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Ramos-Regalado L, Alcover S, Badimon L, Vilahur G. The Influence of Metabolic Risk Factors on the Inflammatory Response Triggered by Myocardial Infarction: Bridging Pathophysiology to Treatment. Cells 2024; 13:1125. [PMID: 38994977 PMCID: PMC11240659 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) sets off a complex inflammatory cascade that is crucial for effective cardiac healing and scar formation. Yet, if this response becomes excessive or uncontrolled, it can lead to cardiovascular complications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the tightly regulated local inflammatory response triggered in the early post-MI phase involving cardiomyocytes, (myo)fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and infiltrating immune cells. Next, we explore how the bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis (such as in the spleen) contribute to sustaining immune cell supply at a cardiac level. Lastly, we discuss recent findings on how metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, and hypertension, disrupt this immunological response and explore the potential modulatory effects of lifestyle habits and pharmacological interventions. Understanding how different metabolic risk factors influence the inflammatory response triggered by MI and unraveling the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms may pave the way for developing personalized therapeutic approaches based on the patient's metabolic profile. Similarly, delving deeper into the impact of lifestyle modifications on the inflammatory response post-MI is crucial. These insights may enable the adoption of more effective strategies to manage post-MI inflammation and improve cardiovascular health outcomes in a holistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisaidy Ramos-Regalado
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià Alcover
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Ciber CV, Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Ciber CV, Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Yu Y, Yang X, Wu J, Hu G, Bai S, Yu R. A Mendelian randomization study of the effect of mental disorders on cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1329463. [PMID: 38887450 PMCID: PMC11180800 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1329463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The effect of mental disorders (MD) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial, and this study aims to analyze the causal relationship between eight MD and CVD by Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anorexia nervosa (AN), anxiety disorder (ANX), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and CVD were obtained from UK Biobank and FinnGen. Exposure-outcome causality was tested using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median. Horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed by MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q, respectively, while stability of results was assessed by leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Results MR analysis showed that ANX (IVW [odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.07-1.15, p < 0.001]; MR-Egger [OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92-1.14, p = 0.652]; weighted median [OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.14, p = 0.001]), ASD (IVW [OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.09, p = 0.039]; MR-Egger [OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.84-1.07, p = 0.411]; weighted median [OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96-1.06, p = 0.805]), depression (IVW [OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.19, p < 0.001]; MR-Egger [OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.96-1.26, p = 0.169]; weighted median [OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08-1.19, p < 0.001]) were significantly associated with increased risk of CVD, whereas ADHD, AN, BD, OCD, and SCZ were not significantly associated with CVD (p > 0.05). Intercept analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Cochran's Q showed no heterogeneity except for BD (p = 0.035). Sensitivity analysis suggested that these results were robust. Conclusions ANX, ASD, and depression are associated with an increased risk of CVD, whereas AN, ADHD, BD, OCD, and SCZ are not causally associated with CVD. Active prevention and treatment of ANX, ASD, and depression may help reduce the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Hu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyang Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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3
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Nagy A, Börzsei D, Hoffmann A, Török S, Veszelka M, Almási N, Varga C, Szabó R. A Comprehensive Overview on Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Insights into the Underlying Inflammatory and Oxidative Mechanisms. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024:10.1007/s10557-024-07574-0. [PMID: 38492161 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-024-07574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
While oncotherapy has made rapid progress in recent years, side effects of anti-cancer drugs and treatments have also come to the fore. These side effects include cardiotoxicity, which can cause irreversible cardiac damages with long-term morbidity and mortality. Despite the continuous in-depth research on anti-cancer drugs, an improved knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of cardiotoxicity are necessary for early detection and management of cardiac risk. Although most reviews focus on the cardiotoxic effect of a specific individual chemotherapeutic agent, the aim of our review is to provide comprehensive insight into various agents that induced cardiotoxicity and their underlying mechanisms. Characterization of these mechanisms are underpinned by research on animal models and clinical studies. In order to gain insight into these complex mechanisms, we emphasize the role of inflammatory processes and oxidative stress on chemotherapy-induced cardiac changes. A better understanding and identification of the interplay between chemotherapy and inflammatory/oxidative processes hold some promise to prevent or at least mitigate cardiotoxicity-associated morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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Zhang S, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhou X, Wang X, Chen Y, Miao X, Zhu Y, Jiang W. Effect and mechanism of Qing Gan Zi Shen decoction on heart damage induced by obesity and hypertension. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117163. [PMID: 37741474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qing Gan Zi Shen Decoction (QGZS) is a traditional Chinese formula. It has been extensively used for decades in the treatment of hypertension combined with metabolic diseases, but its cardioprotective effects and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the cardioprotective effects and potential mechanisms of QGZS in an animal model of obese hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were utilized as an animal model to examine the effects of a high-fat diet and two concentrations of QGZS. Echocardiography, hematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining, and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining were employed to assess the cardiac structure and function of the SHRs throughout a 16-week therapy period. Furthermore, Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) were employed to identify the levels of Nrf2 expression in the mitochondria, cytoplasm, and nucleus of the myocardium. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were utilized to measure mitochondrial morphology and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, respectively. Furthermore, Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques were employed to quantify the levels of marker proteins associated with myocardial fibrosis, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. RESULTS QGZS inhibited weight gain and depressed systolic and mean arterial pressures in high-fat-fed SHRs. Echocardiographic results demonstrated that QGZS prevented the increase in left ventricular mass, restricted the growth of left ventricular diameter, and improved ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and the ratio of early diastolic peak velocity of transmitral flow (E) to late diastolic peak velocity (A) in high-fat-fed SHRs. This suggested that QGZS prevented ventricular remodeling and protected cardiac systolic and diastolic functions. H&E and WGA staining showed that QGZS improved cardiomyocyte disorders and restricted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The underlying mechanisms, QGZS attenuated the oxidative stress state, including reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the myocardium, revitalizing the antioxidant enzyme system, and protecting mitochondrial function. Moreover, QGZS alleviated the pro-inflammatory state in high-fat-fed SHRs. What's more, QGZS significantly increased the expression level of Nrf2 in nuclei and mitochondria in rat heart tissues, exerting a proximate Nrf2 agonist effect. CONCLUSIONS QGZS exerted cardioprotective effects, in part due to its increasing expression of Nrf2 protein in the heart, which promoted Nrf2 nuclear expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zitian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaonian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiuming Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Miao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Szustkiewicz-Karoń A, Schönborn M, Patrycja Pasieka, Płotek A, Maga P, Gregorczyk-Maga I. Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases in Saliva and Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Review. Angiology 2023; 74:909-947. [PMID: 36268801 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221134757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the fact that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the most serious problem in public health, there is a need for new and efficient methods for screening and early detection. In the recent literature, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) have been gaining recognition as sources of many potential biomarkers of various systemic diseases, mainly because of correlation between the level of some compounds in the blood and saliva and association between the composition of saliva and health status. In this review, we summarize published findings of patients with atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and stroke in the context of clinical utility of saliva and GCF in diagnosing and assessing CVD severity. We hypothesize that substances in saliva including inflammatory markers, enzymes, or hormones might become novel contributors to the diagnosis and screening of CVDs. In particular, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα), and cortisol seem to be the most promising. However, further investigation is warranted to determine the most effective markers and methods for their analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martyna Schönborn
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Angiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Pasieka
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Angiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Płotek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Angiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Maga
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Angiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Gregorczyk-Maga
