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Banik B, Surnar B, Askins BW, Banerjee M, Dhar S. Dual-Targeted Synthetic Nanoparticles for Cardiovascular Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6852-6862. [PMID: 31886643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the world's most aggressive diseases, claiming over 17.5 million lives per year. This disease is usually caused by high amounts of lipoproteins circulating in the blood stream, which leads to plaque formation. Ultimately, these plaques can undergo thrombosis and lead to major heart damage. A major contributor to these vulnerable plaques is macrophage apoptosis. Development of nanovehicles that carry contrast and therapeutic agents to the mitochondria within these macrophages is attractive for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a dual-targeted synthetic nanoparticle (NP) to perform the double duty of diagnosis and therapy in atherosclerosis treatment regime. A library of dual-targeted NPs with an encapsulated iron oxide NP, mito-magneto (MM), with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement capability was elucidated. Relaxivity measurements revealed that there is a substantial enhancement in transverse relaxivities upon the encapsulation of MM inside the dual-targeted NPs, highlighting the MRI contrast-enhancing ability of these NPs. Successful in vivo imaging documenting the distribution of MM-encapsulated dual-targeted NPs in the heart and aorta in mice ensured the diagnostic potential. The presence of mannose receptor targeting ligands and the optimization of the NP composition facilitated its ability to perform therapeutic duty by targeting the macrophages at the plaque. These dual-targeted NPs with the encapsulated MM were able to show therapeutic potential and did not trigger any toxic immunogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabatosh Banik
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Bapurao Surnar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Brett W Askins
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Shanta Dhar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens Georgia 30602 , United States
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Zor F, Selek FN, Orlando G, Williams DF. Biocompatibility in regenerative nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2763-2775. [PMID: 31612774 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatibility is a very common word that is used within biomaterial science and used for description of the interactions between the foreign material and the body. However, the meaning of biocompatibility as well as the mechanisms that collectively constitutes is still unclear. With the advance of nanotechnology, new concerns have been observed related to biocompatibility of these biomaterials. Due to their small size and variability of their physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles' (NP) distribution within the body and interactions with the target cells and tissues are highly variable. Here, we tried to provide an overview about NPs, the concept of biocompatibility and biocompatibility-related issues in nanomedicine and several different NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Zor
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Fatma Nurefsan Selek
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Giuseppe Orlando
- Section of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - David F Williams
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
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Liu Y, Luehmann HP, Detering L, Pressly ED, McGrath AJ, Sultan D, Nguyen A, Grathwohl S, Shokeen M, Zayed M, Gropler RJ, Abendschein D, Hawker CJ, Woodard PK. Assessment of Targeted Nanoparticle Assemblies for Atherosclerosis Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography and Potential for Clinical Translation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15316-15321. [PMID: 30969098 PMCID: PMC6918720 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been assessed in preclinical models of atherosclerosis for detection of plaque complexity and treatment. However, their successful clinical translation has been hampered by less than satisfactory plaque detection and lack of a general strategy for assessing the translational potential of nanoparticles. Herein, nanoparticles based on comb-co-polymer assemblies were synthesized through a modular construction approach with precise control over the conjugation of multiple functional building blocks for in vivo evaluation. This high level of design control also allows physicochemical properties to be varied in a controllable fashion. Through conjugation of c-atrial natriuretic factor (CANF) peptide and radiolabeling with 64Cu, the 64Cu-CANF-comb nanoparticle was assessed for plaque imaging by targeting natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPRC) in a double-injury atherosclerosis model in rabbits. The prolonged blood circulation and enhanced binding capacity of 64Cu-CANF-comb nanoparticles provided sensitive and specific imaging of NPRC overexpressed in atherosclerotic lesions by positron emission tomography at intervals during the progression of the disease. Ex vivo tissue validation using autoradiography and immunostaining on human carotid endarterectomy specimens demonstrated specific binding of 64Cu-CANF-comb to human NPRC receptors. Taken together, this study not only shows the potential of NPRC-targeted 64Cu-CANF-comb nanoparticles for increased sensitivity to an epitope that increases during atherosclerosis plaque development but also provides a useful strategy for the general design and assessment of the translational potential of nanoparticles in cardiovascular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Liu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Hannah P. Luehmann
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Lisa Detering
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Eric D. Pressly
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Deborah Sultan
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Annie Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Susannah Grathwohl
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Monica Shokeen
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Robert J. Gropler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Dana Abendschein
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Pamela K. Woodard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Organ transplantation is a life-saving procedure and the only option for patients with end-organ failure. Immune therapeutics have been key to the success of organ transplantation. However, immune therapeutics are still unable to eliminate graft rejection and their toxicity has been implicated in poorer long-term transplant outcomes. Targeted nanodelivery has the potential to enhance not only the therapeutic index but also the bioavailability of the immune therapeutics. One of the key sites of immune therapeutics delivery is lymph node where the priming of immune cells occur. The focus of this review is on nanomedicine research to develop the targeted delivery of immune therapeutics to lymph nodes for controlling immune activation. RECENT FINDINGS As nanomedicine creates its niche in clinical care, it provides novel immunotherapy platforms for transplant recipients. Draining lymph nodes are the primary loci of immune activation and represent a formidable site for delivery of wide variety of immune therapeutics. There have been relentless efforts to improve the properties of nanomedicines, to have in-depth knowledge of antigen and drug loading, and, finally, to explore various routes of passive and active targeted delivery to lymph nodes. SUMMARY The application of nanotechnology principles in the delivery of immune therapeutics to the lymph node has created enormous excitement as a paradigm shifting approach that enables targeted delivery of a gamut of molecules to achieve a desired immune response. Therefore, innovative strategies that improve their efficacy while reducing their toxicity are among the highest unmet needs in transplantation.
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Parker D, Long NJ, Faulkner S. Challenges for chemistry in molecular imaging. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2017; 375:rsta.2017.0024. [PMID: 29038379 PMCID: PMC5647267 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Stephen Faulkner
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
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