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Ao T, Liu A, Soko WC, Bi H. Impact of the rearing environment on the metabolism of shrimps and tracing the origins and species of shrimps using specific metabolites. Analyst 2024; 149:2887-2897. [PMID: 38568716 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the link between rearing environmental condition and metabolism was explored. Metabolite fingerprint datasets of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) from three production sites were collected and studied using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and HPLC-MS/MS. Two compounds, benzisothiazolinone and hippuric acid, were identified to be potentially related to pollution in the rearing environment and showed different abundances in the analysed shrimp samples with different origins. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis on three shrimp species, black tiger shrimp, kuruma shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) and sword shrimp (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii), under an identical rearing environment was also conducted. Two compounds, diethanolamine and benzisothiazolinone, potentially linked with pollution in the rearing environment were identified. The present protocol holds promise to be extended to the studies of exploring the relationship between rearing environmental conditions and metabolism. Furthermore, the analysis of single-blind samples was conducted. The results show that specific metabolites can be utilized as markers for tracing the origins of shrimp samples. The present protocol holds potential for application in tracing the origin and species of certain seafoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtala Ao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, 201306 Shanghai, China.
| | - Aolin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, 201306 Shanghai, China.
| | - Winnie C Soko
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, 201306 Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongyan Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, 201306 Shanghai, China.
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Kleiber A, Roy J, Brunet V, Baranek E, Le-Calvez JM, Kerneis T, Batard A, Calvez S, Pineau L, Milla S, Guesdon V, Calandreau L, Colson V. Feeding predictability as a cognitive enrichment protects brain function and physiological status in rainbow trout: a multidisciplinary approach to assess fish welfare. Animal 2024; 18:101081. [PMID: 38335569 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive enrichment is a promising but understudied type of environmental enrichment that aims to stimulate the cognitive abilities of animals by providing them with more opportunities to interact with (namely, to predict events than can occur) and to control their environment. In a previous study, we highlighted that farmed rainbow trout can predict daily feedings after two weeks of conditioning, the highest conditioned response being elicited by the combination of both temporal and signalled predictability. In the present study, we tested the feeding predictability that elicited the highest conditioned response in rainbow trout (both temporal and signalled by bubbles, BUBBLE + TIME treatment) as a cognitive enrichment strategy to improve their welfare. We thus analysed the long-term effects of this feeding predictability condition as compared with an unpredictable feeding condition (RANDOM treatment) on the welfare of rainbow trout, including the markers in the modulation of brain function, through a multidisciplinary approach. To reveal the brain regulatory pathways and networks involved in the long-term effects of feeding predictability, we measured gene markers of cerebral activity and plasticity, neurotransmitter pathways and physiological status of fish (oxidative stress, inflammatory status, cell type and stress status). After almost three months under these predictability conditions of feeding, we found clear evidence of improved welfare in fish from BUBBLE + TIME treatment. Feeding predictability allowed for a food anticipatory activity and resulted in fewer aggressive behaviours, burst of accelerations, and jumps before mealtime. BUBBLE + TIME fish were also less active between meals, which is in line with the observed decreased expression of transcripts related to the dopaminergic system. BUBBLE + TIME fish tented to present fewer eroded dorsal fin and infections to the pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Decreased expression of most of the studied mRNA involved in oxidative stress and immune responses confirm these tendencies else suggesting a strong role of feeding predictability on fish health status and that RANDOM fish may have undergone chronic stress. Fish emotional reactivity while isolated in a novel-tank as measured by fear behaviour and plasma cortisol levels were similar between the two treatments, as well as fish weight and size. To conclude, signalled combined with temporal predictability of feeding appears to be a promising approach of cognitive enrichment to protect brain function via the physiological status of farmed rainbow trout in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kleiber
- JUNIA, Comportement Animal et Systèmes d'Elevage, F-59000 Lille, France; INRAE, LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France; INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Centre Val de Loire UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - J Roy
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - V Brunet
- INRAE, LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - E Baranek
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | | | | | - A Batard
- INRAE, PEIMA, 29450 Sizun, France
| | - S Calvez
- Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - L Pineau
- Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - S Milla
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UR AFPA, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - V Guesdon
- JUNIA, Comportement Animal et Systèmes d'Elevage, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - L Calandreau
- INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Centre Val de Loire UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - V Colson
- INRAE, LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
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3
