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Shatto B, Meyer G. The Challenge of Surveying New Graduate Nurses. J Contin Educ Nurs 2024; 55:145-148. [PMID: 38063796 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20231130-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Random samples are the gold standard when surveying a nationwide population, such as new graduate nurses. The goal of this article is to detail the challenges experienced when sampling and surveying newly licensed RNs who entered the health care environment during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. To create a random sample of this population, all 51 U.S. state boards of nursing were contacted. State boards of nursing are the best resource for this information, but obtaining contact information, soliciting a response, and dealing with privacy laws as well as the cost of the lists reduced the survey frame. Of the 51 state boards, eight provided usable lists of participants. Obtaining a sampling frame was challenging. Once created, other issues arose. Finding ways to obtain random sampling lists of RNs and encouraging nurses to participate in research are key elements of addressing issues in health care today. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2024;55(3):145-148.].
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Walker LO, Murry N, Longoria KD. Improving Data Integrity and Quality From Online Health Surveys of Women With Infant Children. Nurs Res 2023; 72:386-391. [PMID: 37625181 PMCID: PMC10534022 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online surveys have proven to be an efficient method to gather health information in studies of various populations, but these are accompanied by threats to data integrity and quality. We draw on our experience with a nefarious intrusion into an online survey and our efforts to protect data integrity and quality in a subsequent online survey. OBJECTIVES We aim to share lessons learned regarding detecting and preventing threats to online survey data integrity and quality. METHODS We examined data from two online surveys we conducted, as well as findings of others reported in the literature, to delineate threats to and prevention strategies for online health surveys. RESULTS Our first survey was launched inadvertently without available security features engaged in Qualtrics, resulting in a number of threats to data integrity and quality. These threats included multiple submissions, often within seconds of each other, from the same internet protocol (IP) address; use of proxy servers or virtual private networks, often with suspicious or abusive IP address ratings and geolocations outside the United States; and incoherent text data or otherwise suspicious responses. After excluding fraudulent, suspicious, or ineligible cases, as well as cases that terminated before submitting data, 102 of 224 (45.5%) eligible survey respondents remained with partial or complete data. In a second online survey with security features in Qualtrics engaged, no IP addresses were associated with any duplicate submissions. To further protect data integrity and quality, we added items to detect inattentive or fraudulent respondents and applied a risk scoring system in which 23 survey respondents were high risk, 16 were moderate risk, and 289 of 464 (62.3%) were low or no risk and therefore considered eligible respondents. DISCUSSION Technological safeguards, such as blocking repeat IP addresses and study design features to detect inattentive or fraudulent respondents, are strategies to support data integrity and quality in online survey research. For online data collection to make meaningful contributions to nursing research, it is important for nursing scientists to implement technological, study design, and methodological safeguards to protect data integrity and quality and for future research to focus on advancing data protection methodologies.
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Darko EM, Kleib M, Olson J. Social Media Use for Research Participant Recruitment: Integrative Literature Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e38015. [PMID: 35925655 PMCID: PMC9389385 DOI: 10.2196/38015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media tools have provided health researchers with the opportunity to engage with communities and groups in a nonconventional manner to recruit participants for health research. Using social media to advertise research opportunities and recruit participants facilitates accessibility to participants from broad geographical areas and diverse populations. However, little guidance is provided by ethics review boards for researchers to effectively use this recruitment method in their research. OBJECTIVE This study sought to explore the literature on the use of social media for participant recruitment for research studies and identify the best practices for recruiting participants using this method. METHODS An integrative review approach was used to synthesize the literature. A total of 5 health sciences databases, namely, EMBASE (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid and EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus (Elsevier), and CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCOhost), were searched using predefined keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The initial search was conducted in October 2020 and was updated in February 2022. Descriptive and content analyses were applied to synthesize the results, and the findings are presented in a narrative and tabular format. RESULTS A total of 96 records were included in this review, 83 (86%) from the initial search and 13 (14%) from the updated search. The publication year ranged between 2011 and 2022, with most publications (63/96, 66%) being from the United States. Regarding recruitment strategy, 45% (43/96) of the studies exclusively used social media, whereas 51% (49/96) used social media in conjunction with other strategies. The remaining 4% (4/96) provided guidelines and recommendations for social media recruitment. Notably, 38% (36/96) of these studies involved hard-to-reach populations. The findings also revealed that the use of social media is a cost-effective and efficient strategy for recruiting research participants. Despite the expanded use across different populations, there is limited participation of older adults in social media recruitment. CONCLUSIONS This review provides important insights into the current use of social media for health research participant recruitment. Ethics boards and research support services in academic institutions are encouraged to explicitly provide researchers with guidelines on the use of social media for health research participant recruitment. A preliminary guideline prepared based on the findings of this review is proposed to spark further development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mirekuwaa Darko
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Manal Kleib
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Joanne Olson
