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Saha R, Majumdar A, Chaudhuri RD, Chatterjee A, Lo M, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular epidemiology of circulating human adenoviruses among acute respiratory infection patients seeking healthcare facilities in West Bengal, India. Virology 2023; 588:109912. [PMID: 37913611 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes acute respiratory infections leading to mortality in children. This study analyzes the circulating respiratory HAdV genotypes in West Bengal, India during 2018-2022 among symptomatic patients. The overall positivity rate was 6.8%, out of which 26.4% were co-infected with other respiratory viruses. Children aged 2 to 5 years were mostly infected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the recombinant HAdV-B type 7/3, which has remarkable outbreak potential, predominantly circulated in this region followed by the non-recombinant HAdV-B type 3/3. Moreover, the amino acid sequences encoded by both the hexon and fiber genes of these two circulating strains possessed a few mutations that mostly diverged from the prototype strain, although the divergence was less pronounced in case of the amino acids encoded by the fiber gene of HAdV-B type 3/3. Overall, the results underscore the need for continuous surveillance of respiratory HAdV types to combat future possible epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritubrita Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Agniva Majumdar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratul Datta Chaudhuri
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Chatterjee
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Idris OO, Kolawole OM. Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus and human adenovirus among children in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. J Med Virol 2021; 94:2548-2557. [PMID: 34816447 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In children, the respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus majorly cause acute respiratory infections. The study evaluated the seroprevalence and conducted the molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) among children. Venous blood, nasopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from children presenting with acute respiratory infections in a tertiary health facility in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. A serological investigation was carried out on the sera samples for the detection of anti-HRSV immunoglobulin M (IgM), anti-HRSV IgG, anti-HAdV IgM, and anti-HAdV IgG using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits. The amplification and sequencing of HRSV and HAdV were carried out using specific primer pairs that targeted the glycoprotein (G) gene of HRSV and the hexon gene of HAdV, respectively. The seroprevalence of HRSV IgG and IgM was 73% and 7.5%, respectively, while the seroprevalence of HAdV IgG and IgM was 98.5% and 8.5%, respectively. The age of enrolled children, presence of fever, and cough were associated (p < 0.05) with the infection. HRSV subtype B (HRSV-B) (13.3%), and species of HAdV (Mastadenovirus B and C) (11.7%) were detected among the studied population. There was no viral coinfection with both HRSV and HAdV. In infancy and early childhood, HRSV-B, HAdV species B and C are common etiologic agents of respiratory infections as reported in this study. Further studies on molecular characterization of respiratory tract viruses including circulating respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus are hereby advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka O Idris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Olatunji M Kolawole
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Hiroi S, Kawahata T, Furubayashi K. First isolation of human adenovirus type 85 by molecular analysis of adenoviruses in cases of urethritis. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:265-269. [PMID: 31971505 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Human adenovirus (HAdV) has been reported as a potential cause of sexually transmitted urethritis.Aim. We aimed to investigate HAdVs associated with urethritis in Osaka, Japan through molecular characterization.Methodology. Urine samples were obtained from male patients with urethritis from 2015 to 2018. Molecular analysis of the isolated strains and follow-up real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses of the clinical samples were performed.Results. The isolates were classified into five types belonging to species D (18 cases) or E (one case). HAdV-85 (species D) was detected for the first time in a urethritis case. Follow-up examination demonstrated that HAdV was isolated from urine samples half a month after the first sampling in four cases, and that viral DNA could be detected after 1 month in two cases.Conclusion. The HAdV types detected from urethritis cases were related to respiratory and ocular HAdV infections, while a novel HAdV type identified as a cause of conjunctivitis also causes urethritis. Sexual contact should be avoided for 1 month after HAdV genital infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hiroi
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawahata
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
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Kosulin K. Intestinal HAdV Infection: Tissue Specificity, Persistence, and Implications for Antiviral Therapy. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090804. [PMID: 31480296 PMCID: PMC6783822 DOI: 10.3390/v11090804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes infections predominantly in early childhood and the tissue tropism of specific HAdV species determines the clinical manifestation, including infections of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and keratoconjunctivitis. Why HAdV shows such a tropism has not yet been fully elucidated, but in the intestine different mechanisms for virus entry or resistence to immune modulatory factors have been described. Recently identified antiviral strategies by interferons provide evidence about the repression of E1A and maybe even promote HAdV persistence. The presence of HAdV in a persistent status in the gut is of importance in the setting of pediatric stem cell transplant recipients where HAdV detection in stool usually preceds clinical signs and severe infections are related to mortality. The reactivation of persistent intestinal HAdV infections in these patients needs further investigation also with regard to successful therapy options. In addition, several newly identified recombinant HAdV types have been isolated from stool samples, thus raising the question of possible recombination events in the gut. In this review, intestinal HAdV infections are discussed in relation to the tissue tropism, persistence, recombination, and new in-vitro models to enhance the knowledge about virus–host interactions and support the development of new treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kosulin
