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Luo JS, Zhai WH, Ding LL, Zhang XJ, Han J, Ning JQ, Chen XM, Jiang WC, Yan RY, Chen MJ. MAMs and Mitochondrial Quality Control: Overview and Their Role in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04205-w. [PMID: 39002091 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most widespread neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by a gradual onset and slow progression, presenting a substantial challenge to global public health. The mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAMs) functions as a crucial center for signal transduction and material transport between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, playing a pivotal role in various pathological mechanisms of AD. The dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control systems is considered a fundamental factor in the development of AD, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent neurodegenerative events. Recent studies have emphasized the role of MAMs in regulating mitochondrial quality control. This review will delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying the imbalance in mitochondrial quality control in AD and provide a comprehensive overview of the role of MAMs in regulating mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Sheng Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Wen-Hu Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ling-Ling Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Xian-Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Jia-Qi Ning
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xue-Meng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Wen-Cai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ru-Yu Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Meng-Jie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
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Cao Z, Kong F, Ding J, Chen C, He F, Deng W. Promoting Alzheimer's disease research and therapy with stem cell technology. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:136. [PMID: 38715083 PMCID: PMC11077895 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03737-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent form of dementia leading to memory loss, reduced cognitive and linguistic abilities, and decreased self-care. Current AD treatments aim to relieve symptoms and slow disease progression, but a cure is elusive due to limited understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms. MAIN CONTENT Stem cell technology has the potential to revolutionize AD research. With the ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types, stem cells are valuable tools for disease modeling, drug screening, and cell therapy. Recent advances have broadened our understanding beyond the deposition of amyloidβ (Aβ) or tau proteins in AD to encompass risk genes, immune system disorders, and neuron-glia mis-communication, relying heavily on stem cell-derived disease models. These stem cell-based models (e.g., organoids and microfluidic chips) simulate in vivo pathological processes with extraordinary spatial and temporal resolution. Stem cell technologies have the potential to alleviate AD pathology through various pathways, including immunomodulation, replacement of damaged neurons, and neurotrophic support. In recent years, transplantation of glial cells like oligodendrocytes and the infusion of exosomes have become hot research topics. CONCLUSION Although stem cell-based models and therapies for AD face several challenges, such as extended culture time and low differentiation efficiency, they still show considerable potential for AD treatment and are likely to become preferred tools for AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Fanshu Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Fumei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Trojan E, Curzytek K, Cieślik P, Wierońska JM, Graff J, Lasoń W, Saito T, Saido TC, Basta-Kaim A. Prenatal stress aggravates age-dependent cognitive decline, insulin signaling dysfunction, and the pro-inflammatory response in the APP NL-F/NL-F mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106219. [PMID: 37422091 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that early adverse life experiences may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prenatal stress (PS) can affect brain maturation and neuroimmune and metabolic interactions, leading to age-dependent cognitive deficits in offspring. However, a multi-faceted cause-and-effect impact of PS on the development of cognitive deficits in the process of physiological ageing and in the APPNL-F/NL-F mouse model of Alzheimer's disease has not yet been evaluated. We have identified age-dependent cognitive learning and memory deficits using male C57BL/6 J (wild type, WT) and the knock-in APPNL-F/NL-F (KI) aged 12, 15, and 18 months. An increase in the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and mouse ApoE levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex preceded the onset of cognitive deficits in the KI mice. Moreover, dysfunction in insulin signaling, including increased IRS-1 serine phosphorylation in both brain areas and the tyrosine phosphorylation deficit in the frontal cortex, suggested age-dependent insulin/IGF-1 resistance. Resistance was reflected by disturbances in mTOR or ERK1/2 kinase phosphorylation and excessive pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-23) status in the KI mice. Importantly, our study has provided insights into the higher vulnerability to PS-induced exacerbation of age-dependent cognitive deficits and biochemical dysfunction in KI mice than in WT animals. We anticipate our study will lead to future investigation of a multi-faceted cause-and-effect relationship between stress during neurodevelopment and the onset of AD pathology, distinguishing it from changes in the course of dementia during normal ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Trojan
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Curzytek
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Cieślik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna M Wierońska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Johannes Graff
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Władysław Lasoń
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory of Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Agnieszka Basta-Kaim
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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Han Y, Liu D, Cheng Y, Ji Q, Liu M, Zhang B, Zhou S. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis for Alzheimer's disease: Strategies and challenges. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102734. [PMID: 37159984 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and its early onset is closely related to mitochondrial energy metabolism. The brain is only 2% of body weight, but consumes 20% of total energy needs. Mitochondria are responsible for providing energy in cells, and maintaining their homeostasis ensures an adequate supply of energy to the brain. Mitochondrial homeostasis is constituted by mitochondrial quantity and quality control, which is dynamically regulated by mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial quality control. Impaired energy metabolism of brain cells occurs early in AD, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising therapeutic target in the future. We summarized the mechanism of mitochondrial homeostasis in AD, its influence on the pathogenesis of early AD, strategies for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and mitochondrial targeting strategies. This review concludes with the authors' opinions on future research and development for mitochondrial homeostasis of early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daozhou Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qifeng Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bangle Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Wang P, Li C. Fluorescence microscopic platforms imaging mitochondrial abnormalities in neurodegenerative diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114841. [PMID: 37088402 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are progressive disorders that cause the degeneration of neurons. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common symptom in NDs and plays a crucial role in neuronal loss. Mitochondrial abnormalities can be observed in the early stages of NDs and evolve throughout disease progression. Visualizing mitochondrial abnormalities can help understand ND progression and develop new therapeutic strategies. Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for dynamically imaging mitochondria due to its high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution. This review discusses the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and ND progression, potential biomarkers for imaging dysfunctional mitochondria, advances in fluorescence microscopy for detecting organelles, the performance of fluorescence probes in visualizing ND-associated mitochondria, and the challenges and opportunities for developing new generations of fluorescence imaging platforms for monitoring mitochondria in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University Shanghai 201203, China.
