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Mudalegundi S, Clifton M, Lifchez S, LaPorte D, Ramanathan S, Sabit AH, Woreta F. Perspectives on Application and Interview Capping in Residency Selection of Surgical Subspecialties. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2024; 81:1013-1023. [PMID: 38755046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the advent of virtual interviews, the potential for interview hoarding by applicants became of greater concern due to lack of financial constraints associated with in-person interviewing. Simultaneously, the average number of applications submitted each year is rising. Currently there is no cap to the number of applications or interviews an applicant may complete when applying to residency, with the exception of ophthalmology with a cap of 15 interviews. No studies have assessed the applicants' perspectives on an application or interview cap. We assessed the attitudes of surgical subspecialty applicants towards capping, which may be useful when considering innovations in residency selection. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS About 1841 applicants to the Johns Hopkins' ophthalmology, urology, plastic surgery, and orthopedic surgery residency programs from the 2022-2023 cycle were invited to respond to a 22-item questionnaire. Statistical analyses of aggregate data were conducted using R. RESULTS Of the 776/1841 (42%) responses, 288 (40%) were in support of an application cap, while 455 (63%) were in support of an interview cap. Specialty (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), taking a gap year (p = 0.02), medical school region (p = 0.04), and number of interviews accepted off of a waitlist (p = 0.01) were all significantly associated with a difference in opinion regarding an application cap. Specialty (p < 0.001), USMLE Step 1 score (p = 0.004), number of interviews (p < 0.001), and number of programs ranked (p < 0.001) were all significantly associated with a difference in opinion regarding an interview cap. Of those applicants who were in support of the respective caps they believed that on average a cap should consist of 48.1 (16.1) applications and 16.0 (8.0) interviews. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the desire for interview caps among the majority of applicants to surgical subspecialties and thus this innovation may be considered by other specialties in the era of virtual interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetha Mudalegundi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marisa Clifton
- Department of Urology, Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Scott Lifchez
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dawn LaPorte
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Saras Ramanathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ahmed H Sabit
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fasika Woreta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Attlassy Y, Ahmed H, Kulkarni K, Rajpurohit V, Fefferman N, Taslakian B, Mabud TS. The Impact of Virtual Residency Interviews on the Geographic Distribution of Integrated Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology Residency Matches. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:1707-1713. [PMID: 38519299 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize how the adoption of virtual residency interviews (2020-2021 cycle) has impacted the geographic distribution of radiology resident matches. METHODS University-based interventional (IR) and diagnostic radiology (DR) residency programs from 2017 to 2021 were identified using a national residency database (FRIEDA). Public applicant data were obtained from official residency program websites. Medical schools and residency programs were categorized by US census regions. Geographic applicant distribution before and after the initiation of virtual interviews was statistically assessed using Chi-square tests. The effect of virtual interviews on the probability of matching within the same geographic region as one's medical school was evaluated with multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS 4358 radiology residents (88% diagnostic, 12% interventional) matched at 102 radiology programs during the study period. 71% (n = 3115 residents) had data available for analysis. 56.3% of DR and 49.3% of IR residents matched in the same geographic region as their medical school. The geographic distribution of applicants who matched at Southern IR residency programs significantly changed after implementation of virtual interviews (p < 0.0001). Virtual interviews did not increase the odds of matching in the same region as one's medical school for IR (OR 1.11, p = 0.08) or DR (OR 1.01, p = 0.58) applicants. Top-20 ranked DR programs had lower odds of in-region matches (OR 0.87, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION With few exceptions, shifting to virtual residency interviews did not significantly affect the geographic distribution of IR or DR residency matches. Top-ranked DR programs match more regionally diverse applicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Attlassy
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA.
