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Asadi-Pooya AA, Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Blumcke I. Adult epilepsy. Lancet 2023; 402:412-424. [PMID: 37459868 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common medical condition that affects people of all ages, races, social classes, and geographical regions. Diagnosis of epilepsy remains clinical, and ancillary investigations (electroencephalography, imaging, etc) are of aid to determine the type, cause, and prognosis. Antiseizure medications represent the mainstay of epilepsy treatment: they aim to suppress seizures without adverse events, but they do not affect the underlying predisposition to generate seizures. Currently available antiseizure medications are effective in around two-thirds of patients with epilepsy. Neurosurgical resection is an effective strategy to reach seizure control in selected individuals with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. Non-pharmacological treatments such as palliative surgery (eg, corpus callosotomy), neuromodulation techniques (eg, vagus nerve stimulation), and dietary interventions represent therapeutic options for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are not suitable for resective brain surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Francesco Brigo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Merano (SABES-ASDAA), Merano, Italy; Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ingmar Blumcke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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2
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Zhu Z, Dluzynski D, Hammad N, Pugalenthi D, Walser SA, Mittal R, Samanta D, Brown ML, Asadi-Pooya AA, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Spalice A, Capponi M, Lekoubou A, Kumar A, Paudel S, Carney PR, Mainali G, Naik S. Use of Integrative, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine in Children with Epilepsy: A Global Scoping Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:713. [PMID: 37189961 PMCID: PMC10136598 DOI: 10.3390/children10040713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders in childhood. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy. Despite CAM's widespread and increasing popularity, its prevalence, forms, perceived benefits, and potential risks in pediatric epilepsy are rarely explored. (2) Methods: We performed a scoping review of the available literature on the use of CAM in pediatric epilepsy. (3) Results: Overall, global cross-sectional studies showed a variable degree of CAM usage among children with epilepsy, ranging from 13 to 44% in prevalence. Popular types of CAMs reported were supplements, cannabis products, aromatherapy, herbal remedies, dietary therapy, massage therapy, and prayer. Families often report that CAM is effective, although there are limited objective measures of this. Potential risks lie in the use of CAM, such as herbal remedies, and/or unregulated, contaminated, or unpurified products. Studies also underscored inadequate patient-physician discussions regarding CAM. (4) Conclusions: A better understanding of this topic would aid clinicians in guiding patients/families on the use of CAM. Further studies on the efficacy of the different types of CAM used, as well as potential side effects and drug interactions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zhu
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Daniela Dluzynski
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Nouran Hammad
- School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Al-Ramtha 3030, Jordan
| | - Deepika Pugalenthi
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Sarah A. Walser
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Rea Mittal
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Debopam Samanta
- Section of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Melanie L. Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ali A. Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71437, Iran
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 7062, Uganda
| | - Alberto Spalice
- Department of Maternal Sciences, University la Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Capponi
- Department of Maternal Sciences, University la Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alain Lekoubou
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Hershey Medical Center, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sita Paudel
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Paul R. Carney
- Pediatric Neurology Division, University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Gayatra Mainali
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sunil Naik
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Arida RM. Physical Exercise as a Strategy to Reduce Seizure Susceptibility. PHARMACORESISTANCE IN EPILEPSY 2023:453-477. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36526-3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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4
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Houchi S, Messasma Z. Exploring the inhibitory potential of Saussurea costus and Saussurea involucrata phytoconstituents against the Spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) variant and the main protease (M pro) as therapeutic candidates, using Molecular docking, DFT, and ADME/Tox studies. J Mol Struct 2022; 1263:133032. [PMID: 35431327 PMCID: PMC8993769 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The B.1.617.2 Delta variant is considered to be the most infectious of all SARS-CoV2 variants. Here, an attempt has been made through in-silico screening of 55 bioactive compounds from two selected plants, Saussurea costus and Saussurea involucrata as potential inhibitors of two viral proteases, main protease Mpro (PDB ID:6LU7) and the RBD of SGP of Sars-CoV-2 B1.617.2 Delta variant (PDB ID:7ORB) where the binding energy, molecular interactions, ADMET/Tox, chemical descriptors and Quantum-Chemical Calculations were explored. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the three top docked compounds formed relatively stable complexes within the active site and displayed remarkable binding energy in the order of Tangshenoside III, Rutin and Hesperidin (-9.35, -9.14 and -8.57 kcal/mol, respectively) with Mpro and Rutin, Tangshenoside III and Hesperidin (-9.07, -7.71 and -7.57 kcal/mol) with RBD of SGP. These compounds are non-Mutagen and non-carcinogen. Therefore, according to the Lipinski's Rule of Five they exhibited three violations concerning hydrogen acceptor, donor and molecular weight. However, based on the Quantum-Chemical Calculations results the selected ligands have effective reactivity, as they showed lower band gaps. The difference of the ELUMO and EHOMO was low, ranging from 0.0639 to 0.0978 a.u, implying the strong affinity of these inhibitors towards the target proteins. Among the three inhibitors, Rutin exhibited higher reactivity against two viral proteases, main protease (Mpro) and the Sars-CoV-2 B1.617.2, as the band energy gap was lowest among all the three phytochemicals, 0.0639 a.u This could indicate that Rutincan be potential anti-viral drug candidates against the existing SARS-CoV-2, the B.1.617.2 Delta variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Houchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, Algeria
| | - Zakia Messasma
- Department of Process Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Molecular Engineering and Redox Catalysis, Faculty of Technology, University of Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, 19000, Algeria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, 19000, Algeria
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Bertoncello KT, Bonan CD. Zebrafish as a tool for the discovery of anticonvulsant compounds from botanical constituents. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174342. [PMID: 34265297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy affects about 65 million people in the world, which makes this disease a public health problem. In addition to the incidence of recurrent seizures, this neurological condition also culminates in cognitive, psychological, behavioral, and social consequences to the patients. Epilepsy treatment is based on the use of drugs that aim to inhibit repetitive neuronal discharges, and consequently, the recurrence of seizures. However, despite the large number of antiepileptic drugs currently available, about 30-40% of patients with epilepsy do not respond satisfactorily to treatments. Therefore, the investigation of new therapeutic alternatives for epilepsy becomes relevant, especially the search for new compounds with anticonvulsant properties. The therapeutic potential of plant-derived bioactive compounds has been a target for alternative treatments for epilepsy. The use of animal models for drug screening, such as zebrafish, contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in seizures and for investigating methods and alternative treatments to decrease seizure incidence. The sensitivity of zebrafish to chemoconvulsants and its use in genetic approaches reinforces the contribution of this animal to epilepsy research. Moreover, we summarize advances in zebrafish-based studies that focus on plant-derived bioactive compounds with potential antiseizure properties, contributing to the screening of new drugs for epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanandra Taisa Bertoncello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Martorell M, Sharopov F, Tumer TB, Kurt B, Lankatillake C, Docea AO, Moreira AC, Dias DA, Mahomoodally MF, Lobine D, Cruz-Martins N, Kumar M, Calina D. A Pharmacological Perspective on Plant-derived Bioactive Molecules for Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2205-2225. [PMID: 34120291 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a related chronic neurological condition of a predisposition for recurrent epileptic seizures, with various manifestations and causes. Although there are antiepileptic drugs, complementary natural therapies are widely used. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the antiepileptic/anticonvulsant pharmacological properties of plant-food derived bioactive molecules. In this regard, a systematic review of the PubMed database was made based on the inclusion criteria. Natural compounds/herbs with scientifically proven antiepileptic properties were selected. Experimental pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo have shown that flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids may have anticonvulsant mechanisms similar to the new generation antiepileptic drugs. The relationships of structure-anticonvulsant effect, pharmacological models, seizure-inducing factors and response, effective dose were also analyzed and discussed. The results of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies analyzed in this systematic review support the clinical importance of plant-food-derived bioactive molecules for the complementary treatment of epilepsy. Thus, are opened new perspectives to develop new natural anticonvulsant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique, Chile
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, 4070386, Concepcion, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, 4070386, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe, 734003, Tajikistan
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020, Turkey
| | - Begum Kurt
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020, Turkey
| | - Chintha Lankatillake
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Catarina Moreira
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE Almada, 2801-951, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel A Dias
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| | | | - Devina Lobine
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837, Mauritius
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Echnology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
