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Ahmed A, Kyllo RL, Koza E, Haq M, Shi VJ, Ma M, Weil A, Wan HT, Poon E, Pearlman R, Schlessinger DI, Cahn BA, Alam M. Metabolic effects of tumescent liposuction. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 316:59. [PMID: 38151663 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Areeba Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel L Kyllo
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Koza
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Misha Haq
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Victoria J Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melissa Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexandra Weil
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hoi Ting Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emily Poon
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ross Pearlman
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel I Schlessinger
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian A Cahn
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Murad Alam
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Macvanin MT, Rizzo M, Radovanovic J, Sonmez A, Paneni F, Isenovic ER. Role of Chemerin in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112970. [PMID: 36428537 PMCID: PMC9687862 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity is closely connected to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Excess fat accumulation is associated with metabolic malfunctions that disrupt cardiovascular homeostasis by activating inflammatory processes that recruit immune cells to the site of injury and reduce nitric oxide levels, resulting in increased blood pressure, endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Adipose tissue produces adipokines, such as chemerin, that may alter immune responses, lipid metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and angiogenesis. (2) Methods: We performed PubMed and MEDLINE searches for articles with English abstracts published between 1997 (when the first report on chemerin identification was published) and 2022. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles analyzed in the context of the role of chemerin in CVDs, explicitly focusing on the most recent findings published in the past five years. (3) Results: This review summarizes up-to-date findings related to mechanisms of chemerin action, its role in the development and progression of CVDs, and novel strategies for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for treating CVDs. (4) Conclusions: Extensive evidence points to chemerin's role in vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation, which opens up exciting perspectives for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alper Sonmez
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gulhane School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 34668, Turkey
| | - Francesco Paneni
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Henderson JT, Koenig ZA, Woodberry KM. Changes in Glucose Control and Lipid Levels Following Trunk-Based Body Contouring Surgery in Postbariatric and Nonbariatric Patients. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2022; 4:ojac076. [PMID: 36447651 PMCID: PMC9687815 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite consistent interest over the past 2 decades regarding the metabolic effects of body contouring (BC), previous studies are limited by short follow-up periods, small sample sizes, gender-specific cohorts, and assessment of all anatomic regions together. Objectives This study evaluates the changes in glucose and lipid levels over long-term follow up after trunk-based BC and compares postbariatric with nonbariatric patients. Methods The retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent trunk-based BC from January 1, 2009 through July 31, 2020 at West Virginia University. A minimum 12-month follow up was required for inclusion. With BC surgery as the reference point, patients' glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and lipid levels were assessed prior to surgery and at long-term follow up. Change over time was compared between postbariatric and nonbariatric cohorts. Multivariable linear regression models were performed to assess the effect of potential confounding variables on the difference between cohorts. Results Seventy-seven BC patients had glucose levels evaluated during the study period, and 36 had lipid profiles obtained. Average follow up from date of BC was 41.2 months for the patients with glucose follow up and 40.9 months for those with lipid levels. From pre-BC to endpoint follow up, glucose levels mildly increased in all patients. Multivariable linear regression models accounting for age showed nonbariatric patients experience significantly improved total cholesterol levels compared to postbariatric patients (P = 0.0320). Weight loss maintained following BC was not associated with significant differences between cohorts. Conclusions Fasting glucose levels marginally increase in most BC patients through follow up. Nonbariatric patients generally experience more favorable changes in lipid profile following trunk-based BC than do postbariatric patients. Level of Evidence 3
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Henderson
- Corresponding Author: Dr Joshua T. Henderson, PO Box 9238 HSC-S, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. E-mail: ; Instagram: @joshhendersonmd; Twitter: @JoshHendersonMD
| | - Zachary A Koenig