| | - Hamza Ahmed
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Kopal Kulkarni
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Vikram Rajpurohit
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Nancy Fefferman
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Bedros Taslakian
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Tarub S Mabud
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, 530 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
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Mehkri Y, Pierzchajlo N, Kemeness C, Hey G, Sharaf R, Reddy A, Neil ZD, Sayed F, Gendreau J, Lucke-Wold B. A cost analysis of medical students applying to neurological surgery residency: An analysis of the Texas STAR database. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 117:151-155. [PMID: 37816269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical Students applying to neurosurgery residency programs incur substantial costs associated with interviews, away rotations, and application fees. However, few studies have compared expenses prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluates the financial impact of COVID-19 on the neurosurgery residency application and identifies strategies that may alleviate the financial burden of prospective neurosurgery residents. METHODS The TEXAS STAR database was surveyed for applicants of neurosurgical residency programs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) and post-pandemic (2022). 66 applicants for the 2021 application cycle and 50 applicants for the 2022 application cycle completed the survey. We compared application fees, away rotations cost, interview cost, and total expenses as reported by the neurosurgery applicants of the 2021 and 2022 application cycle. A Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test for data normality, and a Mann-Whitney U-Test was used to compare costs during the 2021 and 2022 neurosurgery application cycle. RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction in total expenses in 2021 vs 2022 ($3,934 vs $9,860). Interview and away rotation expenses decreased in 2021 vs 2022 (interview expenses $786 vs $4511, away rotation $1,083 vs $3,000, p < 0.001). Application fee expenses were not different between 2021 and 2022. The greatest reduction in application cost ($11,908) was seen in the South for 2021. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced total fees associated with the neurosurgical residency application. Virtual platforms in place of in-person interviews could lessen the financial burden on applicants and alleviate socioeconomic barriers in the neurosurgical application process after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Mehkri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | | | - Grace Hey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ramy Sharaf
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Akshay Reddy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Fudhial Sayed
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julian Gendreau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Sabesan V, Young L, Carlisle K, Vangaveti V, Vu T, Van Erp A, Kapur N. Effects of candidates' demographics and evaluation of the virtual Multiple Mini Interview (vMMI) as a tool for selection into paediatric training in Queensland. MEDICAL TEACHER 2023; 45:1148-1154. [PMID: 37019115 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2023.2195969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Queensland Basic Paediatric Training Network (QBPTN) is responsible for the selection of candidates into paediatric training in Queensland. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated interviews to be conducted 'virtually' as virtual Multiple-Mini-Interviews (vMMI). The study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics of candidates applying for selection into paediatric training in Queensland, and to explore their perspectives and experiences with the vMMI selection tool. METHODOLOGY The demographic characteristics of candidates and their vMMI outcomes were collected and analysed with a mixed methods approach. The qualitative component was comprised of seven semi-structured interviews with consenting candidates. RESULTS Seventy-one shortlisted candidates took part in vMMI and 41 were offered training positions. The demographic characteristics of candidates at various stages of selection were similar. The mean vMMI scores were not statistically different between candidates from the Modified Monash Model 1 (MMM1) location and others [mean (SD): 43.5 (5.1) versus 41.7 (6.7), respectively, p = 0.26]. However, there was a statistically significant difference (p value 0.03) between being offered and not offered a training position for candidates from MMM2 and above. The analysis of the semi-structured interviews suggested that candidate experiences of the vMMI were influenced by the quality of the management of the technology used. Flexibility, convenience, and reduced stress were the main factors that influenced candidates' acceptance of vMMI. Perceptions of the vMMI process focused on the need to build rapport and facilitate communication with the interviewers. DISCUSSION vMMI is a viable alternative to face-to-face (FTF) MMI. The vMMI experience can be improved by facilitating enhanced interviewer training, by making provision for adequate candidate preparation and by having contingency plans in place for unexpected technical challenges. Given government priorities in Australia, the impact of candidates' geographical location on the vMMI outcome for candidates from MMM >1 location needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanaja Sabesan
- Queensland Paediatric Training Network, Queensland Rural Medical Service (Darling Downs Health, Queensland Health), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Louise Young
- College of Medicine and Dentistry at James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karen Carlisle
- College of Medicine and Dentistry at James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Venkat Vangaveti
- College of Medicine and Dentistry at James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tung Vu
- Paediatric Education, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ansmarie Van Erp
- Strategic Business Development, Queensland Rural Medical Services (Darling Downs Health, Queensland Health), Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nitin Kapur
