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Chen M, Zhang J, Huang H, Wang Z, Gao Y, Liu J. miRNA-206-3p alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting inflammation and pyroptosis through modulating TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11860. [PMID: 38789583 PMCID: PMC11126654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is life-threatening. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are often abnormally expressed in inflammatory diseases and are closely associated with ALI. This study investigates whether miRNA-206-3p attenuates pyroptosis in ALI and elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms. ALI mouse and cell models were established through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment for 24 h. Subsequently, the models were evaluated based on ultrasonography, the lung tissue wet/dry (W/D) ratio, pathological section assessment, electron microscopy, and western blotting. Pyroptosis in RAW264.7 cells was then assessed via electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Additionally, the regulatory relationship between miRNA-206-3p and the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB/Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) pathway was verified. Finally, luciferase reporter gene and RNA pull-down assays were used to verify the targeting relationship between miRNA-206-3p and TLR4. miRNA206-3p levels are significantly decreased in the LPS-induced ALI model. Overexpression of miRNA-206-3p improves ALI, manifested as improved lung ultrasound, improved pathological changes of lung tissue, reduced W/D ratio of lung tissue, release of inflammatory factors in lung tissue, and reduced pyroptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of miRNA-206-3p contributed to reversing the ALI-promoting effect of LPS by hindering TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), NF-κB, and NLRP3 expression. In fact, miRNA-206-3p binds directly to TLR4. In conclusion, miRNA-206-3p alleviates LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting inflammation and pyroptosis via TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchi Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Health Management Center of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyuan Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China.
- School of Nursing, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China.
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Tao T, Zhu Y, Shi Y, Sun B, Gu Y, Xu S. Unveiling the role of PD-L1 in vascular endothelial dysfunction: Insights into the mtros/NLRP3/caspase-1 mediated pyroptotic pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114047. [PMID: 38631546 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) has been postulated to play a crucial role in the regulation of barrier functions of the vascular endothelium, yet how this novel molecule mediates dysfunction in endothelial cells (ECs) during acute lung injury (ALI) remains largely unknown. METHODS PD-L1 siRNA and plasmids were synthesized and applied respectively to down- or up-regulate PD-L1 expression in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). RNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially expressed genes following PD-L1 overexpression. The expression levels of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and the signaling pathways of NLRP-3/caspase-1/pyroptosis were analyzed. A mouse model of indirect ALI was established through hemorrhagic shock (HEM) followed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), enabling further investigation into the effects of intravenous delivery of PD-L1 siRNA. RESULTS A total of 1502 differentially expressed genes were identified, comprising 532 down-regulated and 970 up-regulated genes in ECs exhibiting PD-L1overexpression. Enrichment of PD-L1-correlated genes were observed in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and the TNF signaling pathway. Western blot assays confirmed that PD-L1 overexpression elevated the expression of NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, ASC and GSDMD, and concurrently diminished the expression of ZO-1 and occludin. This overexpression also enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production. Interestingly, mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction with mitoQ partially countered the adverse effects of PD-L1 on the functionality of ECs. Furthermore, intravenous administration of PD-L1 siRNA effectively inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in pulmonary ECs, subsequently ameliorating lung injury in HEM/CLP mice. CONCLUSION PD-L1-mediated activation of the inflammasome contributes significantly to the disruption of tight junction and induction of pyroptosis in ECs, where oxidative stress associated with mitochondrial dysfunction serves as a pivotal mechanism underpinning these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China; College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bingke Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Hsu CY, Faisal Mutee A, Porras S, Pineda I, Ahmed Mustafa M, J Saadh M, Adil M, H A Z. Amphiregulin in infectious diseases: Role, mechanism, and potential therapeutic targets. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106463. [PMID: 38036111 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Amphiregulin (AREG) serves as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and is involved in vital biological functions, including inflammatory responses, tissue regeneration, and immune system function. Upon interaction with the EGFR, AREG initiates a series of signaling cascades necessary for several physiological activities, such as metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and cellular proliferation. Recent findings have provided evidence for the substantial role of AREG in maintaining the equilibrium of homeostasis in damaged tissues and preserving epithelial cell structure in the context of viral infections affecting the lungs. The development of resistance to influenza virus infection depends on the presence of type 1 cytokine responses. Following the eradication of the pathogen, the lungs are subsequently colonized by several cell types that are linked with type 2 immune responses. These cells contribute to the process of repairing and resolving the tissue injury and inflammation caused by infections. Following influenza infection, the activation of AREG promotes the regeneration of bronchial epithelial cells, enhancing the tissue's structural integrity and increasing the survival rate of infected mice. In the same manner, mice afflicted with influenza experience rapid mortality due to a subsequent bacterial infection in the pulmonary region when both bacterial and viral infections manifest concurrently inside the same host. The involvement of AREG in bacterial infections has been demonstrated. The gene AREG experiences increased transcriptional activity inside host cells in response to bacterial infections caused by pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Neisseria gonorrhea. In addition, AREG has been extensively studied as a mitogenic stimulus in epithelial cell layers. Consequently, it is regarded as a prospective contender that might potentially contribute to the observed epithelial cell reactions in helminth infection. Consistent with this finding, mice that lack the AREG gene exhibit a delay in the eradication of the intestinal parasite Trichuris muris. The observed delay is associated with a reduction in the proliferation rate of colonic epithelial cells compared to the infected animals in the control group. The aforementioned findings indicate that AREG plays a pivotal role in facilitating the activation of defensive mechanisms inside the epithelial cells of the intestinal tissue. The precise cellular sources of AREG in this specific context have not yet been determined. However, it is evident that the increased proliferation of the epithelial cell layer in infected mice is reliant on CD4+ T cells. The significance of this finding lies in its demonstration of the crucial role played by the interaction between immunological and epithelial cells in regulating the AREG-EGFR pathway. Additional research is necessary to delve into the cellular origins and signaling mechanisms that govern the synthesis of AREG and its tissue-protective properties, independent of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City 71710, Taiwan
| | | | - Sandra Porras
- Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Panamericana Sur km 1 1/2, Riobamba, 060155, Ecuador
| | - Indira Pineda
- Facultad de Salud Pública, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Panamericana Sur km 1 1/2, Riobamba, 060155, Ecuador
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Imam Jaafar AL-Sadiq University, Iraq; Department of Pathological Analyzes, College of Applied Sciences, University of Samarra, Iraq.
