1
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Stirbet A, Guo Y, Lazár D, Govindjee G. From leaf to multiscale models of photosynthesis: applications and challenges for crop improvement. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 161:21-49. [PMID: 38619700 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To keep up with the growth of human population and to circumvent deleterious effects of global climate change, it is essential to enhance crop yield to achieve higher production. Here we review mathematical models of oxygenic photosynthesis that are extensively used, and discuss in depth a subset that accounts for diverse approaches providing solutions to our objective. These include models (1) to study different ways to enhance photosynthesis, such as fine-tuning antenna size, photoprotection and electron transport; (2) to bioengineer carbon metabolism; and (3) to evaluate the interactions between the process of photosynthesis and the seasonal crop dynamics, or those that have included statistical whole-genome prediction methods to quantify the impact of photosynthesis traits on the improvement of crop yield. We conclude by emphasizing that the results obtained in these studies clearly demonstrate that mathematical modelling is a key tool to examine different approaches to improve photosynthesis for better productivity, while effective multiscale crop models, especially those that also include remote sensing data, are indispensable to verify different strategies to obtain maximized crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univesity, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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2
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Xu N, Xu K, Xu Y, Ji D, Wang W, Xie C. Interactions between nitrogen and phosphorus modulate the food quality of the marine crop Pyropia haitanensis (T. J. Chang & B. F. Zheng) N. Kikuchi & M. Miyata (Porphyra haitanensis). Food Chem 2024; 448:138973. [PMID: 38522292 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The quality of Pyropia haitanensis (T. J. Chang & B. F. Zheng) N. Kikuchi & M. Miyata (Porphyra haitanensis) is directly affected by nutrient availability. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic regulatory effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability on P. haitanensis quality is unknown. Here, we performed physiological and multi-omics analyses to reveal the combined effects of N and P on P. haitanensis quality. The pigments accumulated under high N because of increases in N metabolism and porphyrin metabolism, ultimately resulting in intensely colored thalli. High N also promoted amino acid metabolism and inosine 5'-mononucleotide (IMP) synthesis, but inhibited carbohydrates accumulation. This resulted in increased amino acid, IMP and decreased agaro-carrageenan and cellulose contents, thereby improving the nutritional value and taste. Furthermore, high P promoted carbon metabolism and amino acid metabolism.This study provided the basis for elucidating the mechanism behind N and P regulating the seaweed quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China.
| | - Dehua Ji
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China.
| | - Wenlei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China.
| | - Chaotian Xie
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Ningde, China.
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3
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Sun H, Luan G, Ma Y, Lou W, Chen R, Feng D, Zhang S, Sun J, Lu X. Engineered hypermutation adapts cyanobacterial photosynthesis to combined high light and high temperature stress. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1238. [PMID: 36871084 PMCID: PMC9985602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis can be impaired by combined high light and high temperature (HLHT) stress. Obtaining HLHT tolerant photoautotrophs is laborious and time-consuming, and in most cases the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we increase the mutation rates of cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 by three orders of magnitude through combinatory perturbations of the genetic fidelity machinery and cultivation environment. Utilizing the hypermutation system, we isolate Synechococcus mutants with improved HLHT tolerance and identify genome mutations contributing to the adaptation process. A specific mutation located in the upstream non-coding region of the gene encoding a shikimate kinase results in enhanced expression of this gene. Overexpression of the shikimate kinase encoding gene in both Synechococcus and Synechocystis leads to improved HLHT tolerance. Transcriptome analysis indicates that the mutation remodels the photosynthetic chain and metabolism network in Synechococcus. Thus, mutations identified by the hypermutation system are useful for engineering cyanobacteria with improved HLHT tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Luan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yifan Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjing Lou
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rongze Chen
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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4
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Jackson PJ, Hitchcock A, Brindley AA, Dickman MJ, Hunter CN. Absolute quantification of cellular levels of photosynthesis-related proteins in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:219-245. [PMID: 36542271 PMCID: PMC9958174 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying cellular components is a basic and important step for understanding how a cell works, how it responds to environmental changes, and for re-engineering cells to produce valuable metabolites and increased biomass. We quantified proteins in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 given the general importance of cyanobacteria for global photosynthesis, for synthetic biology and biotechnology research, and their ancestral relationship to the chloroplasts of plants. Four mass spectrometry methods were used to quantify cellular components involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoid and bilin pigments, membrane assembly, the light reactions of photosynthesis, fixation of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and hydrogen and sulfur metabolism. Components of biosynthetic pathways, such as those for chlorophyll or for photosystem II assembly, range between 1000 and 10,000 copies per cell, but can be tenfold higher for CO2 fixation enzymes. The most abundant subunits are those for photosystem I, with around 100,000 copies per cell, approximately 2 to fivefold higher than for photosystem II and ATP synthase, and 5-20 fold more than for the cytochrome b6f complex. Disparities between numbers of pathway enzymes, between components of electron transfer chains, and between subunits within complexes indicate possible control points for biosynthetic processes, bioenergetic reactions and for the assembly of multisubunit complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Jackson
