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Gvoždík L. Individual variation in thermally induced plasticity of metabolic rates: ecological and evolutionary implications for a warming world. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220494. [PMID: 38186270 PMCID: PMC10772608 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is a fundamental property of life providing the energy for all processes and functions within an organism. As it is temperature-dependent, it mediates the effects of changing climate on ectotherm fitness and population dynamics. Though resting metabolic rate is a highly labile trait, part of its variation is individually consistent. Recent findings show that resting metabolic rate contains consistent variation not only in the elevations (intercepts) but also in the slopes of individual thermal dependence curves, challenging the thermal dependence assumption for this trait in several ectotherm taxa. I argue that among-individual variation in thermal metabolic curves represents a previously undetected component of ectotherm response to climate change, potentially affecting their adaptive capacity and population resilience under increasing stochasticity of thermal environment. Future studies need to examine not only the amount of among-individual variation in thermal metabolic curves across phylogenetic contexts but also other aspects concerning its mechanisms and adaptive significance to improve predictions about the impact of climate change on ectotherm population dynamics. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolutionary significance of variation in metabolic rates'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumír Gvoždík
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Bobba-Alves N, Juster RP, Picard M. The energetic cost of allostasis and allostatic load. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 146:105951. [PMID: 36302295 PMCID: PMC10082134 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chronic psychosocial stress increases disease risk and mortality, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we outline an energy-based model for the transduction of chronic stress into disease over time. The energetic model of allostatic load (EMAL) emphasizes the energetic cost of allostasis and allostatic load, where the "load" is the additional energetic burden required to support allostasis and stress-induced energy needs. Living organisms have a limited capacity to consume energy. Overconsumption of energy by allostatic brain-body processes leads to hypermetabolism, defined as excess energy expenditure above the organism's optimum. In turn, hypermetabolism accelerates physiological decline in cells, laboratory animals, and humans, and may drive biological aging. Therefore, we propose that the transition from adaptive allostasis to maladaptive allostatic states, allostatic load, and allostatic overload arises when the added energetic cost of stress competes with longevity-promoting growth, maintenance, and repair. Mechanistically, the energetic restriction of growth, maintenance and repair processes leads to the progressive wear-and-tear of molecular and organ systems. The proposed model makes testable predictions around the physiological, cellular, and sub-cellular energetic mechanisms that transduce chronic stress into disease risk and mortality. We also highlight new avenues to quantify allostatic load and its link to health across the lifespan, via the integration of systemic and cellular energy expenditure measurements together with classic allostatic load biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bobba-Alves
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert-Paul Juster
- Center on Sex⁎Gender, Allostasis, and Resilience, Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center and Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Buttemer WA, Careau V, Chappell MA, Griffith SC. Metabolic rates of aggressive and submissive phenotypes are colour blind in the polymorphic Gouldian finch. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:271176. [PMID: 34346502 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from a number of species suggests that behaviours associated with social rank are positively correlated with metabolic rate. These studies, however, are based on metabolic measurements of isolated individuals, thereby ignoring potential effects of social interactions on metabolic rates. Here, we characterised three pertinent metabolic indices in the two predominant genetic colour morphs of the Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae): diurnal resting metabolic rate (RMR), nocturnal basal metabolic rate (BMR) and exercise-induced maximal metabolic rate (MMR). Research reveals that red-headed morphs consistently dominate the less aggressive black-headed morphs and that the two morphs differ in other behavioural and physiological traits. We measured daytime RMR of intermorph naïve birds (first-year virgin males maintained in total isolation from opposite colour morphs) and their metabolic responses to viewing a socially unfamiliar bird of each colour. Subsequently, each bird was placed in a home cage with an opposite colour morph (intermorph exposed) and the series of measurements was repeated. Daytime RMR was indistinguishable between the two morphs, regardless of whether they were intermorph naïve or intermorph exposed. However, both red- and black-headed birds showed a greater short-term increase in metabolic rate when viewing an unfamiliar red-headed bird than when seeing a black-headed bird, but only when intermorph naïve. Measurements of BMR and exercise-induced MMR did not differ between the two morphs, and consequently, aerobic scope was indistinguishable between them. We propose that the behavioural differences between these two sympatric morphs are functionally complementary and represent evolutionary stable strategies permitting establishment of dominance status in the absence of metabolic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Buttemer
- School of Earth, Atmospheric, and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Vincent Careau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mark A Chappell