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Zainab H A
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
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Vafaeipour Z, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effect of saffron, black seed, and their main constituents on inflammatory cytokine response (mainly TNF-α) and oxidative stress status: an aspect on pharmacological insights. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2241-2259. [PMID: 37103518 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), an inflammatory cytokine, is produced by monocytes and macrophages. It is known as a 'double-edged sword' because it is responsible for advantageous and disadvantageous events in the body system. The unfavorable incident includes inflammation, which induces some diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, cancer, and diabetes. Many medicinal plants have been found to prevent inflammation, such as saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and black seed (Nigella sativa). Therefore, the purpose of this review was to assess the pharmacological effects of saffron and black seed on TNF-α and diseases related to its imbalance. Different databases without time limitations were investigated up to 2022, including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. All the original articles (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) were collected on the effects of black seed and saffron on TNF-α. Black seed and saffron have therapeutic effects against many disorders, such as hepatotoxicity, cancer, ischemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver, by decreasing TNF-α levels based on their anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Saffron and black seed can treat a variety of diseases by suppressing TNF-α and exhibiting a variety of activities such as neuroprotective, gastroprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, antitussive, bronchodilator, antidiabetic activity, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. To uncover the beneficial underlying mechanisms of black seed and saffron, more clinical trials and phytochemical research are required. Also, these two plants affect other inflammatory cytokines, hormones, and enzymes, implying that they could be used to treat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Vafaeipour
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lombardi M, Bonora M, Baldetti L, Pieri M, Scandroglio AM, Landoni G, Zangrillo A, Foglieni C, Consolo F. Left ventricular assist devices promote changes in the expression levels of platelet microRNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1178556. [PMID: 37396581 PMCID: PMC10308775 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1178556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs (miRs) emerged as promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. The potential clinical utility of platelet miRs in the setting of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support is unexplored. Methods We prospectively measured the expression levels of 12 platelet miRs involved in platelet activation, coagulation, and cardiovascular diseases in LVAD patients by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were longitudinally measured before LVAD implant and after 1, 6, and 12 months of LVAD support, and compared with those measured in healthy volunteers (controls). In silico analysis was also performed to identify pathways targeted by differentially expressed miRs. Results Data from 15 consecutive patients and 5 controls were analyzed. Pre-implant expression levels of platelet miR-126, miR-374b, miR-223, and miR-320a were significantly different in patients vs. controls. The expression levels of platelet miR-25, miR-144, miR-320, and miR-451a changed significantly over the course of LVAD support; in silico analysis revealed that these miRs are implicated in both cardiac- and coagulation-associated pathways. Furthermore, the patients who suffered from bleeding (n = 5, 33%) had significantly higher pre-implant expression levels of platelet miR-151a and miR-454 with respect to the patients who did not. The same miRs were also differentially expressed in bleeders following LVAD implantation early before the clinical manifestation of the events. Discussion This study provides a proof-of-concept evidence of significant modulation of platelet miRs expression driven by LVADs. The possible existence of a platelet miRs signature predictive of the development of bleeding events warrants further validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lombardi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Bonora
- Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Baldetti
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Pieri
- Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Mara Scandroglio
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Zangrillo
- Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Foglieni
- Cardiovascular Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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MKK4 Knockdown Plays a Protective Role in Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Liver Injury through the JNK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5074153. [PMID: 36164393 PMCID: PMC9509254 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5074153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) triggers tissue hypoxia and organ failure during severe blood loss, and the liver is sensitive to HS. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) activates the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and its expression is upregulated in the serum of HS patients and mouse livers at 1 h post-HS. However, the function of MKK4 in HS-induced liver injury is unclear. The role of MKK4 was investigated in vivo using rat models of HS. Before HS, lentivirus harboring shRNA against MKK4 was injected into rats via the tail vein to knock down MKK4 expression. HS was induced by bloodletting via intubation of the femoral artery followed by resuscitation. The results showed that MKK4 knockdown reduced HS-induced apoptosis in the liver by decreasing Bax expression and the cleavage of caspase 3 and promoting Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver was promoted, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was inhibited by HS. However, the effect of HS on oxidative stress was abrogated by MKK4 knockdown. Furthermore, MKK4 knockdown restored MMP and complex I and complex III activities and promoted ATP production, suggesting that HS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver was ameliorated by MKK4 knockdown. The inhibitory effect of MKK4 knockdown on the phosphorylation and activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway was confirmed. Overall, MKK4 knockdown may suppress oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis and improve mitochondrial function in the liver upon HS by inhibiting the JNK pathway. The MKK4/JNK axis was shown to be a therapeutic target for HS-induced liver injury in this study.
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Gao J, Xia Z, Vohidova D, Joseph J, Luo JN, Joshi N. Progress in non-viral localized delivery of siRNA therapeutics for pulmonary diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1400-1428. [PMID: 37139423 PMCID: PMC10150162 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging therapies based on localized delivery of siRNA to lungs have opened up exciting possibilities for treatment of different lung diseases. Localized delivery of siRNA to lungs has shown to result in severalfold higher lung accumulation than systemic route, while minimizing non-specific distribution in other organs. However, to date, only 2 clinical trials have explored localized delivery of siRNA for pulmonary diseases. Here we systematically reviewed recent advances in the field of pulmonary delivery of siRNA using non-viral approaches. We firstly introduce the routes of local administration and analyze the anatomical and physiological barriers towards effective local delivery of siRNA in lungs. We then discuss current progress in pulmonary delivery of siRNA for respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, acute lung injury, and lung cancer, list outstanding questions, and highlight directions for future research. We expect this review to provide a comprehensive understanding of current advances in pulmonary delivery of siRNA.
