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Jeong SY, Choi JH, Kim J, Woo JS, Lee EH. Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 32 (TRIM32): What Does It Do for Skeletal Muscle? Cells 2023; 12:2104. [PMID: 37626915 PMCID: PMC10453674 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32) is a member of the tripartite motif family and is highly conserved from flies to humans. Via its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, TRIM32 mediates and regulates many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as growth, differentiation, muscle regeneration, immunity, and carcinogenesis. TRIM32 plays multifunctional roles in the maintenance of skeletal muscle. Genetic variations in the TRIM32 gene are associated with skeletal muscular dystrophies in humans, including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H (LGMD2H). LGMD2H-causing genetic variations of TRIM32 occur most frequently in the C-terminal NHL (ncl-1, HT2A, and lin-41) repeats of TRIM32. LGMD2H is characterized by skeletal muscle dystrophy, myopathy, and atrophy. Surprisingly, most patients with LGMD2H show minimal or no dysfunction in other tissues or organs, despite the broad expression of TRIM32 in various tissues. This suggests more prominent roles for TRIM32 in skeletal muscle than in other tissues or organs. This review is focused on understanding the physiological roles of TRIM32 in skeletal muscle, the pathophysiological mechanisms mediated by TRIM32 genetic variants in LGMD2H patients, and the correlations between TRIM32 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeon Jeong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Woo
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA
| | - Eun Hui Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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2
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Li L, Umbach DM, Li Y, Halani P, Shi M, Ahn M, Yeung DSC, Vaughn B, Fan ZJ. Sleep apnoea and hypoventilation in patients with five major types of muscular dystrophy. BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:10/1/e001506. [PMID: 37072321 PMCID: PMC10124300 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The characteristics of and relationship between sleep apnoea and hypoventilation in patients with muscular dystrophy (MD) remain to be fully understood. METHODS We analysed 104 in-laboratory sleep studies of 73 patients with MD with five common types (DMD-Duchenne, Becker MD, CMD-congenital, LGMD-limb-girdle and DM-myotonic dystrophy). We used generalised estimating equations to examine differences among these types for outcomes. RESULTS Patients in all five types had high risk of sleep apnoea with 53 of the 73 patients (73%) meeting the diagnostic criteria in at least one study. Patients with DM had higher risk of sleep apnoea compared with patients with LGMD (OR=5.15, 95% CI 1.47 to 18.0; p=0.003). Forty-three per cent of patients had hypoventilation with observed prevalence higher in CMD (67%), DMD (48%) and DM (44%). Hypoventilation and sleep apnoea were associated in those patients (unadjusted OR=2.75, 95% CI 1.15 to 6.60; p=0.03), but the association weakened after adjustment (OR=2.32, 95% CI 0.92 to 5.81; p=0.08). In-sleep average heart rate was about 10 beats/min higher in patients with CMD and DMD compared with patients with DM (p=0.0006 and p=0.02, respectively, adjusted for multiple testing). CONCLUSION Sleep-disordered breathing is common in patients with MD but each type has its unique features. Hypoventilation was only weakly associated with sleep apnoea; thus, high clinical suspicion is needed for diagnosing hypoventilation. Identifying the window when respiratory muscle weakness begins to cause hypoventilation is important for patients with MD; it enables early intervention with non-invasive ventilation-a therapy that should both lengthen the expected life of these patients and improve its quality.Cite Now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leping Li
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David M Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pallav Halani
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Min Shi
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mihye Ahn
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Deryck S C Yeung
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bradley Vaughn
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zheng Jane Fan
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Poyatos-García J, Blázquez-Bernal Á, Selva-Giménez M, Bargiela A, Espinosa-Espinosa J, Vázquez-Manrique RP, Bigot A, Artero R, Vilchez JJ. CRISPR-Cas9 editing of a TNPO3 mutation in a muscle cell model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type D2. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 31:324-338. [PMID: 36789274 PMCID: PMC9898580 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A single-nucleotide deletion in the stop codon of the nuclear import receptor transportin-3 (TNPO3), also involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, causes the ultrarare autosomal dominant disease limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D2 (LGMDD2) by extending the wild-type protein. Here, we generated a patient-derived in vitro model of LGMDD2 as an immortalized myoblast cell line carrying the TNP O 3 mutation. The cell model reproduced critical molecular alterations seen in patients, such as TNP O 3 overexpression, defects in terminal muscle markers, and autophagy overactivation. Correction of the TNP O 3 mutation via CRISPR-Cas9 editing caused a significant reversion of the pathological phenotypes in edited cells, including a complete absence of the mutant TNPO3 protein, as detected with a polyclonal antibody specific against the abnormal 15-aa peptide. Transcriptomic analyses found that 15% of the transcriptome was differentially expressed in model myotubes. CRISPR-Cas9-corrected cells showed that 44% of the alterations were rescued toward normal levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) analyses showed that around 50% of miRNAs with impaired expression because of the disease were recovered on the mutation edition. In summary, this work provides proof of concept of the potential of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing of TNP O 3 as a therapeutic approach and describes critical reagents in LGMDD2 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Poyatos-García
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U763, CB06/05/0091, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Águeda Blázquez-Bernal
- Translational Genomics Group, University Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Selva-Giménez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U763, CB06/05/0091, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ariadna Bargiela
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Espinosa-Espinosa
- Translational Genomics Group, University Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael P. Vázquez-Manrique
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U763, CB06/05/0091, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for Rare Diseases IIS La Fe-CIPF, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Anne Bigot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Ruben Artero
- Translational Genomics Group, University Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Jesús Vilchez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U763, CB06/05/0091, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
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4
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Younger DS. Childhood muscular dystrophies. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:461-496. [PMID: 37562882 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Infancy- and childhood-onset muscular dystrophies are associated with a characteristic distribution and progression of motor dysfunction. The underlying causes of progressive childhood muscular dystrophies are heterogeneous involving diverse genetic pathways and genes that encode proteins of the plasma membrane, extracellular matrix, sarcomere, and nuclear membrane components. The prototypical clinicopathological features in an affected child may be adequate to fully distinguish it from other likely diagnoses based on four common features: (1) weakness and wasting of pelvic-femoral and scapular muscles with involvement of heart muscle; (2) elevation of serum muscle enzymes in particular serum creatine kinase; (3) necrosis and regeneration of myofibers; and (4) molecular neurogenetic assessment particularly utilizing next-generation sequencing of the genome of the likeliest candidates genes in an index case or family proband. A number of different animal models of therapeutic strategies have been developed for gene transfer therapy, but so far these techniques have not yet entered clinical practice. Treatment remains for the most part symptomatic with the goal of ameliorating locomotor and cardiorespiratory manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Younger
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Neurology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, United States.
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5
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Choi JH, Jeong SY, Kim J, Woo JS, Lee EH. Tripartite motif-containing protein 32 regulates Ca 2+ movement in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1860-C1871. [PMID: 36374170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00426.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32), especially in NHL repeats, have been found in skeletal muscle in patients with type 2H limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD2H). However, the roles of the NHL repeats of TRIM32 in skeletal muscle functions have not been well addressed. In the present study, to examine the functional role(s) of the TRIM32 NHL repeats in skeletal muscle, TRIM32-binding proteins in skeletal muscle were first searched using a binding assay and MALDI-TOF/TOF. Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 1a (SERCA1a) was found to be a TRIM32-binding protein. Next, a deletion mutant of TRIM32 missing the NHL repeats (NHL-Del) was expressed in mouse primary skeletal myotubes during myoblast differentiation into myotubes. Ca2+ movement in the myotubes was examined using single-cell Ca2+ imaging. Unlike wild-type (WT) TRIM32, NHL-Del did not enhance the amount of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), Ca2+ release for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, or extracellular Ca2+ entry via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). In addition, even compared with the vector control, NHL-Del resulted in reduced SOCE due to reduced expression of extracellular Ca2+ entry channels. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of the myotubes revealed that NHL-Del induced the formation of abnormal vacuoles and tubular structures in the cytosol. Therefore, by binding to SERCA1a via its NHL repeats, TRIM32 may participate in the regulation of Ca2+ movement for skeletal muscle contraction and the formation of cellular vacuoles and tubular structures in skeletal muscle. Functional defects in TRIM32 due to mutations in NHL repeats may be pathogenic toward LGMD2H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hee Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Jeong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooho Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Woo
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eun Hui Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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6
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A Novel Homozygous Variant in DYSF Gene Is Associated with Autosomal Recessive Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R2/2B. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168932. [PMID: 36012197 PMCID: PMC9408934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the DYSF gene, encoding dysferlin, are responsible for Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy type R2/2B (LGMDR2/2B), Miyoshi myopathy (MM), and Distal Myopathy with Anterior Tibialis onset (MDAT). The size of the gene and the reported inter and intra familial phenotypic variability make early diagnosis difficult. Genetic analysis was conducted using Next Gene Sequencing (NGS), with a panel of 40 Muscular Dystrophies associated genes we designed. In the present study, we report a new missense variant c.5033G>A, p.Cys1678Tyr (NM_003494) in the exon 45 of DYSF gene related to Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy type R2/2B in a 57-year-old patient affected with LGMD from a consanguineous family of south Italy. Both healthy parents carried this variant in heterozygosity. Genetic analysis extended to two moderately affected sisters of the proband, showed the presence of the variant c.5033G>A in both in homozygosity. These data indicate a probable pathological role of the variant c.5033G>A never reported before in the onset of LGMDR2/2B, pointing at the NGS as powerful tool for identifying LGMD subtypes. Moreover, the collection and the networking of genetic data will increase power of genetic-molecular investigation, the management of at-risk individuals, the development of new therapeutic targets and a personalized medicine.
