1
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Zhu J, Liu J, Yan C, Wang D, Pan W. Trained immunity: a cutting edge approach for designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252554. [PMID: 37868995 PMCID: PMC10587610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The preventive situation of parasitosis, a global public health burden especially for developing countries, is not looking that good. Similar to other infections, vaccines would be the best choice for preventing and controlling parasitic infection. However, ideal antigenic molecules for vaccine development have not been identified so far, resulting from the complicated life history and enormous genomes of the parasites. Furthermore, the suppression or down-regulation of anti-infectious immunity mediated by the parasites or their derived molecules can compromise the effect of parasitic vaccines. Comparing the early immune profiles of several parasites in the permissive and non-permissive hosts, a robust innate immune response is proposed to be a critical event to eliminate the parasites. Therefore, enhancing innate immunity may be essential for designing novel and effective parasitic vaccines. The newly emerging trained immunity (also termed innate immune memory) has been increasingly recognized to provide a novel perspective for vaccine development targeting innate immunity. This article reviews the current status of parasitic vaccines and anti-infectious immunity, as well as the conception, characteristics, and mechanisms of trained immunity and its research progress in Parasitology, highlighting the possible consideration of trained immunity in designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dahui Wang
- Liangshan College (Li Shui) China, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Feldman TP, Egan ES. Uncovering a Cryptic Site of Malaria Pathogenesis: Models to Study Interactions Between Plasmodium and the Bone Marrow. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:917267. [PMID: 35719356 PMCID: PMC9201243 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.917267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow is a critical site of host-pathogen interactions in malaria infection. The discovery of Plasmodium asexual and transmission stages in the bone marrow has renewed interest in the tissue as a niche for cellular development of both host and parasite. Despite its importance, bone marrow in malaria infection remains largely unexplored due to the challenge of modeling the complex hematopoietic environment in vitro. Advancements in modeling human erythropoiesis ex-vivo from primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells provide a foothold to study the host-parasite interactions occurring in this understudied site of malaria pathogenesis. This review focuses on current in vitro methods to recapitulate and assess bone marrow erythropoiesis and their potential applications in the malaria field. We summarize recent studies that leveraged ex-vivo erythropoiesis to shed light on gametocyte development in nucleated erythroid stem cells and begin to characterize host cell responses to Plasmodium infection in the hematopoietic niche. Such models hold potential to elucidate mechanisms of disordered erythropoiesis, an underlying contributor to malaria anemia, as well as understand the biological determinants of parasite sexual conversion. This review compares the advantages and limitations of the ex-vivo erythropoiesis approach with those of in vivo human and animal studies of the hematopoietic niche in malaria infection. We highlight the need for studies that apply single cell analyses to this complex system and incorporate physical and cellular components of the bone marrow that may influence erythropoiesis and parasite development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar P. Feldman
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Egan
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Elizabeth S. Egan,
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3
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Mun Y, Fazio S, Arrieta CN. Remodeling of the Bone Marrow Stromal Microenvironment During Pathogenic Infections. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 434:55-81. [PMID: 34850282 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is the primary hematopoietic organ and a hub in which organismal demands for blood cellular output are systematically monitored. BM tissues are additionally home to a plethora of mature immune cell types, providing functional environments for the activation of immune responses and acting as preferred anatomical reservoirs for cells involved in immunological memory. Stromal cells of the BM microenvironment crucially govern different aspects of organ function, by structuring tissue microanatomy and by directly providing essential regulatory cues to hematopoietic and immune components in distinct niches. Emerging evidence demonstrates that stromal networks are endowed with remarkable functional and structural plasticity. Stress-induced adaptations of stromal cells translate into demand-driven hematopoiesis. Furthermore, aberrations of stromal integrity arising from pathological conditions critically contribute to the dysregulation of BM function. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the alterations that pathogenic infections and ensuing inflammatory conditions elicit on the global topography of the BM microenvironment, the integrity of anatomical niches and cellular interactions, and ultimately, on the regulatory function of diverse stromal subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- YeVin Mun
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Fazio
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - César Nombela Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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4