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Zhu J, Li J, Chung CS, Lomas-Neira JL, Ayala A. Patho-Mechanisms for Hemorrhage/Sepsis-Induced Indirect Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Role for Lung TIE1 and Its Regulation by Neutrophils. Shock 2022; 57:608-615. [PMID: 34907117 PMCID: PMC8916968 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe hemorrhage (Hem) has been shown to be causal for the development of extra-pulmonary/indirect acute respiratory distress syndrome (iARDS) and is associated with severe endothelial cell (EC) injury. EC growth factors, Angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and -2, maintain vascular homeostasis via tightly regulated competitive interaction with the tyrosine kinase receptor, Tie2, expressed on ECs. OBJECTIVE Since it has been reported that the orphan receptor, Tie1, may be able to play a role in Ang:Tie2 signaling; we chose to examine Tie1's capacity to alter the lung Ang:Tie2 interaction in response to the sequential insults of shock/sepsis (cecal ligation and puncture [CLP]), culminating in iARDS. METHODS Male mice were subjected to Hem alone or sequential Hem followed 24 hours later by CLP that induces iARDS. Changes in lung and/or plasma levels of Tie1, Tie2, Ang-1, Ang-2, various systemic cytokine/chemokines and indices of lung injury/inflammation were then determined. The role of Tie1 was established by intravenous administration of Tie1 specific or control siRNA at 1 h post-Hem. Alternatively, the contribution of neutrophils was assessed by pre-treating mice with anti-neutrophil antibody depletion 48 h prior to Hem. RESULTS Lung tissue levels of Tie1 expression elevated over the first 6 to 24 h post-Hem alone. Subsequently, we found that treatment of Hem/CLP mice with Tie1-specific siRNA not only decreased Tie1 expression in lung tissue compared to control siRNA, but, suppressed the rise in lung inflammatory cytokines, lung MPO and the rise in lung protein leak. Finally, much as we have previously shown that neutrophil interaction with resident pulmonary vascular ECs contribute significantly to Ang-2 release and EC dysfunction, central to the development of iARDS. Here, we report that depletion of neutrophils also decreased lung tissue Tie1 expression and increased Tie2 activation in Hem/CLP mice. CONCLUSION Together, these data imply that shock-induced increased expression of Tie1 can contribute to EC activation by inhibiting Ang:Tie2 interaction, culminating in EC dysfunction and the development of iARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital & the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02830, USA
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital & the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02830, USA
| | - Joanne L. Lomas-Neira
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital & the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02830, USA
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital & the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02830, USA
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Cohen JT, Danise M, Machan JT, Zhao R, Lefort CT. Murine Myeloid Progenitors Attenuate Immune Dysfunction Induced by Hemorrhagic Shock. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:324-336. [PMID: 33482101 PMCID: PMC7878835 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock induces an aberrant immune response characterized by simultaneous induction of a proinflammatory state and impaired host defenses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of conditionally immortalized neutrophil progenitors (NPs) on this aberrant immune response. We employed a mouse model of hemorrhagic shock, followed by the adoptive transfer of NPs and subsequent inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus to induce pneumonia. We observed that transplant of NPs decreases the proportion of host neutrophils that express programmed death ligand 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in the context of prior hemorrhage. Following hemorrhage, NP transplant decreased proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs, increased neutrophil migration into the airspaces, and enhanced bacterial clearance. Further, hemorrhagic shock improved NP engraftment in the bone marrow. These results suggest that NPs hold the potential for use as a cellular therapy in the treatment and prevention of secondary infection following hemorrhagic shock. Myeloid progenitors restore a competent inflammatory response to pneumonia Progenitor transplantation promotes clearance of secondary S. aureus pneumonia Hemorrhagic shock enhances engraftment of transplanted myeloid progenitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Cohen
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Michael Danise
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Jason T Machan
- Lifespan Biostatistics Core, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Runping Zhao
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Craig T Lefort
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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Xu J, Yu C, Luo J, Guo Y, Cheng C, Zhang H. The role and mechanism of the annexin A1 peptide Ac2-26 in rats with cardiopulmonary bypass lung injury. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 128:719-730. [PMID: 33455036 PMCID: PMC8247988 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The main causes of lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and pulmonary ischaemia‐reperfusion injury (IR‐I). SIRS and IR‐I are often initiated by a systemic inflammatory response. The present study investigated whether the annexin A1 (ANX‐A1) peptidomimetic Ac2‐26 by binding to formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) inhibit inflammatory cytokines and reduce lung injury after CPB. Male rats were randomized to the following five groups (n = 6, each): sham, exposed to pulmonary ischaemic‐reperfusion (IR‐I), IR‐I plus Ac2‐26, IR‐I plus the FPR antagonist, BoC2 (N‐tert‐butyloxycarbonyl‐Phe‐Leu‐Phe‐Leu‐Phe) and IR‐I plus Ac2‐26 and BoC2. Treatment with Ac2‐26 improved the oxygenation index, an effect blocked by BoC2. Histopathological analysis of the lung tissue revealed that the degree of lung injury was significantly less (P < 0.05) in the Ac2‐26‐treated rats compared to the other experimental groups exposed to IR‐I. Ac2‐26 treatment reduced the levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐1β, ICAM‐1 and NF‐κB‐p65 (P < 0.05) compared to the vehicle‐treated group exposed to IR‐I. In conclusion, the annexin A1 (ANX‐A1) peptidomimetic Ac2‐26 by binding to formyl peptide receptors inhibit inflammatory cytokines and reduce ischaemic‐reperfusion lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chengkun Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junli Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuhan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chi Cheng
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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11
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Anti-interferon-α receptor 1 antibodies attenuate inflammation and organ injury following hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 86:881-890. [PMID: 31009444 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000002214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a life-threatening condition resulting from rapid and significant loss of intravascular volume, leading to hemodynamic instability and death. Inflammation contributes to the multiple organ injury in HS. Type I interferons (IFNs), such as IFN-α and IFN-β, are a family of cytokines that regulate the inflammatory response through binding to IFN-α receptor (IFNAR) which consists of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 chains. We hypothesized that type I IFNs provoke inflammation and worsen organ injury in HS. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g) underwent hemorrhage by controlled bleeding via the femoral artery to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 27 ± 2.5 mm Hg for 90 minutes, followed by resuscitation for 30 minutes with two times shed blood volume of Ringer's lactate solution containing 1 mg/kg body weight of anti-IFNAR1 antibody (Ab) or control isotype-matched IgG (IgG). Blood and tissue samples were collected at 20 hours after the resuscitation for various analyses. RESULTS The expression of IFN-α and IFN-β mRNAs was significantly elevated in lungs and liver of the mice after HS. The IFNAR1-Ab treatment significantly decreased serum levels of organ injury markers lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as improved the integrity of lung and liver morphology, compared to the IgG control. The protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and mRNA expression of proinflammatory chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, MCP-2, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and keratinocyte cytokine (KC) in the lungs of the HS mice were significantly decreased after treated with IFNAR1-Ab. Moreover, the myeloperoxidase activity and number of apoptotic cells in the lungs of HS mice treated with IFNAR1-Ab were decreased in comparison to the IgG control. CONCLUSION Administration of IFNAR1-Ab reduces inflammation and tissue injury. Thus, type I IFN signaling may be a potential therapeutic target for mitigating organ dysfunction in patients suffering from HS. STUDY TYPE Translational animal model.