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Kulkarni PG, Mohire VM, Bhaisa PK, Joshi MM, Puranik CM, Waghmare PP, Banerjee T. Mitofusin-2: Functional switch between mitochondrial function and neurodegeneration. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:116-129. [PMID: 36764501 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles known to play role in the regulation of several cellular biological processes. However, their dynamics such as number, shape, and biological functions are regulated by mitochondrial fusion and fission process. The balance between the fusion and fission process is most important for the maintenance of mitochondrial structure as well as cellular functions. The alterations within mitochondrial dynamic processes were found to be associated with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), a GTPase has emerged as a multifunctional protein which not only is found to regulate the mitochondrial fusion-fission process but also known to regulate several cellular functions such as mitochondrial metabolism, cellular biogenesis, signalling, and apoptosis via maintaining the ER-mitochondria contact sites. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the structural and functional properties of the Mfn2, its transcriptional regulation and their roles in several cellular functions with a focus on current advances in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash G Kulkarni
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Vaibhavi M Mohire
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India
| | - Pooja K Bhaisa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India
| | - Mrudula M Joshi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India
| | - Chitranshi M Puranik
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India
| | - Pranjal P Waghmare
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India
| | - Tanushree Banerjee
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Survey No 87/88, Mumbai Bangalore Express Highway, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, India; Infosys Ltd., SEZ unit VI, Plot No. 1, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi Phase I, Pune, Maharashtra 411057, India.
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Xie W, Guo D, Li J, Yue L, Kang Q, Chen G, Zhou T, Wang H, Zhuang K, Leng L, Li H, Chen Z, Gao W, Zhang J. CEND1 deficiency induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2417-2428. [PMID: 35732922 PMCID: PMC9751129 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease featured with memory loss and cognitive function impairments. Chronic mitochondrial stress is a vital pathogenic factor for AD and finally leads to massive neuronal death. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. By proteomic analysis, we identified a new mitochondrial protein, cell-cycle exit and neuronal differentiation 1 (CEND1), which was decreased significantly in the brain of 5xFAD mice. CEND1 is a neuronal specific protein and locates in the presynaptic mitochondria. Depletion of CEND1 leads to increased mitochondrial fission mediated by upregulation of dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), resulting in abnormal mitochondrial functions. CEND1 deficiency leads to cognitive impairments in mice. Overexpression of CEND1 in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice rescued cognitive deficits. Moreover, we identified that CDK5/p25 interacted with and phosphorylated CEND1 which promoted its degradation. Our study provides new mechanistic insights in mitochondrial function regulations by CEND1 in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jieyin Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Lei Yue
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China
| | - Qi Kang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Guimiao Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Tingwen Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Lige Leng
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Zhenyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
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Cao X, Chen Y, Sang X, Xu S, Xie Z, Zhu Z, Wang P, Bi J, Xu L. Impact prediction of translocation of the mitochondrial outer membrane 70 as biomarker in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1013943. [PMID: 36408108 PMCID: PMC9667059 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1013943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex controls the input of mitochondrial precursor proteins to maintain mitochondrial function under pathophysiological conditions. However, its role in AD development remains unclear. TOM70 is an important translocase present in the TOM complex. In the current study, we found that TOM70 levels were reduced in the peripheral blood and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice. In addition, we examined the whole-blood mRNA levels of TOM70 in patients with AD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and post-stroke dementia (PSD). Our study revealed that the mRNA level of TOM70 was decreased in the blood samples of patients with AD, which was also correlated with the progression of clinical stages. Therefore, we proposed that the expression of TOM70 could be a promising biomarker for AD diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.
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Li RL, Wang LY, Duan HX, Zhang Q, Guo X, Wu C, Peng W. Regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction induced cell apoptosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for herbal medicine to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937289. [PMID: 36210852 PMCID: PMC9535092 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is a progressive neurodegeneration caused by genetic and environmental factors. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD) are the three most common neurodegenerative diseases clinically. Unfortunately, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing year by year. However, the current available drugs have poor efficacy and large side effects, which brings a great burden to the patients and the society. Increasing evidence suggests that occurrence and development of the neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to the mitochondrial dysfunction, which can affect mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, as well as mitochondrial mitophagy. Through the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis, nerve cells undergo varying degrees of apoptosis. Interestingly, it has been shown in recent years that the natural agents derived from herbal medicines are beneficial for prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases via regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the potential therapeutic agents from herbal medicines for treating neurodegenerative diseases via suppressing apoptosis through regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction, in order to provide a foundation for the development of more candidate drugs for neurodegenerative diseases from herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Xinyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
| | - Chunjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohui Guo, ; Chunjie Wu, ; Wei Peng,
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de la Cueva M, Antequera D, Ordoñez-Gutierrez L, Wandosell F, Camins A, Carro E, Bartolome F. Amyloid-β impairs mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy in Alzheimer's disease experimental models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10092. [PMID: 35710783 PMCID: PMC9203760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The most accepted hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the amyloid cascade which establishes that Aβ accumulation may induce the disease development. This accumulation may occur years before the clinical symptoms but it has not been elucidated if this accumulation is the cause or the consequence of AD. It is however, clear that Aβ accumulation exerts toxic effects in the cerebral cells. It is important then to investigate all possible associated events that may help to design new therapeutic strategies to defeat or ameliorate the symptoms in AD. Alterations in the mitochondrial physiology have been found in AD but it is not still clear if they could be an early event in the disease progression associated to amyloidosis or other conditions. Using APP/PS1 mice, our results support published evidence and show imbalances in the mitochondrial dynamics in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of these mice representing very early events in the disease progression. We demonstrate in cellular models that these imbalances are consequence of Aβ accumulation that ultimately induce increased mitophagy, a mechanism which selectively removes damaged mitochondria by autophagy. Along with increased mitophagy, we also found that Aβ independently increases autophagy in APP/PS1 mice. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction could be an early feature in AD, associated with amyloid overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena de la Cueva
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Desiree Antequera
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Ordoñez-Gutierrez
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camins
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Bartolome
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.
