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Du X, Zhao M, Jiang L, Pang L, Wang J, Lv Y, Yao C, Wu R. A mini-review on gene delivery technique using nanoparticles-mediated photoporation induced by nanosecond pulsed laser. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2306231. [PMID: 38245895 PMCID: PMC10802807 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2306231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanosecond pulsed laser induced photoporation has gained increasing attention from scholars as an effective method for delivering the membrane-impermeable extracellular materials into living cells. Compared with femtosecond laser, nanosecond laser has the advantage of high throughput and low costs. It also has a higher delivery efficiency than continuous wave laser. Here, we provide an extensive overview of current status of nanosecond pulsed laser induced photoporation, covering the photoporation mechanism as well as various factors that impact the delivery efficiency of photoporation. Additionally, we discuss various techniques for achieving photoporation, such as direct photoporation, nanoparticles-mediated photoporation and plasmonic substrates mediated photoporation. Among these techniques, nanoparticles-mediated photoporation is the most promising approach for potential clinical application. Studies have already been reported to safely destruct the vitreous opacities in vivo by nanosecond laser induced vapor nanobubble. Finally, we discuss the potential of nanosecond laser induced phototoporation for future clinical applications, particularly in the areas of skin and ophthalmic pathologies. We hope this review can inspire scientists to further improve nanosecond laser induced photoporation and facilitate its eventual clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Du
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Le Jiang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lihui Pang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Lv
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cuiping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Pro-vincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Lu R, Yu P, Sui Y. A computational study of cell membrane damage and intracellular delivery in a cross-slot microchannel. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4057-4071. [PMID: 38578041 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00047a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
We propose a three-dimensional computational framework to simulate the flow-induced cell membrane damage and the resulting enhanced intracellular mass transport in a cross-slot microchannel. We model the cell as a liquid droplet enclosed by a viscoelastic membrane and solve the cell deformation using a well-tested immersed-boundary lattice-Boltzmann method. The cell membrane damage, which is directly related to the membrane permeability, is considered using continuum damage mechanics. The transport of the diffusive solute into the cell is solved by a lattice-Boltzmann model. After validating the computational framework against several benchmark cases, we consider a cell flowing through a cross-slot microchannel, focusing on the effects of the flow strength, channel fluid viscosity and cell membrane viscosity on the membrane damage and enhanced intracellular transport. Interestingly, we find that under a comparable pressure drop across the device, for cells with low membrane viscosity, the inertial flow regime, which can be achieved by driving a low-viscosity liquid at a high speed, often leads to much larger membrane damage, compared with the high-viscosity low-speed viscous flow regime. However, the enhancement can be significantly reduced or even reversed by an increase of the cell membrane viscosity, which limits cell deformation, particularly in the inertial flow regime. Our computational framework and simulation results may guide the design and optimisation of microfluidic devices, which use cross-slot geometry to disrupt cell membranes to enhance intracellular delivery of solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Sui
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Kumar A, Nahak BK, Gupta P, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Laser-Induced Intracellular Delivery: Exploiting Gold-Coated Spiky Polymeric Nanoparticles and Gold Nanorods under Near-Infrared Pulses for Single-Cell Nano-Photon-Poration. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:168. [PMID: 38398898 PMCID: PMC10890628 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the potential of laser-induced nano-photon-poration as a non-invasive technique for the intracellular delivery of micro/macromolecules at the single-cell level. This research proposes the utilization of gold-coated spiky polymeric nanoparticles (Au-PNPs) and gold nanorods (GNRs) to achieve efficient intracellular micro/macromolecule delivery at the single-cell level. By shifting the operating wavelength towards the near-infrared (NIR) range, the intracellular delivery efficiency and viability of Au-PNP-mediated photon-poration are compared to those using GNR-mediated intracellular delivery. Employing Au-PNPs as mediators in conjunction with nanosecond-pulsed lasers, a highly efficient intracellular delivery, while preserving high cell viability, is demonstrated. Laser pulses directed at Au-PNPs generate over a hundred hot spots per particle through plasmon resonance, facilitating the formation of photothermal vapor nanobubbles (PVNBs). These PVNBs create transient pores, enabling the gentle transfer of cargo from the extracellular to the intracellular milieu, without inducing deleterious effects in the cells. The optimization of wavelengths in the NIR region, coupled with low laser fluence (27 mJ/cm2) and nanoparticle concentrations (34 µg/mL), achieves outstanding delivery efficiencies (96%) and maintains high cell viability (up to 99%) across the various cell types, including cancer and neuronal cells. Importantly, sustained high cell viability (90-95%) is observed even 48 h post laser exposure. This innovative development holds considerable promise for diverse applications, encompassing drug delivery, gene therapy, and regenerative medicine. This study underscores the efficiency and versatility of the proposed technique, positioning it as a valuable tool for advancing intracellular delivery strategies in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
| | - Bishal Kumar Nahak
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Hausladen F, Kruse P, Hessenberger F, Stegmayer T, Kao YT, Seelert W, Preyer R, Springer M, Stock K, Wittig R. Molecule transfer into mammalian cells by single sub-nanosecond laser pulses. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200327. [PMID: 36633379 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, precise, and viability-retaining method for cytoplasmic molecule delivery is highly desired for cell engineering. Routine methods suffer from low throughput, lack of selectivity, requirement of helper compounds, predominant endosomal delivery, and/or are restricted to specific molecule classes. Photonic cell manipulation bears the potential to overcome these drawbacks. Here we investigated mammalian cell manipulation by single sub-nanosecond laser pulses. Axial beam waist positioning close to a cell monolayer induced culture vessel damage and zones of cell ablation. Cells at margins of ablation zones exhibited uptake of membrane-impermeant fluorophores and GFP expression plasmids. Increasing Rayleigh-length and beam waist diameter reduced the sensitivity to axial defocusing and resulted in robust molecule transfer. Serial application of single pulses focused over a moving cell monolayer yielded quantitative molecule transfer to cells at rates up to 40%. Our results could be basic to spatially and temporally controlled single laser pulse-mediated marker-free high throughput cell manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hausladen
- Devices Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Petra Kruse
- Biology Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Felicia Hessenberger
- Devices Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Biology Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Stegmayer
- Devices Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yu-Ting Kao
- Devices Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Biology Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolf Seelert
- Coherent Laser Systems GmbH, Estlandring 6, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Preyer
- Genome Identification Diagnostics GmbH (GenID), Straßberg, Germany
| | - Marco Springer
- Genome Identification Diagnostics GmbH (GenID), Straßberg, Germany
| | - Karl Stock
- Devices Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer Wittig