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Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM) Expression Promotes Inflammation/ Organ Injury in Response to Experimental Indirect-Acute Lung Injury. Shock 2020; 51:487-494. [PMID: 30531604 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic interventions to treat acute lung injury (ALI) remain largely limited to lung-protective strategies, as a real molecular pathophysiologically driven therapeutic intervention has yet to become available. While we have previously documented the expression of herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) on leukocytes of septic mice and critically ill patients, its functional role in shock/sepsis-induced ALI has not yet been studied. Inasmuch, a murine model of indirect ALI (iALI) was induced by hemorrhagic shock (HEM) followed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), septic challenge and HVEM-siRNA or phosphate buffered saline was administrated by intratracheal instillation 2 h after hemorrhage to determine the role of HVEM in the development of experimental iALI. Indices of lung injury were measured. HVEM expression was significantly elevated in iALI mice. Compared with phosphate buffered saline treated iALI mice, HVEM knock-down by siRNA caused a reduction of cytokine/chemokine levels, myeloperoxidase activity, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count and protein concentration. HVEM-siRNA treatment reduced inflammation and attenuated pulmonary architecture destruction as well as provided an early (60 h post HEM-CLP) survival benefit in iALI mice. This ability of anti-HVEM treatment to prevent the development of iALI and provide a transient survival benefit implies that mitigating signaling through HVEM may be a novel target worth further investigation.
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Meng C, Wang S, Wang X, Lv J, Zeng W, Chang R, Li Q, Wang X. Amphiregulin inhibits TNF-α-induced alveolar epithelial cell death through EGFR signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109995. [PMID: 32187954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously observed that amphiregulin (Areg), a ligand of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), was highly expressed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) lung tissues mainly by the classically activated (M1) alveolar macrophages (AMs). Areg also plays a protective role in LPS-induced injury in lung tissues and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). However, whether Areg is co-expressed with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in ALI lung tissues, and can directly inhibit TNF-α-induced AEC injury remains unclear. METHODS We first detected the kinetic expressions of Areg and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated lung tissues and M1 AMs and then identified the role of exogenous recombinant Areg (rmAreg) in the injured lung tissues. The effect of Areg on TNF-α-induced apoptosis in MLE-12 cells, a kind of AECs, was examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. The activation of the EGFR-AKT pathway and caspase-3, -8, and -9 were detected by Western blotting. The EGFR knockdown by small interfering RNA was used to assess the role of EGFR in Areg functions. RESULTS Areg production occurred in close parallel with TNF-α expression in M1 AMs and ALI lung tissues, and rmAreg attenuated LPS-induced ALI in mice. TNF-α stimulation induced significant apoptosis in MLE-12 cells, but this apoptosis was inhibited under rmAreg treatment. Moreover, rmAreg enhanced the activation of EGFR and AKT, and reduced the expressions of cleaved caspase-3, -8, and -9 in ALI lung tissues and TNF-α-challenged MLE-12 cells. However, the EGFR knockdown significantly inhibited the Areg-induced improvement in apoptosis, enhancement of EGFR and AKT activation, and reduction of cleaved caspase-3, -8, and -9 expressions. CONCLUSIONS Areg and TNF-α were synchronously produced by ALI lung tissues and M1 AMs, and Areg directly inhibited the TNF-induced apoptosis and transduction of caspase death signals in AECs via the EGFR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Silu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenjing Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ruijie Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Xianyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Institute of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
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Xu S, Yang Q, Bai J, Tao T, Tang L, Chen Y, Chung CS, Fallon EA, Ayala A. Blockade of endothelial, but not epithelial, cell expression of PD-L1 following severe shock attenuates the development of indirect acute lung injury in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L801-L812. [PMID: 31994912 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00108.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sets out to establish the comparative contribution of PD-L1 expression by pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) and/or epithelial cells (EpiCs) to the development of indirect acute lung injury (iALI) by taking advantage of the observation that treatment with naked siRNA by intratracheal delivery in mice primarily affects lung EpiCs, but not lung ECs, while intravenous delivery of liposomal-encapsulated siRNA largely targets vascular ECs including the lung, but not pulmonary EpiCs. We showed that using a mouse model of iALI [induced by hemorrhagic shock followed by septic challenge (Hem-CLP)], PD-L1 expression on pulmonary ECs or EpiCs was significantly upregulated in the iALI mice at 24 h post-septic insult. After documenting the selective ability of intratracheal versus intravenous delivery of PD-L1 siRNA to inhibit PD-L1 expression on EpiCs versus ECs, respectively, we observed that the iALI-induced elevation of cytokine/chemokine levels (in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung lysates, or plasma), lung myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 activities could largely only be inhibited by intravenous, but not intratracheal, delivery of PD-L1 siRNA. Moreover, intravenous, but not intratracheal, delivery led to a preservation of normal tissue architecture, lessened pulmonary edema, and reduced neutrophils influx induced by iALI. In addition, in vitro mouse endothelial cell line studies showed that PD-L1 gene knockdown by siRNA or knockout by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene manipulation, reduced monolayer permeability, and maintained tight junction protein levels upon recombinant IFN-γ stimulation. Together, these data imply a critical role for pulmonary vascular ECs in mediating PD-1:PD-L1-driven pathological changes resulting from systemic stimuli such as Hem-CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Xu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwen Bai
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhu Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lunxian Tang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Eleanor A Fallon
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Cagliani J, Yang WL, Brenner M, Wang P. Deoxyribonuclease Reduces Tissue Injury and Improves Survival After Hemorrhagic Shock. J Surg Res 2020; 249:104-113. [PMID: 31926397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic shock (HS) caused by rapid loss of a large amount of blood is the leading cause of early death after severe injury. When cells are damaged during HS, many intracellular components including DNA are released into the circulation and function as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can trigger excessive inflammatory response and subsequently multiple organ dysfunction. We hypothesized that the administration of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) could reduce cell-free DNA and attenuate tissue damage in HS. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice underwent HS by controlled bleeding from the femoral artery for 90 min, followed by resuscitation with Ringer's lactate solution (vehicle) or DNase I (10 mg/kg BW). RESULTS At 20 h after HS, serum levels of cell-free DNA were increased by 7.6-fold in the vehicle-treated HS mice compared with sham, while DNase I reduced its levels by 47% compared with the vehicle group. Serum levels of tissue injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 were significantly reduced in the DNase I-treated mice. In the lungs, messenger RNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 β), chemoattractant macrophage inflammatory protein - 2, and myeloperoxidase activity were significantly decreased in HS mice after DNase I. Finally, DNase I significantly improved the 10-day survival rate in HS mice. CONCLUSIONS Administration of DNase I attenuates tissue damage and systemic and lung inflammation, leading to improvement of survival in HS mice. Thus, DNase I may potentially serve as an adjunct therapy for managing patients with HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Cagliani
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York; Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York; Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Max Brenner
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York
| | - Ping Wang
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York.
