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Zhang M, Ma Y, Wang Z, Wang G, Wang Q, Li X, Lin F, Zhang C. Prevalence and transmission of pretreatment drug resistance in people living with HIV-1 in Shanghai China, 2017-2021. Virulence 2024; 15:2373105. [PMID: 38934465 PMCID: PMC11212556 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2373105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The implementation of pretreatment drug-resistance (PDR) surveillance among people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) is a top priority in countries using efavirenz (EFV)/nevirapine (NVP) for first-line ART. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of PDR among PLWH in Shanghai, China during 2017-2021, and to reveal PDR transmission between Shanghai and other regions of China. A total of 5050 PLWH not on ART during 2017-2021 were included. Partial HIV-1 pol sequences were amplified, sequenced, and analysed for drug-resistance mutations (DRMs). Besides, transmission network of PDR variants was inferred using HIV-TRACE. The overall prevalence of PDR was 4.8% (242/5050; 95% CI, 4.2-5.4). Prevalence of NNRTI-associated PDR was 3.9% (95% CI, 3.4-4.5), higher than those of NRTI-associated (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.5-1.1) and PI-associated PDR (0.9%; 95% CI, 0.6-1.2). High prevalence of PDR (especially high-level resistance) to EFV (132/5050, 2.6%) and NVP (137/5050, 2.7%) were found. CRF01_AE (46.0%) was the predominant HIV-1 genotype with any DRMs, followed by CRF55_01B (21.0%), and CRF07_BC (15.1%). Two NRTI-associated (S68G/N/R and T215A/N/S/Y), five NNRTI-associated (V179D/E/T/L, K103N/R/S/T, E138A/G/K, V106M/I/A and Y181C/I) and two PI-associated mutations (M46I/L/V and Q58E) were the most common observed DRMs in PDR patients in Shanghai. The vast majority of S68G occurred in CRF01_AE (45%). M46I/L/V and Q58E showed a relatively high prevalence in CRF01_AE (4.1%) and CRF07_BC (12.6%). Transmission network analyses demonstrated cross-regional transmission links of PDR variants between Shanghai and other regions of China, which was mainly driven by the potential low-level DRM V179D/E. These results provide crucial information for clinical decision making of first-line ART in PLWH with PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianying Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Wan Z, Zhang C. How to report and make sense of a new HIV-1 circulating recombinant form? Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1343143. [PMID: 38450164 PMCID: PMC10915052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1343143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Co-circulation of multiple HIV-1 subtypes in the same high-risk groups leads to the on-going generation of various inter-subtype recombinants, including unique (URFs) and circulating (CRFs) recombinant forms, which brings a new challenge for the prevention and eradication of HIV/AIDS. Identification and prompt reporting of new CRFs will provide not only new insights into the understanding of genetic diversity and evolution of HIV-1, but also an early warning of potential prevalence of these variants. Currently, 140 HIV-1 CRFs have been described; however, their prevalence and clinical importance are less concerned. Apart from the mosaic genomic maps, less other valuable information, including the clinical and demographic data, genomic sequence characteristics, origin and evolutionary dynamics, as well as representative genomic fragments for determining the variants, are available for most of these CRFs. Accompanied with the growing increase of HIV-1 full-length genomic sequences, more and more CRFs will be identified in the near future due to the high recombination potential of HIV-1. Here, we discuss the prevalence and clinical importance of various HIV-1 CRFs and propose how to report and make sense of a new HIV-1 CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Wan
- Medical Laboratory of Taizhou Fourth People’s Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Cao X, Cao J, Qi H, Yu W, Zeng Z, Peng Y, Wang M. Prevalence of primary drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected individuals in Hunan province, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2023. [PMID: 36924299 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, research on the prevalence of primary drug resistance (PDR) in Hunan province is limited. Therefore, we explored the current status of HIV-1 PDR in Hunan to provide a basis for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.370 newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected individuals who had not received ART were enrolled in Hunan province, China. Plasma samples were collected, RNA was extracted, two rounds of gene amplification were carried out with the In-house method, and a subtype analysis and drug resistance analysis were carried out with the relevant software. We found that the most prevalent subtypes of HIV-1 in Hunan Province are CRF_01AE (126/359, 35.1%) and CRF07_BC (85/359, 23.7%). The PDR rate among newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients was 10.0% (36/359). Among them, the drug resistance rate of protease inhibitors (PIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and integrase inhibitors (INs) was 0.3% (1/359), 3.3% (12/359), 8.36% (30/359), and 0.6% (2/359), respectively. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Hunan Province is diverse and complex, and the primary drug resistance rate has exceeded the low-level warning line set by the WHO (< 5%). Therefore, we should conduct pre-treatment drug resistance assays to determine the optimal primary ART, so that the patients can obtain better antiretroviral treatment outcomes, and the transmission of drug-resistant strains in the population can be blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- XuJian Cao
- First Hospital of Changsha, 439896, Infectious department, 7702, Changsha, China, 410005;
| | - Jing Cao
- First Hospital of Changsha, 439896, The Institute of HIV/AIDS, Changsha, Hunan, China;
| | - Hui Qi
- Changsha Institute of HIV/AIDS, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China;
| | - WeiWei Yu
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of the First Hospital of Changsha, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China,421001, China, ChangSha, China;
| | - ZiWei Zeng
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of the First Hospital of Changsha, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China,421001, China, ChangSha, China;
| | - YongQuan Peng
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of the First Hospital of Changsha, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China,421001, China, ChangSha, China;
| | - Min Wang
- Changsha Institute of HIV/AIDS, The First Hospital of Changsha, shuixutang no.67, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410011;
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Ye M, Chen X, Duo L, Ma J, Cao L, Zhang C, Zheng YT. Identification of two novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms of CRF111_01C and CRF116_0108 in southwestern Yunnan, China. Virulence 2022; 13:19-29. [PMID: 34951549 PMCID: PMC9794008 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2010399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Yunnan, the region hardest hit by HIV/AIDS in China, is also an area with the most abundant HIV-1 genetic diversity. A large number of novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinants were identified among injection drug users in Yunnan; however, few were found among sexual contacts. Here, we obtained 15 near full-length genome sequences (NFLGs) from HIV-1 seropositive heterosexual contacts in Yunnan who received antiretroviral therapy during the period from 2014 to 2016. Phylogenetic analysis showed that six NFLGs belonged to CRF01_AE (n = 3) and CRF106_cpx (n = 3), and the other nine sequences were novel inter-subtype recombinants. Of the recombinants, two novel CRFs (CRF111_01 C (n = 4) and CRF116_0108 (n = 4)) and one CRF106_cpx variant (n = 1) were identified. CRF111_01 C had a CRF01_AE backbone with seven subtype C fragments inserted into the gag, pol, vif, env, nef and 3'LTR regions. CRF116_0108 had a CRF08_BC backbone with a CRF01_AE fragment inserted into the pol, tat, rev, vif, vpr, vpu and env regions. Phylogeographic analyses estimated that CRF111_01 C and CRF116_0108 originated approximately 1995.7-1998.6 and 1991.7-1993.7, respectively. These identifications of two novel HIV-1 CRFs highlighted the importance of continuous surveillance in heterosexual contacts and other high-risk groups in this region and the surrounding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Duo
- Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Cangyuan Va Autonomous County People’s Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - Le Cao
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Chiyu Zhang
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kiz-cuhk Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,CONTACT Yong-Tang Zheng
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5
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Wang H, Zhao X, Su M, Meng J, Fan W, Shi P. Identification of a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form CRF112_01B Strain in Baoding City, Hebei Province, China. Curr HIV Res 2022; 20:485-491. [PMID: 36305139 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x21666221027122528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of HIV-1 recombinants that originated from CRF01_AE and B strains are constantly emerging in men who have sex with men populations in China and deserve more attention and further monitoring. OBJECTIVE To analyze the near-full-length genome structure and recombination characteristics of a new HIV-1 strain (BD226AJ) detected in Baoding City and determine its subtype. CASE REPRESENTATION Viral RNA was extracted from a blood sample collected from an infected individual and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Two overlapping segments of the HIV-1 genome were amplified using a near-endpoint dilution method and sequenced. Recombinant breakpoints were determined using RIP, jpHMM, and SimPlot 3.5.1 software. MEGA v6.0 was used to construct a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree to determine the homology relationships of this strain. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We obtained 8830 nucleotides (nt) of the HIV-1 genome sequence by amplification and sequencing, and four recombinant fragments were identified by recombination analysis, namely CRF01_AE (HXB2, 823-4224 nt), subtype B (HXB2, 4225-5991 nt), CRF01_AE (HXB2, 5992-9295 nt), and subtype B (HXB2, 9296-9406 nt). The BLAST results showed that 96% of the sequence was similar to CRF112_01B. The jpHMM results confirmed that BD226AJ was the CRF112_01B strain. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the first epidemic of CRF112_01B in Hebei Province. This finding suggests that HIV-1 CRF112_01B may have been introduced into Hebei by men who have sex with men and indicates that the epidemic trend of this strain should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Clinical laboratory, the People's Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Xuanhe Zhao
- Clinical laboratory, the Baoding Blood Center, Baoding, Hebei 071051, China
| | - Miaomiao Su
- Infection division, the People's Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Juan Meng
- Infection division, the People's Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Weiguang Fan
- Clinical laboratory, the People's Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Clinical laboratory, the People's Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
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6
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A New HIV-1 K 28E 32-Reverse Transcriptase Variant Associated with the Rapid Expansion of CRF07_BC among Men Who Have Sex with Men. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0254522. [PMID: 36214682 PMCID: PMC9604004 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02545-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF07_BC originated among injection drug users (IDUs) in China. After diffusing into men who have sex with men (MSM), CRF07_BC has shown a rapid expansion in this group; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified a new K28E32 variant of CRF07_BC that was characterized by five specific mutations (E28K, K32E, E248V, K249Q, and T338S) in reverse transcriptase. This variant was mainly prevalent among MSM, and was overrepresented in transmission clusters, suggesting that it could have driven the rapid expansion of CRF07_BC in MSM, though founder effects cannot be ruled out. It was descended from an evolutionary intermediate accumulating four specific mutations and formed an independent phylogenetic node with an estimated origin time in 2003. The K28E32 variant was demonstrated to have significantly higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. Mutations E28K and K32E play a critical role in the improvement of in vitro HIV-1 replication ability, reflected by improved reverse transcription activity. The results could allow public health officials to use this marker (especially E28K and K32E mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region) to target prevention measures prioritizing MSM population and persons infected with this variant for test and treat initiatives. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 has very high mutation rate that is correlated with the survival and adaption of the virus. The variants with higher transmissibility may be more selective advantage than the strains with higher virulence. Several HIV-1 variants were previously demonstrated to be correlated with higher viral load and lower CD4 T cell count. Here, we first identified a new variant (the K28E32 variant) of HIV-1 CRF07_BC, described its origin and evolutionary dynamics, and demonstrated its higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. We demonstrated that five RT mutations (especially E28K and K32E) significantly improve in vitro HIV-1 replication ability. The appearance of the new K28E32 variant was associated with the rapidly increasing prevalence of CRF07_BC among MSM.