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Chen H, Chen F, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Hu G, Sun F, Zhang M, Ji Y, Chen Y, Che G, Zhou X, Zhang Y. A Review of ApoE4 Interference Targeting Mitophagy Molecular Pathways for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:881239. [PMID: 35669462 PMCID: PMC9166238 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.881239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major worldwide causes of dementia that is characterized by irreversible decline in learning, memory loss, and behavioral impairments. Mitophagy is selective autophagy through the clearance of aberrant mitochondria, specifically for degradation to maintain energy generation and neuronal and synaptic function in the brain. Accumulating evidence shows that defective mitophagy is believed to be as one of the early and prominent features in AD pathogenesis and has drawn attention in the recent few years. APOE ε4 allele is the greatest genetic determinant for AD and is widely reported to mediate detrimental effects on mitochondria function and mitophagic process. Given the continuity of the physiological process, this review takes the mitochondrial dynamic and mitophagic core events into consideration, which highlights the current knowledge about the molecular alterations from an APOE-genotype perspective, synthesizes ApoE4-associated regulations, and the cross-talk between these signaling, along with the focuses on general autophagic process and several pivotal processes of mitophagy, including mitochondrial dynamic (DRP1, MFN-1), mitophagic induction (PINK1, Parkin). These may shed new light on the link between ApoE4 and AD and provide novel insights for promising mitophagy-targeted therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Chen
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Yuebei People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Yuebei People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guizhen Hu
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Yuebei People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Furong Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Miaoping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yao Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Gang Che
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Yuebei People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejian University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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12
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Recent trends of natural based therapeutics for mitochondria targeting in Alzheimer’s disease. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:112-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Treadmill Exercise Promotes Microglial β-Amyloid Clearance and Prevents Cognitive Decline in APP/PS1 Mice. Neuroscience 2022; 491:122-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Mishra E, Thakur MK. Alterations in hippocampal mitochondrial dynamics are associated with neurodegeneration and recognition memory decline in old male mice. Biogerontology 2022; 23:251-271. [PMID: 35266060 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics is a key process that modulates the ultrastructure, quality and function of mitochondria. It is disrupted in numerous major neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been correlated with the loss of memory. Previous studies suggest the involvement of Vdac1 and Drp1 in outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and promotion of mitochondrial fragmentation through Drp1 phosphorylation at S616. However, alterations in mitochondrial dynamics with respect to aging, memory loss and neurodegeneration remain unexplored. Therefore, the present study focuses on the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegeneration and recognition memory decline during aging. The recognition memory decline was validated by the novel object recognition test and measurement of hippocampal Arc protein level during aging. The ultrastructure analysis revealed a decline in mitochondrial length and area, while an increase in the number of fragmented, round and disrupted mitochondria in the hippocampus during aging. Disruption was also evident in mitochondrial cristae and membrane with advancing age. The change in mitochondrial morphology was corroborated by an increase in the expression of phospho-Drp1 (S616) and Cyt-c proteins but decline in Mfn2, LC3B, Vdac1, Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 proteins in the hippocampus during aging. Taken together, our findings reveal that an increase in the expression of phospho-Drp1 (S616) and decrease in Mfn2 and LC3B proteins in the hippocampus bring about a reduction in mitochondrial length and area, and rise in mitochondrial fragmentation leading to reduced neuronal cell density, increased neurodegeneration and recognition memory decline in old male mice. Diagram depicts the increase in hippocampal mitochondrial fragmentation during aging of mice. Increased mitochondrial fragmentation causes distorted mitochondrial function such as decrease in ATP/ADP transportation due to decrease in Vdac1 protein level and increase in oxidative damage. These alterations result in hippocampal neurodegeneration and consequently impairment in recognition memory during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Mishra
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Thakur
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
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15
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PINK1 regulates mitochondrial fission/fusion and neuroinflammation in β-amyloid-induced Alzheimer's disease models. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Litwiniuk A, Baranowska-Bik A, Domańska A, Kalisz M, Bik W. Contribution of Mitochondrial Dysfunction Combined with NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121221. [PMID: 34959622 PMCID: PMC8703835 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are the most common forms of neurodegenerative illnesses. It has been widely accepted that neuroinflammation is the key pathogenic mechanism in neurodegeneration. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome complex activity have a crucial role in inducing and sustaining neuroinflammation. In addition, mitochondrial-related inflammatory factors could drive the formation of inflammasome complexes, which are responsible for the activation, maturation, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The present review includes a broadened approach to the role of mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in abnormal NLRP3 activation in selected neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, we also discuss the potential mitochondria-focused treatments that could influence the NLRP3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.L.); (A.D.); (M.K.); (W.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Baranowska-Bik
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Cegłowska 80, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anita Domańska
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.L.); (A.D.); (M.K.); (W.B.)
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kalisz
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.L.); (A.D.); (M.K.); (W.B.)
| | - Wojciech Bik
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.L.); (A.D.); (M.K.); (W.B.)
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17
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Wang EJ, Wu MY, Lu JH. Ferulic Acid in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. Cells 2021; 10:2653. [PMID: 34685633 PMCID: PMC8534433 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence in the elderly. Many preclinical studies show that a natural product, ferulic acid (FA), displays neuroprotective effects in AD models. This review aims to systematically review and meta-analyze published pre-clinical researches about the effects, mechanism, and clinical prospects of FA in the treatment of AD. According to the pre-determined search strategy and inclusion criteria, a total of 344 animals in 12 papers were included in the meta-analysis. We used the fixed effects model to analyze data and I2 and p values to indicate heterogeneity. Results show that FA treatment can effectively improve rodents' spatial memory ability in MWM and Y maze experiments (I2 ≥ 70, p < 0.005), and reduce the deposition of Aβ in the brains of various model animals (I2 ≥ 50, p < 0.005). The potential mechanisms include anti-amyloidogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, mitochondrial protection, and inhibition of apoptosis. In conclusion, we systematically review and meta-analyze the literature reporting the effects of FA treatment on AD rodent models and solidify the benefits of FA in reducing Aβ deposition and improving memory in preclinical experiments. We also point out the limitations in the current research design and provide a strategy for the production research of FA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; (E.-J.W.); (M.-Y.W.)