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7
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Skeletal Muscle Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Platform for Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061428. [PMID: 35740450 PMCID: PMC9220148 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD), caused by mutations in 29 different genes, are the fourth most prevalent group of genetic muscle diseases. Although the link between LGMD and its genetic origins has been determined, LGMD still represent an unmet medical need. Here, we describe a platform for modeling LGMD based on the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Thanks to the self-renewing and pluripotency properties of hiPSC, this platform provides a renewable and an alternative source of skeletal muscle cells (skMC) to primary, immortalized, or overexpressing cells. We report that skMC derived from hiPSC express the majority of the genes and proteins that cause LGMD. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the importance of this cellular model for studying LGMDR9 by evaluating disease-specific phenotypes in skMC derived from hiPSC obtained from four patients.
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8
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Khan K, Mehmood S, Liu C, Siddiqui M, Ahmad A, Faiz BY, Chioza BA, Baple EA, Ullah MI, Akram Z, Satti HS, Khan R, Harlalka GV, Jameel M, Akram T, Baig SM, Crosby AH, Hassan MJ, Zhang F, Davis EE, Khan TN. A recurrent rare intronic variant in CAPN3 alters mRNA splicing and causes autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-1 in three Pakistani pedigrees. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:498-508. [PMID: 34697879 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-1 (LGMDR1) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive weakness of the proximal limb and girdle muscles. Biallelic mutations in CAPN3 are reported frequently to cause LGMDR1. Here, we describe 11 individuals from three unrelated consanguineous families that present with typical features of LGMDR1 that include proximal muscle wasting, weakness of the upper and lower limbs, and elevated serum creatine kinase. Whole-exome sequencing identified a rare homozygous CAPN3 variant near the exon 2 splice donor site that segregates with disease in all three families. mRNA splicing studies showed partial retention of intronic sequence and subsequent introduction of a premature stop codon (NM_000070.3: c.379 + 3A>G; p.Asp128Glyfs*15). Furthermore, we observe reduced CAPN3 expression in primary dermal fibroblasts derived from an affected individual, suggesting instability and/or nonsense-mediated decay of mutation-bearing mRNA. Genome-wide homozygosity mapping and single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis identified a shared haplotype and supports a possible founder effect for the CAPN3 variant. Together, our data extend the mutational spectrum of LGMDR1 and have implications for improved diagnostics for individuals of Pakistani origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Khan
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarmad Mehmood
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maimoona Siddiqui
- Division of Neurology, Shifa International Hospital, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Ahmad
- Division of Neurology, Shifa International Hospital, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Belqees Yawar Faiz
- Division of Neurology, Shifa International Hospital, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Barry A Chioza
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre - Level 4, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Emma A Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre - Level 4, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Muhammad I Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaineb Akram
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, AFBMTC, CMH Medical Complex, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Humayoon S Satti
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Raees Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Gaurav V Harlalka
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre - Level 4, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Department of Pharmacology, Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Malvihir, Buldana, Maharashtra, India
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Talia Akram
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid M Baig
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre - Level 4, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Muhammad J Hassan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Feng Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erica E Davis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tahir N Khan
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Bawa S, Piccirillo R, Geisbrecht ER. TRIM32: A Multifunctional Protein Involved in Muscle Homeostasis, Glucose Metabolism, and Tumorigenesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030408. [PMID: 33802079 PMCID: PMC7999776 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tripartite motif family of proteins 32 (TRIM32) is a ubiquitous multifunctional protein that has demonstrated roles in differentiation, muscle physiology and regeneration, and tumor suppression. Mutations in TRIM32 result in two clinically diverse diseases. A mutation in the B-box domain gives rise to Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS), a disease whose clinical presentation shares no muscle pathology, while mutations in the NHL (NCL-1, HT2A, LIN-41) repeats of TRIM32 causes limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H (LGMD2H). TRIM32 also functions as a tumor suppressor, but paradoxically is overexpressed in certain types of cancer. Recent evidence supports a role for TRIM32 in glycolytic-mediated cell growth, thus providing a possible mechanism for TRIM32 in the accumulation of cellular biomass during regeneration and tumorigenesis, including in vitro and in vivo approaches, to understand the broad spectrum of TRIM32 functions. A special emphasis is placed on the utility of the Drosophila model, a unique system to study glycolysis and anabolic pathways that contribute to the growth and homeostasis of both normal and tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjot Bawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Erika R. Geisbrecht
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(785)-532-3105
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10
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Bawa S, Gameros S, Baumann K, Brooks DS, Kollhoff JA, Zolkiewski M, Re Cecconi AD, Panini N, Russo M, Piccirillo R, Johnson DK, Kashipathy MM, Battaile KP, Lovell S, Bouyain SEA, Kawakami J, Geisbrecht ER. Costameric integrin and sarcoglycan protein levels are altered in a Drosophila model for Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 32:260-273. [PMID: 33296226 PMCID: PMC8098830 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-07-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in two different domains of the ubiquitously expressed TRIM32 protein give rise to two clinically separate diseases, one of which is Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H (LGMD2H). Uncovering the muscle-specific role of TRIM32 in LGMD2H pathogenesis has proven difficult, as neurogenic phenotypes, independent of LGMD2H pathology, are present in TRIM32 KO mice. We previously established a platform to study LGMD2H pathogenesis using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Here we show that LGMD2H disease-causing mutations in the NHL domain are molecularly and structurally conserved between fly and human TRIM32. Furthermore, transgenic expression of a subset of myopathic alleles (R394H, D487N, and 520fs) induce myofibril abnormalities, altered nuclear morphology, and reduced TRIM32 protein levels, mimicking phenotypes in patients afflicted with LGMD2H. Intriguingly, we also report for the first time that the protein levels of βPS integrin and sarcoglycan δ, both core components of costameres, are elevated in TRIM32 disease-causing alleles. Similarly, murine myoblasts overexpressing a catalytically inactive TRIM32 mutant aberrantly accumulate α- and β-dystroglycan and α-sarcoglycan. We speculate that the stoichiometric loss of costamere components disrupts costamere complexes to promote muscle degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjot Bawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Samantha Gameros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Kenny Baumann
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110
| | - David S Brooks
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Joseph A Kollhoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Michal Zolkiewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | | | - Nicolò Panini
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Russo
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | | | - David K Johnson
- Molecular Graphics and Modeling Laboratory, Computational Chemical Biology Core, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | | | | | - Scott Lovell
- Protein Structure Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Samuel E A Bouyain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110
| | - Jessica Kawakami
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110
| | - Erika R Geisbrecht
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110
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11
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Feng X, Wu J, Xian W, Liao B, Liao S, Yao X, Zhang W. Muscular involvement and tendon contracture in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2Y: a mild adult phenotype and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:588. [PMID: 32873274 PMCID: PMC7466787 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Y (LGMD2Y) is a rare subgroup of limb girdle muscular dystrophy featuring limb-girdle weakness, tendon contracture and cardiac involvement. It is caused by the mutation of TOR1AIP1, which encodes nuclear membrane protein LAP1 (lamina-associated polypeptide 1) and comprises heterogeneous phenotypes. The present study reported a patient with a novel homozygous TOR1AIP1 mutation that presented with selective muscle weakness, which further expanded the phenotype of LGMD2Y- and TOR1AIP1-associated nuclear envelopathies. Case presentation A 40-year-old male presented with Achilles tendon contracture and muscle weakness that bothered him from 8 years old. While the strength of his distal and proximal upper limbs was severely impaired, the function of his lower limbs was relatively spared. Muscle pathology showed dystrophic features, and electron microscopy showed ultrastructural abnormalities of disrupted muscle nuclei envelopes. Whole-exome sequencing showed a frameshift mutation in TOR1AIP1 (c.98dupC). Conclusion We reported a novel mild phenotype of LGMD2Y with relatively selective distal upper limb weakness and joint contracture and revealed the heterogeneity of LGDM2Y and the role of the LAP1 isoform by literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinlang Wu
- Laboratory of Electron Microscope, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenbiao Xian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bing Liao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Songjie Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoli Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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12