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to examine recent evidence supporting effectiveness of bariatric surgery and abdominal lipectomy as interventional strategies aimed at reduction in incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related morbidity and mortality in obese and metabolic syndrome patients. RECENT FINDINGS While several studies show reduction in CVD risk factors in patients who have undergone both the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, very few demonstrate actual improvements in cardiovascular function, or a decrease in CVD events or CVD-related mortality. Consequently, the cardiovascular benefits of the less invasive sleeve gastrectomy in comparison to the gastric bypass are also unclear. Striking new data on large patient samples demonstrate significant positive correlation between gastric bypass and CVD risk factor reduction only in patients who are diabetic or > 50 years of age at the time of surgery, with no significant differences in non-diabetic and younger patients and with significant side effects. On the other hand, a markedly less invasive removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue via lipectomy consistently and significantly improved CVD risk factors as well as cardiovascular function in the very few studies available. Overall, neither the potential nor the definitive cardiovascular benefits of either of the commonly used bariatric surgical or the various lipectomy procedures have been adequately explored. Future basic science and clinical studies have the opportunity to understand the mechanisms and long-term consequences of both approaches and develop personalized approaches with higher benefit to side effect ratios.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In the multidisciplinary treatment of obesity, the role of a plastic surgeon is to remove the excess of skin after weight loss to obtain cosmetic, functional, and psychological benefits. Obesity modifies body geometry, increases the mass of different segments, and imposes functional limitations in life activities that may predispose the obese to injury. The authors evaluated the postural conditions of obese patients, before and 12 months after surgery. METHODS The study included 15 obese patients of both genders affected by class II obesity. Postural function was evaluated preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively. Patients underwent conventional abdominoplasty surgical procedure. In all patients, plantar pressure distribution and balance (stabilometric test) were evaluated before and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS The static pedobarographic revealed a significant reduction in forefoot peak pressure; total plantar force; rearfoot plantar force percentage; midfoot plantar force percentage; and forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot plantar contact areas percentage 3 months after surgery; the dynamic's one showed a reduction in the first metatarsal peak pressure and plantar contact. The stabilometric values showed a reduction in the range of center of foot pressure (CP) displacement along y axis, the average displacement of the CP speed from the mean (RMS y velocity), and CP mean peak in the condition of vision. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the beneficial effect of dermolipectomies and the consequential weight loss on postural stability of obese men. Such findings may support the hypothesis that dermolipectomy may improve postural stability with and without vision. The data demonstrate that the benefits are related to the magnitude of the resected tissue.
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D'Onofrio N, Pieretti G, Ciccarelli F, Gambardella A, Passariello N, Rizzo MR, Barbieri M, Marfella R, Nicoletti G, Balestrieri ML, Sardu C. Abdominal Fat SIRT6 Expression and Its Relationship with Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways in Pre-Diabetic Overweight Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1153. [PMID: 30845774 PMCID: PMC6429119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
: The role of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in adipose abdominal tissue of pre-diabetic (pre-DM) patients is poorly known. Here, we evaluated SIRT6 expression in visceral abdominal fat of obese pre-diabetic patients and the potential effects of metformin therapy. Results indicated that obese pre-DM subjects showed low SIRT6 protein expression and high expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1). Obese pre-DM patients showed high values of glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C reactive protein (CRP), nitrotyrosine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and low values of insulin (p < 0.05). Of note, abdominal fat tissue of obese pre-DM patients treated with metformin therapy presented higher SIRT6 expression and lower NF-κB, PPAR-γ, and SREBP-1 expression levels compared to pre-DM control group. Collectively, results show that SIRT6 is involved in the inflammatory pathway of subcutaneous abdominal fat of obese pre-DM patients and its expression responds to metformin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gorizio Pieretti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nicola Passariello
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Up-regulation of PCSK9 gene expression and diminished level of LDL-receptor in rat liver as a potential cause of post-lipectomy hypercholesterolemia. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 455:207-217. [PMID: 30483910 PMCID: PMC6445806 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies designed to examine effects of fat mass reduction (including lipodystrophy and lipectomy) on human serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to examine effect of partial lipectomy in rats (as an experimental model of fat mass reduction in humans) on (1) circulating total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol + VLDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and (2) factors which may affect serum cholesterol concentrations such as: (a) liver LDL-receptor level, (b) expression of liver PCSK9 and (c) circulating PCSK9 concentration. Reduction of rat adipose tissue mass resulted in an increase in circulating total and LDL + VLDL—cholesterol concentrations, which was associated with (a) decrease in liver LDL-R level, (b) increase in liver PCSK9 expression, and (c) increase in circulating PCSK9 concentration as compared with sham controls. These changes were accompanied by elevated liver HNF1α (and HNF4α) mRNA levels. Silencing HNF1α in HepG2 cells by siRNA led to decrease in PCSK9 mRNA levels. This suggests that overexpression of HNF1α gene in liver of lipectomized rats can lead to overproduction of PCSK9. In conclusion, up-regulation of PCSK9, due to overexpression of HNF1α gene in liver of lipectomized rats and subsequently increase in circulating PCSK9 concentration lead to decrease in liver LDL-R level. This may contribute, at least in part, to an increase in the concentration of circulating cholesterol in rats with reduced fat mass. These findings provide a possible explanation for the molecular mechanism of hypercholesterolemia observed sometimes after reduction of fat mass in human.