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7
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Yang Z, Wei L, Xie W, Chen L, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Liu S, Tan W, Zheng C, Gan Y, Li D, Zou H, Chen W, Ma L, Ju N, Sun Y, Lv F, Zhao J. Estimating Changes in Population Size and Behavioral Characteristics in Men Who Have Sex With Men Between 2014 and 2019: Longitudinal Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e34150. [PMID: 35972779 PMCID: PMC9428784 DOI: 10.2196/34150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV infection. Accurate estimation of the population size and monitoring the risk sexual behavioral change of MSM is of great importance to develop targeted HIV prevention and interventions. Objective The goal of the research was accurate estimation of the population size and monitoring the risk sexual behavioral change of MSM. Methods Street interception investigation methods were conducted among males aged 16 years and older in selected sites in Shenzhen in 2014 and 2019. A population survey was used to estimate the population size of MSM. Logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the difference in behavioral characteristics in MSM from 2014 to 2019. Results In this study, we surveyed 10,170 participants in 2014, of whom 448 (4.41%, 95% CI 4.01%-4.80%) participants were men who have ever had sex with another man (MSMe) and 229 (2.25%, 95% CI 1.96%-2.54%) were men who had sex with another man in the previous 6 months (MSMa). A total of 10,226 participants were surveyed in 2019, of which 500 (4.90%, 95% CI 4.47%-5.31%) and 208 (2.03%, 95% CI 1.76%-2.31%) participants were MSMe and MSMa, respectively. The results showed that the population size of MSM who are active (MSMa) in Shenzhen was 155,469 (2.29%, 95% CI 2.28%-2.30%) in 2014 and 167,337 (2.05%, 95% CI 2.04%-2.06%) in 2019. It was estimated that there were about 12,005,445 (2.04%, 95% CI 2.04%-2.04%) MSMa in China in 2019. Compared with 2014, the MSMa in 2019 were more likely to seek sex partners through mobile phone apps and less likely to have male and female sex partners in addition to having inconsistent condom use and more than 6 sex partners in the previous 6 months. Conclusions In Shenzhen, the proportion of MSMa among the general male population was lower in 2019 than in 2014, and the prevalence of HIV risk behavior was reduced in 2019. Although the preferred platform to find male sex partners among MSM has changed, intervention with high–HIV risk MSM could still help to reduce HIV risk behaviors among the whole MSM group. Because MSM prefer to seek sex partners through mobile phone apps, further study is needed to strengthen internet interventions with high–HIV risk MSM to curb the spread of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Public Health, Peking Unversity, Beijing, China.,School of Public Health, Shantou Unversity, Shantou, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaochu Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongxia Gan
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongmin Li
- National Center for AIDS/Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanying Chen
- National Center for AIDS/Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Binhu District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Niu Ju
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinghui Sun
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Lv
- National Center for AIDS/Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Public Health, Shantou Unversity, Shantou, China
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8
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Yao Y, Zeng Y, Huang H, Li J, Li J, Xin R. Characteristics of Four Novel Recombinant Strains from the Backbone of CRF55_01B and CRF65_cpx in Beijing by Near Full-Length Genome. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:936-945. [PMID: 34167316 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 epidemic was mainly driven by men who have sex with men (MSM) recently in Beijing, China, with high genetic diversity. Novel recombinant strains were frequently reported at 3.4%-9.9%. It is imperative to interpret the recombinant modes and the putative transmission sources by near full-length genome (NFLG). Four individuals from the MSM population were identified as novel recombinant strains during surveillance of pretreatment drug resistance. NFLG sequences were harvested by near end-point dilution and nested PCR with two overlapping half fragments. Phylogenetic inference was performed with subtyping reference sequences and major parental strain sequences, to explore the patterns of genetic recombinant and potential sources of parent strains. The breakpoints were determined using SimPlot 3.5 to draw genome mosaic map, and the potential parental strains were confirmed by Mega 6.0 using segmental neighbor-joining trees. BL19487-00 and BL1948-00 sequences were obtained from epidemiologically linked individuals and shared similar breakpoints (HXB2 nt 4,497 ± 8 to 4,722) with substitution of subtype B pol gene segment in the backbone of CRF55_01B. BL3104-00 and BL4307-00 carried seven and eight breakpoints, respectively, in the backbone of CRF65_cpx with g5 CRF01_AE substitutions. The recombinant fragments were located around gag, pol, and env genes, with vpr-tat and nef-3'-LTR genes only for BL4307-00. No transmitted drug resistance was observed with the four unique recombinant forms (URFs), except for some drug resistance associated mutations. The advent of URFs around CRF55_01B and CRF65_cpx identified in recent years implied that the sexual behaviors were active and the epidemic of HIV was complicated among MSM in Beijing. Molecular epidemiological surveillance and precise control should be reinforced for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Yao
- Department of Science Research and Information Management, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huihuang Huang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Beijing Center Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Beijing Center Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ruolei Xin
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Beijing Center Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li H, Jia L, Han J, Li T, Wang X, Li J, Wen H, Li L. Phylogenetic Analysis of Sequences in the HIV Database Revealed Multiple Potential Circulating Recombinant Forms in China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:694-705. [PMID: 33390081 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV recombination contributes greatly to its diversity and produces many circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs). In China, 24 CRFs have been reported to date, and CRFs cause more than 80% of HIV infections. However, the prevalence of CRFs might still be underestimated, as a high level of onward transmission of URFs has been reported. In this study, we analyzed all Chinese pol region (2,253-3,252) sequences in the HIV Database to evaluate potential new CRFs in China. HIV-1 genotypes were verified by the Context-based Modeling for Expeditious Typing (COMET) tool. Maximum-likelihood (ML) trees were constructed based on sequences with unassigned genotypes. Cluster Picker 1.2.1 was used to identify transmission clusters. Meanwhile, a jumping-profile hidden Markov model (jpHMM) was used to perform recombination breakpoint analysis. Beast 1.7.5 was used to estimate the time of the most recent common ancestor of new CRFs. In the HIV databases, CRF01_AE was the most prevalent genetic form in China, accounting for 39.69% of all national infections, followed by CRF07_BC (20.47%), subtype B (17.50%), CRF08_BC (6.60%), subtype C (6.28%), CRF55_01B (2.06%), and other CRFs (1.77%). The URFs were responsible for 5.31% of all infections nationwide. Among URFs, genomes comprising BC, 01BC, 01B, and 01C were dominant. Finally, 17 potential CRFs and 1 novel CRF were identified. BEAST analysis indicates that novel CRF originated around in 2009. The data highlight that more CRFs have been spreading in China. HIV-1 pol sequences that are commonly used to explore drug resistance are helpful for the surveillance of epidemics of different HIV-1 genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, China
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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10
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Gan M, Zheng S, Hao J, Ruan Y, Liao L, Shao Y, Feng Y, Xing H. The prevalence of CRF55_01B among HIV-1 strain and its connection with traffic development in China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:256-265. [PMID: 33512306 PMCID: PMC7894451 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1884004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CRF55_01B is a relatively “young” HIV strain. At present, we do not know much about its transmission characteristics in China. So, to describe the transmission characteristics of CRF55_01B strain among provinces and HIV infected people, and to analyze the reasons for its rapid epidemic in China, a total of 1237 subjects infected with CRF55_01B from 31 provinces spanning a period of 12 years from 2007 to 2018 were enrolled in this study. By constructing a molecular network and Bayesian correlation analysis, we found that CRF55_01B increased exponentially from 2005 to 2009 after its origin in Shenzhen, and increased rapidly after 2010. CRF55_01B began to spread to other provinces in 2007. After 2010, the strain showed a trend of rapid spread and epidemic from Guangdong-Shenzhen to other provinces in China. Guangdong, Shenzhen, Hunan, Beijing, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Anhui, Shanghai, Shandong, Henan, and Yunnan were the key provinces of CRF55_01B transmission. CRF55_01B, although originating from men who sex with men (MSM), was transmitted among heterosexuals in 2010. Males in heterosexuals played a crucial role in the transmission and diffusion of this strain. We also revealed that CRF55_01B might spread rapidly along with the rapid development of the Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Kowloon railways. This study suggests that if we detect the spread of MSMs in time through molecular monitoring in the early stage of the epidemic, it can help us control the epidemic early and prevent its spread, which is of great significance to China's national prevention and control of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengze Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jingjing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China.,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangxi CDC), Nanning, China
| | - Lingjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China.,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangxi CDC), Nanning, China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 102206, China
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11
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Wei L, Li H, Lv X, Zheng C, Li G, Yang Z, Chen L, Han X, Zou H, Gao Y, Cheng J, Wang H, Zhao J. Impact of HIV-1 CRF55_01B infection on the evolution of CD4 count and plasma HIV RNA load in men who have sex with men prior to antiretroviral therapy. Retrovirology 2021; 18:22. [PMID: 34399785 PMCID: PMC8365277 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-021-00567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CRF55_01B is a newly identified HIV-1 circulating recombinant form originated from MSM in China. However, its impact on the disease progression and transmission risk has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the impact of CRF55_01B infection on viral dynamics and immunological status so as to provide scientific evidence for further control and prevention effort on CRF55_01B. Linear mixed effect models were applied to evaluate CD4 cell count decline and viral load increase by subtype. Results Of the 3418 blood samples, 1446 (42.3%) were CRF07_BC, 1169 (34.2%) CRF01_AE, 467 (13.7%) CRF55_01B, 249 (7.3%) type B, and 87 (2.5%) other subtypes (CRF_08BC, CRF_01B, C). CRF55_01B had become the third predominant strain since 2012 in Shenzhen, China. CRF55_01B-infected MSM showed lower median of CD4 count than CRF07_BC-infected MSM (349.5 [IQR, 250.2–474.8] vs. 370.0 [IQR, 278.0–501.0], P < 0.05). CRF55_01B infection was associated with slower loss of CD4 count than CRF01_AE (13.6 vs. 23.3 [cells/µl]¹/²/year, P < 0.05)among MSM with initial CD4 count of 200–350 cells/µl. On the other hand, those infected with CRF55_01B showed higher median plasma HIV RNA load (5.4 [IQR, 5.0–5.9]) than both CRF01_AE (5.3 [IQR, 4.8–5.7], P < 0.05) and CRF07_BC (5.0 log10 [IQR, 4.5–5.5], P < 0.001) at the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Furthermore, the annual increasing rate of viral load for CRF55_01B infection was significantly higher than that of CRF07_BC (2.0 vs. 0.7 log10 copies/ml/year, P < 0.01). Conclusions The relatively lower CD4 count and faster increase of plasma HIV RNA load of CRF55_01B-infected MSM without antiretroviral therapy suggest that CRF55_01B may lead to longer asymptomatic phase and higher risk of HIV transmission. Strengthened surveillance, tailored prevention strategies and interventions, and in-depth research focusing on CRF55_01B are urgently needed to forestall potential epidemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12977-021-00567-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guilian Li
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Ministry of Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yanxiao Gao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Wang
- HKU-AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.