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Boudreau HS, Das S, George JA, Godzik J. Neurosurgery Applicant Perspective of Neurosurgery Residency Websites. World Neurosurg 2023; 171:e672-e678. [PMID: 36566981 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Applicants rely heavily on virtual information in the form of neurosurgery residency websites (NRWs) to better understand a program's culture, faculty, and opportunities. There is a paucity of information regarding the value of NRW on applicant decision making. The advent of the supplemental ERAS application and continuation of virtual interviews may increase the propensity of which applicants use NRW. The objective of our study was to distribute a survey to further understand applicants' perceptions and opinions of NRW, as well as provide future direction for NRW optimization. METHODS The current study is a single-institution, retrospective survey design. A survey was designed via Qualtrics software to evaluate applicant demographics, resident education, resident recruitment, and future directions. The survey includes the most frequently used variables on NRW. The survey was distributed to neurosurgery applicants who received an interview at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS Among the 293 applicants who received a link to the survey, 87/293 (29.7%) completed it. Respondents elected that useful website variables were "resident rotation schedules and hospital locations," "faculty listings and biographies," and "neurosurgery residency websites served as a first impression of a neurosurgery residency program." More than half of the respondents agreed that their rank list would not be the same without an NRW. The most strongly received statement for future directions was "Neurosurgery residency programs will benefit from renovating their residency website." CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest NRWs play a vital role in resident recruitment and decision making. Residency programs will benefit from this data and may use it to restructure their virtual recruitment tools and discover innovative virtual recruitment strategies. Our team elucidated the most important variables found on NRWs and proposed future directions for their improvement and the virtual application and recruitment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Boudreau
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Somnath Das
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jordan A George
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jakub Godzik
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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Jain A, Brown G, Hudson HT, Patel A, Herrera FA. A Leadership Perspective on the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Residency Application Cycle during the COVID-19 Pandemic. JPRAS Open 2022; 34:219-225. [PMID: 36245553 PMCID: PMC9540687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to identify leadership perspective on the impact of COVID-19 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery residency application cycle in 2020 and future implications. Methods A survey was sent to residency program leaders (RPL), consisting of program directors and division chiefs/chairs. The survey was sent weekly for a total of 4 weeks and remained open for a total of 28 days. Results 156 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) residency program leaders (RPL) were emailed. Response rate was 24% (38/156). 68% were division chiefs/chairs and 42% were program directors. 10% were both division chiefs/chairs and program directors. 78% were male. 87% of RPLs reported changes in number of away rotations, of which 91% reported less away rotations. Only 27% of programs provided virtual away rotations (VAR), and 88% of RPLs were not comfortable writing letters of recommendation after VARs. 100% reported that VARs influenced whether an applicant received an interview. 24 RPLs (63%) reported no changes how they viewed applications due to the pandemic. However, 5 (13%) reported USMLE scores were more important, 4 (11%) reported research more important, and 4 (11%) reported LORs more important. 66% did not feel they relied heavily on home institution candidates. 76% found virtual interviews effective in evaluating applicants and 71% reported they would add virtual interviews to future interview. Conclusions During 2020-2021 PRS residency application cycle, fewer away rotations were offered, and formerly in-person activities were moved to virtual platforms. Virtual activities caused difficulty assessing candidates for many residency programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jain
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Geoffrey Brown
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - H. Todd Hudson
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425,Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Ashish Patel
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Fernando A. Herrera
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425,Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425,Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29425,Corresponding Author: Fernando A. Herrera, Professor of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, CSB 404, Charleston, SC 29425
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Kebede S, Marxen T, Om A, Bakayoko N, Losken A. COVID-19 and the Integrated Plastic Surgery Match: An Update on Match Trends by Applicant Location. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4527. [PMID: 36172061 PMCID: PMC9512139 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 significantly impacted the residency match process. Away rotations and in-person interviews were canceled in 2021, resulting in a geographic shift in integrated plastic surgery match results. Although several of these limitations were lifted during the 2022 cycle, the resulting geographic outcomes have yet to be described. This study aims to determine whether the changes seen during the previous cycle persisted despite loosened restrictions. Methods Integrated plastic surgery match results and applicants' home institutions from the 2022 match cycle were determined using publicly available data. Geographic data from this cycle were then compared with pre-COVID-19 match cycles (2016-2020) and the COVID-19-affected 2021 match cycle. Results Eighty percent (n = 68) of US integrated plastic surgery programs were included in this study. In 2022, 18.42% of applicants matched at their home institution compared with 25.12% in 2021. There was no significant difference in home, state, or regional match rates between 2022 and the five cycles preceding the pandemic (2016-2020). Combining these data to reflect the non-COVID-19-affected cycles (2016-2020 and 2022) and comparing to the COVID-19-affected cycle (2021), a significant difference in rates of home matches (P = 0.0395) was identified. Conclusions A significant increase in home institution match rates was not noted during the 2022 cycle. This return to pre-COVID-19 rates is likely attributed to the loosening of restrictions and more opportunities for interaction between applicants and programs outside of their home institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kebede
- From the Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Troy Marxen
- From the Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Anjali Om
- From the Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Ngafla Bakayoko
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Atlanta, Ga. Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Albert Losken
- From the Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Atlanta, Ga