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Báječný M, Chen CL, Faltusová K, Heizer T, Szikszai K, Páral P, Šefc L, Nečas E. Hematopoiesis Remains Permissive to Bone Marrow Transplantation After Expansion of Progenitors and Resumption of Blood Cell Production. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660617. [PMID: 34414177 PMCID: PMC8369928 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The immense regenerative power of hematopoietic tissue stems from the activation of the immature stem cells and the progenitor cells. After partial damage, hematopoiesis is reconstituted through a period of intense regeneration when blood cell production originates from erythro-myeloid progenitors in the virtual absence of stem cells. Since the damaged hematopoiesis can also be reconstituted from transplanted hematopoietic cells, we asked whether this also leads to the transient state when activated progenitors initially execute blood cell production. We first showed that the early reconstitution of hematopoiesis from transplanted cells gives rise to extended populations of developmentally advanced but altered progenitor cells, similar to those previously identified in the bone marrow regenerating from endogenous cells. We then identified the cells that give rise to these progenitors after transplantation as LSK CD48– cells. In the submyeloablative irradiated host mice, the transplanted LSK CD48– cells preferably colonized the spleen. Unlike the endogenous hematopoiesis reconstituting cells, the transplanted whole bone marrow cells and sorted LSK CD48– cells had greater potential to differentiate to B-lymphopoiesis. Separate transplantation of the CD150– and CD150+ subsets of LSK CD48– cells suggested that CD150– cells had a greater preference to B-lymphopoiesis than CD150+ cells. In the intensively regenerating hematopoiesis, the CD71/Sca-1 plot of immature murine hematopoietic cells revealed that the expanded populations of altered myeloid progenitors were highly variable in the different places of hematopoietic tissues. This high variability is likely caused by the heterogeneity of the hematopoiesis supporting stroma. Lastly, we demonstrate that during the period when active hematopoiesis resumes from transplanted cells, the hematopoietic tissues still remain highly permissive for further engraftment of transplanted cells, particularly the stem cells. Thus, these results provide a rationale for the transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells in successive doses that could be used to boost the transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Báječný
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Faltusová
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Katarína Szikszai
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Páral
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Luděk Šefc
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Emanuel Nečas
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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5
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Caiado F, Pietras EM, Manz MG. Inflammation as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function in disease, aging, and clonal selection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212381. [PMID: 34129016 PMCID: PMC8210622 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily selected defense response to infection or tissue damage that involves activation and consumption of immune cells in order to reestablish and maintain organismal integrity. In this process, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are themselves exposed to inflammatory cues and via proliferation and differentiation, replace mature immune cells in a demand-adapted fashion. Here, we review how major sources of systemic inflammation act on and subsequently shape HSC fate and function. We highlight how lifelong inflammatory exposure contributes to HSC inflamm-aging and selection of premalignant HSC clones. Finally, we explore emerging areas of interest and open questions remaining in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Haltalli MLR, Watcham S, Wilson NK, Eilers K, Lipien A, Ang H, Birch F, Anton SG, Pirillo C, Ruivo N, Vainieri ML, Pospori C, Sinden RE, Luis TC, Langhorne J, Duffy KR, Göttgens B, Blagborough AM, Lo Celso C. Manipulating niche composition limits damage to haematopoietic stem cells during Plasmodium infection. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1399-1410. [PMID: 33230302 PMCID: PMC7611033 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-00601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Severe infections are a major stress on haematopoiesis, where the consequences for haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have only recently started to emerge. HSC function critically depends on the integrity of complex bone marrow (BM) niches; however, what role the BM microenvironment plays in mediating the effects of infection on HSCs remains an open question. Here, using a murine model of malaria and combining single-cell RNA sequencing, mathematical modelling, transplantation assays and intravital microscopy, we show that haematopoiesis is reprogrammed upon infection, whereby the HSC compartment turns over substantially faster than at steady-state and HSC function is drastically affected. Interferon is found to affect both haematopoietic and mesenchymal BM cells and we specifically identify a dramatic loss of osteoblasts and alterations in endothelial cell function. Osteo-active parathyroid hormone treatment abolishes infection-triggered HSC proliferation and-coupled with reactive oxygen species quenching-enables partial rescuing of HSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam L R Haltalli
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel Watcham
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kira Eilers
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Lipien
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Heather Ang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Flora Birch
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Sara Gonzalez Anton
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Chiara Pirillo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicola Ruivo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria L Vainieri
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- AO Research Institute, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Constandina Pospori
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Robert E Sinden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tiago C Luis
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ken R Duffy
- Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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7