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Simon C Griffith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Huang Y, Fu S, Cooke SJ, Xia J. Is repeatability of metabolic rate influenced by social separation? A test with a teleost fish. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20190825. [PMID: 32343938 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rates are typically thought to have important influences on fitness and more broadly be relevant to the ecology and evolution of animals. Previous studies demonstrate that metabolic rates are repeatable to a certain extent under constant conditions, but how social conditions influence the repeatability of metabolic rate remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the repeatability of resting metabolic rate (RMR) in the highly social crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after being socially separated for different time periods relative to control fish that were not socially separated. We found that RMR was repeatable in fish in the control group, while the repeatability of RMR disappeared quickly (even within 7 days) when fish were exposed to social separation. This study is the first to our knowledge to examine the role of social separation for different time periods on the repeatability of intra-individual physiological variation in fish. We highlight that the inter-individual repeatability of metabolic rate can be substantial over time but was eliminated by social separation. The findings indicate that the repeatability of metabolic rate in fish is condition dependent, and that the change in repeatability of metabolic rate should not be overlooked when considering the ecological and evolutionary effects of environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijian Fu
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Jigang Xia
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
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5
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Costly neighbours: Heterospecific competitive interactions increase metabolic rates in dominant species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5177. [PMID: 28701786 PMCID: PMC5507852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy costs of self-maintenance (standard metabolic rate, SMR) vary substantially among individuals within a population. Despite the importance of SMR for understanding life history strategies, ecological sources of SMR variation remain only partially understood. Stress-mediated increases in SMR are common in subordinate individuals within a population, while the direction and magnitude of the SMR shift induced by interspecific competitive interactions is largely unknown. Using laboratory experiments, we examined the influence of con- and heterospecific pairing on SMR, spontaneous activity, and somatic growth rates in the sympatrically living juvenile newts Ichthyosaura alpestris and Lissotriton vulgaris. The experimental pairing had little influence on SMR and growth rates in the smaller species, L. vulgaris. Individuals exposed to con- and heterospecific interactions were more active than individually reared newts. In the larger species, I. alpestris, heterospecific interactions induced SMR to increase beyond values of individually reared counterparts. Individuals from heterospecific pairs and larger conspecifics grew faster than did newts in other groups. The plastic shift in SMR was independent of the variation in growth rate and activity level. These results reveal a new source of individual SMR variation and potential costs of co-occurrence in ecologically similar taxa.
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Treberg JR, Killen SS, MacCormack TJ, Lamarre SG, Enders EC. Estimates of metabolic rate and major constituents of metabolic demand in fishes under field conditions: Methods, proxies, and new perspectives. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 202:10-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Thompson JN, Beauchamp DA. Growth of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss under size-selective pressure limited by seasonal bioenergetic and environmental constraints. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 89:1720-1739. [PMID: 27397641 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Increased freshwater growth of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss improved survival to smolt and adult stages, thus prompting an examination of factors affecting growth during critical periods that influenced survival through subsequent life stages. For three tributaries with contrasting thermal regimes, a bioenergetics model was used to evaluate how feeding rate and energy density of prey influenced seasonal growth and stage-specific survival of juvenile O. mykiss. Sensitivity analysis examined target levels for feeding rate and energy density of prey during the growing season that improved survival to the smolt and adult stages in each tributary. Simulated daily growth was greatest during warmer months (1 July to 30 September), whereas substantial body mass was lost during cooler months (1 December to 31 March). Incremental increases in annual feeding rate or energy density of prey during summer broadened the temperature range at which faster growth occurred and increased the growth of the average juvenile to match those that survived to smolt and adult stages. Survival to later life stages could be improved by increasing feeding rate or energy density of the diet during summer months, when warmer water temperatures accommodated increased growth potential. Higher growth during the summer period in each tributary could improve resiliency during subsequent colder periods that lead to metabolic stress and weight loss. As growth and corresponding survival rates in fresh water are altered by shifting abiotic regimes, it will be increasingly important for fisheries managers to better understand the mechanisms affecting growth limitations in rearing habitats and what measures might maintain or improve growth conditions and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Thompson
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, Washington, 98195, U.S.A
| | - D A Beauchamp
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, Washington, 98195, U.S.A
