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Awaad R, Durrani Z, Quadri Y, Sifat MS, Hussein A, Kouser T, El-Gabalawy O, Rajeh N, Shareef S. Developing a Suicide Crisis Response Team in America: An Islamic Perspective. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:985-1001. [PMID: 38245908 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01993-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Suicide is a critical public health issue in the United States, recognized as the tenth leading cause of death across all age groups (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). Despite the Islamic prohibition on suicide, suicidal ideation and suicide mortality persist among Muslim populations. Recent data suggest that U.S. Muslim adults are particularly vulnerable, with a higher attempt history compared to respondents from other faith traditions. While the underlying reasons for this vulnerability are unclear, it is evident that culturally and religiously congruent mental health services can be utilized to steer suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention in Muslim communities across the United States. However, the development of Suicide Response toolkits specific to Muslim populations is currently limited. As a result, Muslim communities lack a detailed framework to appropriately respond in the event of a suicide tragedy. This paper aims to fill this gap in the literature by providing structured guidelines for the formation of a Crisis Response Team (CRT) through an Islamic lens. The CRT comprises of a group of individuals who are strategically positioned to respond to a suicide tragedy. Ideally, the team will include religious leaders, mental health professionals, healthcare providers, social workers, and community leaders. The proposed guidelines are designed to be culturally and religiously congruent and take into account the unique cultural and religious factors that influence Muslim communities' responses to suicide. By equipping key personnel in Muslim communities with the resources to intervene in an emergent situation, provide support to those affected, and mobilize community members to assist in prevention efforts, this model can help save lives and prevent future suicide tragedies in Muslim communities across the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Awaad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Muslim Mental Health and Islamic Psychology Lab, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd Ste 2114, MC 5723, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Maristan, 340 Annette Lane, Hayward, CA, 94541, USA.
| | - Zuha Durrani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Yasmeen Quadri
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5101, USA
| | - Munjireen S Sifat
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA
- Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anwar Hussein
- Department of Psychology, The University of Akron, 290 E Buchtel Ave, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Taimur Kouser
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5101, USA
| | - Osama El-Gabalawy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neshwa Rajeh
- Department of Professional Studies, Northwestern University, 633 Clark Street, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sana Shareef
- School of Professional Studies, Department of Bioethics, Columbia University, 2970 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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Ershadi Manesh S, Bagian Kulemarzi MJ. Inhibition and Activation Systems of Behavior and Suicide Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation. J Family Reprod Health 2024; 18:36-43. [PMID: 38863841 PMCID: PMC11162886 DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v18i1.15437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to predict suicide attempts based on behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BAS/BIS) with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies among adolescents of Abyek City. Materials and methods The research methodology was descriptive-correlational. The cluster sampling method was used, and the resulting sample included 194 adolescents who responded to the BAS/BIS questionnaire (Carver & White, 1994), CER questionnaire, and Beck scale for suicide ideation. Path analysis was employed to evaluate the proposed model using AMOS 24.0 and SPSS 27 softwares. Results The findings indicate that the proposed model is fitted with the data well. The results of path analysis showed that the BAS/BIS systems explain 27% of the variance of maladaptive CER and 61% of the variance of adaptive CER. In addition, maladaptive CER, BAS, and BIS explain 65% of the variance of suicide attempts. Conclusion Low levels of BAS, high levels of BIS, and the use of maladaptive CER skills can be considered risk factors for suicide attempts in adolescents.
