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Jankovic M, Knezevic T, Tomic A, Milicevic O, Jovanovic T, Djunic I, Mihaljevic B, Knezevic A, Todorovic-Balint M. Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3741. [PMID: 38612552 PMCID: PMC11012084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The oncogenicity of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently being widely debated. Most recently, mounting clinical evidence suggests an anti-cancer effect via CMV-induced T cell-mediated tumor destruction. However, the data were mostly obtained from single-center studies and in vitro experiments. Broad geographic coverage is required to offer a global perspective. Our study examined the correlation between country-specific CMV seroprevalence (across 73 countries) and the age-standardized incidence rate (of 34 invasive tumors). The populations studied were stratified according to decadal age periods as the immunologic effects of CMV seropositivity may depend upon age at initial infection. The International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization (IARC WHO) database was used. The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a worldwide inverse correlation between CMV seroprevalence and the incidences of 62.8% tumors. Notably, this inverse link persists for all cancers combined (Spearman's ρ = -0.732, p < 0.001; β = -0.482, p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.737). An antithetical and significant correlation was also observed in particular age groups for the vast majority of tumors. Our results corroborate the conclusions of previous studies and indicate that this oncopreventive phenomenon holds true on a global scale. It applies to a wide spectrum of cancer histologies, additionally supporting the idea of a common underlying mechanism-CMV-stimulated T cell tumor targeting. Although these results further advance the notion of CMV-based therapies, in-depth investigation of host-virus interactions is still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Jankovic
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Tara Knezevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Ana Tomic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Ognjen Milicevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, 15 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Institute for Biocides and Medical Ecology, 16 Trebevicka Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Irena Djunic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
- Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 2 Dr Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Mihaljevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
- Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 2 Dr Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Knezevic
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Milena Todorovic-Balint
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (A.T.); (O.M.); (I.D.); (B.M.); (M.T.-B.)
- Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 2 Dr Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Tomita M, Tagami M, Misawa N, Sakai A, Haruna Y, Honda S. En-face widefield optical coherence tomography angiography for understanding vascular networks changes in two cases of acute retinal necrosis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2023; 13:9. [PMID: 36881194 PMCID: PMC9992468 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-023-00331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study assesses the utility of en-face widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging for evaluating the retinal vascular network during the course of treatment in acute retinal necrosis(ARN). OBSERVATIONS OCTA images of two cases of acute retinal necrosis were analyzed. Case 1 was a 15-year-old male with visual crowding in his right eye who had best-corrected visual acuity of 16/20 and intraocular pressure of 25 mmHg in his right eye on initial evaluation. Case 2 was a 57-year-old male with visual crowding in his left eye who had best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20 in his left eye on initial examination and intraocular pressure of 19.3 mmHg. In both patients, dynamic changes could be tracked by en-face ultra-widefield OCTA imaging before and up to 1 year after surgical treatment. The images showed arteriovenous anastomosis and the nonperfused area on the surface of the retina. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE En-face widefield OCTA is useful for monitoring the structure of retinal vessels over time in acute retinal necrosis. Wide-angle OCTA is used to non-invasively examine retinal vascular dynamic changes in ARN. OCTA artifacts due to intraocular inflammation appeared, making interpretation difficult. These will remain as issues in the future. It seems difficult for a while to completely replace FA due to the problem of image clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan
| | - Mizuki Tagami
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan
| | - Yusuke Haruna
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan
| | - Shigeru Honda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-5-7 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, 545-8586, Japan
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Ozen Tunay Z, Derme T, Erginturk Acar D, Beser E. Retinal findings similar to retinopathy of prematurity in a term-infant with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Eur J Ophthalmol 2023; 33:NP69-NP71. [PMID: 34382423 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211039344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a term-born infant with congenital cytomegalovirus (C-CMV) infection with an atypical retinal finding mimicking retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). CASE DESCRIPTION A term-born infant was referred to our clinic due to a C-CMV infection. Fundoscopic examination of both eyes revealed a demarcation line at zone II level and peripheral avascular retina along the temporal retina. There was no chorioretinitis, no vitritis, and no retinal vasculitis. There was no history of oxygen supplementation. The demarcation lines in both eyes regressed spontaneously within 3 weeks without any sequelae. CONCLUSIONS It has been known for many years that C-CMV infection may affect the eye, and chorioretinitis is the most common finding. In this case report, we presented an atypical ROP-like retinal finding in an infant with C-CMV infection. We think that the development of retinal vascularization may be affected by C-CMV infection. We hope that this finding may provide a clue for future investigations to understand the relationship between the pathogenesis of ROP and infection-induced inflammatory processes in prenatal and perinatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Ozen Tunay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turan Derme
