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Zhao P, Zhang J, Song W, Qi D, Huang Y, Su Y, Wu R, Zhang L, Zhang S. Incarvine C and its analogues inhibit the formation of cell cytoskeleton by targeting Rac1. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107512. [PMID: 38833990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) has emerged as a key regulator in the treatment of cancer metastasis because of its involvement in the formation of cell plate pseudopods and effects on cell migration. In this study, we found that incarvine C, a natural product isolated from Incarvillea sinensis, and its seven analogues exhibited antitumour activity by inhibiting cell cytoskeleton formation, with moderate cytotoxicity. Accordingly, these compounds inhibited the cytoskeleton-mediated migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, with inhibition rates ranging from 37.30 % to 69.72 % and 51.27 % to 70.90 % in vitro, respectively. Moreover, they induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. A pull-down assay revealed that the interaction between Rac1 and its downstream effector protein PAK1 was inhibited by these compounds and that the compound Ano-6 exhibited substantial activity, with an inhibition rate of more than 90 %. Molecular docking showed that incarvine C and its analogues could bind to the nucleotide-binding pocket of Rac1, maintaining high levels of inactivated Rac1. As Ano-6 exhibited significant activity in vitro, its anti-cancer activity was tested in vivo. Four weeks of oral treatment with Ano-6 was well-tolerated in mice, and it induced a potential anti-tumour response in xenografts of MDA-MB-231 cells. Further studies demonstrated that Ano-6 was enriched in tumour tissues after 2 h of administration and induced an increase in the number of dead tumour cells. In summary, these findings not only reveal the mechanism of incarvine C but also provide a new molecular template for Rac1 inhibitors and identify a promising candidate for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China; Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, 29 Tongren Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Weirong Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Danshi Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yongchun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yudong Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Rumeng Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Shoude Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China; Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, 16 Kunlun Road, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China.
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2
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Haake SM, Rios BL, Pozzi A, Zent R. Integrating integrins with the hallmarks of cancer. Matrix Biol 2024; 130:20-35. [PMID: 38677444 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial cells adhere to a specialized extracellular matrix called the basement membrane which allows them to polarize and form epithelial tissues. The extracellular matrix provides essential physical scaffolding and biochemical and biophysical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation, function, and homeostasis. Epithelial cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (i.e., basement membrane) plays a critical role in organizing epithelial tissues, separating the epithelial cells from the stroma. Epithelial cell detachment from the basement membrane classically results in death, though detachment or invasion through the basement membrane represents a critical step in carcinogenesis. Epithelial cells bind to the extracellular matrix via specialized matrix receptors, including integrins. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that form a mechanical linkage between the extracellular matrix and the intracellular cytoskeleton and are required for anchorage-dependent cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. The role of integrins in the development, growth, and dissemination of multiple types of carcinomas has been investigated by numerous methodologies, which has led to great complexity. To organize this vast array of information, we have utilized the "Hallmarks of Cancer" from Hanahan and Weinberg as a convenient framework to discuss the role of integrins in the pathogenesis of cancers. This review explores this biology and how its complexity has impacted the development of integrin-targeted anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Haake
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Brenda L Rios
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ambra Pozzi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roy Zent
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Liu C, Wang J, Tan Y, Liu C, Qu X, Liu H, Tan M, Deng C, Qin X, Xiang Y. CTNNAL1 promotes the structural integrity of bronchial epithelial cells through the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:753-762. [PMID: 38602002 PMCID: PMC11177105 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Adhesion molecules play critical roles in maintaining the structural integrity of the airway epithelium in airways under stress. Previously, we reported that catenin alpha-like 1 (CTNNAL1) is downregulated in an asthma animal model and upregulated at the edge of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) after ozone stress. In this work, we explore the potential role of CTNNAL1 in the structural adhesion of HBECs and its possible mechanism. We construct a CTNNAL1 ‒/‒ mouse model with CTNNAL1-RNAi recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) in the lung and a CTNNAL1-silencing cell line stably transfected with CTNNAL1-siRNA recombinant plasmids. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining reveals that CTNNAL1 ‒/‒ mice have denuded epithelial cells and structural damage to the airway. Silencing of CTNNAL1 in HBECs inhibits cell proliferation and weakens extracellular matrix adhesion and intercellular adhesion, possibly through the action of the cytoskeleton. We also find that the expressions of the structural adhesion-related molecules E-cadherin, integrin β1, and integrin β4 are significantly decreased in ozone-treated cells than in vector control cells. In addition, our results show that the expression levels of RhoA/ROCK1 are decreased after CTNNAL1 silencing. Treatment with Y27632, a ROCK inhibitor, abolished the expressions of adhesion molecules induced by ozone in CTNNAL1-overexpressing HBECs. Overall, the findings of the present study suggest that CTNNAL1 plays a critical role in maintaining the structural integrity of the airway epithelium under ozone challenge, and is associated with epithelial cytoskeleton dynamics and the expressions of adhesion-related molecules via the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral DiseasesHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410208China
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Yurong Tan
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Meiling Tan
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Changqing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral DiseasesHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410208China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
| | - Yang Xiang
- School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China
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Yang FW, Mai TL, Lin YCJ, Chen YC, Kuo SC, Lin CM, Lee MH, Su JC. Multipathway regulation induced by 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine derivatives against triple-negative breast cancer. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300435. [PMID: 38314850 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) is an effective drug discovery approach by observation of therapeutic effects on disease phenotypes, especially in complex disease systems. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is composed of several complex disease features, including high tumor heterogeneity, high invasive and metastatic potential, and a lack of effective therapeutic targets. Therefore, identifying effective and novel agents through PDD is a current trend in TNBC drug development. In this study, 23 novel small molecules were synthesized using 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine as a pharmacophore. Among these derivatives, GL24 (4m) exhibited the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration value (0.90 µM) in MDA-MB-231 cells. To investigate the tumor-suppressive mechanisms of GL24, transcriptomic analyses were used to detect the perturbation for gene expression upon GL24 treatment. Followed by gene ontology (GO) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, multiple ER stress-dependent tumor suppressive signals were identified, such as unfolded protein response (UPR), p53 pathway, G2/M checkpoint, and E2F targets. Most of the identified pathways triggered by GL24 eventually led to cell-cycle arrest and then to apoptosis. In summary, we developed a novel 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine derivative GL24 with a strong potential for inhibiting TNBC cell growth through ER stress-dependent tumor suppressive signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Lun Mai
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Che Kuo
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Lin
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Su
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Nelson T, Vargas-Hernández S, Freire M, Cheng S, Gustavsson AK. Multimodal illumination platform for 3D single-molecule super-resolution imaging throughout mammalian cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3050-3063. [PMID: 38855669 PMCID: PMC11161355 DOI: 10.1364/boe.521362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule super-resolution imaging is instrumental in investigating cellular architecture and organization at the nanoscale. Achieving precise 3D nanometric localization when imaging structures throughout mammalian cells, which can be multiple microns thick, requires careful selection of the illumination scheme in order to optimize the fluorescence signal to background ratio (SBR). Thus, an optical platform that combines different wide-field illumination schemes for target-specific SBR optimization would facilitate more precise 3D nanoscale studies of a wide range of cellular structures. Here, we demonstrate a versatile multimodal illumination platform that integrates the sectioning and background reduction capabilities of light sheet illumination with homogeneous, flat-field epi- and TIRF illumination. Using primarily commercially available parts, we combine the fast and convenient switching between illumination modalities with point spread function engineering to enable 3D single-molecule super-resolution imaging throughout mammalian cells. For targets directly at the coverslip, the homogenous intensity profile and excellent sectioning of our flat-field TIRF illumination scheme improves single-molecule data quality by providing low fluorescence background and uniform fluorophore blinking kinetics, fluorescence signal, and localization precision across the entire field of view. The increased contrast achieved with LS illumination, when compared with epi-illumination, makes this illumination modality an excellent alternative when imaging targets that extend throughout the cell. We validate our microscopy platform for improved 3D super-resolution imaging by two-color imaging of paxillin - a protein located in the focal adhesion complex - and actin in human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Sofía Vargas-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Institute of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Margareth Freire
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Siyang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Anna-Karin Gustavsson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Institute of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Imaging Sciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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6
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Liu W, Ren Y, Wang T, Wang M, Xu Y, Zhang J, Bi J, Wu Z, Lv Y, Wu R. MFG-E8 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and anoikis resistance to promote the metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176462. [PMID: 38431242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an extremely malignant tumor, and only a few clinical treatment options exist. MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 all play an important role in cancer progression. However, the specific mechanism occurring between MFG-E8, kindlin-2 and the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells remains unelucidated. To unravel the specific mechanism, this study assessed the potential association between MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 as well as the involvement of MFG-E8 in pancreatic cancer using two pancreatic cancer cell lines (MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1). Pancreatic cancer cells were treated with 0, 250, and 500 ng/ml MFG-E8, and the effects of MFG-E8 on the migration, invasion, and anoikis of pancreatic cancer cells were observed. To investigate the role of kindlin-2 in pancreatic cancer, kindlin-2-shRNAi was transfected to knock down its expression level in the two pancreatic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, cilengitide, a receptor blocker of MFG-E8, was used to explore the relationship between MFG-E8, kindlin-2, and pancreatic cancer progression. Our findings demonstrated that MFG-E8 promotes the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and induces cell anoikis resistance in a dose-dependent manner, which was effectively counteracted by cilengitide, a receptor blocker. Additionally, the knockdown of kindlin-2 expression nullified the effect of MFG-E8 on the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Consequently, this study provides insights into the specific mechanism underlying the interplay between MFG-E8 and kindlin-2 in the progression of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuming Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengzhou Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujia Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbin Bi