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Loshali A, Joshi BC, Sundriyal A, Uniyal S. Antiepileptic effects of antioxidant potent extract from Urtica dioica Linn. root on pentylenetetrazole and maximal electroshock induced seizure models. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06195. [PMID: 33644470 PMCID: PMC7887401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urtica dioica Linn. (Urticaceae) is a medicinal plant that has shown various therapeutic utilities in folklore medicine along with its use in the treatment of epilepsy. The entire plant has a sensible reservoir of nutritional elements and micronutrients. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antiepileptic effect of antioxidant potent extract of Urtica dioica root on animal models. Antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts i.e. Petroleum ether extract (PEE), Ethyl acetate extract (EAE), Chloroform extract (CE) and Ethanolic extract (EE) were screened by DPPH radical scavenging assay using Ascorbic acid as the standard. Further the most potent antioxidant extract was subjected to antiepileptic activity against MES and PTZ model. The IC50 values of different Urtica dioica extracts (PEE, CE, EAE, and EE) in antioxidant assay were found to be 167.54 ± 1.97, 134.41 ± 0.82, 88.15 ± 1.39 and 186.38 ± 1.91 μg/ml in DPPH radical scavenging assay, respectively. The EAE has showed the potent antioxidant activity. In experimental study the EAE (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) has found to be effective and significant against MES and PTZ induced seizures. The present study also suggested that antioxidant potent extract (EAE) of Urtica dioica root has antiepileptic effect against MES and PTZ induced seizures. However, further research studies will investigate the active component(s) of Urtica dioica responsible for the observed anticonvulsant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Loshali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences &Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences &Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Ankush Sundriyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences &Research, Balawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Sushmita Uniyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology & Science, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
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Mesraoua B, Kissani N, Deleu D, Elsheikh L, Ali M, Melikyan G, Hail HA, Wiebe S, Asadi-Pooya AA. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for epilepsy treatment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Epilepsy Res 2021; 170:106538. [PMID: 33444903 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to provide the reader with a review on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) treatment in epilepsy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, to describe the extent and factors associated with its use among patients with epilepsy (PWE), and to recommend how effectively we will be able to reduce this alarming use. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective literature search from 1945 to December 2019, regarding CAM use in the MENA region, using electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science). CONCLUSION The use of CAM and consultation of traditional healers for the treatment of epilepsy has so far been widespread practice for centuries in the MENA region. Lack of health professionals and non-adherence to conventional epilepsy treatment are strongly associated with the use of CAM. Improvement in the level of knowledge of epilepsy among PWE, healthcare professionals, including traditional healers, will educate PWE and their caregivers on potentially unsafe practices and promote adherence to Antiseizure Drugs (ASDs). Additionally, randomized controlled trials are needed to study the role and value of various CAM treatment options in PWEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boulenouar Mesraoua
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Qatar.
| | - Najib Kissani
- University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Dirk Deleu
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Qatar.
| | | | - Musab Ali
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Gayane Melikyan
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Qatar.
| | - Hassan Al Hail
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Qatar.
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada.
| | - Ali A Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Khan AU, Akram M, Daniyal M, Akhter N, Riaz M, Akhtar N, Shariati MA, Anjum F, Khan SG, Parveen A, Ahmad S. Awareness and current knowledge of epilepsy. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:45-63. [PMID: 31605258 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a severe neural disorder that affects approximately fifty million individuals globally. Despite the fact that for most of the people with epilepsy, convulsions are better controlled by current accessible antiepileptic medicines, yet there are more than 30% of individuals affected with medically intractable epilepsy and around 30-40% of all patients with epilepsy affected by many adverse reactions and convulsion resistance to the present antiepileptic drugs. Consequently, various scientists attempt to develop new strategies to treat epilepsy, for instance, to find out novel antiepileptic ingredients from traditional medicines. This work aims to present a complete summary of natural medicines prescribed as antiepileptic agents all over the world by ethnic groups and different tribes. We undertook an extensive bibliographic analysis by searching peer reviewed papers and classical textbooks and further consulting well accepted worldwide scientific databases. We carried out PubMed, EMbase and CENTRAL searches by means of terms such as "antiepileptic" and "anti-convulsant" activity of plants. Medicinal plants have been prescribed to treat epilepsy and have been recognized as antiepileptic medicines. In this review, a variety of herbs have been reviewed for thorough studies such as Cuminum cyminum, Butea monosperma, Solanum americanum, Anacyclus pyrethrum, Leonotis leonurus, Elaeocarpus ganitrus and Angelica archangelica. This paper shows that it was high time experimental studies are increased to obtain novel potential active principles from medicinal plants. Plant extracts and their chemical constituents should be further evaluated to clarify their mechanisms of action. This paper provides a solid base upon which to further investigate the clinical efficacy of medicinal plants that are both currently prescribed by physicians as traditional antiepileptic agents, but also could be effective as an antiepileptic drug with further research and study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Naheed Akhter