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Shapouri S, Sharifi A, Folkedal O, Fraser TWK, Vindas MA. Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of buspirone in healthy and depression-like state juvenile salmon. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1285413. [PMID: 38410095 PMCID: PMC10894974 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1285413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A proportion of farmed salmon in seawater show a behaviorally inhibited, growth stunted profile known as a depression-like state (DLS). These DLS fish are characterized by chronically elevated serotonergic signaling and blood plasma cortisol levels and the inability to react further to acute stress, which is suggestive of chronic stress. In this study, we characterize the neuroendocrine profile of growth stunted freshwater parr and confirm that they show a DLS-like neuroendocrine profile with a blunted cortisol response and no serotonergic increase in response to acute stress. Furthermore, we attempted to reverse this DLS-like profile through pharmacological manipulation of the serotonin (5-HT) system with buspirone, an anxiolytic medication that acts as a serotonin receptor agonist (i.e., decreases serotonergic signaling). We found that while buspirone decreases anxiolytic-type behavior in healthy fish, no quantifiable behavioral change was found in DLS-like fish. However, there was a physiological effect of diminished basal serotonergic signaling. This suggests that at the physiological level, buspirone appears to reverse the neuroendocrine DLS profile. With a deeper understanding of what causes DLS profiles and growth stunting in juvenile fish, steps can be taken in terms of husbandry to prevent repeated stressors and the formation of the DLS profile, potentially reducing losses in aquaculture due to chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Shapouri
- Biochemistry and Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway
| | - Aziz Sharifi
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Folkedal
- Animal Welfare, Matre Research Station, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas W. K. Fraser
- Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Matre Research Station, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco A. Vindas
- Biochemistry and Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway
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4
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Ryvkin J, Omesi L, Kim YK, Levi M, Pozeilov H, Barak-Buchris L, Agranovich B, Abramovich I, Gottlieb E, Jacob A, Nässel DR, Heberlein U, Shohat-Ophir G. Failure to mate enhances investment in behaviors that may promote mating reward and impairs the ability to cope with stressors via a subpopulation of Neuropeptide F receptor neurons. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011054. [PMID: 38236837 PMCID: PMC10795991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Living in dynamic environments such as the social domain, where interaction with others determines the reproductive success of individuals, requires the ability to recognize opportunities to obtain natural rewards and cope with challenges that are associated with achieving them. As such, actions that promote survival and reproduction are reinforced by the brain reward system, whereas coping with the challenges associated with obtaining these rewards is mediated by stress-response pathways, the activation of which can impair health and shorten lifespan. While much research has been devoted to understanding mechanisms underlying the way by which natural rewards are processed by the reward system, less attention has been given to the consequences of failure to obtain a desirable reward. As a model system to study the impact of failure to obtain a natural reward, we used the well-established courtship suppression paradigm in Drosophila melanogaster as means to induce repeated failures to obtain sexual reward in male flies. We discovered that beyond the known reduction in courtship actions caused by interaction with non-receptive females, repeated failures to mate induce a stress response characterized by persistent motivation to obtain the sexual reward, reduced male-male social interaction, and enhanced aggression. This frustrative-like state caused by the conflict between high motivation to obtain sexual reward and the inability to fulfill their mating drive impairs the capacity of rejected males to tolerate stressors such as starvation and oxidative stress. We further show that sensitivity to starvation and enhanced social arousal is mediated by the disinhibition of a small population of neurons that express receptors for the fly homologue of neuropeptide Y. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the existence of social stress in flies and offers a framework to study mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between reward, stress, and reproduction in a simple nervous system that is highly amenable to genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ryvkin
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Liora Omesi
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yong-Kyu Kim
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Mali Levi
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hadar Pozeilov
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lital Barak-Buchris
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Bella Agranovich
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avi Jacob
- The Kanbar scientific equipment center. The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dick R. Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrike Heberlein
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Galit Shohat-Ophir
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Nanotechnology Institute, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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5
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Dugré JR, Potvin S. Neural bases of frustration-aggression theory: A multi-domain meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. J Affect Disord 2023; 331:64-76. [PMID: 36924847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early evidence suggests that unexpected non-reward may increase the risk for aggressive behaviors. Despite the growing interest in understanding brain functions that may be implicated in aggressive behaviors, the neural processes underlying such frustrative events remain largely unknown. Furthermore, meta-analytic results have produced discrepant results, potentially due to substantial differences in the definition of anger/aggression constructs. METHODS Therefore, we conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis, using the activation likelihood estimation algorithm, on neuroimaging studies examining reward omission and retaliatory behaviors in healthy subjects. Conjunction analyses were further examined to discover overlapping brain activations across these meta-analytic maps. RESULTS Frustrative non-reward deactivated the orbitofrontal cortex, ventral striatum and posterior cingulate cortex, whereas increased activations were observed in midcingulo-insular regions. Retaliatory behaviors recruited the left fronto-insular and anterior midcingulate cortices, the dorsal caudate and the primary somatosensory cortex. Conjunction analyses revealed that both strongly activated midcingulo-insular regions. LIMITATIONS Spatial overlap between neural correlates of frustration and retaliatory behaviors was conducted using a conjunction analysis. Therefore, neurobiological markers underlying the temporal sequence of the frustration-aggression theory should be interpreted with caution. CONCLUSIONS Nonetheless, our results underscore the role of anterior midcingulate/pre-supplementary motor area and fronto-insular cortex in both frustration and retaliatory behaviors. A neurobiological framework for understanding frustration-based impulsive aggression is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules R Dugré
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada.