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Zhao M, Song K, Hao W, Wang L, Patil G, Li Q, Xu L, Hua F, Fu B, Schwamborn JC, Dorf ME, Li S. Non-proteolytic ubiquitination of OTULIN regulates NF-κB signaling pathway. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 12:163-175. [PMID: 31504727 PMCID: PMC7181720 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling regulates diverse processes such as cell death, inflammation, immunity, and cancer. The activity of NF-κB is controlled by methionine 1-linked linear polyubiquitin, which is assembled by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2L3. Recent studies found that the deubiquitinase OTULIN breaks the linear ubiquitin chain, thus inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Despite the essential role of OTULIN in NF-κB signaling has been established, the regulatory mechanism for OTULIN is not well elucidated. To discover the potential regulators of OTULIN, we analyzed the OTULIN protein complex by proteomics and revealed several OTULIN-binding proteins, including LUBAC and tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32). TRIM32 is known to activate NF-κB signaling, but the mechanism is not clear. Genetic complement experiments found that TRIM32 is upstream of OTULIN and TRIM32-mediated NF-κB activation is dependent on OTULIN. Mutagenesis of the E3 ligase domain showed that the E3 ligase activity is essential for TRIM32-mediated NF-κB activation. Further experiments found that TRIM32 conjugates polyubiquitin onto OTULIN and the polyubiquitin blocks the interaction between HOIP and OTULIN, thereby activating NF-κB signaling. Taken together, we report a novel regulatory mechanism by which TRIM32-mediated non-proteolytic ubiquitination of OTULIN impedes the access of OTULIN to the LUBAC and promotes NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Wenzhuo Hao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Girish Patil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Qingmei Li
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Fang Hua
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Bishi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Martin E Dorf
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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13
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Rajendram R, AlDhahri F, Mahmood N, Kharal M. The use of ivabradine in a patient with inappropriate sinus tachycardia and cardiomyopathy due to limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/1/e230647. [PMID: 31969397 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-230647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that commonly involve cardiac and skeletal muscle. Comprehensive guidelines for the management of cardiac failure and arrhythmias are available. However, the studies from which their recommendations are derived did not include any patients with muscular dystrophy. Some medications (eg, betablockers) may have significant side effects in this cohort. In some situations the use of agents with unique mechanisms of action such as ivabradine (a 'funny' channel inhibitor) may be more appropriate. Use of ivabradine has not previously been reported in limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). We describe the course of a patient with LGMD type 2I, cardiomyopathy and inappropriate sinus tachycardia treated with ivabradine. As advances in respiratory support have improved the outcomes of patients with muscular dystrophy; the prognostic significance of cardiac disease has increased. Ivabradine is tolerated and may reduce symptoms, morbidity and mortality in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Rajendram
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK .,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad AlDhahri
- Department of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Al Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia.,College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Mahmood
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Al Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubashar Kharal
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Al Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Rochitte CE, Liberato G, Silva MC. Comprehensive Assessment of Cardiac Involvement in Muscular Dystrophies by Cardiac MR Imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2020; 27:521-531. [PMID: 31279454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetically inherited diseases with irreversible and progressive muscle loss and is associated with cardiac involvement. Particularly in Duchenne and Becker dystrophies, cardiac disorders are the leading causes of mortality. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can detect even incipient myocardial fibrosis (late gadolinium enhancement), which has prognostic significance in patients with preserved left ventricular function by echocardiogram and before the onset of symptoms. Early detection of cardiac abnormalities by CMR enables early cardioprotective treatment, leading to a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Heart Institute (InCor), Clinical Hospital HCFMUSP, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil; Heart Hospital (HCOR), Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Liberato
- Heart Institute (InCor), Clinical Hospital HCFMUSP, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Marly Conceição Silva
- Axial Diagnostic Center, Belo Horizonte, Rua Níquel, 181 Apto 301, Serra - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30220-280, Brazil
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15
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Selvaraj S, Dhoke NR, Kiley J, Mateos-Aierdi AJ, Tungtur S, Mondragon-Gonzalez R, Killeen G, Oliveira VKP, López de Munain A, Perlingeiro RCR. Gene Correction of LGMD2A Patient-Specific iPSCs for the Development of Targeted Autologous Cell Therapy. Mol Ther 2019; 27:2147-2157. [PMID: 31501033 PMCID: PMC6904833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A), caused by mutations in the Calpain 3 (CAPN3) gene, is an incurable autosomal recessive disorder that results in muscle wasting and loss of ambulation. To test the feasibility of an autologous induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based therapy for LGMD2A, here we applied CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing to iPSCs from three LGMD2A patients to enable correction of mutations in the CAPN3 gene. Using a gene knockin approach, we genome edited iPSCs carrying three different CAPN3 mutations, and we demonstrated the rescue of CAPN3 protein in myotube derivatives in vitro. Transplantation of gene-corrected LGMD2A myogenic progenitors in a novel mouse model combining immunodeficiency and a lack of CAPN3 resulted in muscle engraftment and rescue of the CAPN3 mRNA. Thus, we provide here proof of concept for the integration of genome editing and iPSC technologies to develop a novel autologous cell therapy for LGMD2A.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calpain/physiology
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/methods
- Cells, Cultured
- Humans
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle/therapy
- Mutation
- Transplantation, Autologous
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Selvaraj
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Neha R Dhoke
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - James Kiley
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alba Judith Mateos-Aierdi
- Neurosciences Department, Biodonostia Research Institute-University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Institute Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sudheer Tungtur
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ricardo Mondragon-Gonzalez
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Grace Killeen
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Vanessa K P Oliveira
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neurosciences Department, Biodonostia Research Institute-University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Institute Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rita C R Perlingeiro
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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16
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Mercuri E, Bönnemann CG, Muntoni F. Muscular dystrophies. Lancet 2019; 394:2025-2038. [PMID: 31789220 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are primary diseases of muscle due to mutations in more than 40 genes, which result in dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. Now that most of the genes responsible for these conditions have been identified, it is possible to accurately diagnose them and implement subtype-specific anticipatory care, as complications such as cardiac and respiratory muscle involvement vary greatly. This development and advances in the field of supportive medicine have changed the standard of care, with an overall improvement in the clinical course, survival, and quality of life of affected individuals. The improved understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases is being used for the development of novel therapies. In the most common form, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a few personalised therapies have recently achieved conditional approval and many more are at advanced stages of clinical development. In this Seminar, we concentrate on clinical manifestations, molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic strategy, and therapeutic developments for this group of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Roma, Rome, Italy; Nemo Clinical Centre, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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17
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Henriques SF, Gicquel E, Marsolier J, Richard I. Functional and cellular localization diversity associated with Fukutin-related protein patient genetic variants. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:1874-1885. [PMID: 31268217 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variants in Fukutin-related protein (FKRP), an essential enzyme of the glycosylation pathway of α-dystroglycan, can lead to pathologies with different severities affecting the eye, brain, and muscle tissues. Here, we generate an in vitro cellular system to characterize the cellular localization as well as the functional potential of the most common FKRP patient missense mutations. We observe a differential retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the indication of misfolded proteins. We find data supporting that mutant protein able to overcome this ER-retention through overexpression present functional levels comparable to the wild-type. We also identify a specific region in FKRP protein localized between residues 300 and 321 in which genetic variants found in patients lead to correctly localized proteins but which are nevertheless functionally impaired or catalytically dead in our model, indicating that this particular region might be important for the enzymatic activity of FKRP within the Golgi. Our system thus allows the functional testing of patient-specific mutant proteins and the identification of candidate mutants to be further explored with the aim of finding pharmacological treatments targeting the protein quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F Henriques
- INTEGRARE Research Unit, UMR951, Genethon, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Evry, F-91002, France
| | - Evelyne Gicquel
- INTEGRARE Research Unit, UMR951, Genethon, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Evry, F-91002, France
| | - Justine Marsolier
- INTEGRARE Research Unit, UMR951, Genethon, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Evry, F-91002, France
| | - Isabelle Richard
- INTEGRARE Research Unit, UMR951, Genethon, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Evry, F-91002, France
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18