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18
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Drabik K, Piecyk K, Wolny A, Szulc-Dąbrowska L, Dębska-Vielhaber G, Vielhaber S, Duszyński J, Malińska D, Szczepanowska J. Adaptation of mitochondrial network dynamics and velocity of mitochondrial movement to chronic stress present in fibroblasts derived from patients with sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21586. [PMID: 33960016 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001978rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Only 10% of all cases are familial form, the remaining 90% are sporadic form with unknown genetic background. The etiology of sporadic AD is still not fully understood. Pathogenesis and pathobiology of this disease are limited due to the limited number of experimental models. We used primary culture of fibroblasts derived from patients diagnosed with sporadic form of AD for investigation of dynamic properties of mitochondria, including fission-fusion process and localization of mitochondria within the cell. We observed differences in mitochondrial network organization with decreased mitochondrial transport velocity, and a drop in the frequency of fusion-fission events. These studies show how mitochondrial dynamics adapt to the conditions of long-term mitochondrial stress that prevails in cells of sporadic form of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina Piecyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Wolny
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Szulc-Dąbrowska
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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19
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Zhang XY, Meng Y, Yan XJ, Liu S, Wang GQ, Cao YP. Immunization with Aβ3-10-KLH vaccine improves cognitive function and ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and reduces Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in Tg-APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice. Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:31-40. [PMID: 34044034 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common cause of dementia, for which no disease-modifying therapy is yet available. Aβ3-10-KLH, a vaccine for active immunization, has been shown to prevent pathological changes in young transgenic models of AD, but the effects of treatment with it and its effects on mitochondrial dysfunction remain unclear. We immunized 6-month-old Tg-APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice with Aβ3-10-KLH to analyze whether it is capable of eliminating amyloid-β after its appearance. The vaccine effectively decreased amyloid-β deposits, improved cognitive function and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction. These results indicate the potential of Aβ3-10-KLH as a vaccine to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xue-Jing Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yun-Peng Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
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20
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Jin X, Guo JL, Wang L, Zhong X, Yao WF, Gao H, Liu MY. Natural products as pharmacological modulators of mitochondrial dysfunctions for the treatments of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113401. [PMID: 33831779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal loss and cognitive impairment that harshly affect the elderly individuals. Currently, the available anti-AD pharmacological approaches are purely symptomatic to alleviate AD symptoms, and the curative effects of novel anti-AD drugs focused on Aβ target are disappointing. Hence, there is a tremendous need to adjust AD therapeutic targets and discover novel anti-AD agents. In AD, mitochondrial dysfunction gradually triggers neuronal death from different aspects and worsens the occurrence and progress of AD. Consequently, it has been proposed that the intervention of impaired mitochondria represents an attractive breakthrough point for AD treatments. Due to chemical diversity, poly-pharmacological activities, few adverse effects and multiple targeting, natural products (NPs) have been identified as a valuable treasure for drug discovery and development. Multiple lines of studies have scientifically proven that NPs display ameliorative benefits in AD treatment in relation to mitochondrial dysfunction. This review surveys the complicated implications for mitochondrial dysregulation and AD, and then summarizes the potentials of NPs and their underlying molecular mechanisms against AD via reducing or improving mitochondrial dysfunction. It is expected that this work may open the window to speed up the development of innovative anti-AD drugs originated from NPs and improve upcoming AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Ling Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-Fan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Division of Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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21
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: A Biomarker of the Future? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010063. [PMID: 33440662 PMCID: PMC7827030 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide and is characterised pathologically by the accumulation of amyloid beta and tau protein aggregates. Currently, there are no approved disease modifying therapies for clearance of either of these proteins from the brain of people with AD. As well as abnormalities in protein aggregation, other pathological changes are seen in this condition. The function of mitochondria in both the nervous system and rest of the body is altered early in this disease, and both amyloid and tau have detrimental effects on mitochondrial function. In this review article, we describe how the function and structure of mitochondria change in AD. This review summarises current imaging techniques that use surrogate markers of mitochondrial function in both research and clinical practice, but also how mitochondrial functions such as ATP production, calcium homeostasis, mitophagy and reactive oxygen species production are affected in AD mitochondria. The evidence reviewed suggests that the measurement of mitochondrial function may be developed into a future biomarker for early AD. Further work with larger cohorts of patients is needed before mitochondrial functional biomarkers are ready for clinical use.
