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Hoff U, Markmann D, Thurn-Valassina D, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Erlangga Z, Schmitz J, Bräsen JH, Budde K, Melk A, Hegner B. The mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin protects from premature cellular senescence early after experimental kidney transplantation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266319. [PMID: 35446876 PMCID: PMC9022825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, a major cause of kidney allograft dysfunction, has been linked to premature cellular senescence. The mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin protects from senescence in experimental models, but its antiproliferative properties have raised concern early after transplantation particularly at higher doses. Its effect on senescence has not been studied in kidney transplantation, yet. Rapamycin was applied to a rat kidney transplantation model (3 mg/kg bodyweight loading dose, 1.5 mg/kg bodyweight daily dose) for 7 days. Low Rapamycin trough levels (2.1-6.8 ng/mL) prevented the accumulation of p16INK4a positive cells in tubules, interstitium, and glomerula. Expression of the cytokines MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α, defining the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype, was abrogated. Infiltration with monocytes/macrophages and CD8+ T-lymphocytes was reduced and tubular function was preserved by Rapamycin. Inhibition of mTOR was not associated with impaired structural recovery, higher glucose levels, or weight loss. mTOR inhibition with low-dose Rapamycin in the immediate posttransplant period protected from premature cellular senescence without negative effects on structural and functional recovery from preservation/reperfusion damage, glucose homeostasis, and growth in a rat kidney transplantation model. Reduced senescence might maintain the renal regenerative capacity rendering resilience to future injuries resulting in protection from interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Hoff
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Markmann
- Nieren- und Dialysezentrum Schöneberg-Tempelhof, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Melina Nieminen-Kelhä
- Departement of Neurosurgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Schmitz
- Nephropathology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hinrich Bräsen
- Nephropathology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anette Melk
- Childrens’ Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Björn Hegner
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Vitanas Hospital for Geriatric Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Tseng YS, Liao CH, Wu WB, Ma MC. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor hyperfunction contributes to d-serine-mediated renal insufficiency. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F799-F813. [PMID: 33749324 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00461.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hyperfunction is known to contribute to acute renal failure due to ischemia-reperfusion and endotoxemia. d-Serine is a coagonist for NMDAR activation, but whether NMDARs play a role in d-serine-mediated nephrotoxicity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that NMDAR blockade ameliorated d-serine-induced renal injury. In NMDAR-expressing LLC-PK1 cells, which were used as a proximal tubule model, d-serine but not l-serine induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, which was abrogated by the selective NMDAR blockers MK-801 and AP-5. Time-dependent oxidative stress, evidenced by gradually increased superoxide and H2O2 production, was associated with d-serine-mediated cytotoxicity; these reactive oxygen species could be alleviated not only after NMDAR inhibition but also by NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibition. Activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-δ and PKC-ζ is a downstream signal for NMDAR-mediated NOX activation because PKC inhibition diminishes the NOX activity that is induced by d-serine. Renal injury was further confirmed in male Wistar rats that intraperitoneally received d-serine but not l-serine. Peak changes in glucosuria, proteinuria, and urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde were found after 24 h of treatment. Persistent tubular damage was observed after 7 days of treatment. Cotreatment with the NMDAR blocker MK-801 for 24 h abolished d-serine-induced functional insufficiency and tubular damage. MK-801 attenuated renal superoxide formation by lowering NOX activity and protein upregulation of NOX4 but not NOX2. These results reveal that NMDAR hyperfunction underlies d-serine-induced renal injury via the effects of NOX4 on triggering oxidative stress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ionotropic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are not only present in the nervous system but also expressed in the kidney. Overstimulation of renal NMDARs leads to oxidative stress via the signal pathway of calcium/protein kinase C/NADPH oxidase in d-serine-mediated tubular cell damage. Intervention of NMDAR blockade may prevent acute renal injury caused by d-serine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shiou Tseng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hou Liao
- Divisions of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chieh Ma
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Effects of Ischemia-Reperfusion on Tubular Cell Membrane Transporters and Consequences in Kidney Transplantation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082610. [PMID: 32806541 PMCID: PMC7464608 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced acute kidney injury (IRI) is an inevitable event in kidney transplantation. It is a complex pathophysiological process associated with numerous structural and metabolic changes that have a profound influence on the early and the late function of the transplanted kidney. Proximal tubular cells are particularly sensitive to IRI. These cells are involved in renal and whole-body homeostasis, detoxification processes and drugs elimination by a transporter-dependent, transcellular transport system involving Solute Carriers (SLCs) and ATP Binding Cassettes (ABCs) transporters. Numerous studies conducted mainly in animal models suggested that IRI causes decreased expression and activity of some major tubular transporters. This could favor uremic toxins accumulation and renal metabolic alterations or impact the pharmacokinetic/toxicity of drugs used in transplantation. It is of particular importance to understand the underlying mechanisms and effects of IR on tubular transporters in order to improve the mechanistic understanding of IRI pathophysiology, identify biomarkers of graft function or promote the design and development of novel and effective therapies. Modulation of transporters’ activity could thus be a new therapeutic opportunity to attenuate kidney injury during IR.