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12
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Lan Y, Deng X, Li L, Cai W, Li J, Cai X, Li F, Hu F, Lei C, Tang X. HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among MSM Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in South China 2014-2019. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2977-2989. [PMID: 34377002 PMCID: PMC8349545 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s317187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Guangdong, located in South China, is one of the areas heavily affected by HIV-1 in China. The transmission of HIV-1 among men who have sex with men (MSM) has gradually been increasing in Guangdong. Objective To investigate the characteristics of the HIV-1 drug resistance, and genetic transmission networks in MSM with antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure from 2014 to 2019 in Guangdong. Methods HIV-1 pol gene sequences were amplified. An online subtyping tool was used to determine the genotype, and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was reconstructed to confirm the genotype results. The Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database was used to analyse the sequences of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and drug resistance profiles. A pairwise Tamura-Nei 93 genetic distance-based method was used to analyse the genetic transmission networks. Results Of 393 sequences isolated from HIV-infected MSM with ART failure, CRF01_AE (47.3%), CRF07_BC (21.4%) and CRF55_01B (21.4%) were the top three strains. 55.2% individuals harboured NRTI DRMs, whereas 67.4% carried NNRTI DRMs. 96.8% cases harboured mutations resistance to NRTIs or NNRTIs at high-level. The most common DRMs were M184I/V (42.2%), followed by V179D/E (37.9%) and K65R (27.2%). Of the subtype B sequences, no sequence fell into a cluster. Of the CRF01_AE, CRF55_01B, and CRF59_01B sequences, 14.5%, 61.9%, and 33.3% fell into clusters, respectively. Of the CRF07_BC sequences, 39.3% fell into clusters. The majority of MSM in transmission networks were concentrated at age below 35 years old, with multiple links. Moreover, approximately 54.8% of MSM had more than 2 potential transmission partners. Conclusion Drug resistance mutations more frequently occurred in NNRTIs among MSM with ART failure in Guangdong Province. Transmission network analysis revealed a complex transmission pattern, and more attention should be given to younger HIV-1-infected MSM with multiple links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizi Deng
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghua Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbin Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunliang Lei
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, People's Republic of China
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Ma N, Chen XH, Zhao Y, Kang X, Pan S, Yao WQ. HIV-1 molecular transmission network among sexually transmitted populations in Liaoning Province, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26640. [PMID: 34260561 PMCID: PMC8284760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, with the development of molecular epidemiology, molecular transmission networks based on evolutionary theory and sequence analysis have been widely used in research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transmission dynamics and precise intervention for high-risk populations. The HIV-1 molecular transmission network is a new method to study the population's access to the network, the characteristics of clustering, and the characteristics of interconnection in the network. Here, we analyzed the characteristics of the HIV-1 molecular transmission network of sexually transmitted people in Liaoning Province. METHODS A study of HIV-infected persons who were sexually transmitted in Liaoning Province from 2003 to 2019. HIV-1 RNA was extracted, amplified and sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine the subtype using the well matched pol gene region sequence. The gene distance between sequences was calculated, the threshold was determined, and the molecular transmission network was constructed. RESULTS 109 samples of pol gene region were obtained. The main subtype of HIV-1 was CRF01_AE, followed by B, CRF07_BC, etc. 12.8% of them were resistant to HIV. At the threshold of 0.55 gene distance, 60.6% of them entered the HIV-1 molecular transmission network. Workers, sample source voluntary counseling and testing, other testing, subtype B and drug resistance are the factors influencing the access to HIV-1 molecular transmission network. The subtype of CRF01_AE formed 6 clusters in the molecular transmission network. In the network, the difference of connection degree between different subtypes was statistically significant. DISCUSSION The three subtypes CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and B that enter the molecular transmission network do not have interconnections, and they form clusters with each other. It shows that the risk of transmission among the three subtypes is less than the risk of transmission within each subtype. The factors affecting HIV-1 entry into the molecular transmission network were occupation, sample source, genotype and drug resistance. The L33F mutation at the HIV-1 resistance mutation site constitutes the interconnection in the largest transmission cluster in the network. The epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected persons in each molecular transmission cluster show that 97% of the study subjects come from the same area and have a certain spatial aggregation. CONCLUSION Constructing a molecular transmission network and conducting long-term monitoring, while taking targeted measures to block the spread of HIV can achieve precise prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xing-hua Chen
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Kang
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shan Pan
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-qing Yao
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Lan Y, Xin R, Cai W, Deng X, Li L, Li F, Cai X, Tang X, Fan Q, Hu F. Characteristics of drug resistance in HIV-1 CRF55_01B from ART-experienced patients in Guangdong, China. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 75:1925-1931. [PMID: 32300784 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-1 acquired drug resistance (ADR) has become a critical clinical and public health issue. Recently, HIV-1 CRF55_01B has been found more frequently in the MSM population. OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and the extent of changes in drug susceptibility among ART-experienced CRF55_01B-infected adults of Guangdong. METHODS ADR was tested for immediately in CRF55_01B-infected patients with virological failure. Demographic and epidemiological information was collected. DRMs and antiretroviral susceptibility were interpreted using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database HIVdb program. RESULTS Overall, 162 (4.78%) CRF55_01B isolates were identified from 2013 to 2018. Among DRMs, M184V (43.83%) was the most frequent NRTI DRM, followed by K65R (23.46%), and V179E (98.77%) was the most frequent NNRTI DRM, followed by K103N (47.53%) and Y181C (14.81%). According to the HIVdb program, 79.01% of the CRF55_01B-infected patients carried mutations conferring low-level or higher drug resistance to any of the three classes of ART drugs. Among PI DRMs, only one mutation affording low-level resistance to nelfinavir was found (0.62%). Among NRTI DRMs, a high proportion of high-level resistance to lamivudine (58.64%) and emtricitabine (58.02%) was found. As regards NNRTIs, more than 75% of patients carried efavirenz and nevirapine DRMs. The percentages of high-level resistance were 70.99%, 63.58%, 22.22%, 17.90% and 4.32% for nevirapine, efavirenz, rilpivirine, doravirine and etravirine, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High frequencies of DRMs and resistance were observed among CRF55_01B-infected patients failing ART in Guangdong, and interventions may be considered to minimize ecological contributions to ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruolei Xin
- Institute of AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Infectious Disease Center of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xizi Deng
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Infectious Disease Center of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Li
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghong Fan
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Infectious Disease Institute of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhang D, Zheng C, Li H, Li H, Liu Y, Wang X, Jia L, Chen L, Yang Z, Gan Y, Zhong Y, Han J, Li T, Li J, Zhao J, Li L. Molecular surveillance of HIV-1 newly diagnosed infections in Shenzhen, China from 2011 to 2018. J Infect 2021; 83:76-83. [PMID: 33932447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shenzhen is suffering severe HIV epidemic. No systematic surveillance on high risk populations, HIV genetic diversity, transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) have been reported yet. In this study, we described them based on newly diagnosed HIV positive cases from 2011 to 2018 in Shenzhen city, China. METHODS Plasma samples of newly reported HIV positive cases in Shenzhen, China were collected from 2011 to 2018. The HIV pol gene was amplified and sequenced for subtyping, genetic characterization, TDR and phylogenetic analysis. Demographic and risk characteristics associated with transmitted drug resistance-associated mutations (TDRAMs) and MTCs were explored by using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS 10,378 HIV pol sequences were successfully obtained from newly diagnosed patients with available background information. The most prevalent HIV-1 subtype was CRF07_BC (40.92%). CRF07_BC, CRF55_01B and URFs increased across years. Total TDR was 6.02% during 2011 to 2018. CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC, CRF55_01B and subtype B were more likely to be associated with TDRAMs than CRF07_BC. 4460 (42.98%) patients were infected with strains included in MTCs. Patients younger than 30 and over 50 years were more likely to cluster. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance and molecular transmission clusters in Shenzhen should raise a high alert. Interventions targeting on patients with strains locating in MTCs should be considered to improve prevention effect in Shenzhen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Hao Li
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yongxia Gan
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071 China.