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Lenz M, Kiss A, Haider P, Salzmann M, Brekalo M, Krychtiuk KA, Hamza O, Huber K, Hengstenberg C, Podesser BK, Wojta J, Hohensinner PJ, Speidl WS. Short-term toll-like receptor 9 inhibition leads to left ventricular wall thinning after myocardial infarction. ESC Heart Fail 2023. [PMID: 37190856 PMCID: PMC10375131 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) following myocardial infarction remains a challenging topic in acute cardiac care and consecutively arising heart failure represents a severe long-term consequence. The extent of neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil-mediated cellular damage are thought to be aggravating factors enhancing primary tissue injury. Toll-like receptor 9 was found to be involved in neutrophil activation as well as chemotaxis and may represent a target in modulating IRI, aspects we aimed to illuminate by pharmacological inhibition of the receptor. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-nine male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used. IRI was induced by occlusion of the left coronary artery and subsequent snare removal after 30 min. Oligonucleotide (ODN) 2088, a toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) antagonist, control-ODN, or DNase, were administered at the time of reperfusion and over 24 h via a mini-osmotic pump. The hearts were harvested 24 h or 4 weeks after left coronary artery occlusion and immunohistochemical staining was performed. Echocardiography was done after 1 and 4 weeks to determine ventricular function. Inhibition of TLR9 by ODN 2088 led to left ventricular wall thinning (P = 0.003) in association with drastically enhanced neutrophil infiltration (P = 0.005) and increased markers of tissue damage. Additionally, an up-regulation of the chemotactic receptor CXCR2 (P = 0.046) was found after TLR9 inhibition. No such effects were observed in control-ODN or DNase-treated animals. We did not observe changes in monocyte content or subset distribution, hinting towards neutrophils as the primary mediators of the exerted tissue injury. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a TLR9-dependent, negative regulation of neutrophil infiltration. Blockage of TLR9 appears to prevent the down-regulation of CXCR2, followed by an uncontrolled migration of neutrophils towards the area of infarction and the exertion of disproportional tissue injury resulting in potential aneurysm formation. In comparison with previous studies conducted in TLR-/- mice, we deliberately chose a transient pharmacological inhibition of TLR9 to highlight effects occurring in the first 24 h following IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Lenz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mira Brekalo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantin A Krychtiuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ouafa Hamza
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department for Cardiology and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wilhelminenhospital and Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp J Hohensinner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter S Speidl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Rajak P, Roy S, Podder S, Dutta M, Sarkar S, Ganguly A, Mandi M, Dutta A, Nanda S, Khatun S. Synergistic action of organophosphates and COVID-19 on inflammation, oxidative stress, and renin-angiotensin system can amplify the risk of cardiovascular maladies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 456:116267. [PMID: 36240863 PMCID: PMC9554205 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, widely used as pesticides in agricultural fields. In addition, they serve as flame-retardants, plasticizers, antifoaming or antiwear agents in lacquers, hydraulic fluids, and floor polishing agents. Therefore, world-wide and massive application of these compounds have increased the risk of unintentional exposure to non-targets including the human beings. OPs are neurotoxic agents as they inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase at synaptic cleft. Moreover, they can fuel cardiovascular issues in the form of myocardities, cardiac oedema, arrhythmia, systolic malfunction, infarction, and altered electrophysiology. Such pathological outcomes might increase the severity of cardiovascular diseases which are the leading cause of mortality in the developing world. Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is the ongoing global health emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Similar to OPs, SARS-CoV-2 disrupts cytokine homeostasis, redox-balance, and angiotensin-II/AT1R axis to promote cardiovascular injuries. Therefore, during the current pandemic milieu, unintentional exposure to OPs through several environmental sources could escalate cardiac maladies in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Rajak
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India,Corresponding author
| | - Sumedha Roy
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Moumita Dutta
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Saurabh Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, Gushkara Mahavidyalaya; Gushkara, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhratanu Ganguly
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Moutushi Mandi
- Toxicology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Anik Dutta
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Govt. College, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantani Nanda
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Salma Khatun
- Department of Zoology, Krishna Chandra College, Hetampur, West Bengal, India
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8
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Dursa EK, Cao G, Porter B, Culpepper WJ, Schneiderman AI. The Health of Gulf War and Gulf Era Veterans Over Time: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' Gulf War Longitudinal Study. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:889-894. [PMID: 34483304 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the self-reported physical and mental health over the course over 19 years of follow up of a population-based cohort of Gulf War and Gulf Era veterans. METHODS A multi-modal health survey of 6338 Gulf War and Gulf Era veterans who participated in all three waves of the longitudinal study. RESULTS Gulf War and Gulf War Era veterans experienced an increase in prevalence of chronic disease over time. The adjusted odds ratios suggest that Gulf War veterans not only had significantly higher odds of reporting medical conditions, but also began to report them earlier. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this analysis suggest that Gulf War veterans are not only more likely than their non-deployed counterparts to report chronic disease, they were more likely to report it earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Dursa
- Post Deployment Health Services, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC (Dr Dursa, Dr Culpepper, and Dr Schneiderman); Hines VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, Hines, Illinois (Dr Dursa and Ms Cao); Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi (Dr Porter)
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9
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de Seabra Rodrigues Dias IR, Lo HH, Zhang K, Law BYK, Nasim AA, Chung SK, Wong VKW, Liu L. Potential therapeutic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105696. [PMID: 34052360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which affects about 0.5-1% of people with symptoms that significantly impact a sufferer's lifestyle. The cells involved in propagating RA tend to display pro-inflammatory and cancer-like characteristics. Medical drug treatment is currently the main avenue of RA therapy. However, drug options are limited due to severe side effects, high costs, insufficient disease retardation in a majority of patients, and therapeutic effects possibly subsiding over time. Thus there is a need for new drug therapies. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a condition due to accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, and subsequent cellular responses have been found to be involved in cancer and inflammatory pathologies, including RA. ER stress protein markers and their modulation have therefore been suggested as therapeutic targets, such as GRP78 and CHOP, among others. Some current RA therapeutic drugs have been found to have ER stress-modulating properties. Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) frequently use natural products that affect multiple body and cellular targets, and several medicines and/or their isolated compounds have been found to also have ER stress-modulating capabilities, including TCMs used in RA treatment by Chinese Medicine practitioners. This review encourages, in light of the available information, the study of these RA-treating, ER stress-modulating TCMs as potential new pharmaceutical drugs for use in clinical RA therapy, along with providing a list of other ER stress-modulating TCMs utilized in treatment of cancers, inflammatory diseases and other diseases, that have potential use in RA treatment given similar ER stress-modulating capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Ricardo de Seabra Rodrigues Dias
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hang Hong Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China
| | - Ali Adnan Nasim
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
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10
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The health outcomes of inflammation and obesity in patients with heart failure. Heart Lung 2020; 49:896-901. [PMID: 32507469 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, higher body mass index is related to longer event-free survival in patients with heart failure (HF). While previous research demonstrated that higher levels of inflammatory mediators were associated with shorter event-free survival, the effect of inflammation on the association between obesity and outcomes of HF have not been considered. HYPOTHESIS Based on the obesity paradox, we hypothesized that patients with higher baseline body mass index (BMI) would experience better event-free survival than those with lower BMI regardless of inflammatory status. METHOD A sample of 415 patients with HF (age 61 ± 11.5 years; 31% female) provided blood to measure soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor1 (sTNFR1), a biomarker of inflammation. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on BMI and a median split of sTNFR1 levels: (1) high BMI ≥ 30 and sTNFR1 > 1804 pg/ml, (2) high BMI ≥ 30 and low sTNFR1 ≤ 1804 pg/ml, and (3) low BMI < 30 and high sTNFR1 > 1804 pg/ml vs. (4) low BMI < 30 and sTNFR1 ≤ 1804 pg/ml. Patients were followed for an average of 365 days to determine the time to first event of either all-cause hospitalization or death. RESULTS There were 177 patients (43%) who experienced either an all-cause hospitalization or death. In a Cox regression, high BMI and high sTNFR1 category predicted time to event (hazard ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-2.9) with age, gender, race, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association functional class (I/II versus III/IV), log-transformed N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, prescribed statin (yes/no), and comorbidity as covariates. CONCLUSION Being in a higher inflammation group was associated with shorter event-free survival regardless of BMI. This study provides evidence that inflammation is an important consideration in the association between obesity and better outcomes in patients with HF.
