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Casadei B, Conti G, Barone M, Turroni S, Guadagnuolo S, Broccoli A, Brigidi P, Argnani L, Zinzani PL. Role of gut microbiome in the outcome of lymphoma patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors-The MicroLinf Study. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3301. [PMID: 39104142 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response and resistance include PD-L1 expression and other environmental factors, among which the gut microbiome (GM) is gaining increasing interest especially in lymphomas. To explore the potential role of GM in this clinical issue, feces of 30 relapsed/refractory lymphoma (Hodgkin and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma) patients undergoing ICIs were collected from start to end of treatment (EoT). GM was profiled through Illumina, that is, 16S rRNA sequencing, and subsequently processed through a bioinformatics pipeline. The overall response rate to ICIs was 30.5%, with no association between patients clinical characteristics and response/survival outcomes. Regarding GM, responder patients showed a peculiar significant enrichment of Lachnospira, while non-responder ones showed higher presence of Enterobacteriaceae (at baseline and maintained till EoT). Recognizing patient-related factors that may influence response to ICIs is becoming critical to optimize the treatment pathway of heavily pretreated, young patients with a potentially long-life expectancy. These preliminary results indicate potential early GM signatures of ICIs response in lymphoma, which could pave the way for future research to improve patients prognosis with new adjuvant strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Casadei
- Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Conti
- Human Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Human Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serafina Guadagnuolo
- Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Broccoli
- Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Human Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lisa Argnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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2
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Jiang P, Yu F, Zhou X, Shi H, He Q, Song X. Dissecting causal links between gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, and DLBCL: a Mendelian randomization study. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2268-2278. [PMID: 38507680 PMCID: PMC11117010 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Causal relationships between gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remain elusive. In addressing this gap, our Mendelian randomization (MR) study used data from the MiBioGen consortium encompassing 211 microbiota taxa (n = 18 340), genome-wide association study meta-analyses of 47 inflammatory cytokines, and DLBCL cases and controls from the FinnGen consortium (cases, n = 1010; controls, n = 287 137). Through bidirectional MR analyses, we examined the causal links between gut microbiota and DLBCL and used mediation analyses, including 2-step MR and multivariable MR (MVMR), to identify potential mediating inflammatory cytokines. Our findings revealed that 4 microbiota taxa were causally associated with DLBCL, and conversely, DLBCL influenced the abundance of 20 taxa. Specifically, in the 2-step MR analysis, both the genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 (odds ratio [OR], 1.427; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.011-2.015; P = .043) and the inflammatory cytokine monokine induced by gamma (MIG) (OR, 1.244; 95% CI, 1.034-1.487; P = .020) were found to be causally associated with an increased risk of DLBCL. Additionally, a positive association was observed between genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 and MIG (OR, 1.275; 95% CI, 1.069-1.520; P = .007). Furthermore, MVMR analysis indicated that the association between genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 and DLBCL was mediated by MIG, contributing to 14.9% of the effect (P = .005). In conclusion, our MR study provides evidence that supports the causal relationship between genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 and DLBCL, with a potential mediating role played by the inflammatory cytokine MIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhong Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaomei He
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianmin Song
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Schreeg ME, Cullen JM, Robertson J, Gookin JL. Histologic characterization of the major duodenal papilla and association with concurrent biliary, pancreatic, and intestinal pathology in cats. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:207-220. [PMID: 37560792 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231189450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Conjoining of the major pancreatic duct and common bile duct at the major duodenal papilla (MDP) is suspected to predispose cats to the clinical syndrome of "triaditis." However, microanatomy of the MDP or presence of lesions at the MDP has not been assessed in cats with or without triaditis. The aims of this study were to characterize feline MDP histomorphology and to identify associations between MDP anatomy/disease and the presence of biliary, pancreatic, or intestinal inflammation or neoplasia. Histologic assessment was prospectively performed on the MDP, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, liver, and pancreas from 124 client-owned cats undergoing postmortem examination. The majority of cats (104/124, 84%) had a complex ductular network at the MDP, with no distinction between pancreatic and common bile ducts. Lymphoid aggregates at the MDP were common (63/124, 51%). Inflammation of the MDP (MDPitis) was present in 35 of 124 cats (28%) and was often concurrent with cholangitis, pancreatitis, or enteritis (32/35, 91%), but was only associated with enteritis (19/35, 54%, P < .05). Triaditis was less common (19/124, 15%), but was associated with both conjoined MDP anatomy (19/19, 100%, P < .05) and MDPitis (12/19, 63%, P < .05). Neoplasia was present in 37 of 124 cats (29%), with lymphoma (28/37, 78%) predominating. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma type 2 (EATL2) was most common (n = 16/37, 43%) and was associated with triaditis and MDPitis (P < .05). These findings suggest that anatomy, immune activation, and/or inflammation of the MDP may play a role in the pathogenesis of triaditis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationships between triaditis, MDPitis, and EATL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Schreeg
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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4
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Liu X, Zhang H, Shi G, Zheng X, Chang J, Lin Q, Tian Z, Yang H. The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338178. [PMID: 38415259 PMCID: PMC10896826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of the gut microbiota on hematopoiesis and its effect on HSCs fate and differentiation by modifying the bone marrow microenvironment, including mechanical properties, inflammatory signals, bone marrow stromal cells, and metabolites. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guolin Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Hussein N, Rajasuriar R, Khan AM, Lim YAL, Gan GG. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Hematological Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:7-20. [PMID: 37906201 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Humans are in a complex symbiotic relationship with a wide range of microbial organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The evolution and composition of the human microbiome can be an indicator of how it may affect human health and susceptibility to diseases. Microbiome alteration, termed as dysbiosis, has been linked to the pathogenesis and progression of hematological cancers. A variety of mechanisms, including epithelial barrier disruption, local chronic inflammation response trigger, antigen dis-sequestration, and molecular mimicry, have been proposed to be associated with gut microbiota. Dysbiosis may be induced or worsened by cancer therapies (such as chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) or infection. The use of antibiotics during treatment may also promote dysbiosis, with possible long-term consequences. The aim of this review is to provide a succinct summary of the current knowledge describing the role of the microbiome in hematological cancers, as well as its influence on their therapies. Modulation of the gut microbiome, involving modifying the composition of the beneficial microorganisms in the management and treatment of hematological cancers is also discussed. Additionally discussed are the latest developments in modeling approaches and tools used for computational analyses, interpretation and better understanding of the gut microbiome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najihah Hussein