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Yaron JR, Kwiecien JM, Zhang L, Ambadapadi S, Wakefield DN, Clapp WL, Dabrowski W, Burgin M, Munk BH, McFadden G, Chen H, Lucas AR. Modifying the Organ Matrix Pre-engraftment: A New Transplant Paradigm? Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:626-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shi B, Li S, Ju H, Liu X, Li D, Li Y. Protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine attenuates partial unilateral ureteral obstruction induced kidney injury in neonatal rats. Life Sci 2018; 216:85-91. [PMID: 30439378 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effects of chelerythrine (CHE), a protein kinase C inhibitor, on neonatal rats after partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) surgery. New born Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to partial UUO 48 h after birth and received a daily intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg CHE. At 21-day age, the rats were scarified and the kidneys were collected for analysis. Results showed that CHE treatment significantly increased kidney weight and restored renal function in the obstructed kidney. Histological examination demonstrated that CHE attenuated renal injury by reducing renal parenchymal loss and preventing glomerular and tubular degeneration. In addition, CHE inhibited partial UUO-induced upregulated kidney injury molecule-1 expression and apoptosis and renal fibrosis. Moreover, as a PKC inhibitor, CHE significantly inhibited PKCα and PKCβ membrane translocation. This action may be associated with its effects of anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis and contribute to the renoprotection. This short-term study suggests that CHE is beneficial for obstructive nephropathy in neonatal rats and provides foundation for further studies to reveal the long-term effects of CHE on obstructive nephropathy in children and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixing Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Ju
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Paediatric Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Barin-Le Guellec C, Largeau B, Bon D, Marquet P, Hauet T. Ischemia/reperfusion-associated tubular cells injury in renal transplantation: Can metabolomics inform about mechanisms and help identify new therapeutic targets? Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:34-43. [PMID: 29309901 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tubular cells are central targets of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in kidney transplantation. Inflammation and metabolic disturbances occurring within these cells are deleterious by themselves but also favor secondary events, such as activation of immune response. It is critical to have an in depth understanding of the mechanisms governing tubular cells response to I/R if one wants to define pertinent biomarkers or to elaborate targeted therapeutic interventions. As oxidative damage was shown to be central in the patho-physiological mechanisms, the impact of I/R on proximal tubular cells metabolism has been widely studied, contrary to its effects on expression and activity of membrane transporters of the proximal tubular cells. Yet, temporal modulation of transporters over ischemia and reperfusion periods appears to play a central role, not only in the induction of cells injury but also in graft function recovery. Metabolomics in cell models or diverse biofluids has the potential to provide large pictures of biochemical consequences of I/R. Metabolomic studies conducted in experimental models of I/R or in transplanted patients indeed retrieved metabolites belonging to the pathways known to be particularly affected. Interestingly, they also revealed that metabolic disturbances and transporters activities are in very close mutual interplay. As well as helping to select diagnostic biomarkers, such analyses could also contribute to identify new pharmacological targets and to set up innovative nephroprotective strategies for the future. Even if various therapeutic approaches have been evaluated for a long time to prevent or treat I/R injuries, metabolomics has helped identifying new ones, those related to membrane transporters seeming to be of particular interest. However, considering the very complex and multifactorial effects of I/R in the context of kidney transplantation, all tracks must be followed if one wants to prevent or limit its deleterious consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barin-Le Guellec
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France.