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang D, Wu W, Zhang W, Feng Q, Zhang Q, Liang H. Nuclear deformation and cell division of single cell on elongated micropatterned substrates fabricated by DMD lithography. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035001. [PMID: 38471164 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Cells sense mechanical signals from the surrounding environment and transmit them to the nucleus through mechanotransduction to regulate cellular behavior. Microcontact printing, which utilizes elastomer stamps, is an effective method for simulating the cellular microenvironment and manipulating cell morphology. However, the conventional fabrication process of silicon masters and elastomer stamps requires complex procedures and specialized equipment, which restricts the widespread application of micropatterning in cell biology and hinders the investigation of the role of cell geometry in regulating cell behavior. In this study, we present an innovative method for convenient resin stamp microfabrication based on digital micromirror device planar lithography. Using this method, we generated a series of patterns ranging from millimeter to micrometer scales and validated their effectiveness in controlling adhesion at both collective and individual cell levels. Additionally, we investigated mechanotransduction and cell behavior on elongated micropatterned substrates. We then examined the effects of cell elongation on cytoskeleton organization, nuclear deformation, focal adhesion formation, traction force generation, nuclear mechanics, and the growth of HeLa cells. Our findings reveal a positive correlation between cell length and mechanotransduction. Interestingly, HeLa cells with moderate length exhibit the highest cell division and proliferation rates. These results highlight the regulatory role of cell elongation in mechanotransduction and its significant impact on cancer cell growth. Furthermore, our methodology for controlling cell adhesion holds the potential for addressing fundamental questions in both cell biology and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyi Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230000, People's Republic of China
- School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
- IAT-Chungu Joint Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing, Anhui Chungu 3D Printing Institute of Intelligent Equipment and Industrial Technology, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
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Schweinitzer S, Kadousaraei MJ, Aydin MS, Mustafa K, Rashad A. Measuring cell proliferation in bioprinting research. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:031001. [PMID: 38518363 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad3700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-like constructs, intended for application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, can be produced by three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of cells in hydrogels. It is essential that the viability and proliferation of the encapsulated cells can be reliably determined. Methods currently used to evaluate cell proliferation, such as quantification of DNA and measurement of metabolic activity, have been developed for application in 2D cultures and might not be suitable for bioinks. In this study, human fibroblasts were either cast or printed in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) or sodium alginate hydrogels and cell proliferation was assessed by AlamarBlue, PicoGreen and visual cell counts. Comparison of data extrapolated from standard curves generated from 2D cultures and 3D hydrogels showed potential inaccuracies. Moreover, there were pronounced discrepancies in cell numbers obtained from these assays; the different bioinks strongly influenced the outcomes. Overall, the results indicate that more than one method should be applied for better assessment of cell proliferation in bioinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Schweinitzer
- Department of Biochemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Center of Translational Oral Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Masoumeh Jahani Kadousaraei
- Center of Translational Oral Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mehmet Serhat Aydin
- Center of Translational Oral Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Center of Translational Oral Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ahmad Rashad
- Center of Translational Oral Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Díaz-López YE, Cázares-Domínguez V, Arenas-Huertero F, Gutierrez-Aguilar R. ETV5 Silencing Produces Mesenchymal to Epithelial Transition in INS-1 (832/13) Cell Line. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:235-243. [PMID: 38335994 DOI: 10.1055/a-2246-4778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
ETV5 has been described to be involved in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) mainly in cancer. It is known that EMT provokes cytoskeleton remodeling, improving cellular migratory, and invasive capabilities. Moreover, overexpression of ETV5 has been correlated to cancer development and this gene has been implicated in cell proliferation. However, little is known about the downregulation of ETV5 expression in a pancreatic cell line and the inverse mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). Therefore, we studied the implications of ETV5 silencing over the phenotype of the insulinoma INS-1 (832/13) cell line and described the MET by partial ETV5 silencing in the INS-1 (832/13) cell line. The downregulation of ETV5 expression was obtained by using ETV5 siRNA in the insulinoma rat cell line, INS-1 (832/13). Then, ETV5 knockdown provoked a MET phenotype observed by crystal violet staining and verified by immunohistochemistry against E-cadherin. Wound healing assay showed no migration, and F-actin stain revealed rearrangement of actin microfilaments. In addition, TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 were downregulated in the absence of ETV5. ETV5 silencing induces epithelial phenotype by downregulating TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 in INS-1 (832/13) cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Efrén Díaz-López
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vicenta Cázares-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutierrez-Aguilar
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Yang Y, Zhou M, Huang Y, Ye X, Mo Y, Huang Y, Wang S. LCP1-mediated cytoskeleton alterations involve in arsenite-triggered malignant phenotype of human immortalized prostate stromal cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114548. [PMID: 38417537 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The connection between continuous arsenic exposure and prostate cancer is already established. However, the exact mechanisms of arsenic tumorigenesis are far from clear. Here, we employed human prostate stromal immortalized cells (WPMY-1) continuous exposure to 1 and 2 μM arsenite for 29 weeks to identify the malignant phenotype and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. As expected, continuous low-dose arsenite exposure led to the malignant phenotype of WPMY-1 cells. Quantitative proteomics identified 517 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which the most remarkably changed proteins (such as LCP1 and DDX58, etc.) and the bioinformatic analysis were focused on the regulation of cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration. Further, cell experiments showed that continuous arsenite exposure altered cytoskeleton structure, enhanced cell adhesive capability, and raised the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATM, p-ATM, p-ERK1/2, and LCP1 proteins. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment antagonized the increase of LCP1 proteins, and LCP1 knockdown partially restored F-actin organization caused by arsenic. Overall, the results demonstrated that ROS-ATM-ERK1/2 signaling pathway was involved in the activation of LCP1, leading to cytoskeleton alterations. These alterations are believed to play a significant role in arsenite-triggered tumor microenvironment cell-acquired malignant phenotype, which could provide potential biomarkers with therapeutic implications for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Yang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Menghan Zhou
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yurun Huang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaotong Ye
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yingxi Mo
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China.
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11
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Nelson T, Vargas-Hernández S, freire M, Cheng S, Gustavsson AK. Multimodal illumination platform for 3D single-molecule super-resolution imaging throughout mammalian cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.08.579549. [PMID: 38405960 PMCID: PMC10888752 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.08.579549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule super-resolution imaging is instrumental for investigating cellular architecture and organization at the nanoscale. Achieving precise 3D nanometric localization when imaging structures throughout mammalian cells, which can be multiple microns thick, requires careful selection of the illumination scheme in order to optimize the fluorescence signal to background ratio (SBR). Thus, an optical platform that combines different wide-field illumination schemes for target-specific SBR optimization would facilitate more precise, 3D nanoscale studies of a wide range of cellular structures. Here we demonstrate a versatile multimodal illumination platform that integrates the sectioning and background reduction capabilities of light sheet illumination with homogeneous, flat-field epi-and TIRF illumination. Using primarily commercially available parts, we combine the fast and convenient switching between illumination modalities with point spread function engineering to enable 3D single-molecule super-resolution imaging throughout mammalian cells. For targets directly at the coverslip, the homogenous intensity profile and excellent sectioning of our flat-field TIRF illumination scheme improves single-molecule data quality by providing low fluorescence background and uniform fluorophore blinking kinetics, fluorescence signal, and localization precision across the entire field of view. The increased contrast achieved with LS illumination, when compared with epi-illumination, makes this illumination modality an excellent alternative when imaging targets that extend throughout the cell. We validate our microscopy platform for improved 3D super-resolution imaging by two-color imaging of paxillin - a protein located in the focal adhesion complex - and actin in human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Sofía Vargas-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Institute of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Margareth freire
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Siyang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Anna-Karin Gustavsson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Institute of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Imaging Sciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12