- Molecular Microbiology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Yao LH, Wang C, Wei TL, Wang H, Ma FL, Zheng LS. Human adenovirus among hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China, 2017-2018. Virol J 2019; 16:78. [PMID: 31196108 PMCID: PMC6567909 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause a wide range of diseases. However, the genotype diversity and epidemiological information relating to HAdVs among hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is limited. Here, we describe the epidemiology and genotype distribution of HAdVs associated with RTIs in Beijing, China. METHODS Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were collected from hospitalized children with RTIs from April 2017 to March 2018. HAdVs were detected by a TaqMan-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay, and the hexon gene was used for phylogenetic analysis. Epidemiological data were analyzed using statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 21.0 software. RESULTS HAdV was detected in 72 (5.64%) of the 1276 NPA specimens, with most (86.11%, 62/72) HAdV-positives cases detected among children < 6 years of age. HAdV-B3 (56.06%, 37/66) and HAdV-C2 (19.70%, 13/66) were the most frequent. Of the 72 HAdV-infected cases, 27 (37.50%) were co-infected with other respiratory viruses, most commonly parainfluenza virus (12.50%, 9/72) and rhinovirus (9.72%, 7/72). The log number of viral load ranged from 3.30 to 9.14 copies per mL of NPA, with no significant difference between the HAdV mono- and co-infection groups. The main clinical symptoms in the HAdV-infected patients were fever and cough, and 62 (86.11%, 62/72) were diagnosed with pneumonia. Additionally, HAdVs were detected throughout the year with a higher prevalence in summer. CONCLUSIONS HAdV prevalence is related to age and season. HAdV-B and HAdV-C circulated simultaneously among the hospitalized children with RTIs in Beijing, and HAdV-B type 3 and HAdV-C type 2 were the most frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Yao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Chao Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Tian-Li Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hao Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Fen-Lian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100052, China.
| | - Li-Shu Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100052, China.
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Wang Y, Li Y, Lu R, Zhao Y, Xie Z, Shen J, Tan W. Phylogenetic evidence for intratypic recombinant events in a novel human adenovirus C that causes severe acute respiratory infection in children. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23014. [PMID: 26960434 PMCID: PMC4785336 DOI: 10.1038/srep23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are prevalent in hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Here, we report a unique recombinant HAdV strain (CBJ113) isolated from a HAdV-positive child with SARI. The whole-genome sequence was determined using Sanger sequencing and high-throughput sequencing. A phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome indicated that the CBJ113 strain shares a common origin with HAdV-C2, HAdV-C6, HAdV-C1, HAdV-C5, and HAdV-C57 and formed a novel subclade on the same branch as other HAdV-C subtypes. BootScan and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses showed that the CBJ113 genome has an intra-subtype recombinant structure and comprises gene regions mainly originating from two circulating viral strains: HAdV-1 and HAdV-2. The parental penton base, pVI, and DBP genes of the recombinant strain clustered with the HAdV-1 prototype strain, and the E1B, hexon, fiber, and 100 K genes of the recombinant clustered within the HAdV-2 subtype, meanwhile the E4orf1 and DNA polymerase genes of the recombinant shared the greatest similarity with those of HAdV-5 and HAdV-6, respectively. All of these findings provide insight into our understanding of the dynamics of the complexity of the HAdV-C epidemic. More extensive studies should address the pathogenicity and clinical characteristics of the novel recombinant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Roujian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
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Liu C, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Ren L, Li J, Xie Z, Xu B, Yang Y, Qian S, Wang J, Shen K. Adenovirus infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China, 2007 to 2012. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:408. [PMID: 26429778 PMCID: PMC4591558 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human adenoviruses (HAdV) play a significant role in pediatric respiratory tract infections. To date, over 60 types of HAdV have been identified. Here, HAdV types are characterized in children in the Beijing area with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) and the clinical features and laboratory findings of hospitalized HAdV-infected cases are described. Methods Respiratory specimens were collected from pediatric patients with ALRTIs in the emergency department or from those admitted to Beijing Children’s Hospital between March 2007 and December 2012. Infections with common respiratory viruses were determined by PCR or RT-PCR. HAdV positive samples were further typed by PCR and sequencing. Results Among 3356 patients with ALRTIs, 194 (5.8 %) were found to have HAdV infection. HAdV infection was primarily confined to children (88.35 %) less than 5 years of age. A total of 11 different types of HAdV were detected throughout the study period, with HAdV-B7 (49.0 %) and HAdV-B3 (26.3 %) as the most prevalent types, followed by HAdV-C2 (7.7 %) and HAdVC1 (4.6 %). Newly emerging and re-emergent types or variants, HAdV-B55 (n = 5), HAdV-C57 (n = 3), and HAdV-B14p1 (n = 1), were identified. Results also included the reported first case of co-infection with HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C57. Clinical entities of patients with single HAdV infection (n = 49) were similar to those with mixed HAdV/respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections (n = 41). Patients with HAdV-B7 infection had longer duration of fever and higher serum levels of muscle enzymes than HAdV-B3-infected patients. Conclusions During the study period, HAdV-B7 and HAdV-B3 were the predominant types identified in pediatric ALRTIs. HAdV-B7 infection tends to have more severe clinical consequences. The presence of newly emerging types or variants and co-infection with different types of HAdV highlights the need for constant and close surveillance of HAdV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China. .,Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Xiao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Lili Ren
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China. .,Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Baoping Xu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Yang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Suyun Qian