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6
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Bennett MS. Five Breakthroughs: A First Approximation of Brain Evolution From Early Bilaterians to Humans. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:693346. [PMID: 34489649 PMCID: PMC8418099 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.693346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retracing the evolutionary steps by which human brains evolved can offer insights into the underlying mechanisms of human brain function as well as the phylogenetic origin of various features of human behavior. To this end, this article presents a model for interpreting the physical and behavioral modifications throughout major milestones in human brain evolution. This model introduces the concept of a "breakthrough" as a useful tool for interpreting suites of brain modifications and the various adaptive behaviors these modifications enabled. This offers a unique view into the ordered steps by which human brains evolved and suggests several unique hypotheses on the mechanisms of human brain function.
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7
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Stressor controllability modulates the stress response in fish. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:48. [PMID: 34348667 PMCID: PMC8336412 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans the stress response is known to be modulated to a great extent by psychological factors, particularly by the predictability and the perceived control that the subject has of the stressor. This psychological dimension of the stress response has also been demonstrated in animals phylogenetically closer to humans (i.e. mammals). However, its occurrence in fish, which represent a divergent vertebrate evolutionary lineage from that of mammals, has not been established yet, and, if present, would indicate a deep evolutionary origin of these mechanisms across vertebrates. Moreover, the fact that psychological modulation of stress is implemented in mammals by a brain cortical top-down inhibitory control over subcortical stress-responsive structures, and the absence of a brain cortex in fish, has been used as an argument against the possibility of psychological stress in fish, with implications for the assessment of fish sentience and welfare. Here, we have investigated the occurrence of psychological stress in fish by assessing how stressor controllability modulates the stress response in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). RESULTS Fish were exposed to either a controllable or an uncontrollable stressor (i.e. possibility or impossibility to escape a signaled stressor). The effect of loss of control (possibility to escape followed by impossibility to escape) was also assessed. Both behavioral and circulating cortisol data indicates that the perception of control reduces the response to the stressor, when compared to the uncontrollable situation. Losing control had the most detrimental effect. The brain activity of the teleost homologues to the sensory cortex (Dld) and hippocampus (Dlv) parallels the uncontrolled and loss of control stressors, respectively, whereas the activity of the lateral septum (Vv) homologue responds in different ways depending on the gene marker of brain activity used. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the psychological modulation of the stress response to be evolutionary conserved across vertebrates, despite being implemented by different brain circuits in mammals (pre-frontal cortex) and fish (Dld-Dlv).
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8
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Bennett MS. What Behavioral Abilities Emerged at Key Milestones in Human Brain Evolution? 13 Hypotheses on the 600-Million-Year Phylogenetic History of Human Intelligence. Front Psychol 2021; 12:685853. [PMID: 34393912 PMCID: PMC8358274 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents 13 hypotheses regarding the specific behavioral abilities that emerged at key milestones during the 600-million-year phylogenetic history from early bilaterians to extant humans. The behavioral, intellectual, and cognitive faculties of humans are complex and varied: we have abilities as diverse as map-based navigation, theory of mind, counterfactual learning, episodic memory, and language. But these faculties, which emerge from the complex human brain, are likely to have evolved from simpler prototypes in the simpler brains of our ancestors. Understanding the order in which behavioral abilities evolved can shed light on how and why our brains evolved. To propose these hypotheses, I review the available data from comparative psychology and evolutionary neuroscience.