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Djakbarova U, Madraki Y, Chan ET, Wu T, Atreaga-Muniz V, Akatay AA, Kural C. Tension-induced adhesion mode switching: the interplay between focal adhesions and clathrin-containing adhesion complexes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.07.579324. [PMID: 38370749 PMCID: PMC10871318 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.07.579324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Integrin-based adhesion complexes are crucial in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and motility. While the dynamics of canonical focal adhesion complexes (FAs) have been extensively studied, the regulation and physiological implications of the recently identified clathrin-containing adhesion complexes (CCACs) are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal mechanoregulations of FAs and CCACs in a breast cancer model. Employing single-molecule force spectroscopy coupled with live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we discovered that FAs and CCACs are mutually exclusive and inversely regulated complexes. This regulation is orchestrated through the modulation of plasma membrane tension, in combination with distinct modes of actomyosin contractility that can either synergize with or counteract this modulation. Our findings indicate that increased membrane tension promotes the association of CCACs at integrin αVβ5 adhesion sites, leading to decreased cancer cell proliferation, spreading, and migration. Conversely, lower membrane tension promotes the formation of FAs, which correlates with the softer membranes observed in cancer cells, thus potentially facilitating cancer progression. Our research provides novel insights into the biomechanical regulation of CCACs and FAs, revealing their critical and contrasting roles in modulating cancer cell progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umida Djakbarova
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yasaman Madraki
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Emily T. Chan
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tianyao Wu
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - A. Ata Akatay
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Comert Kural
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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13
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Jones RA, Trejo B, Sil P, Little KA, Pasolli HA, Joyce B, Posfai E, Devenport D. An mTurq2-Col4a1 mouse model allows for live visualization of mammalian basement membrane development. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202309074. [PMID: 38051393 PMCID: PMC10697824 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Basement membranes (BMs) are specialized sheets of extracellular matrix that underlie epithelial and endothelial tissues. BMs regulate the traffic of cells and molecules between compartments, and participate in signaling, cell migration, and organogenesis. The dynamics of mammalian BMs, however, are poorly understood, largely due to a lack of models in which core BM components are endogenously labeled. Here, we describe the mTurquoise2-Col4a1 mouse in which we fluorescently tag collagen IV, the main component of BMs. Using an innovative planar-sagittal live imaging technique to visualize the BM of developing skin, we directly observe BM deformation during hair follicle budding and basal progenitor cell divisions. The BM's inherent pliability enables dividing cells to remain attached to and deform the BM, rather than lose adhesion as generally thought. Using FRAP, we show BM collagen IV is extremely stable, even during periods of rapid epidermal growth. These findings demonstrate the utility of the mTurq2-Col4a1 mouse to shed new light on mammalian BM developmental dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Jones
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brandon Trejo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Parijat Sil
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - H. Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradley Joyce
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Eszter Posfai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Danelle Devenport
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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14
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Wang X, Yang T, Shi S, Xu C, Wang F, Dai D, Guan G, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wang J, Zhang B, Liu P, Bai X, Jin Y, Li X, Zhu C, Chen D, Xu Q, Guo Y. Heterogeneity-induced NGF-NGFR communication inefficiency promotes mitotic spindle disorganization in exhausted T cells through PREX1 suppression to impair the anti-tumor immunotherapy with PD-1 mAb in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6736. [PMID: 38204220 PMCID: PMC10905245 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of decreased T cells infiltrating tumor tissues in hepatocellular carcinoma is poorly understood. METHODS Cells were separated from the single-cell RNA-sequence dataset of hepatocellular carcinoma patients (GSE149614) for cell-cell communication. Flow cytometry, EDU staining, H3-Ser28 staining, confocal immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and naked microsubcutaneous tumors were performed for the mechanism of NGF-NGFR promoting proliferation. RESULTS The present study has revealed that during the process of T-cell infiltration from adjacent tissues to tumor tissues, an inefficiency in NGF-NGFR communication occurs in the tumor tissues. Importantly, NGF secreted by tumor cells interacts with NGFR present on the membranes of the infiltrated T cells, thereby promoting the proliferation through the activation of mitotic spindle signals. Mechanistically, the mediation of mitotic spindle signal activation promoting proliferation is executed by HDAC1-mediated inhibition of unclear trans-localization of PREX1. Furthermore, PD-1 mAb acts synergistically with the NGF-NGFR communication to suppress tumor progression in both mouse models and HCC patients. Additionally, NGF-NGFR communication was positively correlates with the PD-1/PDL-1 expression. However, expressions of NGF and NGFR are low in tumor tissues, which is responsible for the invasive clinicopathological features and the disappointing prognosis in HCC patients. CONCLUSION Inefficiency in NGF-NGFR communication impairs PD-1 mAb immunotherapy and could thus be utilized as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of HCC patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Tongwang Yang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Academician WorkstationChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical PreparationsChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shangheng Shi
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Chuanshen Xu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Feng Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Deshu Dai
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ge Guan
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yong Zhang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Bingliang Zhang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaoshuai Bai
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yan Jin
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xinqiang Li
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Cunle Zhu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Dexi Chen
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Beijing Institute of HepatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Academician WorkstationChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yuan Guo
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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15
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Jones MJ, Jones MC. Cell cycle control by cell-matrix interactions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 86:102288. [PMID: 38056140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is required for normal cell cycle progression and accurate cell division. However, how cell adhesion to the wide range of ECM proteins found in human tissues influences the cell cycle is not fully understood. The composition and physical properties of the ECM can have profound effects on cell proliferation but can also promote cell cycle exit and quiescence. Furthermore, during tumor development and progression, changes in the ECM can drive both cancer cell proliferation and dormancy. Cell-matrix adhesion is primarily sensed via integrin-associated adhesion complexes, which in turn are regulated by the cell cycle machinery. In particular, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) has been shown to play a crucial role in regulating adhesion complexes during interphase and entry into mitosis. These reciprocal links between cell cycle progression and cell-matrix interactions are now being identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Jones
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Jones
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, United Kingdom.
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16
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Soni N, Bacete L. The interplay between cell wall integrity and cell cycle progression in plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:367-382. [PMID: 38091166 PMCID: PMC10730644 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are dynamic structures that play crucial roles in growth, development, and stress responses. Despite our growing understanding of cell wall biology, the connections between cell wall integrity (CWI) and cell cycle progression in plants remain poorly understood. This review aims to explore the intricate relationship between CWI and cell cycle progression in plants, drawing insights from studies in yeast and mammals. We provide an overview of the plant cell cycle, highlight the role of endoreplication in cell wall composition, and discuss recent findings on the molecular mechanisms linking CWI perception to cell wall biosynthesis and gene expression regulation. Furthermore, we address future perspectives and unanswered questions in the field, such as the identification of specific CWI sensing mechanisms and the role of CWI maintenance in the growth-defense trade-off. Elucidating these connections could have significant implications for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Soni
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Laura Bacete
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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17
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Grego-Bessa J, Gómez-Apiñaniz P, Prados B, Gómez MJ, MacGrogan D, de la Pompa JL. Nrg1 Regulates Cardiomyocyte Migration and Cell Cycle in Ventricular Development. Circ Res 2023; 133:927-943. [PMID: 37846569 PMCID: PMC10631509 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac ventricles provide the contractile force of the beating heart throughout life. How the primitive endocardium-layered myocardial projections called trabeculae form and mature into the adult ventricles is of great interest for biology and regenerative medicine. Trabeculation is dependent on the signaling protein Nrg1 (neuregulin-1). However, the mechanism of action of Nrg1 and its role in ventricular wall maturation are poorly understood. METHODS We investigated the functions and downstream mechanisms of Nrg1 signaling during ventricular chamber development using confocal imaging, transcriptomics, and biochemical approaches in mice with cardiac-specific inactivation or overexpression of Nrg1. RESULTS Analysis of cardiac-specific Nrg1 mutant mice showed that the transcriptional program underlying cardiomyocyte-oriented cell division and trabeculae formation depends on endocardial Nrg1 to myocardial ErbB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2) signaling and phospho-Erk (phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; pErk) activation. Early endothelial loss of Nrg1 and reduced pErk activation diminished cardiomyocyte Pard3 and Crumbs2 (Crumbs Cell Polarity Complex Component 2) protein and altered cytoskeletal gene expression and organization. These alterations are associated with abnormal gene expression related to mitotic spindle organization and a shift in cardiomyocyte division orientation. Nrg1 is crucial for trabecular growth and ventricular wall thickening by regulating an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like process in cardiomyocytes involving migration, adhesion, cytoskeletal actin turnover, and timely progression through the cell cycle G2/M phase. Ectopic cardiac Nrg1 overexpression and high pErk signaling caused S-phase arrest, sustained high epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like gene expression, and prolonged trabeculation, blocking compact myocardium maturation. Myocardial trabecular patterning alterations resulting from above- or below-normal Nrg1-dependent pErk activation were concomitant with sarcomere actin cytoskeleton disorganization. The Nrg1 loss- and gain-of-function transcriptomes were enriched for Yap1 (yes-associated protein-1) gene signatures, identifying Yap1 as a potential downstream effector. Furthermore, biochemical and imaging data reveal that Nrg1 influences pErk activation and Yap1 nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution during trabeculation. CONCLUSIONS These data establish the Nrg1-ErbB2/ErbB4-Erk axis as a crucial regulator of cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression and migration during ventricular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Grego-Bessa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Paula Gómez-Apiñaniz
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Belén Prados
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | | | - Donal MacGrogan
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (J.G.-B., P.G.-A., B.P., D.M., J.L.d.l.P.)