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Romano R, Mukherjee D, Michael LM, Huang J, Snyder MH, Reddy VP, Guzman K, Lane P, Johnson JN, Selden NR, Wolfe SQ. Optimizing the residency application process: insights from neurological surgery during the pandemic virtual application cycle. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:877-885. [PMID: 35061981 DOI: 10.3171/2021.11.jns211851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article, the authors describe the impact of the COVID-19 virtual match cycle and discuss approaches to optimize future cycles through applicant and neurosurgical education leadership insights. METHODS Anonymous surveys of neurosurgery program leaders (program directors and program chairs), program administrators (PAs), and 2020-2021 neurosurgery residency match applicants were distributed by the SNS, in conjunction with the Association of Resident Administrators in Neurological Surgery and AANS Young Neurosurgeons Committee. RESULTS Responses were received from 77 (67.0%) of 115 PAs, 119 (51.7%) of 230 program leaders, and 124 (44.3%) of 280 applicants representing geographically diverse regions. During the virtual application cycle relative to the previous year, programs received more Electronic Residency Application Service applications (mean 314.8 vs 285.3, p < 0.0001) and conducted more applicant interviews (mean 45.2 vs 39.9, p = 0.0003). More than 50% of applicants applied to > 80 programs; 60.3% received ≤ 20 interview invitations, and 9% received > 40 invitations. Overall, 65% of applicants completed ≤ 20 interviews, whereas 34.7% completed > 20 interviews. Program leaders described one 4-week home subinternship (93.3%) and two 4-week external subinternships (68.9%) as optimal neurosurgical exposure; 62.8% of program leaders found the standardized letter of recommendation template to be somewhat (47.5%) or significantly (15.3%) helpful. Applicants, PAs, and program leaders all strongly preferred a hybrid model of in-person and virtual interview options for future application cycles over all in-person or all virtual options. Ninety-three percent of applicants reported matching within their top 10-ranked programs, and 52.9% of programs matched residents within the same decile ranking as in previous years. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing a national strategy for the neurosurgery application process that prioritizes equity and reduces costs, while ensuring adequate exposure for applicants to gain educational opportunities and evaluate programs, is critical to maintain a successful training system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Romano
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Debraj Mukherjee
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - L Madison Michael
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Judy Huang
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - M Harrison Snyder
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vamsi P Reddy
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Katherine Guzman
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pamela Lane
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Nathan R Selden
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
| | - Stacey Q Wolfe
- 9Department of Neurological Surgery, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Impact of the Virtual Format on Plastic Surgery Residency and Fellowship Interviews: A National Cross-Sectional Study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 150:684e-690e. [PMID: 35819981 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2020-2021 residency and fellowship application cycles were profoundly affected by the introduction of virtual interviews (VIs). The authors investigate the impact that the virtual format (VF) had on plastic surgery residency and fellowship interviews from the perspectives of program directors (PDs). METHODS Surveys were sent to PDs of integrated plastic surgery residency (RPD) and fellowship (FPD) programs to ascertain their perspectives regarding the VF's impact on residency and fellowship interviews. PDs were stratified into residency and fellowship cohorts, and comparative analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 92 PDs, 28 RPDs and 64 FPDs, completed our survey (35%). When compared to in-person interviews, VIs were reported to be more economical and time efficient by RPDs (100% and 46%, respectively) and FPDs (97% and 48%, respectively). Consequentially, 36% and 47% of residency and fellowship programs were able to interview more applicants, respectively. RPDs and FPDs reported that VIs hindered their ability to assess applicants' fit with the program (75% and 63%, respectively), personality and communication skills (75% and 64%, respectively), and commitment to the field along with their ability to function as a trainee (57% and 50%, respectively). Overall, 71% of RPDs and 58% of FPDs preferred in-person interviews. The majority of residency (71%) and fellowship (56%) programs intend to conduct both in-person and VIs in future application cycles (p=0.12). CONCLUSIONS Despite preferring in-person interviews, PDs intend on hosting both in-person and VIs in future application cycles. It remains to be seen how VIs will be employed moving forward.
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Baloul MS, Lund S, D’Angelo J, Yeh VJH, Shaikh N, Rivera M. LEGO ®-based communication assessment in virtual general surgery residency interviews. GLOBAL SURGICAL EDUCATION : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR SURGICAL EDUCATION 2022; 1:22. [PMID: 38013704 PMCID: PMC9171471 DOI: 10.1007/s44186-022-00021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Effective communication skills are a critical quality and skill that is highly sought after for surgeons which largely impacts patient outcomes. Residency programs design their interview processes to select the best candidates. LEGO®-based activities have been frequently used to enhance communication skills and team building. This study investigates the effectiveness and reliability of a novel LEGO®-based communication assessment in interviews for surgical residencies and the feasibility of implementing it in a virtual setting. Methods This study conducted a retrospective analysis of a LEGO®-based communication assessment at the program's 2020/2021 residency interviews. Each applicant was assessed on a different model. The total scores were analyzed for consistency among raters and correlated to faculty interviews. Furthermore, the impact of the assessment structure, scoring criteria, and range of models' difficulties on the total scores were explored. Results A total of 54 categorical and 55 preliminary applicants interviewed on 2 days. The assessment on different models and had no impact on applicants' total scores for either categorical and preliminary groups (p = 0.791 and 0.709, respectively). The communication components of the assessment showed high consistency between the raters. The two applicant groups displayed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.004) in the communication evaluation and model accuracy components. Total scores did not correlate with the faculty interviews of standardized questions in either group. Conclusion This novel LEGO®-based communication assessment showed high reliability and promising results as a tool to assess communication and problem solving for residency interviews that can be readily implemented in a virtual setting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44186-022-00021-4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Lund
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Mayo Clinic Multidisciplinary Simulation Center, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Jonathan D’Angelo
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | | | | | - Mariela Rivera
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