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9
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Helland-Riise SH, Vindas MA, Johansen IB, Nadler LE, Weinersmith KL, Hechinger RF, Øverli Ø. Brain-encysting trematodes ( Euhaplorchis californiensis) decrease raphe serotonergic activity in California killifish ( Fundulus parvipinnis). Biol Open 2020; 9:bio049551. [PMID: 32439741 PMCID: PMC7358127 DOI: 10.1242/bio.049551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of brain serotonin (5-HT) signalling is associated with parasite-induced changes in host behaviour, potentially increasing parasite transmission to predatory final hosts. Such alterations could have substantial impact on host physiology and behaviour, as 5-HT serves multiple roles in neuroendocrine regulation. These effects, however, remain insufficiently understood, as parasites have been associated with both increased and decreased serotonergic activity. Here, we investigated effects of trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis metacercariae on post-stress serotonergic activity in the intermediate host California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis). This parasite is associated with conspicuous behaviour and increased predation of killifish by avian end-hosts, as well as inhibition of post-stress raphe 5-HT activity. Until now, laboratory studies have only been able to achieve parasite densities (parasites/unit host body mass) well below those occurring in nature. Using laboratory infections yielding ecologically relevant parasite loads, we show that serotonergic activity indeed decreased with increasing parasite density, an association likely indicating changes in 5-HT neurotransmission while available transmitter stores remain constant. Contrary to most observations in the literature, 5-HT activity increased with body mass in infected fish, indicating that relationships between parasite load and body mass may in many cases be a real underlying factor for physiological correlates of body size. Our results suggest that parasites are capable of influencing brain serotonergic activity, which could have far-reaching effects beyond the neurophysiological parameters investigated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri H Helland-Riise
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407
| | - Marco A Vindas
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407
| | - Ida B Johansen
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407
| | - Lauren E Nadler
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Ryan F Hechinger
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407
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10
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Cerqueira M, Millot S, Felix A, Silva T, Oliveira GA, Oliveira CCV, Rey S, MacKenzie S, Oliveira R. Cognitive appraisal in fish: stressor predictability modulates the physiological and neurobehavioural stress response in sea bass. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192922. [PMID: 32183629 PMCID: PMC7126027 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of cognitive factors in triggering the stress response is well established in humans and mammals (aka cognitive appraisal theory) but very seldom studied in other vertebrate taxa. Predictability is a key factor of the cognitive evaluation of stimuli. In this study, we tested the effects of stressor predictability on behavioral, physiological and neuromolecular responses in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Groups of four fish were exposed to a predictable (signalled) or unpredictable (unsignalled) stressor. Stressor predictability elicited a lower behavioural response and reduced cortisol levels. Using the expression of immediate early genes (c-fos, egr-1, bdnf and npas4) as markers of neuronal activity, we monitored the activity of three sea bass brain regions known to be implicated in stressor appraisal: the dorsomedian telencephalon, Dm (putative homologue of the pallial amygdala); and the dorsal (Dld) and ventral (Dlv) subareas of the dorsolateral telencephalon (putative homologue of the hippocampus). The activity of both the Dm and Dlv significantly responded to stressor predictability, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved role of these two brain regions in information processing related to stressor appraisal. These results indicate that stressor predictability plays a key role in the activation of the stress response in a teleost fish, hence highlighting the role of cognitive processes in fish stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Cerqueira
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - S. Millot
- Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Ifremer, L'Houmeau, France
| | - A. Felix
- ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - G. A. Oliveira
- ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C. C. V. Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - S. Rey
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S. MacKenzie
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - R. Oliveira
- ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research, Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Silva PA, Trigo S, Marques CI, Cardoso GC, Soares MC. Experimental evidence for a role of dopamine in avian personality traits. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb216499. [PMID: 31953366 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.216499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the genetic and physiological bases of behavioural differences among individuals, namely animal personality. One particular dopamine (DA) receptor gene (the dopamine receptor D4 gene) has been used as candidate gene to explain personality differences, but with mixed results. Here, we used an alternative approach, exogenously manipulating the dopaminergic system and testing for effects on personality assays in a social bird species, the common waxbill (Estrilda astrild). We treated birds with agonists and antagonists for DA receptors of both D1 and D2 receptor pathways (the latter includes the D4 receptor) and found that short-term manipulation of DA signalling had an immediate effect on personality-related behaviours. In an assay of social responses (mirror test), manipulation of D2 receptor pathways reduced time spent looking at the social stimulus (mirror image). Blocking D2 receptors reduced motor activity in this social assay, while treatment with a D2 receptor agonist augmented activity in this social assay but reduced activity in a non-social behavioural assay. Also, in the non-social assay, treatment with the D1 receptor antagonist markedly increased time spent at the feeder. These results show distinct and context-specific effects of the dopaminergic pathways on waxbill personality traits. Our results also suggest that experimental manipulation of DA signalling can disrupt a behavioural correlation (more active individuals being less attentive to mirror image) that is habitually observed as part of a behavioural syndrome in waxbills. We discuss our results in the context of animal personality, and the role of the DA system in reward and social behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A Silva