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18
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Martin HL, Turner AL, Higgins J, Tang AA, Tiede C, Taylor T, Siripanthong S, Adams TL, Manfield IW, Bell SM, Morrison EE, Bond J, Trinh CH, Hurst CD, Knowles MA, Bayliss RW, Tomlinson DC. Affimer-mediated locking of p21-activated kinase 5 in an intermediate activation state results in kinase inhibition. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113184. [PMID: 37776520 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinases are important therapeutic targets, and their inhibitors are classified according to their mechanism of action, which range from blocking ATP binding to covalent inhibition. Here, a mechanism of inhibition is highlighted by capturing p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) in an intermediate state of activation using an Affimer reagent that binds in the P+1 pocket. PAK5 was identified from a non-hypothesis-driven high-content imaging RNAi screen in urothelial cancer cells. Silencing of PAK5 resulted in reduced cell number, G1/S arrest, and enlargement of cells, suggesting it to be important in urothelial cancer cell line survival and proliferation. Affimer reagents were isolated to identify mechanisms of inhibition. The Affimer PAK5-Af17 recapitulated the phenotype seen with siRNA. Co-crystallization revealed that PAK5-Af17 bound in the P+1 pocket of PAK5, locking the kinase into a partial activation state. This mechanism of inhibition indicates that another class of kinase inhibitors is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Martin
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amy L Turner
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Julie Higgins
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Anna A Tang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christian Tiede
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas Taylor
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sitthinon Siripanthong
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas L Adams
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Iain W Manfield
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sandra M Bell
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ewan E Morrison
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Jacquelyn Bond
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Chi H Trinh
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Carolyn D Hurst
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Margaret A Knowles
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Richard W Bayliss
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Darren C Tomlinson
- BioScreening Technology Group, Leeds Institutes of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Monteiro N, Fangueiro J, Reis R, Neves N. Replication of natural surface topographies to generate advanced cell culture substrates. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:337-347. [PMID: 37519922 PMCID: PMC10382971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface topographies of cell culture substrates can be used to generate in vitro cell culture environments similar to the in vivo cell niches. In vivo, the physical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as its topography, provide physical cues that play an important role in modulating cell function. Mimicking these properties remains a challenge to provide in vitro realistic environments for cells. Artificially generated substrates' topographies were used extensively to explore this important surface cue. More recently, the replication of natural surface topographies has been enabling to exploration of characteristics such as hierarchy and size scales relevant for cells as advanced biomimetic substrates. These substrates offer more realistic and mimetic environments regarding the topographies found in vivo. This review will highlight the use of natural surface topographies as a template to generate substrates for in-vitro cell culture. This review starts with an analysis of the main cell functions that can be regulated by the substrate's surface topography through cell-substrate interactions. Then, we will discuss research works wherein substrates for cell biology decorated with natural surface topographies were used and investigated regarding their influence on cellular performance. At the end of this review, we will highlight the advantages and challenges of the use of natural surface topographies as a template for the generation of advanced substrates for cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.O. Monteiro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J.F. Fangueiro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - R.L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N.M. Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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20
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Tian X, Jia Y, Guo Y, Liu H, Cai X, Li Y, Tian Z, Sun C. Fibroblast growth factor 2 acts as an upstream regulator of inhibition of pulmonary fibroblast activation. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1895-1909. [PMID: 37583315 PMCID: PMC10549223 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays a crucial role in lung development and repair. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) can inhibit fibrotic gene expression and suppress the differentiation of pulmonary fibroblasts (PFs) into myofibroblasts in vitro, suggesting that FGF2 is a potential target for inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis. To gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanism underlying FGF2-mediated regulation of PFs, we performed mRNA sequencing analysis to systematically and globally uncover the regulated genes and biological functions of FGF2 in PFs. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes regulated by FGF2 were enriched in multiple cellular functions including extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cytoskeleton formation, β-catenin-independent Wnt signaling pathway, supramolecular fiber organization, epithelial cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and cellular experiments confirmed that FGF2 can suppress ECM and actin filament organization and increase PFs proliferation. Taken together, these findings indicate that FGF2 acts as an upstream regulator of the inhibition of PFs activation and may play a regulatory role in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqin Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yonglong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated HospitalXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Hongyin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xinhua Cai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolUK
| | - Zhuangzhuang Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Changye Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
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21
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Jones RA, Trejo B, Sil P, Little KA, Pasolli HA, Joyce B, Posfai E, Devenport D. A Window into Mammalian Basement Membrane Development: Insights from the mTurq2-Col4a1 Mouse Model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559396. [PMID: 37808687 PMCID: PMC10557719 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Basement membranes (BMs) are specialized sheets of extracellular matrix that underlie epithelial and endothelial tissues. BMs regulate traffic of cells and molecules between compartments, and participate in signaling, cell migration and organogenesis. The dynamics of mammalian BMs, however, are poorly understood, largely due to a lack of models in which core BM components are endogenously labelled. Here, we describe the mTurquoise2-Col4a1 mouse, in which we fluorescently tag collagen IV, the main component of BMs. Using an innovative Planar-Sagittal live imaging technique to visualize the BM of developing skin, we directly observe BM deformation during hair follicle budding and basal progenitor cell divisions. The BM's inherent pliability enables dividing cells to remain attached to and deform the BM, rather than lose adhesion as generally thought. Using FRAP, we show BM collagen IV is extremely stable, even during periods of rapid epidermal growth. These findings demonstrate the utility of the mTurq2-Col4a1 mouse to shed new light on mammalian BM developmental dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Jones
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Brandon Trejo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Parijat Sil
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Katherine A Little
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - H Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10065
| | - Bradley Joyce
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Eszter Posfai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Danelle Devenport
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
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22
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Cloutier G, Seltana A, Fallah S, Beaulieu JF. Integrin α7β1 represses intestinal absorptive cell differentiation. Exp Cell Res 2023; 430:113723. [PMID: 37499931 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cell differentiation is a highly controlled and orderly process occurring in the crypt so that cells migrating out to cover the villi are already fully functional. Absorptive cell precursors, which originate from the stem cell population located in the lower third of the crypt, are subject to several cycles of amplification in the transit amplifying (TA) zone, before reaching the terminal differentiation compartment located in the upper third. There is a large body of evidence that absorptive cell differentiation is halted in the TA zone through various epigenetic, transcriptional and intracellular signalling events or mechanisms allowing the transient expansion of this cell population but how these mechanisms are themself regulated remains obscure. One clue can be found in the epithelial cell-matrix microenvironment located all along the crypt-villus axis. Indeed, a previous study from our group revealed that α5-subunit containing laminins such as lamimin-511 and 512 inhibit early stages of differentiation in Caco-2/15 cells. Among potential receptors for laminin 511/512 is the integrin α7β1, which has previously been reported to be expressed in the human intestinal crypts and in early stages of Caco-2/15 cell differentiation. In this study, the effects of knocking down ITGA7 in Caco-2/15 cells were studied using shRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 strategies. Abolition of the α7 integrin subunit resulted in a significant increase in the level of differentiation and polarization markers as well as the morphological features of intestinal cells. Activities of focal adhesion kinase and Src kinase were both reduced in α7-knockdown cells while the three major intestinal pro-differentiation factors CDX2, HNFα1 and HNF4α were overexpressed. Two epigenetic events associated with intestinal differentiation, the reduction of tri-methylated lysine 27 on histone H3 and the increase of acetylation of histone H4 were also observed in α7-knockdown cells. On the other hand, the ablation of α7 had no effect on cell proliferation. In conclusion, these data indicate that integrin α7β1 acts as a major repressor of absorptive cell terminal differentiation in the Caco-2/15 cell model and suggest that the laminin-α7β1 integrin interaction occurring in the transit amplifying zone of the adult intestine is involved in the transient halting of absorptive cell terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cloutier
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Amira Seltana
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Sepideh Fallah
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada.
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23
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Chu Z, Zhu M, Luo Y, Hu Y, Feng X, Wang H, Sunagawa M, Liu Y. PTBP1 plays an important role in the development of gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:195. [PMID: 37670313 PMCID: PMC10478210 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) has been found to play an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. At present, the role of PTBP1 in gastric cancer (GC) is still unknown and worthy of further investigation. METHODS We used bioinformatics to analyze the expression of PTBP1 in patients with GC. Cell proliferation related experiments were used to detect cell proliferation after PTBP1 knockdown. Skeleton staining, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the changes of actin skeleton. Proliferation and actin skeleton remodeling signaling pathways were detected by Western Blots. The relationship between PTBP1 and proliferation of gastric cancer cells was further detected by subcutaneous tumor transplantation. Finally, tissue microarray data from clinical samples were used to further explore the expression of PTBP1 in patients with gastric cancer and its correlation with prognosis. RESULTS Through bioinformatics studies, we found that PTBP1 was highly expressed in GC patients and correlated with poor prognosis. Cell proliferation and cycle analysis showed that PTBP1 down-regulation could significantly inhibit cell proliferation. The results of cell proliferation detection related experiments showed that PTBP1 down-regulation could inhibit the division and proliferation of GC cells. Furthermore, changes in the morphology of the actin skeleton of cells showed that PTBP1 down-regulation inhibited actin skeletal remodeling in GC cells. Western Blots showed that PTBP1 could regulate proliferation and actin skeleton remodeling signaling pathways. In addition, we constructed PTBP1 Cas9-KO mouse model and performed xenograft assays to further confirm that down-regulation of PTBP1 could inhibit the proliferation of GC cells. Finally, tissue microarray was used to further verify the close correlation between PTBP1 and poor prognosis in patients with GC. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates for the first time that PTBP1 may affect the proliferation of GC cells by regulating actin skeleton remodeling. In addition, PTBP1 is closely related to actin skeleton remodeling and proliferation signaling pathways. We suppose that PTBP1 might be a potential target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Chu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Miao Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Feng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yanqing Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China.