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Reena Rajasuriar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Asif M Khan
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye
- College of Computing and Information Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yvonne Ai-Lian Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gin Gin Gan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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6
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Pinto C, Aluai-Cunha C, Santos A. The human and animals' malignant melanoma: comparative tumor models and the role of microbiome in dogs and humans. Melanoma Res 2023; 33:87-103. [PMID: 36662668 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the most progressively occurring incident cancer is melanoma. The mouse is the most popular model in human melanoma research given its various benefits as a laboratory animal. Nevertheless, unlike humans, mice do not develop melanoma spontaneously, so they need to be genetically manipulated. In opposition, there are several reports of other animals, ranging from wild to domesticated animals, that spontaneously develop melanoma and that have cancer pathways that are similar to those of humans. The influence of the gut microbiome on health and disease is being the aim of many recent studies. It has been proven that the microbiome is a determinant of the host's immune status and disease prevention. In human medicine, there is increasing evidence that changes in the microbiome influences malignant melanoma progression and response to therapy. There are several similarities between some animals and human melanoma, especially between canine and human oral malignant melanoma as well as between the gut microbiome of both species. However, microbiome studies are scarce in veterinary medicine, especially in the oncology field. Future studies need to address the relevance of gut and tissue microbiome for canine malignant melanoma development, which results will certainly benefit both species in the context of translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar of the University of Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Catarina Aluai-Cunha
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar of the University of Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Andreia Santos
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar of the University of Porto (ICBAS-UP)
- Animal Science and Study Centre (CECA), Food and Agragrian Sciences and Technologies Institute (ICETA), Apartado, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Upadhyay Banskota S, Skupa SA, El-Gamal D, D’Angelo CR. Defining the Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Lymphoid Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2309. [PMID: 36768631 PMCID: PMC9916782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is increasingly being recognized as an important immunologic environment, with direct links to the host immune system. The scale of the gut microbiome's genomic repertoire extends the capacity of its host's genome by providing additional metabolic output, and the close communication between gut microbiota and mucosal immune cells provides a continued opportunity for immune education. The relationship between the gut microbiome and the host immune system has important implications for oncologic disease, including lymphoma, a malignancy derived from within the immune system itself. In this review, we explore past and recent discoveries describing the role that bacterial populations play in lymphomagenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. We highlight key relationships within the gut microbiome-immune-oncology axis that present exciting opportunities for directed interventions intended to shape the microbiome for therapeutic effect. We conclude with a limited summary of active clinical trials targeting the microbiome in hematologic malignancies, along with future directions on gut microbiome investigations within lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi Upadhyay Banskota
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sydney A. Skupa
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dalia El-Gamal
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Christopher R. D’Angelo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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8
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Chifiriuc MC, Filip R, Constantin M, Pircalabioru GG, Bleotu C, Burlibasa L, Ionica E, Corcionivoschi N, Mihaescu G. Common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:960693. [PMID: 36003940 PMCID: PMC9393787 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.960693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance represent two of the main global challenges for the public health, requiring immediate practical solutions. In line with this, we need a better understanding of the origins of drug resistance in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the evolutionary processes leading to the occurrence of adaptive phenotypes in response to the selective pressure of therapeutic agents. The purpose of this paper is to present some of the analogies between the antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance. Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs share common targets and mechanisms of action as well as similar mechanisms of resistance (e.g., increased drug efflux, drug inactivation, target alteration, persister cells’ selection, protection of bacterial communities/malignant tissue by an extracellular matrix, etc.). Both individual and collective stress responses triggered by the chemotherapeutic agent involving complex intercellular communication processes, as well as with the surrounding microenvironment, will be considered. The common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance recommend the utility of bacterial experimental models for unraveling the mechanisms that facilitate the evolution and adaptation of malignant cells to antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Suceava Emergency County Hospital, Suceava, Romania
| | | | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru,
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- Coralia Bleotu, ;
| | | | - Elena Ionica
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, Timisoara, Romania
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9
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Ciftciler R, Ciftciler AE. The importance of microbiota in hematology. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 61:103320. [PMID: 34801432 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Whilst particular infectious bacteria are well-established to be associated with hematological diseases, more recent interest has focused on the entire microbial community of mucosal surfaces. In particular, the link between hematology and the microbiota (defined as the total assemblage of microorganisms in a mucosal environment)/ microbiome (i.e. the entire ecological habitat, including organisms, their genomes and environmental conditions) is becoming more well-known. Dysbiosis, or a change in the microbiome, has been linked to the development of neoplasms, infections, inflammatory illnesses, and immune-mediated disorders, according to growing data. Microbiota may influence distant tumor microenvironment through a variety of methods, including cytokine release control, dendritic cell activation, and T-cell lymphocyte stimulation. There are numerous major implications to study the microbiome in patients with benign and malignant hematologic disorders. In this review, we investigated the structure and function of the microbiome in patients with benign and malignant hematological diseases. Chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents used in treatment of these benign and malignant hematological diseases may cause or exacerbate dysbiosis and infectious problems. After understanding the importance of microbiota in hematological diseases, we think that use of probiotics and dietary prebiotic substances targeting microbiota modification aiming to improve hematological disease outcomes should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiye Ciftciler
- Aksaray University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology, Aksaray, Turkey.