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Sandra Trigo
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Cristiana I Marques
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo C Cardoso
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão 4485-661, Portugal
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marta C Soares
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão 4485-661, Portugal
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12
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Marshall L, McCormick WD, Cooke GM. Perception of the ethical acceptability of live prey feeding to aquatic species kept in captivity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216777. [PMID: 31437256 PMCID: PMC6705797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research into public perceptions of live prey feeding has been focused on terrestrial animals. The reasons for this likely relate to the difficulty humans have in being compassionate to animals who are phylogenetically distantly related. In order to test these assumptions, the general public (two groups; one who had just visited an aquarium; and one group who had just visited a zoo), aquarium professionals in the UK/US and terrestrial zoo animal professionals (UK) were investigated to see how they would differ in their responses when asked about feeding various live aquatic animals to one another. Likert based surveys were used to obtain data face to face and via online social media. Demographics in previous research identified a lower acceptance of live prey feeding by females, however in aquatic animals this was not reflected. Instead, separations in perception were seen to exist between participants dependent on whether they had just visited a zoo or aquarium, or worked with animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Marshall
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford Veterinary School, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Wanda D. McCormick
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health & Society, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gavan M. Cooke
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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13
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Vindas MA, Helland-Riise SH, Nilsson GE, Øverli Ø. Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3792. [PMID: 30846817 PMCID: PMC6405905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent theories in evolutionary medicine have suggested that behavioural outputs associated with depression-like states (DLS) could be an adaptation to unpredictable and precarious situations. In animal models, DLS are often linked to diverse and unpredictable stressors or adverse experiences. Theoretically, there are a range of potential fitness benefits associated with behavioural inhibition (typical to DLS), as opposed to more active/aggressive responses to adverse or uncontrollable events. This stance of evolutionary medicine has to our knowledge not been tested empirically. Here we address a possible key benefit of behavioural inhibition in a comparative model for social stress (territorial rainbow trout). By treating fish with the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, we reversed the behavioural inhibition (i.e. stimulated an increase in activity level) in subordinate fish. During confrontation with a previously unfamiliar larger, aggressive and dominant individual, this increase in activity led to higher amounts of received aggression compared to sham-treated subordinates. This suggests that the behavioural inhibition characterizing animal models of DLS is indeed an effective coping strategy that reduces the risk of injuries in vulnerable social situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Vindas
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Siri H Helland-Riise
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Ghahramani ZN, Timothy M, Varughese J, Sisneros JA, Forlano PM. Dopaminergic neurons are preferentially responsive to advertisement calls and co-active with social behavior network nuclei in sneaker male midshipman fish. Brain Res 2018; 1701:177-188. [PMID: 30217439 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vocal species use acoustic signals to facilitate diverse behaviors such as mate attraction and territorial defense. However, little is known regarding the neural substrates that interpret such divergent conspecific signals. Using the plainfin midshipman fish model, we tested whether specific catecholaminergic (i.e., dopaminergic and noradrenergic) nuclei and nodes of the social behavior network (SBN) are differentially responsive following exposure to playbacks of divergent social signals in sneaker males. We chose sneaker (type II) males since they attempt to steal fertilizations from territorial type I males who use an advertisement call (hum) to attract females yet are also subjected to vocal agonistic behavior (grunts) by type I males. We demonstrate that induction of cFos (an immediate early gene product and proxy for neural activation) in two forebrain dopaminergic nuclei is greater in sneaker males exposed to hums but not grunts compared to ambient noise, suggesting hums preferentially activate these nuclei, further asserting dopamine as an important regulator of social-acoustic behaviors. Moreover, acoustic exposure to social signals with divergent salience engendered contrasting shifts in functional connectivity between dopaminergic nuclei and nodes of the SBN, supporting the idea that interactions between these two circuits may underlie adaptive decision-making related to intraspecific male competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary N Ghahramani
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States; Doctoral Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Miky Timothy
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Joshua Varughese