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Andrew Hitchcock
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Amanda A Brindley
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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5
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Improving
C
3
photosynthesis by exploiting natural genetic variation:
Hirschfeldia incana
as a model species. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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6
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Wang Z, Yang H, Ma Y, Jiang G, Mei X, Li X, Yang Q, Kan J, Xu Y, Yang T, Lin J, Dong C. WGCNA analysis revealing molecular mechanism that bio-organic fertilizer improves pear fruit quality by increasing sucrose accumulation and reducing citric acid metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1039671. [PMID: 36311108 PMCID: PMC9606799 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1039671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It's been long known that the application of organic fertilizer (OF) and bio-organic fertilizer (BF) which containing beneficial microorganisms to pear trees can both significantly improve fruit quality and yield. In order to reveal the mechanism of BF and OF regulating fruit growth and quality in pear, the effects of BF and OF on the photosynthetic characteristics and the accumulation of major sugars and organic acids of the pear fruit were quantified compared with chemical fertilizer (CF). Additionally, the molecular mechanisms regulating pear fruit development and quality were studied through transcriptome analysis. The three treatments were conducted based on the same amounts of nitrogen supply. The results showed that compared with CF, BF and OF treatments increased the fruit yield, and also significantly improved the photosynthesis efficiency in pear. BF and OF both significantly increased the sucrose content but significantly decreased the fructose and glucose content within the pear fruit. The amount of malic acid was significantly higher in OF treatment. Compared with CF and OF, BF significantly increased the sugar-acid ratio and thus improved the fruit quality. Transcriptome analysis and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the sugar metabolism of fruits applied with the BF was enhanced compared with those applied with CF or OF. More specifically, the expression of SDH (Sorbitol dehydrogenase) was higher in BF, which converts sorbitol into fructose. For both of the OF and BF, the transcript abundance of sugar transporter genes was significantly increased, such as SOT (Sorbitol transporter), SUT14 (Sugar transport 14), UDP-GLUT4 (UDP-glucose transporter 4), UDP-SUT (UDP-sugar transporter), SUC4 (Sucrose transport 4), SUT7 (Sugar transporter 7), SWEET10 and SWEET15 (Bidirectional sugar transporter), which ensures sugar transportation. The genes involved in organic acid metabolism showed decreased transcripts abundance in both BF and OF treatments, such as VAP (Vesicle-associated protein) and cyACO (Cytosolic aconitase), which reduce the conversion from succinate to citric acid, and decrease the conversion from citric acid to malic acid in the TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic Acid cycle) through Pept6 (Oligopeptide transporter). In conclusion, the application of BF and OF improved fruit quality by regulating the expression of sugar and organic acid metabolism-related genes and thus altering the sugar acid metabolism. Both BF and OF promote sucrose accumulation and citric acid degradation in fruits, which may be an important reason for improving pear fruit quality. The possible mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer to improve fruit quality was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanwei Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaofei Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlan Mei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialiang Kan
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangchun Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianjie Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Caixia Dong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Rangan P, Wankhede DP, Subramani R, Chinnusamy V, Malik SK, Baig MJ, Singh K, Henry R. Evolution of an intermediate C 4 photosynthesis in the non-foliar tissues of the Poaceae. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 153:125-134. [PMID: 35648247 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) in plants are abaptive features that have evolved to sustain plant growth in unfavorable environments, especially at low atmospheric carbon levels and high temperatures. Uptake of CO2 and its storage in the aerenchyma tissues of Lycopsids and diurnal acidity fluctuation in aquatic plants during the Palaeozoic era (ca. 300 Ma.) would represent the earliest evolution of a CCM. The CCM parts of the dark reactions of photosynthesis have evolved many times, while the light reactions are conserved across plant lineages. A C4 type CCM, leaf C4 photosynthesis is evolved in the PACMAD clade of the Poaceae family. The evolution of C4 photosynthesis from C3 photosynthesis was an abaptation. Photosynthesis in reproductive tissues of sorghum and maize (PACMAD clade) has been shown to be of a weaker C4 type (high CO2 compensation point, low carbon isotope discrimination, and lack of Rubisco compartmentalization, when compared to the normal C4 types) than that in the leaves (normal C4 type). However, this does not fit well with the character polarity concept from an evolutionary perspective. In a recent model proposed for CCM evolution, the development of a rudimentary CCM prior to the evolution of a more efficient CCM (features contrasting to a weaker C4 type, leading to greater biomass production rate) has been suggested. An intermediate crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) type of CCM (rudimentary) was reported in the genera, Brassia, Coryanthes, Eriopsis, Peristeria, of the orchids (well-known group of plants that display the CAM pathway). Similarly, we propose here the evolution of a rudimentary CCM (C4-like type pathway) in the non-foliar tissues of the Poaceae, prior to the evolution of the C4 pathway as identified in the leaves of the C4 species of the PACMAD clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parimalan Rangan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, PUSA Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | | | - Rajkumar Subramani