- College of Allied Health Professional, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food industry (Semey branch), Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Fozia Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abida Parveen
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
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An Integrated Approach to Recognize Potential Protective Effects of Culinary Herbs Against Chronic Diseases. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS RESEARCH 2018; 3:184-199. [DOI: 10.1007/s41666-018-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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González-Trujano ME, Martínez-González CL, Flores-Carrillo M, Luna-Nophal SI, Contreras-Murillo G, Magdaleno-Madrigal VM. Behavioral and electroencephalographic evaluation of the anticonvulsive activity of Moringa oleifera leaf non-polar extracts and one metabolite in PTZ-induced seizures. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 39:1-9. [PMID: 29433669 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGORUND Moringa oleifera Lamarck is a species that has long been used in high demand in folk medicine, including for the treatment of epilepsy. Nevertheless, scientific studies demonstrating its anticonvulsant properties and the nature of the bioactive constituents are lacking. HYPOTHESIS/AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant activities of the Moringa oleifera leaves in non-polar vs. polar extracts using behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) analyses in rodents. METHODS First, PTZ (80 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced tonic-clonic seizures were assayed via a dose-response (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) evaluation in mice. Then, a dosage of the extracts (100 or 300 mg/kg) and one metabolite (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was selected to evaluate its effect on PTZ (35 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced EEG paroxystic activities in rats compared to the effects of ethosuximide (reference anticonvulsant drug, 100 mg/kg, i.p.). Latent onset of the first paroxystic spike, first seizure and frequency as well as seizure severity, were determined using Racine's scale. RESULTS Moringa oleifera ethanol and hexane extracts produced a delay in the seizure latency in mice and rats; this effect was improved in the presence of the hexane extract containing the active metabolite hexadecanoic acid. The anticonvulsant effects were corroborated in the spectral analysis by the potency of the EEG due to a reduction in the spike frequency and amplitude, as well as in the duration and severity of the seizures. The effects of the hexane extract resembled those observed in the reference antiepileptic drug ethosuximide. CONCLUSION Moringa oleifera leaves possess anticonvulsant activities due to the complementary of the non-polar and polar constituents. However, the non-polar constituents appear to exert an important influence via the partial participation of fatty acids, providing evidence of the effects of this plant in epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales. Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México 14370, México
| | - Claudia Lizbeth Martínez-González
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Mecánica y Eléctrica (ESIME) Zacatenco. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, México
| | - Maricela Flores-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales. Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México 14370, México
| | - Sara Ibeth Luna-Nophal
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología del Control y la Regulación. Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México 14370, México
| | - Gerardo Contreras-Murillo
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología del Control y la Regulación. Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México 14370, México
| | - Víctor Manuel Magdaleno-Madrigal
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología del Control y la Regulación. Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101 Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México 14370, México.
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Scorza FA, Scorza CA, Valente KD. Dravet syndrome, SUDEP, and omega-3 fatty acids: Lessons from the past, learning of the present, and perspectives for the future. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 73:286-288. [PMID: 28666586 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carla A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kette D Valente
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia Clínica, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Sriranjini SJ, Sandhya K, Mamta VS. Ayurveda and botanical drugs for epilepsy: Current evidence and future prospects. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52:290-6. [PMID: 26141933 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of epilepsy has progressed since its earliest impression as a disease associated with paranormal and superstitious beliefs. Landmark advances have been made in deciphering the pathophysiological substrates involved in the disease process, and treatment advances have contributed significantly to ameliorating the seizures. However, disease-modifying agents are yet to be discovered. Ayurveda is a system of medicine that stresses a holistic approach to disease, and treatment is focused on disease modification and symptom management. Herbs form the core of Ayurveda medicine; though many of them have been studied for their anticonvulsant activity, very few actually mention the reference of these herbs in Ayurveda literature. Other therapeutic interventions used in Ayurveda are relatively unexplored, and future research will need to focus on this. The current manuscript briefly discusses the understanding of epilepsy as per Ayurveda and reviews herbs that have been studied for their anticonvulsant activity mentioned in Ayurveda literature. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Botanicals for Epilepsy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitaram Jaideep Sriranjini
- MS Ramaiah Indic Center for Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India.