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22
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Song M, Zhao X, Song F. Aging-Dependent Mitophagy Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2362-2378. [PMID: 33417222 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common late-onset dementia characterized by the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which eventually lead to neuronal loss and cognitive deficits. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the initiation and progression of AD. As essential machinery for mitochondrial quality control, mitophagy plays a housekeeping role in neuronal cells by eliminating dysfunctional or excessive mitochondria. At present, mounting evidence support that the activity of mitophagy markedly declines in human brains during aging. Impaired mitophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction were causally linked to bioenergetic deficiency, oxidative stress, microglial activation, and chronic inflammation, thereby aggravating the Aβ and tau pathologies and leading to neuron loss in AD. This review summarizes recent evidence for age-associated mitophagy decline during human aging and provides an overview of mitochondrial dysfunction involved in the process of AD. It also discusses the underlying mechanisms through which defective mitophagy leads to neuronal cell death in AD. Therapeutic interventions aiming to restore mitophagy functions can be used as a strategy for ameliorating AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyong Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Huo Q, Tabassum S, Chen M, Sun M, Deng Y, Zheng X, Li Y, Chen J, Long C, Yang L. Amyloid-β Protein Precursor Deficiency Changes Neuronal Electrical Activity and Levels of Mitochondrial Proteins in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:1469-1482. [PMID: 33935084 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease are characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and impairments in synaptic activity and memory. However, we know little about the physiological role of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) from which Aβ derives. OBJECTIVE Evaluate APP deficiency induced alterations in neuronal electrical activity and mitochondrial protein expression. METHODS Utilizing electrophysiological, biochemical, pharmacological, and behavioral tests, we revealed aberrant local field potential (LFP), extracellular neuronal firing and levels of mitochondrial proteins. RESULT We show that APP knockout (APP-/-) leads to increased gamma oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at 1-2 months old, which can be restored by baclofen (Bac), a γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABABR) agonist. A higher dose and longer exposure time is required for Bac to suppress neuronal firing in APP-/- mice than in wild type animals, indicating enhanced GABABR mediated activity in the mPFC of APP-/- mice. In line with increased GABABR function, the glutamine synthetase inhibitor, L-methionine sulfonate, significantly increases GABABR levels in the mPFC of APP-/- mice and this is associated with a significantly lower incidence of death. The results suggest that APP-/- mice developed stronger GABABR mediated inhibition. Using HEK 293 as an expression system, we uncover that AβPP functions to suppress GABABR expression. Furthermore, APP-/- mice show abnormal expression of several mitochondrial proteins. CONCLUSION APP deficiency leads to both abnormal network activity involving defected GABABR and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting critical role of AβPP in synaptic and network function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Huo
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sidra Tabassum
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengyao Sun
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Deng
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingzhi Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Long
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Vaillant-Beuchot L, Mary A, Pardossi-Piquard R, Bourgeois A, Lauritzen I, Eysert F, Kinoshita PF, Cazareth J, Badot C, Fragaki K, Bussiere R, Martin C, Mary R, Bauer C, Pagnotta S, Paquis-Flucklinger V, Buée-Scherrer V, Buée L, Lacas-Gervais S, Checler F, Chami M. Accumulation of amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragments triggers mitochondrial structure, function, and mitophagy defects in Alzheimer's disease models and human brains. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:39-65. [PMID: 33079262 PMCID: PMC7785558 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of recent evidence indicate that the amyloid precursor protein-derived C-terminal fragments (APP-CTFs) could correspond to an etiological trigger of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Altered mitochondrial homeostasis is considered an early event in AD development. However, the specific contribution of APP-CTFs to mitochondrial structure, function, and mitophagy defects remains to be established. Here, we demonstrate in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells expressing either APP Swedish mutations, or the β-secretase-derived APP-CTF fragment (C99) combined with β- and γ-secretase inhibition, that APP-CTFs accumulation independently of Aβ triggers excessive mitochondrial morphology alteration (i.e., size alteration and cristae disorganization) associated with enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. APP-CTFs accumulation also elicit basal mitophagy failure illustrated by enhanced conversion of LC3, accumulation of LC3-I and/or LC3-II, non-degradation of SQSTM1/p62, inconsistent Parkin and PINK1 recruitment to mitochondria, enhanced levels of membrane and matrix mitochondrial proteins, and deficient fusion of mitochondria with lysosomes. We confirm the contribution of APP-CTFs accumulation to morphological mitochondria alteration and impaired basal mitophagy in vivo in young 3xTgAD transgenic mice treated with γ-secretase inhibitor as well as in adeno-associated-virus-C99 injected mice. Comparison of aged 2xTgAD and 3xTgAD mice indicates that, besides APP-CTFs, an additional contribution of Aβ to late-stage mitophagy activation occurs. Importantly, we report on mitochondrial accumulation of APP-CTFs in human post-mortem sporadic AD brains correlating with mitophagy failure molecular signature. Since defective mitochondria homeostasis plays a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis, targeting mitochondrial dysfunctions and/or mitophagy by counteracting early APP-CTFs accumulation may represent relevant therapeutic interventions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loan Vaillant-Beuchot
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Arnaud Mary
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Raphaëlle Pardossi-Piquard
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Alexandre Bourgeois
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Inger Lauritzen
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Fanny Eysert
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Paula Fernanda Kinoshita
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julie Cazareth
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Céline Badot
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Renaud Bussiere
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Department of Medicine, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, UK Dementia Research Institute, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Cécile Martin
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Rosanna Mary
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Charlotte Bauer
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Sophie Pagnotta
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | | | - Valérie Buée-Scherrer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Place de Verdun, 59045, Lille, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, 'Alzheimer and Tauopathies', Bâtiment Biserte, rue Polonovski, 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Place de Verdun, 59045, Lille, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, 'Alzheimer and Tauopathies', Bâtiment Biserte, rue Polonovski, 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Sandra Lacas-Gervais
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Mounia Chami
- Institut of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France.
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Mitochondrial abnormalities in neurodegenerative models and possible interventions: Focus on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease. Mitochondrion 2020; 55:14-47. [PMID: 32828969 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial abnormalities in the brain are considered early pathological changes in neurogenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). The mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain can be induced by toxic proteins, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), phosphorylated tau, alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and mutant huntingtin (mtHTT). These proteins cause mitochondrial genome damage, increased oxidative stress, decreased mitochondrial membrane permeability, and diminished ATP production. Consequently, synaptic dysfunction, synaptic loss, neuronal apoptosis, and ultimately cognitive impairment are exhibited. Therefore, the restoration of mitochondrial abnormalities in the brain is an alternative intervention to delay the progression of neurodegenerative diseases in addition to reducing the level of toxic proteins, especially Aβ, and restored synaptic dysfunction by interventions. Here we comprehensively review mitochondrial alterations in the brain of neurodegenerative models, specifically AD, PD and HD, from both in vitro and in vivo studies. Additionally, the correlation between mitochondrial changes, cognitive function, and disease progression from in vivo studies is described. This review also summarizes interventions that possibly attenuate mitochondrial abnormalities in AD, PD and HD models from both in vitro and in vivo studies. This may lead to the introduction of novel therapies that target on brain mitochondria to delay the progression of AD, PD and HD.