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Ziyaee F, Shorafa E, Dastsooz H, Habibzadeh P, Nemati H, Saeed A, Silawi M, Farazi Fard MA, Faghihi MA, Dastgheib SA. A novel mutation in SEPN1 causing rigid spine muscular dystrophy 1: a Case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:13. [PMID: 30642275 PMCID: PMC6332642 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Muscular dystrophies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. There is a wide variability in the age of onset, symptoms and rate of progression in subtypes of these disorders. Herein, we present the results of our study conducted to identify the pathogenic genetic variation involved in our patient affected by rigid spine muscular dystrophy. Case presentation A 14-year-old boy, product of a first-cousin marriage, was enrolled in our study with failure to thrive, fatigue, muscular dystrophy, generalized muscular atrophy, kyphoscoliosis, and flexion contracture of the knees and elbows. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out on the DNA of the patient to investigate all coding regions and uncovered a novel, homozygous missense mutation in SEPN1 gene (c. 1379 C > T, p.Ser460Phe). This mutation has not been reported before in different public variant databases and also our database (BayanGene), so it is classified as a variation of unknown significance (VUS). Subsequently, it was confirmed that the novel variation was homozygous in our patient and heterozygous in his parents. Different bioinformatics tools showed the damaging effects of the variant on protein. Multiple sequence alignment using BLASTP on ExPASy and WebLogo, revealed the conservation of the mutated residue. Conclusion We reported a novel homozygous mutation in SEPN1 gene that expands our understanding of rigid spine muscular dystrophy. Although bioinformatics analyses of results were in favor of the pathogenicity of the mutation, functional studies are needed to establish the pathogenicity of the variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ziyaee
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eslam Shorafa
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Dastsooz
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parham Habibzadeh
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Nemati
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Saeed
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Silawi
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Farazi Fard
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faghihi
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Dr. Faghihi's Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Genetic, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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19
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Taghizadeh E, Rezaee M, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Prevalence, pathological mechanisms, and genetic basis of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies: A review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7874-7884. [PMID: 30536378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a highly heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders that are associated with weakness and wasting of muscles in legs and arms. Signs and symptoms may begin at any age and usually worsen by time. LGMDs are autosomal disorders with different types and their prevalence is not the same in different areas. New technologies such as next-generation sequencing can accelerate their diagnosis. Several important pathological mechanisms that are involved in the pathology of the LGMD include abnormalities in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, the sarcomere, glycosylation of dystroglycan, vesicle and molecular trafficking, signal transduction pathways, and nuclear functions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review that integrates LGMD clinical manifestations, prevalence, and some pathological mechanisms involved in LGMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Taghizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculity of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Arrigoni F, De Luca A, Velardo D, Magri F, Gandossini S, Russo A, Froeling M, Bertoldo A, Leemans A, Bresolin N, D'angelo G. Multiparametric quantitative MRI assessment of thigh muscles in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A and 2B. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:550-558. [PMID: 30028523 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to apply quantitative MRI (qMRI) to assess structural modifications in thigh muscles of subjects with limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 2A and 2B with long disease duration. METHODS Eleven LGMD2A, 9 LGMD2B patients and 11 healthy controls underwent a multi-parametric 3T MRI examination of the thigh. The protocol included structural T1-weighted images, DIXON sequences for fat fraction calculation, T2 values quantification and diffusion MRI. Region of interest analysis was performed on 4 different compartments (anterior compartment, posterior compartment, gracilis, sartorius). RESULTS Patients showed high levels of fat infiltration as measured by DIXON sequences. Sartorius and anterior compartment were more infiltrated in LGMD2B than LGMD2A patients. T2 values were mildly reduced in both disorders. Correlations between clinical scores and qMRI were found. CONCLUSIONS qMRI measures may help to quantify muscular degeneration, but careful interpretation is needed when fat infiltration is massive. Muscle Nerve 58: 550-558, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Arrigoni
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Via don L. Monza 20, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Alberto De Luca
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht and University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Velardo
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Francesca Magri
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Gandossini
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Annamaria Russo
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Martijn Froeling
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | | | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht and University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazia D'angelo
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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21
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Savarese M, Sarparanta J, Vihola A, Udd B, Hackman P. Increasing Role of Titin Mutations in Neuromuscular Disorders. J Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 3:293-308. [PMID: 27854229 PMCID: PMC5123623 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-160158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The TTN gene with 363 coding exons encodes titin, a giant muscle protein spanning from the Z-disk to the M-band within the sarcomere. Mutations in the TTN gene have been associated with different genetic disorders, including hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy and several skeletal muscle diseases. Before the introduction of next generation sequencing (NGS) methods, the molecular analysis of TTN has been laborious, expensive and not widely used, resulting in a limited number of mutations identified. Recent studies however, based on the use of NGS strategies, give evidence of an increasing number of rare and unique TTN variants. The interpretation of these rare variants of uncertain significance (VOUS) represents a challenge for clinicians and researchers. The main aim of this review is to describe the wide spectrum of muscle diseases caused by TTN mutations so far determined, summarizing the molecular findings as well as the clinical data, and to highlight the importance of joint efforts to respond to the challenges arising from the use of NGS. An international collaboration through a clinical and research consortium and the development of a single accessible database listing variants in the TTN gene, identified by high throughput approaches, may be the key to a better assessment of titinopathies and to systematic genotype– phenotype correlation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine- Endocrinology and Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Mathis S, Tazir M, Magy L, Duval F, Le Masson G, Duchesne M, Couratier P, Ghorab K, Solé G, Lacoste I, Goizet C, Vallat JM. History and current difficulties in classifying inherited myopathies and muscular dystrophies. J Neurol Sci 2018; 384:50-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Magri F, Nigro V, Angelini C, Mongini T, Mora M, Moroni I, Toscano A, D'angelo MG, Tomelleri G, Siciliano G, Ricci G, Bruno C, Corti S, Musumeci O, Tasca G, Ricci E, Monforte M, Sciacco M, Fiorillo C, Gandossini S, Minetti C, Morandi L, Savarese M, Fruscio GD, Semplicini C, Pegoraro E, Govoni A, Brusa R, Del Bo R, Ronchi D, Moggio M, Bresolin N, Comi GP. The italian limb girdle muscular dystrophy registry: Relative frequency, clinical features, and differential diagnosis. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:55-68. [PMID: 27184587 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are characterized by high molecular heterogeneity, clinical overlap, and a paucity of specific biomarkers. Their molecular definition is fundamental for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. METHODS We created an Italian LGMD registry that included 370 molecularly defined patients. We reviewed detailed retrospective and prospective data and compared each LGMD subtype for differential diagnosis purposes. RESULTS LGMD types 2A and 2B are the most frequent forms in Italy. The ages at disease onset, clinical progression, and cardiac and respiratory involvement can vary greatly between each LGMD subtype. In a set of extensively studied patients, targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified mutations in 36.5% of cases. CONCLUSION Detailed clinical characterization combined with muscle tissue analysis is fundamental to guide differential diagnosis and to address molecular tests. NGS is useful for diagnosing forms without specific biomarkers, although, at least in our study cohort, several LGMD disease mechanisms remain to be identified. Muscle Nerve 55: 55-68, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magri
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of General Pathology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Mongini
- Department of Neurosciences Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Child Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Department of Clinically and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- Department of Clinically and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Ricci
- Department of Neurology, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Monforte
- Department of Neurology, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Sciacco
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Gandossini
- Neuromuscular Unit-IRCCS E. Medea Bosisio Parini, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Center of Myology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova
| | - Lucia Morandi
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Savarese
- Department of General Pathology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Fruscio
- Department of General Pathology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Govoni
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Brusa
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
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24
