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Guzinski J, Ruggeri P, Ballenghien M, Mauger S, Jacquemin B, Jollivet C, Coudret J, Jaugeon L, Destombe C, Valero M. Seascape Genomics of the Sugar Kelp Saccharina latissima along the North Eastern Atlantic Latitudinal Gradient. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1503. [PMID: 33322137 PMCID: PMC7763533 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is one of the most important range-limiting factors for many seaweeds. Driven by the recent climatic changes, rapid northward shifts of species' distribution ranges can potentially modify the phylogeographic signature of Last Glacial Maximum. We explored this question in detail in the cold-tolerant kelp species Saccharina latissima, using microsatellites and double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing ( ddRAD-seq) derived single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to analyze the genetic diversity and structure in 11 sites spanning the entire European Atlantic latitudinal range of this species. In addition, we checked for statistical correlation between genetic marker allele frequencies and three environmental proxies (sea surface temperature, salinity, and water turbidity). Our findings revealed that genetic diversity was significantly higher for the northernmost locality (Spitsbergen) compared to the southern ones (Northern Iberia), which we discuss in light of the current state of knowledge on phylogeography of S. latissima and the potential influence of the recent climatic changes on the population structure of this species. Seven SNPs and 12 microsatellite alleles were found to be significantly associated with at least one of the three environmental variables. We speculate on the putative adaptive functions of the genes associated with the outlier markers and the importance of these markers for successful conservation and aquaculture strategies for S. latissima in this age of rapid global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Guzinski
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
- Xelect ltd, Horizon House, Abbey Walk, St Andrews KY16 9LB, Scotland, UK
| | - Marion Ballenghien
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
- UMR 7144, Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France
| | - Stephane Mauger
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Bertrand Jacquemin
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
- CEVA, 83 Presqu’île de Pen Lan, 22610 Pleubian, France
| | - Chloe Jollivet
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
- Ecole polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), SV-IBI UPOATES, Route cantonale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Coudret
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Lucie Jaugeon
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Christophe Destombe
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Myriam Valero
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place Georges Teissier, 29688 Roscoff CEDEX, France; (J.G.); (P.R.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (B.J.); (C.J.); (J.C.); (L.J.); (C.D.)
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McCoy SJ, Krueger‐Hadfield SA, Mieszkowska N. Evolutionary Phycology: Toward a Macroalgal Species Conceptual Framework. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1404-1413. [PMID: 32726874 PMCID: PMC7883729 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Species concepts formalize evolutionary and ecological processes, but often conflict with one another when considering the mechanisms that ultimately lead to species delimitation. Evolutionary biologists are, however, recognizing that the conceptualization of a species is separate and distinct from the delimitation of species. Indeed, if species are generally defined as separately evolving metapopulation lineages, then characteristics, such as reproductive isolation or monophyly, can be used as evidence of lineage separation and no longer conflict with the conceptualization of a species. However, little of this discussion has addressed the formalization of this evolutionary conceptual framework for macroalgal species. This may be due to the complexity and variation found in macroalgal life cycles. While macroalgal mating system variation and patterns of hybridization and introgression have been identified, complex algal life cycles generate unique eco-evolutionary consequences. Moreover, the discovery of frequent macroalgal cryptic speciation has not been accompanied by the study of the evolutionary ecology of those lineages, and, thus, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying such rampant speciation remain elusive. In this perspective, we aim to further the discussion and interest in species concepts and speciation processes in macroalgae. We propose a conceptual framework to enable phycological researchers and students alike to portray these processes in a manner consistent with dialogue at the forefront of evolutionary biology. We define a macroalgal species as an independently evolving metapopulation lineage, whereby we can test for reproductive isolation or the occupation of distinct adaptive zones, among other mechanisms, as secondary lines of supporting evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J. McCoy
- Department of Biological ScienceFlorida State University319 Stadium Dr.TallahasseeFlorida32312USA
| | - Stacy A. Krueger‐Hadfield
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham1300 University BlvdBirminghamAlabama35294USA
| | - Nova Mieszkowska
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 3GPUK
- Marine Biological Association of the United KingdomThe LaboratoryCitadel HillPlymouthDevonPL1 2PBUK