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Tartuce LP, Pacheco Brandt F, Dos Santos Pedroso G, Rezende Farias H, Barros Fernandes B, da Costa Pereira B, Gonçalves Machado A, Feuser PE, Lock Silveira PC, Tiscoski Nesi R, da Silva Paula MM, Andrades M, de Pinho RA. 2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile-conjugated gold nanoparticles improves redox and inflammatory profile in infarcted rats. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 192:111012. [PMID: 32388028 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The tissue response to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is key to avoiding heart complications due to inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents can minimize the effects of AMI. This study investigated the role of 2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (MIBI)-associated gold nanoparticles (AuNP) on reperfusion injury after ischemia and its effect on cardiac remodeling in an experimental AMI model. Three-month-old Wistar rats were subjected to a temporary blockade of the anterior descending artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion after 24 h and 7 days by intraventricularly administering 0.4, 1.3, and 3 mg/kg AuNP-MIBI. The cardiac toxicity and renal and hepatic function levels were determined, and the infarct and peri-infarct regions were surgically removed for histopathology, analysis of inflammation from oxidative stress, and echocardiography. MIBI-conjugated AuNP promoted changes in oxidative stress and inflammation depending on the concentrations used, suggesting promising applicability for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Dos Santos Pedroso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Hemelin Rezende Farias
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barros Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bárbara da Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Emílio Feuser
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Renata Tiscoski Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Andrades
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Aurino de Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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12
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Gusev EY, Zotova NV. Cellular Stress and General Pathological Processes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:251-297. [PMID: 31198111 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190319114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
From the viewpoint of the general pathology, most of the human diseases are associated with a limited number of pathogenic processes such as inflammation, tumor growth, thrombosis, necrosis, fibrosis, atrophy, pathological hypertrophy, dysplasia and metaplasia. The phenomenon of chronic low-grade inflammation could be attributed to non-classical forms of inflammation, which include many neurodegenerative processes, pathological variants of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and other manifestations of the endothelial dysfunction. Individual and universal manifestations of cellular stress could be considered as a basic element of all these pathologies, which has both physiological and pathophysiological significance. The review examines the causes, main phenomena, developmental directions and outcomes of cellular stress using a phylogenetically conservative set of genes and their activation pathways, as well as tissue stress and its role in inflammatory and para-inflammatory processes. The main ways towards the realization of cellular stress and its functional blocks were outlined. The main stages of tissue stress and the classification of its typical manifestations, as well as its participation in the development of the classical and non-classical variants of the inflammatory process, were also described. The mechanisms of cellular and tissue stress are structured into the complex systems, which include networks that enable the exchange of information with multidirectional signaling pathways which together make these systems internally contradictory, and the result of their effects is often unpredictable. However, the possible solutions require new theoretical and methodological approaches, one of which includes the transition to integral criteria, which plausibly reflect the holistic image of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeny Yu Gusev
- Laboratory of the Immunology of Inflammation, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Zotova
- Laboratory of the Immunology of Inflammation, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Ural Federal University named after B.N.Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
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13
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The role of MicroRNAs on endoplasmic reticulum stress in myocardial ischemia and cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Jia S, Yang S, Du P, Gao K, Cao Y, Yao B, Guo R, Zhao M. Regulatory Factor X1 Downregulation Contributes to Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Overexpression in CD14+ Monocytes via Epigenetic Mechanisms in Coronary Heart Disease. Front Genet 2019; 10:1098. [PMID: 31737059 PMCID: PMC6838212 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) affects the chemotaxis of monocytes and is a key chemokine closely related to the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Compared with healthy controls, coronary heart disease (CAD) patients show significantly upregulated plasma concentrations and mRNA expression of MCP1 in CD14+ monocytes. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of MCP1 overexpression in AS is still unclear. Our previous research indicated that there was no significant difference in the H3K4 and H3K27 tri-methylation of the MCP1 promoter in CD14+ monocytes from CAD versus non-CAD patients, but the H3 and H4 acetylation of the MCP1 promoter was increased in CD14+ monocytes from CAD patients. We further found that the H3K9 tri-methylation of the MCP1 promoter in CD14+ monocytes from CAD patients was decreased, but the DNA methylation levels did not differ markedly from those in non-CAD patients. Our previous work showed that the level of regulatory factor X1 (RFX1) was markedly reduced in CD14+ monocytes from CAD patients and played an important role in the progression of AS by regulating epigenetic modification. In this study, we investigated whether RFX1 and epigenetic modifications mediated by RFX1 contribute to the overexpression of MCP1 in activated monocytes in CAD patients. We found that the enrichment of RFX1, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), and suppressor of variegation 3–9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) in the MCP1 gene promoter region were decreased in CD14+ monocytes from CAD patients and in healthy CD14+ monocytes treated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays identified MCP1 as a target gene of RFX1. Overexpression of RFX1 increased the recruitments of HDAC1 and SUV39H1 and inhibited the expression of MCP1 in CD14+ monocytes. In contrast, knockdown of RFX1 in CD14+ monocytes reduced the recruitments of HDAC1 and SUV39H1 in the MCP1 promoter region, thereby facilitating H3 and H4 acetylation and H3K9 tri-methylation in this region. In conclusion, our results indicated that RFX1 expression deficiency in CD14+ monocytes from CAD patients contributed to MCP1 overexpression via a deficiency of recruitments of HDAC1 and SUV39H1 in the MCP1 promoter, which highlighted the vital role of RFX1 in the pathogenesis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pei Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Keqin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Dapartment of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baige Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Dapartment of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Al-Sawalha NA, Al-Filali MS, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF. Effect of Prenatal Waterpipe Tobacco Smoke Exposure on Cardiac Biomarkers in Adult Offspring Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2019; 24:567-574. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248419849424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) consumption is increased among pregnant woman. Prenatal cigarette smoke exposure increased the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in offspring. The current study examined the effect of prenatal WTS exposure on inflammatory profile, oxidative stress, and cardiac biomarkers in adult offspring rats. Methods: Female rats received WTS (2 hours per day) or fresh air 1 day prior to mating and throughout the pregnancy period. The body and heart masses were measured in male offspring rats. The level of oxidative stress biomarkers, nitrate, inflammatory mediators (interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]), and gene expression of protein kinase C epsilon, angiotensin 2 receptor one, and transforming growth factor beta1 were measured in cardiac tissue homogenates of 13-week-old male offspring rats. Results: Prenatal WTS exposure reduced body weight and increased heart to body weight ratio ( P < .05). Prenatal WTS exposure did not affect oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) but significantly increased catalase activity and nitrate level ( P < .05) in cardiac tissue of adult male offspring rats. In addition, prenatal exposure to WTS did not affect cardiac level of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as the gene expression of different cardiac modulators in adult male offspring rats ( P > .05). Conclusion: Prenatal WTS exposure has detrimental consequences on adult offspring rats by increasing the ratio of heart to body mass, increasing the catalase activity and nitrate level in cardiac tissue of adult male offspring rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour A. Al-Sawalha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Maria S. Al-Filali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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16
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Li Y, Liu X, Du A, Zhu X, Yu B. miR‐203 accelerates apoptosis and inflammation induced by LPS via targeting NFIL3 in cardiomyocytes. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6605-6613. [PMID: 30484891 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Xiping Liu
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Aolin Du
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning China
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17
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The protective microRNA-199a-5p-mediated unfolded protein response in hypoxic cardiomyocytes is regulated by STAT3 pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 75:73-81. [PMID: 30426460 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of downregulated miR-199a-5p on ischemic and hypoxic cardiomyocytes were well recognized, but the underlying mechanism of inhibited miR-199a-5p is not yet clear. The present study explored the relationship between enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and lowered production of miR-199a-5p in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. This study firstly found the correlation between elevated interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-11, as well as subsequent STAT3 signaling activation and the downregulation of miR-199a-5p in hypoxic myocardial samples from children with congenital heart disease. Then, using model of hypoxic mice and the intervention of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), it was observed that pSTAT3 affected the expression of miR-199a-5p and modulated the expression of its target genes, including endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78). Further observation revealed that the pSTAT3 signal in cardiac tissue could affect the expression of pri-miR-199a-2, a precursor of miR-199a-5p. And the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay also confirmed that pSTAT3 could bind to the promoter region of miR-199a-2 gene, which is more significant under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, the activation of STAT3 signaling in cardiomyocytes during chronic hypoxia leads to downregulation of miR-199a-5p, which promotes the expression of many downstream target genes. This is an important pathway in the adaptive protection mechanism of myocardium during hypoxia.