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Sezaki M, Hayashi Y, Wang Y, Johansson A, Umemoto T, Takizawa H. Immuno-Modulation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585367. [PMID: 33329562 PMCID: PMC7732516 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifelong blood production is maintained by bone marrow (BM)-residing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are defined by two special properties: multipotency and self-renewal. Since dysregulation of either may lead to a differentiation block or extensive proliferation causing dysplasia or neoplasia, the genomic integrity and cellular function of HSCs must be tightly controlled and preserved by cell-intrinsic programs and cell-extrinsic environmental factors of the BM. The BM had been long regarded an immune-privileged organ shielded from immune insults and inflammation, and was thereby assumed to provide HSCs and immune cells with a protective environment to ensure blood and immune homeostasis. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that hemato-immune challenges such as autoimmunity, inflammation or infection elicit a broad spectrum of immunological reactions in the BM, and in turn, influence the function of HSCs and BM environmental cells. Moreover, in analogy with the emerging concept of “trained immunity”, certain infection-associated stimuli are able to train HSCs and progenitors to produce mature immune cells with enhanced responsiveness to subsequent challenges, and in some cases, form an inflammatory or infectious memory in HSCs themselves. In this review, we will introduce recent findings on HSC and hematopoietic regulation upon exposure to various hemato-immune stimuli and discuss how these challenges can elicit either beneficial or detrimental outcomes on HSCs and the hemato-immune system, as well as their relevance to aging and hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Sezaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Hayashi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engineering, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Division of Functional Structure, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alban Johansson
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engineering, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Terumasa Umemoto
- Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engineering, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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8
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Inflammatory signals have emerged as critical regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Specifically, HSCs are highly responsive to acute changes in systemic inflammation and this influences not only their division rate but also their lineage fate. Identifying how inflammation regulates HSCs and shapes the blood system is crucial to understanding the mechanisms underpinning these processes, as well as potential links between them. Recent Findings A widening array of physiologic and pathologic processes involving heightened inflammation are now recognized to critically affect HSC biology and blood lineage production. Conditions documented to affect HSC function include not only acute and chronic infections but also autoinflammatory conditions, irradiation injury, and physiologic states such as aging and obesity. Summary Recognizing the contexts during which inflammation affects primitive hematopoiesis is essential to improving our understanding of HSC biology and informing new therapeutic interventions against maladaptive hematopoiesis that occurs during inflammatory diseases, infections, and cancer-related disorders.
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9
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Venugopal K, Hentzschel F, Valkiūnas G, Marti M. Plasmodium asexual growth and sexual development in the haematopoietic niche of the host. Nat Rev Microbiol 2020; 18:177-189. [PMID: 31919479 PMCID: PMC7223625 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium spp. parasites are the causative agents of malaria in humans and animals, and they are exceptionally diverse in their morphology and life cycles. They grow and develop in a wide range of host environments, both within blood-feeding mosquitoes, their definitive hosts, and in vertebrates, which are intermediate hosts. This diversity is testament to their exceptional adaptability and poses a major challenge for developing effective strategies to reduce the disease burden and transmission. Following one asexual amplification cycle in the liver, parasites reach high burdens by rounds of asexual replication within red blood cells. A few of these blood-stage parasites make a developmental switch into the sexual stage (or gametocyte), which is essential for transmission. The bone marrow, in particular the haematopoietic niche (in rodents, also the spleen), is a major site of parasite growth and sexual development. This Review focuses on our current understanding of blood-stage parasite development and vascular and tissue sequestration, which is responsible for disease symptoms and complications, and when involving the bone marrow, provides a niche for asexual replication and gametocyte development. Understanding these processes provides an opportunity for novel therapies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Venugopal
- Wellcome Center for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Franziska Hentzschel
- Wellcome Center for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Matthias Marti
- Wellcome Center for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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10
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Batsivari A, Haltalli MLR, Passaro D, Pospori C, Lo Celso C, Bonnet D. Dynamic responses of the haematopoietic stem cell niche to diverse stresses. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:7-17. [PMID: 31907409 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) mainly reside in the bone marrow, where stromal and haematopoietic cells regulate their function. The steady state HSC niche has been extensively studied. In this Review, we focus on how bone marrow microenvironment components respond to different insults including inflammation, malignant haematopoiesis and chemotherapy. We highlight common and unique patterns among multiple cell types and their environment and discuss current limitations in our understanding of this complex and dynamic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoniana Batsivari
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Myriam Luydmila Rachelle Haltalli
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington campus, London, UK
- Lo Celso Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Diana Passaro
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Constandina Pospori
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington campus, London, UK
- Lo Celso Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington campus, London, UK.
- Lo Celso Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK.