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Monies D, Alhindi HN, Almuhaizea MA, Abouelhoda M, Alazami AM, Goljan E, Alyounes B, Jaroudi D, AlIssa A, Alabdulrahman K, Subhani S, El-Kalioby M, Faquih T, Wakil SM, Altassan NA, Meyer BF, Bohlega S. A first-line diagnostic assay for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and other myopathies. Hum Genomics 2016; 10:32. [PMID: 27671536 PMCID: PMC5037890 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-016-0089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fifty random genetically unstudied families (limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD)/myopathy) were screened with a gene panel incorporating 759 OMIM genes associated with neurological disorders. Average coverage of the CDS and 10 bp flanking regions of genes was 99 %. All families were referred to the Neurosciences Clinic of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Saudi Arabia. Patients presented with muscle weakness affecting the pelvic and shoulder girdle. Muscle biopsy in all cases showed dystrophic or myopathic changes. Our main objective was to evaluate a neurological gene panel as a first-line diagnostic test for LGMD/myopathies. Results Our panel identified the mutation in 76 % of families (38/50; 11 novel). Thirty-four families had mutations in LGMD-related genes with four others having variants not typically associated with LGMD. The majority of cases had recessive inheritance with homoallelic pathogenic variants (97.4 %, 37/38), as expected considering the high rate of consanguinity in the study population. In one case, we detected a heterozygous mutation in DNAJB responsible for LGMD-1E. Our cohort included seven different subtypes of LGMD2. Mutations of DYSF were the most commonly identified cause of disease followed by that in CAPN3 and FKRP. Non-LGMD myopathies were due to mutations in genes associated with congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG2), rigid spine muscular dystrophy 1 (SEPN1), inclusion body myopathy2/Nonaka myopathy (GNE), and neuropathy (WNK1). Whole exome sequencing (WES) of patients who remained undiagnosed with the neurological panel did not improve our diagnostic yield. Conclusions Our neurological panel achieved a high clinical sensitivity (76 %) and is an effective first-line laboratory test in patients with LGMD and other myopathies. This sensitive, cost-effective, and rapid assay significantly assists clinical practice especially in these phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. Moreover, the application of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) and Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) guidelines applied in the classification of variant pathogenecity provides a clear interpretation for physicians on the relevance of such findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40246-016-0089-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Monies
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hindi N Alhindi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Almuhaizea
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouelhoda
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Alazami
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ewa Goljan
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Banan Alyounes
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dyala Jaroudi
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah AlIssa
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alabdulrahman
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Subhani
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Kalioby
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Faquih
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma M Wakil
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A Altassan
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Bohlega
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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25
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WANG XUEYAN, YANG YUN, ZHOU RONG. Screening two mutations in the dysferlin gene by exon capture and sequence analysis: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:41-44. [PMID: 27347015 PMCID: PMC4906935 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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26
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Cárdenas AM, González-Jamett AM, Cea LA, Bevilacqua JA, Caviedes P. Dysferlin function in skeletal muscle: Possible pathological mechanisms and therapeutical targets in dysferlinopathies. Exp Neurol 2016; 283:246-54. [PMID: 27349407 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the dysferlin gene are linked to a group of muscular dystrophies known as dysferlinopathies. These myopathies are characterized by progressive atrophy. Studies in muscle tissue from dysferlinopathy patients or dysferlin-deficient mice point out its importance in membrane repair. However, expression of dysferlin homologous proteins that restore sarcolemma repair function in dysferlinopathy animal models fail to arrest muscle wasting, therefore suggesting that dysferlin plays other critical roles in muscle function. In the present review, we discuss dysferlin functions in the skeletal muscle, as well as pathological mechanisms related to dysferlin mutations. Particular focus is presented related the effect of dysferlin on cell membrane related function, which affect its repair, vesicle trafficking, as well as Ca(2+) homeostasis. Such mechanisms could provide accessible targets for pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Arlek M González-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Cea
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge A Bevilacqua
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Caviedes
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clinica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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27
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Yue Y, Binalsheikh IM, Leach SB, Domeier TL, Duan D. Prospect of gene therapy for cardiomyopathy in hereditary muscular dystrophy. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015; 4:169-183. [PMID: 27340611 DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2016.1124039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac involvement is a common feature in muscular dystrophies. It presents as heart failure and/or arrhythmia. Traditionally, dystrophic cardiomyopathy is treated with symptom-relieving medications. Identification of disease-causing genes and investigation on pathogenic mechanisms have opened new opportunities to treat dystrophic cardiomyopathy with gene therapy. Replacing/repairing the mutated gene and/or targeting the pathogenic process/mechanisms using alternative genes may attenuate heart disease in muscular dystrophies. AREAS COVERED Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common muscular dystrophy. Duchenne cardiomyopathy has been the primary focus of ongoing dystrophic cardiomyopathy gene therapy studies. Here, we use Duchenne cardiomyopathy gene therapy to showcase recent developments and to outline the path forward. We also discuss gene therapy status for cardiomyopathy associated with limb-girdle and congenital muscular dystrophies, and myotonic dystrophy. EXPERT OPINION Gene therapy for dystrophic cardiomyopathy has taken a slow but steady path forward. Preclinical studies over the last decades have addressed many fundamental questions. Adeno-associated virus-mediated gene therapy has significantly improved the outcomes in rodent models of Duchenne and limb girdle muscular dystrophies. Validation of these encouraging results in large animal models will pave the way to future human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Yue
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
| | | | - Stacey B Leach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri
| | - Timothy L Domeier
- Department of Medical Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
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28
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Fu B, Wang L, Ding H, Schwamborn JC, Li S, Dorf ME. TRIM32 Senses and Restricts Influenza A Virus by Ubiquitination of PB1 Polymerase. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004960. [PMID: 26057645 PMCID: PMC4461266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1) is the catalytic core of the influenza A virus (IAV) RNA polymerase complex essential for viral transcription and replication. Understanding the intrinsic mechanisms which block PB1 function could stimulate development of new anti-influenza therapeutics. Affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (AP-MS) was used to identify host factors interacting with PB1. Among PB1 interactors, the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 interacts with PB1 proteins derived from multiple IAV strains. TRIM32 senses IAV infection by interacting with PB1 and translocates with PB1 to the nucleus following influenza infection. Ectopic TRIM32 expression attenuates IAV infection. Conversely, RNAi depletion and knockout of TRIM32 increase susceptibility of tracheal and lung epithelial cells to IAV infection. Reconstitution of trim32-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts with TRIM32, but not a catalytically inactive mutant, restores viral restriction. Furthermore, TRIM32 directly ubiquitinates PB1, leading to PB1 protein degradation and subsequent reduction of polymerase activity. Thus, TRIM32 is an intrinsic IAV restriction factor which senses and targets the PB1 polymerase for ubiquitination and protein degradation. TRIM32 represents a model of intrinsic immunity, in which a host protein directly senses and counters viral infection in a species specific fashion by directly limiting viral replication. Influenza A virus presents a continued threat to global health with considerable economic and social impact. Vaccinations against influenza are not always effective, and many influenza strains have developed resistance to current antiviral drugs. Thus, it is imperative to find new strategies for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Influenza RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is a multifunctional protein essential for both transcription and replication of the viral genome. However, we have little understanding of the mechanisms regulating viral RNA polymerase activity or the innate cellular defenses against this critical viral enzyme. We describe how the E3 ubiquitin ligase, TRIM32, inhibits the activity of the influenza RNA polymerase and defends respiratory epithelial cells against infection with influenza A viruses. TRIM32 directly senses the PB1 subunit of the influenza virus RNA polymerase complex and targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby reducing viral polymerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishi Fu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jens C. Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SL); (MED)
| | - Martin E. Dorf
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SL); (MED)
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29
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van Zwieten RW, Puttini S, Lekka M, Witz G, Gicquel-Zouida E, Richard I, Lobrinus JA, Chevalley F, Brune H, Dietler G, Kulik A, Kuntzer T, Mermod N. Assessing dystrophies and other muscle diseases at the nanometer scale by atomic force microscopy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:393-406. [PMID: 24910872 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Atomic force microscopy nanoindentation of myofibers was used to assess and quantitatively diagnose muscular dystrophies from human patients. MATERIALS & METHODS Myofibers were probed from fresh or frozen muscle biopsies from human dystrophic patients and healthy volunteers, as well as mice models, and Young's modulus stiffness values were determined. RESULTS Fibers displaying abnormally low mechanical stability were detected in biopsies from patients affected by 11 distinct muscle diseases, and Young's modulus values were commensurate to the severity of the disease. Abnormal myofiber resistance was also observed from consulting patients whose muscle condition could not be detected or unambiguously diagnosed otherwise. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION This study provides a proof-of-concept that atomic force microscopy yields a quantitative read-out of human muscle function from clinical biopsies, and that it may thereby complement current muscular dystrophy diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthger W van Zwieten