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Reasons for and associated characteristics with early study termination and: Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov data on pregnancy topics. Nurs Outlook 2022; 70:271-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hamidi N, Karmur B, Sperrazza S, Alexieva J, Salmi L, Zacharia BE, Nduom EK, Cohen-Gadol AA, Rutka JT, Mansouri A. Guidelines for optimal utilization of social media for brain tumor stakeholders. J Neurosurg 2021; 136:335-342. [PMID: 34298513 DOI: 10.3171/2020.11.jns203226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Effective use of social media (SM) by medical professionals is vital for better connections with patients and dissemination of evidence-based information. A study of SM utilization by different stakeholders in the brain tumor community may help determine guidelines for optimal use. METHODS Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube were searched by using the term "Brain Tumor." Platform-specific metrics were determined, including audience size, as a measure of popularity, and mean annual increase in audience size, as a measure of performance on SM. Accounts were categorized on the basis of apparent ownership and content, with as many as two qualitative themes assigned to each account. Correlations of content themes and posting behavior with popularity and performance metrics were assessed by using the Pearson's test. RESULTS Facebook (67 pages and 304,581 likes) was predominantly used by organizations (64% of pages). Top themes on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube were charity and fundraising (67% of pages), education and research (72% of accounts), and experience sharing and support seeking (48% of videos, 60% of views, and 82% of user engagement), respectively. On Facebook, only the presence of other concurrent platforms influenced a page's performance (rho = 0.59) and popularity (rho = 0.61) (p < 0.05). On Twitter, the number of monthly tweets (rho = 0.66) and media utilization (rho = 0.78) were significantly correlated with increased popularity and performance (both p < 0.05). Personal YouTube videos (30% of videos and 61% of views) with the theme of experience sharing and support seeking had the highest level of engagement (60% of views, 70% of comments, and 87% of likes). CONCLUSIONS Popularity and prevalence of qualitative themes differ among SM platforms. Thus, optimal audience engagement on each platform can be achieved with thematic considerations. Such considerations, along with optimal SM behavior such as media utilization and multiplatform presence, may help increase content popularity and thus increase community access to neurooncology content provided by medical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Hamidi
- 1Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Brij Karmur
- 2Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Julia Alexieva
- 1Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Liz Salmi
- 6Department of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brad E Zacharia
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, Hershey; and.,8Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - James T Rutka
- 5Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, Hershey; and.,8Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Vorderstrasse A, Reagan L, D'Eramo Melkus G, Nowlin SY, Birdsall SB, Burd A, Cho YH, Jang M, Johnson C. Recruitment and enrollment of participants in an online diabetes self-management intervention in a virtual environment. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 105:106399. [PMID: 33857681 PMCID: PMC8172527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effective recruitment of research participants is essential for successful randomized controlled trials and remains one of the most challenging and labor-intensive aspects of conducting research. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe recruitment methods for this two-group, internet-based intervention trial and enrollment status in relation to recruitment methods, accounting for accrual rates and recruitment costs and to discuss our recruitment results and limitations informed by the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) team's evidence and expert-based recommendations for recruitment. The primary study was a two-group randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a virtual environment, Diabetes LIVE©, compared to a traditional website format to provide diabetes self-management education and support to adults with type 2 diabetes. Our recruitment experience was labor-intensive, multimodal, and required multiple iterations throughout the study to meet recruitment goals. To allow for more efficient and realistic budgets aligned with funding, researchers should engage stakeholders in recruitment planning and monitor and report personnel time and cost by recruitment methods. To allow for more efficient and effective recruitment into meaningful clinical trials and of interest to participants, researchers should use a participative approach during all study phases, including question development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Vorderstrasse
- Duke University School of Nursing, DUMC 3322, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710I, USA; College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 651 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003-9299, USA
| | - Louise Reagan
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA; University of Connecticut School of Nursing, 231 Glenbrook Rd., Unit 4026, Storrs, CT 06269-3237, USA.
| | - Gail D'Eramo Melkus
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Sarah Y Nowlin
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Stacia B Birdsall
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Andrew Burd
- Duke University School of Nursing, DUMC 3322, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710I, USA
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Myoungock Jang
- Duke University School of Nursing, DUMC 3322, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710I, USA; College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Constance Johnson
- Duke University School of Nursing, DUMC 3322, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710I, USA; Jane and Robert Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6901 Bertner Ave. SON-539D, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Shieh C, Khan I, Umoren R. Engagement design in studies on pregnancy and infant health using social media: Systematic review. Prev Med Rep 2020; 19:101113. [PMID: 32435580 PMCID: PMC7232087 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media utilization is prevalent among reproductive-age women. The literature on how researchers engage women in studies using social media platforms is scarce. This systematic review analyzed participant engagement design in studies using social media and focused on pregnancy and infant health. METHODS A literature search of EBSCO and PubMed databases was conducted. Included studies had to be completed with quantitative data, focus on pregnancy, postpartum or infant health, and use social media in the research process. A matrix of three engagement designs (passive, interactive, independent) and three research processes (recruitment, data analysis, intervention) was used for analysis. FINDINGS Thirty-one articles that reported 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, four were randomized controlled trials (RCT), four were non-RCT interventions, and 22 were observational/descriptive studies. The main purpose of using social media was for recruitment (n = 16), data analysis (n = 6), intervention (n = 8), or both recruitment and intervention (n = 1). Passive engagement was a fundamental design approach in all studies to access a data source that was either the participant or the data provided by the participants in social media. Interactive engagement, mostly for recruitment and intervention, was to engage participants in completing study enrollment or in interacting with the study team or fellow participants. Independent engagement involved off-line activities and appeared sporadically in intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS Passive and interactive engagement designs are more frequently used than independent engagement design. Researchers should select suitable designs when studying pregnancy and infant health using social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Shieh
- Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Israt Khan
- Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Rachel Umoren
- University of Washington, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
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