- Department of Neonatalogy, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Esra Beser
- Department of Neonatalogy, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Matucci-Cerinic M, Hughes M, Taliani G, Kahaleh B. Similarities between COVID-19 and systemic sclerosis early vasculopathy: A "viral" challenge for future research in scleroderma. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102899. [PMID: 34274540 PMCID: PMC8280663 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review similarities between COVID-19 and systemic sclerosis (SSc) early vasculopathy to provide novel insights into both diseases. METHODS A narrative review of the literature supplemented with expert opinion. RESULTS There is clear evidence that the endothelium is at the centre stage in SSc and COVID-19, with endothelial cell activation/injury and dysfunction creating the crucial evolving step in the pathogenesis of both diseases. The angiotensin system has also been implicated in the early stages of both COVID-19 and SSc. Autoptic studies provide novel insights into the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the endothelium. Normal endothelium and endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 and SSc are discussed. It is debated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers autoimmunity with production of autoantibodies which is of mechanistic interest because other viral illnesses are potentially involved in endothelial dysfunction and in SSc pathogenesis. CONCLUSION COVID-19 is due to a direct assault of SARS-CoV-2 on the vascular system as an acute infection, whereas SSc remains a chronic/sub-acute autoimmune disease of largely unknown etiology Further study and exploration of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic mechanisms might provide further useful milestones in the understanding of the early SSc pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence & Division of Rheumatology AOUC, Florence, Italy; Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michael Hughes
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gloria Taliani
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bashar Kahaleh
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
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Butsabong T, Felippe M, Campagnolo P, Maringer K. The emerging role of perivascular cells (pericytes) in viral pathogenesis. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34424156 PMCID: PMC8513640 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses may exploit the cardiovascular system to facilitate transmission or within-host dissemination, and the symptoms of many viral diseases stem at least in part from a loss of vascular integrity. The microvascular architecture is comprised of an endothelial cell barrier ensheathed by perivascular cells (pericytes). Pericytes are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and play crucial roles in angiogenesis and the maintenance of microvascular integrity through complex reciprocal contact-mediated and paracrine crosstalk with endothelial cells. We here review the emerging ways that viruses interact with pericytes and pay consideration to how these interactions influence microvascular function and viral pathogenesis. Major outcomes of virus-pericyte interactions include vascular leakage or haemorrhage, organ tropism facilitated by barrier disruption, including viral penetration of the blood-brain barrier and placenta, as well as inflammatory, neurological, cognitive and developmental sequelae. The underlying pathogenic mechanisms may include direct infection of pericytes, pericyte modulation by secreted viral gene products and/or the dysregulation of paracrine signalling from or to pericytes. Viruses we cover include the herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, Human betaherpesvirus 5), the retrovirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, HAND), the flaviviruses dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), and the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19). We touch on promising pericyte-focussed therapies for treating the diseases caused by these important human pathogens, many of which are emerging viruses or are causing new or long-standing global pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemapron Butsabong
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Mariana Felippe
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Kevin Maringer
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
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Yaiw KC, Mohammad AA, Taher C, Cui HL, Costa H, Kostopoulou ON, Jung M, Assinger A, Wilhelmi V, Yang J, Strååt K, Rahbar A, Pernow J, Söderberg-Nauclér C. Human Cytomegalovirus Reduces Endothelin-1 Expression in Both Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061137. [PMID: 34070407 PMCID: PMC8229579 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an opportunistic pathogen that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, is overexpressed and strongly associated with many vasculopathies. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether HCMV could affect ET-1 production. As such, both endothelial and smooth muscle cells, two primary cell types involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, were infected with HCMV in vitro and ET-1 mRNA and proteins were assessed by quantitative PCR assay, immunofluorescence staining and ELISA. HCMV infection significantly decreased ET-1 mRNA and secreted bioactive ET-1 levels from both cell types and promoted accumulation of the ET-1 precursor protein in infected endothelial cells. This was associated with inhibition of expression of the endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), which cleaves the ET-1 precursor protein to mature ET-1. Ganciclovir treatment did not prevent the virus suppressive effects on ET-1 expression. Consistent with this observation we identified that the IE2-p86 protein predominantly modulated ET-1 expression. Whether the pronounced effects of HCMV in reducing ET-1 expression in vitro may lead to consequences for regulation of the vascular tone in vivo remains to be proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koon-Chu Yaiw
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (K.-C.Y.); (C.S.-N.)