- Biology Group, Medical Systems, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM) at Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Rawas-Qalaji M, Cagliani R, Al-Hashimi N, Al-Dabbagh R, Al-Dabbagh A, Hussain Z. Microfluidics in drug delivery: review of methods and applications. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:61-77. [PMID: 36592376 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2162543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics technology has emerged as a promising methodology for the fabrication of a wide variety of advanced drug delivery systems. Owing to its ability for accurate handling and processing of small quantities of fluidics as well as immense control over physicochemical properties of fabricated micro and nanoparticles (NPs), microfluidic technology has significantly improved the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. This emerging technology has offered numerous advantages over the conventional drug delivery methods for fabricating of a variety of micro and nanocarriers for poorly soluble drugs. In addition, a microfluidic system can be designed for targeted drug delivery aiming to increase the local bioavailability of drugs. This review spots the light on the recent advances made in the area of microfluidics including various methods of fabrication of drug carriers, their characterization, and unique features. Furthermore, applications of microfluidic technology for the robust fabrication and development of drug delivery systems, the existing challenges associated with conventional fabrication methodologies as well as the proposed solutions offered by microfluidic technology have been discussed in details.HighlightsMicrofluidic technology has revolutionized fabrication of tunable micro and nanocarriers.Microfluidic platforms offer several advantages over the conventional fabrication methods.Microfluidic devices hold great promise in controlling the physicochemical features of fabricated drug carriers.Micro and nanocarriers with controllable release kinetics and site-targeting efficiency can be fabricated.Drug carriers fabricated by microfluidic technology exhibited improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Rawas-Qalaji
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute For Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Roberta Cagliani
- Research Institute For Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noor Al-Hashimi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rahma Al-Dabbagh
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amena Al-Dabbagh
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahid Hussain
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute For Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Liu Y, Fan Z, Qiao L, Liu B. Advances in microfluidic strategies for single-cell research. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Heinemann D, Zabic M, Terakawa M, Boch J. Laser-based molecular delivery and its applications in plant science. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:82. [PMID: 35690858 PMCID: PMC9188231 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lasers enable modification of living and non-living matter with submicron precision in a contact-free manner which has raised the interest of researchers for decades. Accordingly, laser technologies have drawn interest across disciplines. They have been established as a valuable tool to permeabilize cellular membranes for molecular delivery in a process termed photoinjection. Laser-based molecular delivery was first reported in 1984, when normal kidney cells were successfully transfected with a frequency-multiplied Nd:YAG laser. Due to the rapid development of optical technologies, far more sophisticated laser platforms have become available. In particular, near infrared femtosecond (NIR fs) laser sources enable an increasing progress of laser-based molecular delivery procedures and opened up multiple variations and applications of this technique.This review is intended to provide a plant science audience with the physical principles as well as the application potentials of laser-based molecular delivery. The historical origins and technical development of laser-based molecular delivery are summarized and the principle physical processes involved in these approaches and their implications for practical use are introduced. Successful cases of laser-based molecular delivery in plant science will be reviewed in detail, and the specific hurdles that plant materials pose will be discussed. Finally, we will give an outlook on current limitations and possible future applications of laser-based molecular delivery in the field of plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Heinemann
- Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies, Leibniz University Hannover, Nienburger Str. 17, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Miroslav Zabic
- Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies, Leibniz University Hannover, Nienburger Str. 17, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mitsuhiro Terakawa
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Jens Boch
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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Jiang T. Identification of the genetic central dogma in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by osteoinductive medium from transcriptional data sets. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2022; 8:218-228. [PMID: 36161200 PMCID: PMC9481875 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic central dogma (GCD) has been demonstrated its essential function in many biological processes and diseases. However, its roles in the process of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain unclear. Methods In this project, we analyzed an online database of osteogenic differentiation of MSCs after 14 days and 28 days by osteoinductive medium (GSE83770). The differentially expressed genes were screened by GEO2R, with further conducting of KEGG pathways using DAVID. In addition, protein–protein interactions of the enriched pathways were performed using STRING with marked hub genes measured by the CytoHubba. Hub genes were verified by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Results showed that six pathways related to GCD, including DNA replication, Aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis, Mismatch repair, Ribosome, Spliceosome, and RNA degradation pathways enriched in the early stage (14 days vs. undifferentiated MSCs) of osteogenesis. The Lysosome pathway was highly enriched in the late stage (28 vs. 14 days) of osteogenesis, and Ribosome pathway plays a key role throughout the entire process (28 days vs. undifferentiated MSCs) of osteogenesis. Conclusion Both DNA replication and protein translation were functionally worked in the early stage of osteogenesis, whereas the Lysosome pathway was the only GCD‐related one in the late stage of osteogenesis. The GCD‐related Ribosome pathway occupied the entire process of osteogenesis. We identified six pathways associated with genetic central dogma (DNA replication, Aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis, Mismatch repair, Ribosome, Spliceosome, and RNA degradation pathways), which participated in the early stage of osteogenesis (0−14 days). The Lysosome pathway plays a crucial role in the late stage of osteogenesis (14–28 days), whereas the Ribosome pathway participates in the entire process (28 days vs. undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells) of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong‐Meng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
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9
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Garner AL, Neculaes B, Dylov DV. Infrared Laser-Based Single Cell Permeabilization by Plasma Membrane Temperature Gradients. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060574. [PMID: 35736281 PMCID: PMC9227360 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Single cell microinjection provides precise tuning of the volume and timing of delivery into the treated cells; however, it also introduces workflow complexity that requires highly skilled operators and specialized equipment. Laser-based microinjection provides an alternative method for targeting a single cell using a common laser and a workflow that may be readily standardized. This paper presents experiments using a 1550 nm, 100 fs pulse duration laser with a repetition rate of 20 ns for laser-based microinjection and calculations of the hypothesized physical mechanism responsible for the experimentally observed permeabilization. Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells exposed to this laser underwent propidium iodide uptake, demonstrating the potential for selective cell permeabilization. The agreement between the experimental conditions and the electropermeabilization threshold based on estimated changes in the transmembrane potential induced by a laser-induced plasma membrane temperature gradient, even without accounting for enhancement due to traditional electroporation, strengthens the hypothesis of this mechanism for the experimental observations. Compared to standard 800 nm lasers, 1550 nm fs lasers may ultimately provide a lower cost microinjection method that readily interfaces with a microscope and is agnostic to operator skill, while inducing fewer deleterious effects (e.g., temperature rise, shockwaves, and cavitation bubbles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen L. Garner
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: (A.L.G.); (B.N.)
| | - Bogdan Neculaes
- GE Research, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.L.G.); (B.N.)