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10
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Biernat MM, Wróbel T. Bacterial Infection and Non-Hodgkin B-Cell Lymphoma: Interactions between Pathogen, Host and the Tumor Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147372. [PMID: 34298992 PMCID: PMC8305669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid neoplasms with complex etiopathology, rich symptomatology, and a variety of clinical courses, therefore requiring different therapeutic approaches. The hypothesis that an infectious agent may initiate chronic inflammation and facilitate B lymphocyte transformation and lymphogenesis has been raised in recent years. Viruses, like EBV, HTLV-1, HIV, HCV and parasites, like Plasmodium falciparum, have been linked to the development of lymphomas. The association of chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, Borrelia burgdorferi with cutaneous MALT lymphoma and Chlamydophila psittaci with ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma is well documented. Recent studies have indicated that other infectious agents may also be relevant in B-cell lymphogenesis such as Coxiella burnettii, Campylobacter jejuni, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Escherichia coli. The aim of the present review is to provide a summary of the current literature on infectious bacterial agents associated with B-cell NHL and to discuss its role in lymphogenesis, taking into account the interaction between infectious agents, host factors, and the tumor environment.
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Infections/complications
- Bacterial Infections/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/complications
- Burkitt Lymphoma/microbiology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/immunology
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Helicobacter Infections/complications
- Helicobacter Infections/microbiology
- Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/complications
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/microbiology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/microbiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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11
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Shi Z, Zhang M. Emerging Roles for the Gut Microbiome in Lymphoid Neoplasms. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2021; 15:11795549211024197. [PMID: 34211309 PMCID: PMC8216388 DOI: 10.1177/11795549211024197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoid neoplasms encompass a heterogeneous group of malignancies with a predilection for immunocompromised individuals, and the disease burden of lymphoid neoplasms has been rising globally over the last decade. At the same time, mounting studies delineated a crucial role of the gut microbiome in the aetiopathogenesis of various diseases. Orchestrated interactions between myriad microorganisms and the gastrointestinal mucosa establish a defensive barrier for a range of physiological processes, especially immunity and metabolism. These findings provide new perspectives to harness our knowledge of the gut microbiota for preclinical and clinical studies of lymphoma. Here, we review recent findings that support a role for the gut microbiota in the development of lymphoid neoplasms and pinpoint relevant molecular mechanisms. Accordingly, we propose the microbiota-gut-lymphoma axis as a promising target for clinical translation, including auxiliary diagnosis, novel prevention and treatment strategies, and predicting clinical outcomes and treatment-related adverse effects of the disease in the future. This review will reveal a fascinating avenue of research in the microbiota-mediated lymphoma field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Santos JVDO, Porto ALF, Cavalcanti IMF. Potential Application of Combined Therapy with Lectins as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050520. [PMID: 34063213 PMCID: PMC8147472 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic monotherapy may become obsolete mainly due to the continuous emergence of resistance to available antimicrobials, which represents a major uncertainty to human health. Taking into account that natural products have been an inexhaustible source of new compounds with clinical application, lectins are certainly one of the most versatile groups of proteins used in biological processes, emerging as a promising alternative for therapy. The ability of lectins to recognize carbohydrates present on the cell surface allowed for the discovery of a wide range of activities. Currently the number of antimicrobials in research and development does not match the rate at which resistance mechanisms emerge to an effective antibiotic monotherapy. A promising therapeutic alternative is the combined therapy of antibiotics with lectins to enhance its spectrum of action, minimize adverse effects, and reduce resistance to treatments. Thus, this review provides an update on the experimental application of antibiotic therapies based on the synergic combination with lectins to treat infections specifically caused by multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We also briefly discuss current strategies involving the modulation of the gut microbiota, its implications for antimicrobial resistance, and highlight the potential of lectins to modulate the host immune response against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil;
| | - Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology Animal, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil;
| | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil;
- Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: + 55-81-2101-2501
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13
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Pancu DF, Scurtu A, Macasoi IG, Marti D, Mioc M, Soica C, Coricovac D, Horhat D, Poenaru M, Dehelean C. Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:401. [PMID: 33917092 PMCID: PMC8067816 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are considered as a cornerstone of modern medicine and their discovery offers the resolution to the infectious diseases problem. However, the excessive use of antibiotics worldwide has generated a critical public health issue and the bacterial resistance correlated with antibiotics inefficiency is still unsolved. Finding novel therapeutic approaches to overcome bacterial resistance is imperative, and natural compounds with antibacterial effects could be considered a promising option. The role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis and their interrelation with the microbiota are still debatable and are far from being elucidated. Thus, the present manuscript offers a global perspective on antibiotics in terms of evolution from a historical perspective with an emphasis on the main classes of antibiotics and their adverse effects. It also highlights the connection between antibiotics and microbiota, focusing on the dual role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis. In addition, using the natural compounds with antibacterial properties as potential alternatives for the classical antibiotic therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Florin Pancu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Alexandra Scurtu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Gabriela Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Marti
- Faculty of Medicine, Western University Vasile Goldis Arad, 94 Revolutiei Blvd., 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Horhat