| | - Kumar Sandhya
- Ramakrishna Ayurvedic Medical College, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Vernekar Sanjeeva Mamta
- MS Ramaiah Indic Center for Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India
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Kakooza-Mwesige A. The importance of botanical treatments in traditional societies and challenges in developing countries. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52:297-307. [PMID: 26293314 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions worldwide, with many affected persons found in Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa. Relatedly, the large majority found in these regions does not receive the appropriate therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), stemming from various reasons among which are lack of access to AEDs, social stigma, and negative cultural attitudes. The presence of epilepsy resistant to the available AEDs coupled with the frequent AED side effects has further fueled the widespread and growing use of botanicals as alternative therapy in several traditional societies in these developing countries since people with epilepsy (PWE) consider them as safe and effective. There have, however, been few botanicals that have been examined for their pharmacological activities related to traditional uses, and there is hardly any conclusive evidence regarding their efficacy in humans or knowledge about the exact mechanism(s) of action. This review discusses some botanical treatments that have been used for epilepsy in developing countries and the challenges faced. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Botanicals for Epilepsy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige
- Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences and Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda; Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Department of Women's & Children's Health, Neuropediatric Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Arida RM. Impact of physical exercise therapy on behavioral and psychosocial aspects of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 40:90-1. [PMID: 25439350 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mario Arida
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Alpers LM, Hanssen I. Caring for ethnic minority patients: a mixed method study of nurses' self-assessment of cultural competency. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2014; 34:999-1004. [PMID: 24393288 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows that nurses tend to be lacking cultural competence, which may influence treatment and care for ethnic minority patients negatively. PURPOSE To investigate how Medical Unit nurses and Psychiatric Unit nurses assess their own competency concerning patients with minority backgrounds. The topics covered are: intercultural knowledge, knowledge of medical traditions and differences in illness etiology, symptom assessment, and in-service education and availability of advice. These topics are seen in relation to the nurses' years of work experience. METHODS Three focus group interviews were conducted before the development of a Likert-type questionnaire containing six topics and a total of 35 statements. 145 Medical Unit nurses (90%) and 100 Psychiatric Unit nurses (81%) returned the questionnaire. SPSS was used to analyze the quantitative data; hermeneutic thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. RESULTS Both the Medical Unit nurses and the Psychiatric Unit nurses indicated that knowledge about illness and treatment philosophies other than Western biomedicine was inadequate. The respondents also found symptom assessment difficult, and they were offered little, if any, in-service education. Work experience added little substantive knowledge. CONCLUSION Experience alone does not equip nurses with adequate knowledge for intercultural symptom assessment and culturally competent treatment and care. Formal education, in-service classes, courses, feedback and access to relevant information are needed together with reflection upon clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise-Merete Alpers
- Lovisenberg Diakonale Sykehus [Lovisenberg Deaconal Hospital], Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus, Senter for profesjonsstudier (Oslo and Akershus University College, Centre for the Study of Professions), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Hanssen
- Lovisenberg diakonale høgskole/Lovisenberg Deaconal University College, Oslo, Norway.
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Engel J. Approaches to refractory epilepsy. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2014; 17:S12-7. [PMID: 24791078 PMCID: PMC4001229 DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.128644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological conditions, and 30 to 40% of people with epilepsy have seizures that are not controlled by medication. Patients are considered to have refractory epilepsy if disabling seizures continue despite appropriate trials of two antiseizure drugs, either alone or in combination. At this point, patients should be referred to multidisciplinary epilepsy centers that perform specialized diagnostic testing to first determine whether they are, in fact, pharmacoresistant, and then, if so, offer alternative treatments. Apparent pharmacoresistance can result from a variety of situations, including noncompliance, seizures that are not epileptic, misdiagnosis of the seizure type or epilepsy syndrome, inappropriate use of medication, and lifestyle issues. For patients who are pharmacoresistant, surgical treatment offers the best opportunity for complete freedom from seizures. Surgically remediable epilepsy syndromes have been identified, but patients with more complicated epilepsy can also benefit from surgical treatment and require more specialized evaluation, including intracranial EEG monitoring. For patients who are not surgical candidates, or who are unwilling to consider surgery, a variety of other alternative treatments can be considered, including peripheral or central neurostimulation, ketogenic diet, and complementary and alternative approaches. When such alternative treatments are not appropriate or effective, quality of life can still be greatly improved by the psychological and social support services offered by multidisciplinary epilepsy centers. A major obstacle remains the fact that only a small proportion of patients with refractory epilepsy are referred for expert evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Engel
