 cells. Overexpression of ClC-5 in vivo markedly ameliorated UUO-induced renal injury and fibrosis. The increased expressions of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, connective tissue growth factor, collagen III and collagen IV were also inhibited by ClC-5 upregulation. Moreover, UUO-induced immune cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokines release were attenuated in mice infected with AAVClC-5. In addition, the in vivo and in vitro results showed that ClC-5 overexpression prevented epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), concomitantly with a restoration of E-cadherin expression and a decrease of vimentin, α-SMA and S100A4 expressions. Furthermore, ClC-5 overexpression inhibited UUO- or TGF-β1-induced increase in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) acetylation and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) expression. However, downregulation of ClC-5 in HK2 cells further potentiated TGF-β1-induced EMT and increase in NF-κB acetylation and MMP-9 expression. ClC-5 upregulation ameliorates renal fibrosis via inhibiting NF-κB/MMP-9 pathway signaling activation, suggesting that ClC-5 may be a novel therapeutic target for treating renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xia Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 418 Guazhou Road, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China.
| | - Zheng-Chang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Hui-Ling Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 418 Guazhou Road, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Malekshahabi T, Khoshdel Rad N, Serra AL, Moghadasali R. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Disrupted pathways and potential therapeutic interventions. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12451-12470. [PMID: 30644092 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic inherited renal cystic disease that occurs in different races worldwide. It is characterized by the development of a multitude of renal cysts, which leads to massive enlargement of the kidney and often to renal failure in adulthood. ADPKD is caused by a mutation in PKD1 or PKD2 genes encoding the proteins polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. Recent studies showed that cyst formation and growth result from deregulation of multiple cellular pathways like proliferation, apoptosis, metabolic processes, cell polarity, and immune defense. In ADPKD, intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) promotes cyst enlargement by stimulating cell proliferation and transepithelial fluid secretion. Several interventions affecting many of these defective signaling pathways have been effective in animal models and some are currently being tested in clinical trials. Moreover, the stem cell therapy can improve nephropathies and according to studies were done in this field, can be considered as a hopeful therapeutic approach in future for PKD. This study provides an in-depth review of the relevant molecular pathways associated with the pathogenesis of ADPKD and their implications in development of potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Malekshahabi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Khoshdel Rad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andreas L Serra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Klinik Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cao Q, Gu J, Wang D, Liang F, Zhang H, Li X, Yin S. Physiological mechanism of osmoregulatory adaptation in anguillid eels. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:423-433. [PMID: 29344774 PMCID: PMC5862950 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the production of eel larvae has dramatic declines due to reductions in spawning stocks, overfishing, growth habitat destruction and access reductions, and pollution. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent for artificial production of glass eels. However, the technique of artificial hatching and rearing larvae is still immature, which has long been regarded as an extremely difficult task. One of the huge gaps is artificial condition which is far from the natural condition to develop their capability of osmoregulation. Thus, understanding their osmoregulatory mechanisms will help to improve the breed and adapt to the changes in the environment. In this paper, we give a general review for a study progress of osmoregulatory mechanisms in eels from five aspects including tissues and organs, ion transporters, hormones, proteins, and high throughput sequencing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Fenfei Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Hongye Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Xinru Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ilatovskaya DV, Palygin O, Staruschenko A. Functional and therapeutic importance of purinergic signaling in polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1135-F1139. [PMID: 27654892 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00406.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney diseases (PKD) are a group of inherited nephropathies marked with the formation of fluid-filled cysts along the nephron. This renal disorder affects millions of people worldwide, but current treatment strategies are unfortunately limited to supportive therapy, dietary restrictions, and, eventually, renal transplantation. Recent advances in PKD management are aimed at targeting exaggerated cell proliferation and dedifferentiation to interfere with cyst growth. However, not nearly enough is known about the ion transport properties of the cystic cells, or specific signaling pathways modulating channels and transporters in this condition. There is growing evidence that abnormally elevated concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in PKD may contribute to cyst enlargement; change in the profile of purinergic receptors may also result in promotion of cystogenesis. The current mini-review is focused on the role of ATP and associated signaling affecting ion transport properties of the renal cystic epithelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wong MKS, Pipil S, Kato A, Takei Y. Duplicated CFTR isoforms in eels diverged in regulatory structures and osmoregulatory functions. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 199:130-141. [PMID: 27322796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) isoforms, CFTRa and CFTRb, were cloned in Japanese eel and their structures and functions were studied in different osmoregulatory tissues in freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) eels. Molecular phylogenetic results suggested that the CFTR duplication in eels occurred independently of the duplication event in salmonid. CFTRa was expressed in the intestine and kidney and downregulated in both tissues in SW eels, while CFTRb was specifically expressed in the gill and greatly upregulated in SW eels. Structurally, the CFTR isoforms are similar in most functional domains except the regulatory R domain, where the R domain of CFTRa is similar to that of human CFTR but the R domain of CFTRb is unique in having high intrinsic negative charges and fewer phosphorylation sites, suggesting divergence of isoforms in terms of gating properties and hormonal regulation. Immunohistochemical results showed that CFTR was localized on the apical regions of SW ionocytes, suggesting a Cl(-) secretory role as in other teleosts. In intestine and kidney, however, immunoreactive CFTR was mostly found in the cytosolic vesicles in FW eels, indicating that Cl(-) channel activity could be low at basal conditions, but could be rapidly increased by membrane insertion of the stored channels. Guanylin (GN), a known hormone that increases CFTR activity in mammalian intestine, failed to redistribute CFTR and to affect its expression in eel intestine. The results suggested that GN-independent CFTR regulation is present in eel intestine and kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Supriya Pipil
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takei
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Venugopal J, Blanco G. Ouabain Enhances ADPKD Cell Apoptosis via the Intrinsic Pathway. Front Physiol 2016; 7:107. [PMID: 27047392 PMCID: PMC4805603 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is highly influenced by factors circulating in blood. We have shown that the hormone ouabain enhances several characteristics of the ADPKD cystic phenotype, including the rate of cell proliferation, fluid secretion and the capacity of the cells to form cysts. In this work, we found that physiological levels of ouabain (3 nM) also promote programmed cell death of renal epithelial cells obtained from kidney cysts of patients with ADPKD (ADPKD cells). This was determined by Alexa Fluor 488 labeled-Annexin-V staining and TUNEL assay, both biochemical markers of apoptosis. Ouabain-induced apoptosis also takes place when ADPKD cell growth is blocked; suggesting that the effect is not secondary to the stimulatory actions of ouabain on cell proliferation. Ouabain alters the expression of BCL family of proteins, reducing BCL-2 and increasing BAX expression levels, anti- and pro-apoptotic mediators respectively. In addition, ouabain caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Moreover, ouabain activates caspase-3, a key “executioner” caspase in the cell apoptotic pathway, but did not affect caspase-8. This suggests that ouabain triggers ADPKD cell apoptosis by stimulating the intrinsic, but not the extrinsic pathway of programmed cell death. The apoptotic effects of ouabain are specific for ADPKD cells and do not occur in normal human kidney cells (NHK cells). Taken together with our previous observations, these results show that ouabain causes an imbalance in cell growth/death, to favor growth of the cystic cells. This event, characteristic of ADPKD, further suggests the importance of ouabain as a circulating factor that promotes ADPKD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Venugopal
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and The Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Gustavo Blanco
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and The Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|