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24
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Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Dzięgiel P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. Expression of genes regulating cell division in porcine follicular granulosa cells. Cell Div 2023; 18:12. [PMID: 37550786 PMCID: PMC10408085 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell cycle regulation influences the proliferation of granulosa cells and affects many processes related to ovarian folliclular growth and ovulation. Abnormal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to many diseases within the ovary. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells, which are related to the formation of the cytoskeleton, organization of cell organelles inside the cell, and regulation of cell division. Established in vitro primary cultures from porcine ovarian follicle granulosa cells were maintained for 48, 96, 144 h and evaluated via microarray expression analysis. RESULTS Analyzed genes were assigned to 12 gene ontology groups "actin cytoskeleton organization", "actin filament organization", "actin filament-based process", "cell-matrix adhesion", "cell-substrate adhesion", "chromosome segregation", "chromosome separation", "cytoskeleton organization", "DNA integrity checkpoint", "DNA replication initiation", "organelle fision", "organelle organization". Among the genes with significantly changed expression, those whose role in processes within the ovary are selected for consideration. Genes with increased expression include (ITGA11, CNN1, CCl2, TPM2, ACTN1, VCAM-1, COL3A1, GSN, FRMD6, PLK2). Genes with reduced expression inlcude (KIF14, TACC3, ESPL1, CDC45, TTK, CDC20, CDK1, FBXO5, NEK2-NIMA, CCNE2). For the results obtained by microarray expressions, quantitative validation by RT-qPCR was performed. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated expression profile of genes, which can be considered as new molecular markers of cellular processes involved in signaling, cell structure organization. The expression profile of selected genes brings new insight into regulation of physiological processes in porcine follicular granulosa cells during primary in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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25
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Cho SB. Molecular Mechanisms of Endometriosis Revealed Using Omics Data. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2210. [PMID: 37626707 PMCID: PMC10452455 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder prevalent in women of reproductive age. The primary symptoms include dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, and infertility. However, the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear. With the advent of high-throughput technologies, various omics experiments have been conducted to identify genes related to the pathophysiology of endometriosis. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying endometriosis using omics. When genes identified in omics experiments were compared with endometriosis disease genes identified in independent studies, the number of overlapping genes was moderate. However, the characteristics of these genes were found to be equivalent when functional gene set enrichment analysis was performed using gene ontology and biological pathway information. These findings indicate that omics technology provides invaluable information regarding the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Moreover, the functional characteristics revealed using enrichment analysis provide important clues for discovering endometriosis disease genes in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Cho
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 38-13, Dokgeom-ro 3 Street Namdon-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
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26
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Ksovreli M, Kachlishvili T, Mtiulishvili T, Dzmanashvili G, Batsatsashvili T, Zurabiani K, Tughushi D, Kantaria T, Nadaraia L, Rusishvili L, Piot O, Terryn C, Tchelidze P, Katsarava R, Kulikova N. Leucine-Based Pseudo-Proteins (LPPs) as Promising Biomaterials: A Study of Cell-Supporting Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3328. [PMID: 37571222 PMCID: PMC10422583 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold-based systems have become essential in biomedical research, providing the possibility of building in vitro models that can better mimic tissue/organic physiology. A relatively new family of biomimetics-pseudo-proteins (PPs)-can therefore be considered especially promising in this context. Three different artificial leucine-based LPP films were tested in vitro as potential scaffolding materials. In vitro experiments were performed using two types of cells: primary mouse skin fibroblasts and a murine monocyte/macrophages cell line, RAW264.7. Cell adhesion and cell spreading were evaluated according to morphological parameters via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and they were assessed according to actin cytoskeleton distribution, which was studied via confocal laser microscopy. Cell proliferation was evaluated via an MTT assay. Cell migration was studied using time-lapse microscopy. SEM images for both types of cells demonstrated prominent adhesion and perfect cell spreading on all three LPPs. Analyses of actin cytoskeleton organization revealed a high number of focal adhesions and prominent motility-associated structures. A certain stimulation of cell proliferation was detected in the cases of all three LPPs, and two of them promoted macrophage migration. Overall, our data suggest that the LPPs used in the study can be considered potential cell-friendly scaffolding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ksovreli
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tinatin Kachlishvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tevdore Mtiulishvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Giorgi Dzmanashvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tatuli Batsatsashvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Knarita Zurabiani
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - David Tughushi
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Temur Kantaria
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lili Nadaraia
- Institute of Physical Material Science and Materials Technologies, Technical University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Carl Zeiss Scientific and Education Center, New Vision University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Levan Rusishvili
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Olivier Piot
- BioSpecT Unit, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- BioSpecT Unit, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Pavel Tchelidze
- Carl Zeiss Scientific and Education Center, New Vision University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Faculty of Healthcare, East European University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nina Kulikova
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
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27
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Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Bukowska D, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. New Gene Markers of Exosomal Regulation Are Involved in Porcine Granulosa Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11873. [PMID: 37511632 PMCID: PMC10380331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal regulation is intimately involved in key cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and adhesion. By participating in the regulation of basic mechanisms, extracellular vesicles are important in intercellular signaling and the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. The complexity of intercellular interactions in the ovarian follicle is also based on multilevel intercellular signaling, including the mechanisms involving cadherins, integrins, and the extracellular matrix. The processes in the ovary leading to the formation of a fertilization-ready oocyte are extremely complex at the molecular level and depend on the oocyte's ongoing relationship with granulosa cells. An analysis of gene expression from material obtained from a primary in vitro culture of porcine granulosa cells was employed using microarray technology. Genes with the highest expression (LIPG, HSD3B1, CLIP4, LOX, ANKRD1, FMOD, SHAS2, TAGLN, ITGA8, MXRA5, and NEXN) and the lowest expression levels (DAPL1, HSD17B1, SNX31, FST, NEBL, CXCL10, RGS2, MAL2, IHH, and TRIB2) were selected for further analysis. The gene expression results obtained from the microarrays were validated using quantitative RT-qPCR. Exosomes may play important roles regarding intercellular signaling between granulosa cells. Therefore, exosomes may have significant applications in regenerative medicine, targeted therapy, and assisted reproduction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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28
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He S, Liu R, Luo Q, Song G. Tensile Overload Injures Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells through YAP/F-Actin/MAPK Signaling. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1833. [PMID: 37509472 PMCID: PMC10376431 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Explosion shockwaves can generate overloaded mechanical forces and induce lung injuries. However, the mechanism of lung injuries caused by tensile overload is still unclear. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of human alveolar epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) induced by tensile overload, and cell proliferation was detected using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU). Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were used to identify the tensile overload on the actin cytoskeleton, proteins related to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway, and the Yes-associated protein (YAP). RESULTS Tensile overload reduced BEAS-2B cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. In terms of the mechanism, we found that tensile overload led to the depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton, the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and the upregulation of YAP expression. Jasplakinolide (Jasp) treatment promoted the polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton and reduced the phosphorylation of tension-overload-activated JNK and ERK1/2 and the apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, the inhibition of the JNK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, as well as the expression of YAP, also reduced apoptosis caused by tensile overload. CONCLUSION Our study establishes the role of the YAP/F-actin/MAPK axis in tensile-induced BEAS-2B cell injury and proposes new strategies for the treatment and repair of future lung injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ruihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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29
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Elurbide J, Carte B, Guedes J, Aldabe R. NatB Catalytic Subunit Depletion Disrupts DNA Replication Initiation Leading to Senescence in MEFs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108724. [PMID: 37240070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-aminoterminal acetyltransferase B (NatB) is a critical enzyme responsible for acetylating the aminoterminal end of proteins, thereby modifying approximately 21% of the proteome. This post-translational modification impacts protein folding, structure, stability, and interactions between proteins which, in turn, play a crucial role in modulating several biological functions. NatB has been widely studied for its role in cytoskeleton function and cell cycle regulation in different organisms, from yeast to human tumor cells. In this study, we aimed to understand the biological importance of this modification by inactivating the catalytic subunit of the NatB enzymatic complex, Naa20, in non-transformed mammal cells. Our findings demonstrate that depletion of NAA20 results in decreased cell cycle progression and DNA replication initiation, ultimately leading to the senescence program. Furthermore, we have identified NatB substrates that play a role in cell cycle progression, and their stability is compromised when NatB is inactivated. These results underscore the significance of N-terminal acetylation by NatB in regulating cell cycle progression and DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Elurbide
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Centre for Applied Medical Research CIMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Carte
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Centre for Applied Medical Research CIMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joana Guedes
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Centre for Applied Medical Research CIMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA/UM), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Rafael Aldabe
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Centre for Applied Medical Research CIMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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30
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El Hayek E, Castillo E, In JG, Garcia M, Cerrato J, Brearley A, Gonzalez-Estrella J, Herbert G, Bleske B, Benavidez A, Hsiao H, Yin L, Campen MJ, Yu X. Photoaging of polystyrene microspheres causes oxidative alterations to surface physicochemistry and enhances airway epithelial toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2023; 193:90-102. [PMID: 36881996 PMCID: PMC10176241 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics represent an emerging environmental contaminant, with large gaps in our understanding of human health impacts. Furthermore, environmental factors may modify the plastic chemistry, further altering the toxic potency. Ultraviolet (UV) light is one such unavoidable factor for airborne microplastic particulates and a known modifier of polystyrene surface chemistry. As an experimental model, we aged commercially available polystyrene microspheres for 5 weeks with UV radiation, then compared the cellular responses in A549 lung cells with both pristine and irradiated particulates. Photoaging altered the surface morphology of irradiated microspheres and increased the intensities of polar groups on the near-surface region of the particles as indicated by scanning electron microscopy and by fitting of high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy C 1s spectra, respectively. Even at low concentrations (1-30 µg/ml), photoaged microspheres at 1 and 5 µm in diameter exerted more pronounced biological responses in the A549 cells than was caused by pristine microspheres. High-content imaging analysis revealed S and G2 cell cycle accumulation and morphological changes, which were also more pronounced in A549 cells treated with photoaged microspheres, and further influenced by the size, dose, and time of exposures. Polystyrene microspheres reduced monolayer barrier integrity and slowed regrowth in a wound healing assay in a manner dependent on dose, photoaging, and size of the microsphere. UV-photoaging generally enhanced the toxicity of polystyrene microspheres in A549 cells. Understanding the influence of weathering and environmental aging, along with size, shape, and chemistry, on microplastics biocompatibility may be an essential consideration for incorporation of different plastics in products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane El Hayek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Eliseo Castillo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Julie G In
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Marcus Garcia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jose Cerrato
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Adrian Brearley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Guy Herbert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Barry Bleske
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Angelica Benavidez
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Hsuan Hsiao
- ReproTox Biotech, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lei Yin
- ReproTox Biotech, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Matthew J Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Xiaozhong Yu
- College of Nursing, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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31
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Jeruzalska E, Mazur AJ. The Role of non-muscle actin paralogs in cell cycle progression and proliferation. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151315. [PMID: 37099935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled cell proliferation leads to several pathologies, including cancer. Thus, this process must be tightly regulated. The cell cycle accounts for cell proliferation, and its progression is coordinated with changes in cell shape, for which cytoskeleton reorganization is responsible. Rearrangement of the cytoskeleton allows for its participation in the precise division of genetic material and cytokinesis. One of the main cytoskeletal components is filamentous actin-based structures. Mammalian cells have at least six actin paralogs, four of which are muscle-specific, while two, named β- and γ-actin, are abundantly present in all types of cells. This review summarizes the findings that establish the role of non-muscle actin paralogs in regulating cell cycle progression and proliferation. We discuss studies showing that the level of a given non-muscle actin paralog in a cell influences the cell's ability to progress through the cell cycle and, thus, proliferation. Moreover, we elaborate on the non-muscle actins' role in regulating gene transcription, interactions of actin paralogs with proteins involved in controlling cell proliferation, and the contribution of non-muscle actins to different structures in a dividing cell. The data cited in this review show that non-muscle actins regulate the cell cycle and proliferation through varying mechanisms. We point to the need for further studies addressing these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Jeruzalska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Antonina J Mazur
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland.
