1
|
Physical Literacy in Elementary Physical Education: A Survey of Fundamental Movement Skill Practice Patterns. Pediatr Phys Ther 2022; 34:56-61. [PMID: 34873120 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe fundamental movement skill (FMS) practice patterns in the elementary physical education (PE) curriculum. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was sent to PE teachers of grades 1 through 6. Sixty-eight responses were included for analysis. RESULTS Only 38.2% of teachers taught all 12 FMS components. Compared with PE teachers for grades 4 to 6, a significantly higher proportion of PE teachers for grades 1 to 3 taught all 12 FMS and used direct instruction methods. For children falling behind, only 8.8% reported referring to an exercise program and no PE teacher sought a health care referral. A video abstract can be found in Supplemental Digital Content 1 (available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A342).
Collapse
|
2
|
Martino S, Agbelie CM, Mei W, Morelli PJ. Inclusion team science improves participation of children with disabilities in pediatric obesity programs. Disabil Health J 2021; 15:101186. [PMID: 34429275 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with disabilities have higher prevalence rates of obesity compared to children without disabilities. Evidence supports the importance of early interventions in preventing pediatric obesity from progressing to adulthood obesity but there are limited opportunities for children with disabilities to participate in these early life programs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine multiple frameworks of disability inclusion that progressively reshaped an existing pediatric obesity intervention program toward improving participation for children with disabilities. METHODS A qualitative narrative analysis approach involving semi-structured interviews, focus groups and participant observations was used to describe the experiences of eight obese children with disabilities, twelve obese children without disabilities, ten parents and ten volunteer healthcare student trainers who participated in an obesity intervention program, Fit Kids for Life (FKFL). RESULTS FKFL participants' positive worldviews of disability inclusion, active involvement of parents and family members, diverse team of health professionals and volunteers, and improved health outcomes facilitated children with disabilities' participation in the program. Disability and obesity stigma and lack of local inclusive sites hindered access and participation for children with disabilities. CONCLUSIONS Results support using inclusion team science to improve participation and outcomes of a pediatric obesity intervention program for children with disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Martino
- School of Health Technology and Management, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | | | - Winifred Mei
- School of Health Technology and Management, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Peter J Morelli
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
DiFrancisco-Donoghue J, Balentine J, Schmidt G, Zwibel H. Managing the health of the eSport athlete: an integrated health management model. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 5:e000467. [PMID: 30792883 PMCID: PMC6350739 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives eSport is a form of electronic gaming, also known as professional or competitive video gaming, and is growing at a rapid pace worldwide. Over 50 US colleges have established varsity gaming teams over the past three years; some colleges offer eSport scholarships as they do for traditional sports. There is little objective research on the health habits of these players who are often placed under the direction of the athletics department on college campuses, and there is currently no health management model on how to treat these new athletes. Methods Anonymous electronic surveys were sent to 65 collegiate eSport players from nine universities across the USA and Canada inquiring about gaming and lifestyle habits, and musculoskeletal complaints due to eSport competition. Results Players practiced between 3 and 10 hours per day. The most frequently reported complaint was eye fatigue (56%), followed by neck and back pain (42%). eSport athletes reported wrist pain (36%) and hand pain (32%). Forty per cent of participants do not participate in any form of physical exercise. Among the players surveyed, only 2% had sought medical attention. Conclusion eSport players, just like athletes in traditional sports, are susceptible to overuse injuries. The most common complaint was eye fatigue, followed by neck and back pain. This study shows eSport athletes are also prone to wrist and hand pain. This paper proposes a health management model that offers a comprehensive medical team approach to prevent and treat eSport athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne DiFrancisco-Donoghue
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine (NYIT-COM), New York City, New York, USA.,Center for Sports Medicine NYIT-COM, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jerry Balentine
- Office of the Vice President NYIT-COM, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Gordon Schmidt
- Office of the Dean NYIT-School of Health Professions, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Hallie Zwibel
- Center for Sports Medicine NYIT-COM, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, NYIT-COM, New York City, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zwolski C, Quatman-Yates C, Paterno MV. Resistance Training in Youth: Laying the Foundation for Injury Prevention and Physical Literacy. Sports Health 2017; 9:436-443. [PMID: 28447880 PMCID: PMC5582694 DOI: 10.1177/1941738117704153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The rising incidence of physical activity- and sports-related injuries has prompted the present-day investigation of resistance training as a potential means of injury prevention and physical literacy development among youth. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Relevant studies on the topics of athlete development, physical literacy, resistance training, and injury prevention in children and adolescents were reviewed (PubMed and Sports Discus, 1982-2016). Recommendations from consensus guidelines and position statements applicable to resistance training and injury prevention in youth, in addition to young athlete development, were reviewed. Additionally, hand searches, expert requests, article reference lists, and gray literature were utilized and reviewed for pertinent content. STUDY DESIGN Clinical review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. RESULTS Youth throughout the physical activity spectrum are at risk for physical activity- and sports-related injury. Of highest priority are early specializers, physically inactive youth, and young girls, owing to increased injury rates. Resistance training among these at-risk populations has been shown to reduce injury risk by up to 68% and improve sports performance and health measures, in addition to accelerating the development of physical literacy. Recent recommendations, position statements, and national initiatives advocate for the incorporation of resistance training with qualified instruction among these groups. CONCLUSION Resistance training in addition to free play and other structured physical activity training can serve as a protective means against injury and a positive catalyst for the development of physical literacy to offset the impact of diminishing physical activity and early sport specialization in today's youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Zwolski