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Shakoor A, Gao W, Zhao L, Jiang Z, Sun D. Advanced tools and methods for single-cell surgery. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:47. [PMID: 35502330 PMCID: PMC9054775 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Highly precise micromanipulation tools that can manipulate and interrogate cell organelles and components must be developed to support the rapid development of new cell-based medical therapies, thereby facilitating in-depth understanding of cell dynamics, cell component functions, and disease mechanisms. This paper presents a literature review on micro/nanomanipulation tools and their control methods for single-cell surgery. Micromanipulation methods specifically based on laser, microneedle, and untethered micro/nanotools are presented in detail. The limitations of these techniques are also discussed. The biological significance and clinical applications of single-cell surgery are also addressed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Shakoor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wendi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, The School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, The School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, The School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, The School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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11
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An Overview of Cell Membrane Perforation and Resealing Mechanisms for Localized Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040886. [PMID: 35456718 PMCID: PMC9031838 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized and reversible plasma membrane disruption is a promising technique employed for the targeted deposition of exogenous therapeutic compounds for the treatment of disease. Indeed, the plasma membrane represents a significant barrier to successful delivery, and various physical methods using light, sound, and electrical energy have been developed to generate cell membrane perforations to circumvent this issue. To restore homeostasis and preserve viability, localized cellular repair mechanisms are subsequently triggered to initiate a rapid restoration of plasma membrane integrity. Here, we summarize the known emergency membrane repair responses, detailing the salient membrane sealing proteins as well as the underlying cytoskeletal remodeling that follows the physical induction of a localized plasma membrane pore, and we present an overview of potential modulation strategies that may improve targeted drug delivery approaches.
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12
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Van Hoeck J, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Raemdonck K. Non-viral siRNA delivery to T cells: Challenges and opportunities in cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Pérez-Sosa C, Sanluis-Verdes A, Waisman A, Lombardi A, Rosero G, Greca AL, Bhansali S, Bourguignon N, Luzzani C, Pérez MS, Miriuka S, Lerner B. Single cell transfection of human-induced pluripotent stem cells using a droplet-based microfluidic system. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211510. [PMID: 35242349 PMCID: PMC8753139 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic tools have recently made possible many advances in biological and biomedical research. Research in fields such as physics, engineering, chemistry and biology have combined to produce innovation in microfluidics which has positively impacted diverse areas such as nucleotide sequencing, functional genomics, single-cell studies, single molecules assays and biomedical diagnostics. Among these areas, regenerative medicine and stem cells have benefited from microfluidics since these tools have had a profound impact on their applications. In this study, we present a high-performance droplet-based system for transfecting individual human-induced pluripotent stem cells. We will demonstrate that this system has great efficiency in single cells and captured droplets, like other microfluidic methods but with lower cost. Moreover, this microfluidic approach can be associated with the PiggyBac transposase-based system to increase its transfection efficiency. Our results provide a starting point for subsequent applications in more complex transfection systems, single-cell differentiation interactions, cell subpopulations and cell therapy, among other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Pérez-Sosa
- National Technological University (UTN), IREN Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ariel Waisman
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonella Lombardi
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Rosero
- National Technological University (UTN), IREN Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro La Greca
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Natalia Bourguignon
- National Technological University (UTN), IREN Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Carlos Luzzani
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano. S. Pérez
- University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Paseo Colon 850, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Santiago Miriuka
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - Foundation for the Fight Against Childhood Neurological Diseases, (LIAN-CONICET-FLENI), FLENI Escobar Headquarters, Route 9 Km 53, 1625, Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Betiana Lerner
- National Technological University (UTN), IREN Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
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14
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Fus-Kujawa A, Prus P, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Teper P, Gawron K, Kowalczuk A, Sieron AL. An Overview of Methods and Tools for Transfection of Eukaryotic Cells in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:701031. [PMID: 34354988 PMCID: PMC8330802 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.701031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection is a powerful analytical tool enabling studies of gene products and functions in eukaryotic cells. Successful delivery of genetic material into cells depends on DNA quantity and quality, incubation time and ratio of transfection reagent to DNA, the origin, type and the passage of transfected cells, and the presence or absence of serum in the cell culture. So far a number of transfection methods that use viruses, non-viral particles or physical factors as the nucleic acids carriers have been developed. Among non-viral carriers, the cationic polymers are proposed as the most attractive ones due to the possibility of their chemical structure modification, low toxicity and immunogenicity. In this review the delivery systems as well as physical, biological and chemical methods used for eukaryotic cells transfection are described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Fus-Kujawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Pawel Prus
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Students’ Scientific Society, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paulina Teper
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksander L. Sieron
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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15
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Hörner M, Jerez-Longres C, Hudek A, Hook S, Yousefi OS, Schamel WWA, Hörner C, Zurbriggen MD, Ye H, Wagner HJ, Weber W. Spatiotemporally confined red light-controlled gene delivery at single-cell resolution using adeno-associated viral vectors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/25/eabf0797. [PMID: 34134986 PMCID: PMC8208708 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Methodologies for the controlled delivery of genetic information into target cells are of utmost importance for genetic engineering in both fundamental and applied research. However, available methods for efficient gene transfer into user-selected or even single cells suffer from low throughput, the need for complicated equipment, high invasiveness, or side effects by off-target viral uptake. Here, we engineer an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector system that transfers genetic information into native target cells upon illumination with cell-compatible red light. This OptoAAV system allows adjustable and spatially resolved gene transfer down to single-cell resolution and is compatible with different cell lines and primary cells. Moreover, the sequential application of multiple OptoAAVs enables spatially resolved transduction with different transgenes. The approach presented is likely extendable to other classes of viral vectors and is expected to foster advances in basic and applied genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hörner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carolina Jerez-Longres
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hudek
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hook
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - O Sascha Yousefi
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W A Schamel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cindy Hörner
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Matias D Zurbriggen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and CEPLAS, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanna J Wagner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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16
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Mahhengam N, Fahem Ghetran Khazaali A, Aravindhan S, Olegovna Zekiy A, Melnikova L, Siahmansouri H. Applications of Microfluidic Devices in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: A Review Study. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1863-1877. [PMID: 34024197 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1922870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Many cancer-related deaths are reported annually due to a lack of appropriate diagnosis and treatment strategies. Microfluidic technology, as new creativity has a great impact on automation and miniaturization via handling a small volume of materials and samples (in microliter to femtoliter range) to set up the system. Microfluidic devices not only detect various cancer-diagnostic factors from biological fluids but also can produce proper nanoparticles for drug delivery. With the contribution of microfluidics; multiple treatments for cancer such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and gene delivery can be implemented and studied. Hence, Microfluidics can be worth for the cancer field because of its high Throughput, high sensitivity, less material use, and low expense. In this review study, we intend to look at positive microfluidics prospects, features, benefits, and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negah Mahhengam
- Faculty of General Medicine, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Surendar Aravindhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Lyubov Melnikova
- Business Analysis Department, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Homayoon Siahmansouri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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Challenges and strategies for the delivery of biologics to the cornea. J Control Release 2021; 333:560-578. [PMID: 33857565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biologics, like peptides, proteins and nucleic acids, have proven to be promising drugs for the treatment of numerous diseases. However, besides the off label use of the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab for the treatment of corneal neovascularization, to date no other biologics for corneal diseases have reached the market. Indeed, delivering biologics in the eye remains a challenge, especially at the level of the cornea. While it appears to be a rather accessible tissue for the administration of drugs, the cornea in fact presents several anatomical barriers to delivery. In addition, also intracellular delivery barriers need to be overcome to achieve a promising therapeutic outcome with biologics. This review outlines efforts that have been reported to successfully deliver biologics into the cornea. Biochemical and physical methods for achieving delivery of biologics in the cornea are discussed, with a critical view on their efficacy in overcoming corneal barriers.