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, PUSA Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Surendra K Malik
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, PUSA Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Kuldeep Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, PUSA Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Robert Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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8
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Motto M, Sahay S. Energy plants (crops): potential natural and future designer plants. HANDBOOK OF BIOFUELS 2022:73-114. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822810-4.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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9
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Hussain S, Ulhassan Z, Brestic M, Zivcak M, Allakhverdiev SI, Yang X, Safdar ME, Yang W, Liu W. Photosynthesis research under climate change. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:5-19. [PMID: 34235625 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global population and climate change uncertainties have compelled increased photosynthetic efficiency and yields to ensure food security over the coming decades. Potentially, genetic manipulation and minimization of carbon or energy losses can be ideal to boost photosynthetic efficiency or crop productivity. Despite significant efforts, limited success has been achieved. There is a need for thorough improvement in key photosynthetic limiting factors, such as stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, biochemical capacity combined with Rubisco, the Calvin-Benson cycle, thylakoid membrane electron transport, nonphotochemical quenching, and carbon metabolism or fixation pathways. In addition, the mechanistic basis for the enhancement in photosynthetic adaptation to environmental variables such as light intensity, temperature and elevated CO2 requires further investigation. This review sheds light on strategies to improve plant photosynthesis by targeting these intrinsic photosynthetic limitations and external environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- К.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Xinghong Yang
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, 271018, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Buzdin AV, Patrushev MV, Sverdlov ED. Will Plant Genome Editing Play a Decisive Role in "Quantum-Leap" Improvements in Crop Yield to Feed an Increasing Global Human Population? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1667. [PMID: 34451712 PMCID: PMC8398637 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing scientific evidence demonstrates unprecedented planetary-scale human impacts on the Earth's system with a predicted threat to the existence of the terrestrial biosphere due to population increase, resource depletion, and pollution. Food systems account for 21-34% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Over the past half-century, water and land-use changes have significantly impacted ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, and climate. At the same time, food production is falling behind consumption, and global grain reserves are shrinking. Some predictions suggest that crop yields must approximately double by 2050 to adequately feed an increasing global population without a large expansion of crop area. To achieve this, "quantum-leap" improvements in crop cultivar productivity are needed within very narrow planetary boundaries of permissible environmental perturbations. Strategies for such a "quantum-leap" include mutation breeding and genetic engineering of known crop genome sequences. Synthetic biology makes it possible to synthesize DNA fragments of any desired sequence, and modern bioinformatics tools may hopefully provide an efficient way to identify targets for directed modification of selected genes responsible for known important agronomic traits. CRISPR/Cas9 is a new technology for incorporating seamless directed modifications into genomes; it is being widely investigated for its potential to enhance the efficiency of crop production. We consider the optimism associated with the new genetic technologies in terms of the complexity of most agronomic traits, especially crop yield potential (Yp) limits. We also discuss the possible directions of overcoming these limits and alternative ways of providing humanity with food without transgressing planetary boundaries. In conclusion, we support the long-debated idea that new technologies are unlikely to provide a rapidly growing population with significantly increased crop yield. Instead, we suggest that delicately balanced humane measures to limit its growth and the amount of food consumed per capita are highly desirable for the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Buzdin
- The Laboratory of Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V Patrushev
- Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene D Sverdlov
- Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Lehmann M, Vamvaka E, Torrado A, Jahns P, Dann M, Rosenhammer L, Aziba A, Leister D, Rühle T. Introduction of the Carotenoid Biosynthesis α-Branch Into Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 for Lutein Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699424. [PMID: 34295345 PMCID: PMC8291087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lutein, made by the α-branch of the methyl-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, is one of the most abundant xanthophylls in plants. It is involved in the structural stabilization of light-harvesting complexes, transfer of excitation energy to chlorophylls and photoprotection. In contrast, lutein and the α-branch of the MEP pathway are not present in cyanobacteria. In this study, we genetically engineered the cyanobacterium Synechocystis for the missing MEP α-branch resulting in lutein accumulation. A cassette comprising four Arabidopsis thaliana genes coding for two lycopene cyclases (AtLCYe and AtLCYb) and two hydroxylases (AtCYP97A and AtCYP97C) was introduced into a Synechocystis strain that lacks the endogenous, cyanobacterial lycopene cyclase cruA. The resulting synlut strain showed wild-type growth and only moderate changes in total pigment composition under mixotrophic conditions, indicating that the cruA deficiency can be complemented by Arabidopsis lycopene cyclases leaving the endogenous β-branch intact. A combination of liquid chromatography, UV-Vis detection and mass spectrometry confirmed a low but distinct synthesis of lutein at rates of 4.8 ± 1.5 nmol per liter culture at OD730 (1.03 ± 0.47 mmol mol-1 chlorophyll). In conclusion, synlut provides a suitable platform to study the α-branch of the plastidic MEP pathway and other functions related to lutein in a cyanobacterial host system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lehmann
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Evgenia Vamvaka
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alejandro Torrado
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Jahns
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Dann
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lea Rosenhammer
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Amel Aziba
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thilo Rühle
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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12
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Batista-Silva W, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Martins AO, Zsögön A, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Engineering Improved Photosynthesis in the Era of Synthetic Biology. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100032. [PMID: 33367233 PMCID: PMC7747996 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been given to the enhancement of photosynthesis as a strategy for the optimization of crop productivity. As traditional plant breeding is most likely reaching a plateau, there is a timely need to accelerate improvements in photosynthetic efficiency by means of novel tools and biotechnological solutions. The emerging field of synthetic biology offers the potential for building completely novel pathways in predictable directions and, thus, addresses the global requirements for higher yields expected to occur in the 21st century. Here, we discuss recent advances and current challenges of engineering improved photosynthesis in the era of synthetic biology toward optimized utilization of solar energy and carbon sources to optimize the production of food, fiber, and fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Batista-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Paula da Fonseca-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Agustín Zsögön
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
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13
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Flexas J, Carriquí M. Photosynthesis and photosynthetic efficiencies along the terrestrial plant's phylogeny: lessons for improving crop photosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:964-978. [PMID: 31833133 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the basis of all life on Earth. Surprisingly, until very recently, data on photosynthesis, photosynthetic efficiencies, and photosynthesis limitations in terrestrial land plants other than spermatophytes were very scarce. Here we provide an updated data compilation showing that maximum photosynthesis rates (expressed either on an area or dry mass basis) progressively scale along the land plant's phylogeny, from lowest values in bryophytes to largest in angiosperms. Unexpectedly, both photosynthetic water (WUE) and nitrogen (PNUE) use efficiencies also scale positively through the phylogeny, for which it has been commonly reported that these two efficiencies tend to trade-off between them when comparing different genotypes or a single species subject to different environmental conditions. After providing experimental evidence that these observed trends are mostly due to an increased mesophyll conductance to CO2 - associated with specific anatomical changes - along the phylogeny, we discuss how these findings on a large phylogenetic scale can provide useful information to address potential photosynthetic improvements in crops in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Flexas
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears - Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (UIB-INAGEA), Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
| | - Marc Carriquí
- Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears - Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (UIB-INAGEA), Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 51, 7001, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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14
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Bailey-Serres J, Parker JE, Ainsworth EA, Oldroyd GED, Schroeder JI. Genetic strategies for improving crop yields. Nature 2019; 575:109-118. [PMID: 31695205 PMCID: PMC7024682 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The current trajectory for crop yields is insufficient to nourish the world's population by 20501. Greater and more consistent crop production must be achieved against a backdrop of climatic stress that limits yields, owing to shifts in pests and pathogens, precipitation, heat-waves and other weather extremes. Here we consider the potential of plant sciences to address post-Green Revolution challenges in agriculture and explore emerging strategies for enhancing sustainable crop production and resilience in a changing climate. Accelerated crop improvement must leverage naturally evolved traits and transformative engineering driven by mechanistic understanding, to yield the resilient production systems that are needed to ensure future harvests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Julian I Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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15