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Cho S, Lee K. Association between insurance type and suicide-related behavior among US adults: The impact of the Affordable Care Act. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115714. [PMID: 38219348 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the association between insurance type and suicidal ideation and attempts among adults in the United States, incorporating a comparative analysis of the pre- and post-Affordable Care Act (ACA) periods. We used a nationally representative, cross-sectional, population-based survey of individuals aged 18 years and older from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. The higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts among Medicaid and uninsured groups compared with those with private insurance. After implementation of the ACA policy, the difference-in-differences analysis showed a significantly reduced risk of suicide in the Medicare group compared with the privately insured group, with no significant differences observed in the other groups. These findings highlight the importance of improving access to mental health services, particularly for those with lower levels of insurance coverage, such as Medicaid and Medicare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kounseok Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Roth KB, Gaveras E, Ghiathi F, Shaw EK, Shoemaker MS, Howard NA, Dhir M, Caiza GR, Szlyk HS. A Community-Engaged Approach to Understanding Suicide in a Small Rural County in Georgia: A Two-Phase Content Analysis of Individual and Focus Group Interviews. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7145. [PMID: 38131697 PMCID: PMC10743163 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a significant public health problem, with disproportionate rates in rural areas. Rural communities face substantial structural and cultural barriers to suicide prevention. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the need for suicide prevention and gauge the appropriateness of prevention efforts in the context of a rural Georgia county by leveraging existing community resources and knowledge. Twenty one-on-one, semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were conducted, with participants recruited via purposive snowball sampling. Data analysis included qualitative deductive and inductive content analysis from individual interviews and focus groups with community stakeholders. The findings highlight how rural contexts exacerbate drivers of death by suicide and how the substantial loss of community members to suicide contributes to the ongoing crisis and reduces available support. Access to mental health care often depended on a connection to an established public system such as schools, a military base, or Veterans Administration. There were perceived gaps in crisis and post-crisis services, with participants actively trying to address these gaps and build community support through coalition building. This study contributes knowledge to contextual drivers of suicide in rural areas beyond individual-level risk factors. Community-engaged suicide prevention research in rural areas is promising, but there is a need to develop interventions to best support coalition building and capacity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Beth Roth
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Eleni Gaveras
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | - Fatima Ghiathi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Eric Kendall Shaw
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Melanie Shanlin Shoemaker
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Nicholas Adam Howard
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Meena Dhir
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Genesis Rebeca Caiza
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mercer University, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; (F.G.); (E.K.S.); (M.S.S.); (N.A.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.C.)
| | - Hannah Selene Szlyk
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
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Roth KB, Goplerud DK, Adams LB, Maury ME, Musci RJ. The relationship between neighborhood typologies and self-rated health in Maryland: A latent class analysis. Health Place 2023; 83:103079. [PMID: 37423092 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite widespread evidence that neighborhood conditions impact health, few studies apply theory to clarify the physical and social factors in communities that drive health outcomes. Latent class analysis (LCA) addresses such gaps by identifying distinct neighborhood typologies and the joint influence that neighborhood-level factors play in health promotion. In the current study, we conducted a theory-driven investigation to describe Maryland neighborhood typologies and examined differences in area-level self-rated poor mental and physical health across typologies. We conducted an LCA of Maryland census tracts (n = 1384) using 21 indicators of physical and social characteristics. We estimated differences in tract-level self-rated physical and mental health across neighborhood typologies using global Wald tests and pairwise comparisons. Five neighborhood classes emerged: Suburban Resourced (n = 410, 29.6%), Rural Resourced (n = 313, 22.6%), Urban Underserved (n = 283, 20.4%), Urban Transient (n = 226, 16.3%), Rural Health Shortage (n = 152, 11.0%). Prevalence of self-rated poor physical and mental health varied significantly (p < 0.0001) by neighborhood typology, with the Suburban Resourced neighborhood class demonstrating the lowest prevalence of poor health and the Urban Underserved neighborhoods demonstrating the poorest health. Our results highlight the complexity of defining "healthy" neighborhoods and areas of focus to mitigate community-level health disparities to achieve health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly B Roth
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA.
| | - Dana K Goplerud
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, 624 N Broadway, Hampton House, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Leslie B Adams
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, 624 N Broadway, Hampton House, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mikalah E Maury
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, 1250 E 66th Street, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA
| | - Rashelle J Musci
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, 624 N Broadway, Hampton House, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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O'Reilly LM, Wiggs KK, Quinn PD. Suicide Risk Before Mental Health Treatment Initiation: Implications for Screening and Access to Care. Psychiatr Serv 2023; 74:70-72. [PMID: 35707857 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
With rising suicide rates in the United States over the past two decades, a critical need has emerged to improve interventions to prevent suicide. Previous research has indicated that the period before initiation of mental health treatment may be a particularly vulnerable time for individuals with suicidal behavior. Presence of suicide risk before treatment initiation highlights the need to improve suicide screening and access to care. The authors propose various care and policy considerations to increase, support, and maintain suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M O'Reilly