- Division of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Catherine Quatman-Yates
- Division of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mark V. Paterno
- Division of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kane KJ, Staples KL. A Group Motor Skills Program for Children with Coordination Difficulties: Effect on Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Activity Participation. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2016; 36:28-45. [PMID: 25397665 DOI: 10.3109/01942638.2014.978934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Children with coordination difficulties are at risk of low levels of physical activity (PA) participation. This intervention examined the effects of a multidisciplinary program that emphasized parent participation on motor skill performance and PA. METHODS Ten boys (5-7 years) completed a group program consisting of conditioning exercises and activities designed to address child-selected goals. Motor proficiency and PA participation were assessed before and after the program using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) and triaxial accelerometers, respectively. Rating scales captured child and parent perceptions of performance for each child's goals. RESULTS TGMD-2 subtest raw scores, age equivalent and percentile scores improved, along with parent ratings of their child's performance. Six children reported skill improvements. On average, moderate to vigorous PA improved by 10 min per day although these gains were not significant. Time spent in sedentary activities was unchanged. None of the children met the Canadian PA and sedentary behaviour guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The results support effectiveness of a group program to improve gross motor performance and levels of PA in children with coordination difficulties. Gains in both of these domains also have the potential to impact quality of life and reduce health risks associated with inactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyra J Kane
- a Children's Program, Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region , Regina , Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Kerri L Staples
- b Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies , University of Regina , Regina , Saskatchewan , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Faigenbaum AD, Howard R, De Ste Croix MBA, Williams CA, Best TM, Alvar BA, Micheli LJ, Thomas DP, Hatfield DL, Cronin JB, Myer GD. Long-term athletic development, part 2: barriers to success and potential solutions. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:1451-64. [PMID: 25909962 DOI: 10.1519/01.jsc.0000465424.75389.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The first installment of this two-part commentary reviewed existing models of long-term athletic development. However, irrespective of the model that is adopted by practitioners, existing structures within competitive youth sports in addition to the prevalence of physical inactivity in a growing number of modern-day youth may serve as potential barriers to the success of any developmental pathway. The second part of this commentary will initially highlight common issues that are likely to impede the success of long-term athletic development programs and then propose solutions that will address the negative impact of such issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhodri S Lloyd
- 1Youth Physical Development Unit, School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; 2Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey; 3Department of Kinesiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 4School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom; 5Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; 6Department of Family Medicine, Division of Sports Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; 7Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, Utah; 8Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; 9Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 10The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, Massachusetts; 11Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom; 12Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island; 13Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand; 14School of Exercise, Health and Biomedical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; 15Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; 16Department of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and 17Sports Health and Performance Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Faigenbaum AD, Best TM, MacDonald J, Myer GD, Stracciolini A. Top 10 research questions related to exercise deficit disorder (EDD) in youth. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2014; 85:297-307. [PMID: 25141083 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2014.931179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Exercise deficit disorder (EDD) is a pediatric medical condition characterized by reduced levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) that are below current recommendations and inconsistent with positive health outcomes. At present, a majority of children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EDD because they are not accumulating minimum thresholds of daily MVPA. The purpose of this article is to highlight 10 important research questions related to EDD in youth. The critical research needs to better define the clinical spectrum of EDD to include an assessment of physical activity behaviors to determine the age or stage of maturation at which EDD first emerges; an examination of the kinesiogenesis of movement skills and physical abilities; and an evaluation of lifestyle factors that can influence the MVPA trajectory in youth. Research questions about interventions and policies to treat EDD include evaluating the education and training of health care providers on the importance of exercise medicine; determining the effectiveness of strategies to identify and treat youth with EDD in clinical practice; developing sensitive, specific, and cost-effective methods to diagnose youth with EDD; and assessing methods to promote health care reimbursement for the treatment of this condition. Without future research to optimize identification, treatment, and management strategies for youth with EDD, new health care concerns with significant biomedical, psychosocial, economic, and political ramifications will continue to emerge.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study we examined the relationship between physical fitness and motor competence in adolescents aged 15 to 16 years. METHODS A sample of 94 adolescents participated in the study. To test motor competence, the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 was used. Physical fitness was assessed using the following test items: standing broad jump, 20-m dash, reduced Cooper test, and sit-and-reach test. RESULTS The results revealed a significant but weak relationship (0.248) between motor competence and physical fitness for the whole sample. More specifically, the correlation between the 2 variables was significant for girls (0.353) but not for boys (0.248). CONCLUSIONS The relatively weak relationship between motor competence and physical fitness suggests that motor competence might not be critical in adolescents to maintain their physical fitness.
Collapse
|
9
|
|