| | - Bérenger Largeau
- CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France
| | - Delphine Bon
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Limoges, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges, France; CHU Limoges, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Pharmacovigilance, Limoges, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
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7
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Hu B, Xu G, Zheng Y, Tong F, Qian P, Pan X, Zhou X, Shen R. Chelerythrine Attenuates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury by Activating CSE/H 2S via PKC/NF-κB Pathway in Diabetic Rats. Kidney Blood Press Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000477948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Di Lisa F, Giorgio M, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. New aspects of p66Shc in ischaemia reperfusion injury and other cardiovascular diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1690-1703. [PMID: 26990284 PMCID: PMC5446581 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as crucial factors in the onset and progression of a wide array of diseases, they are also involved in numerous signalling pathways related to cell metabolism, growth and survival. ROS are produced at various cellular sites, and it is generally agreed that mitochondria generate the largest amount, especially those in cardiomyocytes. However, the identification of the most relevant sites within mitochondria, the interaction among the various sources, and the events responsible for the increase in ROS formation under pathological conditions are still highly debated, and far from being clarified. Here, we review the information linking the adaptor protein p66Shc with cardiac injury induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R), including the contribution of risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome and ageing. In response to several stimuli, p66Shc migrates into mitochondria where it catalyses electron transfer from cytochrome c to oxygen resulting in hydrogen peroxide formation. Deletion of p66Shc has been shown to reduce I/R injury as well as vascular abnormalities associated with diabetes and ageing. However, p66Shc-induced ROS formation is also involved in insulin signalling and might contribute to self-endogenous defenses against mild I/R injury. In addition to its role in physiological and pathological conditions, we discuss compounds and conditions that can modulate the expression and activity of p66Shc. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental OncologyInstitute of OncologyMilanItaly
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Pharmahungary GroupSzegedHungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institut für PhysiologieJustus‐Liebig Universität GiessenGiessenGermany
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Nowak G, Takacsova-Bakajsova D, Megyesi J. Deletion of protein kinase C-ε attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction and ameliorates ischemic renal injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 312:F109-F120. [PMID: 27760765 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00115.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we documented that activation of protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε) mediates mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured renal proximal tubule cells (RPTC). This study tested whether deletion of PKC-ε decreases dysfunction of renal cortical mitochondria and improves kidney function after renal ischemia. PKC-ε levels in mitochondria of ischemic kidneys increased 24 h after ischemia. Complex I- and complex II-coupled state 3 respirations were reduced 44 and 27%, respectively, in wild-type (WT) but unchanged and increased in PKC-ε-deficient (KO) mice after ischemia. Respiratory control ratio coupled to glutamate/malate oxidation decreased 50% in WT but not in KO mice. Activities of complexes I, III, and IV were decreased 59, 89, and 61%, respectively, in WT but not in KO ischemic kidneys. Proteomics revealed increases in levels of ATP synthase (α-subunit), complexes I and III, cytochrome oxidase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase after ischemia in KO but not in WT animals. PKC-ε deletion prevented ischemia-induced increases in oxidant production. Plasma creatinine levels increased 12-fold in WT and 3-fold in KO ischemic mice. PKC-ε deletion reduced tubular necrosis, brush border loss, and distal segment damage in ischemic kidneys. PKC-ε activation in hypoxic RPTC in primary culture exacerbated, whereas PKC-ε inhibition reduced, decreases in: 1) complex I- and complex II-coupled state 3 respirations and 2) activities of complexes I, III, and IV. We conclude that PKC-ε activation mediates 1) dysfunction of complexes I and III of the respiratory chain, 2) oxidant production, 3) morphological damage to the kidney, and 4) decreases in renal functions after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; and
| | - Diana Takacsova-Bakajsova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; and
| | - Judit Megyesi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Does Delayed Graft Function Still Herald a Poorer Outcome in Kidney Transplantation? CURRENT TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40472-016-0110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yang Y, Song M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Renoprotective approaches and strategies in acute kidney injury. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:58-73. [PMID: 27108948 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major renal disease associated with high mortality rate and increasing prevalence. Decades of research have suggested numerous chemical and biological agents with beneficial effects in AKI. In addition, cell therapy and molecular targeting have been explored for reducing kidney tissue damage and promoting kidney repair or recovery from AKI. Mechanistically, these approaches may mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and mitochondrial and other organellar damage, or activate cytoprotective mechanisms such as autophagy and pro-survival factors. However, none of these findings has been successfully translated into clinical treatment of AKI. In this review, we analyze these findings and propose experimental strategies for the identification of renoprotective agents or methods with clinical potential. Moreover, we propose the consideration of combination therapy by targeting multiple targets in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | | | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Zhao D, Xu A, Dai Z, Peng J, Zhu M, Shen J, Zheng Q, Ran Z. WNT5A transforms intestinal CD8αα⁺ IELs into an unconventional phenotype with pro-inflammatory features. BMC Gastroenterol 2015; 15:173. [PMID: 26652024 PMCID: PMC4676129 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-015-0402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes that reside within the epithelium of the intestine form one of