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Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Ameliorates Pristane Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Mice. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091341. [PMID: 31470606 PMCID: PMC6780888 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a fatal complication in patients with lupus. DAH can be induced in B6 mice by an intraperitoneal injection of pristane. Since human alpha-1-antitrypsin (hAAT) is an anti-inflammatory and immuno-regulatory protein, we investigated the protective effect of hAAT against pristane-induced DAH in B6 mice and hAAT transgenic (hAAT-Tg) mice. We first showed that hAAT Tg expression lowers TNF-α production in B cells, as well as CD4+ T cells in untreated mice. Conversely, the frequency of regulatory CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25-IL-10+ cells was significantly higher in hAAT-Tg than in B6 mice. This confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of hAAT that was observed even at steady state. One week after a pristane injection, the frequency of peritoneal Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils in hAAT-Tg mice was significantly lower than that in B6 mice. Importantly, pristane-induced DAH was completely prevented in hAAT-Tg mice and this was associated with a modulation of anti- to pro-inflammatory myeloid cell ratio/balance. We also showed that treatment with hAAT decreased the severity of DAH in B6 mice. These results showed for the first time that hAAT has a therapeutic potential for the treatment of DAH.
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Dua K, Wadhwa R, Singhvi G, Rapalli V, Shukla SD, Shastri MD, Gupta G, Satija S, Mehta M, Khurana N, Awasthi R, Maurya PK, Thangavelu L, S R, Tambuwala MM, Collet T, Hansbro PM, Chellappan DK. The potential of siRNA based drug delivery in respiratory disorders: Recent advances and progress. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:714-730. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology Sydney Ultimo New South Wales Australia
- Centenary InstituteRoyal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyUniversity of Newcastle Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Faculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologySouth Asian University New Delhi India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of PharmacyBirla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani India
| | | | - Shakti Dhar Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyUniversity of Newcastle Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Madhur D. Shastri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of Tasmania Launceston Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of PharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar University Jaipur India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of PharmacyAmity University Noida Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of BiochemistryCentral University of Haryana Mahendergarh Haryana India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rajeshkumar S
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUlster University, Coleraine London United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Trudi Collet
- Inovative Medicines Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centenary InstituteRoyal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyUniversity of Newcastle Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of PharmacyInternational Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Qing R, Huang Z, Tang Y, Xiang Q, Yang F. Cordycepin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:18-25. [PMID: 29702279 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study is to investigate the protective effect of cordycepin on inflammatory reactions in rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS Wistar rat model of ALI was induced by intravenous injection of LPS (30 mg/kg body weight). One hour later, intravenous injection of cordycepin (1, 10 or 30 mg/kg body weight) was administered. The wet-to-dry weight ratio of lung tissues and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung tissues were measured. The contents of nitrite and nitrate were measured by reduction method, while chemiluminescence was used to determine the content of superoxide. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of mRNA and protein, respectively. Colorimetry was performed to determine the enzymatic activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was identified by Western blotting. The plasma contents of cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Cordycepin enhanced the expression and enzymatic activity of HO-1 in ALI rats, and activated Nrf2 by inducing the translocation of Nrf2 from cytoplasm to nucleus. In addition, cordycepin regulated the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 via HO-1, and suppressed inflammation in lung tissues of ALI rats by inducing the expression of HO-1. HO-1 played important roles in the down-regulation of superoxide levels in lung tissues by cordycepin, and HO-1 expression induced by cordycepin affected nitrite and nitrate concentrations in plasma and iNOS protein expression in lung tissues. Cordycepin showed protective effect on injuries in lung tissues. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that cordycepin alleviates inflammation induced by LPS via the activation of Nrf2 and up-regulation of HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qing
- Division of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, PR China
| | - Zezhi Huang
- Division of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, PR China
| | - Yufei Tang
- Division of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, PR China
| | - Qingke Xiang
- Division of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, PR China.
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Fallon EA, Biron-Girard BM, Chung CS, Lomas-Neira J, Heffernan DS, Monaghan SF, Ayala A. A novel role for coinhibitory receptors/checkpoint proteins in the immunopathology of sepsis. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:10.1002/JLB.2MIR0917-377R. [PMID: 29393983 PMCID: PMC6314914 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mir0917-377r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coinhibitory molecules, such as PD-1, CTLA-4, 2B4, and BTLA, are an important new family of mediators in the pathophysiology of severe bacterial and/or fungal infection, as well as the combined insults of shock and sepsis. Further, the expression of these molecules may serve as indicators of the immune status of the septic individual. Using PD-1:PD-L as an example, we discuss in this review how such checkpoint molecules may affect the host response to infection by mediating the balance between effective immune defense and immune-mediated tissue injury. Additionally, we explore how the up-regulation of PD-1 and/or PD-L1 expression on not only adaptive immune cells (e.g., T cells), but also on innate immune cells (e.g., macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils), as well as nonimmune cells during sepsis and/or shock contributes to functional alterations often with detrimental sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A. Fallon
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Bethany M. Biron-Girard
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Joanne Lomas-Neira
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Daithi S. Heffernan
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Sean F. Monaghan
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA
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Mei H, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Liu C, Song D, Xin C, Wang J, Josephs-Spaulding J, Zhu Y, Tang F. Messenger RNA sequencing reveals similar mechanisms between neonatal and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:59-70. [PMID: 29115600 PMCID: PMC5780146 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxemia and hypercarbia resulting from a lack of surfactant is considered to be the primary mechanism underlying neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Surfactant replacement therapy may mitigate the symptoms of the disease by decreasing the surface tension of alveoli and facilitating inflation. However, surfactant serves an additional role in immunological processes. Therefore, it may be hypothesized that mechanisms of NRDS involving surfactant exert additional functions to promoting alveolar inflation. Using peripheral blood obtained from mature infants with and without NRDS, in tandem with mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) analysis, the present study identified that, while cell cycle regulation and alveolar surfactants serve a role in deterring the further onset of NRDS, innate and pathogen-induced responses of the immune system are among the most important factors in the pathology. The present study illustrated the regulatory importance of these immune pathways in response to alterations in the expression of gene families, particularly in perpetual lung injury leading to NRDS. Notably, data collected from the mRNA-seq analysis revealed similar mechanisms between NRDS and acute respiratory distress syndrome, a clinical phenotype precipitated by the manifestation of a severe form of lung injury due to numerous lung insults, implying that similar therapies may be applied to treat these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Chunzhi Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Yayu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Chun Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | | | - Yan Zhu