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Marioara Poenaru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Fattizzo B, Cavallaro F, Folino F, Barcellini W. Recent insights into the role of the microbiome in malignant and benign hematologic diseases. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103289. [PMID: 33667659 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests the impact of microbiome alteration, named dysbiosis, on the development of neoplasms, infections, inflammatory diseases, and immuno-mediated disorders. Regarding hematologic diseases, most data regard hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). In this review, we systematically evaluate the studies concerning microbiome in malignant and benign hematologic disorders beyond HSCT. A permissive microbiota is associated to the development of hematologic malignancies (including acute leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma), as well as of iron deficiency anemia, autoimmune cytopenias, and aplastic anemia. This happens through various mechanisms; chronic inflammatory triggering, epithelial barrier alteration, antigen dissequestration, and molecular mimicry. Hematologic therapies (chemo and immunosuppression) may induce/worsen dysbiosis and favour disease progression and infectious complications. Antibiotics may also induce dysbiosis with possible long-term consequences. Finally, novel target therapies are likely to alter microbiome, inducing gut inflammation (i.e. small molecules such as tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors) or enhancing host's immune system (as observed with CAR-T cells and checkpoint inhibitors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fattizzo
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cavallaro
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Folino
- Department of Oncology and Oncohematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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15
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Martins Lopes MS, Machado LM, Ismael Amaral Silva PA, Tome Uchiyama AA, Yen CT, Ricardo ED, Mutao TS, Pimenta JR, Shimba DS, Hanriot RM, Peixoto RD. Antibiotics, cancer risk and oncologic treatment efficacy: a practical review of the literature. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1106. [PMID: 33144874 PMCID: PMC7581329 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been extensively used to treat infectious diseases over the past century and have largely contributed to increased life expectancy over time. However, antibiotic use can impose profound and protracted changes to the diversity of the microbial ecosystem, affecting the composition of up to 30% of the bacterial species in the gut microbiome. By modifying human microbiota composition, antibiotics alter the action of several oncologic drugs, potentially leading to decreased efficacy and increased toxicities. Whether antibiotics interfere with cancer therapies or even increase the risk of cancer development has been under investigation, and no randomised trials have been conducted so far. The aim of the current review is to describe the possible effects of antibiotic therapies on different oncologic treatments, especially immunotherapies, and to explore the link between previous antibiotics use and the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cheng T Yen
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata D Peixoto
- Centro Paulista de Oncologia (Grupo Oncoclínicas), São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Xia T, Zhang B, Li Y, Fang B, Zhu X, Xu B, Zhang J, Wang M, Fang J. New insight into 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with the gut microbiota and the immune system. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112582. [PMID: 32682197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a hematopoietic malignancy associated with unfavorable factors including male gender and over nine years of age. Chemotherapy toxicity continues to present a major challenge. There is a need to develop novel natural agents to improve survival and quality of life in patients with T-ALL. 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) exhibits immune regulation and anti-tumor effects in both cellular and murine xenograft models. In the present study, the anti-cancer mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 involved in the immune system and intestinal microbiota were investigated in T-ALL mice. We revealed that 20(S)-Rh2 suppressed T-ALL by blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and enhanced immunity in the spleen by regulating immune factors. In addition, 20(S)-GRh2 altered the composition of the gut microbiota, and promoted intestinal homeostasis by elevating the levels of tight junction proteins, antimicrobial peptides and IgA. 20(S)-GRh2 ameliorated the LPS-induced inflammatory response in the intestine of T-ALL mice. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group were positively correlated with anti-tumor immune factors, intestinal barrier-related factors, and the anti-inflammatory response. Conversely, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Parabacteroides and Alistipes had the opposite correlation. Collectively, these results suggest that 20(S)-GRh2 is a safe and effective natural product, that shows promise for the prevention and treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Bin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Bicheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Jianpei Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, 510120, PR China; Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, 510120, PR China.
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17
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Kovács T, Mikó E, Ujlaki G, Sári Z, Bai P. The Microbiome as a Component of the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1225:137-153. [PMID: 32030653 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35727-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbes, which live in the human body, affect a large set of pathophysiological processes. Changes in the composition and proportion of the microbiome are associated with metabolic diseases (Fulbright et al., PLoS Pathog 13:e1006480, 2017; Maruvada et al., Cell Host Microbe 22:589-599, 2017), psychiatric disorders (Macfabe, Glob Adv Health Med 2:52-66, 2013; Kundu et al., Cell 171:1481-1493, 2017), and neoplastic diseases (Plottel and Blaser, Cell Host Microbe 10:324-335, 2011; Schwabe and Jobin, Nat Rev Cancer 13:800-812, 2013; Zitvogel et al., Cell 165:276-287, 2016). However, the number of directly tumorigenic bacteria is extremely low. Microbial dysbiosis is connected to cancers of the urinary tract (Yu, Arch Med Sci 11:385-394, 2015), cervix (Chase, Gynecol Oncol 138:190-200, 2015), skin (Yu et al., J Drugs Dermatol 14:461-465, 2015), airways (Gui et al., Genet Mol Res 14:5642-5651, 2015), colon (Garrett, Science 348:80-86, 2015), lymphomas (Yamamoto and Schiestl, Int J Environ Res Public Health 11:9038-9049, 2014; Yamamoto and Schiestl, Cancer J 20:190-194, 2014), prostate (Yu, Arch Med Sci 11:385-394, 2015), and breast (Flores et al., J Transl Med 10:253, 2012; Fuhrman et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99:4632-4640, 2014; Xuan et al., PLoS One 9:e83744, 2014; Goedert et al., J Natl Cancer Inst 107:djv147, 2015; Chan et al., Sci Rep 6:28061, 2016; Hieken et al., Sci Rep 6:30751, 2016; Urbaniak et al., Appl Environ Microbiol 82:5039-5048, 2016; Goedert et al., Br J Cancer 118:471-479, 2018). Microbial dysbiosis can influence organs in direct contact with the microbiome and organs that are located at distant sites of the body. The altered microbiota can lead to a disruption of the mucosal barrier (Plottel and Blaser, Cell Host Microbe 10:324-335, 2011), promote or inhibit tumorigenesis through the modification of immune responses (Kawai and Akira, Int Immunol 21:317-337, 2009; Dapito et al., Cancer Cell 21:504-516, 2012) and microbiome-derived metabolites, such as estrogens (Flores et al., J Transl Med 10:253, 2012; Fuhrman et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99:4632-4640, 2014), secondary bile acids (Rowland, Role of the gut flora in toxicity and cancer, Academic Press, London, p x, 517 p., 1988; Yoshimoto et al., Nature 499:97-101, 2013; Xie et al., Int J Cancer 139:1764-1775, 2016; Shellman et al., Clin Otolaryngol 42:969-973, 2017; Luu et al., Cell Oncol (Dordr) 41:13-24, 2018; Miko et al., Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 1859:958-974, 2018), short-chain fatty acids (Bindels et al., Br J Cancer 107:1337-1344, 2012), lipopolysaccharides (Dapito et al., Cancer Cell 21:504-516, 2012), and genotoxins (Fulbright et al., PLoS Pathog 13:e1006480, 2017). Thus, altered gut microbiota may change the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (McCarron et al., Br J Biomed Sci 69:14-17, 2012; Viaud et al., Science 342:971-976, 2013; Montassier et al., Aliment Pharmacol Ther 42:515-528, 2015; Buchta Rosean et al., Adv Cancer Res 143:255-294, 2019). Taken together, microbial dysbiosis has intricate connections with neoplastic diseases; hereby, we aim to highlight the major contact routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsanett Sári