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Lan Y, He X, Li L, Zhou P, Huang X, Deng X, Li J, Fan Q, Li F, Tang X, Cai W, Hu F. Complicated genotypes circulating among treatment naïve HIV-1 patients in Guangzhou, China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 87:104673. [PMID: 33309773 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Guangzhou city is the political, economic, and cultural center of the Guangdong Province, China. The molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 in Guangzhou are not widely known. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of HIV-1 genotypes among treatment naïve HIV/AIDS patients living in Guangzhou. HIV-1 RNA was extracted from serum specimens. The partial pol gene of the HIV-1 genome was amplified and sequenced. The genotypes were screened using the subtyping tool COMET and further confirmed by phylogenetic analysis, with the exception of the URFs that were analyzed by jpHMM and RIP. The distributions of HIV genotypes in different risk populations were analyzed. Subsequently, pol sequences were used to construct transmission networks and analyze drug resistance. Twelve HIV-1 genotypes including 3 subtypes and 9 CRFs, with several URFs were identified from 1388 HIV-1 sequences, which were derived from 1490 patients. The main genotypes circulating in Guangzhou were CRF07_BC (38.3%), CRF01_AE (32.3%), and CRF55_01B (10.7%). CRF01_AE was the secondary dominant strain and multiple lineages of CRF01_AE had been identified in Guangzhou. The 01B recombinant forms, including CRF55_01B, CRF59_01B and CRF68_01B, have circulated widely in Guangzhou. 42.22% (586/1388) of the study sequences fell into 143 transmission networks, and the three main clusters revealed that sequences from MSM and HET populations were intermixed. 5.40% (75/1388) of patients had pre-treatment drug resistance. The HIV-1 strains that were present in Guangzhou have demonstrated complex genotypes. Particular attention should be given on these genotypes for the further strategy of prevention and intervention of HIV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Pingping Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xuhe Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xizi Deng
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Junbin Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Qinghong Fan
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Feng Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China.
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 627 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510030, China.
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Guan X, Han M, Li Z, Wang L, Zhang D, Zhu Y, Hu G. HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals in Jiangmen, China. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3209-3218. [PMID: 32115719 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Jiangmen is one of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Areas with frequent commercial intercourse, which is responsible for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) rapid circulation and genetic evolution for recent years. As a novel HIV-1 second-generation recombinant was previously reported in Jiangmen but the systematic molecular epidemiological investigation was still unknown. A retrospective study on HIV-1 genotypic characteristics and the emergence of transmitted drug resistance in this region was necessary. A total of 224 newly diagnosed HIV-positive cases were randomly selected in Jiangmen City of Guangdong Province between 2018 and 2019. The partial gag (1080 bp), pol (840 bp), and env (460 bp) genes were amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing. The phylogenetic and recombination analysis as well as HIV-1 drug resistance were performed to surveillance. Sexual transmission was determined to be the major risk factor in Jiangmen. Phylogenetic analysis detected the genotypic distribution as follows: CRF01_AE (36.65%,70 of 191), CRF07_BC (32.46%, 62 of 191), CRF08_BC (4.71%, 9 of 191), CRF55_01B (5.24%, 10 of 191), CRF59_01B (3.14%, 6 of 191), subtype B (4.71%, 9 of 191), subtype C (1.05%, 2 of 191) as well as unique recombinant forms (12.04%, 23 of 191) consisted of seven recombinant patterns, which originated from multiple regions of China. Low-level prevalence of Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutations (2.1%) were predicted but drug-resistant mutations showed at a high level (15.4%) especially mutations in RT gene at position 179 were found to be the most frequent in the therapy-naïve population. Our study highlighted the critical importance of monitoring the emerge of recombinant strains among newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals along with drug resistance regularly to prevent multi-channel introduction and breakout of new HIV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiju Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghe Zhang
- Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Vrancken B, Zhao B, Li X, Han X, Liu H, Zhao J, Zhong P, Lin Y, Zai J, Liu M, Smith DM, Dellicour S, Chaillon A. Comparative Circulation Dynamics of the Five Main HIV Types in China. J Virol 2020; 94:e00683-20. [PMID: 32938762 PMCID: PMC7654276 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00683-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The HIV epidemic in China accounts for 3% of the global HIV incidence. We compared the patterns and determinants of interprovincial spread of the five most prevalent circulating types. HIV pol sequences sampled across China were used to identify relevant transmission networks of the five most relevant HIV-1 types (B and circulating recombinant forms [CRFs] CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, and CRF55_01B) in China. From these, the dispersal history across provinces was inferred. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to test the association between migration rates among provinces and several measures of human mobility. A total of 10,707 sequences were collected between 2004 and 2017 across 26 provinces, among which 1,962 are newly reported here. A mean of 18 (minimum and maximum, 1 and 54) independent transmission networks involving up to 17 provinces were identified. Discrete phylogeographic analysis largely recapitulates the documented spread of the HIV types, which in turn, mirrors within-China population migration flows to a large extent. In line with the different spatiotemporal spread dynamics, the identified drivers thereof were also heterogeneous but are consistent with a central role of human mobility. The comparative analysis of the dispersal dynamics of the five main HIV types circulating in China suggests a key role of large population centers and developed transportation infrastructures as hubs of HIV dispersal. This advocates for coordinated public health efforts in addition to local targeted interventions.IMPORTANCE While traditional epidemiological studies are of great interest in describing the dynamics of epidemics, they struggle to fully capture the geospatial dynamics and factors driving the dispersal of pathogens like HIV as they have difficulties capturing linkages between infections. To overcome this, we used a discrete phylogeographic approach coupled to a generalized linear model extension to characterize the dynamics and drivers of the across-province spread of the five main HIV types circulating in China. Our results indicate that large urbanized areas with dense populations and developed transportation infrastructures are facilitators of HIV dispersal throughout China and highlight the need to consider harmonized country-wide public policies to control local HIV epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Vrancken
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Computational and Evolutionary Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bin Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingguang Li
- Department of Hospital Office, The First People's Hospital of Fangchenggang, Fangchenggang, China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zai
- Immunology innovation Team, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang China
| | - Mingchen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Davey M Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | - Simon Dellicour
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Computational and Evolutionary Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, California, USA
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Chang L, Zhao J, Guo F, Ji H, Zhang L, Jiang X, Wang L. HIV-1 gp41 genetic diversity and enfuvirtide resistance-associated mutations among enfuvirtide-naïve patients in southern China. Virus Res 2020; 292:198215. [PMID: 33166562 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increasing molecular diversity and emergence of drug resistant mutants remain a major concern in China. Enfuvirtide (ENF/T-20) is the first entry inhibitor used in patients failing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, data on HIV-1 gp41genetic diversity and primary ENF resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naïve patients in China is limited. The objective was to identify molecular diversity and ENF resistance patterns of HIV-1 in southern China, using envelope (env) gp41 sequences and bioinformatics tools, which may help optimize antiretroviral therapy. METHODS From November 2018 to January 2019, 439 blood plasma samples from ENF-naïve patients were collected from Shenzhen, Wuhan and Chongqing, of which 396 HIV env regions were sequenced and subtyped, and were performed the analysis of drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs). RESULTS The main subtypes were circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE (30.6 %) and CRF07_BC (48.7 %). CRF55_01B had been the fourth subtype in the study, and many rare CRFs were observed. Notably, CRF02_AG and CRF_BF strains typically found in Africa and US respectively were identified amongst Chinese patients. Known DRMs were detected in 27.5 % (109/396) of ENF treatment-naïve patients. One major DRM (L44 M), many secondary DRMs (including N126 K, E137 K, S138A), and lots of polymorphisms were found in the study, which have been proved to elevate resistance to ENF. CONCLUSIONS HIV-1 molecular diversity was observed in the study, which indicating that HIV-1 variability is becoming increasingly complex in southern China. A diverse set of primary DRMs discovered in this study described the serious threat to ART, which reminds us the urgent need of timely surveillance of HIV-1 viral diversity and drug resistance in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junpeng Zhao
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fei Guo
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huimin Ji
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lunan Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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20
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Wang X, Zhao J, Li X, Li H, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Chen L, Zheng C, Jia L, Han J, Li T, Wang X, Li J, Wen H, Li L. Identification of a novel HIV-1 second-generation Circulating Recombinant Form CRF109_0107 in China. J Infect 2020; 81:816-846. [PMID: 32946916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), 44 Wenhua, West Street, Lixia District, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China; Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), 44 Wenhua, West Street, Lixia District, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China.
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21
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Zhang J, Yao J, Jiang J, Pan X, Luo M, Xia Y, Fan Q, Ding X, Ruan J, Handel A, Bahl J, Chen W, Zha L, Fu T. Migration interacts with the local transmission of HIV in developed trade areas: A molecular transmission network analysis in China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 84:104376. [PMID: 32454244 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The HIV-1 epidemic is a remarkable public health concern in China, especially in developed trade areas. We aimed to investigate the interaction of migration with the local transmission network in a typical trade area, Yiwu City, the world's largest commodity distribution center. Based on 390 pol sequences from 413 participants diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, putative transmission clusters and the underlying demographic and behavioral characteristics were analyzed. Recent infection status was determined by HIV-1 limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay to identify active clusters. Multiple subtypes were identified, with a predominance of CRF01_AE (47.4%) and CRF07_BC (40.8%), followed by 9 other subtypes and 8 URFs. Multivariable analyses revealed that individuals in clusters were more likely to be local residents, infected through heterosexual behaviors, and infected with CRF01_AE (P < .05). Of men who have sex with men (MSM), 81% were linked to other MSM, and only 3% were linked to heterosexual women. Of heterosexual women, 67% were linked to heterosexual men, and 11% to MSM. Yiwu residents were more likely to link to locals than that of migrants (43% vs 20%, P < .001). By contrast, local MSM and migrant MSM all had high percentages of linkage to migrant MSM (57% vs 69%, P = .069). Our findings reveal that migration promotes the dissemination and dynamic change of HIV, which are interwoven between locals and migrants. The results highlight the far-reaching influence of migrant MSM on the local HIV transmission network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jiaming Yao
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
| | - Mingyu Luo
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiaobei Ding
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Informatics Institute, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Justin Bahl
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lianqi Zha
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Yiwu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China.