| | - Abdul-Aleem Mohammad
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chato Taher
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huanhuan Leah Cui
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Costa
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ourania N. Kostopoulou
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Masany Jung
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice Assinger
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Vanessa Wilhelmi
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiangning Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital Solna, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Klas Strååt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, BioClinicum and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University, Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Afsar Rahbar
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital Solna, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Cecilia Söderberg-Nauclér
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.-A.M.); (C.T.); (H.L.C.); (H.C.); (M.J.); (V.W.); (A.R.)
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (K.-C.Y.); (C.S.-N.)
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Rolland M, Martin H, Bergamelli M, Sellier Y, Bessières B, Aziza J, Benchoua A, Leruez-Ville M, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Chavanas S. Human cytomegalovirus infection is associated with increased expression of the lissencephaly gene PAFAH1B1 encoding LIS1 in neural stem cells and congenitally infected brains. J Pathol 2021; 254:92-102. [PMID: 33565082 DOI: 10.1002/path.5640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Congenital infection of the central nervous system by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a leading cause of permanent sequelae, including mental retardation or neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The most severe complications include smooth brain or polymicrogyria, which are both indicative of abnormal migration of neural cells, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. To gain better insight on the pathogenesis of such sequelae, we assessed the expression levels of a set of neurogenesis-related genes, using HCMV-infected human neural stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells (NSCs). Among the 84 genes tested, we found dramatically increased expression of the gene PAFAH1B1, encoding LIS1 (lissencephaly-1), in HCMV-infected versus uninfected NSCs. Consistent with these findings, western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed the increased levels of LIS1 in HCMV-infected NSCs at the protein level. We next assessed the migratory abilities of HCMV-infected NSCs and observed that infection strongly impaired the migration of NSCs, without detectable effect on their proliferation. Moreover, we observed increased immunostaining for LIS1 in brains of congenitally infected fetuses, but not in control samples, highlighting the clinical relevance of our findings. Of note, PAFAH1B1 mutations (resulting in either haploinsufficiency or gain of function) are primary causes of hereditary neurodevelopmental diseases. Notably, mutations resulting in PAFAH1B1 haploinsufficiency cause classic lissencephaly. Taken together, our findings suggest that PAFAH1B1 is a critical target of HCMV infection. They also shine a new light on the pathophysiological basis of the neurological outcomes of congenital HCMV infection, by suggesting that defective neural cell migration might contribute to the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopmental sequelae of infection. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Rolland
- Centre for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Martin
- Centre for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Bergamelli
- Centre for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yann Sellier
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Bettina Bessières
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Aziza
- Département d'Anatomie Pathologique, IUCT-Oncopôle Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Dunia
- Centre for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Chavanas
- Centre for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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8
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Weckman AM, Ngai M, Wright J, McDonald CR, Kain KC. The Impact of Infection in Pregnancy on Placental Vascular Development and Adverse Birth Outcomes. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1924. [PMID: 31507551 PMCID: PMC6713994 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy fetal development is dependent on nutrient and oxygen transfer via the placenta. Optimal growth and function of placental vasculature is therefore essential to support in utero development. Vasculogenesis, the de novo formation of blood vessels, and angiogenesis, the branching and remodeling of existing vasculature, mediate the development and maturation of placental villi, which form the materno-fetal interface. Several lines of evidence indicate that systemic maternal infection and consequent inflammation can disrupt placental vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The resulting alterations in placental hemodynamics impact fetal growth and contribute to poor birth outcomes including preterm delivery, small-for-gestational age (SGA), stillbirth, and low birth weight (LBW). Furthermore, pathways involved in maternal immune activation and placental vascularization parallel those involved in normal fetal development, notably neurovascular development. Therefore, immune-mediated disruption of angiogenic pathways at the materno-fetal interface may also have long-term neurological consequences for offspring. Here, we review current literature evaluating the influence of maternal infection and immune activation at the materno-fetal interface and the subsequent impact on placental vascular function and birth outcome. Immunomodulatory pathways, including chemokines and cytokines released in response to maternal infection, interact closely with the principal pathways regulating placental vascular development, including the angiopoietin-Tie-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and placental growth factor (PlGF) pathways. A detailed mechanistic understanding of how maternal infections impact placental and fetal development is critical to the design of effective interventions to promote placental growth and function and thereby reduce adverse birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Weckman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Ngai
- SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Wright
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe R McDonald
- SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin C Kain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Tropical Disease Unit, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Franke N, Bette M, Marquardt A, Briese T, Lipkin WI, Kurz C, Ehrenreich J, Mack E, Baying B, Beneš V, Rodepeter FR, Neff A, Teymoortash A, Eivazi B, Geisthoff U, Stuck BA, Bakowsky U, Mandic R. Virome Analysis Reveals No Association of Head and Neck Vascular Anomalies with an Active Viral Infection. In Vivo 2018; 32:1323-1331. [PMID: 30348684 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Vascular anomalies encompass different vascular malformations [arteriovenous (AVM), lymphatic (LM), venous lymphatic (VLM), venous (VM)] and vascular tumors such as hemangiomas (HA). The pathogenesis of vascular anomalies is still poorly understood. Viral infection was speculated as a possible underlying cause. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 13 human vascular anomalies and three human skin control tissues were used for viral analysis. RNA derived from AVM (n=4) and normal skin control (n=3) tissues was evaluated by RNA sequencing. The Virome Capture Sequencing Platform for Vertebrate Viruses (VirCapSeq-VERT) was deployed on 10 tissues with vascular anomalies (2×AVM, 1×HA, 1×LM, 2×VLM, 4×VM). RESULTS RNA sequencing did not show any correlation of AVM with viral infection. By deploying VirCapSeq-VERT, no consistent viral association was seen in the tested tissues. CONCLUSION The analysis does not point to the presence of an active viral infection in vascular anomalies. However, transient earlier viral infections, e.g. during pregnancy, cannot be excluded with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Franke
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bette
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - André Marquardt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Briese
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York City, NY, U.S.A
| | - W Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York City, NY, U.S.A
| | - Christopher Kurz
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jovine Ehrenreich
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Mack
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Bianka Baying
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Beneš
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Neff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Afshin Teymoortash
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Behfar Eivazi
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Urban Geisthoff
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Boris A Stuck
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Mandic
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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10
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Kräter M, Sapudom J, Bilz NC, Pompe T, Guck J, Claus C. Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis. Cells 2018; 7:E136. [PMID: 30217036 PMCID: PMC6162683 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular cytoskeleton is central for key cellular functions, and as such is a marker for diseased and infected cell states. Here we analyzed infection with rubella virus (RV) strains with respect to phenotypes in cellular mechanical properties, cell movement, and viral cytopathogenicity. Real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC), as a high-throughput platform for the assessment of cell mechanics, revealed a correlation of an increase in cortical filamentous-actin (F-actin) with a higher cellular stiffness. The additional reduction of stress fibers noted for only some RV strains as the most severe actin rearrangement lowered cell stiffness. Furthermore, a reduced collective and single cell migration speed in a wound healing assay was detected in addition to severe changes in cell morphology. The latter was followed by activation of caspase 3/7 as a sign for induction of apoptosis. Our study emphasizes RT-DC technology as a sensitive means to characterize viral cell populations and to implicate alterations of cell mechanical properties with cell functions. These interdependent events are not only promising options to elucidate viral spread and to understand viral pathologies within the infected host. They also contribute to any diseased cell state, as exemplified by RV as a representative agent for cytoskeletal alterations involved in a cytopathological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kräter
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Clinic of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | | | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Virology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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11
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Gustafsson KLR, Renné T, Söderberg-Naucler C, Butler LM. Human cytomegalovirus replication induces endothelial cell interleukin-11. Cytokine 2018; 111:563-566. [PMID: 29807687 PMCID: PMC6299253 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus induces endothelial cell interleukin-11 secretion. Viral replication drives interleukin-11 upregulation at the transcriptional level. First report of any biological agent that induces endothelial cell IL-11 production.