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. .,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary. .,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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18
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Petrelli F, Ghidini M, Ghidini A, Perego G, Cabiddu M, Khakoo S, Oggionni E, Abeni C, Hahne JC, Tomasello G, Zaniboni A. Use of Antibiotics and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081174. [PMID: 31416208 PMCID: PMC6721461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer development is unclear, and clinical trials are lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer. PubMed, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched from inception to 24 February 2019 for studies reporting antibiotic use and subsequent risk of cancer. We included observational studies of adult subjects with previous exposure to antibiotics and available information on incident cancer diagnoses. For each of the eligible studies, data were collected by three reviewers. Risk of cancer was pooled to provide an adjusted odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was the risk of developing cancer in ever versus non-antibiotic users. Cancer risk’s association with antibiotic intake was evaluated among 7,947,270 participants (n = 25 studies). Overall, antibiotic use was an independent risk factor for cancer occurrence (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.12–1.24, p < 0.001). The risk was especially increased for lung cancer (OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.03–1.61, p = 0.02), lymphomas (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.13–1.51, p < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.04–1.57, p = 0.019), renal cell carcinoma (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.1–1.5, p = 0.001), and multiple myeloma (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.18–1.56, p < 0.001). There is moderate evidence that excessive or prolonged use of antibiotics during a person’s life is associated with slight increased risk of various cancers. The message is potentially important for public health policies because minimizing improper antibiotic use within a program of antibiotic stewardship could also reduce cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Petrelli
- Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio (BG), Italy.
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Casa di Cura Igea, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Perego
- Pharmacy Unit, School of Hospital Pharmacy-University of Milan, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio (BG), Italy
| | - Mary Cabiddu
- Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, 24047 Treviglio (BG), Italy
| | - Shelize Khakoo
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Surrey, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | | | - Chiara Abeni
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Jens Claus Hahne
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Gianluca Tomasello
- Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
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19
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Kovács T, Mikó E, Vida A, Sebő É, Toth J, Csonka T, Boratkó A, Ujlaki G, Lente G, Kovács P, Tóth D, Árkosy P, Kiss B, Méhes G, Goedert JJ, Bai P. Cadaverine, a metabolite of the microbiome, reduces breast cancer aggressiveness through trace amino acid receptors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1300. [PMID: 30718646 PMCID: PMC6361949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies showed that changes to the gut microbiome alters the microbiome-derived metabolome, potentially promoting carcinogenesis in organs that are distal to the gut. In this study, we assessed the relationship between breast cancer and cadaverine biosynthesis. Cadaverine treatment of Balb/c female mice (500 nmol/kg p.o. q.d.) grafted with 4T1 breast cancer cells ameliorated the disease (lower mass and infiltration of the primary tumor, fewer metastases, and lower grade tumors). Cadaverine treatment of breast cancer cell lines corresponding to its serum reference range (100–800 nM) reverted endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibited cellular movement and invasion, moreover, rendered cells less stem cell-like through reducing mitochondrial oxidation. Trace amino acid receptors (TAARs), namely, TAAR1, TAAR8 and TAAR9 were instrumental in provoking the cadaverine-evoked effects. Early stage breast cancer patients, versus control women, had reduced abundance of the CadA and LdcC genes in fecal DNA, both responsible for bacterial cadaverine production. Moreover, we found low protein expression of E. coli LdcC in the feces of stage 1 breast cancer patients. In addition, higher expression of lysine decarboxylase resulted in a prolonged survival among early-stage breast cancer patients. Taken together, cadaverine production seems to be a regulator of early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - András Vida
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Éva Sebő
- Kenézy Breast Center, Kenézy Gyula County Hospital, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Judit Toth
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csonka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gréta Lente
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Dezső Tóth
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Árkosy
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Borbála Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - James J Goedert
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20982 MD, USA
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary. .,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary. .,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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20
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Davoren MJ, Schiestl RH. Glyphosate-based herbicides and cancer risk: a post-IARC decision review of potential mechanisms, policy and avenues of research. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1207-1215. [PMID: 30060078 PMCID: PMC7530464 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its initial sales in the 1970s, the herbicide glyphosate attained widespread use in modern agriculture, becoming the most commercially successful and widely used herbicide of all time as of 2016. Despite a primary mechanism that targets a pathway absent from animal cells and regulatory studies showing safety margins orders of magnitude better than many other, more directly toxic herbicides, the safety status of glyphosate has recently been brought into question by a slow accumulation of studies suggesting more subtle health risks, especially when considered in combination with the surfactants it is usually applied with. Current, official views of respected international regulatory and health bodies remain divided on glyphosate's status as a human carcinogen, but the 2015 International Agency for Research on Cancer decision to reclassify the compound as Category 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) marked a sea change in the scientific community's consensus view. The goal of this review is to consider the state of science regarding glyphosate's potential as a human carcinogen and genotoxin, with particular focus on studies suggesting mechanisms that would go largely undetected in traditional toxicology studies, such as microbiome disruption and endocrine mimicry at very low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davoren