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (O'Reilly, Wiggs) and Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health (Quinn), Indiana University, Bloomington
| | - Kelsey K Wiggs
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (O'Reilly, Wiggs) and Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health (Quinn), Indiana University, Bloomington
| | - Patrick D Quinn
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (O'Reilly, Wiggs) and Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health (Quinn), Indiana University, Bloomington
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Anthony KM, Ertl A, Leavitt RA, Crosby AE, Diduk-Smith RM, Matthews KA. Detection of Suicide Clusters using Small-Area Geographic Data from the Virginia Violent Death Reporting System, 2010 - 2015. VIRGINIA JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 8:5. [PMID: 38873403 PMCID: PMC11174135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Introduction From 1999 to 2020, the suicide rate in Virginia increased from 13.1 to 15.9 per 100,000 persons aged 10 years and older. Few studies have examined spatial patterns of suicide geographies smaller than the county level. Methods We analyzed data from suicide decedents aged ≥10 years from 2010 through 2015 in the Virginia Violent Death Reporting System. We identified spatial clusters of high suicide rates using spatially adaptive filtering with standardized mortality ratio (SMR) significantly higher than the state SMR (p < 0.001). We compared demographic characteristics, method of injury, and suicide circumstances of decedents within each cluster to decedents outside any cluster. Results We identified 13 high-risk suicide clusters (SMR between 1.7 and 2.0). Suicide decedents in the clusters were more likely to be older (40+ years), non-Hispanic white, widowed/divorced/separated, and less likely to have certain precipitating suicide circumstances than decedents outside the clusters. Suicide by firearm was more common in four clusters, and suicide by poisoning was more common in two clusters compared to the rest of the state. Conclusions There are important differences between geographic clusters of suicide in Virginia. These results suggest that place-specific risk factors for suicide may be relevant for targeted suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M. Anthony
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control
| | - Allison Ertl
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control
| | - Rachel A. Leavitt
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control
| | - Alexander E. Crosby
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control
| | | | - Kevin A. Matthews
- Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control
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Pease JL, Martin CE, Rowe C, Chard KM. Impact of residential PTSD treatment on suicide risk in veterans. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 53:250-261. [PMID: 36541183 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2019, 17 veterans died by suicide every day. Various suicide prevention treatments have emerged, yet limited research has explored the impact of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) treatment on suicidal ideation and behaviors. METHODS This study examines the impact of Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) on suicidal ideation among veterans in three residential PTSD programs (women's, men's, and PTSD/Traumatic Brain Injury). Interview and self-report data were collected from veterans (n = 446) throughout treatment. RESULTS Over 50% of veterans reported current suicidal ideation and a history of suicide attempts prior to treatment. Variables that predicted change in suicidal ideation included prior suicide attempt (β = 0.21, p = 0.022), change in CAPS-5 total score (β = 0.28, p = 0.038), employment status (β = -0.20, p = 0.035) and history of suicide attempt (β = 0.25, p = 0.009). Those without a previous suicide attempt made greater gains in CPT treatment than those with a previous suicide attempt. CONCLUSION Following 7 weeks of CPT residential treatment, a decrease in PTSD symptoms was significantly associated with a reduction in suicidal ideation. Implications are that CPT can reduce suicide risk in a variety of Veteran cohorts with differing trauma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Pease
- College of Allied Health Sciences, School of Social Work, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Colleen E Martin
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Trauma Recovery Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire Rowe
- College of Allied Health Sciences, School of Social Work, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathleen M Chard
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Trauma Recovery Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Rasmus S, Wexler L, Allen J. Setting a Course to Protect Indigenous Cultures and Communities in our National Suicide Prevention Agenda. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022; 29:223-226. [PMID: 36744124 PMCID: PMC9897291 DOI: 10.1037/cps0000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James Allen
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus
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Consolino TA, Yarvis JS. Veteran Suicide: Missed Opportunities for Suicide Prevention Within Concealed Pistol License Curriculum. Mil Med 2022; 188:e985-e990. [PMID: 35425956 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Veteran suicide is a growing topic for public health concern. Despite enhancements from the Department of Veterans Health Administration, clinicians continue to struggle to identify and engage veterans at risk for suicide.
Materials and Methods
Examining suicide prevention efforts, epidemiology, risk factors, and barriers to care; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Governor’s Challenges identified lethal means as one of 3 priority areas to focus on in during this agenda.
Results
The writers identified gaps within the current literature as an area for future research on lethal means within the veteran population and opportunity for intervention with concealed pistol license curriculum.
Conclusion
This article ends with recommendations for further research on veteran suicides, acquisition of concealed pistol licenses, and advocacy for legislative change to require suicide prevention resources and education to be included in the training curriculum for concealed pistol license holders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara A Consolino
- School of Social Work, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112-2627, USA
- Department of Veteran Affairs, Detroit VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201-1916, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Yarvis
- School of Social Work, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112-2627, USA
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Editorial: Cities and population mental health: present and future. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2021; 34:275-276. [PMID: 33605622 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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