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Eliason EJ, Farrell AP. Oxygen uptake in Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp.: when ecology and physiology meet. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 88:359-388. [PMID: 26577675 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, a substantial amount of research has examined how cardiorespiratory physiology supports the diverse activities performed throughout the life cycle of Pacific salmon, genus Oncorhynchus. Pioneering experiments emphasized the importance of aerobic scope in setting the functional thermal tolerance for activity in fishes. Variation in routine metabolism can have important performance and fitness consequences as it is related to dominance, aggression, boldness, territoriality, growth rate, postprandial oxygen consumption, life history, season, time of day, availability of shelter and social interactions. Wild fishes must perform many activities simultaneously (e.g. swim, obtain prey, avoid predators, compete, digest and reproduce) and oxygen delivery is allocated among competing organ systems according to the capacity of the heart to deliver blood. For example, salmonids that are simultaneously swimming and digesting trade-off maximum swimming performance in order to support the oxygen demands of digestion. As adult Pacific salmonids cease feeding in the ocean prior to their home migration, endogenous energy reserves and cardiac capacity are primarily partitioned among the demands for swimming upriver, sexual maturation and spawning behaviours. Furthermore, the upriver spawning migration is under strong selection pressure, given that Pacific salmonids are semelparous (single opportunity to spawn). Consequently, these fishes optimize energy expenditures in a number of ways: strong homing, precise migration timing, choosing forward-assist current paths and exploiting the boundary layer to avoid the strong currents in the middle of the river, using energetically efficient swimming speeds, and recovering rapidly from anaerobic swimming. Upon arrival at the spawning ground, remaining energy can be strategically allocated to the various spawning behaviours. Strong fidelity to natal streams has resulted in reproductively isolated populations that appear to be locally adapted physiologically to their specific environmental conditions. Populations with more challenging migrations have enhanced cardiorespiratory performance. Pacific salmonids are able to maintain aerobic scope across the broad range of temperatures encountered historically during their migration; however, climate change-induced river warming has created lethal conditions for many populations, raising conservation concerns. Despite considerable research examining cardiorespiratory physiology in Pacific salmonids over the last 70 years, critical knowledge gaps are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Eliason
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A P Farrell
- Department of Zoology and Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Závorka L, Näslund J, Aldvén D, Höjesjö J, Johnsson JI. Effects of Familiarity and Population Density on Competitive Interactions and Growth: An Experimental Study on a Territorial Salmonid Fish. Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Libor Závorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries; Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Joacim Näslund
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - David Aldvén
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Johan Höjesjö
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jörgen I. Johnsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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Marquardt G, Cross ES, de Sousa AA, Edelstein E, Farnè A, Leszczynski M, Patterson M, Quadflieg S. There or not there? A multidisciplinary review and research agenda on the impact of transparent barriers on human perception, action, and social behavior. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1381. [PMID: 26441756 PMCID: PMC4569749 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Through advances in production and treatment technologies, transparent glass has become an increasingly versatile material and a global hallmark of modern architecture. In the shape of invisible barriers, it defines spaces while simultaneously shaping their lighting, noise, and climate conditions. Despite these unique architectural qualities, little is known regarding the human experience with glass barriers. Is a material that has been described as being simultaneously there and not there from an architectural perspective, actually there and/or not there from perceptual, behavioral, and social points of view? In this article, we review systematic observations and experimental studies that explore the impact of transparent barriers on human cognition and action. In doing so, the importance of empirical and multidisciplinary approaches to inform the use of glass in contemporary architecture is highlighted and key questions for future inquiry are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily S. Cross
- School of Psychology, Bangor UniversityBangor, UK
- Department of Social and Cultural Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alexandra A. de Sousa
- Faculty of Psychology, School of Society, Enterprise, and Environment, Bath Spa UniversitySomerset, UK
| | - Eve Edelstein
- College of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture, University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alessandro Farnè
- ImpAct Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University Claude Bernard Lyon ILyon, France
| | | | - Miles Patterson
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri–St. Louis, St. LouisMO, USA
| | - Susanne Quadflieg
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of BristolBristol, UK
- Division of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu DhabiUAE
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Watz J, Bergman E, Calles O, Enefalk A, Gustafsson S, Hagelin A, Nilsson PA, Norrgard JR, Nyqvist D, Osterling EM, Piccolo JJ, Schneider LD, Greenberg L, Jonsson B. Ice cover alters the behavior and stress level of brown trout Salmo trutta. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rosenfeld J, Van Leeuwen T, Richards J, Allen D. Relationship between growth and standard metabolic rate: measurement artefacts and implications for habitat use and life-history adaptation in salmonids. J Anim Ecol 2014; 84:4-20. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Rosenfeld
- Conservation Science Section; B.C. Ministry of Environment; University of British Columbia; 2202 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Travis Van Leeuwen
- Department of Zoology; University of British Columbia; 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Jeffrey Richards