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, Center for Biotechnology UNIL-EPFL & Institute of Biotechnology, University of Lausanne, Station 6, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Kayman-Kurekci G, Talim B, Korkusuz P, Sayar N, Sarioglu T, Oncel I, Sharafi P, Gundesli H, Balci-Hayta B, Purali N, Serdaroglu-Oflazer P, Topaloglu H, Dincer P. Mutation in TOR1AIP1 encoding LAP1B in a form of muscular dystrophy: a novel gene related to nuclear envelopathies. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24:624-33. [PMID: 24856141 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We performed genome-wide homozygosity mapping and mapped a novel myopathic phenotype to chromosomal region 1q25 in a consanguineous family with three affected individuals manifesting proximal and distal weakness and atrophy, rigid spine and contractures of the proximal and distal interphalangeal hand joints. Additionally, cardiomyopathy and respiratory involvement were noted. DNA sequencing of torsinA-interacting protein 1 (TOR1AIP1) gene encoding lamina-associated polypeptide 1B (LAP1B), showed a homozygous c.186delG mutation that causes a frameshift resulting in a premature stop codon (p.E62fsTer25). We observed that expression of LAP1B was absent in the patient skeletal muscle fibres. Ultrastructural examination showed intact sarcomeric organization but alterations of the nuclear envelope including nuclear fragmentation, chromatin bleb formation and naked chromatin. LAP1B is a type-2 integral membrane protein localized in the inner nuclear membrane that binds to both A- and B-type lamins, and is involved in the regulation of torsinA ATPase. Interestingly, luminal domain-like LAP1 (LULL1)-an endoplasmic reticulum-localized partner of torsinA-was overexpressed in the patient's muscle in the absence of LAP1B. Therefore, the findings suggest that LAP1 and LULL1 might have a compensatory effect on each other. This study expands the spectrum of genes associated with nuclear envelopathies and highlights the critical function for LAP1B in striated muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsum Kayman-Kurekci
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beril Talim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pathology Unit, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilufer Sayar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, Bilkent, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turkan Sarioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Capa, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Oncel
- Department of Pediatrics, Neurology Unit, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Parisa Sharafi
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hulya Gundesli
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balci-Hayta
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuhan Purali
- Department of Biophysics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Piraye Serdaroglu-Oflazer
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Capa, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haluk Topaloglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Neurology Unit, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Dincer
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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Touznik A, Lee JJA, Yokota T. New developments in exon skipping and splice modulation therapies for neuromuscular diseases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:809-19. [PMID: 24620745 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.896335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antisense oligonucleotide (AON) therapy is a form of treatment for genetic or infectious diseases using small, synthetic DNA-like molecules called AONs. Recent advances in the development of AONs that show improved stability and increased sequence specificity have led to clinical trials for several neuromuscular diseases. Impressive preclinical and clinical data are published regarding the usage of AONs in exon-skipping and splice modulation strategies to increase dystrophin production in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and survival of motor neuron (SMN) production in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). AREAS COVERED In this review, we focus on the current progress and challenges of exon-skipping and splice modulation therapies. In addition, we discuss the recent failure of the Phase III clinical trials of exon 51 skipping (drisapersen) for DMD. EXPERT OPINION The main approach of AON therapy in DMD and SMA is to rescue ('knock up' or increase) target proteins through exon skipping or exon inclusion; conversely, most conventional antisense drugs are designed to knock down (inhibit) the target. Encouraging preclinical data using this 'knock up' approach are also reported to rescue dysferlinopathies, including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, Miyoshi myopathy, distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset and Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Touznik
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Genetics , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
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Antisense therapy in neurology. J Pers Med 2013; 3:144-76. [PMID: 25562650 PMCID: PMC4251390 DOI: 10.3390/jpm3030144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense therapy is an approach to fighting diseases using short DNA-like molecules called antisense oligonucleotides. Recently, antisense therapy has emerged as an exciting and promising strategy for the treatment of various neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders. Previous and ongoing pre-clinical and clinical trials have provided encouraging early results. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), Huntington’s disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), dysferlinopathy (including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B; LGMD2B, Miyoshi myopathy; MM, and distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset; DMAT), and myotonic dystrophy (DM) are all reported to be promising targets for antisense therapy. This paper focuses on the current progress of antisense therapies in neurology.
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Cetin N, Balci-Hayta B, Gundesli H, Korkusuz P, Purali N, Talim B, Tan E, Selcen D, Erdem-Ozdamar S, Dincer P. A novel desmin mutation leading to autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: distinct histopathological outcomes compared with desminopathies. J Med Genet 2013; 50:437-43. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Martin PT, Camboni M, Xu R, Golden B, Chandrasekharan K, Wang CM, Varki A, Janssen PML. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid deficiency worsens cardiac and skeletal muscle pathophysiology in α-sarcoglycan-deficient mice. Glycobiology 2013; 23:833-43. [PMID: 23514716 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwt020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Roughly 3 million years ago, an inactivating deletion occurred in CMAH, the human gene encoding CMP-Neu5Ac (cytidine-5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid) hydroxylase (Chou HH, Takematsu H, Diaz S, Iber J, Nickerson E, Wright KL, Muchmore EA, Nelson DL, Warren ST, Varki A. 1998. A mutation in human CMP-sialic acid hydroxylase occurred after the Homo-Pan divergence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:11751-11756). This inactivating deletion is now homozygous in all humans, causing the loss of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) biosynthesis in all human cells and tissues. The CMAH enzyme is active in other mammals, including mice, where Neu5Gc is an abundant form of sialic acid on cellular membranes, including those in cardiac and skeletal muscle. We recently demonstrated that the deletion of mouse Cmah worsened the severity of pathophysiology measures related to muscular dystrophy in mdx mice, a model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Chandrasekharan K, Yoon JH, Xu Y, deVries S, Camboni M, Janssen PM, Varki A, Martin PT. 2010. A human-specific deletion in mouse Cmah increases disease severity in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Sci Transl Med. 2:42-54). Here, we demonstrate similar changes in cardiac and skeletal muscle pathology and physiology resulting from Cmah deletion in α-sarcoglycan-deficient (Sgca(-/-)) mice, a model for limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2D. These experiments demonstrate that loss of mouse Cmah can worsen disease severity in more than one form of muscular dystrophy and suggest that Cmah may be a general genetic modifier of muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Martin
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that share similar clinical features and dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. An improved understanding of their molecular bases has led to more accurate definitions of the clinical features associated with known subtypes. Knowledge of disease-specific complications, implementation of anticipatory care, and medical advances have changed the standard of care, with an overall improvement in the clinical course, survival, and quality of life of affected people. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the molecular pathogenesis of several disorders and the availability of preclinical models are leading to several new experimental approaches, some of which are already in clinical trials. In this Seminar, we provide a comprehensive review that integrates clinical manifestations, molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic strategy, and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Mercuri
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Blandin G, Marchand S, Charton K, Danièle N, Gicquel E, Boucheteil JB, Bentaib A, Barrault L, Stockholm D, Bartoli M, Richard I. A human skeletal muscle interactome centered on proteins involved in muscular dystrophies: LGMD interactome. Skelet Muscle 2013; 3:3. [PMID: 23414517 PMCID: PMC3610214 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The complexity of the skeletal muscle and the identification of numerous human disease-causing mutations in its constitutive proteins make it an interesting tissue for proteomic studies aimed at understanding functional relationships of interacting proteins in both health and diseases. Method We undertook a large-scale study using two-hybrid screens and a human skeletal-muscle cDNA library to establish a proteome-scale map of protein-protein interactions centered on proteins involved in limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD). LGMD is a group of more than 20 different neuromuscular disorders that principally affect the proximal pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles. Results and conclusion The interaction network we unraveled incorporates 1018 proteins connected by 1492 direct binary interactions and includes 1420 novel protein-protein interactions. Computational, experimental and literature-based analyses were performed to assess the overall quality of this network. Interestingly, LGMD proteins were shown to be highly interconnected, in particular indirectly through sarcomeric proteins. In-depth mining of the LGMD-centered interactome identified new candidate genes for orphan LGMDs and other neuromuscular disorders. The data also suggest the existence of functional links between LGMD2B/dysferlin and gene regulation, between LGMD2C/γ-sarcoglycan and energy control and between LGMD2G/telethonin and maintenance of genome integrity. This dataset represents a valuable resource for future functional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Blandin
- Généthon CNRS UMR8587, 1, rue de l'Internationale, Evry 91000, France.