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18
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Morshedi Rad D, Alsadat Rad M, Razavi Bazaz S, Kashaninejad N, Jin D, Ebrahimi Warkiani M. A Comprehensive Review on Intracellular Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005363. [PMID: 33594744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is considered an indispensable process for various studies, ranging from medical applications (cell-based therapy) to fundamental (genome-editing) and industrial (biomanufacture) approaches. Conventional macroscale delivery systems critically suffer from such issues as low cell viability, cytotoxicity, and inconsistent material delivery, which have opened up an interest in the development of more efficient intracellular delivery systems. In line with the advances in microfluidics and nanotechnology, intracellular delivery based on micro- and nanoengineered platforms has progressed rapidly and held great promises owing to their unique features. These approaches have been advanced to introduce a smorgasbord of diverse cargoes into various cell types with the maximum efficiency and the highest precision. This review differentiates macro-, micro-, and nanoengineered approaches for intracellular delivery. The macroengineered delivery platforms are first summarized and then each method is categorized based on whether it employs a carrier- or membrane-disruption-mediated mechanism to load cargoes inside the cells. Second, particular emphasis is placed on the micro- and nanoengineered advances in the delivery of biomolecules inside the cells. Furthermore, the applications and challenges of the established and emerging delivery approaches are summarized. The topic is concluded by evaluating the future perspective of intracellular delivery toward the micro- and nanoengineered approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Morshedi Rad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Maryam Alsadat Rad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sajad Razavi Bazaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Navid Kashaninejad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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19
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Hosseinpour S, Xu C, Walsh LJ. Impact of photobiomodulation using four diode laser wavelengths of on cationic liposome gene transfection into pre-osteoblast cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 215:112108. [PMID: 33418241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy can be an effective treatment modality for some severe genetic diseases. Despite efforts to improve their performance, non-viral gene delivery methods remain inefficient and costly. As an alternative to viral vectors, cationic liposomes have a good safety profile and low immunogenicity, but relatively low transfection efficiency. They may also be toxic to cells at high concentrations. Given these challenges, the present study explored the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on cationic liposome plasmid DNA transfection in terms of its efficiency and toxicity, using Lipofectamine 2000 to carry green fluorescent protein (GFP) encoding plasmid DNA, with the pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell line as the target. Cultures were irradiated using diode lasers (445, 685, 810, or 970 nm) at 200 mW using pulsed mode (50 Hz), with a power density of 104.64 mW/cm2, and irradiance from 6 to 18 joules. To determine transfection efficiency, expression of GFP was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. PBM using 810 nm and 970 nm lasers significantly enhanced transfection efficiency for GFP, indicating more efficient uptake of plasmid DNA. Conversely, laser irradiation at 445 nm and 685 nm wavelengths reduced the GFP transfection efficiency. Treatment using 685, 810, and 970 nm lasers at 12 J maintained cell viability and prevented toxicity of cationic liposomes. Overall, these findings support the concept that PBM using near infrared laser wavelengths can enhance transfection efficiency and support cell viability when cationic liposomes are used as the vector in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepanta Hosseinpour
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Laurence J Walsh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
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20
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Brooks J, Minnick G, Mukherjee P, Jaberi A, Chang L, Espinosa HD, Yang R. High Throughput and Highly Controllable Methods for In Vitro Intracellular Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004917. [PMID: 33241661 PMCID: PMC8729875 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro and ex vivo intracellular delivery methods hold the key for releasing the full potential of tissue engineering, drug development, and many other applications. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the design and implementation of intracellular delivery systems capable of delivery at the same scale as viral transfection and bulk electroporation but offering fewer adverse outcomes. This review strives to examine a variety of methods for in vitro and ex vivo intracellular delivery such as flow-through microfluidics, engineered substrates, and automated probe-based systems from the perspective of throughput and control. Special attention is paid to a particularly promising method of electroporation using micro/nanochannel based porous substrates, which expose small patches of cell membrane to permeabilizing electric field. Porous substrate electroporation parameters discussed include system design, cells and cargos used, transfection efficiency and cell viability, and the electric field and its effects on molecular transport. The review concludes with discussion of potential new innovations which can arise from specific aspects of porous substrate-based electroporation platforms and high throughput, high control methods in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Brooks
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Grayson Minnick
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Prithvijit Mukherjee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Arian Jaberi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Lingqian Chang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Horacio D. Espinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ruiguo Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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21
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Duckert B, Vinkx S, Braeken D, Fauvart M. Single-cell transfection technologies for cell therapies and gene editing. J Control Release 2020; 330:963-975. [PMID: 33160005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in gene editing and cell therapies have recently led to outstanding clinical successes. However, the lack of a cost-effective manufacturing process prevents the democratization of these innovative medical tools. Due to the common use of viral vectors, the step of transfection in which cells are engineered to gain new functions, is a major bottleneck in making safe and affordable cell products. A promising opportunity lies in Single-Cell Transfection Technologies (SCTTs). SCTTs have demonstrated higher efficiency, safety and scalability than conventional transfection methods. They can also feature unique abilities such as substantial dosage control over the cargo delivery, single-cell addressability and integration in microdevices comprising multiple monitoring modalities. Unfortunately, the potential of SCTTs is not fully appreciated: they are most often restricted to research settings with little adoption in clinical settings. To encourage their adoption, we review and compare recent developments in SCTTs, and how they can enable selected clinical applications. To help bridge the gap between fundamental research and its translation to the clinic, we also describe how Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) can be integrated in the design of SCTTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Duckert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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22
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Mashel TV, Tarakanchikova YV, Muslimov AR, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS, Lepik KV, Fehse B. Overcoming the delivery problem for therapeutic genome editing: Current status and perspective of non-viral methods. Biomaterials 2020; 258:120282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Patskovsky S, Qi M, Meunier M. Single point single-cell nanoparticle mediated pulsed laser optoporation. Analyst 2020; 145:523-529. [PMID: 31761924 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This article presents an optical platform for studying the dynamics of nanoparticle assisted pulsed laser optoporation of individual living cells. Here plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) act as markers of the exact spatial position of living cell membranes and as an enhancer for localized pulsed laser perforation. High contrast NP imaging using reflected light microscopy (RLM) allows accurate and automatic laser targeting at individual NPs for spatially controlled laser optoporation of single cells at a single point. The NP imaging method is compatible with fluorescence microscopy and a cellular incubator that allows study of real-time perforation kinetics of live cells and the optomechanical interaction of NPs with membranes. These parameters are of great interest for the development and experimental implementation of the technology of pulsed laser optoporation and transfection applied to single living cells as well as to bulk-level assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy Patskovsky
- Engineering Physics Department, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Laser Processing and Plasmonics Laboratory, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada.