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Bailey-Serres J, Parker JE, Ainsworth EA, Oldroyd GED, Schroeder JI. Genetic strategies for improving crop yields. Nature 2019. [PMID: 31695205 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1679-1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The current trajectory for crop yields is insufficient to nourish the world's population by 20501. Greater and more consistent crop production must be achieved against a backdrop of climatic stress that limits yields, owing to shifts in pests and pathogens, precipitation, heat-waves and other weather extremes. Here we consider the potential of plant sciences to address post-Green Revolution challenges in agriculture and explore emerging strategies for enhancing sustainable crop production and resilience in a changing climate. Accelerated crop improvement must leverage naturally evolved traits and transformative engineering driven by mechanistic understanding, to yield the resilient production systems that are needed to ensure future harvests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Julian I Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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16
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Leister D. Genetic Engineering, Synthetic Biology and the Light Reactions of Photosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:778-793. [PMID: 29991483 PMCID: PMC6393809 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Applications of synthetic biology to photosynthesis currently range from exchanging photosynthetic proteins to the utilization of photosynthesis as a source of electrons for entirely unrelated reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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17
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The Multiplanetary Future of Plant Synthetic Biology. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9070348. [PMID: 29996548 PMCID: PMC6071031 DOI: 10.3390/genes9070348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in human space journeys to distant planets and moons has been re-ignited in recent times and there are ongoing plans for sending the first manned missions to Mars in the near future. In addition to generating oxygen, fixing carbon, and recycling waste and water, plants could play a critical role in producing food and biomass feedstock for the microbial manufacture of materials, chemicals, and medicines in long-term interplanetary outposts. However, because life on Earth evolved under the conditions of the terrestrial biosphere, plants will not perform optimally in different planetary habitats. The construction or transportation of plant growth facilities and the availability of resources, such as sunlight and liquid water, may also be limiting factors, and would thus impose additional challenges to efficient farming in an extraterrestrial destination. Using the framework of the forthcoming human missions to Mars, here we discuss a series of bioengineering endeavors that will enable us to take full advantage of plants in the context of a Martian greenhouse. We also propose a roadmap for research on adapting life to Mars and outline our opinion that synthetic biology efforts towards this goal will contribute to solving some of the main agricultural and industrial challenges here on Earth.
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18
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Foyer CH, Ruban AV, Nixon PJ. Photosynthesis solutions to enhance productivity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0374. [PMID: 28808094 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept that photosynthesis is a highly inefficient process in terms of conversion of light energy into biomass is embedded in the literature. It is only in the past decade that the processes limiting photosynthetic efficiency have been understood to an extent that allows a step change in our ability to manipulate light energy assimilation into carbon gain. We can therefore envisage that future increases in the grain yield potential of our major crops may depend largely on increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis. The papers in this issue provide new insights into the nature of current limitations on photosynthesis and identify new targets that can be used for crop improvement, together with information on the impacts of a changing environment on the productivity of photosynthesis on land and in our oceans.This article is part of the themed issue 'Enhancing photosynthesis in crop plants: targets for improvement'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- Centre of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alexander V Ruban
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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19
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Zhang T, Tremblay PL. Hybrid photosynthesis-powering biocatalysts with solar energy captured by inorganic devices. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:249. [PMID: 29093753 PMCID: PMC5663055 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0943-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The biological reduction of CO2 driven by sunlight via photosynthesis is a crucial process for life on earth. However, the conversion efficiency of solar energy to biomass by natural photosynthesis is low. This translates in bioproduction processes relying on natural photosynthesis that are inefficient energetically. Recently, hybrid photosynthetic technologies with the potential of significantly increasing the efficiency of solar energy conversion to products have been developed. In these systems, the reduction of CO2 into biofuels or other chemicals of interest by biocatalysts is driven by solar energy captured with inorganic devices such as photovoltaic cells or photoelectrodes. Here, we explore hybrid photosynthesis and examine the strategies being deployed to improve this biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pier-Luc Tremblay
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
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