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18
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Martin B, Gabris-Weber BA, Reddy R, Romero G, Chattopadhyay A, Salama G. Relaxin reverses inflammatory and immune signals in aged hearts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190935. [PMID: 29346407 PMCID: PMC5773192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ‘Healthy’ aging drives structural and functional changes in the heart including maladaptive electrical remodeling, fibrosis and inflammation, which lower the threshold for cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite mixed results in recent clinical trials, Relaxin-therapy for 2-days could reduce mortality by 37% at 180-days post-treatment, in patients with acute decompensated HF. Relaxin’s short life-span (hours) but long-lasting protective actions led us to test the hypothesis that relaxin acts at a genomic level to reverse maladaptive remodeling in aging and HF. Methods and results Young (9-month) and aged (24-month), male and female F-344/Brown Norway rats were treated with relaxin (0.4 mg/kg/day) for 2-weeks delivered by subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps or with sodium acetate (controls). The genomic effects of aging and relaxin were evaluated by extracting RNA from the left ventricles and analyzing genomic changes by RNA-sequencing, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, MetaCore and tissue immunohistochemistry. We found that aging promotes a native inflammatory response with distinct sex-differences and relaxin suppresses transcription of multiple genes and signaling pathways associated with inflammation and HF in both genders. In addition, aging significantly increased: macrophage infiltration and atrial natriuretic peptide levels in female ventricles, and activation of the complement cascade, whereas relaxin reversed these age-related effects. Conclusion These data support the hypothesis that relaxin alters gene transcription and suppresses inflammatory pathways and genes associated with HF and aging. Relaxin’s suppression of inflammation and fibrosis supports its potential as a therapy for cardiovascular and inflammation-related diseases, such as HF, AF and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Martin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Beth Ann Gabris-Weber
- School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Rajiv Reddy
- School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Guillermo Romero
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Ansuman Chattopadhyay
- Molecular Biology Information Service, Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Guy Salama
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chang M, Guo F, Zhou Z, Huang X, Yi L, Dou Y, Huan J. HBP induces the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 via the FAK/PI3K/AKT and p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathways in vascular endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2017; 43:85-94. [PMID: 29288710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is characterized by early influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), followed by a second wave of monocyte recruitment. PMNs mediate monocyte recruitment via their release of heparin binding protein (HBP), which activates CCR2 (CC-chemokine receptor 2) on monocytes. However, the pathways for such signal transmission remain unknown. Accumulating evidences have highlighted the importance of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in the initiation of inflammation. In this study, an interesting finding is that HBP enhances the secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein 1(MCP-1), ligand of CCR2, from a third party, the endothelial cells (ECs). HBP-induced increase in MCP-1 production was demonstrated at the protein, mRNA and secretion levels. Exposure of ECs to HBP elicited rapid phosphorylation of FAK/PI3K/AKT and p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling. MCP-1 levels were attenuated during the response to HBP stimulation by pretreatment with a FAK inhibitor (or siRNA), a PI3K inhibitor, an AKT inhibitor, a p38 inhibitor (or siRNA) and two NF-κB inhibitors. Additionally, pretreatment with inhibitors to FAK, PI3K and AKT led to a decrease in HBP-induced phosphorylation of p38/NF-κB axis. These results showed that HBP induced MCP-1 expression via a sequential activation of the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway and p38 MAPK/NF-κB axis. Interestingly, the patterns of HBP regulation of the expression of the adhesion molecular VCAM-1 were similar to those seen in MCP-1 after pretreatment with inhibitors (or not). These findings may help to determine key pharmacological points of intervention, thus slowing the progress of inflammatory-mediated responses in certain diseases where inflammation is detrimental to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Chang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengding Zhou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fudan University, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Dou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingning Huan
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Koller L, Hohensinner P, Rychli K, Zorn G, Goliasch G, Berger R, Mörtl D, Maurer G, Huber K, Pacher R, Wojta J, Hülsmann M, Niessner A, Richter B. Fractalkine is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:1220-7. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-03-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SummaryImmunological processes are implicated in the multifactorial pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). The multifunctional chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) promotes the extravasation of cytotoxic lymphocytes into tissues. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of fractalkine in HF. Fractalkine plasma levels were determined in 349 patients with advanced systolic HF (median 75 years, 66% male). During a median follow-up of 4.9 years (interquartile range: 4.6–5.2), 55.9% of patients died. Fractalkine was a significant predictor of all-cause mortality (p <0.001) with a hazard ratio of 2.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.95–3.95) for the third compared to the first tertile. This association remained significant after multivariable adjustment for demographics, clinical predictive variables and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, p=0.008). The predictive value of fractalkine did not significantly differ between patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic HF aetiology (p=0.79). The predictive value of fractalkine tertiles was not significantly modified by tertiles of NT-proBNP (p=0.18) but was more pronounced in the first and third tertile of NT-proBNP. Fractalkine was also an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality (p=0.015). Fractalkine levels were significantly lower in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy (p <0.001). In conclusion, circulating fractalkine with its pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects is an independent predictor of mortality in advanced HF patients. Fractalkine improves risk prediction beyond NTproBNP and might therefore help to identify high risk patients who need special care. Our data indicate the implication of immune modulation in HF pathology.
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Flierl U, Schäfer A. Fractalkine – a local inflammatory marker aggravating platelet activation at the vulnerable plaque. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:457-63. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-04-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SummaryChemokines play an important role in inducing chemotaxis of cells, piloting white blood cells in immune surveillance and are crucial parts in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Platelets are mandatory players in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesion formation and are susceptible targets for and producers of chemokines. Several chemokine receptors on platelets have been described previously, amongst them CX3CR1, the receptor for fractalkine. The unique chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1, FKN) exists as a soluble as well as a membrane-anchored glycoprotein. Its essential role in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and atherosclerosis progression has been impressively described in mouse models. Moreover, fractalkine induces platelet activation and adhesion via a functional fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) expressed on the platelet surface. Platelet activation via the FKN/CX3CR1-axis triggers leukocyte adhesion to activated endothelium, and fractalkine-induced platelet P-selectin is mandatory for leukocyte recruitment under arterial flow conditions. This review summarises the role of fractalkine as a potential local inflammatory mediator which influences platelet activation in the setting of atherosclerosis. Beyond that, aspects of a potential interaction between fractalkine and platelet responsiveness to antiplatelet drugs are described. Furthermore, the possible impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on atherosclerosis progression, platelet activation and fractalkine signalling are discussed.