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24
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Raes L, Stremersch S, Fraire JC, Brans T, Goetgeluk G, De Munter S, Van Hoecke L, Verbeke R, Van Hoeck J, Xiong R, Saelens X, Vandekerckhove B, De Smedt S, Raemdonck K, Braeckmans K. Intracellular Delivery of mRNA in Adherent and Suspension Cells by Vapor Nanobubble Photoporation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:185. [PMID: 34138203 PMCID: PMC7770675 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and safe cell engineering by transfection of nucleic acids remains one of the long-standing hurdles for fundamental biomedical research and many new therapeutic applications, such as CAR T cell-based therapies. mRNA has recently gained increasing attention as a more safe and versatile alternative tool over viral- or DNA transposon-based approaches for the generation of adoptive T cells. However, limitations associated with existing nonviral mRNA delivery approaches hamper progress on genetic engineering of these hard-to-transfect immune cells. In this study, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticle-mediated vapor nanobubble (VNB) photoporation is a promising upcoming physical transfection method capable of delivering mRNA in both adherent and suspension cells. Initial transfection experiments on HeLa cells showed the importance of transfection buffer and cargo concentration, while the technology was furthermore shown to be effective for mRNA delivery in Jurkat T cells with transfection efficiencies up to 45%. Importantly, compared to electroporation, which is the reference technology for nonviral transfection of T cells, a fivefold increase in the number of transfected viable Jurkat T cells was observed. Altogether, our results point toward the use of VNB photoporation as a more gentle and efficient technology for intracellular mRNA delivery in adherent and suspension cells, with promising potential for the future engineering of cells in therapeutic and fundamental research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Raes
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephan Stremersch
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juan C Fraire
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Toon Brans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Glenn Goetgeluk
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn De Munter
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lien Van Hoecke
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rein Verbeke
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelter Van Hoeck
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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25
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Santra TS, Kar S, Chen TC, Chen CW, Borana J, Lee MC, Tseng FG. Near-infrared nanosecond-pulsed laser-activated highly efficient intracellular delivery mediated by nano-corrugated mushroom-shaped gold-coated polystyrene nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:12057-12067. [PMID: 32469040 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01792b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, an efficient intracellular delivery of molecules with high cell viability is reported using nanosecond-pulsed laser-activated plasmonic photoporation, mediated by high-aspect-ratio nano-corrugated mushroom-shaped gold-coated polystyrene nanoparticles (nm-AuPNPs) at near-infrared wavelength. Upon pulsed laser illumination, nm-AuPNPs exhibit greater plasmonic extinction than spherical AuPNPs, which increase their energy efficiency and reduce the necessary illumination of light, effectively controlling cell damage and improving the delivery efficiency. Nm-AuPNPs exhibit surface plasmon absorption at near infrared region with a peak at 945 nm. Pulsed laser illumination at this plasmon peak triggers explosive nanobubbles, which create transient membrane pores, allowing the delivery of dyes, quantum dots and plasmids into the different cell types. The results can be tuned by laser fluence, exposure time, molecular size and concentration of nm-AuPNPs. The best results are found for CL1-0 cells, which yielded a 94% intracellular PI dye uptake and ∼100% cell viability at 35 mJ cm-2 laser fluence for 945 nm wavelength. Thus, the presented approach has proven to have an inevitable potential for biological cell research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.
| | - Srabani Kar
- Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, CB3 0FA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Te-Chang Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Jayant Borana
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chang Lee
- Institute of Photonics Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. and Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan and Division of Mechanics, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
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Recent advances in micro/nanoscale intracellular delivery. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npe.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lukose J, Shastry S, Mithun N, Mohan G, Ahmed A, Chidangil S. Red blood cells under varying extracellular tonicity conditions: an optical tweezers combined with micro-Raman study. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:015036. [PMID: 33438624 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab6e1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular tonicity has a significant influence on human red blood cell deformation capability. Advancements in the area of laser physics and optical trapping have opened up a plethora of applications for understanding cell structure and dynamics. Here, Raman Tweezers technique was employed to investigate the impact of extracellular tonicity by exposing human red blood cells to both hypertonic and hypotonic intravenous fluids. Heme aggregation was observed in hypertonic saline solution, accompanied with damage in membrane protein. Loss of intracellular hemoglobin in hypotonic solution was evident from the decrease in porphyrin breathing mode present at 752 cm-1. Oxygen binding to the central iron in the red blood cell heme was also affected under both hyper/hypo tonicity conditions. Morphological deviation of discocytes to echinocytes/spherocytes were also evident from quantitative phase imaging. Principal component analysis have showed clear differentiation of samples in order to classify the control erythrocytes and the tonicity stressed erythrocytes. Present study has also demonstrated the application of Raman Tweezers spectroscopy as a potential tool for probing red blood cell under different stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijo Lukose
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104., India
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Chang L, Wang YC, Ershad F, Yang R, Yu C, Fan Y. Wearable Devices for Single-Cell Sensing and Transfection. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1175-1188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Malabi R, Lebohang Manoto S, Ombinda-Lemboumba S, Maaza M, Mthunzi-Kufa P. Laser-enhanced drug delivery of antiretroviral drugs into human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected TZMbl cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800424. [PMID: 31140728 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly increased life expectancy and improved management of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) disease globally. This well-established treatment regime has shown to reduce viral capacity to undetectable limits when using traditional clinical assays. The establishment of viral reservoirs during the early stages of infection are the major contributors to failure of the current regimens to eradicate HIV-1 infection since the reservoirs are not affected by antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Therefore, advanced modification of the present treatment and investigation of novel antiretroviral drug delivery system are needed. The aim of this study was to use femtosecond (fs) laser pulses to deliver ARVs into HIV-1 infected TZMbl cells. Different ARVs were translocated into TZMbl cells using fs pulsed laser (800 nm) with optimum power of 4 μW and 10 ms laser to cell exposure time. Changes in cellular processes were evaluated using cellular morphology, viability, cytotoxicity and luciferase activity assays. Cells treated with the laser in the presence of ARVs showed a significant reduction in viral infectivity, cell viability and an increase in cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that fs laser pulses were highly effective in delivering ARVs into HIV-1 infected TZMbl cells, causing a significant reduction in HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudzani Malabi
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Sello Lebohang Manoto
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Saturnin Ombinda-Lemboumba
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Malik Maaza
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Patience Mthunzi-Kufa
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
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30
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Femtosecond laser is effective tool for zona pellucida engraving and tagging of preimplantation mammalian embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1251-1261. [PMID: 31147866 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our purpose was to study whether application of femtosecond laser pulses for alphanumeric code marking in the volume of zona pellucida (ZP) could be effective and reliable approach for direct tagging of preimplantation embryos. METHODS Femtosecond laser pulses (wavelength of 514 nm, pulse duration of 280 fs, repetition rate of 2.5 kHz, pulse energy of 20 nJ) were applied for precise alphanumeric code engraving on the ZP of mouse embryos at the zygote stage for individual embryo marking and their accurate identification. Embryo quality assessment every 24 h post laser-assisted marking as well as immunofluorescence staining (for ICM/TE cell number ratio calculation) were performed. RESULTS Initial experiments have started with embryo marking in a single equatorial plane. The codes engraved could be clearly recognized until the thinning of the ZP prior to hatching. Since embryo may change its orientation during the ART cycle, multi-plane code engraving seems to be more practical for simplifying the process of code searching and embryo identification. We have marked the ZP in three planes, and no decrease in developmental rates as well as no morphological changes of embryos post laser-assisted engraving have been observed as compared to control group embryos. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the suitability of femtosecond laser as a novel tool for noninvasive embryo tagging, enabling embryo identification from day 0.5 post coitum to at least early blastocyst stage. Thus, the versatility and the potential use of femtosecond lasers in the field of developmental biology and assisted reproduction have been shown.