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32
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Geller C, Maddela J, Tuplano R, Runa F, Adamian Y, Güth R, Ortiz Soto G, Tomaneng L, Cantor J, Kelber JA. Fibronectin, DHPS and SLC3A2 Signaling Cooperate to Control Tumor Spheroid Growth, Subcellular eIF5A1/2 Distribution and CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.13.536765. [PMID: 37090582 PMCID: PMC10120696 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.13.536765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression/deposition within and stiffening of the breast cancer microenvironment facilitates disease progression and correlates with poor patient survival. However, the mechanisms by which ECM components control tumorigenic behaviors and responses to therapeutic intervention remain poorly understood. Fibronectin (FN) is a major ECM protein controlling multiple processes. In this regard, we previously reported that DHPS-dependent hypusination of eIF5A1/2 is necessary for fibronectin-mediated breast cancer metastasis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we explored the clinical significance of an interactome generated using hypusination pathway components and markers of intratumoral heterogeneity. Solute carrier 3A2 (SLC3A2 or CD98hc) stood out as an indicator of poor overall survival among patients with basal-like breast cancers that express elevated levels of DHPS. We subsequently discovered that blockade of DHPS or SLC3A2 reduced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) spheroid growth. Interestingly, spheroids stimulated with exogenous fibronectin were less sensitive to inhibition of either DHPS or SLC3A2 - an effect that could be abrogated by dual DHPS/SLC3A2 blockade. We further discovered that a subset of TNBC cells responded to fibronectin by increasing cytoplasmic localization of eIF5A1/2. Notably, these fibronectin-induced subcellular localization phenotypes correlated with a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Fibronectin-treated TNBC cells responded to dual DHPS/SLC3A2 blockade by shifting eIF5A1/2 localization back to a nucleus-dominant state, suppressing proliferation and further arresting cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Finally, we observed that dual DHPS/SLC3A2 inhibition increased the sensitivity of both Rb-negative and -positive TNBC cells to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Taken together, these data identify a previously unrecognized mechanism through which extracellular fibronectin controls cancer cell tumorigenicity by modulating subcellular eIF5A1/2 localization and provides prognostic/therapeutic utility for targeting the cooperative DHPS/SLC3A2 signaling axis to improve breast cancer treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Geller
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Joanna Maddela
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Ranel Tuplano
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Farhana Runa
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Yvess Adamian
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Robert Güth
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Gabriela Ortiz Soto
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Luke Tomaneng
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
| | - Joseph Cantor
- BD Biosciences, 1077 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jonathan A. Kelber
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA & Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX
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33
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Mehdipour M, Park S, Huang GN. Unlocking cardiomyocyte renewal potential for myocardial regeneration therapy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 177:9-20. [PMID: 36801396 PMCID: PMC10699255 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Cardiomyocytes are irreversibly lost due to cardiac ischemia secondary to disease. This leads to increased cardiac fibrosis, poor contractility, cardiac hypertrophy, and subsequent life-threatening heart failure. Adult mammalian hearts exhibit notoriously low regenerative potential, further compounding the calamities described above. Neonatal mammalian hearts, on the other hand, display robust regenerative capacities. Lower vertebrates such as zebrafish and salamanders retain the ability to replenish lost cardiomyocytes throughout life. It is critical to understand the varying mechanisms that are responsible for these differences in cardiac regeneration across phylogeny and ontogeny. Adult mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and polyploidization have been proposed as major barriers to heart regeneration. Here we review current models about why adult mammalian cardiac regenerative potential is lost including changes in environmental oxygen levels, acquisition of endothermy, complex immune system development, and possible cancer risk tradeoffs. We also discuss recent progress and highlight conflicting reports pertaining to extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways that control cardiomyocyte proliferation and polyploidization in growth and regeneration. Uncovering the physiological brakes of cardiac regeneration could illuminate novel molecular targets and offer promising therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melod Mehdipour
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sangsoon Park
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Guo N Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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34
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A review on regulation of cell cycle by extracellular matrix. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123426. [PMID: 36708893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of structural proteins, glycoproteins and proteoglycans that assists independent cells in aggregating and forming highly organized functional structures. ECM serves numerous purposes and is an essential component of tissue structure and functions. Initially, the role of ECM was considered to be confined to passive functions like providing mechanical strength and structural identity to tissues, serving as barriers and platforms for cells. The doors to understanding ECM's proper role in tissue functioning opened with the discovery of cellular receptors, integrins to which ECM components binds and influences cellular activities. Understanding and utilizing ECM's potential to control cellular function has become a topic of much interest in recent decades, providing different outlooks to study processes involved in developmental programs, wound healing and tumour progression. On another front, the regulatory mechanisms operating to prevent errors in the cell cycle have been topics of a titanic amount of studies. This is expected as many diseases, most infamously cancer, are associated with defects in their functioning. This review focuses on how ECM, through different methods, influences the progression of the somatic cell cycle and provides deeper insights into molecular mechanisms of functional communication between adhesion complex, signalling pathways and cell cycle machinery.
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35
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Fedr R, Kahounová Z, Remšík J, Reiterová M, Kalina T, Souček K. Variability of fluorescence intensity distribution measured by flow cytometry is influenced by cell size and cell cycle progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4889. [PMID: 36966193 PMCID: PMC10039904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31990-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of fluorescence signals measured with flow cytometry can be influenced by several factors, including qualitative and quantitative properties of the used fluorochromes, optical properties of the detection system, as well as the variability within the analyzed cell population itself. Most of the single cell samples prepared from in vitrocultures or clinical specimens contain a variable cell cycle component. Cell cycle, together with changes in the cell size, are two of the factors that alter the functional properties of analyzed cells and thus affect the interpretation of obtained results. Here, we describe the association between cell cycle status and cell size, and the variability in the distribution of fluorescence intensity as determined with flow cytometry, at population scale. We show that variability in the distribution of background and specific fluorescence signals is related to the cell cycle state of the selected population, with the 10% low fluorescence signal fraction enriched mainly in cells in their G0/G1 cell cycle phase, and the 10% high fraction containing cells mostly in the G2/M phase. Therefore we advise using caution and additional experimental validation when comparing populations defined by fractions at both ends of fluorescence signal distribution to avoid biases caused by the effect of cell cycle and cell size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Fedr
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kahounová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Remšík
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michaela Reiterová
- CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kalina
- CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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36
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Abstract
Recently, researches have revealed the key roles of the cytoskeleton in the occurrence and development of multiple diseases, suggesting that targeting the cytoskeleton is a viable approach for treating numerous refractory diseases. The cytoskeleton is a highly structured and complex network composed of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. In normal cells, these three cytoskeleton components are highly integrated and coordinated. However, the cytoskeleton undergoes drastic remodeling in cytoskeleton-related diseases, causing changes in cell polarity, affecting the cell cycle, leading to senescent diseases, and influencing cell migration to accelerate cancer metastasis. Additionally, mutations or abnormalities in cytoskeletal proteins and their related proteins are closely associated with several congenital diseases. Therefore, this review summarizes the roles of the cytoskeleton in cytoskeleton-related diseases as well as its potential roles in disease treatment to provide insights regarding the physiological functions and pathological roles of the cytoskeleton.