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22
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Abareshi A, Norouzi F, Asgharzadeh F, Beheshti F, Hosseini M, Farzadnia M, Khazaei M. Effect of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor on Cardiac Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Status in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammation Model in Rats. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:69. [PMID: 28966758 PMCID: PMC5609356 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_322_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Renin-angiotensin (Ang)-aldosterone system not only plays a key role in the regulation of circulatory homeostasis, but also it acts as a powerful pro-inflammatory mediator. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of captopril (Cap), a known Ang-converting enzyme inhibitor, on inflammation-induced cardiac fibrosis, and heart oxidative stress status in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in male rats. Methods: Fifty male rats were randomly divided into five groups control, LPS (1 mg/kg/day), LPS + Cap 10 mg/kg, LPS + Cap 50 mg/kg and LPS + Cap 100 mg/kg. After 2 weeks, blood samples were taken, and hearts were harvested for evaluation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide metabolite in serum and tissue hemogenate, histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome) and oxidative stress status. Results: Serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentration were higher in LPS group compared to control and Cap reduced them, significantly. Heart TNF-α and IL-6 contents in LPS group were significantly higher than control (P < 0.05). The administration of Cap significantly decreased inflammatory markers level to control (P < 0.05). The higher levels of malondialdehyde and lower antioxidative markers (total thiol, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) in the heart were observed in LPS group and treatment by Cap improved them, dose-dependently. Histopathological study revealed cardiac fibrosis and more collagen content in LPS group which significantly improved by Cap treatment. Conclusions: Treatment by Cap reduced cardiac fibrosis possibly through improving oxidative stress status, and it can be considered to increase cardiac compliance in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Abareshi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Norouzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farzadnia
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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23
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Cetin S, Yıldız SS, Mazı EE, Keskin K, Cetinkal G, Gurdal A, Karabay U, Orta Kilickesmez K. Relationship between a fragmented QRS and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 64:464-470. [PMID: 29050702 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microalbuminuria (MAU), a complication of diabetes, is closely related to cardiovascular events. A fragmented QRS (fQRS) in the electrocardiogram (ECG) was found to be strongly associated to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the association between a fQRS and MAU in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-seven patients (mean age, 50.49 years; 44.01% male) with T2DM of at least six months duration and at least two urine albumin/creatinine ratios (ACRs) available were enrolled into the study between December 2015 and May 2016. All patients underwent ECG and echocardiography, and were taken blood and urine samples. Patients were divided into two groups according to presence of fQRS (group 1) or absence of fQRS (group 2). RESULTS Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. MAU and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) were increased in patients with a fQRS in the ECG (p=0.002, p=0.02, and p=0.007, respectively). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed MAU and an increased LVEDd to be independent risk factors for the presence of a fQRS in the ECG of T2DM patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS In this study, a fQRS was associated to MAU. In T2DM, MAU may be related to subclinical diastolic and systolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Cetin
- Department of Cardiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Suleyman Sezai Yıldız
- Department of Cardiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Erkan Mazı
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kudret Keskin
- Department of Cardiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Cetinkal
- Department of Cardiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gurdal
- Department of Cardiology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Karabay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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Rathnayake N, Buhlin K, Kjellström B, Klinge B, Löwbeer C, Norhammar A, Rydén L, Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, Gustafsson A. Saliva and plasma levels of cardiac-related biomarkers in post-myocardial infarction patients. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:692-699. [PMID: 28453865 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To relate cardiac biomarkers, such as cystatin C and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in saliva to myocardial infarction (MI) and to periodontal status, and to investigate the relation between salivary and plasma cardiac biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred patients with MI admitted to coronary care units and 200 matched controls without MI were included. Dental examination and collection of blood and saliva samples was performed 6-10 weeks after the MI for patients and in close proximity thereafter for controls. Analysing methods: ARCHITECT i4000SR, Immulite 2000 XPi or ELISA. RESULTS The mean age was 62 ± 8 years and 84% were male. Total probing pocket depth, fibrinogen, white blood cell counts and HbA1c were higher in patients than controls. GDF-15 levels correlated with most of the included clinical variables in both study groups. No correlation was found between plasma and saliva levels of cystatin C or GDF-15. CONCLUSION Salivary cystatin C and GDF-15 could not differentiate between MI patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilminie Rathnayake
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kåre Buhlin
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
| | - Barbro Kjellström
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bjorn Klinge
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christian Löwbeer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Aleris Medilab, Täby, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Norhammar
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden.,Cardiology Unit, Capio S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Rydén
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden.,Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
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Abstract
Anxiety and its associated disorders are common in patients with cardiovascular disease and may significantly influence cardiac health. Anxiety disorders are associated with the onset and progression of cardiac disease, and in many instances have been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including mortality. Both physiologic (autonomic dysfunction, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, changes in platelet aggregation) and health behavior mechanisms may help to explain the relationships between anxiety disorders and cardiovascular disease. Given the associations between anxiety disorders and poor cardiac health, the timely and accurate identification and treatment of these conditions is of the utmost importance. Fortunately, pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions for the management of anxiety disorders are generally safe and effective. Further study is needed to determine whether interventions to treat anxiety disorders ultimately impact both psychiatric and cardiovascular health.
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26
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Cimellaro A, Perticone M, Fiorentino TV, Sciacqua A, Hribal ML. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in endothelial dysfunction. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:863-871. [PMID: 27345757 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of several human disorders, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD recognizes endothelial dysfunction (ED) as its pathogenetic primum movens; interestingly a large body of evidence has identified the unchecked ER stress response as a main actor in vascular damage elicited by various cardio-metabolic risk factors. In the present Review, we summarize findings from experimental studies on the ER stress-related ED, focusing on the mechanisms underlying this association. DATA SYNTHESIS Different noxious agents, such as hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, induce ED promoting an amplified ER stress response as demonstrated by several studies in animal models, as well as in human primary and immortalized endothelial cells. ER stress represents therefore a key mediator of vascular damage, operating in a setting of increased inflammatory burden and oxidative stress, thus contributing to foster a vicious pathogenic cycle. CONCLUSIONS Experimental studies summarized in this Review strongly suggest that an unchecked ER stress response plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ED and, consequently, CVD. Counteracting ER stress may thus represent a promising, even if largely unexplored as-yet, therapeutic approach aimed to prevent vascular damage, slowing the progression from ED to cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cimellaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - M Perticone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - T V Fiorentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - A Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - M L Hribal
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
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27