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31
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Maier CM, Huergo MA, Milosevic S, Pernpeintner C, Li M, Singh DP, Walker D, Fischer P, Feldmann J, Lohmüller T. Optical and Thermophoretic Control of Janus Nanopen Injection into Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7935-7941. [PMID: 30468387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Devising strategies for the controlled injection of functional nanoparticles and reagents into living cells paves the way for novel applications in nanosurgery, sensing, and drug delivery. Here, we demonstrate the light-controlled guiding and injection of plasmonic Janus nanopens into living cells. The pens are made of a gold nanoparticle attached to a dielectric alumina shaft. Balancing optical and thermophoretic forces in an optical tweezer allows single Janus nanopens to be trapped and positioned on the surface of living cells. While the optical injection process involves strong heating of the plasmonic side, the temperature of the alumina stays significantly lower, thus allowing the functionalization with fluorescently labeled, single-stranded DNA and, hence, the spatially controlled injection of genetic material with an untethered nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Maier
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Maria Ana Huergo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET , Sucursal 4 Casilla de Correo 16 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Sara Milosevic
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Carla Pernpeintner
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Miao Li
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Dhruv P Singh
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Debora Walker
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Jochen Feldmann
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Theobald Lohmüller
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
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33
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Du X, Wang J, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang Z, Yao C. Advanced physical techniques for gene delivery based on membrane perforation. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1516-1525. [PMID: 29968512 PMCID: PMC6058615 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1480674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene delivery as a promising and valid tool has been used for treating many serious diseases that conventional drug therapies cannot cure. Due to the advancement of physical technology and nanotechnology, advanced physical gene delivery methods such as electroporation, magnetoporation, sonoporation and optoporation have been extensively developed and are receiving increasing attention, which have the advantages of briefness and nontoxicity. This review introduces the technique detail of membrane perforation, with a brief discussion for future development, with special emphasis on nanoparticles mediated optoporation that have developed as an new alternative transfection technique in the last two decades. In particular, the advanced physical approaches development and new technology are highlighted, which intends to stimulate rapid advancement of perforation techniques, develop new delivery strategies and accelerate application of these techniques in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Du
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Yao
- a Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation , School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
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34
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Abstract
Strategies for the delivery of genes into eukaryotic cells fall into three categories: transfection by biochemical methods, transfection by physical methods, and virus-mediated transduction. "Optical transfection"-a physical transfection method-exploits the ability of light to create small transient pores in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells.
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Stewart MP, Langer R, Jensen KF. Intracellular Delivery by Membrane Disruption: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Concepts. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7409-7531. [PMID: 30052023 PMCID: PMC6763210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical applications ranging from biomanufacture to cell-based therapies. Here, we review techniques for membrane disruption-based intracellular delivery from 1911 until the present. These methods achieve rapid, direct, and universal delivery of almost any cargo molecule or material that can be dispersed in solution. We start by covering the motivations for intracellular delivery and the challenges associated with the different cargo types-small molecules, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, synthetic nanomaterials, and large cargo. The review then presents a broad comparison of delivery strategies followed by an analysis of membrane disruption mechanisms and the biology of the cell response. We cover mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical strategies of membrane disruption with a particular emphasis on their applications and challenges to implementation. Throughout, we highlight specific mechanisms of membrane disruption and suggest areas in need of further experimentation. We hope the concepts discussed in our review inspire scientists and engineers with further ideas to improve intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
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36
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Otake S, Okuro K, Bochicchio D, Pavan GM, Aida T. Nitrobenzoxadiazole-Appended Cell Membrane Modifiers for Efficient Optoporation with Noncoherent Light. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2068-2073. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saya Otake
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kou Okuro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Davide Bochicchio
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Riken Center for
Emergent
Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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37
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Holguin SY, Thadhani NN, Prausnitz MR. Effect of laser fluence, nanoparticle concentration and total energy input per cell on photoporation of cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1667-1677. [PMID: 29719217 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of molecules can be increased by laser-exposure of carbon black nanoparticles to cause photoporation of the cells. Here we sought to determine effects of multiple laser exposure parameters on intracellular uptake and cell viability with the goal of determining a single unifying parameter that predicts cellular bioeffects. DU145 human prostate cancer cells in suspension with nanoparticles were exposed to near-infrared nanosecond laser pulses over a range of experimental conditions. Increased bioeffects (i.e., uptake and viability loss determined by flow cytometry) were seen when increasing laser fluence, number of pulses and nanoparticle concentration, and decreasing cell concentration. Bioeffects caused by different combinations of these four parameters were generally predicted by their cumulative energy input per cell, which served as a unifying parameter. This indicates that photoporation depends on what appears to be the cumulative effect of multiple cell-nanoparticle interactions from neighboring nanoparticles during a series of laser pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefany Y Holguin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Naresh N Thadhani
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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38
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López-Marín LM, Rivera AL, Fernández F, Loske AM. Shock wave-induced permeabilization of mammalian cells. Phys Life Rev 2018; 26-27:1-38. [PMID: 29685859 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Controlled permeabilization of mammalian cell membranes is fundamental to develop gene and cell therapies based on macromolecular cargo delivery, a process that emerged against an increasing number of health afflictions, including genetic disorders, cancer and infections. Viral vectors have been successfully used for macromolecular delivery; however, they may have unpredictable side effects and have been limited to life-threatening cases. Thus, several chemical and physical methods have been explored to introduce drugs, vaccines, and nucleic acids into cells. One of the most appealing physical methods to deliver genes into cells is shock wave-induced poration. High-speed microjets of fluid, emitted due to the collapse of microbubbles after shock wave passage, represent the most significant mechanism that contributes to cell membrane poration by this technique. Herein, progress in shock wave-induced permeabilization of mammalian cells is presented. After covering the main concepts related to molecular strategies whose applications depend on safer drug delivery methods, the physics behind shock wave phenomena is described. Insights into the use of shock waves for cell membrane permeation are discussed, along with an overview of the two major biomedical applications thereof-i.e., genetic modification and anti-cancer shock wave-assisted chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to summarize 30 years of data showing underwater shock waves as a safe, noninvasive method for macromolecular delivery into mammalian cells, encouraging the development of further research, which is still required before the introduction of this promising tool into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M López-Marín