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37
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Wu LC, Tada S, Isoshima T, Serizawa T, Ito Y. Photo-reactive polymers for the immobilisation of epidermal growth factors. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 36655770 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photo-reactive polymers are important for biomaterials, including devices with a 3D-structure. Here, different types of photo-reactive polymers were prepared and utilised for immobilisation of growth factors. They were synthesised by conjugation of gelatin with the azidophenyl group or by copolymerisation of the azidophenyl group-coupled methacrylate with poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate. The azidophenyl content and the zeta potential of the prepared polymers were measured. After spin coating of polymers, the thickness and the water contact angle of coated layers were measured. The amount of the immobilised epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined using fluorescence labelling. Cell adhesion responded to the nature of photo-reactive polymers but did not depend on the immobilised EGF. However, cell growth was dependent on the amount of immobilised EGF and was significantly affected by the nature of photo-reactive polymers. The study shows that the properties of the photo-immobilisation matrix significantly influence the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Chun Wu
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Seiichi Tada
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Isoshima
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Serizawa
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.,Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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38
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Zhang W, Li Y, Xin S, Yang L, Jiang M, Xin Y, Wang Y, Cao P, Zhang S, Yang Y, Lu J. The emerging roles of IFIT3 in antiviral innate immunity and cellular biology. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28259. [PMID: 36305096 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The interferon-inducible protein with tetrapeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) is one of the most important members in both the IFIT family and interferon-stimulated genes family. IFIT3 has typical features of the IFIT family in terms of gene and protein structures, and is able to be activated through the classical PRRs-IFN-JAK/STAT pathway. A variety of viruses can induce the expression of IFIT3, which in turn inhibits the replication of viruses, with the underlying mechanism showing its crucial role in antiviral innate immunity. Emerging studies have also identified that IFIT3 is involved in cellular biology changes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and cancer development. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of IFIT3 with respect to molecular structure and regulatory pathways, highlighting the role of IFIT3 in antiviral innate immunity, as well as its diverse biological roles. We also discuss the potential of IFIT3 as a biomarker in disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyu Xin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Li Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Mingjuan Jiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Xin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Senmiao Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhong Lu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
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Harati J, Liu K, Shahsavarani H, Du P, Galluzzi M, Deng K, Mei J, Chen HY, Bonakdar S, Aflatoonian B, Hou G, Zhu Y, Pan H, Wong RCB, Shokrgozar MA, Song W, Wang PY. Defined Physicochemical Cues Steering Direct Neuronal Reprogramming on Colloidal Self-Assembled Patterns (cSAPs). ACS NANO 2022; 17:1054-1067. [PMID: 36583476 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct neuronal reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neurons (iNs) has been recently established as a promising approach to generating neuron cells. Previous studies have reported that the biophysical cues of the in vitro microenvironment are potent modulators in the cell fate decision; thus, the present study explores the effects of a customized pattern (named colloidal self-assembled patterns, cSAPs) on iN generation from human fibroblasts using small molecules. The result revealed that the cSAP, composed of binary particles in a hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) geometry, is capable of improving neuronal reprogramming efficiency and steering the ratio of the iN subtypes. Cells exhibited distinct cell morphology, upregulated cell adhesion markers (i.e., SDC1 and ITGAV), enriched signaling pathways (i.e., Hippo and Wnt), and chromatin remodeling on the cSAP compared to those on the control substrates. The result also showed that the iN subtype specification on cSAP was surface-dependent; therefore, the defined physicochemical cue from each cSAP is exclusive. Our findings show that direct cell reprogramming can be manipulated through specific biophysical cues on the artificial matrix, which is significant in cell transdifferentiation and lineage conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Harati
- Lab Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran1316943551, Iran
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Hosein Shahsavarani
- Lab Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran1316943551, Iran
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran1983969411, Iran
| | - Ping Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Deng
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu610097, People's Republic of China
| | - Jei Mei
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsien-Yeh Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- Lab Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran1316943551, Iran
| | - Behrouz Aflatoonian
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd8916188635, Iran
| | - Guoqiang Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond C B Wong
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria3002, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar
- Lab Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran1316943551, Iran
| | - Weihong Song
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, People's Republic of China
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40
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Tingting Gan, Liu X, Chen X, Shi Y, Wang W. Okadaic Acid Inhibits Protein Phosphatases to Suppress Spermatogonial Cell Proliferation. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022140060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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41
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Guo A, Zheng Y, Zhong Y, Mo S, Fang S. Effect of chitosan/inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds on bone regeneration and related influencing factors in animal models: A systematic review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:986212. [PMID: 36394038 PMCID: PMC9643585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.986212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) provides a promising alternative for transplanting. Due to biocompatibility and biodegradability, chitosan-based scaffolds have been extensively studied. In recent years, many inorganic nanomaterials have been utilized to modify the performance of chitosan-based materials. In order to ascertain the impact of chitosan/inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds on bone regeneration and related key factors, this study presents a systematic comparison of various scaffolds in the calvarial critical-sized defect (CSD) model. A total of four electronic databases were searched without publication date or language restrictions up to April 2022. The Animal Research Reporting of In Vivo Experiments 2.0 guidelines (ARRIVE 2.0) were used to assess the quality of the included studies. Moreover, the risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated via the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool. After the screening, 22 studies were selected. None of these studies achieved high quality or had a low RoB. In the available studies, scaffolds reconstructed bone defects in radically different extensions. Several significant factors were identified, including baseline characteristics, physicochemical properties of scaffolds, surgery details, and scanning or reconstruction parameters of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Further studies should focus on not only improving the osteogenic performance of the scaffolds but also increasing the credibility of studies through rigorous experimental design and normative reports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuixue Mo
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shanbao Fang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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42
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Zhou Y, Wang G, Wang T, Wang J, Wen X, Sun H, Yu L, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhou Q, Sun Y. Multidynamic Osteogenic Differentiation by Effective Polydopamine Micro-Arc Oxide Manipulations. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4773-4790. [PMID: 36246934 PMCID: PMC9553511 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s378387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The nanostructural modification of the oral implant surface can effectively mimic the morphology of natural bone tissue, allowing osteoblasts to achieve both proliferation and differentiation capabilities at the bone interface of the dental implant. To improve the osteoinductive activity on the surface of titanium implants for rapid osseointegration, we prepared a novel composite coating (MAO-PDA-NC) by micro-arc oxidation technique and immersion method and evaluated the proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts on this coating. Methods The coatings were prepared by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique and immersion method, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for different coatings; the loading of PDA was examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); the ion release capacity of the coatings was determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES); the interfacial bonding of the coatings was examined using nanoscratch experiment strength. The cytotoxicity of the coating was examined by live/dead staining kit; cell proliferation viability was examined by CCK-8 kit; adhesion and osteogenic effect of the coating were examined by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR; osteogenic differentiation was examined by alkaline phosphatase staining. Results The surface morphology of titanium implants was modified by micro-arc oxidation technology, and a new MAO-PDA-NC composite coating was successfully prepared. The results showed that the MAO-PDA-NC coating not only optimized the physical and chemical properties of the titanium implant surface but also significantly stimulated the biological properties of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation on the coating surface. Conclusion These results show that MAO-PDA-NC composite coating can significantly improve the surface properties of titanium implants and achieve a stable bond between implant and bone tissue, thus accelerating early osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xutao Wen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haishui Sun
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Qin Zhou, Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011,People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15900827810, Email
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China,Yan Sun, School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261053, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13356797219, Email
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43
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Du M, Li Y, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Ouyang S, Chen Z. The impact of low intensity ultrasound on cells: Underlying mechanisms and current status. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 174:41-49. [PMID: 35764177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has been adopted for a variety of therapeutic purposes because of its bioeffects such as thermal, mechanical, and cavitation effects. The mechanism of impact and cellular responses of LIUS in cellular regulations have been revealed, which helps to understand the role of LIUS in tumor treatment, stem cell therapy, and nervous system regulation. The review summarizes the bioeffects of LIUS at the cellular level and its related mechanisms, detailing the corresponding theoretical basis and latest research in the study of LIUS in the regulation of cells. In the future, the design of specific LIUS-mediated treatment strategies may benefit from promising investigations which is hoped to provide encouraging therapeutic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical Imaging Centre, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical Imaging Centre, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China; Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China; The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Veterans Administration Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuming Ouyang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical Imaging Centre, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China; Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China; The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Veterans Administration Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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44
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Wong KS, Zhong X, Low CSL, Kanchanawong P. Self-supervised classification of subcellular morphometric phenotypes reveals extracellular matrix-specific morphological responses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15329. [PMID: 36097150 PMCID: PMC9468179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell morphology is profoundly influenced by cellular interactions with microenvironmental factors such as the extracellular matrix (ECM). Upon adhesion to specific ECM, various cell types are known to exhibit different but distinctive morphologies, suggesting that ECM-dependent cell morphological responses may harbour rich information on cellular signalling states. However, the inherent morphological complexity of cellular and subcellular structures has posed an ongoing challenge for automated quantitative analysis. Since multi-channel fluorescence microscopy provides robust molecular specificity important for the biological interpretations of observed cellular architecture, here we develop a deep learning-based analysis pipeline for the classification of cell morphometric phenotypes from multi-channel fluorescence micrographs, termed SE-RNN (residual neural network with squeeze-and-excite blocks). We demonstrate SERNN-based classification of distinct morphological signatures observed when fibroblasts or epithelial cells are presented with different ECM. Our results underscore how cell shapes are non-random and established the framework for classifying cell shapes into distinct morphological signature in a cell-type and ECM-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Sun Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xueying Zhong
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Republic of Singapore
| | - Christine Siok Lan Low
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pakorn Kanchanawong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Republic of Singapore. .,Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Republic of Singapore.
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45
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Nagy ÁG, Székács I, Bonyár A, Horvath R. Cell-substratum and cell-cell adhesion forces and single-cell mechanical properties in mono- and multilayer assemblies from robotic fluidic force microscopy. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151273. [PMID: 36088812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelium covers, protects, and actively regulates various formations and cavities of the human body. During embryonic development the assembly of the epithelium is crucial to the organoid formation, and the invasion of the epithelium is an essential step in cancer metastasis. Live cell mechanical properties and associated forces presumably play an important role in these biological processes. However, the direct measurement of cellular forces in a precise and high-throughput manner is still challenging. We studied the cellular adhesion maturation of epithelial Vero monolayers by measuring single-cell force-spectra with high-throughput fluidic force microscopy (robotic FluidFM). Vero cells were grown on gelatin-covered plates in different seeding concentrations, and cell detachment forces were recorded from the single-cell state, through clustered island formation, to their complete assembly into a sparse and then into a tight monolayer. A methodology was proposed to separate cell-substratum and cell-cell adhesion force and energy (work of adhesion) contributions based on the recorded force-distance curves. For comparison, cancerous HeLa cells were also measured in the same settings. During Vero monolayer formation, a significantly strengthening adhesive tendency was found, showing the development of cell-cell contacts. Interestingly, this type of step-by-step maturation was absent in HeLa cells. The attachment of cancerous HeLa cells to the assembled epithelial monolayers was also measured, proposing a new high-throughput method to investigate the biomechanics of cancer cell invasion. We found that HeLa cells adhere significantly stronger to the tight Vero monolayer than cells of the same origin. Moreover, the mechanical characteristics of Vero monolayers upon cancerous HeLa cell influence were recorded and analyzed. All these results provide insight into the qualitative assessment of cell-substratum and cell-cell mechanical contacts in mono- and multilayered assemblies and demonstrate the robustness and speed of the robotic FluidFM technology to reveal biomechanical properties of live cell assemblies with statistical significances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágoston G Nagy
- Department of Electronics Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary; Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Inna Székács
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Bonyár
- Department of Electronics Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary.