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Graupera I, Solà E, Fabrellas N, Moreira R, Solé C, Huelin P, de la Prada G, Pose E, Ariza X, Risso A, Albertos S, Morales-Ruiz M, Jiménez W, Ginès P. Urine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Is an Independent Predictive Factor of Hospital Readmission and Survival in Cirrhosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157371. [PMID: 27359339 PMCID: PMC4928797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in chemotaxis of monocytes. In several diseases, such as acute coronary syndromes and heart failure, elevated MCP-1 levels have been associated with poor outcomes. Little is known about MCP-1 in cirrhosis. AIM To investigate the relationship between MCP-1 and outcome in decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS Prospective study of 218 patients discharged from hospital after an admission for complications of cirrhosis. Urine and plasma levels of MCP-1 and other urine proinflammatroy biomarkers: osteopontin(OPN), trefoil-factor3 and liver-fatty-acid-binding protein were measured at admission. Urine non-inflammatory mediators cystatin-C, β2microglobulin and albumin were measured as control biomarkers. The relationship between these biomarkers and the 3-month hospital readmission, complications of cirrhosis, and mortality were assessed. RESULTS 69 patients(32%) had at least one readmission during the 3-month period of follow-up and 30 patients died(14%). Urine MCP-1 and OPN levels, were associated with 3-month probability of readmission (0.85 (0.27-2.1) and 2003 (705-4586) ug/g creat vs 0.47 (0.2-1.1) and 1188 (512-2958) ug/g creat, in patients with and without readmission, respectively; p<0.05; median (IQR)). Furthermore, urine levels of MCP-1 were significantly associated with mortality (1.01 (1-3.6) vs 0.5 (0.2-1.1) μg/g creat, in dead and alive patients at 3 months; p<0.05). Patients with higher levels of urine MCP-1 (above percentile 75th) had higher probability of development of hepatic encephalopathy, bacterial infections or AKI. Urine MCP-1 was an independent predictive factor of hospital readmission and combined end-point of readmission or dead at 3 months. Plasma levels of MCP-1 did not correlated with outcomes. CONCLUSION Urine, but not plasma, MCP-1 levels are associated with hospital readmission, development of complications of cirrhosis, and mortality. These results suggest that in cirrhosis there is an inflammatory response that is associated with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Graupera
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Solà
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Fabrellas
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Moreira
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Solé
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Huelin
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Pose
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Ariza
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Risso
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Albertos
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Ginès
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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28
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Labedz-Maslowska A, Lipert B, Berdecka D, Kedracka-Krok S, Jankowska U, Kamycka E, Sekula M, Madeja Z, Dawn B, Jura J, Zuba-Surma EK. Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-Induced Protein 1 (MCPIP1) Enhances Angiogenic and Cardiomyogenic Potential of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26214508 PMCID: PMC4516329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current evidence suggests that beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward myocardial repair are largely due to paracrine actions of several factors. Although Monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response, apoptosis and angiogenesis, whether MCPIP1 plays any role in stem cell-induced cardiac repair has never been examined. By employing retroviral (RV)-transduced overexpression of MCPIP1, we investigated the impact of MCPIP1 on viability, apoptosis, proliferation, metabolic activity, proteome, secretome and differentiation capacity of murine bone marrow (BM) - derived MSCs. MCPIP1 overexpression enhanced angiogenic and cardiac differentiation of MSCs compared with controls as indicated by elevated expression of genes accompanying angiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis in vitro. The proangiogenic activity of MCPIP1-overexpressing MSCs (MCPIP1-MSCs) was also confirmed by increased capillary-like structure formation under several culture conditions. This increase in differentiation capacity was associated with decreased proliferation of MCPIP1-MSCs when compared with controls. MCPIP1-MSCs also expressed increased levels of proteins involved in angiogenesis, autophagy, and induction of differentiation, but not adverse inflammatory agents. We conclude that MCPIP1 enhances endothelial and cardiac differentiation of MSCs. Thus, modulating MCPIP1 expression may be a novel approach useful for enhancing the immune-regulatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity of BM-derived MSCs for myocardial repair and regeneration of ischemic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Labedz-Maslowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Lipert
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominika Berdecka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kedracka-Krok
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Kamycka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Sekula
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jolanta Jura
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa K. Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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29
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Wang Q, Liang D, Wang F, Li W, Han Y, Zhang W, Xie Y, Xin W, Zhou B, Sun D, Cao F, Xiong L. Efficacy of electroacupuncture pretreatment for myocardial injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized clinical trial with a 2-year follow-up. Int J Cardiol 2015; 194:28-35. [PMID: 26011261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Electroacupuncture pretreatment (EAP) safely protects the heart from ischemic injury, however, the efficacy of EAP for periprocedural myocardial injury after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate whether EAP prior to PCI reduces post-PCI myocardial injury in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). 388 patients (≥ 18 years old) with CAD, undergoing elective PCI were enrolled and randomized, out of those 204 went through the whole trial. EAP was conducted by 30-minute electrical stimulation through 4 electrodes attached to the Antiguan (PC6) and Ximen (PC4) acupoints in the forearm bilaterally 1-2h prior to PCI. The control group had sham electrodes but no electrical stimulation. The primary end point was the incidence of myocardial infarction type 4a (MI4a) based on serum cTnI values at 24h after PCI. The secondary end points included post-procedural cardiac function and the major adverse cardiac/cerebrovascular event (MACCE) rate. EAP prior to PCI significantly reduced the incidence of MI4a (serum cTnI≥0.20 ng/mL) 24h post-PCI compared to the control group (P=0.004). The echocardiography at 6 months after PCI revealed significant improvement in cardiac function in the EAP group compared with the control group. The MACCE rate was significantly decreased in the EAP group at 24 month follow-up compared to the control group (P=0.0157). Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EAP was associated with decreased likelihood of MACCE (odds ratio 0.327, 95% CI 0.140-0.767, P=0.010). EAP prior to PCI significantly reduced cTnI release and protected patients with CAD from subsequent myocardial injury after PCI procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shenyang PLA General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yaning Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Weichuan Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Baili Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Lize Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
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30
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Zhou H, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Ni J, Deng W, Bian ZY, Dai J, Tang QZ. Icariin protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from lipopolysaccharide‑induced injury via inhibition of the reactive oxygen species‑dependent c‑Jun N‑terminal kinases/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4327-32. [PMID: 25647547 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of the most common forms of heart disease. Icariin has a number of pharmacological actions, including anti‑inflammatory, anti‑oxidative and anti‑apoptotic effects. However, the role of icariin in cardiac inflammation has remained elusive. In the present study, H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with icariin. The results showed that icariin significantly reduced the increase in the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 that occurred in response to LPS. Furthermore, icariin regulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 and B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X, and rescued H9c2 cells from apoptosis. Incubation with 2',7'‑dichlorofluorescein diacetate demonstrated that icariin inhibited the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the phosphorylation of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinases (JNK), the degradation of inhibitor of κB and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) p65 in LPS‑treated H9c2 cells were blocked by icariin treatment. These results suggested that icariin prevented cardiomyocytes from inflammatory response and apoptosis, and that this effect may be mediated by inhibition of the ROS‑dependent JNK/NF‑κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhou-Yan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jia Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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31
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Chun JN, Cho M, So I, Jeon JH. The protective effects of Schisandra chinensis fruit extract and its lignans against cardiovascular disease: A review of the molecular mechanisms. Fitoterapia 2014; 97:224-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Li C, Wang Y, Qiu Q, Shi T, Wu Y, Han J, Chai X, Wang W. Qishenyiqi protects ligation-induced left ventricular remodeling by attenuating inflammation and fibrosis via STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104255. [PMID: 25122164 PMCID: PMC4133204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Qi-shen-yi-qi (QSYQ), a formula used for the routine treatment of heart failure (HF) in China, has been demonstrated to improve cardiac function through down-regulating the activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). However, the mechanisms governing its therapeutic effects are largely unknown. The present study aims to demonstrate that QSYQ treatment can prevent left ventricular remodeling in heart failure by attenuating oxidative stress and inhabiting inflammation. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham group, model group (LAD coronary artery ligation), QSYQ group with high dosage, middle dosage and low dosage (LAD ligation and treated with QSYQ), and captopril group (LAD ligation and treated with captopril as the positive drug). Indicators of fibrosis (Masson, MMPs, and collagens) and inflammation factors were detected 28 days after surgery. RESULTS Results of hemodynamic alterations (dp/dt value) in the model group as well as other ventricular remodeling (VR) markers, such as MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen I and III elevated compared with sham group. VR was accompanied by activation of RAAS (angiotensin II and NADPHoxidase). Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in myocardial tissue were also up-regulated. Treatment of QSYQ improved cardiac remodeling through counter-acting the aforementioned events. The improvement of QSYQ was accompanied with a restoration of angiotensin II-NADPHoxidase-ROS-MMPs pathways. In addition, "therapeutic" QSYQ administration can reduce both TNF-α-NF-B and IL-6-STAT3 pathways, respectively, which further proves the beneficial effects of QSYQ. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that QSYQ protected LAD ligation-induced left VR via attenuating AngII -NADPH oxidase pathway and inhabiting inflammation. These findings provide evidence as to the cardiac protective efficacy of QSYQ to HF and explain the beneficial effects of QSYQ in the clinical application for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Shi