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26
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Neuronal mitochondria-targeted micelles relieving oxidative stress for delayed progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biomaterials 2020; 238:119844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Back to The Fusion: Mitofusin-2 in Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010126. [PMID: 31906578 PMCID: PMC7019958 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo constant fission and fusion. Mitochondria dysfunction underlies several human disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Preservation of mitochondrial dynamics is fundamental for regulating the organelle’s functions. Several proteins participate in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and networks, and among these, Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) has been extensively studied. This review focuses on the role of Mfn2 in mitochondrial dynamics and in the crosstalk between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, in particular in AD. Understanding how this protein may be related to AD pathogenesis will provide essential information for the development of therapies for diseases linked to disturbed mitochondrial dynamics, as in AD.
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28
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Xu Y, Xu L, Han M, Liu X, Li F, Zhou X, Wang Y, Bi J. Altered mitochondrial DNA methylation and mitochondrial DNA copy number in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:41-46. [PMID: 31564416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and mitochondrial impairment is a key feature of AD. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) epigenetic mechanism is a relatively new field compared to nuclear DNA. The relationship between mtDNA epigenetic mechanism and AD hasn't been established. So we analyzed the mtDNA methylation in D-loop region and 12 S rRNA gene in the hippocampi in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and gene expression were studied by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We observed a decrease in the displacement loop (D-loop) methylation and an increase in 12 S rRNA gene methylation, while both the mtDNA copy number and the mitochondrial gene expression were reduced in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In summary, the present finding suggest that mtDNA methylation may play a role in AD pathology, which warrants larger future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingYing Xu
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - LinLin Xu
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - XiangTian Liu
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - XiaoYan Zhou
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
| | - JianZhong Bi
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
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29
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Emmerzaal TL, Rodenburg RJ, Tanila H, Verweij V, Kiliaan AJ, Kozicz T. Age-Dependent Decrease of Mitochondrial Complex II Activity in a Familial Mouse Model for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:75-82. [PMID: 30248054 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder for which the exact etiology is largely unknown. An increasingly recognized and investigated notion is the pathogenic role of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. We assessed mitochondrial oxidative-phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzyme activities in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse model from 4.5 to 14 months of age. We show an age-dependent decrease in mitochondrial complex-II activity starting at 9 months in APP/PS1 mice. Other enzymes of the OXPHOS do not show any alterations. Since amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques are already present from 4 months of age, mitochondrial dysfunction likely occurs downstream of Aβ pathology in this mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim L Emmerzaal
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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30
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Sun H, Liu M, Sun T, Chen Y, Lan Z, Lian B, Zhao C, Liu Z, Zhang J, Liu Y. Age-related changes in hippocampal AD pathology, actin remodeling proteins and spatial memory behavior of male APP/PS1 mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112182. [PMID: 31472195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Synaptic plasticity impairment is one of the early pathological events in AD. Transgenic APP/PS1 mice that overproduce Aβ are one of the most extensively used AD animal models. Many studies have investigated the roles of NTF-related p-Tau, non-amyloidogenic ADAM10, amyloidogenic BACE1, Aβ proteolytic NEP and IDE in certain ages of APP/PS1 mice as well as dendritic spine-related Rictor and Profilin-1 in normal mice, but there are few studies exploring the age-related changes of these molecules in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, current studies regarding when memory impairment occurs in these mice are controversial. Thus, we examined the changes of these molecules in APP/PS1 and control mice using Western blot in mice 2-month-old (2 m) to 10 m of age and behavior changes using the Morris water maze from 4 m to 8 m. The results showed that in APP/PS1 mice, significant changes of hippocampal p-Tau, Aβ, ADAM10, BACE1 and Rictor occurred at 6 m, NEP at 8 m, and IDE and Profilin-1 at 10 m. In control mice, changes of p-Tau, ADAM10, and BACE1 occurred at 8 m and NEP at 10 m, while IDE, Rictor and Profilin-1 remained unchanged. Importantly, the Morris water maze test revealed that spatial memory impairment was detected at 8 m but not 4 or 6 m. The above findings clearly evidence that neurochemical changes overtly precede cognitive dysfunctions in this AD model and provide novel knowledge for a better understanding of the molecular events driving AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- Student Brigade, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhen Lan
- Department of Neurobiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Biyao Lian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Chengjun Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Xu YJ, Mei Y, Shi XQ, Zhang YF, Wang XY, Guan L, Wang Q, Pan HF. Albiflorin ameliorates memory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Brain Res 2019; 1719:113-123. [PMID: 31150651 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Albiflorin, the main component of Radix Paeoniae Alba, has been shown to ameliorate injury in cell models of Alzheimer's disease induced by amyloid-β (Aβ), but the mechanism is unclear. We used 7-month-old APP/PS1 mice to determine whether albiflorin is capable of protecting against Alzheimer's disease. We found that four weeks of intragastric administration of albiflorin (20 mg/kg/d and 40 mg/kg/d) ameliorated memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Albiflorin conferred synaptic protection by decreasing Aβ levels and increasing PSD-95, synaptophysin and synapsin 1 levels in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. Albiflorin played an antioxidative role by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and elevating Mn-SOD activity in the brain. Albiflorin also reduced the level of Drp1, increased the levels of Mfn1, Mfn2 and Opa1 and improved mitochondrial morphology in APP/PS1 mice. Albiflorin inhibited the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis by increasing the levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl and decreasing the levels of Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome c in both the hippocampus and the cortex and by reducing the number of apoptotic cells in the anterior parietal cortex of the APP/PS1 mice. In conclusion, treatment with albiflorin improved mitochondrial function, reduced Aβ deposition in the brain and ameliorated memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice. These findings indicate that albiflorin may serve as a potential antidementia drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qing Shi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fang Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yue Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Guan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hua-Feng Pan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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32