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22
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Yan H, He W, Huang L, Wu H, Liang Y, Li Q, Shui J, Wang C, Dzakah EE, Han Z, Tang S. The Central Role of Nondisclosed Men Who Have Sex With Men in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Transmission Networks in Guangzhou, China. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa154. [PMID: 32500089 PMCID: PMC7255645 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are vulnerable risk group for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. However, some MSM do not disclose their same-sex behavior and could impact the transmission and prevention of HIV-1 infection. Here, we evaluated the role of nondisclosed MSM in HIV-1 transmission in Guangzhou, China. Methods The HIV-1 pol sequences were obtained from HIV-infected subjects from 2008 to 2015. A transmission network was constructed using HIV TRAnsmission Cluster Engine (HIV-TRACE) at a pairwise genetic distance of 0.5%. The position of nondisclosed MSM in the network was determined by centrality analysis. Results Nondisclosed MSM were inferred in 9.92% (61 of 615) of slightly older, self-reported non-MSM (P = .006). They were more likely to be married (P = .002) and less educated (P < .001) than the MSM with whom they clustered. Closeness centrality was bigger for nondisclosed MSM than for MSM (P < .001), indicating the central position of nondisclosed MSM in the networks. The average shortest path length was smaller for nondisclosed MSM than for MSM (P < .001), whereas radiality was bigger for nondisclosed MSM than for MSM, suggesting a relatively greater contribution of nondisclosed MSM in transmitting HIV-1 than MSM. Assortativity analysis indicated that nondisclosed MSM were more likely to link each other with coefficient of 0.025. Conclusions Nondisclosed MSM are a specific group, and they play an important role in HIV-1 transmission. They could be bisexual and might increase the risk of HIV-1 infection to their sex partners. Therefore, specific prevention and intervention targeting nondisclosed MSM are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyun He
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhao Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Shui
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Emmanuel E Dzakah
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Zhigang Han
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Liang B, Wei Q, Yang Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Chu J, Chen R, Liang H, Ye L. Identification of a Novel HIV-1 CRF55_01B/B Recombinant Isolate in Guangxi, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:434-439. [PMID: 31775514 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic recombination is the driving force in the genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). When multiple subtypes are circulating in the same area of a population, new HIV-1 strains are likely to be generated through recombination. In this study, we report a novel recombinant strain (2018GXQZLSHET001) of HIV-1, isolated from a HIV-1-positive heterosexual individual infected in Guangdong province, who recently lived in Guangxi province, China. Phylogenetic analysis of the near full-length genome suggested that 2018GXQZLSHET001 was a recombinant of strains CRF55_01B and subtype B. Similarity plotting and bootscaning showed that a subtype B segment was inserted into the CRF55_01B genome with one breakpoint in the nef and 3' long terminal repeat regions. Further subregion phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CRF55_01B segment originated from Guangdong. The subtype B segment was similar to a Thai B lineage. This indicated that the strain might be a novel recombinant, comprising sequences of both CRF55_01B and B. The emergence of this unique recombinant strain illustrated the complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic, and the need to strengthen molecular epidemiological surveillance and measures to reduce its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiuyu Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiemei Chu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rongfeng Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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24
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The prevalence, temporal trends, and geographical distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 147:e83. [PMID: 30869019 PMCID: PMC6518548 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818003400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive overview of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes and to investigate temporal and geographical trends of the HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Chinese and English articles published between January 2007 and December 2017 were systematically searched. Pooled HIV-1 prevalence was calculated, and its stability was analysed using sensitivity analysis. Subgroups were based on study time period, sampling area and prevalence. Publication bias was measured using Funnel plot and Egger's test. A total of 68 independent studies that included HIV-1 molecular investigations were eligible for meta-analysis. Circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE (57.36%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 53.76–60.92) was confirmed as the most prevalent HIV-1 subtype among MSM in China. Subgroup analysis for time period found that CRF01_AE steadily increased prior to 2012 but decreased during 2012–2016. Further whereas CRF07_BC increased over time, B/B′ decreased over time. CRF55_01B has increased in recent years, with higher pooled estimated rate in Guangdong (12.22%, 95% CI 10.34–13.17) and Fujian (8.65%, 95% CI 4.98–13.17) provinces. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among MSM in China has changed across different regions and periods. HIV-1 strains in MSM are becoming more complex. Long-term molecular monitoring in this population remains necessary for HIV-1 epidemic control and prevention.
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25
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Abstract
To investigate the genetic diversity, spatiotemporal dynamics, and transmission networks of HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A total of 209 partial pol gene sequences of HIV-1 CRF55_01B were sampled during 2007–2015 from 7 provinces of China. Phylogenetic analyses and trait diffusion process of these sequences were performed using Bayesian methods. Distance-based molecular network analyses were performed to infer putative relationships. Characteristics of genetically linked individuals were analyzed. Our study identified that HIV-1 CRF55_01B likely originated among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangdong province in January 2003 (April 2000–April 2005), and that Guangdong province and MSM are major hubs for the spread of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A Bayesian Skygrid plot revealed that the effective population size of HIV-1 CRF55_01B experienced increased phase followed by a plateau. All sequences from persons of unknown risk clustered within groups who reported MSM risk. This could be because Chinese MSM may not report such risk due to HIV/AIDS-related stigmatization and discrimination. This study inferred the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China at high resolution. The methods developed in this study may be critical for designing effective HIV prevention strategies in China and beyond.
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Han M, Tang S, Li Z, Guan X, Zheng N, Wang L, Zhang D, Hu G. Genetic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B Recombinant Form Identified in Jiangmen, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:134-137. [PMID: 31482714 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
New recombinant variants are a predominant challenge for preventing the spread of the HIV-1 epidemic. In this study, we confirmed a novel HIV-1 CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B recombinant form for the first time, which was isolated from a male patient in Jiangmen, China. The genomic sequence of the variant with four CRF55_01B segments inserted into the CRF07_BC backbone is 8,510 bp in length, extending from nucleotides 669 to 9,293 according to the HXB2 genome. Specifically, the recombinant strain contains site mutations associated with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiju Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Guan
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nancai Zheng
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghe Zhang
- Institute of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Jiangmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Brief Report: Onward Transmission of Multiple HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beijing, China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2019; 81:1-4. [PMID: 30768488 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unique recombinant forms (URFs) were generated in dually infected or multiply infected individuals, and some of URFs can be transmitted to many people resulting in the emergence of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). We examined whether there was evidence for onward transmission of multiple URFs among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing. METHODS A total of 146 MSM subjects with acute/early HIV-1 infection were recruited from the Beijing PRIMO clinical cohort between September 2010 and July 2012. HIV-1 full-length gag and partial pol, env genes were amplified and sequenced separately. Phylogenetic analysis and recombination analysis were performed to determine the viral genotypes. Single genome amplification and direct sequencing were used to confirm onward transmission of URFs. RESULTS CRF01_AE was the most common genotype (51.9%), followed by CRF07_BC (23.0%), subtype B (14.8%), URFs (7.4%), CRF65_cpx (2.2%), and CRF55_01B (0.7%). Multiple forms of URFs were identified, including CRF01_AE/BC, CRF01_AE/B, and CRF01_AE/C. Nine of the 10 individuals harboring URFs were infected by onward transmission of URFs. The remaining one individual was coinfected with CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC variants. CONCLUSIONS We introduced a new method to provide evidence for onward transmission of URF strains by examining the absence of intersubtype coinfection among early infected individuals. Onward transmission of multiple URFs was found among MSM in Beijing, China. Our findings call for a program of continuous molecular surveillance and have implications to prevention programs among MSM in China.