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Işler A, Turan FD, Gözüm S, Oncel S. Complementary and alternative approaches used by parents of children with epilepsy on epilepsy management. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 32:156-61. [PMID: 24462737 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the complementary and alternative approaches used by parents of children with epilepsy on epilepsy management. This descriptive study included a total of 304 parents of children with epilepsy aged between 0 and 18years evaluated at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic of Akdeniz University Hospital in Turkey between January and May 2013. Data were collected by using a questionnaire developed by the researchers. It was determined that all the parents use complementary and alternative approaches for their children with epilepsy, and the most common approaches are praying (99.3%); keeping their children away from the effects of smoking (79.8%); feeding their children walnuts (79.6%), butter (59.2%), and bone marrow (58.6%); providing their children with good quality sleep (58.6%); and enabling their children to play games (51%). The approaches commonly applied during seizures include praying (96.2%), comforting their children in their arms and showing affection (55.6%), waiting for seizures to finish at home (45.7%), and laying children on their side (41.1%). Of parents, 98% stated that alternative approaches enable them to control their child's seizures, 100% said that alternative approaches have no adverse effect, and 98.4% stated that they will continue to use these approaches. The children's approaches to cope with epilepsy included looking after pets (72.7%), listening to music (70.1%), watching television (64.5%), playing games (55.3%), praying (51%), and spending time with friends (48.7%). Most of the approaches used by parents and children with epilepsy for the management of illness are determined to consist of complementary approaches that may contribute to management of epilepsy. Knowing the approaches of parents and children with epilepsy that could adversely affect disease management is important for educating parents and children to avoid these potentially harmful interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Işler
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Pediatric Nursing Department, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Dilek Turan
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Pediatric Nursing Department, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Sebahat Gözüm
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Public Health Nursing Department, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Selma Oncel
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Public Health Nursing Department, Antalya, Turkey.
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Al Asmi A, Al Maniri A, Al-Farsi YM, Burke DT, Al Asfoor FMH, Al Busaidi I, Al Breiki MHA, Lahiri S, Braidy N, Essa MM, Al-Adawi S. Types and sociodemographic correlates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among people with epilepsy in Oman. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 29:361-6. [PMID: 24011398 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nonpharmacological treatment strategies that originate from sociocultural teachings and are beyond the scope of allopathic medicine are commonly used among people with epilepsy (PWE) in many parts of the world. The present study explored the types and sociodemographic correlates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among PWE in Oman among attendees of a neurological unit at a tertiary care center. Data on the types of CAM were gathered from telephone interviews. The relevant demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were obtained from electronic medical records. Of the total of 101 participants, 73.3% were CAM users. The majority of these participants have not disclosed their CAM use to their allopathic health-care providers. The most common types of CAM reported were those falling under the 'mind-body' type (incantations and fumigation) and biologically based (herbal concoctions) or a combination of them. Compared to non-CAM users, a significant and greater proportion of CAM users attributed the etiology of their illness to nonbiomedical factors such as 'evil eyes' (P=0.04). The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that the use of CAM was highly associated with age of <30years (OR=3.09; 95% CI: 1.10, 5.46), unemployment (OR=2.04; 95% CI: 1.15, 6.39), having basic school education (OR=2.21; 95% CI: 0.83, 5.18), low family income (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 0.91, 2.11), and the presence of hypersalivation (OR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.01, 4.39). Further studies are needed to harmonize these two healing practices. On the whole, this study indicates that among attendees of tertiary care utilization, CAM is common among PWE in Oman. The most utilized type of CAM falls under the umbrella of mind-body practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Asmi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
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Scorza FA, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza CA, Galduróz JCF, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Omega-3 intake in people with obstructive sleep apnea: beauty sleep for the heart. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 29:424-6. [PMID: 24016737 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Perception and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Patients With Epilepsy. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/archneurosci.11766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Doering JH, Reuner G, Kadish NE, Pietz J, Schubert-Bast S. Pattern and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among pediatric patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 29:41-6. [PMID: 23933629 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parents of pediatric patients with chronic conditions such as epilepsy increasingly opt for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, data on the pattern and reasons of CAM use in childhood epilepsy are scarce. The objectives of this study were as follows: first, to characterize CAM use among pediatric patients with epilepsy by assessing its spectrum, prevalence, costs, and frequency of use; second, to evaluate the influence of CAM use on compliance and satisfaction with conventional care as well as to explore parent-child neurologist communication concerning CAM; and third, to investigate predictors of CAM use. A postal survey was administered to all parents of pediatric outpatients with epilepsy aged 6 to 12, who have received treatment at the neuropediatric outpatient clinic of the University Children's Hospital Heidelberg between 2007 and 2009. One hundred thirty-two of the 297 distributed questionnaires were suitable for inclusion in statistical analysis (44.7%). Forty-nine participants indicated that their children used CAM during the previous year (37.1%). Thirty different types of CAM were used, with homeopathy (55.1%), osteopathy (24.5%), and kinesiology (16.3%) being the most commonly named. A mean of 86€ (0€-500€) and 3h (1 h-30 h) per month was committed to CAM treatment. Only 53% of the users informed their child neurologist of the additional CAM treatment, while 85.6% of all parents wished to discuss CAM options with their child neurologist. Seventy-five percent of users considered the CAM treatment effective. Among the participants most likely to seek CAM treatment are parents whose children show a long duration of epileptic symptoms, parents who make use of CAM treatment themselves, and parents who value a holistic and natural treatment approach. A substantial portion of pediatric patients with epilepsy receive CAM treatment. The high prevalence of use and significant level of financial and time resources spent on CAM indicate the high importance of these treatment options for parents. On the other hand, communication concerning CAM with the child neurologist is largely insufficient despite the wish to speak about CAM. Complementary and alternative medicine users' high compliance with conventional treatment and high perceived effectiveness of CAM support an integrative approach to CAM for pediatric patients with epilepsy. Our study implies that in addition to open parent-child neurologist communication, active inquiry on CAM treatments is necessary to enable informed decision making by parents and to establish the suitability of CAM treatment for the patient. Reliable predictors for CAM use, which allow for improved identification of patients with a high likelihood to receive CAM treatment, are the duration of the illness, use of CAM by the parents themselves, and the desire of the parents to receive a holistic and natural treatment for their child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H Doering
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Arida RM, de Almeida ACG, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza FA. Experimental and clinical findings from physical exercise as complementary therapy for epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 26:273-8. [PMID: 23099288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Complementary therapies for preventing or treating epilepsy have been extensively used. This review focuses on the positive effects of physical exercise programs observed in clinical studies and experimental models of epilepsy and their significance as a complementary therapy for epilepsy. Information about the antiepileptogenic and neuroprotective effects of exercise is highlighted. Considering that exercise can exert beneficial actions such as reduction of seizure susceptibility, reduction of anxiety and depression, and consequently, improvement of quality of life of individuals with epilepsy, exercise can be a potential candidate as non-pharmacological treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mario Arida
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Interleukin-6 bares a dark side in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2012; 24:285-6. [PMID: 22561097 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Hsieh RL, Huang CH, Uen WC. Necrotizing fasciitis after acupuncture in a patient with aplastic anemia. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 17:871-4. [PMID: 21875353 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2010.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to describe a serious complication of acupuncture treatment in a high-risk patient with aplastic anemia. DESIGN A 44-year-old woman with aplastic anemia experienced right calf pain after running. After poor results with physical therapy, she received needle acupuncture for pain relief. However, aggravated pain with swelling of the right calf developed 2 days later. RESULTS On admission, she had a temperature of 38.8°C, a white blood cell count of 500/μL, and hemoglobin of 5.7 g/dL. Ultrasound and computed tomography scans showed swelling of the right calf muscle fascia, and aspiration drew out Staphylococcus infection. The symptoms improved after treatment with parenteral antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrates that necrotizing fasciitis must be considered as a possible complication of acupuncture in high-risk patients, and that early recognition and treatment of this life-threatening soft-tissue infection must be emphasized. Extreme caution should be employed when using acupuncture for high-risk patients, such as those with aplastic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lan Hsieh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wo Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang HY, Qi LW, Wang CZ, Li P. Bioactivity enhancement of herbal supplements by intestinal microbiota focusing on ginsenosides. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 39:1103-15. [PMID: 22083984 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x11009433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota contribute to diverse mammalian processes including the metabolic functions of drugs. It is a potential new territory for drug targeting, especially for dietary herbal products. Because most herbal medicines are orally administered, the chemical profile and corresponding bioactivities of herbal medicines may be altered by intestinal microbiota. Ginseng is one of the most commonly used herbs and it is an attractive natural product to study its effect in the body. In this review, after briefly introducing the interactions of herbal products and gut microbiota, we discuss the microbiota-mediated metabolism of ginsenosides in ginseng and red ginseng. In particular, the major metabolite compound K and its pharmacological advances are described including anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. In summary, the intestinal microbiota may play an important role in mediating the metabolism bioactivity of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Scorza FA, Cysneiros RM, de Albuquerque M, Scattolini M, Arida RM. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: an important concern. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66 Suppl 1:65-9. [PMID: 21779724 PMCID: PMC3118439 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011001300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic problems worldwide. Unfortunately, individuals with epilepsy are at higher risk of death than the general population, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. In this review article, our research group focused on the risk factors, mechanisms and preventative measures obtained from clinical and experimental studies on sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.