Endothelial cells (EC) are critical sites of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection in vivo. Infection can induce the production of various EC cytokines, such as interleukin (IL-)6, which can have autocrine and/or paracrine effector functions. Here, we report that hCMV induces the production of EC IL-11, a relatively understudied member of the IL-6-type cytokine family. We detail temporal EC IL-11 translation and protein secretion dynamics in response to hCMV infection, and reveal distinct differences compared to EC IL-6. Viral replication had markedly opposing effects on the regulation of these closely related cytokines, representing a major driving force behind IL-11 production, whilst concurrently suppressing IL-6 expression. This is the first report of any biological agent that stimulates EC IL-11 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L R Gustafsson
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - L M Butler
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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12
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Tagami M, Honda S, Morioka I, Iijima K, Yamada H, Nakamura M. An unusual case of congenital cytomegalovirus infection-related retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:81. [PMID: 27266272 PMCID: PMC4896032 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection, and chorioretinitis is the most common ophthalmic manifestation of congenital CMV infection. We experienced a unique case of CMV retinopathy showing unusual retinal vessels. Case presentation An infant boy weighing 1860 g was born at 36 weeks. He was diagnosed with severe symptomatic congenital CMV infection, which was confirmed by positive CMV-DNA in urine and whole blood, and he was referred to our ophthalmology department on his first day of life. Ophthalmoscopic examination and fluorescein angiography revealed no chorioretinitis but major retinal vascular occlusions and arterio-venous anastomosis associated with CMV detection in the aqueous humor. These findings regressed within a week after treatment with systemic gancyclovir administration. Conclusions To our knowledge, there are no reports of these ocular issues associated with congenital CMV infection. These findings may be useful for the early and rapid diagnosis of congenital CMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Tagami
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shigeru Honda
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideto Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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13
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Luganini A, Terlizzi ME, Gribaudo G. Bioactive Molecules Released From Cells Infected with the Human Cytomegalovirus. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:715. [PMID: 27242736 PMCID: PMC4865657 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Following primary infection in humans, the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists in a latent state throughout the host’s lifetime despite a strong and efficient immune response. If the host experiences some form of immune dysregulation, such as immunosuppression or immunodeficiency, HCMV reactivates, thereby emerging from latency. Thus, in the absence of effective functional immune responses, as occurs in immunocompromised or immunoimmature individuals, both HCMV primary infections and reactivations from latency can cause significant morbidity and mortality. However, even in immunocompetent hosts, HCMV represents a relevant risk factor for the development of several chronic inflammatory diseases and certain forms of neoplasia. HCMV infection may shift between the lytic and latent state, regulated by a delicate and intricate balance between virus-mediated immunomodulation and host immune defenses. Indeed, HCMV is a master in manipulating innate and adaptive host defense pathways, and a large portion of its genome is devoted to encoding immunomodulatory proteins; such proteins may thus represent important virulence determinants. However, the pathogenesis of HCMV-related diseases is strengthened by the activities of bioactive molecules, of both viral and cellular origin, that are secreted from infected cells and collectively named as the secretome. Here, we review the state of knowledge on the composition and functions of HCMV-derived secretomes. In lytic infections of fibroblasts and different types of endothelial cells, the majority of HCMV-induced secreted proteins act in a paracrine fashion to stimulate the generation of an inflammatory microenvironment around infected cells; this may lead to vascular inflammation and angiogenesis that, in turn, foster HCMV replication and its dissemination through host tissues. Conversely, the HCMV secretome derived from latently infected hematopoietic progenitor cells induces an immunosuppressive extracellular environment that interferes with immune recognition and elimination of latently infected cells, thereby promoting viral persistence. Characterization of the composition and biological activities of HCMV secretomes from different types of infected cells will lay the foundation for future advances in our knowledge about the pathogenesis HCMV diseases and may provide targets for the development of novel antiviral intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luganini
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin Turin, Italy
| | - Maria E Terlizzi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gribaudo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin Turin, Italy
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14
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Mucke HA. Drug Repurposing Patent Applications July–September 2015. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2015; 13:661-6. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2015.29031.pq3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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