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Kunling Shen
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
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Nikitenko NA, Speiseder T, Groitl P, Spirin PV, Prokofjeva MM, Lebedev TD, Rubtsov PM, Lam E, Riecken K, Fehse B, Dobner T, Prassolov VS. Targeting species D adenoviruses replication to counteract the epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Biochimie 2015; 113:10-6. [PMID: 25796214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses are non-enveloped DNA viruses causing various infections; their pathogenicity varies dependent on virus species and type. Although acute infections can sometimes take severe courses, they are rarely fatal in immune-competent individuals. Adenoviral conjunctivitis and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis are hyperacute and highly contagious infections of the eye caused by human adenovirus types within species D. Currently there is no causal treatment available to counteract these diseases effectively. The E2B region of the adenovirus genome encodes for the viral DNA polymerase, which is required for adenoviral DNA replication. Here we propose novel model systems to test this viral key factor, DNA polymerase, as a putative target for the development of efficient antiviral therapy based on RNA interference. Using our model cell lines we found that different small interfering RNAs mediate significant suppression (up to 90%) of expression levels of viral DNA polymerase upon transfection. Moreover, permanent expression of short hairpin RNA based on the most effective small interfering RNA led to a highly significant, more than tenfold reduction in replication for different human group D adenoviruses involved in ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Nikitenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Speiseder
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Groitl
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pavel V Spirin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria M Prokofjeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timofey D Lebedev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr M Rubtsov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Lam
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Boris Fehse
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir S Prassolov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Kajon AE, Lamson D, Shudt M, Oikonomopoulou Z, Fisher B, Klieger S, St George K, Hodinka RL. Identification of a novel intertypic recombinant species D human adenovirus in a pediatric stem cell transplant recipient. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:496-502. [PMID: 25449172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are known opportunistic pathogens in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. The detection of HAdV infection in children after SCT has been implicated as a determinant of poor outcome but specific associations between HAdV species or individual HAdV types and disease are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Characterization of a HAdV-D strain isolated from multiple clinical specimens of an 11-year-old female recipient of a matched unrelated donor peripheral SCT for T-cell lymphoma and case report. STUDY DESIGN Archived HAdV PCR-positive plasma, urine, and stool specimens were processed for virus isolation and detailed molecular typing. Complete genomic sequencing was carried out on 2 isolates. RESULTS The patient tested positive for HAdV DNA by real-time PCR of a stool specimen at 44 days after initiation of a SCT conditioning regimen. In the subsequent 3 months, HAdV was detected in plasma, urine and stool specimens in association with symptoms of gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic cystitis. A novel HAdV-D with a HAdV20-like hexon gene was isolated from both urine and stool specimens. All isolates yielded identical restriction profiles with endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, PstI and SmaI. Analysis of 2 complete genomic sequences further identified the virus as a novel intertypic recombinant HAdV-D (P20/H20/F42) closely related to HAdV42. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the identification of a previously unknown HAdV-D from an immunocompromised host. In this patient, the course of adenovirus infection is compatible with reactivation of a latent virus or a primary opportunistic infection. Adenoviremia in this patient resolved without definitive adenovirus-directed antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana E Kajon
- Infectious Disease Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Daryl Lamson
- Virology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Shudt
- Applied Genomics Technologies Core, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Zacharoula Oikonomopoulou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, and The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian Fisher
- Division of Infectious Diseases, and The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Klieger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, and The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kirsten St George
- Virology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Richard L Hodinka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Virology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ghebremedhin B. Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2014; 4:26-33. [PMID: 24678403 DOI: 10.1556/eujmi.4.2014.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to describe the biology of human adenovirus (HAdV), the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and to present a practical update on its diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. There are two well-defined adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis clinical syndromes: epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF), which are caused by different HAdV serotypes. The exact incidence of adenoviral conjunctivitis is still poorly known. However, cases are more frequent during warmer months. The virus is endemic in the general population, and frequently causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients, especially the pediatric patients. Contagion is possible through direct contact or fomites, and the virus is extremely resistant to different physical and chemical agents. The clinical signs or symptoms of conjunctival infection are similar to any other conjunctivitis, with a higher incidence of pseudomembranes. In the cornea, adenoviral infection may lead to keratitis nummularis. Diagnosis is mainly clinical, but its etiology can be confirmed using cell cultures, antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction or immunochromatography. Multiple treatments have been tried for this disease, but none of them seem to be completely effective. Prevention is the most reliable and recommended strategy to control this contagious infection.
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