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Liu Y, Li H, Wang X, Han J, Jia L, Li T, Li J, Li L. Natural presence of V179E and rising prevalence of E138G in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in CRF55_01B viruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 77:104098. [PMID: 31678241 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that naturally occurring HIV-1 genetic diversity can have an impact on drug resistance. Recently, our previous study has demonstrated the natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx strains. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of natural drug-resistance mutations (DRMs) in other HIV-1 subtypes or CRFs circulating in China. A total of 14,403 pol sequences from China were retrieved from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database, 10,041 of which were treatment naïve and presented substantial genetic diversity. Besides the natural presence of V179D and K103R/V179D in CRF65_cpx, the natural presence of V179E was found in CRF55_01B. In all but one of the 228 patients infected with CRF55_01B, NNRTI resistance mutation V179E was present and the combination of V179E and E138G was detected in 14 treatment-naïve patients, with a rate of 6.2%. A significant trend for increasing prevalence of E138G mutation in CRF55_01B strains over time was observed (p < .001). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to clarify the epidemiological relationship of CRF55_01B strains. Most of the sequences containing E138G mutation scattered in the big CRF55_01B cluster, which indicated the rising prevalence of E138G was mainly due to multiple mutation events rather than local transmission clusters of a particular variant containing E138G mutation. Our findings highlight the importance of molecular surveillance of CRF55_01B strains and the urgent need for implementation of effective preventive measures to reduce the transmission of CRF55_01B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
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Wu ZL, Guan GY, Zhao JH, Ma XM, Wang XM, Yang DZ, Cao M, Rawle DJ. Dynamic Characteristics and HIV Infection of Men who have Sex with Men from 2011 to 2017 in Yinchuan, Ningxia, China. Curr HIV Res 2019; 16:364-373. [PMID: 30659545 PMCID: PMC6446446 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666190119094035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, an important area for ethnic Hui settlement in Northwest China, is a low HIV prevalence region. However, HIV infection rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ningxia have increased to an alarming level, despite scale-up of control measures in recent years. This study aimed to understand the demographical and sexual behavior dynamics of MSM and to explore the factors associated with HIV infection. METHODS Annual cross-sectional surveys were carried out among MSM during 2011~2017 in Yinchuan, the capital city of Ningxia. Information regarding social demographics, sexual behavior and HIV prevention knowledge was collected. Blood samples were taken for HIV, HCV serological and genetic analysis, and syphilis serological analysis. The dynamic trend was analyzed with trend χ2 test and factors associated with HIV infection were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The study found a decreasing trend for mean age of the MSM population over the study period. MSMs with a college education or higher increased significantly, while the proportions that were in a marriage significantly decreased over the study period. The rate of HIV positive among MSM increased during the study period (p<0.05), however, the rate of recently diagnosed infections decreased from 2012 (p<0.05). Overall, a very high proportion (98%) of MSM had basic knowledge of HIV prevention, however, only approximately 40% of them used condoms consistently during anal sex with male partners. Unprotected anal sex was identified as a risk factor associated with HIV infection, as was syphilis infection. Local residency status and MSM who received intervention and detection services were the factors that decreased HIV infection risk. Sequence analysis identified the HIV-1 CRF55_01B subtype from MSM for the first time in Yinchuan. CONCLUSION The reduction of recent HIV diagnoses is an encouraging sign of successful HIV control measures in MSM in Ningxia. The finding that a high proportion of MSM had knowledge of HIV prevention but still conducted unprotected sex highlights the need for further control measures to change unsafe sexual practices among MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Lan Wu
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Guang-Yu Guan
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhao
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xue-Min Ma
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Xue-Min Wang
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Yang
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Min Cao
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 470 Shengli St. Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China
| | - Daniel J Rawle
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Jia D, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wang X, Jia L, Gui T, Chen L, Zheng C, Han J, Li T, Li J, Li H, Li L. Two-year cross-sectional studies reveal that single, young MSMs in Shenzhen, China are at high risk for HIV infection. Virol J 2019; 16:83. [PMID: 31228958 PMCID: PMC6589171 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shenzhen City is a rapidly growing area with a large number of floating populations, thus making it difficult to control HIV. Serial cross-sectional studies are helpful for the prediction of epidemiological tendency. In this study, two parallel cross-sectional studies were compared to explore changes in HIV epidemiology in Shenzhen, China. METHODS Two hundred and fifty newly reported HIV-positive cases were randomly selected in Shenzhen City in 2013 and 2015. Socio-demographical information was collected with informed consent. Full-length gag and partial pol genes were amplified using nested RT-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The genotypes of anti-HIV drug resistance were also analyzed. The characteristics of the HIV epidemics of 2013 and 2015 were compared to identify patterns. RESULTS The proportion of single, young MSMs dramatically increased in 2015 compared to 2013. Many subtypes, including CRF07_BC (36.4%), CRF01_AE (34.1%), CRF55_01B (10.2%), B (6.4%), CRF08_BC (3.4%), CRF59_01B (0.9%), C (0.7%), D (0.2%), CRF68_01B (0.2%), CRF67_01B (0.2%), and unique recombinant forms (URFs, 7.3%), were identified. Close phylogenetic relationships between strains prevalent in Shenzhen and other areas of China was observed. No epidemic cluster confined to single, young MSMs was identified. 0.4 and 2.8% of the strains contained transmitted drug-resistant mutations in 2013 and 2015, respectively. CONCLUSION Although the interval period is short, changes in HIV epidemiology in Shenzhen City are distinct. Frequent surveillance of HIV epidemics in Shenzhen City is thus necessary. Single, young MSMs have become a high-risk population for HIV infection and should be considered as focus population for HIV prevention and behavior intervention in Shenzhen City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijing Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Tao Gui
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Deng H, Liang S, Liu H, Xu M, Zhuo L, Gao H. Genetic characterization of a novel unique recombinant form of HIV-1 originating from subtype A1 and C in Guangdong Province, China. Arch Virol 2018; 164:285-290. [PMID: 30291501 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The dominant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes are CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC in Guangdong Province, China. In this study, we report a unique recombinant form (URF) of HIV-1 that was identified in an HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) triple-infected patient who was an intravenous drug user (IDU) in Heyuan City, Guangdong Province. The near full-length genome was amplified, and the PCR products were sequenced by Sanger's method. The Recombination Identification Program (RIP 3.0) and jpHMM online tools showed that four subtype C fragments were inserted into the A1 backbone genome in the gag, pol, vpr and nef gene regions. In the phylogenetic tree analysis, the subtype A1 and C fragments clustered with HIV-1 A1 and C reference sequences, respectively. No similar breakpoints between our strain and the other strains in the Los Alamos HIV database were observed. The results of evolutionary analysis using BEAST software showed that the subtype A1 fragment originated from Guangzhou City, China; however, the subtype C fragment originated from East Africa. This is the first report of HIV-1 URF A1C in Guangdong Province, China. The identification of this URF suggested that further dynamic surveillance of new recombinant forms is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 627, East of Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuzhen Liang
- Lin He Street Community Health Service Center, No. 382, North of Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 627, East of Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 627, East of Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhuo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 627, East of Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No. 627, East of Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Yang Y, Zhao XP, Zou HC, Chu MJ, Zhong P, Li XS, Li XY, Yu YH, Zhu KX, Chen YJ, Xia F, Zhu BW, Ruan LQ, Bao YN, Zhuang X. Phylogenetic and temporal dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC among recently infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China, 2012 to 2015: A molecular epidemiology-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9826. [PMID: 29419684 PMCID: PMC5944696 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) among men who have sex with men (MSM) are on the rise throughout China. With a large population of MSM, Jiangsu Province is facing an escalating HIV-1 epidemic.The aim of this study was to explore the phylogenetic and temporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve MSM recently infected with HIV-1 in Jiangsu Province.We recruited MSM in Jiangsu Province (Suzhou, Wuxi, Nantong, Taizhou and Yancheng) 2012 to 2015. We collected information on demographics and sexual behaviors and a blood sample for HIV genome RNA extraction, RT-PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing. Multiple alignments were made using Gene Cutter, with the selected reference sequences of various subtypes/recombinants from the Los Alamos HIV-1 database. Phylogenetic and Bayesian evolutionary analysis was performed by MEGA version 6.0, Fasttree v2.1.7. and BEAST v1.6.2. Categorical variables were analyzed using χ test (or Fisher exact test where necessary). χ test with trend was used to assess the evolution of HIV-1 subtype distribution over time. All data were analyzed using SPSS20.0 software package (IBM Company, New York, NY).HIV-1 phylogenetic analysis revealed a broad viral diversity including CRF01_AE (60.06%), CRF07_BC (22.29%), subtype B (5.88%), CRF67_01B (5.26%), CRF68_01B (2.79%), CRF55_01B (1.55%), CRF59_01B (0.93%), and CRF08_BC (0.62%). Two unique recombination forms (URFs) (0.62%) were also detected. Four epidemic clusters and 1 major cluster in CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC were identified. The introduction of CRF01_AE strain (2001) was earlier than CRF07_BC strain (2004) into MSM resided in Jiangsu based on the time of the most recent common ancestor.Our study demonstrated HIV-1 subtype diversity among ART-naïve MSM recently infected with HIV-1 in Jiangsu. We first depicted the spatiotemporal dynamics, traced the dates of origin for the HIV-1 CRF01_AE/07_BC strains and made inference for the effective population size among newly infected ART-naïve MSM in Jiangsu from 2012 to 2015. A real-time surveillance of HIV-1 viral diversity and phylodynamics of epidemic cluster would be of great value to the monitoring of the epidemic and control of transmission, improvement of antiretroviral therapy strategies, and design of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
- Department of Infection Management Office, the First
Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing,
Jiangsu Province
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for
Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institute for Preventive Medicine,
Shanghai
| | - Xiu-Ping Zhao
- Department of AIDS and STD, Suzhou Center for Disease
Prevention and Control, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Hua-Chun Zou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong Province, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney,
Australia
| | - Min-Jie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for
Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institute for Preventive Medicine,
Shanghai
| | - Xiao-Shan Li
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health
Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
Province
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital; Taipei
Medical University Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Hui Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Ke-Xin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Yu-Jia Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Fei Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Bo-Wen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Luan-Qi Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Yi-Ning Bao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong
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He W, Han X, An M, Hai Y, Chang L, Liu C, Wang L, Shang H. Near Full-Length Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV-1 Second-Generation Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) Detected Among Blood Donors in North China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:1265-1269. [PMID: 28712312 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2017.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel CRF01_AE/07_BC HIV-1 recombinant form, with five breakpoints in the pol, vpr, env, and nef gene regions, was identified from a voluntary blood donor in North China. Our study showed that this HIV-1 recombinant form might be a second-generation recombinant form from two predominant strains in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population, with the CRF07_BC fragments belonging to a CRF07_BC lineage specific to Chinese MSM and the CRF01_AE fragments belonging to the CRF01_AE lineage 5 common among MSM in northern China. Our findings supported the high-risk blood donation behaviors of MSM, implied the increasing complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic among the Chinese MSM population, and called more attention to the effectiveness of the screening test for the growing number of new HIV-1 recombinant forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui An
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Hai
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Chang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunan Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Shang