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, 76230 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Ana Leonor Rivera
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares & Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Fernández
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, 76230 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Achim M Loske
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, 76230 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
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Abstract
Although viral vectors comprise the majority of gene delivery vectors, their various safety, production, and other practical concerns have left a research gap to be addressed. The non-viral vector space encompasses a growing variety of physical and chemical methods capable of gene delivery into the nuclei of target cells. Major physical methods described in this chapter are microinjection, electroporation, and ballistic injection, magnetofection, sonoporation, optical transfection, and localized hyperthermia. Major chemical methods described in this chapter are lipofection, polyfection, gold complexation, and carbon-based methods. Combination approaches to improve transfection efficiency or reduce immunological response have shown great promise in expanding the scope of non-viral gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hong Sum
- University of Waterloo, School of Pharmacy, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shirley Wong
- University of Waterloo, School of Pharmacy, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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40
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Shannon EK, Stevens A, Edrington W, Zhao Y, Jayasinghe AK, Page-McCaw A, Hutson MS. Multiple Mechanisms Drive Calcium Signal Dynamics around Laser-Induced Epithelial Wounds. Biophys J 2017; 113:1623-1635. [PMID: 28978452 PMCID: PMC5627067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial wound healing is an evolutionarily conserved process that requires coordination across a field of cells. Studies in many organisms have shown that cytosolic calcium levels rise within a field of cells around the wound and spread to neighboring cells, within seconds of wounding. Although calcium is a known potent second messenger and master regulator of wound-healing programs, it is unknown what initiates the rise of cytosolic calcium across the wound field. Here we use laser ablation, a commonly used technique for the precision removal of cells or subcellular components, as a tool to investigate mechanisms of calcium entry upon wounding. Despite its precise ablation capabilities, we find that this technique damages cells outside the primary wound via a laser-induced cavitation bubble, which forms and collapses within microseconds of ablation. This cavitation bubble damages the plasma membranes of cells it contacts, tens of microns away from the wound, allowing direct calcium entry from extracellular fluid into damaged cells. Approximately 45 s after this rapid influx of calcium, we observe a second influx of calcium that spreads to neighboring cells beyond the footprint of cavitation. The occurrence of this second, delayed calcium expansion event is predicted by wound size, indicating that a separate mechanism of calcium entry exists, corresponding to cell loss at the primary wound. Our research demonstrates that the damage profile of laser ablation is more similar to a crush injury than the precision removal of individual cells. The generation of membrane microtears upon ablation is consistent with studies in the field of optoporation, which investigate ablation-induced cellular permeability. We conclude that multiple types of damage, including microtears and cell loss, result in multiple mechanisms of calcium influx around epithelial wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica K Shannon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Aaron Stevens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Westin Edrington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Yunhua Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Aroshan K Jayasinghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Andrea Page-McCaw
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - M Shane Hutson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
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41
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Antimisiaris S, Mourtas S, Papadia K. Targeted si-RNA with liposomes and exosomes (extracellular vesicles): How to unlock the potential. Int J Pharm 2017; 525:293-312. [PMID: 28163221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The concept of RNA interference therapeutics has been initiated 18 years ago, and the main bottleneck for translation of the technology into therapeutic products remains the delivery of functional RNA molecules into the cell cytoplasm. In the present review article after an introduction about the theoretical basis of RNAi therapy and the main challenges encountered for its realization, an overview of the different types of delivery systems or carriers, used as potential systems to overcome RNAi delivery issues, will be provided. Characteristic examples or results obtained with the most promising systems will be discussed. Focus will be given mostly on the applications of liposomes or other types of lipid carriers, such as exosomes, towards improved delivery of RNAi to therapeutic targets. Finally the approach of integrating the advantages of these two vesicular systems, liposomes and exosomes, as a potential solution to realize RNAi therapy, will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Antimisiaris
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio 26504, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering, FORTH/ICE-HT, Rio 26504, Greece.
| | - Spyridon Mourtas
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio 26504, Greece
| | - Konstantina Papadia
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio 26504, Greece
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Munsell EV, Ross NL, Sullivan MO. Journey to the Center of the Cell: Current Nanocarrier Design Strategies Targeting Biopharmaceuticals to the Cytoplasm and Nucleus. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:1227-44. [PMID: 26675220 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666151216151420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
New biopharmaceutical molecules, potentially able to provide more personalized and effective treatments, are being identified through the advent of advanced synthetic biology strategies, sophisticated chemical synthesis approaches, and new analytical methods to assess biological potency. However, translation of many of these structures has been significantly limited due to the need for more efficient strategies to deliver macromolecular therapeutics to desirable intracellular sites of action. Engineered nanocarriers that encapsulate peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids are generally internalized into target cells via one of several endocytic pathways. These nanostructures, entrapped within endosomes, must navigate the intracellular milieu to orchestrate delivery to the intended destination, typically the cytoplasm or nucleus. For therapeutics active in the cytoplasm, endosomal escape continues to represent a limiting step to effective treatment, since a majority of nanocarriers trapped within endosomes are ultimately marked for enzymatic degradation in lysosomes. Therapeutics active in the nucleus have the added challenges of reaching and penetrating the nuclear envelope, and nuclear delivery remains a preeminent challenge preventing clinical translation of gene therapy applications. Herein, we review cutting-edge peptide- and polymer-based design strategies with the potential to enable significant improvements in biopharmaceutical efficacy through improved intracellular targeting. These strategies often mimic the activities of pathogens, which have developed innate and highly effective mechanisms to penetrate plasma membranes and enter the nucleus of host cells. Understanding these mechanisms has enabled advances in synthetic peptide and polymer design that may ultimately improve intracellular trafficking and bioavailability, leading to increased access to new classes of biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, Delaware.