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Liesner D, Fouqueau L, Valero M, Roleda MY, Pearson GA, Bischof K, Valentin K, Bartsch I. Heat stress responses and population genetics of the kelp Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae) across latitudes reveal differentiation among North Atlantic populations. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9144-9177. [PMID: 32953052 PMCID: PMC7487260 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the thermal plasticity of a coastal foundation species across its latitudinal distribution, we assess physiological responses to high temperature stress in the kelp Laminaria digitata in combination with population genetic characteristics and relate heat resilience to genetic features and phylogeography. We hypothesize that populations from Arctic and cold-temperate locations are less heat resilient than populations from warm distributional edges. Using meristems of natural L. digitata populations from six locations ranging between Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen (79°N), and Quiberon, France (47°N), we performed a common-garden heat stress experiment applying 15°C to 23°C over eight days. We assessed growth, photosynthetic quantum yield, carbon and nitrogen storage, and xanthophyll pigment contents as response traits. Population connectivity and genetic diversity were analyzed with microsatellite markers. Results from the heat stress experiment suggest that the upper temperature limit of L. digitata is nearly identical across its distribution range, but subtle differences in growth and stress responses were revealed for three populations from the species' ecological range margins. Two populations at the species' warm distribution limit showed higher temperature tolerance compared to other populations in growth at 19°C and recovery from 21°C (Quiberon, France), and photosynthetic quantum yield and xanthophyll pigment responses at 23°C (Helgoland, Germany). In L. digitata from the northernmost population (Spitsbergen, Norway), quantum yield indicated the highest heat sensitivity. Microsatellite genotyping revealed all sampled populations to be genetically distinct, with a strong hierarchical structure between southern and northern clades. Genetic diversity was lowest in the isolated population of the North Sea island of Helgoland and highest in Roscoff in the English Channel. All together, these results support the hypothesis of moderate local differentiation across L. digitata's European distribution, whereas effects are likely too weak to ameliorate the species' capacity to withstand ocean warming and marine heatwaves at the southern range edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Liesner
- Alfred Wegener InstituteHelmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - Louise Fouqueau
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRSSorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de RoscoffRoscoff CedexFrance
| | - Myriam Valero
- UMI EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRSSorbonne Université, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de RoscoffRoscoff CedexFrance
| | - Michael Y. Roleda
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchBodøNorway
- The Marine Science Institute, College of ScienceUniversity of the Philippines, DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines
| | | | - Kai Bischof
- Marine BotanyUniversity of BremenBremenGermany
| | - Klaus Valentin
- Alfred Wegener InstituteHelmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - Inka Bartsch
- Alfred Wegener InstituteHelmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
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Mooney KM, Beatty GE, Elsäßer B, Follis ES, Kregting L, O'Connor NE, Riddell GE, Provan J. Hierarchical structuring of genetic variation at differing geographic scales in the cultivated sugar kelp Saccharina latissima. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:108-115. [PMID: 30293661 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The cultivation of macroalgae for biofuels, food and fertilisers has increased dramatically in recent years. The demand for such algal-derived products means that large scale cultivation in coastal waters will become necessary to provide sufficient algal biomass. As part of the process of establishing new macroalgal farms, the potential for gene flow between cultivated specimens and natural populations needs to be taken into consideration. Consequently, in the present study we have used a combined population genetic and hydrodynamic modelling approach to determine potential levels and patterns of gene flow in the kelp Saccharina latissima. Microsatellite analysis of 14 populations sampled across the northern part of the Irish Sea indicated four distinct genetic clusters. These were consistent with dispersal patterns indicated by the particle tracking model and show a combination of isolation by distance and genetic structuring due to local hydrodynamic conditions. At smaller scales (less than a few 10s of km), gene flow appears to be fairly extensive, with evidence of local population connectivity due to local currents. At larger scales, however, factors such as freshwater efflux and open water would appear to represent barriers to gene flow. Together, these patterns suggest that factors other than simple geographical distance and proximity need to be taken into account when planning the siting of kelp farms with the aim of minimizing gene flow to and from natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Mooney
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Gemma E Beatty
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Björn Elsäßer
- DHI Water & Environment, Agern Allé 5, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Emily S Follis
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Louise Kregting
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Nessa E O'Connor
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gillian E Riddell
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jim Provan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK.