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Schiestl
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Environmental Health Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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21
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Garraway K, Johannes CM, Bryan A, Peauroi J, Rossi G, Zhang M, Wang C, Allenspach K, Jergens AE. Relationship of the mucosal microbiota to gastrointestinal inflammation and small cell intestinal lymphoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:1692-1702. [PMID: 30084202 PMCID: PMC6189339 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in healthy cats is altered in IBD. Little research has been performed to identify whether specific bacterial groups are associated with small cell GI lymphoma (LSA). Hypothesis Mucosal bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae and Fusobacterium spp., are abundant in intestinal biopsies of cats with small cell GI LSA compared to cats with IBD. Animals Fourteen cats with IBD and 14 cats with small cell GI LSA. Methods Retrospective case control study. A search of the medical records was performed to identify cats diagnosed with IBD and with GI LSA. Bacterial groups identified by FISH in GI biopsies were compared between cohorts and correlated to CD11b+ and NF‐κB expression. Results Fusobacterium spp. (median; IQR bacteria/region) were higher in cats with small cell GI LSA in ileal (527; 455.5 – 661.5; P = .046) and colonic (404.5; 328.8 – 455.5; P = .016) adherent mucus, and combined colonic compartments (free mucus, adherent mucus, attaching to epithelium) (8; 0 – 336; P = .017) compared to cats with IBD (ileum: 67; 31.5 – 259; colon: 142.5; 82.3 – 434.5; combined: 3; 0 – 34). Bacteroides spp. were higher in ileal adherent mucus (P = .036) and 3 combined ileal compartments (P = .034) of cats with small cell GI LSA. There were significant correlations between Fusobacterium spp. totals and CD11b+ cell (P = .009; rs .476) and NF‐κB expression (P = .004; rs .523). Conclusions The bacterial alterations appreciated might be influential in development of small cell GI LSA, and should drive further studies to elucidate the effects of microbial‐mediated inflammation on GI cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Garraway
- Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA
| | | | - Angela Bryan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University
| | - John Peauroi
- VDx Veterinary Diagnostics and Preclinical Research Services
| | - Giacomo Rossi
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iowa State University
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iowa State University
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22
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Zhang H, Sun L. When human cells meet bacteria: precision medicine for cancers using the microbiota. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1157-1175. [PMID: 30094091 PMCID: PMC6079160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota interacts with the host immune system in multiple ways to influence the development of diseases, including cancers; however, a detailed understanding of their relationship is unavailable. Accumulating evidence has only revealed an association rather than a causal link between microbial alterations and carcinogenesis. The regulatory loops among the microbiome, human cells and the immune system are far more complicated and require further studies to be revealed. In this review, we discuss the impact of the microbiota on cancer initiation, development and progression in different types of human cells, mainly focusing on the clinical translation from microbiome research to an accurate diagnosis, subtype classification and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Litao Sun
- The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research, The Scripps Research InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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23
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Vicario M, Mattiolo A, Montini B, Piano MA, Cavallari I, Amadori A, Chieco-Bianchi L, Calabrò ML. A Preclinical Model for the ATLL Lymphoma Subtype With Insights Into the Role of Microenvironment in HTLV-1-Mediated Lymphomagenesis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1215. [PMID: 29951044 PMCID: PMC6008390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T cell malignancy associated with Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Among its four main clinical subtypes, the prognosis of acute and lymphoma variants remains poor. The long latency (3–6 decades) and low incidence (3–5%) of ATLL imply the involvement of viral and host factors in full-blown malignancy. Despite multiple preclinical and clinical studies, the contribution of the stromal microenvironment in ATLL development is not yet completely unraveled. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of the host microenvironment, and specifically fibroblasts, in ATLL pathogenesis and to propose a murine model for the lymphoma subtype. Here we present evidence that the oncogenic capacity of HTLV-1-immortalized C91/PL cells is enhanced when they are xenotransplanted together with human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) in immunocompromised BALB/c Rag2-/-γc-/- mice. Moreover, cell lines derived from a developed lymphoma and their subsequent in vivo passages acquired the stable property to induce aggressive T cell lymphomas. In particular, one of these cell lines, C91/III cells, consistently induced aggressive lymphomas also in NOD/SCID/IL2Rγc KO (NSG) mice. To dissect the mechanisms linked to this enhanced tumorigenic ability, we quantified 45 soluble factors released by these cell lines and found that 21 of them, mainly pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, were significantly increased in C91/III cells compared to the parental C91/PL cells. Moreover, many of the increased factors were also released by human fibroblasts and belonged to the known secretory pattern of ATLL cells. C91/PL cells co-cultured with HFF showed features reminiscent of those observed in C91/III cells, including a similar secretory pattern and a more aggressive behavior in vivo. On the whole, our data provide evidence that fibroblasts, one of the major stromal components, might enhance tumorigenesis of HTLV-1-infected and immortalized T cells, thus throwing light on the role of microenvironment contribution in ATLL pathogenesis. We also propose that the lymphoma induced in NSG mice by injection with C91/III cells represents a new murine preclinical ATLL model that could be adopted to test novel therapeutic interventions for the aggressive lymphoma subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Vicario
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Mattiolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara Montini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Piano
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavallari
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadori