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Cenacchi G, Peterle E, Fanin M, Papa V, Salaroli R, Angelini C. Ultrastructural changes in LGMD1F. Neuropathology 2012; 33:276-80. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cenacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; “Alma Mater” University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy
| | - Enrico Peterle
- Department of Neurosciences; University of Padova; Padova; Italy
| | - Marina Fanin
- Department of Neurosciences; University of Padova; Padova; Italy
| | - Valentina Papa
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; “Alma Mater” University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; “Alma Mater” University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy
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38
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Diagnostic strategy for limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2012; 168:919-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Yoon JH, Johnson E, Xu R, Martin LT, Martin PT, Montanaro F. Comparative proteomic profiling of dystroglycan-associated proteins in wild type, mdx, and Galgt2 transgenic mouse skeletal muscle. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:4413-24. [PMID: 22775139 DOI: 10.1021/pr300328r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dystroglycan is a major cell surface glycoprotein receptor for the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle. Defects in dystroglycan glycosylation cause muscular dystrophy and alterations in dystroglycan glycosylation can impact extracellular matrix binding. Here we describe an immunoprecipitation technique that allows isolation of beta dystroglycan with members of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) from detergent-solubilized skeletal muscle. Immunoprecipitation, coupled with shotgun proteomics, has allowed us to identify new dystroglycan-associated proteins and define changed associations that occur within the DAPC in dystrophic skeletal muscles. In addition, we describe changes that result from overexpression of Galgt2, a normally synaptic muscle glycosyltransferase that can modify alpha dystroglycan and inhibit the development of muscular dystrophy when it is overexpressed. These studies identify new dystroglycan-associated proteins that may participate in dystroglycan's roles, both positive and negative, in muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hae Yoon
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
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40
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41
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Schessl J, Kress W, Schoser B. Novel ANO5
mutations causing hyper-CK-emia, limb girdle muscular weakness and miyoshi type of muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2012; 45:740-2. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Promoter alteration causes transcriptional repression of the POMGNT1 gene in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2O. Eur J Hum Genet 2012; 20:945-52. [PMID: 22419172 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2012.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2O (LGMD2O) belongs to a group of rare muscular dystrophies named dystroglycanopathies, which are characterized molecularly by hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan (α-DG). Here, we describe the first dystroglycanopathy patient carrying an alteration in the promoter region of the POMGNT1 gene (protein O-mannose β-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1), which involves a homozygous 9-bp duplication (-83_-75dup). Analysis of the downstream effects of this mutation revealed a decrease in the expression of POMGNT1 mRNA and protein because of negative regulation of the POMGNT1 promoter by the transcription factor ZNF202 (zinc-finger protein 202). By functional analysis of various luciferase constructs, we localized a proximal POMGNT1 promoter and we found a 75% decrease in luciferase activity in the mutant construct when compared with the wild type. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed binding sites for the Sp1, Ets1 and GATA transcription factors. Surprisingly, the mutation generated an additional ZNF202 binding site and this transcriptional repressor bound strongly to the mutant promoter while failing to recognize the wild-type promoter. Although the genetic causes of dystroglycanopathies are highly variable, they account for only 50% of the cases described. Our results emphasize the importance of extending the mutational screening outside the gene-coding region in dystroglycanopathy patients of unknown aetiology, because mutations in noncoding regions may be the cause of disease. Our findings also underline the requirement to perform functional studies that may assist the interpretation of the pathogenic potential of promoter alterations.
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Dias C, Sincan M, Cherukuri PF, Rupps R, Huang Y, Briemberg H, Selby K, Mullikin JC, Markello TC, Adams DR, Gahl WA, Boerkoel CF. An analysis of exome sequencing for diagnostic testing of the genes associated with muscle disease and spastic paraplegia. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:614-26. [PMID: 22311686 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we assess exome sequencing (ES) as a diagnostic alternative for genetically heterogeneous disorders. Because ES readily identified a previously reported homozygous mutation in the CAPN3 gene for an individual with an undiagnosed limb girdle muscular dystrophy, we evaluated ES as a generalizable clinical diagnostic tool by assessing the targeting efficiency and sequencing coverage of 88 genes associated with muscle disease (MD) and spastic paraplegia (SPG). We used three exome-capture kits on 125 individuals. Exons constituting each gene were defined using the UCSC and CCDS databases. The three exome-capture kits targeted 47-92% of bases within the UCSC-defined exons and 97-99% of bases within the CCDS-defined exons. An average of 61.2-99.5% and 19.1-99.5% of targeted bases per gene were sequenced to 20X coverage within the CCDS-defined MD and SPG coding exons, respectively. Greater than 95-99% of targeted known mutation positions were sequenced to ≥1X coverage and 55-87% to ≥20X coverage in every exome. We conclude, therefore, that ES is a rapid and efficient first-tier method to screen for mutations, particularly within the CCDS annotated exons, although its application requires disclosure of the extent of coverage for each targeted gene and supplementation with second-tier Sanger sequencing for full coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dias
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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44
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Onofre-Oliveira PCG, Santos ALF, Martins PM, Ayub-Guerrieri D, Vainzof M. Differential expression of genes involved in the degeneration and regeneration pathways in mouse models for muscular dystrophies. Neuromolecular Med 2012; 14:74-83. [PMID: 22362587 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-012-8172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The genetically determined muscular dystrophies are caused by mutations in genes coding for muscle proteins. Differences in the phenotypes are mainly the age of onset and velocity of progression. Muscle weakness is the consequence of myofiber degeneration due to an imbalance between successive cycles of degeneration/regeneration. While muscle fibers are lost, a replacement of the degraded muscle fibers by adipose and connective tissues occurs. Major investigation points are to elicit the involved pathophysiological mechanisms to elucidate how each mutation can lead to a specific degenerative process and how the regeneration is stimulated in each case. To answer these questions, we used four mouse models with different mutations causing muscular dystrophies, Dmd (mdx), SJL/J, Large (myd) and Lama2 (dy2J) /J, and compared the histological changes of regeneration and fibrosis to the expression of genes involved in those processes. For regeneration, the MyoD, Myf5 and myogenin genes related to the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells were studied, while for degeneration, the TGF-β1 and Pro-collagen 1α2 genes, involved in the fibrotic cascade, were analyzed. The result suggests that TGF-β1 gene is activated in the dystrophic process in all the stages of degeneration, while the activation of the expression of the pro-collagen gene possibly occurs in mildest stages of this process. We also observed that each pathophysiological mechanism acted differently in the activation of regeneration, with distinctions in the induction of proliferation of satellite cells, but with no alterations in stimulation to differentiation. Dysfunction of satellite cells can, therefore, be an important additional mechanism of pathogenesis in the dystrophic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C G Onofre-Oliveira
- Human Research Genome Center, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, travessa 13, no. 106, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil
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Nicklas S, Otto A, Wu X, Miller P, Stelzer S, Wen Y, Kuang S, Wrogemann K, Patel K, Ding H, Schwamborn JC. TRIM32 regulates skeletal muscle stem cell differentiation and is necessary for normal adult muscle regeneration. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30445. [PMID: 22299041 PMCID: PMC3267731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2H (LGMD2H) is an inherited autosomal recessive disease of skeletal muscle caused by a mutation in the TRIM32 gene. Currently its pathogenesis is entirely unclear. Typically the regeneration process of adult skeletal muscle during growth or following injury is controlled by a tissue specific stem cell population termed satellite cells. Given that TRIM32 regulates the fate of mammalian neural progenitor cells through controlling their differentiation, we asked whether TRIM32 could also be essential for the regulation of myogenic stem cells. Here we demonstrate for the first time that TRIM32 is expressed in the skeletal muscle stem cell lineage of adult mice, and that in the absence of TRIM32, myogenic differentiation is disrupted. Moreover, we show that the ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 controls this process through the regulation of c-Myc, a similar mechanism to that previously observed in neural progenitors. Importantly we show that loss of TRIM32 function induces a LGMD2H-like phenotype and strongly affects muscle regeneration in vivo. Our studies implicate that the loss of TRIM32 results in dysfunctional muscle stem cells which could contribute to the development of LGMD2H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nicklas
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung, Institute of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Group, Münster, Germany
| | - Anthony Otto
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pamela Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sandra Stelzer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung, Institute of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Group, Münster, Germany
| | - Yefei Wen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Klaus Wrogemann
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail: (HD); (JS)
| | - Jens C. Schwamborn
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung, Institute of Cell Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Group, Münster, Germany
- * E-mail: (HD); (JS)
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D'Angelo MG, Gandossini S, Martinelli Boneschi F, Sciorati C, Bonato S, Brighina E, Comi GP, Turconi AC, Magri F, Stefanoni G, Brunelli S, Bresolin N, Cattaneo D, Clementi E. Nitric oxide donor and non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs as a therapy for muscular dystrophies: evidence from a safety study with pilot efficacy measures in adult dystrophic patients. Pharmacol Res 2012; 65:472-9. [PMID: 22306844 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This open-label, single centre pilot study was designed to evaluate safety and tolerability of the combination of the drugs isosorbide dinitrate, a nitric oxide donor, and ibuprofen, a non steroid anti-inflammatory drug, in a cohort of adult dystrophic patients (Duchenne, Becker and Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy). Seventy-one patients were recruited: 35, treated with the drug combination for 12 months, and 36 untreated. Safety and adverse events were assessed by reported signs and symptoms, physical examinations, blood tests, cardiac and respiratory function tests. Exploratory outcomes measure, such as the motor function measure scale, were also applied. Good safety and tolerability profiles of the long-term co-administration of the drugs were demonstrated. Few and transient side effects (i.e. headache and low blood pressure) were reported. Additionally, exploratory outcomes measures were feasible in all the disease population studied and evidenced a trend towards amelioration that reached statistical significance in one dimension of the MFM scale. Systemic administration of ibuprofen and isosorbide dinitrate provides an adequate safety margin for clinical studies aimed at assessing efficacy.