- Beijing Amorlife Pharma Services Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Feng Tang
- Beijing Amorlife Pharma Services Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, P.R. China
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Araújo LA, Melo-Reis PR, Mrue F, Gomes CM, Oliveira MAP, Silva HM, Alves MM, Silva-Júnior NJ. Protein from Hevea brasiliensis “Hev b 13” latex attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung lesions in rats with sepsis. BRAZ J BIOL 2017; 78:271-280. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.06316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Sepsis induces a severe systemic inflammatory response that may result in multiple organ dysfunction and death. Studies using a protein derived from natural Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) latex, denominated Hev b 13, have demonstrated important anti-inflammatory effects, but no data have been published regarding its effects on sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hev b 13 on the inflammatory response and lung lesions of septal rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), randomized into groups and treated with subcutaneously administered doses of 0.5/2.0/3.0 mg/Kg of Hev b 13. Next, animals were subdivided into three different points in time (1, 6 and 24 hours after treatments) for collection of blood samples and euthanasia accompanied by organ removal. Total and differential leukocyte counts, cytokine dosage and histological assessment were analyzed. Treatment with Hev b 13 resulted in a significant decline in total and differential leukocytes as well as suppression of TNF-α and IL-6 production, associated with the increase in IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma and lung tissue. Moreover, it reduced morphological and pathological changes found in the lungs, including neutrophil infiltration, edema and alveolar thickening. The present study concluded that Hev b 13 exerts anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates lung lesions in septal rats, showing potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. R. Melo-Reis
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
| | - F. Mrue
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
| | - C. M. Gomes
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - M. M. Alves
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
| | - N. J. Silva-Júnior
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
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Xiao Y, Lu W, Li X, Zhao P, Yao Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Lin Z, Yu Y, Hua S, Wang L. An oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats significantly attenuates burn-induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 5 pathway. Mol Med 2017; 23:166-176. [PMID: 28620671 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that an oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats (AAAG ODN) rescued mice from fatal acute lung injury (ALI) induced by influenza virus and inhibited production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the injured lungs. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Upon the bioinformatic analysis revealing that the AAAG ODN is consensus to interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) binding site in the cis-regulatory elements of proinflammatory cytokines, we tried to explore whether the AAAG ODN could attenuate burn injury induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting IRF5 pathway. Using the mouse model with sterile systemic inflammation induced by burn injury, we found that AAAG ODN prolonged the life span of the mice, decreased the expression of IRF5 at injured skin, reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in blood and injured skin, and attenuated the ALI. Furthermore, AAAG ODN could bind IRF5 and inhibit the nuclear translocation of IRF5 in THP-1 cells. The data suggested that the AAAG ODN could act as a cytoplasmic decoy capable of interfering the function of IRF5, and be developed as a drug candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenting Lu
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Peiyan Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yun Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Delivery of RNAi Therapeutics to the Airways-From Bench to Bedside. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091249. [PMID: 27657028 PMCID: PMC6272875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent and specific post-transcriptional gene silencing process. Since its discovery, tremendous efforts have been made to translate RNAi technology into therapeutic applications for the treatment of different human diseases including respiratory diseases, by manipulating the expression of disease-associated gene(s). Similar to other nucleic acid-based therapeutics, the major hurdle of RNAi therapy is delivery. Pulmonary delivery is a promising approach of delivering RNAi therapeutics directly to the airways for treating local conditions and minimizing systemic side effects. It is a non-invasive route of administration that is generally well accepted by patients. However, pulmonary drug delivery is a challenge as the lungs pose a series of anatomical, physiological and immunological barriers to drug delivery. Understanding these barriers is essential for the development an effective RNA delivery system. In this review, the different barriers to pulmonary drug delivery are introduced. The potential of RNAi molecules as new class of therapeutics, and the latest preclinical and clinical studies of using RNAi therapeutics in different respiratory conditions are discussed in details. We hope this review can provide some useful insights for moving inhaled RNAi therapeutics from bench to bedside.
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Zhang HY, Besner GE, Feng JX. Antibody blockade of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 attenuates proinflammatory activity of mesenteric lymph after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Surgery 2016; 159:1449-60. [PMID: 26804820 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Youngren-Ortiz SR, Gandhi NS, España-Serrano L, Chougule MB. Aerosol Delivery of siRNA to the Lungs. Part 2: Nanocarrier-based Delivery Systems. KONA : POWDER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN 2016; 34:44-69. [PMID: 28392618 PMCID: PMC5381822 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2017005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this article, applications of engineered nanoparticles containing siRNA for inhalation delivery are reviewed and discussed. Diseases with identified protein malfunctions may be mitigated through the use of well-designed siRNA therapeutics. The inhalation route of administration provides local delivery of siRNA therapeutics to the lungs for various pulmonary diseases. A siRNA delivery system can be used to overcome the barriers of pulmonary delivery, such as anatomical barriers, mucociliary clearance, cough clearance, and alveolar macrophage clearance. Apart from naked siRNA aerosol delivery, previously studied siRNA carrier systems include those of lipidic, polymeric, peptide, or inorganic origin. These delivery systems can achieve pulmonary delivery through the generation of an aerosol via an inhaler or nebulizer. The preparation methodologies for these siRNA nanocarrier systems will be discussed herein. The use of inhalable nanocarrier siRNA delivery systems have barriers to their effective delivery, but overcoming these constraints while formulating a safe and effective delivery system will offer unique advances to the field of inhaled medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne R. Youngren-Ortiz
- Translational Drug Delivery Research (TransDDR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA
| | - Nishant S. Gandhi