the main branches of the immune system. A majority of IELs express CD8α homodimer together with other molecules associated with immune regulation. Growing evidence points to the WNT signaling pathway as a pivotal piece in the immune balance and focuses on its direct regulation in intestinal epithelium. Therefore we decided to investigate its role in IELs’ immune status determination. Method DSS colitis was induced in male C57BL mice. IELs were isolated from colon samples using mechanical dissociation followed by percoll gradient purification and Magnetic-activated cell sorting. Phenotype and cytokine production and condition with Wnts were analyzed by flow cytometry, real-time PCR or ELISA. Proliferation of lymphocytes were evaluated using CFSE dilution. Cell responses after WNT pathway interference were also evaluated. Results Non-canonical WNT pathway elements represented by FZD5, WNT5A and NFATc1 were remarkably elevated in colitis IELs. The non-canonical WNT5A skewed them into a pro-inflammatory category as measured by inhibitory cell surface marker LAG3, LY49E, NKG2A and activated marker CD69 and FASL. Gaining of a pro-inflammatory marker was correlated with increased IFN-γ production but not TNF whilst decreased TGF-β and IL-10. Both interrupting WNT5A/PKC pathway and adding canonical WNT stimulants could curtail its immune-activating effect. Conclusion Canonical and non-canonical WNT signals act in opposing manners concerning determining CD8αα+ IELs immune status. Targeting non-canonical WNT pathway may be promising in tackling inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Antao Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zhanghan Dai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Jiangchen Peng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zhihua Ran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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Hung CH, Chan SH, Chu PM, Tsai KL. Docetaxel Facilitates Endothelial Dysfunction through Oxidative Stress via Modulation of Protein Kinase C Beta: The Protective Effects of Sotrastaurin. Toxicol Sci 2015; 145:59-67. [PMID: 25634538 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX), a taxane drug, has widely been used as an anticancer or antiangiogenesis drug. However, DTX caused side effects, such as vessel damage and phlebitis, which may reduce its clinical therapeutic efficacy. The molecular mechanisms of DTX that cause endothelial dysfunction remain unclear. The aim of this study as to validate the probable mechanisms of DTX-induced endothelial dysfunction in endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with DTX (2.5, 5, and 10nM) for 24 h to induce endothelial dysfunction. Stimulation with DTX reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. DTX upregulated caspase-3 activity and TUNEL-positive cells. DTX treatment also increased PKCβ phosphorylation levels and NADPH oxidase activity, which resulted in ROS formation. However, all of these findings were reversed by PKCβ inhibition and NADPH oxidase repression. Finally, we demonstrated that sotrastaurin (AEB-071), a new PKCβ inhibitor, mitigated DTX-induced oxidative injury in endothelial cells. Our findings from this study provide a probable molecular mechanism of DTX-induced oxidative injury in endothelial cells and a new clinical and therapeutic approach for preventing DTX-mediated vessel injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsia Hung
- *Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Chan
- *Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- *Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- *Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sobhia ME, Grewal BK, Paul MLS, Patel J, Kaur A, Haokip T, Kokkula A. Protein kinase C inhibitors: a patent review (2010 – present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1451-68. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.812073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kusch A, Hoff U, Bubalo G, Zhu Y, Fechner M, Schmidt-Ullrich R, Marko L, Müller DN, Schmidt-Ott KM, Gürgen D, Blum M, Schunck WH, Dragun D. Novel signalling mechanisms and targets in renal ischaemia and reperfusion injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 208:25-40. [PMID: 23432924 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common and severe clinical problem. Vascular dysfunction, immune system activation and tubular epithelial cell injury contribute to functional and structural deterioration. The search for novel therapeutic interventions for I/R-induced AKI is a dynamic area of experimental research. Pharmacological targeting of injury mediators and corresponding intracellular signalling in endothelial cells, inflammatory cells and the injured tubular epithelium could provide new opportunities yet may also pose great translational challenge. Here, we focus on signalling mediators, their receptors and intracellular signalling pathways which bear potential to abrogate cellular processes involved in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced AKI. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) and its respective receptors, cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-dependent vasoactive eicosanoids, NF-κB- and protein kinase-C (PKC)-related pathways are representatives of such 'druggable' pleiotropic targets. For example, pharmacological agents targeting S1P and PKC isoforms are already in clinical use for treatment for autoimmune diseases and were previously subject of clinical trials in kidney transplantation where I/R-induced AKI occurs as a common complication. We summarize recent in vitro and in vivo experimental studies using pharmacological and genomic targeting and highlight some of the challenges to clinical application of these advances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Blum
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin; Germany
| | - W.-H. Schunck
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin; Germany
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Abstract
The molecular biology revolution coupled with the development of monoclonal antibody technology enabled remarkable progress in rheumatology therapy, comprising an array of highly effective biologic agents. With advances in understanding of the molecular nature of immune cell receptors came elucidation of intracellular signalling pathways downstream of these receptors. These discoveries raise the question of whether selective targeting of key intracellular factors with small molecules would add to the rheumatologic armamentarium. In this Review, we discuss several examples of this therapeutic strategy that seem to be successful, and consider their implications for the future of immune-targeted treatments. We focus on kinase inhibitors, primarily those targeting Janus kinase family members and spleen tyrosine kinase, given their advanced status in clinical development and application. We also summarize other targets involved in signalling pathways that might offer promise for therapeutic intervention in the future.
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