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Chieco-Bianchi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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Lithocholic acid, a bacterial metabolite reduces breast cancer cell proliferation and aggressiveness. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:958-974. [PMID: 29655782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed at finding a mechanistic relationship between the gut microbiome and breast cancer. Breast cancer cells are not in direct contact with these microbes, but disease could be influenced by bacterial metabolites including secondary bile acids that are exclusively synthesized by the microbiome and known to enter the human circulation. In murine and bench experiments, a secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (LCA) in concentrations corresponding to its tissue reference concentrations (< 1 μM), reduced cancer cell proliferation (by 10-20%) and VEGF production (by 37%), aggressiveness and metastatic potential of primary tumors through inducing mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, increased antitumor immune response, OXPHOS and the TCA cycle. Part of these effects was due to activation of TGR5 by LCA. Early stage breast cancer patients, versus control women, had reduced serum LCA levels, reduced chenodeoxycholic acid to LCA ratio, and reduced abundance of the baiH (7α/β-hydroxysteroid dehydroxylase, the key enzyme in LCA generation) gene in fecal DNA, all suggesting reduced microbial generation of LCA in early breast cancer.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge and recent findings regarding pathogenesis, outcome, and treatment for heavy chain disease (HCD) involving the small bowel, focusing on alpha HCD or immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID), the HCD subtype typically affecting the small bowel. RECENT FINDINGS A link between Campylobacter jejuni infection and IPSID has been established, but there is controversy as to the role played by this organism in disease pathogenesis. While cytogenetic abnormalities involving various immunoglobulin loci and PAX5 have been reported, these have been described in rare, single cases, limiting their ability to shed further light on disease pathogenesis. IPSID is typically regarded as a pre-lymphomatous condition with eventual progression to frank lymphoma; however, recent reports of longstanding non-progressive cases have expanded its clinical spectrum. IPSID is an uncommon disorder affecting the small intestine. This review focuses on current knowledge and novel insight regarding its pathogenesis, outcome, and treatment, with an emphasis on future directions.
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26
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Gavazza A, Rossi G, Lubas G, Cerquetella M, Minamoto Y, Suchodolski JS. Faecal microbiota in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:E169-E175. [PMID: 29152844 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Malignant lymphoma B-cell type is the most common canine haematopoietic malignancy. Changes in intestinal microbiota have been implicated in few types of cancer in humans. The aim of this prospective and case-control study was to determine differences in faecal microbiota between healthy control dogs and dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Twelve dogs affected by multicentric, B-cell, stage III-IV lymphoma, and 21 healthy dogs were enrolled in the study. For each dog, faecal samples were analysed by Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for selected bacterial groups. Alpha diversity was significant lower in lymphoma dogs. Principal coordinate analysis plots showed different microbial clustering (P = .001) and linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed 28 differentially abundant bacterial groups in lymphoma and control dogs. The qPCR analysis showed significant lower abundance of Faecalibacterium spp. (q < .001), Fusobacterium spp. (q = .032), and Turicibacter spp. (q = .043) in dogs with lymphoma compared with control dogs. On the contrary, Streptococcus spp. was significantly higher in dogs with lymphoma (q = .041). The dysbiosis index was significantly higher (P < .0001) in dogs with lymphoma. In conclusion, both sequencing and qPCR analyses provided a global overview of faecal microbial communities and showed significant differences in the microbial communities of dogs presenting with multicentric lymphoma compared with healthy control dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gavazza
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Rossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - G Lubas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Cerquetella
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Y Minamoto
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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27
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Espinoza JL, Matsumoto A, Tanaka H, Matsumura I. Gastric microbiota: An emerging player in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric malignancies. Cancer Lett 2017; 414:147-152. [PMID: 29138097 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The complex diversity of nonpathogenic microbes that colonize the human body, known as microbiota, exert considerable effects on physiological homeostasis, and immune regulation. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that frequently colonizes human stomach and is a major pathogenic agent for peptic ulcer diseases, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Due to its acidic pH and peristaltic movements, the stomach has been considered a hostile environment for most microorganisms, however various commensal microorganisms are capable of colonizing the stomach to form a stomach niche. Recent pieces of evidence indicate that commensal gastric microbes or their metabolites influence the capability of H. pylori to colonize the stomach and directly modulate its pathogenicity and carcinogenic potential. In this article, we present an overview of recent advances in the understanding of H. pylori-commensal interactions in the pathogenesis and clinical evolution of H. pylori-associated gastric malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luis Espinoza
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University, Osaka Sayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University, Osaka Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University, Osaka Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Itaru Matsumura
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University, Osaka Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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28
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Woods SE, Ek C, Shen Z, Feng Y, Ge Z, Muthupalani S, Whary MT, Fox JG. Male Syrian Hamsters Experimentally Infected with Helicobacter spp. of the H. bilis Cluster Develop MALT-Associated Gastrointestinal Lymphomas. Helicobacter 2016; 21:201-17. [PMID: 26348390 PMCID: PMC4783298 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aged hamsters naturally infected with novel Helicobacter spp. classified in the H. bilis cluster develop hepatobiliary lesions and typhlocolitis. METHODS To determine whether enterohepatic H. spp. contribute to disease, Helicobacter-free hamsters were experimentally infected with H. spp. after suppression of intestinal bacteria by tetracycline treatment of dams and pups. After antibiotic withdrawal, weanlings were gavaged with four H. bilis-like Helicobacter spp. isolated from hamsters or H. bilis ATCC 43879 isolated from human feces and compared to controls (n = 7 per group). RESULTS Helicobacter bilis 43879-dosed hamsters were necropsied at 33 weeks postinfection (WPI) due to the lack of detectable infection by fecal PCR; at necropsy, 5 of 7 were weakly PCR positive but lacked intestinal lesions. The remaining hamsters were maintained for ~95 WPI; chronic H. spp. infection in hamsters (6/7) was confirmed by PCR, bacterial culture, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and ELISA. Hamsters had mild-to-moderate typhlitis, and three of the male H. spp.-infected hamsters developed small intestinal lymphoma, in contrast to one control. Of the three lymphomas in H. spp.-infected hamsters, one was a focal ileal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) B-cell lymphoma, while the other two were multicentric small intestinal large B-cell lymphomas involving both the MALT and extra-MALT mucosal sites with lymphoepithelial lesions. The lymphoma in the control hamster was a diffuse small intestinal lymphoma with a mixed population of T and B cells. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest persistent H. spp. infection may augment risk for gastrointestinal MALT origin lymphomas. This model is consistent with H. pylori/heilmannii-associated MALT lymphoma in humans and could be further utilized to investigate the mechanisms of intestinal lymphoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie E Woods