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Cowan K, Anichtchik O, Luo S. Mitochondrial integrity in neurodegeneration. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:825-836. [PMID: 30746905 PMCID: PMC6566061 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a unique organelle with a diverse range of functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological process in several neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are mostly important for energy production; however, they also have roles in Ca2+ homeostasis, ROS production, and apoptosis. There are two major systems in place, which regulate mitochondrial integrity, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy. These two processes remove damaged mitochondria from cells and protect the functional mitochondrial population. These quality control systems often become dysfunctional during neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and severe neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Cowan
- Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Oleg Anichtchik
- Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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33
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Simonovitch S, Schmukler E, Masliah E, Pinkas-Kramarski R, Michaelson DM. The Effects of APOE4 on Mitochondrial Dynamics and Proteins in vivo. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:861-875. [PMID: 31306119 PMCID: PMC7478177 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), the most prevalent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), on proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy, in the hippocampus of targeted replacement mice. Immunohistochemical measurements revealed that the levels of the mitochondrial fusion-mediating protein, MFN1, were higher, whereas those of corresponding fission-regulating protein, DRP-1, were lower in the hippocampus of ApoE4 mice than in the corresponding ApoE3 mice, indicating that APOE4 is associated with increased mitochondrial fusion and decreased fission. A similar ApoE4-driven decrease in DRP-1 was also observed in AD brains. The levels of the mitochondrial proteins COX1 and Tom40, were higher in the ApoE4 mice, which is consistent with the increased fusion. Measurements of the levels of cleaved PINK1 and parkin, which mark and target mitochondria for mitophagic degradation, revealed lower levels of cleaved PINK1, suggesting reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and higher levels of parkin in the hippocampus of ApoE4 compared with the ApoE3 mice, indicating altered mitophagy. The levels of the ubiquitin-binding scaffold protein, p62/SQSTM1, which directs selected cargo to the autophagosomes, were also higher in the ApoE4 mice. These findings suggest that APOE4 is associated with enhanced mitochondrial fusion and decreased fission. Additionally, the results indicate that mitophagy/autophagy is reduced in ApoE4 mice, resulting in higher levels of proteins such as parkin and p62, which are normally degraded during this process. Taken together, these results suggest a novel mechanism that may underlie the pathological effects of APOE4 and indicate that use of APOE4 genotyping could pave the way for identification of novel APOE4-related therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Simonovitch
- Department of Neurobiology, Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Schmukler
- Department of Neurobiology, Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Molecular Neuropathology Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski
- Department of Neurobiology, Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel M Michaelson
- Department of Neurobiology, Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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34
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Joshi AU, Mochly-Rosen D. Mortal engines: Mitochondrial bioenergetics and dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2018; 138:2-15. [PMID: 30144530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are best known for their role in ATP generation. However, studies over the past two decades have shown that mitochondria do much more than that. Mitochondria regulate both necrotic and apoptotic cell death pathways, they store and therefore coordinate cellular Ca2+ signaling, they generate and metabolize important building blocks, by-products and signaling molecules, and they also generate and are targets of free radical species that modulate many aspects of cell physiology and pathology. Most estimates suggest that although the brain makes up only 2 percent of body weight, utilizes about 20 percent of the body's total ATP. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction greatly impacts brain functions and is indeed associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, a number of abnormal disease-associated proteins have been shown to interact directly with mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent neuronal cell death. Here, we discuss the role of mitochondrial dynamics impairment in the pathological processes associated with neurodegeneration and suggest that a therapy targeting mitochondrialdysfunction holds a great promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit U Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, 94305-5174, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, 94305-5174, USA.
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35
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Thygesen C, Metaxas A, Larsen MR, Finsen B. Age-Dependent Changes in the Sarkosyl-Insoluble Proteome of APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 Transgenic Mice Implicate Dysfunctional Mitochondria in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64:1247-1259. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Thygesen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Athanasios Metaxas
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin R. Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Finsen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Odense, Denmark
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36
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Ligustilide Ameliorates Memory Deficiency in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice via Restoring Mitochondrial Dysfunction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4606752. [PMID: 30079347 PMCID: PMC6069587 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4606752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ligustilide, the main lipophilic component of Radix angelicae sinensis, has been shown to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in a few Alzheimer's disease mouse models, but its mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we employed 7-month-old APP/PS1 mice to explore whether LIG is able to protect against Alzheimer's disease progression. The Morris water maze and Y-maze test results showed that eight weeks of intragastric administration of LIG (10 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg) every day improved memory deficit in APP/PS1 mice. The thioflavin-S staining and Western blot results (Aβ1-42 monomer/oligomer, APP, ADAM10, SAPPα, and PreP) showed that LIG reduced Aβ levels in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that LIG reduced the mitochondria number and increased the mitochondrial length in the hippocampal CA1 area of APP/PS1 mice. A reduced level of Drp1 (fission) and increased levels of Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1 (fusion) were found in APP/PS1 mice treated with LIG. An increased ATP level in the brain and increased activities of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in mitochondrion separated from the hippocampus and cortex revealed that LIG alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction. LIG exerts an antioxidation effect via reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the activity of Mn-SOD in the brain. Elevated levels of PSD-95, synaptophysin, and synapsin 1 in both the hippocampus and cortex indicated that LIG provided synaptic protection. These findings show that treatment with LIG ameliorates mitochondrial dynamics and morphology issues, improves mitochondrial function, reduces Aβ levels in the brain, restores the synaptic structure, and ameliorates memory deficit in APP/PS1 mice. These results imply that LIG may serve as a potential antidementia drug.