- Translational Drug Delivery Research (TransDDR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA
| | - Laura España-Serrano
- Translational Drug Delivery Research (TransDDR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA
| | - Mahavir B. Chougule
- Translational Drug Delivery Research (TransDDR) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, The Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA
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Yan X, Wu L, Li B, Meng X, Dai H, Zheng Y, Fu J. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside attenuates acute lung injury in sepsis rats. J Surg Res 2015; 199:592-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhao H, Liu Z, Liu W, Han X, Zhao M. Betulin attenuates lung and liver injuries in sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 30:50-56. [PMID: 26644168 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex condition with unacceptable mortality. Betulin is a natural extract with multiple bioactivities. This study aims to evaluate the potential effects of betulin on lung and liver injury in sepsis. Cecal ligation and puncture was used to establish the rat model of sepsis. A single dose of 4mg/kg or 8mg/kg betulin was injected intraperitoneally immediately after the model establishment. The survival rate was recorded every 12h for 96h. The organ injury was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining and serum biochemical test. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines and high mobility group box 1 in the serum were measured using ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins in NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Betulin treatment significantly improved the survival rate of septic rats, and attenuated lung and liver injury in sepsis, including the reduction of lung wet/dry weight ratio and activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum. In addition, levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and high mobility group box 1 in the serum were also lowered by betulin treatment. Moreover, sepsis-induced activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway was inhibited by betulin as well. Our findings demonstrate the protective effect of betulin in lung and liver injury in sepsis. This protection may be mediated by its anti-inflammatory and NF-κB and MAPK inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenning Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfei Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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28
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Soliman M. Insulin treatment before resuscitation following hemorrhagic shock improves cardiac contractility and protects the myocardium in the isolated rat heart. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2015; 8:144-8. [PMID: 26229297 PMCID: PMC4520027 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2700.160714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin has been shown to exert positive inotropic effects in several in vivoex vivo models and in human hearts. Resuscitation following hemorrhagic shock results in myocardial contractile dysfunction. However, the optimal timing for treatment with insulin for the cardioprotection effects is unclear. Objectives: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that treatment with insulin before resuscitation provides better cardioprotection than treatment with insulin after resuscitation. Materials and Methods: Rats were assigned to 3 experimental groups (n = 6 per group): (1) Hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, (2) hemorrhagic shock resuscitated then treated with insulin and (3) hemorrhagic shock treated with insulin before resuscitation. Rats were hemorrhaged for 60 min to rach mean arterial blood pressure of 40 mmHg. Rats were resuscitated in vivo by reinfusion of the shedded blood to restore normotension and monitored for 60 min. Rats were treated or not with insulin 200 μU/g body weight intramuscularly either before or after resuscitation. The maximum of the left ventricular developed pressure (+dP/dt) was measured for 60 min in the isolated perfused hearts using the Langendorff method. Blood samples were obtained for measurements of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Results: Treatment with insulin before resuscitation following hemorrhagic shock significantly elevated max dP/dt compared with insulin treatment after resuscitation and the untreated group. TNF-α levels were lower in the insulin treatment before resuscitation compared to the treatment after resuscitation and the untreated group. Conclusion: Insulin treatment before resuscitation following hemorrhagic shock provides better cardiac protection than treatment with insulin after resuscitation, as evidenced by the improved myocardial contractility, preservation of myocardial structure. The mechanism of cardiac protection involves decrease in the inflammatory response to shock by lowering the levels of TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Soliman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Hu Z, Gu Z, Sun M, Zhang K, Gao P, Yang Q, Yuan Y. Ursolic acid improves survival and attenuates lung injury in septic rats induced by cecal ligation and puncture. J Surg Res 2015; 194:528-536. [PMID: 25454976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is characterized as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome during infection, which can result in multiple organ dysfunction and death. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to detect the possible protective effects of UA on sepsis-evoked acute lung injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with UA (10 mg/kg) after CLP, and then the survival was determined twice a day for 4 d. The protective effects of UA on CLP-induced acute lung injury were assayed at 24 h after CLP. RESULTS The results revealed that UA treatment markedly improved the survival of septic rats, and attenuated CLP-induced lung injury, including reduction of lung wet/dry weight ratio, infiltration of leukocytes and proteins, myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde content. In addition, UA significantly decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β, inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the lung, which are involved in the productions of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that UA exerts protective effects on CLP-induced septic rats. UA may be a potential therapeutic agent against sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansheng Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Gu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Meina Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Penghui Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwu Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Midterm effects of fluid resuscitation strategies in an experimental model of lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock. Shock 2014; 41:159-65. [PMID: 24434419 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compared three different fluid resuscitation strategies in terms of respiratory tolerance and hemodynamic efficacy in a pig model of blunt chest trauma with lung contusion and controlled hemorrhagic shock. We hypothesized that the choice of fluid resuscitation strategy (type and amount of fluids) may impact differently contused lungs in terms of extravascular lung water (EVLW) 20 h after trauma. METHODS Anesthetized female pigs (n = 5/group) received five bolt shots to the right thoracic cage and allowed to hemorrhage for 30 min, with 25 to 30 mL/kg of blood loss. Pigs were randomly assigned to resuscitation groups that maintained a minimum mean arterial blood pressure of 70 mmHg with one of three methods: normal saline (NS), unrestricted normal saline; NOREPI, low-volume normal saline with norepinephrine; or HS-HES, hypertonic saline with hydroxyethyl starch. Control pigs were anesthetized, but received no injury or treatment. After 20 h, animals were killed to measure EVLW by gravimetry. RESULTS Fluid loading was significantly different in each group. All three treatment groups had higher EVLW than controls. Moderate, bilateral pulmonary edema was observed in the NS and HS-HES groups. The three treatment groups showed similar reductions in oxygenation. Static pulmonary compliance was diminished in the NS and HS-HES groups, but compliance was similar in NOREPI and control groups. The NOREPI group had pathological lactate levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the impact of fluid resuscitation on contused lungs. Twenty hours after the trauma, all three resuscitation approaches showed modest clinical consequences, with moderate lung edema and reduced compliance in response to the infused volume.