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Joseph A Sisneros
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Virginia Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Paul M Forlano
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States; Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center (AREAC), Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States; Doctoral Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States; Doctoral Subprogram in Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States; Doctoral Subprogram in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Early life stress induces long-term changes in limbic areas of a teleost fish: the role of catecholamine systems in stress coping. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5638. [PMID: 29618742 PMCID: PMC5884775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) shapes the way individuals cope with future situations. Animals use cognitive flexibility to cope with their ever-changing environment and this is mainly processed in forebrain areas. We investigated the performance of juvenile gilthead seabream, previously subjected to an ELS regime. ELS fish showed overall higher brain catecholaminergic (CA) signalling and lower brain derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and higher cfos expression in region-specific areas. All fish showed a normal cortisol and serotonergic response to acute stress. Brain dopaminergic activity and the expression of the α2Α adrenergic receptor were overall higher in the fish homologue to the lateral septum (Vv), suggesting that the Vv is important in CA system regulation. Interestingly, ELS prevented post-acute stress downregulation of the α2Α receptor in the amygdala homologue (Dm3). There was a lack of post-stress response in the β2 adrenergic receptor expression and a downregulation in bdnf in the Dm3 of ELS fish, which together indicate an allostatic overload in their stress coping ability. ELS fish showed higher neuronal activity (cfos) post-acute stress in the hippocampus homologue (Dlv) and the Dm3. Our results show clear long-term effects on limbic systems of seabream that may compromise their future coping ability to environmental challenges.
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16
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Cognitive appraisal of environmental stimuli induces emotion-like states in fish. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13181. [PMID: 29030568 PMCID: PMC5640617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of emotions in non-human animals has been the focus of debate over the years. Recently, an interest in expanding this debate to non-tetrapod vertebrates and to invertebrates has emerged. Within vertebrates, the study of emotion in teleosts is particularly interesting since they represent a divergent evolutionary radiation from that of tetrapods, and thus they provide an insight into the evolution of the biological mechanisms of emotion. We report that Sea Bream exposed to stimuli that vary according to valence (positive, negative) and salience (predictable, unpredictable) exhibit different behavioural, physiological and neuromolecular states. Since according to the dimensional theory of emotion valence and salience define a two-dimensional affective space, our data can be interpreted as evidence for the occurrence of distinctive affective states in fish corresponding to each the four quadrants of the core affective space. Moreover, the fact that the same stimuli presented in a predictable vs. unpredictable way elicited different behavioural, physiological and neuromolecular states, suggests that stimulus appraisal by the individual, rather than an intrinsic characteristic of the stimulus, has triggered the observed responses. Therefore, our data supports the occurrence of emotion-like states in fish that are regulated by the individual's perception of environmental stimuli.
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17
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Roleira A, Oliveira GA, Lopes JS, Oliveira RF. Audience Effects in Territorial Defense of Male Cichlid Fish Are Associated with Differential Patterns of Activation of the Brain Social Decision-Making Network. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:105. [PMID: 28620286 PMCID: PMC5449763 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals communicate by exchanging signals frequently in the proximity of other conspecifics that may detect and intercept signals not directed to them. There is evidence that the presence of these bystanders modulates the signaling behavior of interacting individuals, a phenomenon that has been named audience effect. Research on the audience effect has predominantly focused on its function rather than on its proximate mechanisms. Here, we have investigated the physiological and neuromolecular correlates of the audience effect in a cichlid fish (Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus). A male was exposed to a territorial intrusion in the presence or absence of a female audience. Results showed that the presence of the female audience increased territorial defense, but elicited a lower androgen and cortisol response to the territorial intrusion. Furthermore, analysis of the expression of immediate early genes, used as markers of neuronal activity, in brain areas belonging to the social decision-making network (SDMN) revealed different patterns of network activity and connectivity across the different social contexts (i.e., audience × intrusion). Overall, these results suggest that socially driven plasticity in the expression of territorial behavior is accommodated in the central nervous system by rapid changes in functional connectivity between nodes of relevant networks (SDMN) rather than by localized changes of activity in specific brain nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Roleira
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA)–Instituto UniversitárioLisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo A. Oliveira
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA)–Instituto UniversitárioLisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeiras, Portugal
| | - João S. Lopes
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA)–Instituto UniversitárioLisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeiras, Portugal
| | - Rui F. Oliveira
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA)–Instituto UniversitárioLisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeiras, Portugal
- Champalimaud FoundationLisbon, Portugal
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18