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Courtney Ek
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zeli Shen
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhongming Ge
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Mark T Whary
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Understanding Luminal Microorganisms and Their Potential Effectiveness in Treating Intestinal Inflammation. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:194-201. [PMID: 26457381 PMCID: PMC4679592 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human intestine contains 10¹⁴ bacteria, which outnumber the mammalian cells 10-fold. Certain other commensal or infectious agents, like helminthic parasites, become members of this microbial ecosystem, especially in populations living under less hygienic conditions. Intestinal microbes, also called the microbiome or microbiota, shape the host immune reactivity to self and nonself throughout life. Changes in microbiome composition may impair the maturation of immune regulatory pathways and predispose the host to develop various forms of inflammatory disorders, like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. The microbiome is also critical to successful transplantation of organs or grafts. After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, when the new donor cells, such as T lymphocytes learn to discriminate "the new self from nonself" in the transplant recipient, they need healthy microbiota-derived signals to preserve the immune homeostasis. Restoring microbiota through intestinal delivery of bacterial strains, helminths, fecal microbiota transplantation, or stool substitutes have the potential to improve and correct aberrant immune reactivity in various disorders.
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Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with a dismal prognosis. It is increasingly recognized that esophageal cancer is a heterogeneous disease. It can be subdivided into two distinct groups: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, based on histological appearance. In the Western world, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was considerably higher than esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) until the 1990s when, due to a dramatic increase, the incidence of EA surpassed that of squamous cell carcinoma. EA typically follows a well-established stepwise evolution from chronic inflammation due to reflux esophagitis (RE) that progresses to metaplasia (Barrett's esophagus [BE]) to dysplasia, which often culminates in EA. The pathophysiology of EA is complex and involves diverse factors, including gastroesophageal reflux, gastric acid secretion, dysfunction of the antireflux barrier, gastric emptying disturbances, and abnormalities in esophageal defense mechanisms. The current understanding of the etiology of EA is mainly derived from epidemiological studies of risk factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disorders (GERD), and low fruit and vegetable consumption. Numerous studies have been done, but the factors that drive the dynamic increase in the incidence of EA remain elusive. The advent of widespread antibiotic use occurred in the 1950s, preceding the surge of EA. Based on this temporal sequence, it has been hypothesized that antibiotics alter the microbiome to which the esophagus is exposed in patients who have GERD and that chronic exposure to this abnormal microbiome (ie, changes in species diversity or abundance) accounts for the increase in EA. If changes in the proposed factors alter the stepwise progression (RE-BE-dysplasia-EA), they may represent potential targets for chemoprevention. New discoveries will help improve our understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of these cancers, and aid in finding novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Galvao Neto
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - April Whitaker
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhiheng Pei
- Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Wang FC, Pei JX, Zhu J, Zhou NJ, Liu DS, Xiong HF, Liu XQ, Lin DJ, Xie Y. Overexpression of HMGB1 A-box reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation via HMGB1/TLR4 signaling in vitro. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7764-7776. [PMID: 26167076 PMCID: PMC4491963 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i25.7764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of high mobility group box (HMGB)1 A-box in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammation.
METHODS: Overexpression of HMGB1 A-box in human intestinal epithelial cell lines (SW480 cells) was achieved using the plasmid pEGFP-N1. HMGB1 A-box-overexpressing SW480 cells were stimulated with LPS and co-culturing with human monocyte-like cell lines (THP-1 cells) using a Transwell system, compared with another HMGB1 inhibitor ethyl pyruvate (EP). The mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1/toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling pathways [including HMGB1, TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor88 (MYD88), Phosphorylated Nuclear Factor κB (pNF-κB) p65] in the stimulated cells were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The levels of the proinflammatory mediators [including HMGB1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] in the supernatants of the stimulated cells were determined by ELISA.
RESULTS: EP downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1, inhibited the TLR4 signaling pathways (TLR4, MYD88 and pNF-κB p65) and reduced the secretion of proinflammatory mediators (HMGB1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in the SW480 and THP-1 cells activated by LPS but not in the unstimulated cells. Activated by LPS, the overexpression of HMGB1 A-box in the SW480 cells also inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathways and reduced the secretion of these proinflammatory mediators in the THP-1 cells but not in the transfected and unstimulated cells.
CONCLUSION: HMGB1 A-box, not only EP, can reduce LPS-induced intestinal inflammation through inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathways.
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Lei YMK, Nair L, Alegre ML. The interplay between the intestinal microbiota and the immune system. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:9-19. [PMID: 25481240 PMCID: PMC4423786 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between commensal microbes and their hosts has been studied for many years. Commensal microorganisms are known to have a significant role in regulating the physiology of their hosts and preventing pathogenic infections while the hosts' immune system is important in determining the composition of the microbiota. More recently, specific effects of the intestinal microbiota on the local and distal immune systems have been uncovered with important consequences for health and disease, and alterations in intestinal microbial composition has been associated with various disease states. Here, we will review the current understanding of the microbiota/immune system crosstalk, highlight the clinical consequences of changes in the microbiota and consider how to harness this symbiotic relationship to improve public health.
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