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Han
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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El Khoury N, Mathieu S, Fiset C. Interleukin-1β reduces L-type Ca2+ current through protein kinase Cϵ activation in mouse heart. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21896-908. [PMID: 24936064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is now widely recognized as a key component of heart disease. Patients suffering from arrhythmias and heart failure have increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Evidence suggests that these cytokines are important mediators of cardiac remodeling; however, their effects on ion channels and arrhythmogenesis remain incompletely understood. The L-type Ca(2+) current (ICaL) is a major determinant of the plateau phase of cardiac action potential and has a critical excitation-contraction coupling role. Thus, altering its properties could have detrimental effects on cardiac electrical and contractile functions. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of TNFα and IL-1β on ICaL, while exploring the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes were treated with a pathophysiological concentration (30 pg/ml) of TNFα and IL-1β for 24 h. Voltage-clamp recordings showed that TNFα had no effect on ICaL, whereas IL-1β decreased the current density by 36%. Although both IL-1β- and TNFα-treated myocytes showed significant increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS), Western blot experiments revealed that only IL-1β increased PKCϵ membrane translocation. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine normalized ROS levels and restored ICaL density. Furthermore, the PKCϵ translocation inhibitor ϵ-V1-2 blocked the effect of IL-1β on ICaL. The reduction of ICaL by IL-1β was also seen in cultured adult ventricular myocytes. Overall, chronic IL-1β treatment decreased ICaL density in cardiomyocytes. These effects implicated ROS signaling and PKCϵ activation. These findings could contribute to explain the role of IL-1β in the development of arrhythmia and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil El Khoury
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Mathieu
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, and
| | - Céline Fiset
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, and
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Yang L, Zhao D, Ren J, Yang J. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein quality control in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:209-18. [PMID: 24846717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, together with the unfolded protein response (UPR), is initially considered an adaptive response aiming at maintenance of ER homeostasis. Nonetheless, ER stress, when in excess, can eventually trigger cell apoptosis and loss of function. UPR is mediated by three major transmembrane proteins, including inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor (ATF) 6. A unique role has been speculated for ER stress in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. Recent studies have shown that ER stress is an early event associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy, and may be triggered by hyperglycemia, free fatty acids (FFAs) and inflammation. In this mini-review, we attempted to discuss the activation machinery for ER stress in response to these triggers en route to disrupted ER function and cellular autophagy or apoptosis, ultimately insulin resistance and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Dajun Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Álvarez P, Tapia L, Mardones LA, Pedemonte JC, Farías JG, Castillo RL. Cellular mechanisms against ischemia reperfusion injury induced by the use of anesthetic pharmacological agents. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 218:89-98. [PMID: 24835546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) cycle in the myocardium is associated with activation of an injurious cascade, thus leading to new myocardial challenges, which account for up to 50% of infarct size. Some evidence implicates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a probable cause of myocardial injury in prooxidant clinical settings. Damage occurs during both ischemia and post-ischemic reperfusion in animal and human models. The mechanisms that contribute to this damage include the increase in cellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and induction of ROS sources during reperfusion. Pharmacological preconditioning, which includes pharmacological strategies that counteract the ROS burst and Ca(2+) overload followed to IR cycle in the myocardium, could be effective in limiting injury. Currently widespread evidence supports the use of anesthetics agents as an important cardioprotective strategy that act at various levels such as metabotropic receptors, ion channels or mitochondrial level. Their administration before a prolonged ischemic episode is known as anesthetic preconditioning, whereas when given at the very onset of reperfusion, is termed anesthetic postconditioning. Both types of anesthetic conditioning reduce, albeit not to the same degree, the extent of myocardial injury. This review focuses on cellular and pathophysiological concepts on the myocardial damage induced by IR and how anesthetic pharmacological agents commonly used could attenuate the functional and structural effects induced by oxidative stress in cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Álvarez
- Critical Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Metropolitano La Florida, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, University Finis Terrae, Chile; Pathophysiology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | - L Tapia
- Pathophysiology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile; Emergency Unit, Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile
| | - L A Mardones
- Pathophysiology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | - J C Pedemonte
- Anesthesia Unit, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J G Farías
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - R L Castillo
- Pathophysiology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile.
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Galliera E, Lombardi G, Marazzi MG, Grasso D, Vianello E, Pozzoni R, Banfi G, Corsi Romanelli MM. Acute exercise in elite rugby players increases the circulating level of the cardiovascular biomarker GDF-15. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2014; 74:492-9. [DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2014.905697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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37
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Marchini T, Magnani N, Paz M, Vanasco V, Tasat D, González Maglio D, Alvarez S, Evelson P. Time course of systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by an acute exposure to Residual Oil Fly Ash. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 274:274-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mozaffari MS, Liu JY, Abebe W, Baban B. Mechanisms of load dependency of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2013; 3:180-196. [PMID: 24224132 PMCID: PMC3819580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease and associated ischemic heart disease are prevalent disorders worldwide. Further, systemic hypertension is common and markedly increases the risk for heart disease. A common denominator of systemic hypertension of various etiologies is increased myocardial load/mechanical stress. Thus, it is likely that high pressure/mechanical stress attenuates the contribution of cardioprotective but accentuates the contribution of cardiotoxic pathways thereby exacerbating the outcome of an ischemia reperfusion insult to the heart. Critical events which contribute to cardiomyocyte injury in the ischemic-reperfused heart include cellular calcium overload and generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species which, in turn, promote the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, an important event in cell death. Increasing evidence also indicates that the myocardium is capable of mounting a robust inflammatory response which contributes importantly to tissue injury. On the other hand, cardioprotective maneuvers of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning have led to identification of complex web of signaling pathways (e.g., reperfusion injury salvage kinase) which ultimately converge on the mitochondria to exert cytoprotection. The present review is intended to briefly describe mechanisms of cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury followed by a discussion of our work focused on how pressure/mechanical stress modulates endogenous cardiotoxic and cardioprotective mechanisms to ultimately exacerbate ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood S Mozaffari
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
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Shi L, Song J, Zhang X, Li Y, Li H. Correlation between the microinflammatory state and left ventricular structural and functional changes in maintenance haemodialysis patients. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:532-536. [PMID: 24137221 PMCID: PMC3786853 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the microinflammatory state and structural and functional changes of the left ventricle in maintenance haemodialysis patients (MHD). In total, 48 MHD patients and 30 healthy volunteers participated in this study. The microinflammatory state was detected from high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels determined by ELISA. The structure and function of the left ventricle was measured according to ultrasound cardiogram examination. The serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in the MHD patients were higher compared with those in the controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, the measurements of the left atrial diameter (LAD), left venticular diameter (LVD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) and the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) increased significantly and the left ventricular function (LVEF) was reduced. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the concentrations of hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 correlated with the LVMI (P<0.05), but only hs-CRP correlated with the loss of function of the heart in the haemodialysis patients (P<0.05). The microinflammatory state may be closely associated with the structural and functional impairment of the heart in MHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