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Vindas MA, Gorissen M, Höglund E, Flik G, Tronci V, Damsgård B, Thörnqvist PO, Nilsen TO, Winberg S, Øverli Ø, Ebbesson LOE. How do individuals cope with stress? Behavioural, physiological and neuronal differences between proactive and reactive coping styles in fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 220:1524-1532. [PMID: 28167808 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.153213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the use of fish models to study human mental disorders and dysfunctions, knowledge of regional telencephalic responses in non-mammalian vertebrates expressing alternative stress coping styles is poor. As perception of salient stimuli associated with stress coping in mammals is mainly under forebrain limbic control, we tested region-specific forebrain neural (i.e. mRNA abundance and monoamine neurochemistry) and endocrine responses under basal and acute stress conditions for previously characterised proactive and reactive Atlantic salmon. Reactive fish showed a higher degree of the neurogenesis marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and dopamine activity under basal conditions in the proposed hippocampus homologue (Dl) and higher post-stress plasma cortisol levels. Proactive fish displayed higher post-stress serotonergic signalling (i.e. higher serotonergic activity and expression of the 5-HT1A receptor) in the proposed amygdala homologue (Dm), increased expression of the neuroplasticity marker brain-derived neurotropic factor (bdnf) in both Dl and the lateral septum homologue (Vv), as well as increased expression of the corticotropin releasing factor 1 (crf1 ) receptor in the Dl, in line with active coping neuro-profiles reported in the mammalian literature. We present novel evidence of proposed functional equivalences in the fish forebrain with mammalian limbic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Vindas
- Uni Environment, Uni Research AS, Bergen NO-5020, Norway .,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Marnix Gorissen
- Radboud University, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Animal Ecology & Physiology, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Höglund
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Hirtshals DK-9850, Denmark
| | - Gert Flik
- Radboud University, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Animal Ecology & Physiology, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | | | - Børge Damsgård
- The University Centre of Svalbard, Longyearbyen NO-9171, Norway.,Nofima, Tromsø NO-9291, Norway
| | - Per-Ove Thörnqvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Tom O Nilsen
- Uni Environment, Uni Research AS, Bergen NO-5020, Norway
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo NO-0033, Norway
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19
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Feinberg TE, Mallatt J. The nature of primary consciousness. A new synthesis. Conscious Cogn 2016; 43:113-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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20
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Messias JPM, Paula JR, Grutter AS, Bshary R, Soares MC. Dopamine disruption increases negotiation for cooperative interactions in a fish. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20817. [PMID: 26853241 PMCID: PMC4745044 DOI: 10.1038/srep20817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans and other animals use previous experiences to make behavioural decisions, balancing the probabilities of receiving rewards or punishments with alternative actions. The dopaminergic system plays a key role in this assessment: for instance, a decrease in dopamine transmission, which is signalled by the failure of an expected reward, may elicit a distinct behavioural response. Here, we tested the effect of exogenously administered dopaminergic compounds on a cooperative vertebrate's decision-making process, in a natural setting. We show, in the Indo-Pacific bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, that blocking dopamine receptors in the wild induces cleaners to initiate more interactions with and to provide greater amounts of physical contact to their client fish partners. This costly form of tactile stimulation using their fins is typically used to prolong interactions and to reconcile with clients after cheating. Interestingly, client jolt rate, a correlate of cheating by cleaners, remained unaffected. Thus, in low effective dopaminergic transmission conditions cleaners may renegotiate the occurrence and duration of the interaction with a costly offer. Our results provide first evidence for a prominent role of the dopaminergic system in decision-making in the context of cooperation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P. M. Messias
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - José R. Paula
- MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra S. Grutter
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Redouan Bshary
- Université de Neuchâtel, Institut de Biologie, Eco-Ethologie, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Marta C. Soares
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
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21
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Moltesen M, Vindas MA, Winberg S, Ebbesson L, de Lourdes Ruiz-Gomez M, Skov PV, Dabelsteen T, Øverli Ø, Höglund E. Cognitive appraisal of aversive stimulus differs between individuals with contrasting stress coping styles; evidences from selected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) strains. BEHAVIOUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In animals, personality variations in response to stress and energy demands have been established. Cognitive processing of negative stimuli correlates with stress response patterns. Still, the relative contribution of cognitive appraisal or physiological demands to the behavioural output needs to be clarified. In this study we utilized reactive (high-responsive, HR) and proactive (low-responsive, LR) rainbow trout strains to investigate how contrasting reactions to hypoxia are related to individual variation in metabolism and/or cognition. The HR-LR strains did not differ in standard metabolic rate or hypoxia tolerance. HR trout displayed more pronounced avoidance to a signal cue after being conditioned with hypoxia, suggesting that they experienced this stimulus more aversive than LR trout. Together with differences in forebrain c-fos activation patterns in dorsomedial pallium, these results suggest cognitive differences between the strains. These results demonstrate that differences in personality/stress coping style can be related to contrasts in cognition, which are independent of metabolic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moltesen