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11
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King KY, Huang Y, Nakada D, Goodell MA. Environmental influences on clonal hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2019; 83:66-73. [PMID: 31893524 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has emerged as an important factor linked to adverse health conditions in the elderly. CH is characterized by an overrepresentation of genetically distinct hematopoietic stem cell clones in the peripheral blood. Whereas the genetic mutations that underlie CH have been closely scrutinized, relatively little attention has been paid to the environmental factors that may influence the emergence of one dominant stem cell clone. As there is huge individual variation in latency between acquisition of a genetic mutation and emergence of CH, environmental factors likely play a major role. Indeed, environmental stressors such as inflammation, chemotherapy, and metabolic syndromes are known to affect steady-state hematopoiesis. To date, epidemiologic studies point toward smoking and prior chemotherapy exposure as likely contributors to some forms of CH, though the impact of other environmental factors is also being investigated. Mechanistic studies in murine models indicate that the role of different environmental factors in CH emergence may be highly specific to the mutation that marks each stem cell clone. For instance, recent studies have found that clones with mutations in the PPM1D gene are more resistant to genotoxic stress induced by chemotherapy. These clones thus have a competitive advantage in the setting of chemotherapy, but not in other types of stress. Here we review currently available literature on the interplay between environment and the genetic landscapes in CH and highlight critical areas for future study. Improved understanding of the effects of environmental stress on emergence of CH with mutation-specific clarity will guide future efforts to provide preventive medicine to individuals with CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y King
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Yun Huang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - Daisuke Nakada
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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12
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Fornari C, O'Connor LO, Yates JWT, Cheung SYA, Jodrell DI, Mettetal JT, Collins TA. Understanding Hematological Toxicities Using Mathematical Modeling. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2018; 104:644-654. [PMID: 29604045 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Balancing antitumor efficacy with toxicity is a significant challenge, and drug-induced myelosuppression is a common dose-limiting toxicity of cancer treatments. Mathematical modeling has proven to be a powerful ally in this field, scaling results from animal models to humans, and designing optimized treatment regimens. Here we outline existing mathematical approaches for studying bone marrow toxicity, identify gaps in current understanding, and make future recommendations to advance this vital field of safety research further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fornari
- Safety and ADME Translational Sciences, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - James W T Yates
- DMPK, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Y Amy Cheung
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Duncan I Jodrell
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jerome T Mettetal
- Safety and ADME Translational Sciences, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Teresa A Collins
- Safety and ADME Translational Sciences, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Akinduro O, Weber TS, Ang H, Haltalli MLR, Ruivo N, Duarte D, Rashidi NM, Hawkins ED, Duffy KR, Lo Celso C. Proliferation dynamics of acute myeloid leukaemia and haematopoietic progenitors competing for bone marrow space. Nat Commun 2018; 9:519. [PMID: 29410432 PMCID: PMC5802720 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukaemia progressively invades bone marrow (BM), outcompeting healthy haematopoiesis by mechanisms that are not fully understood. Combining cell number measurements with a short-timescale dual pulse labelling method, we simultaneously determine the proliferation dynamics of primitive haematopoietic compartments and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We observe an unchanging proportion of AML cells entering S phase per hour throughout disease progression, with substantial BM egress at high levels of infiltration. For healthy haematopoiesis, we find haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) make a significant contribution to cell production, but we phenotypically identify a quiescent subpopulation with enhanced engraftment ability. During AML progression, we observe that multipotent progenitors maintain a constant proportion entering S phase per hour, despite a dramatic decrease in the overall population size. Primitive populations are lost from BM with kinetics that are consistent with ousting irrespective of cell cycle state, with the exception of the quiescent HSC subpopulation, which is more resistant to elimination. How leukaemia cells invade the bone marrow by outcompeting haematopoietic cells is still unclear. Here, the authors used detailed cell number measurements in conjunction with a dual pulse labelling method to determine proliferation rates and followed the in vivo dynamics of AML disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Akinduro
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - T S Weber
- Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co Kildare, W23 WK26, Ireland.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - H Ang
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - M L R Haltalli
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - N Ruivo
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - D Duarte
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1A 1AT, UK
| | - N M Rashidi
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - E D Hawkins
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - K R Duffy
- Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co Kildare, W23 WK26, Ireland.
| | - C Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. .,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1A 1AT, UK.
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14
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Bigas A, Waskow C. Blood stem cells: from beginning to end. Development 2017; 143:3429-3433. [PMID: 27702782 DOI: 10.1242/dev.142828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In June 2016, around 200 scientists from all over the world gathered at EMBL headquarters in Heidelberg, Germany to discuss the recent advances in hematopoietic stem cells from three different angles: developmental, adulthood and aging. The meeting, aptly named 'Hematopoietic stem cells: from the embryo to the aging organism' also covered cutting-edge technologies applied to this subject, such as single-cell analysis, reprogramming and imaging. This Meeting review summarizes the exciting work that was presented and covers the main themes that emerged from the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bigas
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Group, Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Regeneration in Hematopoiesis, Institute for Immunology, Technische Universitätt Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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