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Schulz S, Schlitt A, Lutze A, Lischewski S, Seifert T, Dudakliewa T, Gawe R, Werdan K, Hofmann B, Gläser C, Schaller HG, Reichert S. Genetic variants in TNFα and the one-year cardiovascular outcome in patients with coronary heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:1688-90. [PMID: 23601213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schulz
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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42
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Baban B, Liu JY, Mozaffari MS. Pressure overload regulates expression of cytokines, γH2AX, and growth arrest- and DNA-damage inducible protein 153 via glycogen synthase kinase-3β in ischemic-reperfused hearts. Hypertension 2012; 61:95-104. [PMID: 23108649 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The growth arrest- and DNA-damage inducible protein 153 (GADD153) regulates both apoptosis and inflammatory response. Importantly, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) may provide a mechanistic link for cellular expression of GADD153, inflammatory response, and cell death. We previously showed that pressure overload exacerbates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury associated with significant reduction in phosphorylated (inactive) GSK-3β. This raises the possibility that pressure overload, through a GSK-3β-dependent mechanism, increases GADD153 expression, thereby upregulating inflammatory cytokine production and contributing to worsening of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Accordingly, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts were subjected to global ischemia reperfusion protocol in the absence or presence of the GSK-3β inhibitor, lithium chloride (1 mmol/L), with perfusion pressure set at 80 or 160 cmH(2)O; normoxic hearts served as controls. Compared with normoxia, an ischemia reperfusion insult increased expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, γH2AX, and GADD153 in association with increased cell death. In the ischemic-reperfused hearts, pressure overload did the following: (1) reduced interleukin-10 but increased interleukin-17 (cardiomyocytes), without affecting interleukin-23; (2) increased expressions of γH2AX and GADD153; (3) decreased 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) aggregates but increased JC-1 monomers (suggestive of reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, ψ(m)); and (4) increased annexin V immunostaining as well as apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Treatment with lithium chloride caused a robust increase in interleukin-10, preserved ψ(m), and markedly decreased all other parameters with the effect being most prominent for hearts perfused at the high pressure. In conclusion, pressure overload, via a GSK-3β-dependent mechanism, exacerbates cell death in the isolated ischemic-reperfused heart involving regulation of inflammatory response, DNA injury, and GADD153 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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44
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Prondzinsky R, Unverzagt S, Lemm H, Wegener N, Heinroth K, Buerke U, Fiedler M, Thiery J, Haerting J, Werdan K, Buerke M. Acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2012; 107:476-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00063-012-0117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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45
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DuBois CM, Beach SR, Kashdan TB, Nyer MB, Park ER, Celano CM, Huffman JC. Positive Psychological Attributes and Cardiac Outcomes: Associations, Mechanisms, and Interventions. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2012; 53:303-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Schulz S, Schlitt A, Lutze A, Lischewski S, Seifert T, Dudakliewa T, Gawe R, Werdan K, Hofmann B, Gläser C, Schaller HG, Reichert S. The importance of genetic variants in TNFα for periodontal disease in a cohort of coronary patients. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39:699-706. [PMID: 22691114 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2012.01909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the importance of genetic variants of TNFα for the severity of periodontal disease and periodontal risk factors with respect to periodontal risk factors in a cohort of coronary patients. SUBJECTS A total of 942 consecutive patients with angiographic proven coronary heart disease were prospectively included in the study entitled "Periodontitis and Its Microbiological Agents as Prognostic Factors in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease" (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT01045070). METHODS After including of patients, an extensive periodontal examination also involving PCR-sampling for 11 periodontal bacteria was performed. In this subanalysis, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) c.-308G>A, c.-238G>A and haplotypes for TNFα were analysed by CTS-PCR-SSP Tray kit (Heidelberg, Germany). RESULTS The AG+AA genotype of SNP c.-238G>A of TNFα gene was associated with the amount of clinical attachment loss in patients with coronary heart disease in multivariate regression analysis. Moreover, Prevotella intermedia occurred more frequently in carriers who were positive for the AG+AA genotype and A-allele of SNP c.-308G>A in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Furthermore, only in bivariate analyses significant associations of genetic variants of TNFα with intensified bleeding on probing and with higher plasma level of interleukin 6 could be shown. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants of TNFα gene, namely c.-308G>A and c.-238G>A, are associated with periodontal conditions in patients with coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schulz
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
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Evaluation of antioxidant and immunity function of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate tablets in vivo. Molecules 2012; 17:5412-21. [PMID: 22569420 PMCID: PMC6268603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate tablets (TPT), a Chinese medicine used for cardiovascular disease, on immunity activity and oxidative injury in rats. Heart failure (HF) was induced by isoproterenol (ISO). After the animal model was established, the rats were administered the TPT by gavage (once a day). The results indicated that TPT improved left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), ±dP/dt, heart weight/body weight. TPT could decrease the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, it also could raise the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), but reduce malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level. The results indicated that TPT improved cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis from myocardial injury, and this cardioprotection might be attributed to a reduction of oxidative stress and regulation of inflammation mediators.
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Xu Z, Huang G, Gong W, Zhou P, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Gao M, Pan Z, He F. FXR ligands protect against hepatocellular inflammation via SOCS3 induction. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1658-64. [PMID: 22560881 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of the anti-inflammatory actions of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, FXR has received much attention as a potential therapeutic target. However, the molecular mechanisms of actions have not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we reported that in the animal model of LPS-induced liver injury, administration of the FXR natural ligand CDCA could attenuate hepatocyte inflammatory damage, reduce transaminase activities, suppress inflammation mediators (IL-6, TNF-α and ICAM-1) expression and inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation. These protective effects of FXR were accompanied by an increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), which is a negative feedback regulator of cytokine-STAT3 signaling. We then demonstrated that the beneficial effects of FXR agonist in STAT3 activation were weakened by small interfering RNA-mediated SOCS3 knockdown in hepacytes. Moreover we observed both natural ligand CDCA and synthetic ligand GW4064 could upregulate SOCS 3 expression by enhancing the promoter activity in hepatocytes. These results suggest modulation of SOCS3 expression may represent a novel mechanism through which FXR activation could selectively affect cytokine bioactivity in inflammation response. FXR ligands may be potentially therapeutic in the treatment of liver inflammatory diseases via SOCS3 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Kolattukudy PE, Niu J. Inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCR2 pathway. Circ Res 2012; 110:174-89. [PMID: 22223213 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.243212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 is expressed by mainly inflammatory cells and stromal cells such as endothelial cells, and its expression is upregulated after proinflammatory stimuli and tissue injury. MCP-1 can function as a traditional chemotactic cytokine and also regulates gene transcription. The recently discovered novel zinc-finger protein, called MCPIP (MCP-1-induced protein), initiates a series of signaling events that causes oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to autophagy that can result in cell death or differentiation, depending on the cellular context. After a brief review of the basic processes involved in inflammation, ER stress, and autophagy, the recently elucidated role of MCP-1 and MCPIP in inflammatory diseases is reviewed. MCPIP was found to be able to control inflammatory response by inhibition of nuclear factor-κB activation through its deubiquitinase activity or by degradation of mRNA encoding a set of inflammatory cytokines through its RNase activity. The potential inclusion of such a novel deubiquitinase in the emerging anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pappachan E Kolattukudy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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50
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Abstract
Fibrosis induced by prolonged inflammation is a major pathophysiological feature of adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Recent reports strongly suggest that the interaction between leukocytes, non-myocytes (mainly cardiac fibroblasts) and cardiomyocytes, possibly mediated by cytokine signaling, plays an important role in controlling the inflammatory reaction after cardiac injury. Therefore, controlling cytokine secretion from resident cardiomyocytes is one plausible strategy for preventing tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Aoyagi
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813
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