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Alomari S, Lubelski D, Feghali J, Brem H, Witham T, Huang J. Impact of virtual vs. in-person interviews among neurosurgery residency applicants. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 101:63-66. [PMID: 35561432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interview is considered a key factor in selecting residents in various medical and surgical specialties. However, the reliability of the interview process in selecting neurosurgery training program applicants remains largely under-investigated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the reliability of the interview process for neurosurgery residency applicants and to evaluate the impact of virtual interviews on this process. METHODS We analyzed the records of neurosurgery residency applicant interviews at our institution between 2016 and 2021. An average of 20 neurosurgery faculty members (clinical and research) interviewed each applicant and graded them 1 (best) to 4 (worst). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Levene's test were used to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, respectively. RESULTS 214 neurosurgery residency applicants were interviewed at a single institution between 2016 and 2021. The mean applicant rating each year ranged from 1.77 to 1.92. Inter-rater agreement was relatively poor in each year, (ICC < 0.5, P < 0.05). Among 60% of the raters, variability of scores significantly changed from year to year, (p < 0.05). When comparing the scores submitted during the virtual interview process (2021) with the scores submitted in the previous years (2016-2020), 2 interviewers (10%) had less variability using the virtual process. CONCLUSION Our analysis found that the current interview process for neurosurgery residency applicants' selection suffers from poor inter- and intra-rater reliability. Virtual interviews may be part of a cost-effective strategy to improve the reliability of the interview process. Further validation is needed, as well as identification of novel strategies to maximize the reliability of the selection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Lubelski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James Feghali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Henry Brem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy Witham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Judy Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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12
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Haisley KR, Renshaw SM, Needleman BJ, Narula VK, Poulose BK, Perry KA. Virtual Interviews for Surgical Fellowship are an Acceptable Alternative to In-Person Interviews for Applicants and Faculty Alike. Surg Innov 2022; 29:781-787. [DOI: 10.1177/15533506221082713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: In-person interviews have traditionally been an integral part of the fellowship application process to allow faculty and applicants to interact and evaluate the intangible aspects of the matching process. COVID-19 has forced a transition away from in-person interviews to a virtual platform. This study sought to track faculty and applicant perspectives on this transition. Study Design: Prospectively collected survey data was obtained from all participants after each of 3 consecutive virtual interview days for minimally invasive surgery fellowship at a single academic institution. Results: One hundred percent (27/27 applicants and 9/9 faculty) of interview participants completed the survey. Cost (100% applicants, 77.8% faculty) was perceived as the greatest barrier to in-person interviews, and “inability to get a feel for the program/applicant” was the largest concern for virtual interviews (66.7% applicants, 88.9% faculty). After interviews, most participants strongly agreed that they were able to assess education (66.7% applicants, 77.8% faculty), clinical experience (70.4% applicants, 77.8% faculty), and research potential (70.4% applicants, 88.9% faculty) through the virtual platform. Only 44.4% of each group strongly agreed that they could assess “overall fit” equally as well. Most faculty (6/9, 66.7%), but fewer applicants (10/27, 37.0%), were willing to completely eliminate in-person interviews. Conclusion: Virtual interviews may be an acceptable alternative to in-person interviews in times of COVID-19 and beyond. Offering a virtual format may help to eliminate costs associated with in-person visits while adequately assessing the fit of a program for both applicants and faculty, though applicants still desire an in-person option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. Haisley
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Savannah M. Renshaw
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bradley J. Needleman
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vimal K. Narula
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin K. Poulose
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle A. Perry
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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13
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Iwai Y, Lenze NR, Mihalic AP, Becnel CM, Stitzenberg KB. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the residency match among surgical specialties. Surgery 2022; 171:1512-1518. [PMID: 34972590 PMCID: PMC8648584 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite unprecedented changes to undergraduate medical education and the residency selection process during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is little objective evidence on how the pandemic affected match outcomes such as matched applicant characteristics, interview distribution, geographic clustering, and associated costs. We investigated COVID-19’s impact on the residency match by comparing surgery applicants’ characteristics, interview distribution, and related costs from 2018 to 2020 to 2021. Methods Data from the Texas Seeking Transparency in Applications to Residency initiative were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, bivariate testing, and sensitivity analysis were performed to compare matched applicants in surgical specialties from 2018–2020 to 2021. Results This study included 5,258 applicants who matched into 10 surgical specialties from 2018 to 2021. In 2021, there was a decrease in proportion of students who reported a geographic connection to their matched program (38.4% vs 42.1%; P = .021) and no significant difference in number of interviews attended (mean [SD], 13.1 [6.2] vs 13.3 [4.7]; P = .136) compared to prior years. Applicants in 2021 had more research experiences and fewer honored clerkships (both P < .001), and these associations persisted in sensitivity analysis. Matched applicants in 2021 reported significantly lower total costs associated with the residency application process compared to 2018 to 2020 (mean [SD] $1,959 [1,275] vs $6,756 [4,081]; P < .001). Conclusion Although COVID-19 appeared to result in a reduction in number of honored clerkships, it may have provided more opportunities for students to engage in research. Overall, the adoption of virtual interviews and away rotations may have successfully mitigated some of the adverse consequences of the pandemic on the residency match for surgical specialties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Iwai
- The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Nicholas R Lenze
- The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. https://twitter.com/NRLenze
| | - Angela P Mihalic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. https://twitter.com/UMichSurgery