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Multi-omics analysis reveals RNA splicing alterations and their biological and clinical implications in lung adenocarcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:270. [PMID: 35989380 PMCID: PMC9393167 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is one of the most important mechanisms of posttranscriptional gene regulation, which contributes to protein diversity in eukaryotes. It is well known that RNA splicing dysregulation is a critical mechanism in tumor pathogenesis and the rationale for the promising splice-switching therapeutics for cancer treatment. Although we have a comprehensive understanding of DNA mutations, abnormal gene expression profiles, epigenomics, and proteomics in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), little is known about its aberrant alternative splicing profiles. Here, based on the multi-omics data generated from over 1000 samples, we systematically studied the RNA splicing alterations in LUAD and revealed their biological and clinical implications. We identified 3688 aberrant alternative splicing events (AASEs) in LUAD, most of which were alternative promoter and exon skip. The specific regulatory roles of RNA binding proteins, somatic mutations, and DNA methylations on AASEs were comprehensively interrogated. We dissected the functional implications of AASEs and concluded that AASEs mainly affected biological processes related to tumor proliferation and metastasis. We also found that one subtype of LUAD with a particular AASEs pattern was immunogenic and had a better prognosis and response rate to immunotherapy. These findings revealed novel events related to tumorigenesis and tumor immune microenvironment and laid the foundation for the development of splice-switching therapies for LUAD.
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47
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Tan T, Wu C, Liu B, Pan BF, Hawke DH, Su Z, Liu S, Zhang W, Wang R, Lin SH, Kuang J. Revisiting the multisite phosphorylation that produces the M-phase supershift of key mitotic regulators. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar115. [PMID: 35976701 PMCID: PMC9635296 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-04-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term M-phase supershift denotes the phosphorylation-dependent substantial increase in the apparent molecular weight of numerous proteins of varied biological functions during M-phase induction. Although the M-phase supershift of multiple key mitotic regulators has been attributed to the multisite phosphorylation catalyzed by the Cdk1/cyclin B/Cks complex, this view is challenged by multiple lines of paradoxical observations. To solve this problem, we reconstituted the M-phase supershift of Xenopus Cdc25C, Myt1, Wee1A, APC3 and Greatwall in Xenopus egg extracts and characterized the supershift-producing phosphorylations. Our results demonstrate that their M-phase supershifts are each due to simultaneous phosphorylation of a considerable portion of S/T/Y residues in a long intrinsically disordered region that is enriched in both S/T residues and S/TP motifs. Although the major mitotic kinases in Xenopus egg extracts, Cdk1, MAPK, Plx1 and RSK2, are able to phosphorylate the five mitotic regulators, they are neither sufficient nor required to produce the M-phase supershift. Accordingly, inhibition of the four major mitotic kinase activities in Xenopus oocytes did not inhibit the M-phase supershift in okadaic acid-induced oocyte maturation. These findings indicate that the M-phase supershift is produced by a previously unrecognized category of mitotic phosphorylation that likely plays important roles in M-phase induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chuanfen Wu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boye Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education
| | - Bih-Fang Pan
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zehao Su
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Kuang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Suki B, Bates JHT, Bartolák-Suki E. Remodeling of the Aged and Emphysematous Lungs: Roles of Microenvironmental Cues. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3559-3574. [PMID: 35766835 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a slow process that affects all organs, and the lung is no exception. At the alveolar level, aging increases the airspace size with thicker and stiffer septal walls and straighter and thickened collagen and elastic fibers. This creates a microenvironment that interferes with the ability of cells in the parenchyma to maintain normal homeostasis and respond to injury. These changes also make the lung more susceptible to disease such as emphysema. Emphysema is characterized by slow but progressive remodeling of the deep alveolar regions that leads to airspace enlargement and increased but disorganized elastin and collagen deposition. This remodeling has been attributed to ongoing inflammation that involves inflammatory cells and the cytokines they produce. Cellular senescence, another consequence of aging, weakens the ability of cells to properly respond to injury, something that also occurs in emphysema. These factors conspire to make alveolar walls more prone to mechanical failure, which can set emphysema in motion by driving inflammation through immune stimulation by protein fragments. Both aging and emphysema are influenced by microenvironmental conditions such as local inflammation, chemical makeup, tissue stiffness, and mechanical stresses. Although aging and emphysema are not equivalent, they have the potential to influence each other in synergistic ways; aging sets up the conditions for emphysema to develop, while emphysema may accelerate cellular senescence and thus aging itself. This article focuses on the similarities and differences between the remodeled microenvironment of the aging and emphysematous lung, with special emphasis on the alveolar septal wall. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3559-3574, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason H T Bates
- Depatment of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Alba A, Villaggio G, Messina GML, Caruso M, Federico C, Cambria MT, Marletta G, Sinatra F. Cytostatic Effects of Polyethyleneimine Surfaces on the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cycle. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132643. [PMID: 35808689 PMCID: PMC9269326 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes assembled layer-by-layer (PEMs) are commonly used as functional coatings to build-up biological interfaces, particularly suitable as compatible layers for the interaction with a biological medium, providing suitable conditions to promote or prevent cell seeding while maintaining the phenotype. The proper assessment of the biocompatibility of PEMs and the elucidation of the related mechanisms are therefore of paramount importance. In this study, we report in detail the effect of two different PEM endings, polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and polyethylenimine (PEI), respectively, on the cell adhesion, growth, and viability of human bone mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The results have shown that PSS-ended substrates appear to be the most suitable to drive the cell adhesion and phenotype maintenance of MSCs, showing good biocompatibility. On the contrary, while the cells seem to adhere more quickly and strongly on the PEI-ended surfaces, the interaction with PEI significantly affects the growth and viability, reducing the cell spreading capability, by sequestering the adhesion molecules already in the very early steps of cell–substrate contact. These results point to the promotion of a cytostatic effect of PEI, rather than the often-claimed cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alba
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Giusy Villaggio
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Grazia Maria Lucia Messina
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-095-7385083 (G.M.L.M.)
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Concetta Federico
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Androne, 81, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Cambria
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Fulvia Sinatra
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-095-7385083 (G.M.L.M.)
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Humphries JD, Zha J, Burns J, Askari JA, Below CR, Chastney MR, Jones MC, Mironov A, Knight D, O'Reilly DA, Dunne MJ, Garrod DR, Jorgensen C, Humphries MJ. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells employ integrin α6β4 to form hemidesmosomes and regulate cell proliferation. Matrix Biol 2022; 110:16-39. [PMID: 35405272 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis due to its aggressive progression, late detection and lack of druggable driver mutations, which often combine to result in unsuitability for surgical intervention. Together with activating mutations of the small GTPase KRas, which are found in over 90% of PDAC tumours, a contributory factor for PDAC tumour progression is formation of a rigid extracellular matrix (ECM) and associated desmoplasia. This response leads to aberrant integrin signalling, and accelerated proliferation and invasion. To identify the integrin adhesion systems that operate in PDAC, we analysed a range of pancreatic ductal epithelial cell models using 2D, 3D and organoid culture systems. Proteomic analysis of isolated integrin receptor complexes from human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells predominantly identified integrin α6β4 and hemidesmosome components, rather than classical focal adhesion components. Electron microscopy, together with immunofluorescence, confirmed the formation of hemidesmosomes by HPDE cells, both in 2D and 3D culture systems. Similar results were obtained for the human PDAC cell line, SUIT-2. Analysis of HPDE cell secreted proteins and cell-derived matrices (CDM) demonstrated that HPDE cells secrete a range of laminin subunits and form a hemidesmosome-specific, laminin 332-enriched ECM. Expression of mutant KRas (G12V) did not affect hemidesmosome composition or formation by HPDE cells. Cell-ECM contacts formed by mouse and human PDAC organoids were also assessed by electron microscopy. Organoids generated from both the PDAC KPC mouse model and human patient-derived PDAC tissue displayed features of acinar-ductal cell polarity, and hemidesmosomes were visible proximal to prominent basement membranes. Furthermore, electron microscopy identified hemidesmosomes in normal human pancreas. Depletion of integrin β4 reduced cell proliferation in both SUIT-2 and HPDE cells, reduced the number of SUIT-2 cells in S-phase, and induced G1 cell cycle arrest, suggesting a requirement for α6β4-mediated adhesion for cell cycle progression and growth. Taken together, these data suggest that laminin-binding adhesion mechanisms in general, and hemidesmosome-mediated adhesion in particular, may be under-appreciated in the context of PDAC. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifiers PXD027803, PXD027823 and PXD027827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Junzhe Zha
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jessica Burns
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christopher R Below
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Megan R Chastney
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Matthew C Jones
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Aleksandr Mironov
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility (RRID: SCR_021147), Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility (RRID: SCR_020987), Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Derek A O'Reilly
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mark J Dunne
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David R Garrod
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claus Jorgensen
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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