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Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jacobi F, Allgulander C, Alonso J, Beghi E, Dodel R, Ekman M, Faravelli C, Fratiglioni L, Gannon B, Jones DH, Jennum P, Jordanova A, Jönsson L, Karampampa K, Knapp M, Kobelt G, Kurth T, Lieb R, Linde M, Ljungcrantz C, Maercker A, Melin B, Moscarelli M, Musayev A, Norwood F, Preisig M, Pugliatti M, Rehm J, Salvador-Carulla L, Schlehofer B, Simon R, Steinhausen HC, Stovner LJ, Vallat JM, Van den Bergh P, van Os J, Vos P, Xu W, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B, Olesen J. Cost of disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2011; 21:718-79. [PMID: 21924589 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 988] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spectrum of disorders of the brain is large, covering hundreds of disorders that are listed in either the mental or neurological disorder chapters of the established international diagnostic classification systems. These disorders have a high prevalence as well as short- and long-term impairments and disabilities. Therefore they are an emotional, financial and social burden to the patients, their families and their social network. In a 2005 landmark study, we estimated for the first time the annual cost of 12 major groups of disorders of the brain in Europe and gave a conservative estimate of €386 billion for the year 2004. This estimate was limited in scope and conservative due to the lack of sufficiently comprehensive epidemiological and/or economic data on several important diagnostic groups. We are now in a position to substantially improve and revise the 2004 estimates. In the present report we cover 19 major groups of disorders, 7 more than previously, of an increased range of age groups and more cost items. We therefore present much improved cost estimates. Our revised estimates also now include the new EU member states, and hence a population of 514 million people. AIMS To estimate the number of persons with defined disorders of the brain in Europe in 2010, the total cost per person related to each disease in terms of direct and indirect costs, and an estimate of the total cost per disorder and country. METHODS The best available estimates of the prevalence and cost per person for 19 groups of disorders of the brain (covering well over 100 specific disorders) were identified via a systematic review of the published literature. Together with the twelve disorders included in 2004, the following range of mental and neurologic groups of disorders is covered: addictive disorders, affective disorders, anxiety disorders, brain tumor, childhood and adolescent disorders (developmental disorders), dementia, eating disorders, epilepsy, mental retardation, migraine, multiple sclerosis, neuromuscular disorders, Parkinson's disease, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, sleep disorders, somatoform disorders, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Epidemiologic panels were charged to complete the literature review for each disorder in order to estimate the 12-month prevalence, and health economic panels were charged to estimate best cost-estimates. A cost model was developed to combine the epidemiologic and economic data and estimate the total cost of each disorder in each of 30 European countries (EU27+Iceland, Norway and Switzerland). The cost model was populated with national statistics from Eurostat to adjust all costs to 2010 values, converting all local currencies to Euro, imputing costs for countries where no data were available, and aggregating country estimates to purchasing power parity adjusted estimates for the total cost of disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. RESULTS The total cost of disorders of the brain was estimated at €798 billion in 2010. Direct costs constitute the majority of costs (37% direct healthcare costs and 23% direct non-medical costs) whereas the remaining 40% were indirect costs associated with patients' production losses. On average, the estimated cost per person with a disorder of the brain in Europe ranged between €285 for headache and €30,000 for neuromuscular disorders. The European per capita cost of disorders of the brain was €1550 on average but varied by country. The cost (in billion €PPP 2010) of the disorders of the brain included in this study was as follows: addiction: €65.7; anxiety disorders: €74.4; brain tumor: €5.2; child/adolescent disorders: €21.3; dementia: €105.2; eating disorders: €0.8; epilepsy: €13.8; headache: €43.5; mental retardation: €43.3; mood disorders: €113.4; multiple sclerosis: €14.6; neuromuscular disorders: €7.7; Parkinson's disease: €13.9; personality disorders: €27.3; psychotic disorders: €93.9; sleep disorders: €35.4; somatoform disorder: €21.2; stroke: €64.1; traumatic brain injury: €33.0. It should be noted that the revised estimate of those disorders included in the previous 2004 report constituted €477 billion, by and large confirming our previous study results after considering the inflation and population increase since 2004. Further, our results were consistent with administrative data on the health care expenditure in Europe, and comparable to previous studies on the cost of specific disorders in Europe. Our estimates were lower than comparable estimates from the US. DISCUSSION This study was based on the best currently available data in Europe and our model enabled extrapolation to countries where no data could be found. Still, the scarcity of data is an important source of uncertainty in our estimates and may imply over- or underestimations in some disorders and countries. Even though this review included many disorders, diagnoses, age groups and cost items that were omitted in 2004, there are still remaining disorders that could not be included due to limitations in the available data. We therefore consider our estimate of the total cost of the disorders of the brain in Europe to be conservative. In terms of the health economic burden outlined in this report, disorders of the brain likely constitute the number one economic challenge for European health care, now and in the future. Data presented in this report should be considered by all stakeholder groups, including policy makers, industry and patient advocacy groups, to reconsider the current science, research and public health agenda and define a coordinated plan of action of various levels to address the associated challenges. RECOMMENDATIONS Political action is required in light of the present high cost of disorders of the brain. Funding of brain research must be increased; care for patients with brain disorders as well as teaching at medical schools and other health related educations must be quantitatively and qualitatively improved, including psychological treatments. The current move of the pharmaceutical industry away from brain related indications must be halted and reversed. Continued research into the cost of the many disorders not included in the present study is warranted. It is essential that not only the EU but also the national governments forcefully support these initiatives.
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Gavassini BF, Carboni N, Nielsen JE, Danielsen ER, Thomsen C, Svenstrup K, Bello L, Maioli MA, Marrosu G, Ticca AF, Mura M, Marrosu MG, Soraru G, Angelini C, Vissing J, Pegoraro E. Clinical and molecular characterization of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to LAMA2 mutations. Muscle Nerve 2011; 44:703-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.22132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rosales XQ, Moser SJ, Tran T, McCarthy B, Dunn N, Habib P, Simonetti OP, Mendell JR, Raman SV. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance of cardiomyopathy in limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B and 2I. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011; 13:39. [PMID: 21816046 PMCID: PMC3170213 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-13-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) are inclusive of 7 autosomal dominant and 14 autosomal recessive disorders featuring progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Studies of cardiac function have not yet been well-defined in deficiencies of dysferlin (LGMD2B) and fukutin related protein (LGMD2I). In this study of patients with these two forms of limb girdle muscular dystrophy, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) was used to more specifically define markers of cardiomyopathy including systolic dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction. METHODS Consecutive patients with genetically-proven LGMD types 2I (n = 7) and 2B (n = 9) and 8 control subjects were enrolled. All subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) on a standard 1.5 Tesla clinical scanner with cine imaging for left ventricular (LV) volume and ejection fraction (EF) measurement, vector velocity analysis of cine data to calculate myocardial strain, and late post-gadolinium enhancement imaging (LGE) to assess for myocardial fibrosis. RESULTS Sixteen LGMD patients (7 LGMD2I, 9 LGMD2B), and 8 control subjects completed CMR. All but one patient had normal LV size and systolic function; one (type 2I) had severe dilated cardiomyopathy. Of 15 LGMD patients with normal systolic function, LGE imaging revealed focal myocardial fibrosis in 7 (47%). Peak systolic circumferential strain rates were similar in patients vs. controls: εendo was -23.8 ± 8.5vs. -23.9 ± 4.2%, εepi was -11.5 ± 1.7% vs. -10.1 ± 4.2% (p = NS for all). Five of 7 LGE-positive patients had grade I diastolic dysfunction [2I (n = 2), 2B (n = 3)]. that was not present in any LGE-negative patients or controls. CONCLUSIONS LGMD2I and LGMD2B generally result in mild structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, though severe dilated cardiomyopathy may occur. Long-term studies are warranted to evaluate the prognostic significance of subclinical fibrosis detected by CMR in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiomara Q Rosales
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
- The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sean J Moser
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Tam Tran
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Beth McCarthy
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas Dunn
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Philip Habib
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Orlando P Simonetti
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Jerry R Mendell
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
- The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Subha V Raman
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Deschauer M, Joshi P, Gläser D, Hanisch F, Stoltenburg G, Zierz S. Muskeldystrophie infolge Anoctamin-5-Mutationen. DER NERVENARZT 2011; 82:1596-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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