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Guo Z, Pan X, Zhang W, Yang J, Ding X, Xu Y, Xia Y, Jiang J. Highlighting the crucial role of Hangzhou in HIV-1 transmission among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13892. [PMID: 29066776 PMCID: PMC5656086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a major group for HIV transmission in China. A total of 340 newly reported HIV-infected MSM were recruited proportionally from ten prefectures across Zhejiang province between January and December in 2013. Partial pol gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationship, transmission network and genotypic drug resistance analyses were performed on 311 sequences. HIV-1 subtypes including CRF01_AE (55.9%), CRF07_BC (37.6%), subtype B (1.9%), CRF55_01B (1.3%), CRF68_01B (0.3%), CRF08_BC (0.3%) and URFs (2.6%) were identified. A higher proportion of CRF07_BC and other subtypes existed in the >35 years group, while a higher proportion of CRF01_AE was present in the young group (<35 years). Low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance was found (3.9%, 12/311). Strains with Hangzhou imprints were diffused across the full phylogenetic tree. Moreover, Hangzhou represented the dominant proportion of local HIV transmission (72.0%) and cross-regional transmission (62.4%) based on the provincial transmission network and possessed the largest number of nodes with ≥50 edges, accounting for 50.0% (10/20). The complexity of HIV subtypes and an intertwined network was noticed in MSM in Zhejiang province. Hangzhou likely plays a central regional role in the intra-provincial spread of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Jiezhe Yang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiaobei Ding
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Jianmin Jiang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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Wu Y, Ren X, Yin D, Wang H, Wan Z, Li X, Hu G, Tang S. Characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant form between CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175770. [PMID: 28403241 PMCID: PMC5389846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the genetic diversity of HIV-1 and emergence of novel HIV-1 unique recombinant forms (URF) in both HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IDU) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou, China. We further characterized a novel URF strain isolated from an HIV-infected MSM, GD698. Near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenic analysis showed that this novel URF was composed of CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B, with two recombinant breakpoints (nt 6,003 and 8,251 relative to the HXB2 genome) in the vpu/env and env genes, respectively. Twenty six percent of the genome is classified as CRF55_01B, spanning part of vpu and most of the env gene. The remaining 74% of the genome is classified as CRF07_BC. Both the backbone CRF07_BC sequence and CRF55_01B fragment were clustered with the HIV-1 isolates found in MSM. The emergence of the novel HIV-1 recombinant indicates the ongoing recombinants derived from the CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B isolates, and provides critical insights into our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuqi Ren
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
| | - Shixing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
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36
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Zhang W, Chen J, Pan X, Zhang J, Guo Z, Luo Y, Yang J, Xia Y, He L, Xu Y, Xu K, Ding X. Trends of HIV-1 Subtypes Among Young People in Hangzhou, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:219-227. [PMID: 27762600 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology among young people (18 to 25 years old) in Hangzhou. Plasma samples from 262 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients were collected between 2009 and 2013 from Hangzhou of Zhejiang province. HIV-1 nucleotide sequences of pol gene regions were amplified using a nested polymerase chain reaction method and sequenced. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses were used to determine the HIV-1 genotypes. Based on all sequences generated, the subtype/circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) distribution was as follows: CRF01_AE (68.70%), CRF07_BC (21.54%), subtype B (3.66%), CRF08_BC (2.44%), 01B (2.03%), BC (0.81%), and C (0.41%). We found that the percentage of CRF07_BC was increasing year by year among young people in Hangzhou. Novel CRFs such as CRF67_01B (HZ2011-15 CD4-4516) and CRF68_01B (HZ2011-20 CD4-4530 and HZ2011-29 CD4-4087) were first discovered in the area in this study. Our study presents a molecular epidemiology investigation describing the structure of HIV-1 strains cocirculating in young people in Hangzhou. Increasing CRF07_BC and new CRFs popular in young people are a challenge for future prevention in Hangzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfang Chen
- Hangzhou Centers for Disease Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Hangzhou Centers for Disease Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiezhe Yang
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Hangzhou Centers for Disease Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobei Ding
- Department of AIDS and STD Prevention and Control Institute, Zhejiang Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Li X, Li W, Zhong P, Fang K, Zhu K, Musa TH, Song Y, Du G, Gao R, Guo Y, Yan W, Xuan Y, Wei P. Nationwide Trends in Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2016; 32:851-9. [PMID: 27080587 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the nationwide and regional distribution of HIV-1 genotypes in China in the past three decades, province-specific HIV-1 molecular epidemiology data were derived from 260 independent studies of HIV molecular prevalence through searching PubMed, VIP Chinese Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data from January 1981 to December 2015. The nationwide and regional distribution of HIV-1 genotypes was estimated by weighting the genotype distribution from each province- and risk-specific subpopulation with the number of reported cases in the corresponding subgroups in the relevant periods. A sharp transition of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinant distribution was observed in various risk groups and regions over time. CRF01_AE has rapidly surged among almost all risk groups and in all areas, and it has become dominant among men who have sex with men and heterosexuals. A wide variety of new circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs) were rapidly appearing in several risk groups and regions. After 2007, CRF01_AE was the most prevalent strain, accounting for 42.5% of all national infections, followed by CRF07_BC (28.9%), subtype B'/B (10.9%), CRF08_BC (10.0%), and subtype C (2.8%). URFs and other CRFs were responsible for 2.6% and fewer than 1% of infections nationwide, respectively. The nationwide and regional distributions of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants were sharply shifting in China. CRF01_AE and new CRFs played an increasing role in the nationwide or regional HIV pandemic. The nationwide diversity of HIV-1 poses a formidable challenge to HIV vaccine development and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Li
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and School Health, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Taha Hussein Musa
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Song
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoping Du
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Xuan
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingmin Wei
- Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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38
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Chen X, Ye M, Duo L, Pang W, Smith D, Zhang C, Zheng YT. First description of two new HIV-1 recombinant forms CRF82_cpx and CRF83_cpx among drug users in Northern Myanmar. Virulence 2016; 8:497-503. [PMID: 27574950 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1226722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province , Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China.,b Kunming College of Life Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China
| | - Mei Ye
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province , Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China.,b Kunming College of Life Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China
| | - Lin Duo
- c The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China
| | - Wei Pang
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province , Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China
| | - Davey Smith
- d University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA.,e Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- f Pathogen Diagnostic Center , Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province , Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China
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39
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Zhao J, Chen L, Chaillon A, Zheng C, Cai W, Yang Z, Li G, Gan Y, Wang X, Hu Y, Zhong P, Zhang C, Smith DM. The dynamics of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 2005 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28703. [PMID: 27352965 PMCID: PMC4926087 DOI: 10.1038/srep28703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 epidemics among MSM are a major public health concern in China, especially in large cities. This study sought to better understand the dynamics of HIV molecular epidemiology among MSM in Shenzhen, a rapidly developing city with over 13.8 million people. HIV-1 pol sequences were obtained from 996 (53.5%) of 1862 HIV-infected MSM and 403(9.0%) of 4498 heterosexuals and injection drug users in Shenzhen, China from 2005-2012. Eight HIV-1 subtypes and some inter-subtype recombinants were identified among sampled MSM with CRF07_BC (39.1%) and CRF01_AE (35.1%) being the most predominant. From 2006 to 2012, the prevalence of CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B rapidly increased, while the prevalence of subtypes B and CRF01_AE gradually decreased. The genetic distances within CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B groups were significantly lower than within CRF01_AE and B groups. The vast majority (90.3%) of HIV-1 infected MSM in Shenzhen were migrants who came from 31 of the 34 provinces of China, and these migrants had significantly different HIV-1 subtype distributions from the local MSM. This study highlighted the importance of CRF07_BC and migrants in the changing HIV epidemic among MSM in China, and provides a molecular epidemiology framework for understanding how HIV-1 epidemics can change in large cities with diverse risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wende Cai
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guilian Li
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongxia Gan
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihong Hu
- Pathogen Diagnostic Center, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Pathogen Diagnostic Center, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Davey M Smith
- Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Pathogen Diagnostic Center, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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40
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Zeng H, Li T, Wang Y, Sun B, Yang R. The Epidemic Dynamics of Four Major Lineages of HIV-1 CRF01_AE Strains After Their Introduction into China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2016; 32:420-6. [PMID: 26830205 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2015.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in China was driven by multiple lineages of HIV-1 viruses introduced in the 1990s and increasing; it is important to investigate their epidemic status in China. In this study, we download all available CRF01_AE sequences (n = 2,931) from China and their associated epidemiological information in the Los Alamos HIV database for our analysis to explore their epidemic status in China. The results showed there were 11 distinct clusters of CRF01_AE strains in China, and 4 major clusters that accounted for 80.0% (1,793/2,241) of Chinese CRF01_AE strains in total had led a real epidemic. Clusters 1 and 2 were epidemic among heterosexuals and injecting drug users in southern and southwestern China, while Clusters 3 and 4 were predominant among homosexuals in eastern and central China and northeastern China, respectively. HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains detected in heterosexuals had the most complex characteristic, underscoring its important role in the occurrence of multiple CRF01_AE lineages. Furthermore, epidemic history reconstruction analysis using the birth-death susceptible-infected-removed package revealed that the four clusters had gone through varying epidemic stages. Clusters 2 and 3 were near the peak of the local epidemic, while Clusters 1 and 4 were just in the very early stage of their epidemic. The epidemic status of CRF01_AE clusters in the future is mainly determined by the effect of prevention and control. Our study provides new insights into the understanding of the epidemic dynamics of CRF01_AE in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zeng
- Research Group of HIV Molecular Epidemiology and Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Research Group of HIV Molecular Epidemiology and Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Group of HIV Molecular Epidemiology and Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Binlian Sun
- Research Group of HIV Molecular Epidemiology and Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongge Yang
- Research Group of HIV Molecular Epidemiology and Virology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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41
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Han X, Takebe Y, Zhang W, An M, Zhao B, Hu Q, Xu J, Wu H, Wu J, Lu L, Chen X, Liang S, Wang Z, Yan H, Fu J, Cai W, Zhuang M, Liao C, Shang H. A Large-scale Survey of CRF55_01B from Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in China: implying the Evolutionary History and Public Health Impact. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18147. [PMID: 26667846 PMCID: PMC4678862 DOI: 10.1038/srep18147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 epidemic among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) continues to expand in China, involving the co-circulation of several different lineages of HIV-1 strains, including subtype B and CRF01_AE. This expansion has created conditions that facilitate the generation of new recombinant strains. A molecular epidemiologic survey among MSM in 11 provinces/cities around China was conducted from 2008 to 2013. Based on pol nucleotide sequences, a total of 19 strains (1.95%) belonged to the CRF55_01B were identified from 975 MSM in 7 provinces, with the prevalence range from 1.5% to 12.5%. Near full length genome (NFLG) sequences from six epidemiologically-unlinked MSM were amplified for analyzing evolutionary history, an identical genome structure composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B with four unique recombination breakpoints in the pol region were identified. Bayesian molecular clock analyses for both CRF01_AE and B segments indicated that the estimated time of the most recent common ancestors of CRF55_01B was around the year 2000. Our study found CRF55_01B has spread throughout the most provinces with high HIV-1 prevalence and highlights the importance of continual surveillance of dynamic changes in HIV-1 strains, the emergence of new recombinants, and the need for implementing effective prevention measures specifically targeting the MSM population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Han