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, building 3, 4th floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Section for Aquaculture, Institute for Aquatic Resources, Danish Technical University, P.O. Box 101, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark
| | - Marco Antonio Vindas
- Integrative Fish Biology, Uni Research Environment, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7803, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Ebbesson
- Integrative Fish Biology, Uni Research Environment, Uni Research, P.O. Box 7803, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria de Lourdes Ruiz-Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, Instituto Literario Numero 100 Centro, Toluca, C.P. 50000, Mexico
| | - Peter Vilhelm Skov
- Section for Aquaculture, Institute for Aquatic Resources, Danish Technical University, P.O. Box 101, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark
| | - Torben Dabelsteen
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, building 3, 4th floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Erik Höglund
- Section for Aquaculture, Institute for Aquatic Resources, Danish Technical University, P.O. Box 101, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark
- Niva Region South, Norsk institutt for vannforskning, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
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22
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Veroude K, Zhang-James Y, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Bakker MJ, Cormand B, Faraone SV. Genetics of aggressive behavior: An overview. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:3-43. [PMID: 26345359 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) address three types of aggression: frustrative non-reward, defensive aggression and offensive/proactive aggression. This review sought to present the evidence for genetic underpinnings of aggression and to determine to what degree prior studies have examined phenotypes that fit into the RDoC framework. Although the constructs of defensive and offensive aggression have been widely used in the animal genetics literature, the human literature is mostly agnostic with regard to all the RDoC constructs. We know from twin studies that about half the variance in behavior may be explained by genetic risk factors. This is true for both dimensional, trait-like, measures of aggression and categorical definitions of psychopathology. The non-shared environment seems to have a moderate influence with the effects of shared environment being unclear. Human molecular genetic studies of aggression are in an early stage. The most promising candidates are in the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems along with hormonal regulators. Genome-wide association studies have not yet achieved genome-wide significance, but current samples are too small to detect variants having the small effects one would expect for a complex disorder. The strongest molecular evidence for a genetic basis for aggression comes from animal models comparing aggressive and non-aggressive strains or documenting the effects of gene knockouts. Although we have learned much from these prior studies, future studies should improve the measurement of aggression by using a systematic method of measurement such as that proposed by the RDoC initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Veroude
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanli Zhang-James
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.,Departments of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Mireille J Bakker
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.,Departments of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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23
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24
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Fraser TWK, Vindas MA, Fjelldal PG, Winberg S, Thörnqvist PO, Øverli Ø, Skjæraasen JE, Hansen TJ, Mayer I. Increased reactivity and monoamine dysregulation following stress in triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 185:125-31. [PMID: 25882085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Artificial triploid salmonids are sterile and therefore commercially bred to prevent genetic interactions between wild and domestic fish strains. The full biological effects of having an extra chromosome set are largely unknown, but triploids are considered to be more sensitive to sub-optimal environmental conditions and to be stressed by the presence of diploid conspecifics. Brain serotonergic and dopaminergic activity are known to regulate the stress response in vertebrates, but monoamine systems in diploid and triploid fish have yet to be compared. Here we study monoamine neurochemistry in the telencephalon and brain stem of juvenile diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in response to stress (unstressed vs stressed individuals) and holding (separate- vs mixed-ploidy) conditions. Both diploids and triploids showed an increase in serotonergic activity following stress, but the increase was significantly greater in the telencephalon of triploids compared to diploids. Furthermore, while telencephalic dopaminergic activity was significantly increased in diploids following stress, there was no response in triploids. Holding conditions had a significant effect on dopaminergic activity in the brain stem of diploids only, with lower values in mixed- compared to separate-ploidy conditions. These results suggest artificially produced triploids experience increased reactivity and monoaminergic dysregulation following stress that may impede their welfare and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Per Gunnar Fjelldal
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tom Jonny Hansen
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway
| | - Ian Mayer
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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25
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Silva PI, Martins CI, Khan UW, Gjøen HM, Øverli Ø, Höglund E. Stress and fear responses in the teleost pallium. Physiol Behav 2015; 141:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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