| | - Chad M Becnel
- Department of General Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA. https://twitter.com/cmbecnel
| | - Karyn B Stitzenberg
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. https://twitter.com/UNCSurgery
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Badiee RK, Hernandez S, Valdez JJ, NnamaniSilva ON, Campbell AR, Alseidi AA. Advocating for a New Residency Application Process: A Student Perspective. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2022; 79:20-24. [PMID: 34446382 PMCID: PMC8714002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for surgical residency programs to rethink their methods of evaluating and recruiting candidates. However, the past year has not been seamless, with a soaring number of applications, reports of programs and applicants having difficulty evaluating each other, and an increasingly uneven distribution of interviews among applicants. Consequently, many have called for national changes to the residency application process to address these longstanding concerns. RESULTS Here, we review the evolving literature and advocate for the permanent adoption of visiting rotations, virtual interviews with a universal release date and data-driven attendance limits, and opportunities for in-person applicant visits. CONCLUSIONS We believe these changes leverage the strengths of each format, allow for satisfactory bidirectional evaluation, and promote principles of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Badiee
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Sophia Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jessica J Valdez
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ogonna N NnamaniSilva
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andre R Campbell
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Adnan A Alseidi
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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15
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Sabesan V, Kapur N, Zemanek K, Levitt D, Vu T, Van Erp A. Implementation and evaluation of virtual multiple mini interviews as a selection tool for entry into paediatric postgraduate training: A Queensland experience. MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 44:87-94. [PMID: 34460339 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1967906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Queensland Basic Paediatric Training Network (QBPTN) is the centralised pathway for entry into paediatric training in Queensland, Australia. In response to COVID-19 travel and social distancing restrictions imposed in 2020, QBPTN successfully adopted a Virtual Multiple Mini Interviews (vMMIs) model for the selection of candidates for entry into paediatric training. The authors describe the planning, implementation, challenges, and evaluation of candidates' and interviewers' experiences of vMMIs, including the differences between candidates from two geographical areas. METHODS The contents of six vMMI stations were similar to face-to-face MMI. Implementation required the identification of ZOOMTM as a preferred online platform, securing venues, communication, development of contingency plans and central coordination by the network. Candidates' experiences with vMMI were explored through thematic analysis of the qualitative data from focus groups and free text responses, and descriptive analysis of SurveyMonkey© questionnaire responses. Experiences between 'metropolitan' and 'regional and interstate' candidates were compared. RESULTS 5-minute stations with 2-minute pre-reading were used. 78 candidates and 14 interviewers participated in the selection process. All candidates attended the focus group. 58.7% of candidates responded to post vMMI questionnaire. 93% of survey responders were happy to undertake vMMI in the future, with 23% feeling they would have performed better in face-to-face. Experiences between 'metropolitan' and 'other' groups were similar. Positive experiences of participants were related to the user-friendly IT platform, successful pre-interview communications, preparation, convenience, time, and cost savings. Stress related IT failures and difficulties establishing rapport with interviewers were reported as the main negative experiences. CONCLUSION 'vMMI' is a feasible and acceptable method of selection into paediatric training. vMMI has many benefits and can be implemented relatively quickly by addressing key logistical requirements. The model under discussion could be adapted by other centres based on local needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanaja Sabesan
- Queensland Paediatric Training Network, Queensland Rural Medical Service (Darling Downs Health, Queensland Health), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nitin Kapur
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kylie Zemanek
- Queensland Paediatric Training Network, Queensland Rural Medical Service (Darling Downs Health, Queensland Health), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Levitt
- Department of Paediatric Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Paediatric Education, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tung Vu
- Department of Paediatrics, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
| | - Ansmarie Van Erp
- Queensland Rural Medical Services (Darling Downs Health, Queensland Health), Brisbane, Australia
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16
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Reply: COVID-19: Perspectives from Students Pursuing Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 149:350e. [PMID: 34965238 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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The Experience of Virtual Interviews in Resident Selection: A Survey of Program Directors in Surgery. J Surg Res 2021; 270:208-213. [PMID: 34706297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MATCH 2021 was short of the classic "in-person" component. Herein, we assess the impact of virtual interviews (VIs) on resident selection, from the perspectives of program directors (PDs) across all surgical specialties. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey-based study of ACGME-accredited US residency program directors (PDs) of all surgical specialties. The survey was designed based on a review of relevant literature and inquired about the strengths, limitations, and overall utility of VIs. RESULTS A total of 365 PDs responded to our survey. Almost all respondents (90%) found VIs to be less expensive than in-person interviews, while only 34% agree that VIs were less time-consuming. Only a median of 5% of interviews was complicated by technical difficulties. Most PDs found it more challenging to assess applicants' fit (75%), personality and communication skills (71%), and commitment to specialty (60%). Only 14% found VIs to be overall better for assessing residency applicants. In future cycles, most PDs are planning to host both virtual and in-person interviews (57%), while 35% and 8% will host exclusive in-person and virtual interviews, respectively. CONCLUSIONS VIs are a novel way of dealing with the restrictions imposed by COVID-19. Despite their cost and time benefit, they present particular challenges in evaluating residency applicants. A combination of both virtual and in-person interviews will likely be implemented in the coming cycles.