- Department of Zoology; University of British Columbia; 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - David Allen
- Department of Zoology; University of British Columbia; 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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Killen SS, Marras S, Metcalfe NB, McKenzie DJ, Domenici P. Environmental stressors alter relationships between physiology and behaviour. Trends Ecol Evol 2013; 28:651-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Crispin TS, White CR. Effect of Thermal Acclimation on Organ Mass, Tissue Respiration, and Allometry in Leichhardtian River PrawnsMacrobrachium tolmerum(Riek, 1951). Physiol Biochem Zool 2013; 86:470-81. [DOI: 10.1086/671329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Effect of food abundance on aggressiveness and territory size of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Hoogenboom MO, Armstrong JD, Groothuis TGG, Metcalfe NB. The growth benefits of aggressive behavior vary with individual metabolism and resource predictability. Behav Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ars161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Solomon-Lane TK, Grober MS. Behavioral and physiological responses to central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor in the bluebanded goby (Lythrypnus dalli). Physiol Behav 2012; 106:619-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Stoltz JA, Andrade MCB, Kasumovic MM. Developmental plasticity in metabolic rates reinforces morphological plasticity in response to social cues of sexual selection. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 58:985-990. [PMID: 22626789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Developmental plasticity allows individuals to match their phenotype to the competitive environment they are most likely to encounter. Although there are numerous studies that demonstrate adaptive shifts in life-history and metric traits, we still have a poor understanding of whether internal physiological processes demonstrate plasticity and whether this plasticity supports life-history and metric traits. Here we use the Australian redback spider (Latrodectus hasselti), a species that demonstrates adaptive developmental shifts in response to the availability of females and the density of males, to examine the relationship between the routine metabolic rate (RMR) and the expression of size, body-condition and development rate. We reared immature males in three diet treatments, and in social environments that varied the presence/absence of females and the density of males and measured their RMR, weight, size and developmental rate at maturity. We show that although RMR decreased with decreasing resource abundance, RMR was positively correlated with the density of rivals. Moreover, RMR was not correlated with size or body-condition at maturity. Our results demonstrate that plasticity in the RMR supports plasticity in metric and life-history traits to create an integrated phenotype that matches the competitive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery A Stoltz
- Integrative Behaviour and Neuroscience Group, University of Toronto at Scarborough,1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Borg ÅA, Åsmul T, Bolstad GH, Viken Å, Berglund A, Rosenqvist G. Interactions Among Female Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) Affect Growth and Reproduction. Ethology 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2012.02065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Åsa A. Borg
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Tommy Åsmul
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Geir H. Bolstad
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Åslaug Viken
- The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Uppsala; Sweden
| | - Gunilla Rosenqvist
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
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20
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Segers FHID, Taborsky B. Competition level determines compensatory growth abilities. Behav Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ars013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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The effects of dominance on leadership and energetic gain: a dynamic game between pairs of social foragers. PLoS Comput Biol 2011; 7:e1002252. [PMID: 22028645 PMCID: PMC3197661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although social behaviour can bring many benefits to an individual, there are also costs that may be incurred whenever the members of a social group interact. The formation of dominance hierarchies could offer a means of reducing some of the costs of social interaction, but individuals within the hierarchy may end up paying differing costs dependent upon their position within the hierarchy. These differing interaction costs may therefore influence the behaviour of the group, as subordinate individuals may experience very different benefits and costs to dominants when the group is conducting a given behaviour. Here, a state-dependent dynamic game is described which considers a pair of social foragers where there is a set dominance relationship within the pair. The model considers the case where the subordinate member of the pair pays an interference cost when it and the dominant individual conduct specific pairs of behaviours together. The model demonstrates that if the subordinate individual pays these energetic costs when it interacts with the dominant individual, this has effects upon the behaviour of both subordinate and the dominant individuals. Including interaction costs increases the amount of foraging behaviour both individuals conduct, with the behaviour of the pair being driven by the subordinate individual. The subordinate will tend to be the lighter individual for longer periods of time when interaction costs are imposed. This supports earlier suggestions that lighter individuals should act as the decision-maker within the pair, giving leadership-like behaviours that are based upon energetic state. Pre-existing properties of individuals such as their dominance will be less important for determining which individual makes the decisions for the pair. This suggests that, even with strict behavioural hierarchies, identifying which individual is the dominant one is not sufficient for identifying which one is the leader.