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37
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Hung CHL, Cheng SSY, Cheung YT, Wuwongse S, Zhang NQ, Ho YS, Lee SMY, Chang RCC. A reciprocal relationship between reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegeneration. Redox Biol 2018; 14:7-19. [PMID: 28837882 PMCID: PMC5567977 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fragmentation due to fission/fusion imbalance has often been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in neurodegeneration. Conventionally, it is believed that once mitochondrial morphology shifts away from its physiological tubular form, mitochondria become defective and downstream apoptotic signaling pathways are triggered. However, our study shows that beta-amyloid (Aβ) induces morphological changes in mitochondria where they become granular-shaped and are distinct from fragmented mitochondria in terms of both morphology and functions. Accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species triggers granular mitochondria formation, while mitoTEMPO (a mitochondria-targeted superoxide scavenger) restores tubular mitochondrial morphology within Aβ-treated neurons. Interestingly, modulations of mitochondria fission and fusion by genetic and pharmacological tools attenuated not only the induction of granular mitochondria, but also mitochondrial superoxide levels in Aβ-treated neurons. Our study shows a reciprocal relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and reactive oxygen species and provides a new potential therapeutic target at early stages of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Hiu-Ling Hung
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Sally Shuk-Yee Cheng
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen-Ting Cheung
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suthicha Wuwongse
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Natalie Qishan Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen-Shan Ho
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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38
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Shah SZA, Zhao D, Hussain T, Yang L. Role of the AMPK pathway in promoting autophagic flux via modulating mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases: Insight into prion diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 40:51-63. [PMID: 28903070 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are highly energy demanding cells dependent on the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. Mitochondria generate energy via respiratory complexes that constitute the electron transport chain. Adenosine triphosphate depletion or glucose starvation act as a trigger for the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is an evolutionarily conserved protein that plays an important role in cell survival and organismal longevity through modulation of energy homeostasis and autophagy. Several studies suggest that AMPK activation may improve energy metabolism and protein clearance in the brains of patients with vascular injury or neurodegenerative disease. Mild mitochondrial dysfunction leads to activated AMPK signaling, but severe endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may lead to a shift from autophagy towards apoptosis and perturbed AMPK signaling. Hence, controlling mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic flux via AMPK activation might be a useful therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative diseases to reinstate energy homeostasis and degrade misfolded proteins. In this review article, we discuss briefly the role of AMPK signaling in energy homeostasis, the structure of AMPK, activation mechanisms of AMPK, regulation of AMPK, the role of AMPK in autophagy, the role of AMPK in neurodegenerative diseases, and finally the role of autophagic flux in prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zahid Ali Shah
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Deming Zhao
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tariq Hussain
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lifeng Yang
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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39
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Dixit S, Fessel JP, Harrison FE. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the APP/PSEN1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and a novel protective role for ascorbate. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:515-523. [PMID: 28863942 PMCID: PMC5623070 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is elevated in very early stages of Alzheimer's disease and exacerbates oxidative stress, which contributes to disease pathology. Mitochondria were isolated from 4-month-old wild-type mice, transgenic mice carrying the APPSWE and PSEN1dE9 mutations, mice with decreased brain and mitochondrial ascorbate (vitamin C) via heterozygous knockout of the sodium dependent vitamin C transporter (SVCT2+/-) and transgenic APP/PSEN1 mice with heterozygous SVCT2 expression. Mitochondrial isolates from SVCT2+/- mice were observed to consume less oxygen using high-resolution respirometry, and also exhibited decreased mitochondrial membrane potential compared to wild type isolates. Conversely, isolates from young (4 months) APP/PSEN1 mice consumed more oxygen, and exhibited an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential, but had a significantly lower ATP/ADP ratio compared to wild type isolates. Greater levels of reactive oxygen species were also produced in mitochondria isolated from both APP/PSEN1 and SVCT2+/- mice compared to wild type isolates. Acute administration of ascorbate to mitochondria isolated from wild-type mice increased oxygen consumption compared with untreated mitochondria suggesting ascorbate may support energy production. This study suggests that both presence of amyloid and ascorbate deficiency can contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, even at an early, prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, although occurring via different pathways. Ascorbate may, therefore, provide a useful preventative strategy against neurodegenerative disease, particularly in populations most at risk for Alzheimer's disease in which stores are often depleted through mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpy Dixit
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Joshua P Fessel
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Fiona E Harrison
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
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40
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Richetin K, Moulis M, Millet A, Arràzola MS, Andraini T, Hua J, Davezac N, Roybon L, Belenguer P, Miquel MC, Rampon C. Amplifying mitochondrial function rescues adult neurogenesis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 102:113-124. [PMID: 28286181 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is strongly impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In several mouse models of AD, it was shown that adult-born neurons exhibit reduced survival and altered synaptic integration due to a severe lack of dendritic spines. In the present work, using the APPxPS1 mouse model of AD, we reveal that this reduced number of spines is concomitant of a marked deficit in their neuronal mitochondrial content. Remarkably, we show that targeting the overexpression of the pro-neural transcription factor Neurod1 into APPxPS1 adult-born neurons restores not only their dendritic spine density, but also their mitochondrial content and the proportion of spines associated with mitochondria. Using primary neurons, a bona fide model of neuronal maturation, we identified that increases of mitochondrial respiration accompany the stimulating effect of Neurod1 overexpression on dendritic growth and spine formation. Reciprocally, pharmacologically impairing mitochondria prevented Neurod1-dependent trophic effects. Thus, since overexpression of Neurod1 into new neurons of APPxPS1 mice rescues spatial memory, our present data suggest that manipulating the mitochondrial system of adult-born hippocampal neurons provides neuronal plasticity to the AD brain. These findings open new avenues for far-reaching therapeutic implications towards neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Richetin
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Manon Moulis
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Aurélie Millet
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Macarena S Arràzola
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Trinovita Andraini
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jennifer Hua
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Noélie Davezac
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Laurent Roybon
- Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Diseases Modeling, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund Stem Cell Center and MultiPark, Lund University, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Pascale Belenguer
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Marie-Christine Miquel
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Claire Rampon
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
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