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19
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Lenze NR, Mihalic AP, Kovatch KJ, Thorne MC, Kupfer RA. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2021 Otolaryngology Residency Match: Analysis of the Texas STAR Database. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:1177-1183. [PMID: 34515992 PMCID: PMC8661614 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives/Hypothesis To estimate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on the 2021 otolaryngology match with regard to geographic clustering, interview distribution, applicant‐reported costs, and matched applicant characteristics. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Survey data from applicants to otolaryngology residency programs were obtained from the Texas Seeking Transparency in Applications to Residency database. Applicant differences between the 2021 match year and prior match years (2018, 2019, and 2020) were analyzed using two‐sided t‐tests, Chi‐square tests, and Fisher's exact tests. Results A total of 442 otolaryngology residency applicants responded to the survey, including 329 from the match years 2018 to 2020 and 113 from match year 2021. In 2021, 30.7% of responding applicants reported matching at a program where they had a geographic connection, compared to 40.0% in prior years (P = .139). Matched applicants in 2021 reported attending less interviews than applicants in prior years (mean 12.2 vs. 13.3, P = .040), and 26.1% of responding applicants reported matching at a program where they sent a preference signal. Applicants in the 2021 match reported significantly lower total costs than applicants in prior years (mean difference −$5,496, 95% confidence interval −$6,234 to −$4,759; P < .001). Compared to prior match years, matched applicants in 2021 had no meaningful differences in characteristics such as United States Medical Licensing Exam board scores, clerkship grades, honors society memberships, research output, volunteer experiences, or leadership experiences. Conclusion Based on this sample, there was no evidence of significant interview hoarding or increased geographic clustering in the 2021 otolaryngology match, and the COVID‐19 pandemic did not appear to result in significantly different matched applicant characteristics. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 132:1177–1183, 2022
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Lenze
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Angela P Mihalic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Kevin J Kovatch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Marc C Thorne
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Robbi A Kupfer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
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20
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Rajesh A, Asaad M, Elmorsi R, Ferry AM, Maricevich RS. The Virtual Interview Experience for MATCH 2021: A Pilot Survey of General Surgery Residency Program Directors. Am Surg 2021:31348211038555. [PMID: 34384253 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211038555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual interviews (VIs) for the 2020 residency application season were mandated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to determine the perspectives of general surgery (GS) program directors (PDs) on the benefits and drawbacks of VIs. METHODS A 14-item survey was emailed to all GS PDs from programs identified on the American Council for Graduate Medical Education website. Program directors were asked about the cost-time benefit of VIs, its ability to assess candidates, and their thoughts on the future of VIs for evaluating residency applicants. RESULTS 60 PDs responded corresponding to a response rate of 21%. While 93% agreed/strongly agreed that VIs were less expensive, only 35% found VIs to be less time-consuming. 75% and 67%, respectively, disagreed/strongly disagreed that VIs allowed for an easier assessment of an applicant's fit, and personality and communication skills. Almost one-half of our survey respondents suggested that VIs made the selection committee rely more heavily on objective applicant data. Almost two-thirds of GS PDs suggested that they would adopt both VI and in-person interview formats for future application cycles. The median [interquartile range] cost saved through the implementation of VIs was US$ 4500 [1625 - 10 000]. CONCLUSION Remarkably, VIs have been swiftly imbibed by all residency programs and many aspects of the VI experience were positive. While MATCH 2021 has definitely proved to be one of its kind, the implementation of VIs has been met with overall broad success and a promising future awaits this novel modality of resident selection to GME programs in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashish Rajesh
- Department of Surgery, 14742University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Malke Asaad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 571198MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rami Elmorsi
- Faculty of Medicine, 68780Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Andrew M Ferry
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Jimenez AE, Khalafallah AM, Romano RM, Chambless LB, Wolfe SQ, Witham TF, Huang J, Mukherjee D. Perceptions of the Virtual Neurosurgery Application Cycle During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Program Director Survey. World Neurosurg 2021; 154:e590-e604. [PMID: 34363998 PMCID: PMC8461646 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a shift to virtual residency interviews for the 2020-2021 neurosurgery match, with unknown implications for stakeholders. This study seeks to analyze the perceptions of residency program directors (PDs) and associate program directors (APDs) regarding the current virtual format used for residency selection and interviews. METHODS An anonymous, 30-question survey was constructed and sent to 115 neurosurgery PDs and 26 APDs to assess respondent demographics, factors used to review applicants, perceptions of applicants and applicant engagement, perceptions of standardized letters and interview questions, the effect of the virtual interview format on various stakeholders, and the future outlook for the virtual residency interview format. RESULTS A total of 38 PDs and APDs completed this survey, constituting a response rate of 27.0%. Survey respondents received significantly more Electronic Residency Application Service applications in the 2020-2021 cycle compared with the 2019-2020 cycle (P = 0.0029). Subinternship performance by home-rotators, (26.3%), letters of recommendation (23.7%), and Step 1 score (18.4%) were ranked as the most important factors for evaluating candidates during the current virtual application cycle. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights that applicants applied to a greater number of residency programs compared with years prior, that the criteria used by PDs/APDs to evaluate applicants remained largely consistent compared to previous years, and that the virtual residency interview format may disproportionately disadvantage Doctor of Osteopathic medicine and international medical graduate applicants. Further exploring attitudes toward signaling mechanisms and standardized letters may serve to inform changes to future neurosurgery match cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian E Jimenez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adham M Khalafallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert M Romano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lola B Chambless