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22
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Killen SS, Marras S, Ryan MR, Domenici P, McKenzie DJ. A relationship between metabolic rate and risk-taking behaviour is revealed during hypoxia in juvenile European sea bass. Funct Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Burton T, Killen SS, Armstrong JD, Metcalfe NB. What causes intraspecific variation in resting metabolic rate and what are its ecological consequences? Proc Biol Sci 2011; 278:3465-73. [PMID: 21957133 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in the energy cost of self-maintenance (resting metabolic rate, RMR) are substantial and the focus of an emerging research area. These differences may influence fitness because self-maintenance is considered as a life-history component along with growth and reproduction. In this review, we ask why do some individuals have two to three times the 'maintenance costs' of conspecifics, and what are the fitness consequences? Using evidence from a range of species, we demonstrate that diverse factors, such as genotypes, maternal effects, early developmental conditions and personality differences contribute to variation in individual RMR. We review evidence that RMR is linked with fitness, showing correlations with traits such as growth and survival. However, these relationships are modulated by environmental conditions (e.g. food supply), suggesting that the fitness consequences of a given RMR may be context-dependent. Then, using empirical examples, we discuss broad-scale reasons why variation in RMR might persist in natural populations, including the role of both spatial and temporal variation in selection pressures and trans-generational effects. To conclude, we discuss experimental approaches that will enable more rigorous examination of the causes and consequences of individual variation in this key physiological trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Burton
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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Clark TD, Sandblom E, Hinch SG, Patterson DA, Frappell PB, Farrell AP. Simultaneous biologging of heart rate and acceleration, and their relationships with energy expenditure in free-swimming sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). J Comp Physiol B 2010; 180:673-84. [PMID: 20063165 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-009-0442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Revised: 12/20/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the physiological status and behaviour of free-swimming fishes remains a challenging task, although great promise stems from techniques such as biologging and biotelemetry. Here, implanted data loggers were used to simultaneously measure heart rate (f (H)), visceral temperature, and a derivation of acceleration in two groups of wild adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) held at two different water speeds (slow and fast). Calibration experiments performed with individual fish in a swim tunnel respirometer generated strong relationships between acceleration, f (H), tail beat frequency and energy expenditure over a wide range of swimming velocities. The regression equations were then used to estimate the overall energy expenditure of the groups of fish held at different water speeds. As expected, fish held at faster water speeds exhibited greater f (H) and acceleration, and correspondingly a higher estimated energy expenditure than fish held at slower water speeds. These estimates were consistent with gross somatic energy density of fish at death, as determined using proximate analyses of a dorsal tissue sample. Heart rate alone and in combination with acceleration, rather than acceleration alone, provided the most accurate proxies for energy expenditure in these studies. Even so, acceleration provided useful information on the behaviour of fish and may itself prove to be a valuable proxy for energy expenditure under different environmental conditions, using a different derivation of the acceleration data, and/or with further calibration experiments. These results strengthen the possibility that biologging or biotelemetry of f (H) and acceleration may be usefully applied to migrating sockeye salmon to monitor physiology and behaviour, and to estimate energy use in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Darren Clark
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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