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SCORZA FA, SCATTOLINI M, CYSNEIROS RM, ARIDA RM, DE ALBUQUERQUE M, TERRA VC, MACHADO HR, GOMES RA, KESROUANI S, CRUZ J, PELARIGO FCM, SILVA AL, HENRIQUES TMG, CAVALHEIRO EA. Sudden unexpected death in patients with epilepsy receiving renal replacement therapy with dialysis: A 17-year experience at a single institution. Hemodial Int 2010; 14:364-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2010.00492.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Complementary and alternative medicine use among US adults with common neurological conditions. J Neurol 2010; 257:1822-31. [PMID: 20535493 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-010-5616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine patterns, reasons for, and correlates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in US adults with common neurological conditions. We compared CAM use between adults with and without common neurological conditions (regular headaches, migraines, back pain with sciatica, strokes, dementia, seizures, or memory loss) using the 2007 National Health Interview Survey of 23,393 sampled US adults. Adults with common neurological conditions used CAM more frequently than those without (44.1 vs. 32.6%, p < 0.0001); differences persisted after adjustment. For each CAM modality, adults with common neurological conditions were more likely to use CAM than those without these conditions. Nearly half of adults with back pain with sciatica, memory loss, and migraines reported use of CAM. Mind/body therapies were used the most; alternative medical systems were used the least. Over 50% of adults with common neurological conditions who used CAM had not discussed their use with their health care provider. Those with neurological conditions used CAM more often than those without because of provider recommendation, or because conventional treatments were perceived ineffective or too costly. Significant correlates of CAM use among adults with common neurological conditions include higher than high school education, anxiety in the prior year, living in the west, being a former smoker, and light alcohol use. CAM is used more frequently among adults with common neurological conditions than those without. More research on the efficacy of CAM use for common neurological conditions is warranted.
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The potential role of physical exercise in the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2010; 17:432-5. [PMID: 20159660 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of exercise for people with epilepsy, including reduction of seizure susceptibility, improvement of quality of life, reduction of anxiety and depression, and better social integration, have increasingly been reported. We present data from human and animal studies supporting the role of exercise as a therapy for epilepsy complementary to standard treatments.
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Prus N, Grant AC. Patient beliefs about epilepsy and brain surgery in a multicultural urban population. Epilepsy Behav 2010; 17:46-9. [PMID: 19910261 PMCID: PMC2818497 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We assessed beliefs about epilepsy and brain surgery and the use of alternative epilepsy treatments in a culturally diverse population of people with epilepsy (PWE). Data were obtained from a structured questionnaire administered to 109 PWE treated at a single epilepsy center. Patients were born in 17 countries on five continents. Most patients identified culturally with the Caribbean (41%), United States (39%), or Latin America (9%). Sixty-nine percent of patients endorsed at least one of five stigma-related questions, and 77% used at least one alternative epilepsy treatment. Brain surgery was rated as having a mean dangerousness of 8.3 (on a scale of 1 to 10) among the 94 patients with no history of neurosurgery. In addition, 51% of these patients would not consider surgical treatment even if it were guaranteed to stop their seizures without causing deficits. Educational efforts aimed at reducing both the stigma associated with epilepsy and the fear of resective epilepsy surgery are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur C. Grant
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone 718.270.2959, Fax 718.270.4711,
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Cysneiros RM, Arida RM, Terra VC, Sonoda EY, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza FA. To sushi or not to sushi: can people with epilepsy have sushi from time to time? Epilepsy Behav 2009; 16:565-6. [PMID: 19766060 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yoon WJ, Ham YM, Yoo BS, Moon JY, Koh J, Hyun CG. Oenothera laciniata inhibits lipopolysaccharide induced production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and proinflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages. J Biosci Bioeng 2009; 107:429-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2008.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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