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Møller Nielsen M, Paulino C, Neiva J, Krause-Jensen D, Bruhn A, Serrão EA. Genetic diversity of Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along a salinity gradient in the North Sea-Baltic Sea transition zone. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:523-31. [PMID: 27151230 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The North Sea-Baltic Sea transition zone constitutes a boundary area for the kelp species Saccharina latissima due to a strong salinity gradient operating in the area. Furthermore, the existence of S. latissima there, along Danish waters, is fairly patchy as hard bottom is scarce. In this study, patterns of genetic diversity of S. latissima populations were evaluated along the salinity gradient area of Danish waters (here designated brackish) and were compared to reference sites (here designated marine) outside the gradient area, using microsatellite markers. The results showed that the S. latissima populations were structured into two clusters corresponding to brackish versus marine sites, and that gene flow was reduced both between clusters and between populations within clusters. In addition, results provided empirical evidence that marginal populations of S. latissima in the salinity gradient area exhibited a distinct genetic structure when compared to marine ones. Brackish populations were less diverse, more related, and showed increased differentiation over distance compared to marine populations. The isolation of the brackish S. latissima populations within the salinity gradient area of Danish waters in conjunction with their general low genetic diversity makes these populations vulnerable to ongoing environmental and climate change, predicted to result in declining salinity in the Baltic Sea area that may alter the future distribution and performance of S. latissima in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Møller Nielsen
- Department of Bioscience, Arhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Cristina Paulino
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Neiva
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Arhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Annette Bruhn
- Department of Bioscience, Arhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Ester A Serrão
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Zhang J, Yao JT, Sun ZM, Fu G, Galanin DA, Nagasato C, Motomura T, Hu ZM, Duan DL. Phylogeographic data revealed shallow genetic structure in the kelp Saccharina japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta). BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:237. [PMID: 26525408 PMCID: PMC4630829 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population structure and genetic diversity of marine organisms in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean exhibited complex patterns. Saccharina japonica is a commercially and ecologically important kelp species widely distributed along the coast of Japan Sea. However, it is still poorly known about population genetics and phylogeographic patterns of wild S. japonica populations on a large geographic scale, which is an important contribution to breeding and conservation of this marine crop. RESULTS We collected 612 mitochondrial COI and trnW-trnL sequences. Diversity indices suggested that S. japonica populations along the coast of Hokkaido exhibited the highest genetic diversity. Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure (BAPS) revealed four clusters in the kelp species (cluster 1: Hokkaido and South Korea; cluster 2: northwestern Hokkaido; cluster 3: Far Eastern Russia; cluster 4: China). The network inferred from concatenated data exhibited two shallow genealogies corresponding to two BAPS groups (cluster 2 and cluster 3). We did not detect gene flow between the two shallow genealogies, but populations within genealogy have asymmetric gene exchange. Bayesian skyline plots and neutrality tests suggested that S. japonica experienced postglacial expansion around 10.45 ka. CONCLUSIONS The coast of Hokkaido might be the origin and diversification center of S. japonica. Gene exchange among S. japonica populations could be caused by anthropogenic interference and oceanographic regimes. Postglacial expansions and gene exchange apparently led to more shared haplotypes and less differentiation that in turn led to the present shallow phylogeographical patterns in S. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Ting Yao
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Zhong-Min Sun
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Gang Fu
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, 051-0013, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Dmitry A Galanin
- Sakhalin Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanology, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 693023, Russia.
| | - Chikako Nagasato
- Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, 051-0013, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Taizo Motomura
- Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, 051-0013, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Zi-Min Hu
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - De-Lin Duan
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Gagnon K, Peacock SJ, Jin Y, Lewis MA. Modelling the spread of the invasive alga Codium fragile driven by long-distance dispersal of buoyant propagules. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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