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Sardu C, Pieretti G, D'Onofrio N, Ciccarelli F, Paolisso P, Passavanti MB, Marfella R, Cioffi M, Mone P, Dalise AM, Ferraraccio F, Panarese I, Gambardella A, Passariello N, Rizzo MR, Balestrieri ML, Nicoletti G, Barbieri M. Inflammatory Cytokines and SIRT1 Levels in Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat: Relationship With Cardiac Performance in Overweight Pre-diabetics Patients. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1030. [PMID: 30246793 PMCID: PMC6111758 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: In obese patients the superficial adipose tissue expresses cytokines, and sirtuins, that may affect myocardial function. In this study, we investigated the effect of metformin therapy added to a hypocaloric diet on the inflammatory pattern and cardiac performance (MPI) in obese patients with pre-diabetic condition. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight obese patients that were enrolled for abdominoplastic surgery were divided into patients with pre-diabetic condition (n 40) and normo-glycemic patients (n18). Patients with pre-diabetic condition were randomly assigned to metformin therapy added to a hypocaloric diet (group 1, n 20) or to a hypocaloric diet therapy alone (group 2, n20). Patients with normo-glycemic condition were assigned to a hypocaloric diet therapy. Results: During enrollment, obese patients with a pre-diabetic condition (group 1 and 2) presented higher glucose values, lower values of insulin, and higher values of the homeostasis model for the assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) than obese patients with normo-glycemic condition(group 3). In addition, they had higher values of C Reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6), and lower values of sirtuin 1(SIRT1). In the 12th month of the follow-up, metformin therapy induced in patients with pre-diabetic condition (group 1) a significant reduction of glucose values, HOMA-IR, and inflammatory markers such as CRP (1.04 ± 0.48 vs. 0.49 ± 0.02 mmol/L, p < 0.05), IL6 (4.22 ± 0.45 vs. 3.33 ± 0.34 pg/ml, p < 0.05), TNFα (6.95 ± 0.59 vs. 5.15 ± 0.44 pg/ml, p < 0.05), and Nitrotyrosine (5,214 ± 0,702 vs. 2,151 ± 0,351 nmol/l, p < 0.05). This was associated with a significant reduction of Intima-media thickness (1.01 ± 0.15 vs. 0.86 ± 0.15 mm, p < 0.05), Septum (14 ± 2.5 vs. 10.5 ± 2 mm, p < 0.05), Posterior wall (11 ± 1.5 vs. 8 ± 1 mm, p < 0.05), LV mass (192.5 ± 49.5 vs. 133.2 ± 37.6 g, p < 0.05) and of MPI (0.58 ± 0.03 vs. 0.38 ± 0.02, p < 0.05). At 12 months of follow-up, group 2 experienced only a reduction of cholesterol (4.15 ± 0.94 vs. 4.51 ± 0.88 mmol/L, p < 0.05) and triglycerides (1.71 ± 1.18 vs. 1.83 ± 0.54 mmol/L, p < 0.05). At 12 months of follow-up, group 3 experienced a significant reduction of inflammatory markers, and also of echographic parameters, associated with amelioration of myocardial performance. To date, IL6 expression was related to higher values of left ventricle mass (R-value 0.272, p-value 0.039), and to higher IMT (R-value 0.272, p-value 0.039), such as those observed for CRP (R-value 0.308, p-value 0.021), for glucose blood values (R-value 0.449, p-value 0.001), and for HOMA-IR (R-value 0.366, p-value 0.005). An inverse correlation was found between subcutaneous fat expression of SIRT1 and myocardial performance index (R-value-0.236, p-value 0.002). Conclusion: In obese patients with pre-diabetic condition a metformin therapy may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and this may be associated with the amelioration of the cardiac performance. Clinical research trial number: NCT03439592.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestino Sardu
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gorizio Pieretti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Feliciano Ciccarelli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria B. Passavanti
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Cioffi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna M. Dalise
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Ferraraccio
- Department of Clinical, Public and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Panarese
- Department of Clinical, Public and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Passariello
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria R. Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria L. Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Nicoletti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Bianco A, Nigro E, Monaco ML, Matera MG, Scudiero O, Mazzarella G, Daniele A. The burden of obesity in asthma and COPD: Role of adiponectin. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 43:20-25. [PMID: 28115224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The influence of obesity on development, severity and prognosis of both asthma and COPD is attracting growing interest. The impact of obesity on the respiratory system ranges from structural modifications (decline of total lung capacity) to humoral alterations. Adipose tissue strongly contributes to the establishment of an inflammatory state being an important source of adipokines. Amongst adipokines, adiponectin is an important component of organ cross talk with adipose tissue exerting protective effects on a variety of pathophysiological processes. Adiponectin is secreted in serum where it abundantly circulates as complexes of different molecular weight. Adiponectin properties are mediated by specific receptors that are widely expressed with AdipoR1, AdipoR2, and T-cadherin being present on epithelial and endothelial pulmonary cells indicating a functional role on lung physiology. In COPD, mild to moderate obesity has been shown to have protective effects on patient's survival, while a higher mortality rate has been observed in patients with low BMI. A specific cluster of obese patients has been identified; in this group, asthma features are particularly severe and difficult to treat. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the base of cross talk among different tissues and organs will lead to identification of new targets for both diagnosis and treatment of asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-Toraciche e Respiratorie, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via L. Bianchi, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100 Caserta, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via L. Bianchi, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Olga Scudiero
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gennaro Mazzarella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-Toraciche e Respiratorie, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via L. Bianchi, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100 Caserta, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
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Seretis K, Goulis DG, Koliakos G, Demiri E. The effects of abdominal lipectomy in metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in females: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism 2015; 64:1640-9. [PMID: 26475176 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Lipectomy offers a unique opportunity to permanently reduce the absolute number of fat cells, though its functional role remains unclear. This systematic and meta-analysis review aims to assess the effect of abdominal lipectomy on metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in women. METHODS A predetermined protocol, established according to the Cochrane Handbook's recommendations, was used. An electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and CENTRAL electronic databases was conducted from inception to May 14, 2015. This search was supplemented by a review of reference lists of potentially eligible studies and a manual search of key journals in the field of plastic surgery. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥1month of follow-up that included females only who underwent abdominal lipectomy and reported on parameters of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. RESULTS The systematic review included 11 studies with a total of 271 individuals. Conflicting results were revealed, though most studies showed no significant metabolic effects after lipectomy. The meta-analysis included 4 studies with 140 subjects. No significant changes were revealed between lipectomy and control groups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides evidence that abdominal lipectomy in females does not affect significantly the components of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Further high quality studies are needed to elucidate the potential metabolic effects of abdominal lipectomy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Seretis
- Plastic Surgeon, private practice, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efterpi Demiri
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Short- and Long-Term Effects of Abdominal Lipectomy on Weight and Fat Mass in Females: a Systematic Review. Obes Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Shah RV, Abbasi SA, Heydari B, Rickers C, Jacobs DR, Wang L, Kwong RY, Bluemke DA, Lima JA, Jerosch-Herold M. Insulin resistance, subclinical left ventricular remodeling, and the obesity paradox: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61:1698-706. [PMID: 23500236 PMCID: PMC4114341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG), insulin resistance, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) had effects on cardiac remodeling, independent of obesity, in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) trial. BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that central obesity and insulin resistance may be primary mediators of obesity-related cardiac remodeling independent of body mass index (BMI). METHODS We investigated 4,364 subjects without diabetes in the MESA trial. IFG (100 to 125 mg/dl) or insulin resistance (by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and WHR were used for cardiometabolic phenotyping. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the effects of the cardiometabolic markers on left ventricular (LV) remodeling, assessed primarily through the LV mass-to-volume ratio obtained by cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Individuals with IFG were more likely to be older and hypertensive, with increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors regardless of BMI. In each quartile of BMI, subjects with above-median HOMA-IR, above-median WHR, or IFG had a higher LV mass-to-volume ratio (p < 0.05 for all). HOMA-IR (p < 0.0001), WHR (p < 0.0001), and the presence of IFG (p = 0.04), but not BMI (p = 0.24), were independently associated with LV mass-to-volume ratio after adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, race, and dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance and WHR were associated with concentric LV remodeling independent of BMI. These results support the emerging hypothesis that the cardiometabolic phenotype, defined by insulin resistance and central obesity, may play a critical role in LV remodeling independently of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi V. Shah