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Stewart MP, Sharei A, Ding X, Sahay G, Langer R, Jensen KF. In vitro and ex vivo strategies for intracellular delivery. Nature 2016; 538:183-192. [DOI: 10.1038/nature19764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Parlea L, Puri A, Kasprzak W, Bindewald E, Zakrevsky P, Satterwhite E, Joseph K, Afonin KA, Shapiro BA. Cellular Delivery of RNA Nanoparticles. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:527-47. [PMID: 27509068 PMCID: PMC6345529 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RNA nanostructures can be programmed to exhibit defined sizes, shapes and stoichiometries from naturally occurring or de novo designed RNA motifs. These constructs can be used as scaffolds to attach functional moieties, such as ligand binding motifs or gene expression regulators, for nanobiology applications. This review is focused on four areas of importance to RNA nanotechnology: the types of RNAs of particular interest for nanobiology, the assembly of RNA nanoconstructs, the challenges of cellular delivery of RNAs in vivo, and the delivery carriers that aid in the matter. The available strategies for the design of nucleic acid nanostructures, as well as for formulation of their carriers, make RNA nanotechnology an important tool in both basic research and applied biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Parlea
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Anu Puri
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Wojciech Kasprzak
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Eckart Bindewald
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Paul Zakrevsky
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Emily Satterwhite
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Kenya Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Kirill A. Afonin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
- Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte North Carolina 28223, United States
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Bruce A. Shapiro
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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Katchinskiy N, Godbout R, Elezzabi AY. Characterization of femtosecond-laser pulse induced cell membrane nanosurgical attachment. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:2749-2758. [PMID: 27446703 PMCID: PMC4948627 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article provides insight into the mechanism of femtosecond laser nanosurgical attachment of cells. We have demonstrated that during the attachment of two retinoblastoma cells using sub-10 femtosecond laser pulses, with 800 nm central wavelength, the phospholipid molecules of both cells hemifuse and form one shared phospholipid bilayer, at the attachment location. In order to verify the hypothesis that hemifusion takes place, transmission electron microscope images of the cell membranes of retinoblastoma cells were taken. It is shown that at the attachment interface, the two cell membranes coalesce and form one single membrane shared by both cells. Thus, further evidence is provided to support the hypothesis that laser-induced ionization process led to an ultrafast reversible destabilization of the phospholipid layer of the cellular membrane, which resulted in cross-linking of the phospholipid molecules in each membrane. This process of hemifusion occurs throughout the entire penetration depth of the femtosecond laser pulse train. Thus, the attachment between the cells takes place across a large surface area, which affirms our findings of strong physical attachment between the cells. The femtosecond laser pulse hemifusion technique can potentially provide a platform for precise molecular manipulation of cellular membranes. Manipulation of the cellular membrane is an important procedure that could aid in studying diseases such as cancer; where the expression level of plasma proteins on the cell membrane is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Katchinskiy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ultrafast Photonics and Nano-Optics Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ultrafast Photonics and Nano-Optics Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
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Jumelle C, Mauclair C, Houzet J, Bernard A, He Z, Forest F, Perrache C, Gain P, Thuret G. Delivery of macromolecules into the endothelium of whole ex vivo human cornea by femtosecond laser-activated carbon nanoparticles. Br J Ophthalmol 2016; 100:1151-6. [PMID: 27226345 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The targeted delivery of drugs or genes into corneal endothelial cells (ECs) during eye banking could help improve graft quality and quantity. Physical methods raising less safety concerns than viral ones, we previously adapted, for in vitro ECs, a recent innovative technique of drug delivery based on the activation of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) by a femtosecond laser (fsL). The aim of the present pilot study was to adapt this method to enable molecule delivery into the intact endothelium of ex vivo human corneas. METHODS ECs from 40 organ-cultured corneas were perforated by photoacoustic reaction induced by irradiation of CNPs by a fsL. This enabled intracellular delivery of Alexa Fluor 488 dextran, a 4000 Da fluorescent macromolecule. The influence of increasing laser fluences (15, 20, 30 and 40 mJ/cm(2)) and of protective additives (ROCK inhibitor and poloxamer 407) on delivery and mortality rates was quantified using ImageJ. RESULTS No dextran was delivered with a fluence lower than 20 mJ/cm(2). Dextran was delivered into 3% (range 0%-7%) of cells at 20 mJ/cm(2), 7% (range 2%-12%) at 30 mJ/cm(2) and reaching a median 13% (range 3%-24%) for 40 mJ/cm(2), showing that dextran uptake by ECs increased significantly with fluence. Induced mortality varied from 0% to 53% irrespective of fluence, but likely to be related with the endothelial status (EC density and morphometry, donor age, storage duration and presence of Descemet's folds). ROCK inhibitor slightly increased uptake efficiency, unlike poloxamer. However, none of them decreased the mortality induced by laser. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a macromolecule can be delivered specifically into ECs of a whole organ-cultured human cornea, using fsL-activated CNPs. The delivery rate was relatively high for a non-viral method. Further optimisation is required to understand and reduce variability in cell mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Jumelle
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Cyril Mauclair
- Hubert Curien Laboratory, UMR-CNRS 5516, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France Manutech-USD, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Julien Houzet
- Hubert Curien Laboratory, UMR-CNRS 5516, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France Manutech-USD, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Aurélien Bernard
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Zhiguo He
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Fabien Forest
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Chantal Perrache
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Philippe Gain
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Gilles Thuret
- Corneal Graft Biology, Engineering and Imaging Laboratory, EA2521, Federative Institute of Research in Sciences and Health Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Parameters affecting intracellular delivery of molecules using laser-activated carbon nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1003-1011. [PMID: 26772422 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Previous studies showed that carbon nanoparticles exposed to nanosecond laser pulses cause intracellular uptake of molecules. In this study, prostate cancer cells incubated with carbon-black (CB) nanoparticles and fluorescent marker compounds were exposed to 10ns laser pulses at 1064nm wavelength, after which intracellular uptake was measured by flow cytometry. Calcein and dextran (150kDa) were delivered into >50% of cells, whereas larger dextrans (≤2000kDa) were taken up by ~10% of cells. Under all conditions studied, cell viability loss was minimal. Uptake also increased with increasing laser power, increasing CB nanoparticle concentration, increasing CB nanoparticle size and decreasing laser wavelength. CB nanoparticles enabled uptake better than gold nanoparticles or multi-walled carbon nanotubes under the conditions studied. Proof-of-principle experiments showed intracellular uptake by cells in vivo. We conclude that intracellular uptake of molecules using laser-activated CB nanoparticles provides a promising approach to deliver molecules into cells. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Delivery of drugs using nanoparticles as carriers is promising. The authors in this study investigated the use of laser-activated carbon nanoparticles to increase the cellular uptake of payloads in various parameters. The positive data generated should provide further platform for a new approach for intracellular delivery of molecules.
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Garner AL, Neculaes VB, Deminsky M, Dylov DV, Joo C, Loghin ER, Yazdanfar S, Conway KR. Plasma membrane temperature gradients and multiple cell permeabilization induced by low peak power density femtosecond lasers. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 5:168-174. [PMID: 28955820 PMCID: PMC5598230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Calculations indicate that selectively heating the extracellular media induces membrane temperature gradients that combine with electric fields and a temperature-induced reduction in the electropermeabilization threshold to potentially facilitate exogenous molecular delivery. Experiments by a wide-field, pulsed femtosecond laser with peak power density far below typical single cell optical delivery systems confirmed this hypothesis. Operating this laser in continuous wave mode at the same average power permeabilized many fewer cells, suggesting that bulk heating alone is insufficient and temperature gradients are crucial for permeabilization. This work suggests promising opportunities for a high throughput, low cost, contactless method for laser mediated exogenous molecule delivery without the complex optics of typical single cell optoinjection, for potential integration into microscope imaging and microfluidic systems. Femtosecond lasers can transfect a single cell through optoporation. Multiple cells are transfected with much lower power densities at 1550 nm. Calculations show that temperature gradients contribute to the mechanism. These mechanisms resemble those also involved in microwave biological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen L Garner
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - V Bogdan Neculaes
- GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Maxim Deminsky
- Kintech LTD, Kurchatov sq. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia.,NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Dylov
- GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Chulmin Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Evelina R Loghin
- GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Siavash Yazdanfar
- GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Kenneth R Conway
- GE Global Research Center, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
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