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yutaka Takebe
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minghui An
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinghai Hu
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Infectious Diseases Department, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Sexually transmitted Disease and AIDS Department, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Chen
- AIDS/STIs Prevention and Control Department, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Shu Liang
- Sichuan provincial center for disease control and prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjing Yan
- Sexually Transmitted Disease and AIDS Prevention and Control Department, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihua Fu
- Sexually transmitted Disease and AIDS Department, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Infectious Disease Department, Guangzhou No. 8 Renmin Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghua Zhuang
- Sexually transmitted Disease and AIDS Department, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina Liao
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Shang
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Liu Y, Gui T, Jia L, Li L, Bao Z, Li H, Wang X, Liu S, Zhuang D, Li T, Li J. Phylogenetic Analysis of HIV-1 CRF65_CPX Reveals Yunnan Province Is Still a Source Contributing to the Spread of HIV-1 in China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015; 70:e120-2. [DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Phanuphak N, Lo YR, Shao Y, Solomon SS, O'Connell RJ, Tovanabutra S, Chang D, Kim JH, Excler JL. HIV Epidemic in Asia: Implications for HIV Vaccine and Other Prevention Trials. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2015; 31:1060-76. [PMID: 26107771 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2015.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An overall decrease of HIV prevalence is now observed in several key Asian countries due to effective prevention programs. The decrease in HIV prevalence and incidence may further improve with the scale-up of combination prevention interventions. The implementation of future prevention trials then faces important challenges. The opportunity to identify heterosexual populations at high risk such as female sex workers may rapidly wane. With unabating HIV epidemics among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) populations, an effective vaccine would likely be the only option to turn the epidemic. It is more likely that efficacy trials will occur among MSM and TG because their higher HIV incidence permits smaller and less costly trials. The constantly evolving patterns of HIV-1 diversity in the region suggest close monitoring of the molecular HIV epidemic in potential target populations for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. CRF01_AE remains predominant in southeast Asian countries and MSM populations in China. This relatively steady pattern is conducive to regional efficacy trials, and as efficacy warrants, to regional licensure. While vaccines inducing nonneutralizing antibodies have promise against HIV acquisition, vaccines designed to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies and cell-mediated immune responses of greater breadth and depth in the mucosal compartments should be considered for testing in MSM and TG. The rationale and design of efficacy trials of combination prevention modalities such as HIV vaccine and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) remain hypothetical, require high adherence to PrEP, are more costly, and present new regulatory challenges. The prioritization of prevention interventions should be driven by the HIV epidemic and decided by the country-specific health and regulatory authorities. Modeling the impact and cost-benefit may help this decision process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying-Ru Lo
- HIV, Hepatitis, and STI Unit, WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yiming Shao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Sunil Suhas Solomon
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Robert J. O'Connell
- Department of Retrovirology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - David Chang
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jerome H. Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jean Louis Excler
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
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44
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Li X, Xue Y, Cheng H, Lin Y, Zhou L, Ning Z, Wang X, Yu X, Zhang W, Shen F, Zheng X, Gai J, Li X, Kang L, Nyambi P, Wang Y, Zhuang M, Pan Q, Zhuang X, Zhong P. HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Its Impact on Baseline CD4+T Cells and Viral Loads among Recently Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shanghai, China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129559. [PMID: 26121491 PMCID: PMC4486722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been spreading throughout China. Shanghai, a central gathering place for MSM, is facing a continuously increasing incidence of HIV-1 infection. In order to better understand the dynamics of HIV-1 diversity and its influence on patient's immune status at baseline on diagnosis, 1265 newly HIV-1-infected MSM collected from January 2009 to December 2013 in Shanghai were retrospectively analyzed for genetic subtyping, CD4+T cell counts, and viral loads. HIV-1 phylogenetic analysis revealed a broad viral diversity including CRF01_AE (62.13%), CRF07_BC (24.51%), subtype B (8.06%), CRF55_01B (3.24%), CER67_01B (0.95%), CRF68_01B (0.4%), CRF08_BC (0.08%) and CRF59_01B (0.08%). Twenty-four unique recombination forms (URFs) (1.98%) were identified as well. Bayesian inference analysis indicated that the introduction of CRF01_AE strain (1997) was earlier than CRF07_BC strain (2001) into MSM population in Shanghai based on the time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA). Three epidemic clusters and five sub-clusters were found in CRF01_AE. Significantly lower CD4+T cell count was found in individuals infected with CRF01_AE than in those infected with CRF07_BC infection (P<0.01), whereas viral load was significantly higher those infected with CRF01_AE than with CRF07_BC (P<0.01). In addition, the patients with >45 years of age were found to have lower CD4+T cell counts and higher viral loads than the patients with <25 years of age (P<0.05). This study reveals the presence of HIV-1 subtype diversity in Shanghai and its remarkable influence on clinical outcome. A real-time surveillance of HIV-1 viral diversity and phylodynamics of epidemic cluster, patient's baseline CD4+T cell count and viral load would be of great value to monitoring of disease progression, intervention for transmission, improvement of antiretroviral therapy strategy and design of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Public Health College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yile Xue
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leiming Zhou
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Ning
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuqin Wang
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangwei Shen
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Gai
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshan Li
- Public Health College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Laiyi Kang
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Phillipe Nyambi
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - Ying Wang
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghua Zhuang
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qichao Pan
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Public Health College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gui T, Zhao J, Sun C, Chen L, Liu Y, Zheng C, Li H, Li T, Bao Z, Wang X, Li J, Li L. Genetic Characterization of a Unique Recombinant Originating from CRF55_01B, CRF01_AE, and CRF07_BC in Shenzhen, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2015; 31:559-63. [PMID: 25748656 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple subtypes were found to be epidemic in the Shenzhen men who have sex with men (MSM) population, which always predicts the emergence of a unique recombinant. In 2012, CRF55_01B was first reported, which later was proven to have originated in MSM in Shenzhen city. In this study, we reported a unique recombinant form (URF) of HIV-1 identified in a man who has had sex with men in Shenzhen city. The strain showed a genomic schematic map similar to CRF55_01B with subtype C segments inserted in the gag and pol genes. The full-length genome was amplified in two halves with 1-kb overlap regions. The PCR products were cloned and sequenced. A recombination detection program showed that two subtype C fragments and two subtype B fragments were inserted into the CRF01_AE backbone genome in the gag and pol regions. In the phylogenetic tree, the subtype C fragments clustered with CRF07_BC variants and the other segments grouped with CRF55_01B strains except for one segment that clustered with CRF01_AE. Similar breakpoints between our strain and CRF65_cpx were also observed. The data suggested that the URF strain might be the recombinant form of CRF55_01B, CRF01_AE, and CRF07_BC. This is the first report of a third generation of recombination of HIV-1 that originated from CRF55_01B in China. The identification of the URF indicated the severity of the HIV epidemic in Shenzhen MSM and the urgent need for epidemiological surveillance of the new recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gui
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changrong Sun
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Chenli Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanping Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoyi Bao
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of AIDS Research, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Guo Z, Yang J, Pan X, Jiang J, Ding X, Zhang W, Xia Y, Xu Y, Huang J. Genetic diversity of HIV-1 and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed individuals with HIV infection in Hangzhou, China. J Med Virol 2015; 87:1668-76. [PMID: 25899877 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
HIV transmitted drug resistance (TDR) can compromise antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited countries like China where ART has been scaled up and thus leads to an important public health concern. The aim of the study was to elucidate the HIV-1 genetic characteristics and TDR in Hangzhou, China. Two-hundred eleven ART-naive, newly diagnosed individuals were enrolled during January and August 2013. Specimens were classified as recent or chronic infections using the BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA). The pol fragment covering the entire protease and the first 300 codons of the reverse transcriptase gene was amplified by RT-PCR and nested PCR. Genotypic drug resistance (DR) and phylogenetic analysis were performed on the 200 obtained sequences. Multiple genotypes were identified, including CRF01_AE (62.0%), CRF07_BC (31.0%), subtype B (2.0%), CRF08_BC (1.5%), CRF55_01B (1.0%), CRF18_cpx (0.5%), and unique recombinant forms (URFs, 2.0%). All the four URFs were found in men who have sex with men, consisting of a recombination of CRF01_AE with subtype B or CRF07_BC. The prevalence of primary DR in newly diagnosed individuals in Hangzhou was low (4.0%). The proportion of DR mutation to protease inhibitors (PIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was 1.5%, 1.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. BED-CEIA revealed that 21.8% (45/211) of the specimens were associated with recent infections. The prevalence of TDR in recent infections was moderate (6.5%). High HIV diversity and relatively high prevalence of TDR in new infections has been found in Hangzhou, indicating an increasing challenge for future HIV prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiezhe Yang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobei Ding
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of HIV/AIDS & STD control and prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Cross-border sexual transmission of the newly emerging HIV-1 clade CRF51_01B. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111236. [PMID: 25340817 PMCID: PMC4207770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel HIV-1 recombinant clade (CRF51_01B) was recently identified among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Singapore. As cases of sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection increase concurrently in two socioeconomically intimate countries such as Malaysia and Singapore, cross transmission of HIV-1 between said countries is highly probable. In order to investigate the timeline for the emergence of HIV-1 CRF51_01B in Singapore and its possible introduction into Malaysia, 595 HIV-positive subjects recruited in Kuala Lumpur from 2008 to 2012 were screened. Phylogenetic relationship of 485 amplified polymerase gene sequences was determined through neighbour-joining method. Next, near-full length sequences were amplified for genomic sequences inferred to be CRF51_01B and subjected to further analysis implemented through Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling and maximum likelihood methods. Based on the near full length genomes, two isolates formed a phylogenetic cluster with CRF51_01B sequences of Singapore origin, sharing identical recombination structure. Spatial and temporal information from Bayesian MCMC coalescent and maximum likelihood analysis of the protease, gp120 and gp41 genes suggest that Singapore is probably the country of origin of CRF51_01B (as early as in the mid-1990s) and featured a Malaysian who acquired the infection through heterosexual contact as host for its ancestral lineages. CRF51_01B then spread rapidly among the MSM in Singapore and Malaysia. Although the importation of CRF51_01B from Singapore to Malaysia is supported by coalescence analysis, the narrow timeframe of the transmission event indicates a closely linked epidemic. Discrepancies in the estimated divergence times suggest that CRF51_01B may have arisen through multiple recombination events from more than one parental lineage. We report the cross transmission of a novel CRF51_01B lineage between countries that involved different sexual risk groups. Understanding the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 involving sexual networks is crucial for effective intervention strategies in the region.
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