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Merkel OM, Rubinstein I, Kissel T. siRNA delivery to the lung: what's new? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 75:112-28. [PMID: 24907426 PMCID: PMC4160355 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been thought of as the general answer to many unmet medical needs. After the first success stories, it soon became obvious that short interfering RNA (siRNA) is not suitable for systemic administration due to its poor pharmacokinetics. Therefore local administration routes have been adopted for more successful in vivo RNAi. This paper reviews nucleic acid modifications, nanocarrier chemistry, animal models used in successful pulmonary siRNA delivery, as well as clinical translation approaches. We summarize what has been published recently and conclude with the potential problems that may still hamper the efficient clinical application of RNAi in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Israel Rubinstein
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Thomas Kissel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Bai J, Tang L, Lomas-Neira J, Chen Y, McLeish KR, Uriarte SM, Chung CS, Ayala A. TAT-SNAP-23 treatment inhibits the priming of neutrophil functions contributing to shock and/or sepsis-induced extra-pulmonary acute lung injury. Innate Immun 2014; 21:42-54. [PMID: 24391146 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913516524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst function of neutrophils is thought to play a pivotal role in the development of pathologies such as indirect (extra-pulmonary) acute lung injury (iALI), as well as sepsis. The current study was conducted to determine the effect of an HIV transactivator of transcription (TAT)-fusion protein containing a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor domain from synaptosome-associated protein-23 (SNAP-23) on the shock/sepsis- and sepsis-enhanced neutrophil burst capacity using the clinical relevant two-hit iALI mouse model and the classical cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) septic model. TAT-SNAP-23 significantly decreased the blood neutrophil respiratory burst in vitro, and also in vivo in CLP and hemorrhaged mice. We found that the neutrophil influx to the lung tissue, as measured by myeloperoxidase levels and neutrophil-specific esterase(+) cells, was also decreased in the TAT-SNAP-23-treated group. Consistent with this, treatment of TAT-SNAP-23 significantly reduced the disruption of lung tissue architecture and protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in iALI mice compared with vehicle-treated iALI mice. In addition, although TAT-SNAP-23 did not alter the extent of local cytokine/chemokine expression, the in vitro migration capacity of neutrophils was blunted from septic and hemorrhagic mice. These data support our hypothesis that TAT-SNAP-23 reduces neutrophil dysfunction in iALI and sepsis by inhibiting neutrophil respiratory burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Bai
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tong Ji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lunxian Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tong Ji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Joanne Lomas-Neira
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yaping Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA Robley Rx VAMC, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Lomas-Neira J, Venet F, Chung CS, Thakkar R, Heffernan D, Ayala A. Neutrophil-endothelial interactions mediate angiopoietin-2-associated pulmonary endothelial cell dysfunction in indirect acute lung injury in mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:193-200. [PMID: 23980650 PMCID: PMC3930935 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0148oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation in the lung is thought to elicit loss of endothelial cell (EC) barrier integrity and impaired lung function. We have shown, in a mouse model of shock/sepsis, that neutrophil interactions with resident pulmonary cells appear central to the pathogenesis of indirect acute lung injury (iALI). Normally, EC growth factors angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and Ang-2 maintain vascular homeostasis through tightly regulated interaction with the kinase receptor Tie2 expressed on ECs. Although Ang-1/Tie2 has been shown to promote vessel integrity, stimulating downstream prosurvival/antiinflammatory signaling, Ang-2, released from activated ECs, is reported to promote vessel destabilization. This mechanism of regulation, together with recent clinical findings that plasma Ang-2 levels are significantly elevated in patients who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome, has focused our investigation on the contribution of Ang-2 to the development of iALI. A murine model of hemorrhagic shock-induced priming for the development of iALI after subsequent septic challenge was used in this study. Our findings show that 1) Ang-2 is elevated in our experimental model for iALI, 2) direct EC/neutrophil interactions contribute significantly to EC Ang-2 release, and 3) suppression of Ang-2 significantly decreases inflammatory lung injury, neutrophil influx, and lung and plasma IL-6 and TNF-α. These findings support our hypothesis and suggest that Ang-2 plays a role in the loss of pulmonary EC barrier function in the development of iALI in mice resultant from the sequential insults of hemorrhagic shock and sepsis and that this is mediated by EC interaction with activated neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Lomas-Neira
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Immunology Laboratories, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Rajan Thakkar
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Daithi Heffernan
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
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Apoptotic and inflammatory signaling via Fas and tumor necrosis factor receptor I contribute to the development of chest trauma-induced septic acute lung injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013; 74:792-800. [PMID: 23425737 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e31827a3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct acute lung injury (ALI) is still associated with a high mortality, whereas the underlying pathomechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this regard, epithelial cell death in the lungs has been attributed an important role in the pathogenesis of this clinical entity. Based on this background here, we hypothesized that signaling through Fas and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR-1) is involved in mediating apoptosis and inflammation in chest trauma induced septic ALI. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice (wild-type [WT]), male mutant mice expressing nonfunctional Fas receptor (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J [lpr]) (lpr) and male TNFR-1-deficient mice (TNFR-1(-/-)) were subjected to a model of direct ALI consisting of blunt chest trauma followed by cecal ligation and puncture.Cytokine/chemokine concentrations of plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids, and lung tissue were investigated as well as BAL protein and lung myeloperoxidase. Lung histology was assessed; lung caspase 3, TUNEL-positive cells, and apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophil were measured, followed by a survival study. RESULTS Cytokine/chemokine levels in plasma, BAL, and lung tissue were markedly increased in WT animals following ALI, whereas lpr and TNFR-1((-/-) showed significantly decreased levels. BAL protein levels were substantially elevated following ALI, but lpr animals presented markedly diminished protein levels compared with WT and TNFR-1(-/-) animals. Lung myeloperoxidase level was only increased 12 hours after ALI in WT animals, whereas lung myeloperoxidase levels in lpr and TNFR-1(-/-) animals were not increased compared with sham. Lung histology revealed beneficial effects in lpr and TNFR-1(-/-). Lung active caspase 3 after ALI was substantially decreased in lpr and TNFR-1(-/-) mice compared with WT. Interestingly, an early but not persisting survival benefit was observed in lpr and TNFR-1 animals(-/-). CONCLUSION Pathomechanistically, Fas and TNFR-1 signaling contributed to the apoptotic and inflammatory response in a clinically relevant double-hit model of trauma-induced septic ALI. Moreover, this was associated with a temporary survival benefit.
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Salvianolic Acid B Protects From Pulmonary Microcirculation Disturbance Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Rat. Shock 2013; 39:317-25. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318283773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mayer CL, Leibowitz CS, Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ. Shiga toxins and the pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans and animals. Toxins (Basel) 2012; 4:1261-87. [PMID: 23202315 PMCID: PMC3509707 DOI: 10.3390/toxins4111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-borne diseases are estimated at 76 million illnesses and 5000 deaths every year in the United States with the greatest burden on young children, the elderly and immunocompromised populations. The impact of efficient food distribution systems and a truly global food supply ensures that outbreaks, previously sporadic and contained locally, are far more widespread and emerging pathogens have far more frequent infection opportunities. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli is an emerging food- and water-borne pathogen family whose Shiga-like toxins induce painful hemorrhagic colitis with potentially lethal complications of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The clinical manifestations of Shiga toxin-induced HUS overlap with other related syndromes yet molecular mechanisms differ considerably. As discussed herein, understanding these differences and the novel properties of the toxins is imperative for clinical management decisions, design of appropriate animal models, and choices of adjunctive therapeutics. The emergence of new strains with rapidly aggressive virulence makes clinical and research initiatives in this field a high public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad L Mayer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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