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stacey Quintero Wolfe
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy F Witham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Judy Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Debraj Mukherjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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22
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Rockney D, Benson CA, Blackburn BG, Chirch LM, Konold VJL, Luther VP, Razonable RR, Tackett S, Melia MT. Virtual Recruitment Is Here to Stay: A Survey of ID Fellowship Program Directors and Matched Applicants Regarding Their 2020 Virtual Recruitment Experiences. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab383. [PMID: 34395715 PMCID: PMC8360240 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Graduate Medical Education training programs transitioned to all-virtual recruitment in 2020. Limited data have been published regarding the consequences of this transition. We aimed to understand (1) infectious diseases (ID) fellowship programs’ recruitment efforts and the effect of virtual recruitment on application and interview numbers and (2) the number of programs to which matched applicants applied and interviewed and applicants’ perspectives on virtual recruitment. Methods In 2020–2021, we surveyed all US ID fellowship program directors (PDs) and matched applicants. Descriptive data analysis was performed on quantitative survey items. Free-text responses were analyzed through a quantitative content analysis approach. Results The PD response rate was 68/158 (43%); the applicant response rate was at least 23% (85/365). PDs reported a 27% increase in mean number of applications received and a 45% increase in mean number of applicants interviewed compared with the previous year. Applicants especially valued the online program structure information, PD program overview videos, didactic and curriculum content, and fellow testimonials and profiles. Most applicants preferred interviews lasting no more than 40 minutes and interview days lasting no more than 5 hours. Nearly all (60/64, 94%) PDs adequately learned about candidates; most (48/64, 75%) felt unable to showcase their program as well as when in-person. Most PDs (54/64, 84%) and applicants (56/73, 77%) want an option for virtual recruitment. Conclusions Virtual recruitment enabled programs to accommodate more applicants and highlighted applicants’ preferences for programs’ augmented online presences and time-limited interview days. Most programs and applicants want an option for virtual interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Rockney
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Constance A Benson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Brian G Blackburn
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lisa M Chirch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Victoria J L Konold
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Vera P Luther
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raymund R Razonable
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sean Tackett
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Data Management Core, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael T Melia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Doctority: Plastic Surgery-An Informative Podcast for Applicants to Learn about Plastic Surgery Training Programs. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2021; 9:e3717. [PMID: 34316426 PMCID: PMC8301280 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic limited the ability of medical students to participate in plastic surgery sub-internships and to attend residency interviews in person during the 2020–2021 match cycle. A podcast and accompanying online directory were created to introduce integrated plastic surgery residency programs to medical students from the perspective of current residents. Since July 2020, a total of 49 plastic surgery residents representing 42 programs have participated in the podcast. Topics of discussion included program logistics, faculty leadership, and aspects of resident lifestyle of interest to medical students and future residency candidates. The podcast has had a total of 5072 downloads (mean 121 downloads per episode). The majority of listeners (90%) were in the United States. Twenty-five plastic surgery applicants who participated in the 2020–2021 National Resident Matching Program match cycle responded to a feedback survey. Listeners reported that the podcast was useful for preparing for interviews, making rank lists, and learning about programs that they otherwise would not have considered. Most listeners (90%) ranked the podcast as one of their top three resources for learning about plastic surgery programs during the application and interview process. Future directions include completion of episodes for all integrated plastic surgery programs and expansion to other surgical subspecialties and plastic surgery fellowships.
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Interview Hoarding: Disparities in the Integrated Plastic Surgery Application Cycle in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 87:1-2. [PMID: 33661212 PMCID: PMC8224689 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Effect of COVID-19 on Geographic Distribution of the Integrated Plastic Surgery Match. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2021; 9:e3676. [PMID: 34235040 PMCID: PMC8225370 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 had significant impact on the 2021 integrated plastic surgery match, most notably through cancellation of away rotations and virtual interviews. While previous studies have analyzed geographic outcomes of the match in prior years, the effects of COVID-19 have not been determined. This study aims to contribute 2021 match data to determine the effects of COVID-19 on the geographic distribution of the integrated plastic surgery match. Methods: Official match results for each program were populated by searching official program institutional websites and social media pages. Trainees’ home medical institutions and current integrated plastic surgery residency programs were noted. Statistical analysis compared geographic distribution in COVID-19 affected (2021) and non-COVID-19 affected (2015-2020) match years. Results: Of 85 integrated plastic surgery programs, 80% (n = 68) of programs and 1,015 matched trainees were included in this study. The average percentage of institutional matches in COVID-19-affected match year was 25.12%, compared to 16.67% for non-COVID-19-affected match years (p = 0.0012). The odds ratio of matching at a home institution in 2021 compared to prior years was 1.68 (95% CI 1.11-2.53). Conclusions: Our study is consistent with previous studies that demonstrate strong match preferences for affiliated medical students but also adds that this trend may be amplified in the post-COVID-19 era. While multiple factors may be involved in geographic distributions of residency match outcomes, the results of this study suggest that COVID-19 restrictions on travel and exposure to outside programs may have contributed to an even higher percentage of matches within the same institution.
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