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Siddique A. Abbasi
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| | - Bobak Heydari
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| | - Carsten Rickers
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - David R. Jacobs
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lu Wang
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston, MA
| | - Raymond Y. Kwong
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| | - David A. Bluemke
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
| | - Joao A.C. Lima
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
| | - Michael Jerosch-Herold
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Department of Radiology,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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Cintra W, Modolin M, Faintuch J, Gemperli R, Ferreira MC. C-reactive protein decrease after postbariatric abdominoplasty. Inflammation 2012; 35:316-20. [PMID: 21455591 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In a prospective study, indices of glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, and systemic inflammation were monitored after an aesthetic abdominoplasty, aiming to scrutinize the possible metabolic benefits for abdominal fat removal. Premenopausal females with substantial weight loss (N=40) undergoing circumferential abdominoplasty (index group, n=20) or augmentation mammoplasty with mastopexy (controls, n=20) were recruited. All of them originally underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Variables included BMI, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, glucose, and HbA1c. Follow-up reached 20.3 ± 13.6 months for index cases and 29.5 ± 17.4 months for controls. The metabolic and inflammatory indices improved after the bariatric surgery. Subsequent monitoring indicated a stable body weight and biochemical profile in both groups. The exceptions were HDL cholesterol and C-reactive protein, which respectively increased and diminished after the abdominoplasty, consistent with an inflammatory and metabolic advantage for this operation. This is the first long-term study in a weight-stable population to point out such a pattern after abdominoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Cintra
- Plastic Surgery Service, Hospital das Clinicas, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05403-900, Brazil
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Abstract
Childhood obesity has become major health concern for physicians, parents, and health agencies around the world. Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk for other diseases not only during youth but also later in life, including diabetes, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, and fatty liver disease. Importantly, obesity accelerates atherosclerosis progression already in children and young adults. With regard to pathophysiological changes in the vasculature, the striking similarities between physiological changes related to aging and obesity-related abnormalities are compatible with the concept that obesity causes "premature" vascular aging. This article reviews factors underlying the accelerated vascular disease development due to obesity. It also highlights the importance of recognizing childhood obesity as a disease condition and its permissive role in aggravating the development of other diseases. The importance of childhood obesity for disease susceptibility later in life, and the need for prevention and treatment are also discussed.
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Abstract
Childhood obesity has become major health concern for physicians, parents, and health agencies around the world. Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk for other diseases not only during youth but also later in life, including diabetes, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, and fatty liver disease. Importantly, obesity accelerates atherosclerosis progression already in children and young adults. With regard to pathophysiological changes in the vasculature, the striking similarities between physiological changes related to aging and obesity-related abnormalities are compatible with the concept that obesity causes "premature" vascular aging. This article reviews factors underlying the accelerated vascular disease development due to obesity. It also highlights the importance of recognizing childhood obesity as a disease condition and its permissive role in aggravating the development of other diseases. The importance of childhood obesity for disease susceptibility later in life, and the need for prevention and treatment are also discussed.
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Role of Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat on Cardiac Function and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Premenopausal Obese Women: Erratum. Ann Plast Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/01.sap.0000366091.68484.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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